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Farias6 and below Makanau hill is another heiau named Imakakaloa, a hula heiau named after a famous blind Ka'u chief. Hula heiau are small in number in the present day. The only other one to be located is on the island of Kauai. Its proximity to the larger luakini heiau nearby, especially on Makanau Hill, Punalu'u Nui, and Ke'eku Heiau at Kawa Bay implies it's importance to the ceremonies conducted at the luakini during monthly and yearly services held within them. The presence of a number of luakini in such close proximity to each other is not represent elsewhere, and demonstrates either a change in power overtime, with succeeding rulers building in new prominent places, or a linear progression of Gme where bigger and better heiau were built due to changing conditions. Either way, it is an important observation, and important to future study of the area, indicating it's importance to the ancestors of this place. Jt may also reflect population increases, however it is not likely given all other evidence. This he6u has never been dated nor fully surveyed. Kohaikalani Heiau On Makanau Hill, another luakini heiau by the name of Kohaikalani ,built by the infamous chief Kohaikalani that was reputed to have been killed by the people of Ka'u together with his priests (kahuna) because he was such a hard taskmaster. The `ili'ili for this heiau was brought up from the far away beach of Nau, several bays away from Punalu'u. This heau has never been dated nor fully surveyed. Scattered and grouped house sites In addition to the sites west and north of the heiau, there are house sites along the beach, behind the fish pond, and all the way down to Ninole cove. These sites were surveyed prior to the building of the restaurant and village complex, however indepth study and relating of previously debunked methodology used at these sites has never been pertorrned. Proximity to heiau is important in any research conducted on house sites in Phis area due to their potential connection to the rituals performed there. Ka'ie'ie Heiau, Located on the western pominatory of Ninole Cove, just makai of the old golf course club house, there is a fishing heiau named Ka'ie'ie heiau. Offerings to Kamohoali'I the shark God continues to this day at this point. The heiau has been restored and is currently undergoing discussion for preservation of this site. Ke eku Heiau. Further west at Kowa bay there is another Luakini heiau by the name of Ke'eku. (Stokes, 1901-1919 as quoted by M. Kelly, supported by personal interview with Hanoa) It is said, that if you stand on the top of Makanau in Kohaikalani heiau you will see a perfect triangle formed, using the other two luakini heiau, one in Kowa Bay (Ke'eku) forming the western comer, and the one at Punalu'u (Punalu'u nui) forming the eastern comer. (Hanoa interview) Kings Trail remAnants and old aovemment road In between each of the coastal heiau sites and housing areas is remenants of the o!d government road, which existed at the time of the overthrow in 1793. This old government road, was once the Kings trail, as demonstrated by its stylistic Vaits, such as the deliberate build up of a rock walkway trail for Ali'I leading across and over the a'a to the next few bays. The Pond at Punalu'u The present pond located at the beach area at Punalu'u wasn't always as large as it is today. Its size and shape (and division - it once was split into two or three little ponds historically as demonstrated by historical photos) has changed historically due to alterations in adjacent areas. There is evidence that it was once a royal fish pond in ancient times, reserved for the use of the Ali i. The preservation of this pond area is very important to archaeological and archeobotanical research. Soil samples and pollen samples should be retrieved from the bottom of the pond at several locations. These data could tell us a lot about the ancient climate of the entire region and would benefit research in other areas of Hawai'I as well, including other