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Home My WebLink AboutCOM 1272.000 2006-2008Pete Hoffmann Council Chair District 9 - ;North and South Kohala Phone No. Hilo: (808) 961-8027 Phone No. Waimea: (808) 887-2043 Fax No.: (808) 887-2072 E-Mail: poffmann@co.hawaii.hi.us HAWAII COUNTY COUNCIL Hawai'! County Building 25Aa~puni Street Hilo, Hawaii 96720 County of Hawai `i Holomua Center 64-1067 Mamalahoa Hightivay, Suite C-5 Waimea. Hawaii 96743 a e:~ r~ ~ _1 r`~ _~ __ ~ ~~ .Tune 6, 2008 CO: Council Members Hawaii County Council hROM: Pete Hoffmann, Chair awai`i County Council _:... ~ .. w t -.~ ..,. ca RE: Conservation District Use _~pplication and Environmental Assessment for the Puako Emergency Road "I~he State Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) has requested that the Council review the above-mentioned application and provide comments by June 28t". Therefore, please h!ace this matter on the June 18`h Council agenda. f' , n'lahalo. P E-l~lys ~~. ~a Iz7z Ref. To: 1~N ~ , Ref. Date J_ Uj~, 6 20~ (Note: Application and environmental assessment mentioned abotre are on file in the Clerk's Office.) Serving the Interests of the People of Our Island Hawaii County Is An Equal Opportunity Provider And Employer I ' LINDA LINGLE GOVERNOR OF HAWAII REF:000L:DH `o'~~tl;.19 ~ STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES OFFICE OF CONSERVATION AND COASTAL LANDS POST OFFICE BOX 621 HONOLULU, HAWAII 96809 Pete Hoffman Hawaii County Hawaii County Council 25 Aupuni Street, Room 209 Hilo, Hawaii 96720 Dear Councilman Hoffinan, - ~-v - -; a F-+ `~ SUBJECT: CDUA HA-3469 for use of State-owned lands to construct Puako Emergency Road for the Puako Community Association, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii, TMK: (3) 6-9-001:017 & 6-9-006:051 Attached, please find Conservation District Use Application (CDUA) HA-3469, the project's environmental assessment, and our Department's notice to the applicant. We would appreciate Hawaii County Council's review and comment on this application. Please note that written comments regarding the proposed project must be postmarked by June 28, 2008, and should be mailed to: Department of Land and Natural Resources, Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands, PO Box 621, Honolulu, Hawaii 96809. If no response is received, we will assume there are no com ents. S d you have questions, please call Dawn Hegger of our Office of Conservation and C stal Lands s aff at 587-0380. Sal J. Lemmo, Administrator Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands Attachments LAURA H. THIELEN CHABtPERSON BOARD OF LAND AND NA'1T/RAI. RESOURCES ~4d6SION ON WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RUSSELL Y. TSUJI FRLST DEPUTY KEN C. KAWAHARA DEPUTY DR2ECTOR -WATER AQUATIC RESOURCES BOAT6IG AND OCEAN RECREATION BUREAU OF CONYEYANCES COMM6510N ON WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CONSERVATION AND COASTAL LANDS CONSERVATION AND RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT ENGQJFFRAIG FORESTRY AND WBDLffE NISTORK; PRESERVATION KANOOLAWE GLAND RESERVE COMM6SION LAND STATE PARKS CDUA: HA-3469 Acceptance Date: May 19, 2008 180 Exp. Date: November 15, 2008 SUSPENSE DATE: 21 Day~rom st~mped~ite ~AY~ 3 ZQ~~ ,~ ; _. N ., ~..; :13 -- (l~bte: Application and environmental assessment mentioned above are on file in the Clerk's Office.) ~ LINDA LINGLE GOVERNOR OF HAWAII REF:000L:DH LAURA ~ HELEN ` Q F h C , 4 • BGARU GF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES a ~ . ~s a ~ 1~. COMMDSpNONWATFAR60UP(.'EYANAOE11~7JT . L~,.~ ~ri ;+` ~IINS~s' i ~ : v RUSSELL Y. TSUJI FBIST DEFUIY KEN C. KAWAHARA ~.. fiY a~ DEPIlfY DIXEC70R • WATER AQUATIC RESOURCES 'P•~ ~ WATMG AND OCEAN RECREATRNi C A~73'••~ BUREAU OF CONVEYANCES COMM6SION ON WATER RE40lB[CE MANAOEMENI CONSERVATgN AND COASTAL LANDS STATE OF HAWAII CQ/SERV,1fIONANDRESOURCF3ENFOacE~mrr ENGWE~R'RBiO DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES FGREBTRY AND WRDLRE II6 fORC PRESERVATRk/ KAHOUL\ WF. EiIAlID RF3ERVE C06MEiSRD1 OFFICE OF CONSERVATION AND COASTAL LANDS STATE PARRS POST OFFICE BOX 621 HONOLULU, HAWAII 96809 Ron Tent' Geometrician Associates P.O. Box 396 Hilo, Hawaii 96721 CDUA: HA-3469 Acceptance Date: May 19, 2008 180 Exp. Date: November I5, 2008 NOTICE OF ACCEPTANCE AND PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION Conservation District Use Application (CDUA) File No. HA-3469 (BOARD Permit) This letter acknowledges the receipt and acceptance for the processing of your client's Conservation District Use Application (CDUA) HA-3469 for use of State-owned lands to construct Puako Emergency Road for the Puako Community Association, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii, TMK: (3) 6-9-001:017 & 6-9-006:051. According to your information in the CDUA and accompanying Draft Environmental Assessment (DEA), the applicant is proposing the use of State-owned lands to construct Puako Emergency Road for the Puako Community Association, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii, TMK: (3) 6-9-001:017 & 6-9-006:051. The Puako Community Association, with the cooperation of the Mauna Lani Resort, proposed to utilize a 625 foot long 30 foot wide portion of State of Hawaii lands to construct a gated emergency road. The road will connect the end of Puako Beach Road with Holoholo Kai Beach Pazk Access Road using the above TMK's. The Mauna Lani Resort is cooperating as they lease TMK: (3) 6-9-001:017. Existing trees will be cut, the road graded and surfaced with gravel. The anchialine pond located 15 feet from the project azea will be buffered with construction fencing. The road will be gated and will provide an emergency access and evacuation route for the Puako Community; Civil Defense will be in control of the gate. The subject pazcels aze located in the State Land Use (SLU) Conservation District, General and Protective subzones. According to Hawaii County Civil Defense the project azea is located within the tsunami inundation zone. Flood Insurance Rate maps (FIRM) indicate the project azea is located outside the 100-year or 500-year floodplain. Lastly, the applicant notes there are no Federal or State listed rare, endangered or threatened species of flora and/or fauna found on the subject parcel. REF:000L:DH After 'reviewing the application, we find that: 1. The proposed use is an identified use within the Protective subzone of the Conservation District according the Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR), 13-5- 22, P-6, D-2, PUBLIC PURPOSE USES, "transportation systems, transmission facilities for public utilities, water systems, energy regeneration facilities utilizing the renewable resources of the area (e.g. hydroelectric or wind fauns) and communications systems and other such land uses which are undertaken by non- governmental entities which benefit the public and aze consistent with the purpose of the conservation district;" please be advised however that this finding does not constitute approval of the proposal; 2. A public hearing pursuant to HAR 13-5-40 will not be required; 3. In conformance with Chapter 343, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), as amended, and Chapter 11-200, HAR, a finding of no significant impact (FONSI) to the environment is anticipated for the proposed project. The draft environmental assessment for the project has been submitted to the Office of Environmental Quality Control (OEQC), and will be published in the June 8, 2008 edition of OEQC's Environmental Notice. Negative action, as required by law, on your application by the Boazd of Land and Natural Resources can be expected should you fail to obtain from the County thirty (30) days prior to the 180 day expiration date, as noted on the first page of this notice, one of the following: 1. A determination that the proposed development is outside the Special Management Area (SMA). 2. A determination that the proposed development is exempt from the provisions of the County Ordinance and/or regulation specific to Section 205A-29(b), HRS. 3. A Special Management Area (SMA) permit'for the proposed development. Your CDUA will be placed on the agenda of the Board of Land and Natural Resources for their consideration after all reviews and evaluations of the proposal have been made. Should you have any questions, please contact Dawn Hegger of our Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands staffat 587-0380. Sincerely, ~~G ~~~ ~~~ LA H. THIEL N, Chairperson Bo d of Land and atural Resources c: Hawaii District Land Office County of Hawaii Planning DepartmentiF'ire Department/Police Department DOH/OHA/OEQC ED/DAR/DOFAW/HPD/SP/HDLO State Civil Defense 2 PETE HOFFMANN Chairman & Presiding Officer K. ANGEL PILAGO Vice Chair HAWAII COUNTY COUNCIL County of Hawaii Hawaii County Building 25 Aupuni Street Hilo, Hawaii 96720 June 6, 2008 Pete Hoffmann, Chair Hawaii County Council 25 Aupuni Street Hilo,. Hawaii 96720 BRENDA FORD STACY K. HIGA DONALDIKEDA BOB JACOBSON EMILY I. NAEOLE DOMINIC YAGONG J YOSHIMOTO RE: Communication No. 1272 CDUA HA-3469 for use of State-owned lands to construct Puako Emergency Road for the Puako Community Association, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii, TMK: (3) 6-9-001:017 & 6-9-006:051 Pursuant to Section 2(g) of Rule 4 of the Rules of Procedure of the Council of the County of Hawaii, this written request is submitted with my approval that the above-referenced matter be waived from the Planning Committee to the full Council for immediate action. In reviewing this matter, timely approval is crucial. It is therefore advantageous that approval is granted and the matter placed onto the next Council agenda for review. However, in the event this request is denied, for whatever reason, I understand the matter shall be referred to the Planning Committee for placement on its future agenda. Sincerely, ~K. Angel Pilag , air Planning Com ittee roved/Date/Waive to ouncil: Pete offmann, Chair Hawaii County Council Disapproved/Date/Refer to FC: Pete Hoffinann, Chair Hawaii County Council KAP/ke Serving the Interests of the People of Our Island Hawaii County Is An Equal Opportunity Provider And Employer Conservation District Use Application (CDUA) For DLNR Use File # Reviewed by Date Accepted by Date 180-Day Exp. EA/EIS Required PH Required Decision Date Project Name: Puako Emer ency Road Project Location/Address: End of Puako Beach Road, Puako District: South Kohala District Island/County: Hawaii Subzone: General Tax Map Key(s):6-9-001:017 and 6-9-006:051 (nor) Total Area of Parcel Area of Proposed Use in sq. ft or acres 230.067 acres & 1.063 acres in sq. ft. or acres approx. 0.411 acres Commencement Date: As permitting allows Completion Date: Within approx. one month of permitting Indicate which of the following approvals are being sought, as specified in the Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR), Chapter 13-5. X Board Permit _ Departmental Permit Emergency Permit Temporary Permit Site Plan Approval Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 1 APPUCANT Legal Name: Pnako Community Street Address: P.O. Box 44345 City. State and 21p+4 Code:. ~-siiYSe. Fll %743 Mailing Address: P.O. Box 44345 City, State and Zip+4 Coder . HI %743 Contact Perscm8 $ Title: Rob Slrallenbereer. President and e_1y Phone No.: j808188U-9211 Fax No.:Ln/a 1 Email: frviiila~hawaii.tr.com interest in Property: Prsa~o~sl Easement Holdec~ 'If for a officer. or signed by an authorized AGENT Name: Ron Terry. Geometrician Associates Mailing Address: PO Box 3 City, State end ZIp+4 Code: Hilo HI %7~~ Contact Person $ Position: Ron Tenn Phone No.:(808,~ %9-T090 Fax No.:(866)~16-6988 Email: Signature Date ~~%~ "" PROPERTY OWNER(S) (If other than the appl6cant) legal Name: State of Hawai`i/Mauna I.aai Resort (Ooerationl. Inc. (I.esseel Street Address: 68-1400 Mauna I.aai Dr.. Ste. 102 City, State end Zip+4 Code:~smuela HI 96743 Mailing Address _see above Contact Person $ Title: Phone No.:,(~Q$) 881-7916/881-7050 Fax No.:f8081 881-7998 EmaN: atoba(8lmaunalanLoan r+e~tlonship to applicant: nor et CONTRACTOR Note: No contractor has yet been setecl~sd. Name: Contractor I.D. # Scope of Work: Mailing Address: '; Contact Person $ P~itlon Title: Phone No.:! ,~ Fax No.:! Email: Emergency Corttad Infonnatlon ' Company/OrganizaBonName: Contact Person and Tits George Frv Phone No.:j$Q$)„ sso-9211 Phone No.:! Coaseavalton D-aaict Uae.~pplkattoaa Perko Bnaerge,xy Road PRIOR CONSERVATION DISTRICT USE PERMITS (CDUP) Please specify all prior CDUP received for the subject parcel. Applicant is unaware of any CDUPs issued for either property, and none were listed in the database examined at OCCL offices in December 2007. PROPOSED USE Total Area of Proposed Use: (indicate in acres or sq. ft) approx. 0.41 acres Describe the proposed use in detail. Include secondary improvements such as grading, septic tank placement, utilities, roads, driveways, fences, landscaping, etc. Illustrate general location of improvements on a TMK map; include preliminary architectural renderings with elevations and building footprints with application. Include existing (before) and proposed (after) graphics. If the parcel is or has been the subject of a violation, please include the violation number. The Puako Community Association, with the cooperation of Mauna Lani Resort, proposes to utilize a 625-foot long by 30-foot wide portion of State of Hawaii land located in the Conservation District in order to build a gated emergency roadway. This roadway would connect the end of Puako Beach Road with Holoholo Kai Beach Park Access Road using portions of State-owned parcels TMKs (3rd) 6-9-01:017 and 6-9-006:051. Parce16-9-001:017 is currently leased by Mauna Lani Resort (Operation), Inc. Trees in the corridor will be cut and the road will be graded by heavy equipment and surfaced with gravel. Operations will take care not to work outside the 30-foot corridor to the greatest extent feasible. An anchialine pond located about 15 feet from the edge of the disturbance area will be circled by construction fencing and avoided. The purpose of this project is to provide an emergency access and evacuation route. T'he gravel roadway would be gated and locked at both ends during normal conditions and would be opened only during emergencies as authorized by the County of Hawaii Civil Defense Agency. The proposed identified land use consists of an emergency transportation improvement being undertaken by anon-governmental entity which benefits the public and is consistent with the purpose of the conservation district. The action is therefore a Public Purpose Use as defined in Section 13-5-22 (P-6, D-2). The transportation system project includes Subdivision for Public Purposes (P-11, D-1). Each of these component actions is an identified land use for the general subzone. Currently the Puako community has only one evacuation route out of the area in the event of emergencies such as wildfires, high surf, tsunami, and traffic accidents. Wildfires throughout the years have threatened the community; one on October 28, 2007 burned 1,500 acres near Puako Beach Road, approaching within a quarter mile of 200 homes and prompting the evacuation of 400 people. In addition, the October 15, 2006 Richter magnitude 6.7 earthquake's epicenter was approximately 15 miles from Puako, causing extensive damage and highlighting the need for alternative access in case of tsunami. Construction of this emergency road has long been the goal of the Puako Community Association, which is solely funding the project. Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 3 Figures attached in Attachment 1 to this application include the following: Figure 1. Project Location Map Figure 2. Aerial View of Puako from South Figure 3. TMK Maps of Project Area Figure 4. TMK Map Showing Approximate Route Emergency Road Figure 5. Surveyor's Map of Corridor Figure 6. Existing Access Figure 7. Floral Resources Figure 8. Project Area Topographic Map Figure 9. Historical, Archeological and Cultural Resources Figure 10. Project Site Photos Attachment 2 consists of the Construction Plans; Attachment 3 of the Maintenance Plan, and Attachment 4 of the Environmental Assessment. CONSERVATION DISTRICT REQUIREMENTS Demonstrate that the proposed use is consistent with the following criteria. Refer to HAR, Section 13-5-30, to review criteria. Attach additional sheets if necessary. Is the proposed land use consistent with the purpose of the Conservation District? HAR, Section 13-5-30, specifies the following consistency criteria, which we list here, along with a discussion of the project's conformance with each. 1. The proposed land use is consistent with the purpose of the Conservation District. The intended identified use is a Public Purpose use under HAR Title 11 (see below) and is beneficial to the community and not detrimental to the environment. It is thus consistent with the objectives of the Conservation District. 2. The proposed land use is consistent with the objectives of the subzone of the land on which the use will occur. The objective of the General subzone is to designate open space where specific conservation uses may not be defined, but where urban use would be premature. Use for an emergency road does not detract from this objective. This is discussed in detail below. 3. The proposed land use complies with provisions and guidelines contained in Chapter 205A, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), entitled "Coastal Zone Management,"where applicable. The expected consistency of the project with the SMA rules is discussed in Section 3.6.4 below. As part of the Draft EA review, the Planning Department will also evaluate the SMA Assessment. The applicant expects that Planning will determine that the project is consistent with SMA objectives and will grant an SMA Minor Permit. Applicant will provide copy of Planning Department determination to DLNR as soon as it is made. 4. The proposed land use will not cause substantial adverse impact to existing natural resources within the surrounding area, community or region. Because of the relatively minor nature of the project and the lack of native terrestrial ecosystems, threatened or endangered plant species, or affected water bodies, construction and use of the project corridor for an emergency road would not adversely impact natural resources. The project is located over 300 feet from the shoreline and no effect on any coastal ecosystem will occur. The precautions for preventing any effects to water quality during construction should prevent any adverse impact on aquatic biological resources in coastal waters. Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 4 S. The proposed land use, including buildings, structures and facilities, shall be compatible with the locality and surrounding areas, appropriate to the physical conditions and capabilities of the specific parcel or parcels. The low-key, gravel emergency road will connect two existing roads in an area of residential and park uses and will be compatible with the surroundings. 6. The existing physical and environmental aspects of the land, such as natural beauty and open space characteristics, will be preserved or improved upon, whichever is applicable. Although some kiawe trees will be removed from the dense tangle of kiawe behind Puako, the project will not affect open space characteristics or natural beauty in any way. 7. Subdivision of land will not be utilized to increase the intensity of land uses in the Conservation District. Subdivision of the State land maybe necessary to create the easement, but no intensification of use will occur. 8. The proposed land use will not be materially detrimental to the public health, safety and welfare. The project is meant to enhance public safety and welfare by providing a severely needed emergency road. Is the proposed use consistent with the objectives of the subzone of the land in which the use will occur? HAR Title 11 specifies the intended uses of particular subzones. The General subzone generally is inclusive of uses specified for other subzones, and as such, the proposed use would be considered a P-6 Public Purpose Use, being an emergency transportation system undertaken by a non-governmental entity which benefits the public and is consistent with the purpose of the conservation district (HAR Section 13-5-22). This use would require a board permit. HAR Section 13-5-14 specifies: (a) The objective of this subzone is to designate open space where specific conservation uses may not be defined, but where urban use would be premature. (b) The (G) subzone shall encompass: (1) Lands with topography, soils, climate, or other related environmental factors that may not be normally adaptable or presently needed for urban, rural, or agricultural use; and (2) Land suitable for farming, flower gardening, operation of nurseries or orchards, grazing; including facilities accessory to these uses when the facilities are compatible with the natural physical environment. (c) Land uses permitted in the General (G) subzone are restricted to those listed in section 13-5-25. The objective of the general subzone is to designate open space where specific conservation uses may not be defined, but where urban use would be premature. Use for an emergency road does not detract from this objective. Does the proposed land use comply with provisions and guidelines contained in Chapter 205A, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), entitled "Coastal Zone Management," where applicable? Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 5 The project corridor is situated within the County's Special Management Area (SMA), and it is expected that the project will require an SMA Minor Penmit. During the Draft EA process, the Planning Department will review the SMA Assessment and grant the penmit, if applicable. The applicant will keep the DLNR apprised of the progress of the SMA Assessment. The proposed emergency road would not restrict any shoreline uses such as hiking, fishing or water sports. Lateral pedestrian use of the shoreline area will not be impacted and there will be no effect on the public's access to or enjoyment of this shoreline area. Viewplanes to and from the shoreline would not be affected and the road would not be visually imposing or out of character. Historic sites and cultural uses have been properly assessed. It is expected that the project will not result in any impact on the biological or economic aspects of the coastal ecosystem. The project site is not situated over any major natural drainage system or water feature that would flow into the nearby coastal system. The property contains few native plants and none that are not extremely common. Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) delineate the project corridor as Zone X, outside the floodplain. According to County of Hawaii Civil Defense, the project corridor is located within the tsunami inundation zone, but the purpose of the project is to provide evacuation capability and thus this setting is not inappropriate. In terms of beach protection, construction is over 200 feet mauka of the shoreline setback area and would not affect any beaches nor adversely affect public use and recreation of the shoreline in this area. No effects on marine or groundwater will occur, and no impacts to marine resources are expected. It is the applicant's belief that the proposed land use complies with provisions and guidelines contained in Chapter 205A, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), entitled Coastal Zone Management. The proposed use would be consistent with Chapter 205A because it would not affect public access to recreational areas, historic resources, scenic and open space resources, coastal ecosystems, economic uses, or coastal hazards. The Special Management Area Assessment process will include further examination of the conformity of the project with the SMA and the permitting needs. Describe how the proposed land use will not cause substantial adverse impact to existing natural resources within the surrounding area, community or region. The project corridor is dominated by non-native, invasive species and no threatened or endangered plants or animals would be affected. A very small anchialine pool located approximately 15 feet from the edge of the roadway would not be affected by construction or use of the unpaved, emergency-only roadway. The project would not hanm shoreline resources or access. The project corridor crosses an asphalt path leading to the Puakii Petroglyph Preserve, which is approximately a quarter mile away. An archaeological inventory survey has assured that no resources would be affected. Impacts to natural resources in the project area, community, and region, are documented in detail in the accompanying Environmental Assessment. Describe how the proposed land use, including buildings, structures and facilities, will be compatible with the locality and surrounding areas, and to the physical conditions and capabilities of the specific parcel or parcels. Conservation District Use Applicotion, Poako Emergency Road s The proposed used does not include the construction of any buildings or facilities, only alow- key, gravel-surfaced roadway. Describe how the existing physical and environmental aspects of the land, such as natural beauty and open space characteristics, will be preserved or improved upon. The project corridor passes through a dense kiawe forest, and this portion of the corridor will not be visible away from the project site. The southern portion of the project corridor passes through an open lava field. This portion of the project will be consistent in color with its surroundings. Section 3.1.4 of the accompanying Environmental Assessment discusses impacts upon scenic resources. If applicable, describe how subdivision of land will not be utilized to increase the intensity of land uses in the Conservation District. Creation of the easement for the emergency access road may require subdivision, but the project would not increase the intensity of land use in the Conservation District because the roadway would only be used in an emergency. Describe how the proposed land use will not be materially detrimental to the public health, safety and welfare. The proposed use would provide an emergency evacuation roadway that could potentially be of substantial benefit to the public health, safety, and welfare, in the event of a natural disaster that would precipitate its use. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Articles IX and XII of the State Constitution, other state laws, and the courts of the State require government agencies to promote and preserve cultural beliefs, practices, and resources of native Hawaiians and other ethnic groups. The Department of Health (DOH), Chapter 343, also requires an Environmental Assessment (EA) of cultural resources in determining the significance of a proposed project. If applicable, please provide the identity and scope of "valued cultural, historical and natural resources" in which traditional and customary native Hawaiian rights are exercised in the area. As part of the Environmental Assessment (Section 3.2.2) an effort was made to obtain information about any potential traditional cultural properties and associated practices in and around the project corridor. The Office of Hawaiian Affairs and the South Kohala Hawaiian Civic Club were contacted but had no information relative to the existence of traditional cultural properties in the immediate vicinity of the current project area; nor did they provide any information indicating current use of the area for traditional and customary practices. Similarly, consultation with neighboring landowners and information from the community association did not indicate any resources or activities occurring in the affected area. In the broader area, shoreline uses including fishing, gathering, and surfing are culturally important ongoing activities. These activities do not occur in or near the project corridor and would not be affected by the project. Another important activity is viewing the petroglyphs that are accessed by the Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 7 asphalt park path from Holoholo Kai Beach Park, which is crossed by the proposed emergency road. No effects to this activity would occur. Identify the extent to which those resources, including traditional and customary native Hawaiian rights, will be affected or impaired by the proposed action. No cultural resources or practices appear to be present within the less than half an acre of kiawe forest that will be occupied by the road corridor, as it is away from the shoreline in an area of no cultural resources. The project will not affect the petroglyph field or access to it in any way. It is reasonable to conclude that based upon the apparent lack of resources and uses, the exercise of native Hawaiian rights related to gathering, access, or other customary activities will not be affected, and there will be no adverse effect upon cultural practices or beliefs. What feasible action, if any, could be taken by the Board of Land and Natural Resources in regards to your application to reasonably protect native Hawaiian rights? As it does not appear that the project will affect native Hawaiian rights, including traditional cultural properties, and traditional and customary native Hawaiian rights, it does not appear that the Board of Land and Natural Resources would need to take relevant action to protect these rights, with respect to the proposed action. Does the proposed land use have an effect (positive/negative) on public access to and along the shoreline or along any public trail? As the emergency roadway will be gated to motor vehicles during normal periods, and is located at least several hundred feet from the shoreline away from any trails, it does not appear that the project will affect public access to and along the shoreline. Does the proposed use have an effect (positive/negative) on beach processes? The project would be located at least several hundred feet from the shoreline and would therefore have no effect on beach processes. Will the proposed use cause increased runoff or sedimentation? Roadway construction phase impacts have the potential to produce polluted storm water runoff. However, this potential will be mitigated by implementation of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) by the contractor. Because the roadway will be constructed of a permeable and stabilized surface there will be no long-term potential for increased runoff or sedimentation. Section 3.1.2 of the accompanying Environmental Assessment discusses water quality impacts of the project and their mitigation. Will the proposed use cause any visual impact on any individual or community? While nearby shoreline areas are noted for their particular natural beauty in the County of Hawaii General Plan, the project corridor will not be visible from these areas, as it will be screened from view by intervening vegetation and structures. Section 3.1.4 of the accompanying Environmental Assessment discusses visual impacts of the project upon its surroundings. Conservation District Use Application, Pualco Emergency Road Existing Site Information Are there existing structures on the parcel? _Yes X No If yes, please describe below and include/illustrate on a map entitled existing structures. Will any existing structures be demolished or removed? _Yes X No If yes, describe how below. Please indicate/illustrate demolished structure on a map entitled structures to be demolished/removed. n/a Has the parcel been graded or landscaped? X Yes _No If yes, describe below. Please describe cubic yards affected and/or area of landscaping on a map entitled areas previously graded or landscaped. The northern segment of the project corridor (i.e., on parcel TMK 6-9-006:051) had apparently been bulldozed at some time in the past, as noted in the Archaeological Inventory Survey (Attachment 4, Environmental Assessment, Puakii Emergency Road, Appendix 3). Describe existing utilities. Include electricity, water, telephone, drainage, and sewerage. Please illustrate on a map entitled existing utilities. Utilities, including electricity, water, telephone, drainage, and sewerage, are neither required by the project, nor will they be affected by the project. Describe existing access. Illustrate and include roadways and public trails on a map entitled existing access. Give major street names if available. The purpose of the proposed action is to connect two roadways: Puako Beach Road and Holoholo Kai Beach Park Access Road. The project corridor will cross, but not obstruct, the asphalt foot path that leads to the Puako Petroglyph Archaeological District. A shoreline trail about 300 feet away would also not be affected. Describe Flora and Fauna. Illustrate general location and types of flora and fauna on a map entitled resources. Indicate if rare or endangered native plants and/or animals are present. The plant species of the project corridor were surveyed and no listed, candidate, or proposed endangered plant species were found or would be expected to be found on the project corridor. In terms of conservation value no, botanical resources requiring special protection are present. The project corridor is dominated by non-native species, predominantly kiawe (Prosopis pallida) although two indigenous species were detected, including `ilima (Sida Fallax). Birds in the project corridor are overwhelmingly alien, and no threatened or endangered species would likely be present. Little is known about the roosting sites of the endangered Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus), which is often found in alien as well as native vegetation Conservation District Use Application. Puako Emergency Road 9 in a variety of locations throughout the island of Hawaii. Hawaiian Hoary Bats are unlikely to utilize the kiawe trees found on the project corridor for roosting, although they may fly over the site and forage in the area. It is unlikely that construction of the project would likely pose any impact to any threatened or endangered birds or to Hawaiian Hoary Bats. Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems are discussed in depth in Section 3.2.2 of the accompanying Environmental Assessment. Describe topography and submit a map entitled topography. If ocean area, give depths. Submit detailed contour maps for ocean area and areas where slopes are 20% or more. Contour maps will also be required for uses involving tall structures, gravity flow and other special cases. Topography of the project area is shown in Figure 8. If shoreline area, describe shoreline and surrounding area. Indicate and illustrate if shoreline is sandy, muddy, rocky, cliffs, reefs, or other features (such as access to shoreline) on a map entitled coastal resources. A current shoreline certification is required for uses that may affect shoreline resources. The project corridor is located several hundred feet from the shoreline and does not affect it. If shoreline area, describe and illustrate any coastal hazards such as erosion, flooding, tsunami, etc. Attach any relevant maps delineating the hazard zone (FEMA, FIRM maps). The project corridor is not located in a flood zone or near the shoreline area. Describe existing covenants, easements, and restrictions. If State owned land, indicate present encumbrances. Parcel TMK (3'~) 6-9-001:017 is State-owned land leased to the Mauna Lani Resort. There are no known covenants, easements, or restrictions on the two project parcels. Identify any historic, archeological or cultural sites within or near the parcel. Please submit or include any current management plan. If applicable, indicate location(s) on a map entitled historical, archaeological, and cultural resources and describe below. An archaeological inventory survey is included as Appendix 3 of the accompanying Environmental Assessment. Figure 9 of this application shows the location of inventoried sites near the project corridor. The archaeologists surveyed a 30-meter corridor following the centerline of the surveyed road corridor. The archaeologists identified one archaeological feature, Site 26258, within their study corridor, a 30-meter corridor following the centerline of the surveyed road corridor. Site 26258 is 25-meter long trail segment that runs in a northeasterly/southwesterly direction across an `a`a flow between the Holoholo Kai Beach Park road and the paved pathway leading to the Puako petroglyph field. This trail is a barely discernable pathway that has been cleared of larger `a`a cobbles, leaving an `a`a clinker trail of small cobbles and gravels that is darker in appearance than the surrounding natural flow. Holoholo Kai Beach Park Road crosses this trail, and the trail Conservation District Use Appiication, Pnako Emergency Road 10 does not appear to continue beyond the paved petroglyph pathway. This site has been determined to be no longer archaeologically significant and thus the emergency road will not adversely affect any significant historic sites. Adjacent Property Owners Please list all adjacent property owners. If no address is available indicate north, south, east and west or mauka, makai or other common county directionals. TMK: 6-9-006:035 Legal Name: VanDamme. Marv S Trust Street Address: 69-1917 Puako Beach Drive City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to far north-west corner of parce16-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:036 Legal Name: (1) Pachecho Condominium. (2) Bumpus. Sarah Elizabeth 8 (3) Arf Cat LLC Street Address: (1) 69-1921 Puako Road City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: (2) 13 Mahae St.. Makawao H4 96768. (3~ Arf Cat LLC: c/o Howell. Lynn & Anne. 2819 Franklin Ave East. Seattle WA 98102 City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to far north-west comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:037 Legal Name: (1) 141 Puako Beach Drive. (2) Eitel. Stephen P. (3) Barbara and Thomas Nalls Street Address: (1) 69-1927 Puako Beach Drive. Kamuela HI 96743. (2)141A Puako Beach Drive, Kamuela HI 96743. (3) 5406 Albia Rd. Bethesda MD 20816 City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to far north-west comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:038 Legal Name:_ (1) Goldbart. Stephen ; (2) Condev-Kaplan, Family Trust: (31 Hale Lea (4) Frankel- Goldbart, Estelle (5) Condey, Andrew/Kaplan, Jane. Trust (6) Duhan, Adam Street Address: 69-1931 Puako Road City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address:l1) 8 (2) 8 Edgecroft Road. Kensington CA 94707 (3,j c/o Goldbart. 1496 Solano Ave. Albany CA 94706 (4), (5) 8~ (6) 143 Puako Beach Road, Kamuela HI 96743 City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to far north-west corner of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:039 Legal Name: (1) 145 Puako Beach Dr. Condo Master (2) Copeland, James HIII/Curtin Dennis PO Box 1701. Los Gatos CA 95031 Street Address: 145 Puako Beach Drive City, State and Zip code: Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 11 Mailing Address: (1) 145 Puako Beach Drive. Kamuela HI 96743 l2) PO Box 1701. Los Gatos CA 95031 City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to far north-west comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:040 Legal Name: Abbott Catherine Lilac Jewel 8~ Smith Ruthanne Rose Street Address: 1939 Puako Beach Drive City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: 29 Hvde St. Redwood Citv CA 94062 City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to far north-west comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:041 Legal Name: j1) Daumit, Catherine F.. 8~ Beckvold. Laura C. (2) Heacock. James Frank Trust 8~ Pfau Robert Franz Trust Street Address: 69-1943 Puako Road 149 A Puako Beach Road 1498 Puak3 Beach Road City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: (1) PO Box 1536. Kamuela HI 96743 (2) 1498 Puako Beach Drive. Kamuela H 196743 City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to far north-west comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:042 Legal Name: Fenton. Theresa A.. & Lodge. Mark S. Street Address: 69-1947 Puakc3 Beach Road City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: 69-1947 Puako Beach Dr City, State and Zip: Kamuela HI 96743 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to north-west comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:043 Legal Name: DeSilva. Gail Y Trust Street Address: 69-1951 Puako Beach Drive City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: PO Box 2904 City, State and Zip: Kailua-Kona HI 96745 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to northem comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:044 Legal Name: O'Riordan Holly Trust Street Address: 69-1955 Puako Beach Road City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: 69-1955 Puakb Beach Road City, State and Zip: Kamuela HI 96743 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to northem comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 12 TMK: 6-9-006:045 Legal Name: Newbury. Ednabil P. and Guy A. Street Address: 69-1959 Puako Beach Road City, State and Zip code: Kamuela. H196747 Mailing Address: 155 Puako Beach Road City, State and Zip: Kamuela HI 96743 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adiacent to northem corner of ~arce16-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:046 Legal Name: 159 Puako Beach Drive -Condo Master. (2) Stoltz, Richard Band Scott W~ Street Address: 69-1963 A Puako Beach Drive City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: 159 Puako Beach Drive City, State and Zip: Kamuela HI 96743 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adiacent to northern corner of aarcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:047 Legal Name: (11 Puako Retreat. Condo Master (2~ Okuno. Dale Street Address: 69-1967 Puako Beach Road City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: 918 E Green Street Pasadena CA 91106 City, State and Zip: Pasadena CA 91106 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adiacent to northern comer of aarcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:048 Legal Name: Street Address: City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: TMK: 6-9-006:049 Legal Name: Okuno. Dale Street Address: 69-1971 Puako Beach Drive City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: 918 E Green St. City, State and Zip: Pasadena CA 91106 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adiacent to northern corner of aarcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-006:050 Legal Name: State of Hawaii Street Address: 69-1979 Puako Beach Drive City, State and Zip code: Kamuela HI 96743 Mailing Address: n/a City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to northern corner of oarcel 6-9-001:017 Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 13 TMK: 6-9-006:053 Legal Name: State of Hawaii Street Address: n/a City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: n/a City, State and Zip: Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adjacent to northern comer of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-001:015 Legal Name: (1) State of Hawai`I (2) Spiegel Richard Street Address: n/a City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: 46-4013 Puaono Road City, State and Zip: Honokaa HI 96727 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Adiacent to north side of parcel 6-9-001:017 TMK: 6-9-001:026 Legal Name: George Zimmer 1988 Trust Street Address: n/a City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: 40650 Encvclopedia Circle City, State and Zip: Fremont CA 94538 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Near end of Puako Beach Road TMK: 6-9-001:027 Legal Name: George Zimmer 1988 Trust Street Address: n/a City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: 40650 Encyclopedia Circle City, State and Zip: Fremont CA 94538 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Near end of Puako Beach Road TMK: 6-9-001:028 Legal Name: Nani Paniau Homeowners Association Street Address: n/a City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: 65-1227A Opelo Road Ste 1 City, State and Zip: Kamuela HI 96743 Phone No.: Location to TMK: Paniau Beach access road at end of Puako Beach Road TMK: 6-8-001:022 Legal Name: Pauoa Bav Properties LLC Street Address: n/a City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: c/o Colonv PB Partners. Thomas Harrison, 1999 Avenue of the Stars City, State and Zip: Los Anoeles. CA 90067 Phone No.: Location to TMK: South of 6-9-001:017 Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 14 TMK: 6-8-022:008 Legal Name: WB-LCP Orchid Owner Street Address: 68-1200 N Kaniku Drive City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: 430 W Erie St. Ste 501 City, State and Zip: Chicago IL 60610 Phone No.: Location to TMK: South of 6-9-001_;017, Holoholokai Beach Park Road TMK: 6-8-022:042 Legal Name: Mauna Lani Resort (Operations) Street Address: n/a City, State and Zip code: Mailing Address: 68-1400 Mauna Lani Drive #102 City, State and Zip: Kamuela HI 96743 Phone No.: Location to TMK: South of 6-9-001:017 Conservation District Use Application, Puako Emergency Road 15 CERTIFICATION I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT I HAVE READ THIS COMPLETED APPLICATION AND THAT, TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE, THE tNFORMATKMt IN THIS APPLICATION AND ALL ATTACHMENTS AND EXHIBITS IS COMPLETE AND CORRECT. 1 UNDERSTAND THAT THE FAILURE TO PROVIDE ANY REQUESTED INFORMATION OR MISSTATEMENTS SUBMITTED HV SUPPORT OF THE APPLICATION SHALL BE GROUNDS FOR EITHER REFUSING TO ACCEPT THIS APPLICATION, FOR DENYING THE PERMIT, FOR SUSPENDING OR REVOKING A PERMIT ISSUED ON THE BASIS OF SUCH MtSREPRESENTATK?NS, OR FOR SEEKING OF SUCH FURTHER RELIEF AS MAY SEEM PROPER TO THE LAND BOARD. t HEREBY AUTHORIZE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE DEPARTtiAENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES TO CONDUCT SITE INSPECTIONS ON MY OR MY CLIENTS PROPERTY. UNLESS ARRANGED OTHERWISE, THESE SITE INSPECTIONS SHALL TAKE PLACE BETWEEN THE HOURS OF 8:00 A.M: AND4:30- P.M: ~~ SYgneture ofAutho~zedAger-t(s) orKno agre-rt. sfgnsture OfAppNCaM AUTHORIZATION OF AQ~ENT I HEREBYAUTHORtZE_ N l ~RR~ TOACTAS MY REPRESENTATIVE AND TO BIND ME IN ALL. MATTERS CONCERNING. THIS APPLICATION. ~I TTACHIVIENT' 1 DAPS ~41VD PH®T®S .' •p • ~ ` ~pp~l hfookiei HCIiY~ ~~ _„~5~~ K~cham•h•~l Bhehpl•e•~ .jy" 1 ' ~zti ' \ / us L~pi1c•h15.N.P.- ~ ~p f7 ~ ri• 1u'"~~ f?, ~ Jp , ~a~.r~ `Y~ ~ ri ;fir--;- f • , t pUUKOaOLAH[UWN.N 'H'~.,.F~ '^"~YY~" ~, ~ ~ j ! iC~ yak _. -. '' -----._~.w_...._._,_.._._ ~ kT'~crtfi:-r7.fa .____~-~Pokn~ h_,..': f_'~'1~ O•k1°" ._~ ... _.-- t'- - ----- ----- -- 16° ~ is ~W~-"&°!°°~~1N~4' ~ "'y i+~ ~ i i ~ x-7 b o+o,Ndioniaae { ~. j 1 •! ~xrfxx~xt ~'u, P!ir*DtwP~.,.~ r 1 ~ w ~ ~ ' ,/ - Kwpukh:J~,,pv ,, t~~.srh'V''~,~t~~ ~~~ ~ - j,. Vd`~'s " #~~ 1 Pamt/ `~~ .~(~ ,il~ {•r~ ~. ~ }~ul'/MN `~7 `ti' ~ 1! k ~. A.~ Y9 \ I ~i ~ j ~" ~:Hw~urRauh :~, •} kQ_ ~ < ~'~ioeaK`oAdj(fuarg ~`_ Q ~~,A~~ KaWnoxaNaKaN.+aN.xP" n~'ki ~ ;;~~x~s = R+ad+atiaCi~s.~`~ t tbsohobau5eedem•ae. ' ~ yN9}e ~,; •' _ -x '' t~ .. i~ll~ / ~ aod~ K,a~iui` \ ~4+ ~ n uw . wn~'Hedia ~Ktdoo4v~ , ~ XaWe/b~a 4 ~ ,Pcu ltAau ~ ~ Kukui• i ,' _. n' uas i•s~ _ Ke•ahou tblu• i, - t AA7Nu`OS ~ ~p+, ~~_„ri~ ' ^G~, u•\• Codk t~ ~. ~3Ae1 +Kuiatd N 4, '~~ - - _._- _ -. ~__. _.. tJ_ _ GPU1n Cook9 hlon !&9aa_ .._..- Ma~+~.HAWNI VOLt A~_IQES ~ .' f'•. ~''~ }.,~"' -"ten,-~ n9i" ~. ~ ,.. . PUUHpNUAONON#UNAU NIlP~°~~ry ~;„' Cpx i ~~~~, ~t Kadda~ s ~ i ~CrirAP•a[itfcax~tla v ~ M C~ a65' f I 1`. .. ~ ,114493•~1KdwH L6 ~4, ~"`y U,~ ~ :. WtduwPant. ' . ~C" f. ,yw~~•~~~ ~:,~* ~ Her. rum' ltd '"`~ ~ ' xQ„p / ;~n~..'. . ~J xiaF'A1AaCa'ac -.~ ~ '{ y i~~s~ '~~11t~ 'a~o'"^°~-~3^~-~` ~~ttP4t ` `°b~ ;`.; f v' ~` ~PwoKmlm'- ,~~yi~~+ hKpe•Raiu' . • ~ ~=," .. ~ ,` ,"° ::.~~':4u. 1?ti•~ ~~.'~',~...,irttrh'.°p~.~ ~tlrz.'_jta i=., ~ ". ' ,_ ~ _. .. :.~s::= _ ~.~ ,, tuw.pawse•x~~ h~.. ;~ U ~ ~ ' io° Figure 1-Project Location Map .> . s. 4+~ `~ . L'~ .. M.. aa, ' S.y,ka .~ ~~~~ ~ ~ ,' ~ t Yti.t ~ t ~ ~ .. ~. .i- ~ ~ ~-. ~+'._ '~ R ~ ~ .Y :. s{ A .. D'\, rC rM~'. :~ y~~ .. i. a t ~ ~~< ttfi~~~ "~l }~ ri~ ±v ~, ~ 's ,'1- H ,( `~ r iq.^r ~'1 a~. i.~ ~ n-.. Figure 2 -Aerial View of PuakB from South 14 /~ i J v ~ ~ '< ' • ~~ ~~ ~ 1" 1 ' .~ ~ •j'1 y a . _ ~ ^~ , ~ ~ ~ 4 "1 n• ~jy,Y o = ti ~ ~ s ~: •• • i. `` a ~ ~ ~ ' ` 2 ~! ~ :l i j7 ~ < ® ~ j ~ [PP`f[e fs$ h Y s , 1 _~ ~:` i } ~~ f`~'~, ~~ ~ ~ ~tl . ~_ , ., • - ~. ~ ~ _~, ,* , i`~ r ~-~ '{ ~ I x'' r t vi . ~. ~. n ~ `~/' f :~ i~ a ~ ~` ) y ~{ ~~ ~. J .,, ~. ~ h ~ f } ~~ J~ In ~i ,l~ ~// it °'~, ~ .d Figure 3a - TMK Map of Project Area: Plat 6-9-O1 .. ~~s`..i i P,t6. Ot~ `~ S z _~ x ~~r.p' ,, r.s q~~,r\i.~ ~} Y 35~3a~ ~~~ i n t _ 11111 rr~ ' \'~ f 'ill: ~ ,YtS '4i ~ ~~ i 'j ~ } ~~f-: ` h~ is 4 t`° ec ~ f•_ f r ~t}o i ~ s s:? j ti '- a 's $4 s ti , t: tj~:~ : ~1,i i ~ a o ~ ~~~ ~~~1 ~ ~~` 2 3 t ~ ` 6a -~ Q 5.. ®~ ~ ~a 1qg f ~~~'' jl;,t ~;It v;i Z $p i ea ~~~ !L 1 ~~~~~~ t~ °; ` Q ~i L •a ~ ~ 1 ~,' i' t ,. A ~4 j ~ R ~_ jyy $~ P ~, ~y~ !~ ` `• IRe•p ~~ i~ i~ ~'~ q `\L ~- t • g i s~ i `Z<. bb ~ ~i _ ~~ {t ~ ~ s ~~. ~, ~ ~`.~ ~ s ~~ -,.~ o v s t'i ~~ ~ ~ 1 E, .. ~ o ;, .r 4 't S q i ~. ~ Figure 4b - TMK Map of Project Area: Plat 6-9-06 ~ pii . ~yre~ ® PUako Nwm _ ~~ ~ L Park d A . ~,ia~. s ~PtOpOSeQ Puak® Park Road Emergency 4<7 qe• ~, f ~ ttoad ~-~ M 1~ ~ ~ i ~ ` * f 9404 Fe~9 ~ `. 0 Mau LanipResc~'r' ° ~ ~ 1^'; , . ~ %`~ ~~ }i` 9~~K ~ ~r st~• a .'~ . Figure 5 - TMK Map Showing Approximate Route of Emergency Road SURVEY OF CENTERLINE OF TRAIL MAP SHOWING TRAIL EASEMENT UPON A Portion of lo! No. 4 of Government Lands of Latamita ]TMK (3} 6-9-X6:051] And Lot B ['1'MK {3} 6-9-X1:017] At Lalamilo, Waimea, District of Soutfi Kohala, Island, County and State of Hawaii !:art 3:iu~t`~~ TbiK t3) 69-001 ~OW TT.QO!<iSq. FL I \\ I `~ ~~/ a.otEs q tea ds+sos dn~ Esewse b o; op~b ka sect Om Iermaa twaan, era Hoed a9 oeee- a0 4f aOOaYMery alonenaaO 6 ararOrena Mreemro»br pwaeraaaafMa ygeo. bnaRmunm. Ye~n/reaon omebaeaa Man acme wv4pakmed an Or paetat m Sow" n'bvEEt 1001. ~~ ~~~ CfiNT6ii t1i6 MO4dWtENTS OiF PWKO ~aGttYt16E /,i :~ m T MX o t3) 69-001:047 ~, raeoosact Y~ ~ / ^3 / KOTE: A11AIKilE PdNT3A1~SET `RC NAfl8 ea+tes9 ontavv9se awTea ' O• ISO/ '/ _ ~ •'. ~ ~ 954" ~..~/r''~t4'9o' us aa• htOiONOLOKAI BEACN PARK c~F Zw ~- ~N o f^, b °f~ ~~'Id .l mb/t „ d(N M ~o ~'. f~ TR[;E 1~ORTH srwt.e ace c~ce cyn.es ea.ao rest 6npnhat SCUD d W real au Q U Q +u m Y 3 rr fl T HO. 4-A f. Sp. tt $ I ~~ o LOT NO. 4 Slste dJfe9eaes (OraaerJ 1.063 Apes r o' ~. 96187A' N ..+ 90.00' / 4 ~e rsa'Sa' ~ 1t.9T / 7.153.)2 feet SOU09 9.259.73 Met 1V6t ~ ~,jS°p RN. VUWCO` ~ ---- POINT QV LINE 7,266.55 feet saulfi 9.424.25 feet \Ntlt ae+. -P,xKO-n l0T 8 AR1tY10 ~RBa0et InF State d Mawa~ (OFrt9ers) SSO.QSB/OCrets -CENTERLINE OF TRAIL EASEMENT t, iMnaG P~ Oo aamlmtOY Oat tle awes aiOPYro~n anD po0e0 Oem9 ~ onamea 4 aaaegar atlo as aad ~ Tnnu taun rq,Y ~ ~Aq e 7,721.63 few SaWh 56 $ A mows a varstuxt ~anw y Pq~ rOCr' ~ ~~ ~~ e areee t .UO Na TIIO Rn00l~ ~'" '~ PATTISON LAND SURVIVING. tNC. ;,;,'.; ;;,,,,;~;,;,`;„,;;;;,,,,; Figure 6 -Surveyor's Map of Corridor Figure 7 -Access Figure 8 -Floral Resources Rc.os~a 1 ~ m ~ k a I l.. ~ ~ ~ ~ Roa~s° ~ i> ~ .._..__. ~_ .__ ___. ~ ~ . ~s: __..........-__. .._. __.__ ~ ____ ~ . I ~ vay ~ ~ a j ~ j Ohar PL 7~1 a,~, I i ~ ~ ` ~~. : P4., ~ t3C5" , ~ ~~ i ; ~ko u , , ,~, a _ x __ '. ~F o s I as l.otlocm~aer ~+ r ~ ~ 3 ~?' SUC f y t+'; 'RkEC~B(7 its.. f . Rac!s ~ '"~ i a Pppf! Wa m ,~ r ~, i ~ . • .. ` ,~ ~ . , .. -tc, t •' -- 1 f ~.: P d /~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ ~ ~ i,-~ ~~ ~~ ... f ....._.. 9'i"'~"^__.__ ~., ~. . ......__~ "'TJ -ter-` . j ....., _ . + ~. f k ~ Papzfana~ra sextaxi: V" ~ ~ \ .._~ ~ V ~ / Q ~ ~ ~ f ~ ~~ ZS S: ~\ C ~O :~:• ~ \ V',t l _. ___ / ~. ~ _ ~~ 1 ~ ~ ~ E _ ( \ ~~ ~~_ ~Y \ ice) ~ -. I ~ . C Project aces location (portion of U.S.G.3 ?.S mirmte Pw fTinei gtrdrangleY 1497)_ Figure 9 -Project Area Topographic Map ReiYsl / Deb 70 rM WNV~R r a~~wlam ~ Ii` glJb M /wfml ~a~ma v nr eomi ar. o c`~ ~°~' 6 ~ ?p 1YY~ } ~ ~ Xo 1131}{ yAwAII, IFSM ~ ~/74AOA Finn name and addreax rrr AIL Dreg Fl. uc n-arAe c e.wr. R~} IliWOO N Amm pdnlr~Msirtmn (~~ (IGQ ml-tlli Pa 80.TFENCE ~_ ! ~ Fluor F7lRC ~-. eo-,~ RdJ3. use sEwES aR ~ RNm; To aucx ~ /~ ~- FABRC 10 ~ K EASE SaSe Y1Q'F 1 ~ NIE A9iC aR BONIWFM RYA ~ EONVNflQ ~ ~ POIO Nor SET FS]fR ~~ FA91C IIRO 8OL 2 x x eAC~u No op~ACr RIE EROa~tm FIgT Bp ~ W TAFAIGI Nor OR Bmx Sm6 OT F61ER FEOCE FA&SC I .. ~ ~~ WL ~ ~7~IB~„ ~ XT. SIB iE ~PO~ I (a ~:. ~+ SRT F4R'E TO ~ 116FAI1ED AND YlIRN1ED 8Y CONIPolC1O11 YM BESI IIYIMmA1EM PRACIICFS (BYP) YAIeML -, .FOR COIGGImICIIaO N HORd1LU, OUPIER $ ~ fdi EAO9m1 Alm SEDORIiWla1 CpOlml. ESOSa f ~ SILT FENCE OETAII Roanar: ~ 1+• .« d• .+ ®~ i . % w,,,r , ""'.,~~ .~ - ... ... 1 ,.,.,~ I ~, i .-•~ ~ ^ ,~. i o ~. ~ ~ ~ P % ~ ~~ `^~~~/,p, i ~ tl J p \I ~ U \\ /lff {v _ fMMIVL V IW ~`\• \\\ , 4 ~ p y \ lll ~~~p~p~ppyy~P~~ ! ~/ ~ /l~~ I ~IIrrM LW ~~ •~~ ~ ~ r~_L ~ ~~ ~C\ :~ /•r` i, i e~ f /~ ~~ , ~aw+n•n+a•x .••••.••• ,~ecr B 19 Ot .~~,ae,rr ~~, A MNd1 IIYR. n a n 0 0 0 I c ~ ~ I LL m 0 $~ 0 Z n Q o ~ J °a •• ~'~ a~O } ~ _ U ~~Ol ~_~ t ~~ ~w~ Q Y v ~' j y c,a~~~ er a noe ~ !! i•r Os 11` ~ OilYe R Ik xr. r..n ~.er. ~ ~o.~..+ r~ ~~ DO a ~ rr ATTAC~,IIVIENT 2 CONSTRUCTION PLANS Top: E~ shalt Trail Figure 11 -Project Site Photos ~~ •v ~ t0 20 -~c~ Scale in rtaMen ~ +~' TMK:3-6-I-06:51 por. _%~ r ~1 -~`~-_ Surveil corridor ~. , `. i Pcu+cel botwiuy i lldfucd - - 1_itnit~c of RulldnrSng I ~- Modem rock wall ~ - / _~•-: •~ 'i i Paniuo Parcel ~ Gran: No.10599 ~ '1'MK: 3-6-9-01:27 ~ i i i i i 'PMK: 3-(i-9-Ol : 1? pur. i i pnzposed nrad centerline ~. ,'`~•..,'' r ~ Anchaline Pond ~~~~~~~ 13ulidoxecl f •= -~` ~ ['rail to 1'uako . ~ '' 1 lxtroglyph 6elii `~ ~ :4'ci flow. ~ ti ~°~ ,,- ~. .~ Figure 10 -Historical, Archeological and Cultural Resources ia! ~~ ~~oee teo~ E4~ iH ''ma~wv sod ~ Ri; r~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m ~_ ~~ (aod) HBO ~ soo - s - s aNd (aod) coo ~ t00 - s - s (£) AWL ~ ~ ~ ^°n i ~ _~ ~~~e ~, ~ ~ ~ 3. o ~ ~~ g~ 44021 ~lON3J?l3W3 OHdfld ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ V ~rl~~@ • ~ o ~~ ~ S310N ~ bl`da ~Inl~ ~ ~ ~ ! e ~ a~ . m r ~ ! ! - ~ s~ ~~ -- ^ ,,_ a yC~ ~ ~¢ ~ CBCB i ~ a ~ + ~ ~ ~ ~~a ~~ Z ~ ~ ~ ~3 ~ Q ~ ~ ~tl ~ angg3 ~ _ i R - ~ - - ~ - - - - - ~ -- 6 * -- ~ -- - --- -- r a~ ~~~~~ ~~ ~~ a ~~ E~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~6 ~~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~ ~ $~ ~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~~~ a y~e ~ ~ g ~ pp~~~~r ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~~:~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~ ~~~ ~ ~~ ~ iRa ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~ a ~~ ~e ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~a ~ ra 6 ~ j~~ N A W6 ^ + ^~ ~ ~ ~~~~ ip ~ ~~R ~~~~ ~QQ~ ~~ ~SQ W s~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~~ ®®~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~i ~ ~~W ~ ! 6l3a ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ 3 ~ a ~~ ~ $ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~~ t ~ ~~~ ~ ~ W ~ ~ ~ z ~ a~~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ s ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ N a s r I 1° J m V c3 ~ ~~~ ~€~~ ~~~ 5 •a~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~~~ o ~~ . ~ ~~ ~~W~~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~ ~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~ oC ~~ ~ ~~ a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~a~ a ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~ ~ e ~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~ ~ ~~~~~ oa~~ ~E ~~ ~~6~ w e r r w d r e e 1tl ~ W ~~~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~1 ~ I~~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~ ! ~ ~~~ ~~ ~ ~6 ~ ~ ~~~ e E ~ ~ m p ~~ ~ ~ ~ ®~ ~ N a~ s ~ a _ ~ e M~ ~~ ~~ r e~ ~ ~ ~ ~ E~ a.:_rmrlli~.aree l+rerrrr~ c ~, ~ ~` bap ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ a ^ ~~ a ! ~ 45 ~a r~ ~~~ ~~ ~e~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ g y~ s ~ ~~ 8 ~ ~ e~ ~~~ ~~ s~ ~ ~ ~~ ~[~ ~~~Ii1~1921~1r~~~~~9~5~~~~6~~ + ~ ~~ ! ~a E~a tEg ~~ a ~12~ ~ ~ ~~ $ ~ ~~ ~ ee ~ ~ s~~~ a ~~~_ ~ ~ 1rra1r1a.d8sir:r~rrs~r5Y9rr~0a 6 Cm7 ~ N d • 4 d w • d d M d • d d ATTACHMENT 3 MAINTENANCE PL~4N The roughly 200-yard long, gated gravel road will be maintained by the Puako Community Association (PCA) as part of their comprehensive fire safety measures for firebreaks and emergency escape routes. A contractor (the current contractor is Pacific Island Tree Service) will perform a bi-monthly inspection in company with PCA's Community Safety Committee. The walk-through inspection will look for and remove new vegetative growth, keeping the road driveable. All material removed would be properly disposed of in a greenwaste facility. The results of each visit will be recorded in a written report to the PCA. ATTACHMENT 4 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (CONTAINED UNDER SEPARATE COVER) DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PUAKO EMERGENCY ROAD TMKs (3rd): 6-9-001:017 (por.} and 6-9-006:051 (por.) Fuako, South Kohala District, County of Hawaii, State of Hawaii Apri12008 Prepared for: State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands 1151 Punchbowl Street, Room 131 Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PIJAKO EMERGENCY ROAD TMKs (3rd): 6-9-001:017 (por.) and 6-9-006:051 (por.) Puako, South Kohala District, County of Hawaii, State of Hawaii APPLICANT: Puako Community Association P.O. Box 44345 Kawaihae, Hawaii 96743 APPROVING AGENCY: State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands 1151 Punchbowl Street, Room 131 Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 CONSULTANT: Geometrician Associates LLC P.O. Box 396 Hilo, Hawaii 96721 CLASS OF ACTION: Use of State Lands Action in the Conservation District This document is prepared pursuant to: The Hawaii Environmental Policy Act, Chapter 343, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), and Title 11, Chapter 200, Hawaii Department of Health Administrative Rules (HAR). TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... PART 1: PROJECT DESCRIPTION, PURPOSE AND NEED AND E.A. PROCESS ............. 1.1 Project Description, Location, and Purpose and Need ................................................ 1.2 Environmental Assessment Process ............................................................................ 1.3 Public Involvement and Agency Coordination ........................................................... 1.4 Cost and Schedule ...................................................................................................... PART 2: ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................................... 2.1 No Action Alternative .................................................................................................. 2.2 Alternative Locations and Strategies .......................................................................... PART 3: ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION ........................... 3.1 Physical Environment .................................................................................................. 3.1.1 Geology, Soils and Geologic Hazard .............................................................. 3.1.2 Drainage, Water Features and Water Quality ................................................. 3.1.3 Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems ........................................................................ 3.1.4 Air Quality, Noise and Scenic Resources ....................................................... 3.1.5 Hazardous Substances, Toxic Waste and Hazardous Conditions ................... 3.2 Socioeconomic and Cultural ....................................................................................... 3.2.1 Socioeconomic Characteristics ....................................................................... 3.2.2 Cultural and Historic Resources ................................................................... 3.3 Infrastructure ............................................................................................................... 3.3.1 Utilities .......................................................................................................... 3.3.2 Roadways ........................................................................................................ 3.4 Secondary and Cumulative Impacts ............................................................................. 3.5 Required Permits and Approvals ................................................................................. 3.6 Consistency with Government Plans and Policies ....................................................... 3.6.1 Hawaii State Plan .......................................................................................... 3.6.2 Hawaii County General Plan and Zoning .................................................... 3.6.3 Hawaii State Land Use Law ......................................................................... 3.6.4 Special Management Area ............................................................................. PART 4: ANTICIPATED DETERMINATION ......................................................................... PART 5: FINDINGS AND REASONS ...................................................................................... REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................ LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1 Plant Species Detected on Puako Emergency Road Corridor ..................................... TABLE 2 Selected Socioeconomic Characteristics ...................................................................... LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1 Project Location Map ................................................................................................. FIGURE 2 October 28, 2007 Wildfire Photograph ....................................................................... FIGURE 3 Project TMK Map ....................................................................................................... FIGURE 4 Project Site Aerial Imagery Map ................................................................................ FIGURE 5 Project Site Photos ....................................................................................................... APPENDIX 1 FEMA Press Release Concerning October 28, 2007 Wildfire APPENDIX 2 Communications Between PCA and Mauna Lani Resort, Inc. APPENDIX 3 Archaeological Inventory Survey APPENDIX 4 Comments in Response to Pre-Consultation APPENDIX 5 Emergency Road Survey Map i Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ii 1 1 4 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 B 9 10 11 13 13 13 14 16 16 17 17 18 18 18 18 21 23 24 24 26 11 13 2 3 3 4 5 SUMMARY OF THE PROPOSED ACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES r 1 1 The Puako Community Association proposes to utilize a 625-foot long by 30-foot wide portion of State of Hawaii land located in the Conservation District in order to build a gated emergency roadway. This roadway would connect the end of Puako Beach Road with Holoholo Kai Beach Park Access Road using portions of State-owned parcels TMKs (3`d) 6-9-01:017 and 6-9- 006:051. Parce16-9-001:017 is currently leased by Mauna Lani Resort (Operation), Inc. The purpose of this project is to provide an emergency access and evacuation route. The gravel roadway would be gated and locked at both ends during normal conditions and would be opened only during emergencies as authorized by the County of Hawaii Civil Defense Agency. Currently the Puako community has only one evacuation route out of the area in the event of emergencies such as wildfires, high surf, tsunami, and traffic accidents. Wildfires throughout the years have threatened the community; one on October 28, 2007 burned 1,500 acres near Puako Beach Road, approaching within a quarter mile of 200 homes and prompting the evacuation of 400 people. In addition, the October 15, 2006 Richter magnitude 6.7 earthquake's epicenter was approximately 15 miles from Puako, causing extensive damage and highlighting the need for alternative access in case of tsunami. Construction of this emergency road has long been the goal of the Puako Community Association, which is solely funding the project. The project corridor is dominated by non-native, invasive species and no threatened or endangered plants or animals would be affected. Avery small anchialine pool located approximately 15 feet from the edge of the roadway would not be affected by construction or use of the unpaved, emergency-only roadway. The project would not harm shoreline resources or access. As the roadway would be gated during normal conditions, traffic would not be affected. The project corridor would pass near the Puako Petroglyph Preserve, but archaeological inventory survey has assured that no resources would be affected. The impact of failing to build the road would be the continuation of risk to human life and property in the event of a natural disaster. ii Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road PART 1: PROJECT DESCRIPTION, PURPOSE AND NEED AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PROCESS 1.1 Project Description, Location and Purpose and Need The Puako Community Association (PCA) proposes to utilize a 625-foot long by 30-foot wide portion of State of Hawaii lands located in the Conservation District in order to construct an emergency access roadway (Figures 1-5; Appendix 5). This roadway would connect the end of Puako Beach Road with Holoholo Kai Beach Park Access Road using portions of TMKs (3`d): 6- 9-001:017 and 6-9-006:051. The project is located in the community of Puako in the South Kohala District, County of Hawaii. The roadway would be located more than 300 feet from the shoreline in the Conservation District and Special Management Area. The PCA expects to manage the emergency road through a contract with an entity that will also be maintaining a firebreak behind the community. As discussed in Section 3, no sensitive resources such as archaeological site, rare, threatened or endangered species, or water features are present in the corridor that would be disturbed to build the road, which currently has a low forest of the alien species kiawe. The purpose of this project is to provide an emergency access and evacuation route. The gravel roadway would be gated and locked at both ends during normal conditions and would be opened only during emergencies as authorized by the County of Hawaii Civil Defense Agency. The Kohala Coast Fire Station would have primary responsibility for opening the gate, which for security purposes would be equipped with a Knox Box opened by a County master key and containing the key for the gate lock. Police, County Department of Public Works and State Division of Forestry and Wildlife personnel would also have keys to and could open the gate. Currently the Puako community has only one evacuation route out of the area in the event of emergencies such as wildfires, high surf, tsunami, and traffic accidents. Wildfires throughout the years have threatened the community; one on October 28, 2007 burned 1,500 acres near Puako Beach Road, approaching within a quarter mile of 200 homes and prompting the evacuation of 400 residents (Figure 2, Appendix 1). In addition, the October 15, 2006 Richter magnitude 6.7 earthquake's epicenter was approximately 15 miles from Puako, causing extensive damage and highlighting the need for alternative access in case of tsunami. Construction of this emergency access road has long been the goal of the Puako Community Association, which is solely funding the project. Appendix 2 includes materials documenting agreements on this project between the Puako Community Association and Mauna Lani Resort. 1.2 Environmental Assessment Process This Environmental Assessment (EA) process is being conducted in accordance with Chapter 343 of the Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS). This law, along with its implementing regulations, Title 11, Chapter 200, of the Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR), is the basis for the environmental impact assessment process in the State of Hawaii. According to Chapter 343, an EA is prepared to determine impacts associated with an action, to develop mitigation measures 1 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ii u 1 C C ,rp ryi ure ~. Yro-ect Location Ma naowSni Heiao` J?"~ ~,,9'`~P~ ~~~1 ~ . xa®ena~nalBmhp~}ate(, ~`., i~`„Pu ~ Kahaf HOmditnads.) .9. L~akaAY S.H.P. ~ e ~P~ W ~ ~~\ . ' .. asgou o~Ccci• ~t~ ~ 'f %H°°°LM ~ ~~. y '. ..A~r ~. f ~, "y ' ~Ya1mN f __ ' :!!~ PUULONOLA HEIAUh H.S~ te'e' } / `°I..~ r" r ~~ru !"~e•f ~Headao.rtes i ~ ~;,~ •.. ~~ay .1.ayeFoehoe + .. . r ~ . ,. r 1 PaaogrypEy ~ - ; ~ ~,~ 1 F~' a c, o u ~'~Hakalw lr n,+~ n ,ys ~,• P.~tOJ~+~TE . H ~~ °`°'~~ ,.~«nn x.n~,usf'NwY Ate " v \nt ~~:oas,.q~ ry•,,~ TM _x + kr _ rrx.~y~"°° /~ ~ rw < a7 ~ ~.~. AaalodM Posh r .~ Ra,.~~ 7,~ltonal~a4 pear .L ~~ ~W~, t, i~"i HAWAII .HueM~a ~; ~ 1. "' ~° ~+ o ca~ert; :Kdaat . - Nr Pay liadu+ C ~, - ~, "\ 6 w nlo.. 'y-'\ Kahdr Pool `y ~ ~, q'•f ~ ~ {_GO) t' _ iti 4 __ _ taUfPff y'.~ ~r KALOKPHOWKOHAU A'.N.P~ Hr~ifurCaGi .~~ ~'~ t m~ isnrei?aCn<4/- .Y.i ~ Henokobm S.~dementa ~ ~~ a}laun - ,. ~ 1 ;,Hann. / KaUuaylpK~ Ma a Um~ Hwa ~ .. ~ ~\ •Kemu Ranh ` tM _ Kea ~ Ka.'ofi Rrrrt \ Kureistown Kay ~ 4KaRal+a : ~ Aq la4ar ~ Kukw. „ ,h KemMu Hal ~A \ 0 - "~ ra ~ ~qo Pua !}Aourtwn \!~ `~`~ ~ CAd~ .., ~.,~P,W Mudro qar d[r}aa'.a ~% Gpum CaoA'a ~toausentF. RlE4ian Hesaa etau+utca . li,i.~~ n~+'NA-YAlI VOliArIOES '~•~- ~ ~± ~' '~ ~ =~ • ~ ~ ~ Vblaan QplNkaoa: PUUHO,~'UAOMONAGNA~U N.lI.P~ a~a ~S'+'yFw Cax ~ ~a,un ~4\in oTCN~ a~ ! et liYpTlefl fP7A11', y~~ Kautua Pomt~ . - -_~,,!'~ a ~~` l~ W Mauoa U. \~ yt (.~}, `~~ s t . _ ~. ~ ~. c,,~; NA7. PARK' ~y~ -. " k'yan}aX ~~ ~ tT," s ° ~° ~ rr,~:tFhea+c J =ci~ ~ .~1`~ns? aro^ .~N~ ~" ~aery,ea 1- .,..'~ ~~ ..~Pova KMlto ~.`~, ''.~V,r~, ~Koee Rn~m `~~~F~ , ._ ~ ~.Mdelfi Kaitwlav, . - "' "W8 ~ Na,axiafo Poirx{ ', w•., ,,ttryy ~ ` . 'P~datw ~, c ~!.i~v_ i r .n Pr ,..p_ v. jr~'~Cakoa'J~Kahu ~'lfo-.:a:p: , . / •~ 4Y~--- fJal~lw Kavnr fb.*rt rs , _ j ~l_ !~{t -4 HehuoMolilek \` 3 tnn,~ .-. t_•. ' \ Hegn o Kalala ~ Va ' lSantitq.~ for adverse impacts, and to determine whether any of the impacts are significant according to thirteen specific criteria. Part 4 of this document states the anticipated finding that no significant impacts are expected to occur; Part 5 lists each criterion and presents the anticipated preliminary findings by the approving agency, the State of Hawaii Department of Natural Resources. If, after considering comments to the Draft EA, the approving agency concludes that, as anticipated, no significant impacts would be expected to occur, then it will issue a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI), and the action will be permitted to occur. If the agency concludes that significant impacts are expected to occur as a result of the proposed action, then an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) will be prepared. 2 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road Figure 2. The October 28, 2007 Puakb Wildfire (from Queen Ka`ahumanu >E M l ~`, Y J: ~,~~ .~~ .. ... j ,. ', . ~ :.- ~, -..~g. ~ ~~ ~ ~ i~.r ,~ ~~-} .. y, }'.fly - .yaM.....~._..~.ii ~s~~~~t ~'il1Y X~ ~~ ~ ~ ~. ~ t'R, 4 ~ Puako Fire Station is visible on the right-hand side. Photo courtesy Bill Adams (www.billadams.netl. 3. rro.~ect one ' /stator ~.+^° ~~\ . ,.~.. ~Kyrr~e~yrDE .. +.' PAIL "`^••.f=e i!f: itt .,JI Park Raad Rr„-.,}3 ~I~~~~ N.I'I~ f~~^ ~ ~- ~,.,,,~s. / \til ~ lira ...../f/ ~'"" ~~ ~ P" ~..r' ~ .,~i ~ tDpJ F,vI ~v ~'jj~-~~ Ma~l.anipResgrt=~~'~ ~ ~.~ ~ e 3 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road r_ u 1 n u n ~i 4 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road Top: End of Puako Beach Road; Middle: Anchialine pool off road; Bottom: Asphalt Trail Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ' 1.3 Public Involvement and Agency Coordination The following agencies and organizations were consulted in development of the Environmental ' Assessment. State: ' Department of Health, Environmental Health Administration Department of Land and Natural Resources, Director Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife ' Department of Land and Natural Resources, Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands Department of Land and Natural Resources, Aquatic Resources Division ' Department of Land and Natural Resources, Historic Preservation Division Office of Hawaiian Affairs Coun ' County Council Department of Public Works Hawaii Fire Department ' Department of Water Supply Planning Department Police Department ' Civil Defense Private: Mauna Lani Resort Association Mauna Lani Resort, Inc. South Kohala Hawaiian Civic Club Sierra Club Neighboring Property Owners ' Letters in res onse to earl consultation are included in A endix 4. P Y PP ' 1.4 Cost and Schedule The project cost is estimated at approximately $50,000, a figure which will be refined during the ' bid process. The project would be solely funded by the Puako Community Association. The ' project would commence as soon as permitting is completed. The parcels would remain under State ownership, with parcel 6-9-001:0171eased by Mauna Lani Resort (Operation), Inc., which ' will allow PCA use of this parcel at no cost. ' Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road PART 2: ALTERNATIVES 2.1 No Action Alternative Under the No Action Alternative, the emergency road would not be constructed and Puako would remain with only one access route. Risks to public safety and property that would be alleviated by the project would remain. The Puako Community Association (PCA) therefore considers the No Action Alternative unacceptable. 2.2 Alternative Locations and Strategies The selected alignment was chosen after careful consideration by the PCA to minimize both cost and environmental impact and review by the Land Division of DLNR to minimize unusable portions of State Property. The PCA explored the alternative of using an escape route near the Catholic Church, which did not appear practical. The PCA also examined a route using several hundred feet of private driveway on parcel TMK 6-9-001:028, then traversing south to Holoholo Kai Beach Park Road. This alternative was not amenable to the property owner, in part because it would have required removal of a structure on the property. While other alignments are possible, all would involve longer and more expensive routes with unknown or greater environmental impacts to archaeological resources or anchialine pools. The planned alignment is both the most cost-effective route available with minimum environmental impact, and no other more practical alternative routes exist. As there do not appear to be any environmental or other disadvantages associated with the proposed action, and no routes or alternative strategies with any advantages exist, no alternative sites have been advanced for consideration in this Environmental Assessment. 7 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road PART 3: ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Basic Geographic Setting The roadway alignment is referred to throughout this EA as the project corridor. The parent parcels, TMKs 6-9-001:017 and 6-9-006:051, are referred to as the project site. The term project area is used to describe the general environs of Puako, lower Lalamilo ahupua`a, and the South Kohala District. f The project corridor is located at about 5-10 feet above sea level near the end of Puako Beach Road approximately 200 feet from the shoreline in the community of Puako in the South Kohala District (see Figs. 3 & 4). The corridor would connect Puako Beach Road with Holoholo Kai Beach Park road, allowing access to Queen Ka`ahumanu Highway (SR 19) through roadways of the Mauna Lani Resort. The vegetation of the project area has been previously disturbed by ' grazing and other uses, and the project corridor is predominantly covered with secondary, non- native plants. The average maximum daily temperature is approximately 83 degrees F, with an average minimum of 69 degrees, and annual rainfall averages less than 10 inches, making this area the driest on the island (U.H. Hilo-Geography 1998:57). Adjacent land use is primarily ' residential and resort with some undeveloped lots generally located to the mauka side of the project corridor and along the shoreline. 3.1 Physical Environment 3.1.1 Geology, Soils and Geologic Hazards Environmental Setting ' Geologically, the project corridor is located on 3,000 to 5,000 year-old `a`a and pahoehoe lava flows from Mauna Loa volcano (Wolfe and Morris 1996). No lava tube caves were detected during field surveys. Soil maps indicate a lack of developed soils (U.S. Soil Conservation Service 1973). The entire Big Island is subject to geologic hazards, especially lava flows and earthquakes. ' Volcanic hazard in the project area is as assessed by the United States Geological Survey as 3 on a scale of ascending risk 9 to 1 (Heliker 1990:23). This relatively high hazard risk for the Island of Hawaii is based on the fact that the project area has been inundated by lava flows from Mauna Loa, an active volcano. Volcanic hazard zone 3 areas have had about 1-5 percent of their land area covered by lava or ash flows since the year 1800. In terms of seismic risk, the entire Island of Hawaii is rated Zone 4 Seismic Probability Rating (Uniform Building Code, 1997 Edition, Figure 16-2). Zone 4 areas are at risk from major earthquake damage, especially to structures that are poorly designed or built, as the 6.7- 8 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road magnitude (Richter) quake of October 15, 2006, demonstrated. The project corridor does not appear to be subject to subsidence, landslides or other forms of mass wasting. Impacts and Mitigation Measures In general, geologic conditions do not appear at this time to impose any overriding constraints on the project, and no mitigation measures are expected to be required. However, it is recognized that much of the surface of Hawaii Island is subject to eventual lava inundation and that infrastructure in places such as Puako face this risk. However, there are no alternative routes or other options that avoid these risks, and the project will help the community respond to and properly manage these risks. As much of the project area has a similar hazard, geologic hazards impose no particular constraints on the proposed action, and the proposed roadway is not imprudent to construct. The No Action Alternative would avoid geologic hazards and risks and potential loss or damage to the project corridor itself, but this would be of negligible benefit relative to the continued risks to the Puako community. 3.1.2 Drainage, Water Features and Water Quality Existing Environment The project area has one surface water body, an anchialine pond of less than 50 square feet located near the project corridor (Figures 4 and 5). This very small pool contains water only at high tide. No known areas of local (non-stream related) flooding are present. The Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) 15516602780 (9/16/1988) show that the project corridor is in Flood Zone X, outside of the 100-year or 500-year floodplain. According to County of Hawaii Civil Defense, the project corridor is located within the tsunami inundation zone. Impacts and Mitigation Measures The action would remove vegetation from the project corridor and replace it with a graded, gravel, and permeable surface. There would be no long-term adverse impacts to drainage or water quality because the roadway would not create an impermeable surface. The anchialine pond would not be affected, which will be identified by orange construction fencing and protected during construction. Tsunami inundation presents no particular concern due to the nature of the project. Construction-phase impacts have the potential to produce uncontrolled excess sediment from soil erosion during and after excavation and construction that may impact natural watercourses, water quality and flooding. Contaminants associated with heavy equipment and other sources during construction have the potential to impact surface water and groundwater if not mitigated effectively, although such potential in this site is limited because of the small scale of the project. In order to minimize the potential for sedimentation and erosion, the contractor shall perform all Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ' earthwork and grading in conformance with Chapter 10, Erosion and Sediment Control, Hawaii County Code. The contractor will be required to prepare and implement a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). In order to properly manage storm water runoff, the SWPPP will ' describe the emplacement of a number of best management practices (BMPs) for the project. These BMPs may include, but will not be limited to, the following: • Minimization of sediment loss by emplacement of structural controls possibly including silt fences, gravel bags, sediment ponds, check dams, and other barriers in order to retard and prevent the loss of sediment from the site; ' • Minimizing disturbance of soil during periods of heavy rain; • Phasing of the project to disturb the minimum area of soil at a particular time; • Application of protective covers to soil and material stockpiles; ' • Use of drip pans beneath vehicles not in use in order to trap vehicle fluids; • Routine maintenance of BMPs by adequately trained personnel; and • Significant leaks or spills, if they occur, shall be properly cleaned up and disposed of at an approved site. The project will be regulated through review, revision and approval by the Hawaii County t Department of Public Works (DPW) to ensure compliance with standards related to storm water runoff containment. ' 3.1.3 Flora, Fauna and Ecosystems Existing Environment ' The natural vegetation of this part of coastal South Kohala was most likely coastal shrubland dominated by `ilima (Sida fallax) (Gagne and Cuddihy 1990). These original communities, ' however, have been destroyed or heavily degraded by cattle grazing and clearing for residences, and the vegetation of the project area is now a fairly uniform forest of kiawe (Prosopis pallida), which depends on shallow coastal groundwater, with the remnant `ilima indicative of the preexisting ecosystem. A walk-through biological survey of the project corridor was performed in October 2007. Table ' 1 is a list of plant species detected in the project corridor. The species detected are mostly introduced (and invasive) species but two common indigenous species are also present. No listed, candidate or proposed endangered plant species were found or would be expected to be found on the project corridor (UFWS 2000). In terms of conservation value, no botanical resources requiring special protection are present. 10 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road Table 1. Plant Suecies Detected on Puako Emer~encv Road C~rridnr Scientific Name Family Common Name Life Form Status* Boerhavia coccinea N cta inaceae Boerhavia herb A Cenchrus ciliaris Poaceae Buffel rass rass A Cleome nandra Ca araceae S ider wis herb A Pennisetum setaceum Poaceae Fountain rass rass A Pluchea s m h ti olia Asteraceae Sourbush shrub A Proso is allida Fabaceae Kiawe tree A Senna occidentalis Fabaceae Coffee senna tree A Sida allax Malvaceae `Ilima shrub I Waltheria indica Sterculiaceae `Uhaloa shrub I * A = alien, ~ = endemic, l =indigenous; Two desiccated weed species also detected but not identified. Birds in the project corridor are overwhelmingly alien, and no threatened or endangered species would likely be present. Little is known about the roosting sites of the endangered Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus), which is often found in alien as well as native vegetation in a variety of locations throughout the island of Hawaii. Hawaiian Hoary Bats are unlikely to utilize the kiawe trees found on the project corridor for roosting, although they may fly over the site and forage in the area. Impacts and Mitigation Measures Because of the nature of the project, and the lack of native ecosystems, or threatened or endangered plant species, no adverse impacts to botanical resources would occur as a result of the action. It is unlikely that construction of the project would likely pose any impact to any threatened or endangered birds or to Hawaiian Hoary Bats. The contractor will also be required to prepare and implement a fire hazard management plan during construction, as use of heavy equipment in such a dry area presents a potential for ignition of dry foliage and vegetative material. 3.1.4 Air Quality, Noise, and Scenic Resources Environmental Setting, Air quality in the project area, which is far removed from industrial land uses or major highways, is generally good and there are no permanent air pollution problems. Air quality in Puako has been recently impaired by the October 28, 2007 wildfire and the resulting smoke, dust, and ash. Noise in the project area is low and derived mainly from motor vehicles in the area, recreational use, and ocean and wind noise. 11 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road C ' Puako Bay, specifically the shoreline areas including TMKs 6-9-001:002 and 6-9-002:007 & 008, is noted as being of particular natural beauty in the County of Hawaii General Plan (County of Hawaii 2006). ' Impacts and Mitigation Measures 0 r [~I r L r~ Air quality impacts would be limited to the construction phase, and would include exhaust from construction vehicles, as well as the potential for fugitive dust emissions during grubbing and grading. Impacts due to vehicle exhaust would be negligible due to the small scale of the project and distance of about two hundred feet to sensitive receptors (the closest residence). In order to minimize impacts from dust, the contractor would prepare a dust control plan compliant with provisions of Hawaii Administrative Rules, Chapter 11-60.1, "Air Pollution Control," Section 11-60.1-33, "Fugitive Dust". Noise impacts would be limited to the construction phase because the road would only be utilized in the event of an emergency, when noise is an inconsequential consideration. Currently, few highly sensitive noise receptors such as residences, schools, or parks are present, and because the project corridor is located away from most residences in Puako, the potential for having many and/or very sensitive receptors is small. Construction will elevate noise levels during short periods over the duration of construction as it would involve excavation, grading, compressors, vehicle and equipment engine operation, and construction of new infrastructure (gates). These activities may generate noise exceeding 95 decibels at times, impacting nearby sensitive noise receptors. The contractor will be required to consult with the Department of Health's (DOH) and determine whether construction noise is expected to exceed the DOH "maximum permissible" property-line noise levels. Because of the lack of nearby sensitive receptors and small scale of the project, noise impacts are unlikely to be significant. However, if necessary, the contractor will obtain a permit per Title 11, Chapter 46, HAR (Community Noise Control) prior to construction. DOH would review the proposed activity, location, equipment, project purpose, and timetable in order to decide upon conditions and mitigation measures, such as restriction of equipment type, maintenance requirements, restricted hours, and portable noise barriers. While the project is near areas identified as being as of particular natural beauty and scenic value in the County of Hawaii General Plan (i.e., Puako Bay and nearby shoreline areas), the emergency road would be not be visible from these areas due to intervening vegetation and structures, and visual impact would be negligible. The emergency road would cross the asphalt trail to Holoholo Kai Beach Park to the petroglyphs and connect with the Holoholo Kai Beach Park access road in a scenic area. The Puako Community Association will work with Mauna Lani to minimize scenic impacts and mitigate them through surface treatment and landscaping. 12 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ii 3.1.5 Hazardous Substances, Toxic Waste and Hazardous Conditions Environmental Setting, Impacts and Mitigation Measures No known hazardous substances are present on the project corridor, which is vacant and does not appear to have undergone any active land use in modern times. The history of use of the site and its surroundings, having been unused, does not suggest the presence of hazardous materials. Additionally, visual surveys of the preferred site and its surroundings did not suggest the use or presence of hazardous materials, including the presence of structures, equipment, or storage containers that might be indicative of hazardous material use. Therefore, based upon prior and present use of the project site, no hazardous substances, toxic wastes, or hazardous conditions are expected to be present on the project corridor. While an isolated roadway may present an appealing site for illegal disposal of waste for certain individuals, the emergency road will be gated at both ends, discouraging this activity. 3.2 Socioeconomic and Cultural 3.2.1 Socioeconomic Characteristics The project would affect and benefit the community of Puako. Table 2 provides information on the socioeconomic characteristics of the project area (Puako Census Designated Place), along with those of Hawaii County as a whole for comparison, from the United States 2000 census. Table 2. Selected Socioeconomic Characteristics CHARACTERISTIC ISLAND OF HAWAII PUAKO CDP Total Population 148,677 429 Percent Caucasian 31.5 71.6 Percent Asian 26.7 11.4 Percent Hawaiian 9.7 4.4 Percent Two or More Races 28.4 12.6 Median Age (Years) 38.6 48.1 Percent Under 18 Years 26.1 11.7 Percent Over 65 Years 13.5 15.2 Percent Households with Children 32.2 16.3 Average Household Size 2.75 2.00 Percent Housing Vacant 15.5 44.1 Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. May 2001. Profiles of General Demographic Characteristics, 2000. Census of Population and Housing, Hawai `i. (U.S. Census Bureau Web Page). 13 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ' Impacts The project is essentially minor in nature, involving the expenditure of private funds that would ' have a very minor positive economic impact. The No Action Alternative involves the potential for significant disruption in community well-being, should a major natural disaster take place of a nature by which the project could alleviate a portion of the negative effects. ' 3.2.2 Cultural and Historic Resources ' Although the road corridor occupies less than half an acre in an area surrounded by residences and resort uses, a full archaeological inventory survey that also provided information on cultural uses was conducted by Rechtman Consulting. This survey is contained in Appendix 3 and is ' summarized below. Cultural and Historic Background ' A large number of previous studies established settlement patterns and chronologies for the project area. The pattern of settlement of the project area is based on the settlement model of Kirch (1985). Initial settlement of western Hawaii Island probably occurred by c. A.D. 600 ' (Jensen 1994). As population in this region grew through the following centuries so did the reach of inland cultivation in the upland environmental zones and consequent political and social ' stresses. During the Proto-Historic Period (A.D. 1650-1795), wars reflective of a complex and competitive social environment are evidenced by heiau building. During this period, sometime during the reign of Kalaniopu`u (A.D. 1736 - 1758) Kamehameha I was born m the ahupua`a of ' Kokoiki, in the district of North Kohala near the Mo`okini Heiau. Kamehameha I's ancestral homeland was in Halawa, North Kohala (Williams 1919). After contact, demographic changes notably including trade marked the end of the Proto-Historic Period and the end of the uniquely Hawaiian culture. ' Puako literally translates as "sugarcane blossom" (Pukui et al. 1974). Although this clearly indicates sugarcane cultivation in the project area, land use in the coastal Puako area probably ' centered upon marine resource extraction and salt production. The sandalwood (Santalum ellipticum) trade flourished by 1810 and caused a massive shift in ' settlement, as former farmers were displaced to provide labor for harvest and transportation of sandalwood for the profit of the ali `i. Further massive demographic changes were wrought by the Great Mahele, the implementation of western-style land ownership that largely placed all ' land ownership in the hands of the king and other ali `i. The ahupua`a of Lalamilo was awarded to Lunalilo (Kamehameha V) and four kuleana claims were also recorded along the Puako coast. ' In 1937 Annabelle Nako`olaniohakau Low-Ruddle and her husband Albert traded some of their Hilo lands for roughly 7.5 acres of government land directly makai of the current project area, now known as Paniau (Maly 1999). The United States Military also used coastal South Kohala, as well as upland lands of Waikoloa, for World War II training exercises (Jensen 1994). 14 ' Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road Archaeological Resources: Existing Environment A large number of previous archaeological studies have been performed in the Puako area and the surrounding ahupua`a from Kawaihae south to Anaeho`omalu Bay. Sites identified in coastal areas of Puako include caves, petroglyphs, cairns, trails, rock and cave shelters, refuge caves, burials, a holua slide, and a number of features associated with habitation sites. Also, trail networks, both along the coastline and mauka/makai, have been identified in the project area. While more mauka areas near Waimea and Po`opo`o near Keamuku (Jensen 1994) contain extensive agricultural complexes, the absence of these complexes in the project area suggests an emphasis on marine resource extractions. The Puako Petroglyph Archaeological District, listed on both the State and National Historic Registers (SIHP Site No. 4713), is located on parcel TMK 6-9-01:15, northeast of the project corridor. The site was listed on the State of Hawaii Register of Historic Places in 1982, and in April of 1983 it was listed on the National Register. The site area was formally recorded by the Bishop Museum in 1964 (Kennedy 1980) and was noted as "being one of the largest fields of its kind in the Hawaiian Islands" (Dunn and Rosendahl 1992, Appendix B:B-4); the petroglyph area consists of three major groupings of more than 3,000 incised figures and represents some of the oldest images in the Hawaiian Islands. The archaeologists surveyed a 30-meter corridor following the centerline of the surveyed road corridor. The northern segment of the corridor on parce16-9-006:051 had apparently been bulldozed. The archaeologists identified one archaeological feature within the project corridor, Site 26258, located near the southern terminus of the project corridor. Site 26258 is 25-meter long trail segment that runs in a northeasterly/southwesterly direction across an `a`a flow between the Holoholo Kai Beach Park road and the paved pathway leading to the Puako petroglyph field. This trail is a barely discernable pathway that has been cleared of larger `a`a cobbles, leaving an `a`a clinker trail of small cobbles and gravels that is darker in appearance than the surrounding natural flow. Holoholo Kai Beach Park Road crosses this trail, and the trail does not appear to continue beyond the paved petroglyph pathway. Archaeological Impacts and Mitigation Measures Site 26258 is considered significant under Criterion D for information it has presented relative to past land use within the current project area. Site 26258 has already been partially destroyed. Any further potential adverse impacts to Site 26258 resulting from the proposed emergency road have been successfully mitigated by information collected during the current study. As such, no further work is the recommended treatment for this site. The archaeologist requested a written determination from the State Historic Preservation Division (SHPD) of "no historic properties affected" for the preferred site, in accordance with HAR 13§13-284-5(b)1. The Final EA will present the results of SHPD review. 15 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road 1 ' Although no lava tubes appear to be present, the construction contractor and crew will be informed that if a previously undetected lava tube is breached during construction, all construction with the potential to impact the lava tube will immediately cease and that SHPD ' will be contacted. Furthermore, in the unlikely event that any archaeological resources are encountered during road construction, work in the immediate area of the discovery should be halted and DLNR-SHPD contacted as outlined in Hawaii Administrative Rules 13§13-275-12. ' Existing Cultural Resources u C i_. 1 As part of the current study an effort was made to obtain information about any potential traditional cultural properties and associated practices in and around the project corridor. The Office of Hawaiian Affairs and the South Kohala Hawaiian Civic Club were contacted but had no information relative to the existence of traditional cultural properties in the immediate vicinity of the current project area; nor did they provide any information indicating current use of the area for traditional and customary practices. Similarly, consultation with neighboring landowners and information from the community association did not indicate any resources or activities occurring in the affected area. In the broader area, shoreline uses including fishing, gathering, and surfing are culturally important ongoing activities. These activities do not occur in or near the project corridor and would not be affected by the project. Another important activity is viewing the petroglyphs that are accessed by the asphalt park trail from Holoholo Kai Beach Park, which is crossed by the proposed emergency road. No effects to this activity would occur. Cultural Resources: Impacts and Mitigation Measures No cultural resources or practices appear to be present within the less than half an acre of kiawe forest occupied by the road corridor, as it is away from the shoreline in an area of no cultural resources. The project will not affect the petroglyph field or access to it in any way. It is reasonable to conclude that based upon the apparent lack of resources and uses, the exercise of native Hawaiian rights related to gathering, access, or other customary activities will not be affected, and there will be no adverse effect upon cultural practices or beliefs. This determination will be reviewed in light of any comments received on the Draft Environmental Assessment. 3.3 Infrastructure 3.3.1 Utilities and Public Services Existing Facilities and Services and Impacts There are no utilities supplied to the site, and none are needed. The action would not have any impact on existing utilities, as no improvements or modifications to the site are planned at this time. 16 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road The South Kohala Fire Station is located near the intersection of Puako Beach Road and Queen Ka`ahumanu Highway (SR19), approximately three miles from the project corridor. The project could benefit the Puako Fire Station and the Hawaii Fire Department by facilitating their management of emergencies including fires. Because of the nature of the project, no other public services or utilities would be affected by the project. If a serious natural disaster such as a wildfire threatens the Puako community, public emergency and medical facilities could be seriously stressed and perhaps overwhelmed should the No Action Alternative be chosen and the road not built. 3.3.2 Roadways Existing Facilities, Impacts and Mitigation Measures The roadway would be accessed by Puako Beach Road, atwo-lane County road, and would terminate at the Holoholo Kai Beach Park Access Road. Because the emergency road would be gated and only opened during emergencies by County of Hawaii Civil Defense, there would be no impacts on traffic. In the event that the emergency road is used, County of Hawaii Civil Defense would direct traffic. The Kohala Coast Fire Station would have primary responsibility for opening the gate, which for security purposes would be equipped with a Knox Box opened by a County master key and containing the key for the gate lock. Police, County Department of Public Works and State Division of Forestry and Wildlife personnel would also have keys to and could open the gate. 3.4 Secondary and Cumulative Impacts The project will not involve any secondary or cumulative impacts, such as population changes or effects on public facilities. Cumulative impacts result when implementation of several projects that individually have limited impacts combine to produce more severe impacts or conflicts in mitigation measures. The project, being limited to construction of a roadway that would be opened only in the event of an emergency, has impacts that are essentially limited to construction-phase impacts. At the current time, according to files at the Planning Department and notices filed in the OEQC Environmental Notice, there do not appear to be any roadway, utility or development projects being undertaken near the project site that would combine in such a way as to produce adverse construction-phase cumulative effects or involve a commitment for larger action. 17 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road 3.5 Required Permits and Approvals The following permits and approvals would be required: • Conservation District Use Permit • Department of Land and Natural Resources Easement • County of Hawaii Special Management Area Exemption or Permit • County of Hawaii Grading and Grubbing Permits 3.6 Consistency with Government Plans and Policies 3.6.1 Hawaii State Plan Adopted in 1978 and last revised in 1991 (Hawai`i Revised Statutes, Chapter 226, as amended), the Plan establishes a set of themes, goals, objectives and policies that are meant to guide the ' State's long-run growth and development activities. The three themes that express the basic purpose of the Hawai `i State Plan are individual and family self-sufficiency, social and economic mobility and community or social well-being. The proposed project would promote these goals by helping to ensure community well-being and safety in the project area. 3.6.2 Hawaii County General Plan and Zoning ' The General Plan for the County of Hawaii is a policy document expressing the broad goals and policies for the long-range development of the Island of Hawaii. The plan was adopted by ' ordinance in 1989 and revised in 2005 (Hawai`i County Department of Planning). The General Plan itself is organized into thirteen elements, with policies, objectives, standards, and principles for each. There are also discussions of the specific applicability of each element to the nine judicial districts comprising the County of Hawaii. Most relevant to the proposed project are the following Goal and Policies, and Courses of Action of particular chapters of the General Plan: Environmental Quality -Goals (a) Define the most desirable use of land within the County that achieves an ecological balance providing residents and visitors the quality of life and an environment in which the natural resources of the island are viable and sustainable. (b) Maintain and, if feasible, improve the existing environmental quality of the island. (c) Control pollution. Environmental Quality -Policies (a) Take positive action to further maintain the quality of the environment. Environmental Quality -Standards (a) Pollution shall be prevented, abated, and controlled at levels that will protect and preserve the public health and well being, through the enforcement of appropriate Federal, State and County standards. ' (b) Incorporate environmental quality controls either as standards in appropriate ordinances 18 ' Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road or as conditions of approval. (c) Federal and State environmental regulations shall be adhered to. Discussion: The project will include mitigation for potential impacts to water quality due to proximity to the shoreline and an anchialine pond. The project constitutes a desirable use that will help to alleviate serious hazards to the Puako community and will not have an adverse impact on environmental quality. Therefore the action is consistent with relevant goals, policies, and courses of action of the Environmental Quality section of the County of Hawai` i General Plan. Flooding and Other Natural Hazards -Goats (a) Protect human life. (d) Prevent damage from inundation. Flooding and Other Natural Hazards -Policies (q) Consider natural hazards in all land use planning and permitting. Flooding And Other Natural Hazards -Standards (a) "Storm Drainage Standards," County of Hawaii, October, 1970, and as revised. (b) Applicable standards and regulations of Chapter 27, "Flood Control," of the Hawaii County Code. (d) Applicable standards and regulations of Chapter 10, "Erosion and Sedimentation Control," of the Hawaii County Code. Discussion: The project will help to alleviate potential hazards from fire, flooding, tsunami inundation, and other natural hazards to the Puako community. The project will abide by applicable standards and regulations regarding drainage and erosion and sedimentation control. Therefore the action is consistent with relevant goals, policies, and courses of action of the Flooding and Other Natural Hazards section of the County of Hawaii General Plan. Historic Sites -Goals (a) Protect, restore, and enhance the sites, buildings, and objects of significant historical and cultural importance to Hawaii. Historic Sites -Policies (c) Require both public and private developers of land to provide historical and archaeological surveys and cultural assessments, where appropriate, prior to the clearing or development of land when there are indications that the land under consideration has historical significance. Both the Kiholo- Puako Trail and the Puako Petroglyph Archaeological District are noted as Historic Sites in the North and South Kohala section of the Historic Sites chapter of the County of Hawaii General Plan. Discussion: An archaeological inventory and a cultural assessment have been performed on the project site. The project will be constructed without impacting any resources, consistent with the goals, standards and policies of the Historic Sites chapter of the County of Hawaii General Plan. 19 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road 1 Natural Beauty -Goals (a) Protect, preserve and enhance the quality of areas endowed with natural beauty, including the quality of coastal scenic resources. (b) Protect scenic vistas and view planes from becoming obstructed. Natural Beauty -Policies (h) Protect the views of areas endowed with natural beauty by carefully considering the effects of proposed construction during all land use reviews. (i) Do not allow incompatible construction in areas of natural beauty. ' Discussion: The project will not have a significant visual impact on the project area. Therefore, the proposed action satisfies relevant goals and policies of the Natural Beauty chapter of the County of Hawaii General Plan. 1 1 1 Transportation -Goals (a) Provide a transportation system whereby people and goods can move efficiently, safely, comfortably and economically. Transportation -Policies (c) The improvement of transportation service shall be encouraged. (f) Work with various non-profit agencies to coordinate transportation opportunities. Transportation -Roadways -Goals (a) Provide a system of roadways for the safe, efficient and comfortable movement of people and goods. Transportation -Roadways -Policies (b) Investigate various methods of funding road improvements, including private sector participation, to meet the growing transportation needs of the island. Discussion: The project will utilize private funding in order to provide for safe movement of people and goods. Therefore, the proposed action satisfies relevant goals and policies of the Transportation chapter of the County of Hawaii General Plan. Land Use -Family Residential -Goals (b) To ensure compatible uses within .and adjacent to single-family residential zoned areas. (e) To enhance the overall quality of life in our residential communities. Land Use -Family Residential -Policies (b) Encourage innovative uses of land with respect to geologic and topographic conditions through the use of residential cluster and planned unit developments. Land Use -Open Space -Goals (a) Provide and protect open space for the social, environmental, and economic wellbeing of the County of Hawaii and its residents. (b) Protect designated natural areas. Land Use -Open Space -Policies (a) Open space shall reflect and be in keeping with the goals, policies, and standards set forth in the other elements of the General Plan. 20 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road Land Use -Public Lands -Goals (a) Utilize publicly owned lands in the best public interest and to the maximum benefit for the greatest number of people. Land Use -Public Lands -Policies (a) Encourage uses of public lands that will satisfy specific public needs, such as housing, recreation, open space and education. Land Use -Public Lands -Standards (a) Public lands with unique recreational and natural resources shall be maintained for public use. Discussion: The project is consistent with the relevant goals, policies, and standards of the Land Use Chapter of the County of Hawaii General Plan. The Project is compatible with nearby uses, would enhance the quality of life of the Puako community, and would protect important nearby natural resources. The Hawaii County General Plan Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide (LUPAG). The LUPAG map component of the General Plan is a graphic representation of the Plan's goals, policies, and standards as well as of the physical relationship between land uses. It also establishes the basic urban and non-urban form for areas within the planned public and cultural facilities, public utilities and safety features, and transportation corridors. The project corridor is classified as Open Space and Resort Node in the LUPAG. Resort areas are intended for the "orderly development of the visitor industry", also benefiting the needs of residents and communities. LUPAG Open designated areas include both of lands zoned as Open by the County and lands in the State Land Use Conservation District. Hawaii County Zoning. The project site is located in the Conservation District and therefore has no County of Hawaii zoning designation. 3.6.3 Hawaii State Land Use Law All land in the State of Hawaii is classified into one of four land use categories -Urban, Rural, Agricultural, or Conservation - by the State Land Use Commission, pursuant to Chapter 205, HRS. The property is in the State Land Use Conservation District, general subzone. HRS 205-2(e) describes the intended uses for Conservation Districts: "Conservation districts shall include areas necessary for protecting watersheds and water sources; preserving scenic and historic areas; providing park lands, wilderness, and beach reserves; conserving indigenous or endemic plants, fish, and wildlife, including those which are threatened or endangered; preventing floods and soil erosion; forestry; open space areas whose existing openness, natural condition, or present state of use, if retained, would enhance the present or potential value of abutting or surrounding communities, or would maintain or enhance the conservation of natural or scenic 21 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road r. 1 resources; areas of value for recreational purposes; other related activities; and other permitted uses not detrimental to a multiple use conservation concept " Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR) Title 11 specifies the intended uses of particular subzones. The General subzone generally is inclusive of uses specified for other subzones, and as such, the proposed use would be considered a P-6 Public Purpose Use, being a transportation system undertaken by anon-governmental entity which benefits the public and is consistent with the purpose of the conservation district (HAR Section 13-5-22). This use would require a board permit. HAR Section 13-5-14 specifies: (a) The objective of this subzone is to designate open space where specific conservation uses may not be defined, but where urban use would be premature. (b) The (G) subzone shall encompass: (1) Lands with topography, soils, climate, or other related environmental factors that may not be normally adaptable or presently needed for urban, rural, or agricultural use; and (2) Land suitable for farming, flower gardening, operation of nurseries or orchards, grazing; including facilities accessory to these uses when the facilities are compatible with the natural physical environment. (c) Land uses permitted in the general (G) subzone are restricted to those listed in section 13-5-25. The Conservation District Use Application, which will be filed after the EA process is complete, will include a detailed evaluation of the consistency of the project with the criteria of the Conservation District permit process. Briefly, the following individual consistency criteria should be noted: 1. The proposed land use is consistent with the purpose of the Conservation District. The intended identified use is a Public Purpose use and is beneficial to the community and not detrimental to the environment. It is thus consistent with the objectives of the Conservation District. 2. The proposed land use is consistent with the objectives of the subzone of the land on which the use will occur. The objective of the general subzone is to designate open space where specific conservation uses may not be defined, but where urban use would be premature. Use for an emergency road does not detract from this objective. 3. The proposed land use complies with provisions and guidelines contained in Chapter 205A, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), entitled "Coastal Zone Management, "where applicable. The expected consistency of the project with the SMA rules is discussed in Section 3.6.4 below. By the time the CDUA is filed, the Planning Department will have made a determination on SMA consistency. 22 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road i ~~ 4. The proposed land use will not cause substantial adverse impact to existing natural resources within the surrounding area, community or region. Because of the relatively minor nature of the project and the lack of native terrestrial ecosystems, threatened or endangered plant species, or affected water bodies, construction and use of the project corridor for an emergency road would not adversely impact natural resources. No effect on any coastal ecosystem will occur. The precautions for preventing any effects to water quality during construction should prevent any adverse impact on aquatic biological resources in coastal waters. S. The proposed land use, including buildings, structures and facilities, shall be compatible with the locality and surrounding areas, appropriate to the physical conditions and capabilities of the specific parcel or parcels. The low-key, gravel emergency road will connect two existing roads in an area of residence and park-uses and will be compatible with the surroundings. 6. The existing physical and environmental aspects of the land, such as natural beauty and open space characteristics, will be preserved or improved upon, whichever is applicable. Although some kiawe trees will be removed from the dense tangle of kiawe behind Puako, the project will not affect open space characteristics or natural beauty in any way. 7. Subdivision of land will not be utilized to increase the intensity of land uses in the Conservation District. Subdivision of the State land may be necessary to create the easement, but no intensification of use will occur. 8. The proposed land use will not be materially detrimental to the public health, safety and welfare. The project is meant to enhance public safety and welfare by providing a severely needed emergency road. 3.6.4 Special Management Area The project corridor is situated within the County's Special Management Area (SMA), and will require an SMA Minor Permit, as indicated by consultation with the County of Hawaii Planning Department (Appendix 4). It is the applicant's belief that the proposed land use complies with provisions and guidelines contained in Chapter 205A, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), entitled Coastal Zone Management. The proposed emergency road would not restrict any shoreline uses such as hiking, fishing or water sports. Lateral pedestrian use of the shoreline area will not be impacted and there will be no effect on the public's access to or enjoyment of this shoreline area. Viewplanes to and from the shoreline would not be affected and the road would not be visually imposing or out of character. Historic sites and cultural uses have been properly assessed. It is expected that the project will not result in any impact on the biological or economic aspects of the coastal ecosystem. The project site is not situated over any major natural drainage system or water feature that would flow into the nearby coastal system. The property contains few native plants and none that are not extremely common. Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) delineate the project corridor as Zone X, outside the floodplain. According to County of Hawaii Civil Defense, the project corridor is located within the tsunami inundation zone, but the purpose of the project is to provide evacuation capability and thus this setting is not inappropriate. In terms of beach protection, construction is over 200 feet mauka 23 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ' of the shoreline setback area and would not affect any beaches nor adversely affect public use and recreation of the shoreline in this area. No effects on marine or groundwater will occur, and no impacts to marine resources are expected. In summary, the proposed use would be consistent with Chapter 205A because it would not affect public access to recreational areas, historic resources, scenic and open space resources, ' coastal ecosystems, economic uses, or coastal hazards. The Special Manager{-ent Area Assessment process, which occurs after the EA process, will include further examination of the conformity of the project with the SMA and the permitting needs. ' PART 4: ANTICIPATED DETERMINATION ' Based on the information to this point, the Hawaii State Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) is expected to determine that the proposed project will not significantly alter the environment. It is therefore anticipated that an Environmental Impact Statement is not ' warranted and that the DLNR will issue a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI). A final determination will be made by the DLNR after consideration of comments on the Draft EA. ' PART 5: FINDINGS AND REASONS Chapter 11-200-12, Hawaii Administrative Rules, outlines those factors agencies must consider ' when determining whether an action has significant effects: I. The proposed project will not involve an irrevocable commitment or loss or destruction of any natural or cultural resources. No valuable natural or cultural resources would be ' committed or lost by the project. The project would not impact nearby archaeological resources. 2. The proposed project will not curtail the range of beneftcial uses of the environment. The ' proposed project expands and in no way curtails beneficial uses of the environment. The direct physical impact of the project is minor and may help to prevent serious safety hazards presented by natural disasters to the Puako community. ' 3. The proposed project will not conflict with the State's long-term environmental policies. The State's long-term environmental policies are set forth in Chapter 344, HRS. The broad goals of this policy are to conserve natural resources and enhance the quality of life. The project is minor, and fulfills aspects of these policies calling for an improved social environment. It is thus consistent with all elements of the State's long-term environmental policies. ' 4. The proposed project will not substantially a,~`ect the economic or social welfare of the community or State. The project will benefit the social welfare of the community and State by alleviating significant risks to the Puako community. ' S. The proposed project does not substantially af~`ect public health in any detrimental way. The proposed project will alleviate potential hazards to public health and safety. 6. The proposed project will not involve substantial secondary impacts, such as population ' changes or effects on public facilities. No secondary effects are expected to result from the 24 ' Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road proposed action, which involves construction of an unpaved, gated roadway that would only be opened during an emergency. 7. The proposed project will not involve a substantial degradation of environmental quality. The project is minor and environmentally benign, and would thus not contribute to environmental degradation. 8. The proposed project will not substantially affect any rare, threatened or endangered species of jlora or fauna or habitat. The project corridor supports overwhelmingly alien vegetation. Impacts to rare, threatened or endangered species of flora or fauna would not occur. 9. The proposed project is not one which is individually limited but cumulatively may have considerable effect upon the environment or involves a commitment for larger actions. The project is minor and is not related to other activities in the region in such a way as to produce adverse cumulative effects or involve a commitment for larger actions. 10. The proposed project will not detrimentally affect air or water quality or ambient noise levels. Due to the character of the project no adverse effects on these resources would occur. Construction-phase air quality impacts, including fugitive dust emissions, would be mitigated. 11. The project does not affect nor would it likely to be damaged as a result of being located in an environmentally sensitive area such as a jlood plain, tsunami zone, erosion prone area, geologically hazardous land, estuary, fresh water, or coastal area. Although the project is located in an area with volcanic and seismic risk, the entire Island of Hawaii shares this risk, and the project is not imprudent to undertake. The project is intended to alleviate risks to the community presented by natural hazards. 12. The project will not substantially affect scenic vistas and viewplanes identified in county or state plans or studies. The shoreline several hundred feet makai of the project corridor is noted for its natural beauty in the Hawaii County General Plan. However, the project would not affect these viewplanes in any way. 13. The project will not require substantial energy consumption. Construction of the emergency road would require a minor expenditure of energy that may be compensated by energy savings during emergency use. For the reasons above, we anticipate that the approving agency will determine that the action would not have any significant effect in the context of Chapter 343, Hawaii Revised Statues and section 11-200-12 of the State Administrative Rules. 25 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ' REFERENCES Burgett, B., and Rosendahl, P. 1990. Phase I-Site Identification Phased Archaeological ' Inventory Survey, Puako Beach Road Extension Corridor, Land of Lalamilo, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii (TMK:3- 6-9-O1:Por.12). PHRI Report 715-101890. Prepared for The Keith Companies, Hawaii. ' Burgett, B., Rosendahl, P, and Goodfellow, S. 1992. Preliminary Report: Background, Summary of Findings, and General Significance Assessments and Recommended General Treatments, Phase I -Site Identification, Phased Archaeological Inventory Survey, Hapuna State Park Expansion Area. Land of Lalamilo, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii. PHRI Report 855- 092790. Prepared for Mr. Warren M. Harrison. ' Dunne, A., and Rosendahl, P. 1992. Phased Archaeological Inventory Survey, Puako Beach Road Extension Corridor, Land of Lalamilo, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii (TMK:3-6- ' 9-O1:Por.12,Por.17). PHRI Report 975-050592. Prepared for Paniau Partners. Gagne, W., and Cuddihy, L. 1990. "Vegetation," pp. 45-114 in W.L. Wagner, D.R. Herbst, and ' S.H. Sohmer, eds., Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai `i. 2 vols. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ' Hawaii County Planning Department: 2005. The General Plan, County of Hawai `i. Hilo. Heliker, C. 1990. Volcarac and Seismic Hazards on the Island of Hawai `i. Washington: U.S. ' GPO. Jensen, P. 1992. Archaeological Mitigation Program Paniau Development Parcel Protect Area, ' Phase I Mitigation Plan for Data Recovery and Interim Site Preservation, Land of Lalamilo, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii (TMK:3-6-9-01:7). PHRI Report 1171-072892. Prepared for Paniau Partners, Kamuela, Hawaii. ' Jensen, P. 1994. Phased Archaeological Inventory Survey, Hapuna Beach State Recreation Area Expansion Project: Phase III-Data Analyses and Final Report. Prepared for Harrison Associates. Honolulu. ' Kennedy, J. 1980. The Archaeology of Paniau. Archaeological Consultants of Hawaii. Report prepared for Kep, Alui, Inc. ' Kirch, P. 1985. Feathered Gods and Fishhooks.• An Introduction to Hawaiian Archaeology and Prehistory. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. Maly, K. 1999. Nd Ala Hele Ma Kai O Kohala Hema. Kumu Pono Associates Report Hi Ala- 17K (043099). Prepared for Na Ala Hele Program State Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Hilo. 26 ' Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road Pukui, M., Elbert, S., and Mo`okini, E. 1974. Place Names of Hawaii. Revised and Expanded Edition. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, 2001, http://factfinder.census. ov/ . U.S. Soil Conservation Service. 1973. Soil Survey of Island of Hawai `i, State of Hawai `i. Washington: U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service. University of Hawai` i at Hilo, Dept. of Geography. 1998. Atlas of Hawai `i. 3rd ed. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2000. Threatened and endangered plants in Hawai `i. Washington: GPO. Williams, J. 1919, A Little Known Engineering Work in Hawaii. In Thrum's Hawaiian Almanac and Annual for 1919. Thos. G. Thrum, Honolulu. Wolfe, E.W., and Morris, J. 1996. Geologic Map of the Island of Hawai `i. USGS Misc. Investigations Series Map i-2524-A. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Geological Survey. 27 Environmental Assessment Puako Emergency Road ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PUAKO EMERGENCY ROAD APPENDIX 1 ' FEMA PRESS RELEASE CONCERNING OCTOBER 27, ' 2007 PUAK6 WILDFIRE n FEMA INCIDENT REPORT FEMA-R09 Oakland CA 20071028 2030PDT Puako Brush Fire HI INCIDENT REPORT: RIX-HI-01 TYPE OF INCIDENT: Puako Brush Fire INCIDENT REPORT DATE & TIME: 10/28/07 2330 EDT INCIDENT: This 1500 plus acre wild land fire near the town of Puako on the northwest side of the Big Island of Hawaii threatens 200 homes, 2 resort hotels, and three beach parks from which 400 persons have been evacuated. No homes have reported to have burned so far. The fire is within'/a mile of the homes and thick black smoke has been affecting the population. The fire began early this morning as the result of several small fires burning together out of 8 or 9 that were started between 0300 and 0400 HST. Also threatened are primary electric transmission lines. The fire has also closed at times State route 19. The temperature is 85, the humidity is 40% and the winds are erratic and are 15 to 18 miles per hour with gusts of 25 mph. The forecast for Monday October 29th is for continuing windy conditions. The fire is burning in very dry brush. STATE & LOCAL ACTIONS: Hawaii County is responding to this fire with 4 helicopters, 4 dozers, 5 tankers, 4 brush trucks, 6 engines, 50 County firefighters, 16 Federal firefighters, and 15 County police officers. POTENTIAL FEDERAL INVOLVEMENT: The State has requested a Fire Management Assistance Grant Program declaration. The fire was declared at 11:22 pm EDT on October 28 and is declaration number 2740. REGIONAL CONTACTS: Tim McDonald, Region IX Fire Duty Liaison 510-712-0166 SOURCE OF INFORMATION: Hawaii State Civil Defense, Hawaii Department of Forestry and Wildlife, and USFS. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: MERS Bothell MOC (800) 395-6042 NEMIS FILE NAME: HI-Puako Brush Fire-10-28-2007 1 C ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PUAKO EMERGENCY ROAD APPENDIX 2 ' COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN PCA AND MAUNA LANI RESORT, INC. i L t u NOV-24-2007 10:57 From: 18663166988 Page:1~12 Mauna Lar-i Resort (Operation), Inc_ a June 22, 2005 Mr. George H. Robertson, President Puako Community Association P.O. Box 44345 Kawaihae, Hawaii 96743 Re: Eme encv Escape Route = Ma~~' t..etter Dear Mr_ Robertson: t understand that a second emergency escape route has been a serious safety concern for the Puako Community Association (PCA) for a number of years, especially iar those residents who live south of the Catholic Church and far those who frequent the >'uako shorelines for fishing, swimming and other recreational or educational activities. Mauna Lani would Pike to cooperate and assist the PCA in its efforts to provide for a second escape route for its residents and the general public in a timely manner. Mauna Lani Resort (Operation). Inc. (MlRO) is agn~eable to allowing the Puako Community Association (PCA) vehicular access over its property to the Hatoholokai Beach Park road via a gated entry point for an escape route roadway commenting at the southern end of the Puako Road through its state leased land under the following conditions: 1. Puako Community Association (PCA) shall be responsible far obtaining all required permits and approvals Pram the Gounty and State for constructing the escape route roadway. 2_ PCA shall contact and negotiate with Mauna t.ani Resort Association (MlRA), Mauna Tani Service, Inc. {MIS) for access rights over the common area roadways of the Mauna Lani Resort. 3. PCA shall be responsible for construction and maintenance of the roadway. We understand it should be suitable for a car but unpaved. 4. There would be gates at either end of the roadway and provisions made to have them opened in strict emergency situations by MI.RA Security, police and fire department personnel and/or members of the PCA Safety Committee. 5_ All costs for the escape route roadway and gate will be home by the PCA and the County. MLRO will not be obligated to pay any money fiaward completion of the project or future maintenance and the PCA will 68-131U Mauna r.an~i alrlye, 5ui6a ]Oa • Koltala (:goat Hawaii 96743-97p4 Telq~lwne= (808) 885.66T7 • Facsimile. (808) 885-63T ' NOU-24-2007 10:57 From: 18663166988 Page:2~12 George !i. Robertson, President ' Puako Community Association June 24, 2005 Page Two provide indemnification to MLRO as necessary, The PCA agrees to reimburse MLRO for any costs MLRO may incur in connecfion with this project, including any engineering or attorneys' tees to review plans and Legal documents. ' Please provide us with a proposed escape route plan for review, comment and approval as soon as it is prepared. in the interim, Mr_ Akito Toba may be ' contacted it you have any gl:esiions, concerns or n,qu;re further assisiance ire this matter. 1 C Sincerely, MAUNA I RESORT (OPERATION), tNC. ~, . -~ Te ono e P ident /lms cc' Akito Toba, Sr. Vice president -Mauna Lani Resort (Operation), inc. Ken Karahashi, President -Mauna Lani Senirce, Inc. Sandra Patton, ExecutNe Director -Mauna Lani Resort Association Ed Teixeira, Vice Director, Hawaii State Civil befense NOV-24-2007 10:58 From:18663166~8 PUAKO COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION P.O. Box 44345 Kawoihae Aawsii 9b743 7uly 27, 2005 Mr. Tetsuya Sonobe President Mauna Lani Resort (Operations Inc. 6&1310 Mauna Lani Drive, Ste. 101 Kohala Coast, Hawaii 96743-9704 Pa9e:3~12 Dear Mr. Sonobe: On behalf of the Puako Community Association (PCA), I thank you and you staff for granting the PCA permission to pursue approvals and construction of the escape road and gates in the vicinity ofPaniau and Floloholokai Beach. We wili keep you informed as the pmject progresses and will provide copies of any relevant applications and permits. Aloha, George H. Robertson President PUako Community Association Cc: Councihnaa Pete Hofiinann [V1r. Ken Karahashi Pd Teixeira, Hawaii State Civil Qefense State Representative Cindy iVvana ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PUAKO EMERGENCY ROAD APPENDIX 3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVENTORY SURVEY 1 L' RC-0518 An Archaeological Inventory Survey for the Proposed Puako Community Emergency Access Road (`TMKs: 3-6-9-01:17 por. and 3-6-9-06:51 por.) Lalamilo Ahupua`a South Kohala District Island of Hawaii PREPARED BY: Matthew R. Clark, B.A. and Robert B. Rechtman, Ph.D. PREPARED FOR: Puako Community Association C/o George Fry, Vice President 137 Puako Beach Drive Puako, HI 96743 November 2007 RECHTMAN CONSUL"!"ING~ LLC HC 1 Box4149 }:ca'uu, Hawn.'. 96749.9710 phone: (808) ~:66,7F3c; fax: (808) 443.0065 e-maiL• b<>b+v'rechemaneon~ulting.eom. AHCHAElJLOGICAI., CUL'IUF_~i ^~bU ~IlS10RICAL 97U UI LAS An Archaeological Inventory Survey for the Proposed Puako Emergency Access Road ' (TMKs: 3-6-9-01:17 por. and 3-6-9-06:51 por.) I I 1 Lalamilo Ahupua`a South Kohala District Island of Hawaii RECHTMAlV CON3ULTIN6 ~ ;,. - e RC-0518 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY At the request of the Puako Community Association, Rechtman Consulting, LLC conducted an archaeological inventory survey for the proposed construction of a Puako emergency access road running from Puako Beach Drive to the Holoholo Kai Beach Pazk neaz the Mauna Lani Resort within Lalamilo Ahupua`a, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii. The proposed development will cross portions of two pazcels, TMKs: 3-6-9-01:17 and 3-6-9-06:51. The current project area consists of a roughly 30-meter wide by 200-meter long corridor The road is intended for use as an emergency escape route from Puako in the case of wildfires. It will be gated and un-paved. The entire portion of the corridor on TMK: 3-6-9-06:51 has been previously bulldozed, and the southern end of the corridor on TMK: 3-6-9-01:17 has also been partially bulldozed. A paved pathway that leads from Holoholo Kai Beach Park to the Puako petroglyph field passes the southern end of the corridor (Figure 7). The petroglyph field is well outside the boundaries of the current project area and will not be affected by the proposed development. As a result of the current inventory survey one archaeological site (a trail; Site 26258) was recorded. Site 26258 consists of a roughly 25-meter long trail segment (within the current project area) that runs in a northeasterly/southwesterly direction across an `a'a flow between the Holoholo Kai Beach Park access road and the paved pathway leading to the Puako petroglyph field. The trail is bazely discernable as a roughly 1.0 meter wide pathway that has been cleazed of lazger `a'a cobbles, leaving an 'a `d clinker trail of small cobbles and gravels that is dazker in appeazance than the surrounding natural flow. Site 26258 is considered significant under Criterion D for information it has presented relative to past land use within the current project area. Site 26258 has already been partially destroyed. Any further potential adverse impacts to Site 26258 resulting from the proposed emergency access road have been successfully mitigated by information collected during the current study. As such, no further work is the recommended treatment for this site. RC-0518 Contents ' INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................1 Project Area Description .......................................................................................................... .1 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................................... . 7 ' Previous Archaeological Reseazch ........................................................................................... . 7 Cultural-Historical Contexts ..................................................................................................... . 8 ' AHUPUA`A SETTLEMENT PATTERNS AND PROJECT AREA EXPECTATIONS ...... 14 FIELDWORK ......................................................................................................................... 14 ' Methods ................................................................................................................................... 14 Findings ................................................................................................................................... 14 ' SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION AND TREATMENT RECOMMENDATIONS .............. 18 REFERENCES CITED ........................................................................................................... 18 • Figures ' 1. Project area location .............................................................................................................. 2 2. Tax Map Keys (TMKs): 3-6-9-01 and 3-6-9-06 showing the current project azea ' (portions of pazcels 17 and 51) .............................................................................................. 3 3. Southern termination of Puako Beach Drive, view to south ................................................. 4 ' 4. Access road leading to Holoholo Kai Beach Park, view to northeast toward project azea.... 4 5. Aerial photograph of project azea showing the proposed road centerline ............................. 5 6. Modern rock wall along the boundary of TMK: 3-6-9-01:27, view to northeast .................. 6 7. Paved pathway leading to thee Puako petroglyph field, view to west ................................. l l 8. Site location map .................................................................................................................15 ' 9. SIHP Site 26258, view to northeast .....................................................................................16 10. SIHP Site 26258, view to south .........................................................................................17 ' 11. SIHP Site 26258, view to northeast ...................................................................................17 ' Tables ' 1. Previous Archaeological-Historical Investigations ............................................................... 7 iii RC-0518 INTRODUCTION At the request of the Puako Community Association, Rechtman Consulting, LLC conducted an archaeological inventory survey for the proposed construction of a Puako emergency access road running from Puako Beach Drive to the Holoholo Kai Beach Park near the Mauna Lani Resort within Lalamilo Ahupua`a, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii (Figure 1). The proposed development will cross portions of two pazcels, TMKs: 3-6-9-01:17 and 3-6-9-06:51 (Figure 2). The road is intended for use as an emergency escape route from Puako in the case of wildfires. It will be gated and un-paved. As a result of the current survey one archaeological site (a trail; Site 26258) was recorded. The current project was undertaken in compliance with both the historic preservation review process requirements (HAR 13§13- 275-5) of the Department of Land and Natural Resources-State Historic Preservation Division (DLNR- SHPD) and the County of Hawaii Planning Department, and is intended to be an element of an environmental assessment. This report contains summary background information concerning the project area's physical setting, cultural contexts, previous azchaeological work, and current survey expectations based on the previous work. Also presented is an explanation of the project's methods, detailed descriptions of the azchaeological features encountered, interpretation and evaluation of those resources, and treatment recommendations for the documented site. Project Area Description The current project azea consists of a roughly 30-meter wide by 200-meter long corridor that runs from the southern termination of Puako Beach Drive to the access road leading to Holoholo Kai Beach Park (at Pauoa Bay neaz the Mauna Lani Resort golf course) (Figures 3, 4, and 5). Surveyors had marked the centerline of the corridor with nails and flagging tape prior to the fieldwork for this study. The corridor crosses portions of two state-owned parcels (TMKs: 3-6-9-01:17 and 3-6-9-06:51) within Laliur-ilo Ahupua`a, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii (see Figures 1 and 2). The corridor is bounded along its makai edge by a modern rock wall and bulldozing along the boundary of TMK:3-6-9-01:27 (Figure 6), and along its mauka edge by undeveloped state-owned land. Terrain within the pazcels consists of a mixed pdhoehoe and 'a'a lava flows that originated from Mauna Loa Volcano 3,000 to 5,000 years ago (Wolf and Morris 199b). This flow contains very little soil development. The project area is at an elevation of roughly 20 feet above sea level. The azea receives an average annual rainfall of less than 10 inches, and has a mean temperature of 78 degrees Fahrenheit (Kennedy 1980). Vegetation consists primazily of a dense growth of kiawe (Prosopis pallida) and grasses. An anchailine pond that fills at high tide, but empties at low tide, is present on TMK: 3-6-9-01:17 within the corridor. The entire portion of the corridor on TMK: 3-6-9-06:51 has been previously bulldozed, and the southern end of the corridor on TMK: 3-6-9-01:17 has also been partially bulldozed. A paved pathway that leads from Holoholo Kai Beach Pazk to the Puako petroglyph field passes the southern end of the corridor (Figure 7). The petroglyph field is well outside the boundazies of the current project azea and will not be affected by the proposed development. RC-0518 r u 0 n ii ,.~ Kanekarraka ~ ~ ~ E A w - ~eks .. ~+ _ ~, ~ . _ ~ ~y~ Bay ~ „ ~ OhalP~ tn<c i '*+ ~ *+ ogoy *o a~ PuekdPt~ 0 } ~ <~ c* ~* 0 ,~ ,r t• I ~. 0 .25 OS 1.0 kilometer r. ~-' : -- i -- *~ ~ .. t Punk ` ~ ~ ' ~ Su merged ' ~;~; ocks 1 wa~,,,a P ~ / Ka a nia Pt /~ v ~ / * tae o (r; Project Area ''~ --~ ~ ,, I - -- _,._ Lae oPanipou ~ ~ ~...~ ~ .. -eo~ ! ~ Kenna kalua ~ c~ ~ `~ ~ o Papakonani' r. ` ~_ . Boat Landing ~ ` :)a ~ Fish rni ~ I _ ,__~ -- ~ - ' ,` ~ _ ~ ` r ~ ' ~f _ ~ puaa ' ~ /// :: ~ ,.., ., ~ r \ I ) ? a ~ p 1' i h d ~ ~ ~,i t ,i""~'` t \~ ~. ( a 2 ,,tPC j s tx)n ;; ~ ~ .. ~ ...._../ _ 1 ' ~%~ v ' ~ ~ ~ - l) ~ ~ . ~ ,~ 0 . , r ..._,. ~ ~ ~ iI ! ' Figure 1. Project area location (portion of U.S.G.S 7.5 minute Puu Hinai quadrangle, 1997). ii RC-0518 c ~ a ~ / c ~ _ A i iY I . -~ ~ .. ~~ ^t"1 ~.. ~~, ~ - - r :~ 1 \\\ _ w ~iLb~ ~ ' ~~~~ ,~_' /YSET - A ~ -f L r>• r ~ ~ ~ '~ ~ Project Area ` .r'~~ ~ ~ 5 ~.~ ~!~ ` ~ (Parcel l7) _~ I ~\ 1 0 % ~ 6/ ~ ~ '' ~ ( ~ 1 ~~ I~\r A \\ .-~i ~~~ ~ ]~] ~ 4 0,, - ~ ~~ \ T~ ~ \ /• /+ Y ~ i f _ {. 1 i ~y~ .P 01 C ~~ / ~v' /r r . P ~ P \v// i p ~ ~rI .s'" ~~ . i ~ Atr/-LKAMItO 1. KOKALA XAW.11! M GCL ] qm /' ' ~j'!~'~'' e G `rP s .~ ~- ~ :~' ~ :. :^- ~ ,_ ~ °, "~ Project Area .,~.~ ~t,~ M I ~ .; p „ ; e ~ , ,;~d~"`' (Parcel 51) < ~`'r\o"sl ~:y. r .., o = ®~~. .,., b_A a" '~'s.. ~..;~- T,~ v '~/~ , ~r of ~,, ~ r ~ ~ g "I F v c...._.,.. .. ~,_ t~ w....-..-.-... , '2 I]...A .r,., p ~ ~~ ~ ]~TA%•NAPµ 6 9 06 .ox K.. ~..A+aa a ioruLA, ....~~ ~A,,...y ....al ~ suuECr ro cnANee Figure 2. Tax Map Keys (TMKs): 3-6-9-01 and 3-6-9-06 showing the current project area (portions of parcels 17 and 51). RC-0518 4 Figure 3. 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RC-0518 -_ ~D-., .. 4 2 h~ 'x'41 r ~ t:;t ~ ~ ;~. ,, t r ~ r , ~ ' ~ ~ ,~, ~ tr r " ~ ~F ;~: ~i t tF 1! ~! i ~, d' ~~ .v ~ y~C '_ f s.r ~ . '~ r'v n ~ i s '.~ f ~ ~ `~ h i ~ - a 4~' F -: a. "" t~ ~ • ~ ~ mo ,: '~ r'. ~• ~ ~ ~ ° .e - t ~, t , ,. 1J ; r. ~ ~ + u ~= Figure 6. Modern rock wall along the boundary of TMK:3-6-9-01:27, view to northwest. 6 Figure 7. Paved pathway leading to the Puako petroglyph field, view to west RC-0518 BACKGROUND To generate set of expectations regarding the nature of archaeological resources that might be encountered on the study parcel, and to establish an environment within which to assess the significance of any such resources, previous archaeological studies relative to the project area and a general historical context for the region are summazized. Previous Archaeological Research Multiple archaeological studies have been conducted in the Puako azea and in the surrounding ahupua'a from Kawaihae, south to Anaeho`omalu Bay (Table 1). These investigations vary from general reconnaissance level surveys to intensive data recovery efforts and have identified a range of archaeological and historical site types in this coastal setting. Sites types recorded in the coastal portions of Puako consist of caves (lava tubes), petroglyphs, cairns, trails, rock and cave shelters, refuge caves, burials, a holua slide, and features associated with both temporary and permanent habitation including: house platforms, overhangs, terraces, modified outcrops, paved azeas, U-shape enclosures, sinkholes, walls, and rubble excavation areas. Coastal and inland (mauka/makai) trail networks have been documented throughout the South Kohala and North Kona Districts and were most likely used for coastal travel between ahupua'a and for resource exchange between the coastal areas and the upland agricultural fields. The trade network established would allow for the exchange of marine resources for the agricultural products cultivated from the higher (upland agricultural zone) elevations including the extensive agricultural complexes of Waimea and Po`opo`o near Keamuku (Jensen 1994:12). The absence or minimal presence of agricultural features in this coastal zone suggests an emphasis on marine exploitation. Table 1. Previous Archaeolosical-Historical Investigations. Year Author Ahupua `a T pe of Stu 1930 Reinecke General Reconnaissance n.d. Emory Lalamilo Excavation 1964 Smart Lalamilo Excavation 1971 Ching General Intensive survey 1972 Rosendahl Waikoloa, Lalamilo Excavation 1972 Rosendahl Lalamilo Reconnaissance 1973 Barrera General Intensive survey 1975 Kirch Waikoloa Intensive survey, excavation 1979 Kirch Lalamilo Excavation 1980 Kennedy Lalamilo Intensive survey 1982 Kaschko and Rosendahl Kawaihae 2"d, `buli Reconnaissance, historical 1982 Tomonari-Tuggle Lalamilo Reconnaissance 1983 Rosendahl `Ouli Intensive survey 1983 Clark and Kirch General Intensive survey 1984 Welch Lalamilo Intensive survey 1985 Rosendahl Kukio 1g` Reconnaissance 1988 Welch Lalamilo Intensive survey, excavation 1989 Welch Lalamilo Intensive survey, excavation 1989 Jensen Waikoloa Intensive survey 1989 Jensen `Anaeho`omalu Excavation 1989 Jensen Waikoloa Intensive survey 1990 Carlson and Rosendahl Kawaihae 2"d Intensive survey 1991 Jensen Waikoloa Excavation 1992 Dunn and Rosendahl Lalamilo Intensive survey, excavation 1992 Burgett et al. Lalamilo Intensive survey, excavation 1993 Greene Kawaihae Arch./Historical Assessment 1993 Graves `buli Data recove continued on next page RC-0518 1 1 1 Table 1 continued. Year Author Ahupua'a Type of Study 1993 Boudreau and Graves Lalamilo Data recovery 1993 Maly and Rosendahl `~uli Archaeological Site Preservation Plan and Historical Overview 1994 Landrum and Williams `Anaeho`omalu Archaeological 1995 Nees and Williams `Anaeho`omalu Archaeological 1996 Ogden `Anaeho`omalu Archaeological Site Preservation Plan 2002 Dougherty and Rechtman Lalamilo Archaeological and Cultural __ Assessment These studies have also established settlement patterns and proposed chronological constructs of this area and provide dates, established primarily through hydration rind dating techniques, for initial temporary coastal occupation, permanent coastal and upland habitation, and the population decline during the Postcontact Period. Though these dates correlate with the existing settlement models and chronology, the dating technique used has been questioned because of the volcanic rind formation vaziables that include temperature, moisture, and the chemical composition of the sample in addition to the difficulty of accurately measuring the hydration rind (Olson 1983). The Puako Petroglyph Archaeological District (SIHP Site No. 4713), located northeast of current project area, was nominated to the National Register of Historic Places by Myra Tomonari-Tuggle and David Tuggle on behalf of the Waimea Hawaiian Civic Club and Mauna Lani Resort (Dunn 1992, Appendix B:B-6). The site was listed on the State of Hawaii Register of Historic Places in 1982, and in April of 1983 it was listed on the National Register. The site area was formally recorded by the Bishop Museum in 1964 (Kennedy 1980) and was noted as "being one of the largest fields of its kind in the Hawaiian Islands" (Dunn 1992, Appendix B:B-4); the petroglyph azea consists of three major groupings of more than 3,000 incised figures and represents some of the oldest images in the Hawaiian Islands. Two of the previous studies were conducted adjacent to the current project azea. These are an inventory survey for a previously completed extension to Puako Beach Drive (Burgett and Rosendahl 1990; Dunn and Rosendahl 1992), and work conducted at the Paniau parcel (TMK: 3-6-9-01:27) located directly makai of the current survey area (Kennedy 1980). Twenty-five sites containing a total of 75 features were recorded within the Puako Beach Drive extension corridor (located at the northern termination of the current survey corridor; Dunn and Rosendahl 1992). Twenty-four sites containing a total of 47 features were recorded on the Paniau parcel (Dunn and Rosendahl 1992). Formal feature types recorded during these studies included caves, petroglyphs, terraces, modified outcrops, overhangs, modified sinks, pdhoehoe excavations, mounds, walls and enclosures. Most of these previously recorded sites were interpreted as being used for or related to Precontact coastal- habitation (Dunn and Rosendahl 1992). Furthermore, Jensen (1992) reports that radiocarbon age determinations from the Paniau parcel suggest that primary costal habitation occurred between A.D. 1640 and A.n.1890. Cultural-Historical Contents A generalized Cultural-Historical context for Hawaii Island, South Kohala District, and the specific study ahupua `a, along with the expected settlement patterns for the azea aze presented in order to assess the current project area expectations. A Generalized Model of Hawaiian Prehistory The generalized cultural sequence that follows is based on Kirch's (1985) model. The Settlement or Colonization Period is believed to have occurred in Hawaii between AD 300-600 from the southern Marquesas Islands. This was a period of great exploitation and environmental modification, when early Hawaiian farmers developed new subsistence strategies by adapting their familiar patterns and traditional tools to their new environment (Kirch 1985; Pogue 1978). Their ancient and ingrained philosophy of life RC-0518 tied them to their environment and kept order. Order was further assured by the conical clan principle of genealogical seniority (Kirch 1984). According to Fornander (1969), the Hawaiians brought from their homeland certain universal Polynesian customs: the major gods Kane, Ku, and Lono; the kapu system of law and order; cities of refuge; the `aumakua concept; various superstitions; and the concept of mana. The Development Period (A.D. 600-1100) brought about a uniquely Hawaiian culture. The portable artifacts found in azchaeological sites of this period reflect not only an evolution of the traditional tools, but some distinctly Hawaiian inventions. The adze (ko `i) evolved from the typical Polynesian variations of piano-convex, trapezoidal, and reverse-triangular cross-section to a very standard Hawaiian rectangulaz quadrangular tanged adze. A few areas in Hawaii produced quality basalt for adze production. Mauna Kea on the island of Hawaii was awell-known adze quazry. The two-piece fishhook and the octopus-lure breadloaf sinker are Hawaiian inventions of this period, as are `ulu maika stones and lei niho palaoa. The later was a status item worn by those of high rank, indicating a trend towazd greater status differentiation (Kirch 1985). The Expansion Period (A.D. 1100-1650) is chazacterized by the greatest social stratification, major socioeconomic changes, and intensive land modification. Most of the ecologically favorable zones of the windward and coastal regions of all major islands were settled and the more marginal leewazd areas were being developed. Early dates from leeward Kohala (Kapa`anui) were reported by Dunn and Rosendahl (1989); these sites are believed to have been temporary campsites (Wulzen and Goodfellow 1995). The greatest population growth occurred during the Expansion Period. Subsistence patterns intensified as crop farming evolved into lazge irrigated field systems and expanded into the marginal dryland areas. The loko or fishpond aquaculture flourished during this period (Bellwood 1978; Kirch 1985). It was during the Expansion Period that a second major migration settled in Hawaii, this time from Tahiti in the Society Islands. According to Kamakau (1976) the kahuna Pa`ao settled in the islands during the 13"' century. Pa`ao was the keeper of the god Ku`ka`ilimoku, who had fought bitterly with his older brother, the high priest Lonopele. After much tragedy on both sides, Pa`ao escaped Lonopele's wrath by fleeing in a canoe. Kamakau (1991:100-102) told the following story in 1866: Puna on Hawaii Island was the first land reached by Pa`ao, and here in Puna he built his first heiau for his god Aha`ula and named it Aha`ula [Waha`ula]. It was a luakini. From Puna, Pa`ao went on to land in Kohala, at Pu`uepa. He built a heiau there called Mo`okini, a luakini. It is thought that Pa`ao came to Hawaii in the time of the ali'i La'au because Pili ruled as mo`i after La`au. You will see Pili there in the line of succession, the mo`o ku`auhau, of Hanala`anui. It was said that Hawaii Island was without a chief, and so a chief was brought from Kahiki; this is according to chiefly genealogies. Hawaii Island had been without a chief for a long time, and the chiefs of Hawaii were ali`i maka`ainana or just commoners. There were seventeen generations during which Hawaii Island was without chiefs-some eight hundred yeazs. There are several versions of this story that are discussed by Beckwith (1976), including the version where Mo`okini and Kaluawilinau, two kahuna of Moikeha, decide to stay on at Kohala. The bones of the kahuna Pa`ao are said to be deposited in a burial cave in Kohala in Pu`uwepa [possibly Pu`uepa?] (Kamakau 1964:41). The concept of the ahupua `a was established during the A.D. 1400s (Kirch 1985), adding another component to a then well-stratified society. This land unit became the equivalent of a local community, with its own social, economic, and political significance. Ahupua'a were ruled by ali `i 'ai ahupua'a or lesser chiefs; who, for the most part, had complete autonomy over this generally economically self- supporting piece of land, which was managed by a konohiki. Ahupua'a were usually wedge or pie-shaped, incorporating all of the eco-zones from the mountains to the sea and for several hundred yards beyond the shore, assuring a diverse subsistence resource base (Hommon 1986). The ali'i and the maka'ainana (commoners) were not confined to the boundaries of the ahupua `a; when there was a perceived need, they also shared with their neighbor ahupua'a ohana (Hono-ko-hou 1974). The ahupua `a was further divided into smaller sections such as the 'iii, mo'o `aina, pauku `aina, RC-0518 kihapai, koele, hakuone, and kuakua (Hommon 1986, Pogue 1978). The chiefs of these land units gave ' their allegiance to a territorial chief or mo `i (king). Heiau building flourished during this period as religion became more complex and embedded in a sociopolitical climate of territorial competition. Monumental azchitecture, such as heiau, "played a key role as visual mazkers of chiefly dominance" (Kirch 1990:206). The Proto-Historic Period (A.n. 1650-1795) is mazked by both intensification and stress. Wars occurred between infra-island and inter-island polities. Sometime between A.D. 1736 and 1758, in the reign of Kalaniopu`u, Kamehameha I was born in the ahupua'a of Kokoiki, North Kohala neaz the Mo`okini Heiau [there is some controversy about his birth yeaz, see Kamakau 1992:66-68]. It has been related that at ' the time of his birth an army was encamped on the leeward Kohala shore, between the ahupua `a of Koai`e and Pu`uwepa, preparing for an attack on Maui (Kamakau 1964:67; Tomonari-Tuggle 1988:I-57). The birth event is said to have occurred on a stormy night of rain, thunder, and lightning, signified the night before ' by a very bright, ominous staz, thought by some to be Halley's comet [this is also controversial] (Kamakau 1992). Kamehameha's ancestral homeland was in Halawa, North Kohala (Williams 1919). This period was one of continual conquest by the reigning ali `i. Ke`eaumoku, son of Keawepoepoe, set ' up a fort at Pololu and Honokane; he was attacked there by Kalaniopu`u, so he moved to Maui. About A.D. 1759 Kalani`opu`u conquered East Maui, defeating his wife's brother, the Maui king Kamehamehanui, by using Hana's prominent Pu`u Kau`iki as his fortress. He appointed one of his Hawaii chiefs, Puna, as governor of Hana and Kipahulu. Kahekili became king of Maui in A.D. 1766 when Kamehamehanui died ' following an illness. Ke`eaumoku took his widow, Namahana, a cousin of Kamehameha I, as his wife. Their daughter, Ka`ahumanu, the future favorite wife of Kamehameha I, was born in a cave at the base of Pu`u Kau`iki, Hana, Maui in A.D. 1768 (Kamakau 1992). In A.D. 1775 Kalani`opu`u and his Hana forces ' raided and destroyed the neighboring Kaupo district, then launched several more raids on Molokai, Lanai, Kaho`olawe, and parts of West Maui. It was at the battle of Kalaeoka`ilio that Kamehameha, a favorite of Kalaniopu`u, was first recognized as a great warrior and given the name of Pai`ea (hazd-shelled crab) by the Maui chiefs and warriors (Kamakau 1992). During the battles between Kalaniopu`u and Kahekili ' (1777-1779), Ka`ahumanu and her pazents left Maui to live on the island of Hawaii (Kamakau 1992). History After Contact Captain James Cook landed in the Hawaiian Islands on January 18, 1778. Ten months later, on a return trip to Hawaiian waters, Kalaniopu`u, who was at waz with Kahekili, visited Cook on boazd the Resolution off the East coast of Maui. Kamehameha observed this meeting, but chose not to participate. The following January [1779], Cook and Kalaniopu`u met again in Kealakekua Bay and exchanged gifts. In February, ' Cook set sail; however, a severe storm off the Kohala coast damaged a mast and they had to return to Kealakekua. Cook's return occurred at an inopportune time, and this misfortune cost him his life (Kuykendall and Day 1976). ' Around A.D. 1780 Kalaniopu`u proclaimed that his son Kiwalao would be his successor, and he gave the guazdianship of the war god Ku`ka`ilimoku to Kamehameha. Kamehameha and a few other chiefs were concerned about their land claims, which Kiwalao did not seem to honor, so after usurping Kiwalao's ' authority with a sacrificial ritual, Kamehameha retreated to his district of Kohala. While in Kohala, Kamehameha farmed the land, growing tazo and sweet potatoes (Handy and Handy 1972). After Kalani`opu`u died in A.D. 1782 civil waz broke out: Kiwalao was killed. The wazs between Maui and Hawaii continued until A.D. 1795 (Kuykendall and Day 1976; Handy and Handy 1972). In A.D. 1790 two American vessels, the Eleanora and Fair American, were in Hawaiian waters. Following an altercation between his crew and natives, the Captain of the Eleanora massacred more than 100 natives at Olowalu [Maui], then sailed away leaving one of its crew, John Young, on land. The other vessel, the Fair American, was captured off the west Hawaii coast and its crew killed except for one member, Issac Davis. Kamehameha also observed this but did not participate, although he did prevent Young and Davis from leaving. He also kept the vessel as part of his fleet. Young eventually became governor of the island of Hawaii. By 1796 Kamehameha had conquered all the island kingdoms except Kauai. It wasn't until 1810, when Kaumuali`i of Kauai gave his allegiance to Kamehameha, that the Hawaiian Islands were unified under one ruler (Kuykendall and Day 1976). 10 RC-0518 Demographic trends during this period indicate population reduction in some areas, due to war and disease, yet increases in others, with relatively little change in material culture. However, there was a continued trend toward craft and status specialization, intensification of agriculture, ali `i controlled aquaculture, upland residential sites, and the enhancement of traditional oral history. The Ku cult, luakini heiau, and the kapu system were at their peaks, although western influence was already altering the cultural fabric of the Islands (Kirch 1985; Kent 1983). Foreigners had introduced the concept of trade for profit, and by the time Kamehameha I had conquered Oahu, Maui and Molokai, in 1795, the women of Hawaii had learned the profitable concept of prostitution (Kent 1983). This marked the end of the Proto-Historic Period and the end of an era of uniquely Hawaiian culture. Hawai`i's culture and economy continued to change drastically as capitalism and industry established a firm foothold. The sandalwood (Santalum ellipticum) trade, established by Euro-Americans in 1790 and turned into a viable commercial enterprise by 1805 (Oliver 1961), was flourishing by 1810. This added to the breakdown of the traditional subsistence system, as farmers and fishermen were ordered to spend most of their time logging, resulting in food shortages and famine that led to a population decline. Kamehameha did manage to maintain some control over the trade (Kuykendall and Day 1976; Kent 1983). Kamehameha I died on May 8, 1819 in Kailua-Kona, and once again the culture of Hawaii was to change radically. Six months after his death, his son and successor, Liholiho (Kamehameha II), met with kuhina nui, Ka`ahumanu, and a council of chiefs and chiefesses at Kawaihae. His advisors, which included the kahuna Hewahewa, convinced him to abolish the kapu system. He signified his agreement by sitting down and eating with his mother Keopulani, breaking the 'ai kapu (Oliver 1961; Kuykendall and Day 1976; Kamakau 1992). Liholiho's cousin, Kekuaokalani, caretaker of the war god Ku-Kailimoku, disagreed and revolted. By December of 1819 the revolution was quelled. Kamehameha II sent edicts throughout the kingdom renouncing the ancient state religion, ordering the destruction of the heiau images, and ordering that the heiau structures be destroyed or abandoned and left to deteriorate. He did, however, allow the personal family religion, the `aumakua worship, to continue (Oliver 1961; Kamakau 1992). In October of 1819, seventeen Protestant missionaries set sail from Boston to Hawaii. They arrived in Kailua-Kona on March 30, 1820 to a society with a religious void to fill. Many of the ali'i, who were already exposed to western material culture, welcomed the opportunity to become educated in a western style and adopt their dress and religion. Soon they were rewarding their teachers with land and positions in the Hawaiian government. During this period, the sandalwood trade was wreaking havoc on the commoners, who were weakening with the heavy production, exposure, and famine just to fill the coffers of the ali'i who were no longer under any traditional constraints (Oliver 1961; Kuykendall and Day 1976). On a stopover in the Kohala district Ellis wrote: About eleven at night we reached Towaihae [Kawaihae], where we were kindly received by Mr. Young.... Before daylight on the 22nd, we were roused by vast multitudes of people passing through the district from Waimea with sandal-wood, which had been cut in the adjacent mountains for Karaimoku, by the people of Waimea, and which the people of Kohala, as far as the north point, had been ordered to bring down to his storehouse on the beach, for the purpose of its being shipped to Oahu. There were between two and three thousand men, carrying each from one to six pieces of sandal-wood, according to their size and weight. It was generally tied on their backs by bands of ti leaves, passed over the shoulders and under the arms, and fastened across their breasts. (Kuykendall and Day 1976:42, 43; Ellis 1984:397) The lack of control of the sandalwood trade was to soon lead to the first Hawaiian national debt as promissory notes and levies were initiated by American traders and enforced by American warships (Oliver 1961). The Hawaiian culture was well on its way towards Western assimilation as industry in Hawaii went from the sandalwood trade, to a short-lived whaling industry, to the more lucrative, but environmentally destructive sugar industry. The windward portions of Kohala became a center of sugarcane production, although sugarcane cultivation in Kohala had its origins in prehistory. 11 RC-0518 Pukui (1983) cites two proverbs that reference both Kohala and sugarcane. She provides an explanation and notes that Hawaiian proverbs have layers of meaning that are best left to the imagination of the reader: He pa'a ko kea no Kohala, a kole ai ka waha ke 'ai A resistant white sugaz cane of Kohala that injures the mouth when eaten. Pukui explains this proverb as follows: A person that one does not tamper with. This was the retort of Pupukea, a Hawaii chief, when the Maui chief Makakuikalani made fun of his small stature. It was later used in praise of the warriors of Kohala, who were known for valor (1983:95). I `ike `ia no o Kohala i ka pae ko, a o ka pae ko is kole ai ka waha. One can recognize Kohala by her rows of sugar cane which can make the mouth raw when chewed. Pukui interprets this proverb as follows: When one wanted to fight a Kohala warrior, he would have to be a very good warrior to succeed. Kohala men were vigorous, brave, and strong (1983:127). Sugarcane (Saccharum o~cinarum) was a Polynesian introduction and served a variety of uses. The ko ' kea or white cane was the most common, usually planted near Hawaiian homes for medicinal purposes, and to counteract bad tastes (Handy and Handy 1972:185). Sugarcane was a snack, condiment, famine food; fed to nursing babies, and helped to strengthen children's teeth by chewing on it (Handy and Handy 1972:187). ' It was used to thatch houses when pill grass (Heteropogon contortus) or lau hala (Pandanus odortissimus) were not abundant (Halo 1903). Sugarcane was also used in relation to taro and sweet potato. Handy and Handy (1972:186) explain: In wet-tazo farming, cane was planted along the embankments separating the flooded ' terraces and flats. In dry-taro and sweet-potato fields on the sloping kula or in the lower forest zone, cane was planted as hedges along the lines of stone and rubbish thrown up between the fields. Thus it helped the planter to utilize to the maximum ' his soil and water, and acted as a windbreak against the gusty breezes which blow in most valley bottoms, along the coasts, and on the uplands where tazo is grown. Sugarcane was grown on all islands, and when Cook arrived he wrote of seeing sugarcane plantations. ' The Chinese on Lanai are credited with producing sugar first, as eazly as 1802. However, it was not until 1835 that sugar became established commercially, replacing the waning sandalwood industry (Oliver 1961, Kuykendall and Day 1976). ' Puako and Lalamilo Ahupua`a The name Puako literally translates as "sugarcane blossom" (Pukui et al. 1974). Early land use in the coastal Puako area focused primarily on marine resource procurement with an emphasis on salt production. ' The legends surrounding the naming of Puako also mention salt production, which was documented by eazly explorers: "The next morning, Puako rose early and began carrying sea water to the salt ponds for making salt" (Fornander 1916-1917 Vol. 4-3:560-568). Prior to the Mahele, present day Lalamilo Ahupua`a was referred to as Waikoloa Iki. Dunn (1992) elaborates on the place names of the area: ' Early references refer to the area of Lalamilo as "Puako"; the name of Puako today refers to a small village on the coast of Lalamilo. Land Index records of the mid-1800s reveal that Lalamilo was the name of an `ili in Puako, but a 1928 Territory of Hawaii map and ' later references show the ahupua`a is named Lalamilo. Whether the ahupua'a of Puako got absorbed into other ahupua'a and the 'ili of Lalamilo became an ahupua'a itself, or the names just got switched around is uncleaz (Dunn 1992, Appendix B:B-1). 12 RC-0518 By the middle of the nineteenth century the ever-growing population of Westerners forced socioeconomic and demographic changes that promoted the establishment of a Euro-American style of land ownership, and the Great Mahele became the vehicle for determining ownership of native lands. During this period, termed the Legacy of the Great Mahele (1848-1899), land interests of the King (Kamehameha III), the high-ranking chiefs, and the low-ranking chiefs, the konohiki, were defined. The chiefs and konohiki were required to present their claims to the Land Commission to receive awards for lands provided to them by Kamehameha III. They were also required to provide commutations to the government in order to receive royal patents on their awards. The lands were identified by name only, with the understanding that the ancient boundaries would prevail until the land could be surveyed. This process expedited the work of the Land Commission (Chinen 1961:13). During the Mahele all lands were placed in one of three categories: Crown Lands (for the occupant of the throne), Government Lands, and Konohiki Lands. All three types of land were subject to the rights of the native tenants therein. In 1862, the Commission of Boundazies (Boundary Commission) was established in the Kingdom of Hawaii to legally set the boundazies of all the ahupua'a that had been awazded as a part of the Mahele. Subsequently, in 1874, the Commissioners of Boundaries was authorized to certify the boundaries for lands brought before them. T'he primary informants for the boundary descriptions were old native residents of the lands, many of which had also been claimants for kuleana during the Mahele. This information was collected primarily between A.D. 1873 and 1885 and was usually given in Hawaiian and transcribed in English as they occurred. As a result of the Mahele, the ahupua`a of Lalalimo was awazded to Lunalilo (Kamehameha V), and Land Commission records indicate that four residential kuleana were awarded along the coast in Puako (Maly 1999): LCA 8559-B to William Charles Lunalilo -Ili of Puako and Lalamilo, Kalana of Waimea. (Foreign Testimony Vol. 16:81) LCA 3736 to Petero Wahakane - I have three places to describe: at Puako is a house lot, at Waimea is a house lot, at Waipio aze 17 tazo pond fields (loi), District 6, Hawaii. (Native Register Vol. 8:52) LCA 3758 to `Akahi (w.) - I have a house lot at Puako, in Waimea, at the shore. It is 16 fathoms long and 16 fathoms wide. It has been surrounded with a stone wall from ancient times. (Native Register Vol. 8:52) LCA 4099 to Keawekuloa, Kaholoaa & Kahumoku -Here is our claim for a lot at Puako, Waimea, Hawaii. It is 40 fathoms by 40 fathoms. Within this lot are 5 houses, 7 coconut trees, 2 hala trees and 5 salt making ponds. (Native Register Vol. 8:384) LCA 4102 to Kamahiai - I hereby describe to you my house lot a Puako... The circumference is 80 fathoms, it is for you to affirm. I am your obedient servant. (Native Register Vol. 8:65) Land use in the early 1900s in Lalamilo centered primarily on sugaz plantation operations. By 1902, John and Robert Hind and W. Vredenburg formed the Puako Sugaz Plantation on lands they leased and purchased from Pazker Ranch (Maly 1999). A wharf was constructed to facilitate the shipment of materials for mill construction (Puako Historical Society 2000), and a rail line connected the mill operations with field operations. Improvements to the plantation included the construction of an approximately eight-mile tong section of flume that carried water from Waimea Stream to the plantation. However, due to micro- climatic changes in the upland regionsm, and abnormally dry weather, the stream dried up prior to the flume's completion. As a result, the sugar company's venture failed by 1914. Hind continued to foster other economic developments along the coastal portions of Lalamilo including "extending his ranching interests (a kiawe feed lot and cattle shipping operation), honey making, and making charcoal on his lease lands" (Maly 1999:118). 13 RC-0518 In 1937, Annabelle Nako`olaniohakau Low-Ruddle and her husband Albert traded some of their Hilo ' lands for roughly 7.5 acres of government land directly makai of the current project area (Grant No. 10559; TMK: 3-6-9-01:27; the Paniau parcel). Because of the parcel's close proximity to "Ka lae o Kapaniau" (Paniau Point), the parcel became known as Paniau (Maly 1999:126). The Ruddles cleazed portions of the property and built two houses near the shore (Puako Historical Society 2000). Initial access to the area was ' by boat, but during World War II, the U. S. Marine Corps bulldozed a coastal road through Puako, allowing for the first vehicular access to Paniau. The Ruddle family purchased an army jeep after the war and they were the first family to travel the roads by vehicle (Puako Historical Society 2000). ' The United States Military also used this coastal azea, lands further north around Hapuna, and the upland areas of Waikoloa for World War II training exercises. Use of the area included the construction of "many small defensive outposts along ridges and elsewhere" (Jensen 1994:14). Modern use of the Puako ' area consists mostly of residential and resort development with a few integrated commercial ventures. AHUPUA`A SETTLEMENT PATTERNS AND PROJECT ' AREA EXPECTATIONS The initial occupation of the coastal segments of western Hawaii Island "probably occurred c. A.U. 600 at Anaeho`omalu and was restricted to temporary habitation features" (Jensen 1994:10). The early populations in this area would have most likely remained relatively small in numbers and focused primarily ' upon marine resource procurement. This coastal population remained relatively stable until c. A.U. 1200 when population expansion occurred and populations may have become more sedentary and expanded into multiple environmental zones (upland agricultural elevations). The population of the coastal azea continued ' to expand through c. A.U. 1500 with more permanent habitation settlements in both the coastal and upland settings. Permanent habitations in both the coastal and upland areas continued though A.D. 1650 and were evidenced by the numerous permanent habitation features at Kalahuipua`a. The population of western ' Hawaii Island decreased dramatically in the Postcontact Period; population decrease in outlying rural areas resulted from both the introduction of European diseases and from the migration towazd more central populations centers (Allen 2001). ' Given the results of previous work in coastal Puako, it is expected that archaeological resources present within the current survey corridor may include Precontact habitation associated features consisting of platforms, caves, overhangs, enclosures, and trails. Burials, if present, may be discovered within platforms or caves. Agricultural remains could be present in the form of mounds, enclosures, or modified ' depressions. The extensive amount of modern development that has taken place in the vicinity of the current project area has likely had a negative impact on any archaeological resources that are present. ' FIELDWORK On October 9, 2007 Matthew R. Clark, B.A. and Christopher S. Hand, B.A., Ashton K. Dirks, B.A., and Michael K. Vitousek, B.A. conducted an intensive on-foot archaeological survey of the survey corridor ' under the direction of Robert B, Rechtman, Ph.D. Methods ' The survey corridor was thoroughly inspected utilizing north/south pedestrian transects with fieldworkers spaced at ten-meter intervals. When azchaeological resources were encountered, they were plotted on a map of the proposed development area using a Garmin 76s handheld GPS technology (with sub five-meter ' accuracy), and then cleared of vegetation, mapped in detail, photographed, and described using standazdized site record forms. Findings ' As a result of the current inventory survey a single archaeological site (Site 26258; a trail) was recorded at the southern end of the survey corridor (Figure 8). A detailed description of the recorded site follows below. 14 RC-0518 ~, i •,~ 4 ' N 0 10 20 ~ ' Scale in meters ;~ o TMK:3-6-9-06:51 por. ~~ Survey corridor r i ----- Parcel boundary ~ i -•''- ulldozed .- ••••••••• Limits of Bulldozing ,,•-'~ i e Modern rock wall ~ t. ~_ i~. i Paniau Parcel ~ Grant No. l 0599 ~ TMK:3-6-9-01:27 ~ i• i• i• ~ TMK: 3-6-9-01: 17 por. ' ~' i' proposed road centerline ~• ~.- ~ ~ ~.ti ~ ~ ~~` J~ Anchaline pond o4eao~`y~~s,~ ~ ~ ~ ~; ~ ~ ~ Bulldozed ~•_ ' "` ~ Trail to Puako ' •,;',:' 1 petroglyph field i • ' hti~~ - r\r l~ "` '~- Pahoehoe flow ~~ A `d flow ~ 1 Figure S. Site location map. 15 RC-0518 SIHP Site 26258 ' Site 26258 consists of a roughly 25-meter long trail segment (within the current project area) that runs in a northeasterly/southwesterly direction across an 'a `a flow between the Holoholo Kai Beach Pazk access road and the paved pathway leading to the Puakii petroglyph field (see Figure 8). The trail is bazely ' discernable as a roughly 1.0 meter wide pathway that has been cleared of larger 'a `a cobbles, leaving an 'a `a clinker trail of small cobbles and gravels that is darker in appearance than the surrounding natural flow (Figures 9 and 10). Identification of this trail segment was made difficult by the modern bulldozing and paving that had occurred at both its ends, and by bulldozer push that has tumbled onto its surface from a ' rough bulldozer cut along its makai edge. The areas northeast and southwest of the pavement at either end of Site 26258 were thoroughly examined for a continuation of the trail. To the northeast, no further continuation of the trail was identified (it is likely that the trail once continued to the coast at Paniau prior to the development of that parcel). To the southwest, Site 26258 continues on the other side of the ' Holoholo Kai Beach Park access road for roughly 30 meters between the road and bulldozing along the Mauna Lani Resort Golf Course (Figure 11). 1 n 16 1 Figure 9. SIHP Site 26258, view to northeast (trail to Puako petroglyph field in background). RC-0518 Figure 1 I . SIHP Site 26258, view to northeast (Holoholo Kai Beach Park access road in background). 17 Figure 10. SIHP Site 26258, view to south (Holoholo Kai Beach Park access road and the Mauna Lani Resort in background). RC-0518 SIGNIFICANCE EVALUATION AND TREATMENT RECOMMENDATIONS Site 26258 is assessed for significance based on criteria established and promoted by the DLNR-SHPD and contained in the Hawaii Administrative Rules 13§13-284-6. This significance evaluation should be considered as preliminary until DLNR-SHPD provides concurrence. For a resource to be considered significant it must possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association and meet one or more of the following criteria: A Be associated with events that have made an important contribution to the broad patterns of our history; B Be associated with the lives of persons important in our past; C Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction; represent the work of a master; or possess high artistic value; D Have yielded, or is likely to yield, information important for research on prehistory or history; r 1 1 C 1 E Have an important traditional cultural value to the native Hawaiian people or to another ethnic group of the state due to associations with traditional cultural practices once carried out, or still carried out, at the property or due to associations with traditional beliefs, events or oral accounts-these associations being important to the group's history and cultural identity. Site 26258 is considered significant under Criterion D for information it has presented relative to past land use within the current project area. Site 26258 has already been partially destroyed. Any further potential adverse impacts to Site 26258 resulting from the proposed emergency access road have been successfully mitigated by information collected during the current study. As such, no further work is the recommended treatment for this site. REFERENCES CITED Allen, M. 2001 Gardens of Lono: Archaeological Investigations at the Amy B. H. Greemvell Ethnobotanical Gardens, Kealakekua, Hawai `i. Bishop Museum Press: Honolulu, Hawaii. (Editor) Barrera, W. 1973 Archaeological and Historical Surveys of the Waimea to Kawaihae Road Corridor, Island of Hawaii. Departmental Repot Series 74(1). Department of Anthropology, B.P. Bishop Museum. Beckwith, M. 1976 Hawaiian Mythology. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. Bellwood, P. 1978 The Polynesians, Prehistory of an Island People. London: Thames and Hudson, Ltd. Boudreau, M. and D. Graves 1993 Archaeological Mitigation Program, Puako Road Extension Corridor, Phase II -Data Recovery and Interim Site Preservation, Land of Lalamilo, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii (3-6-9:01:12,17). PHRI Interim Report 1187-100192. Prepared for Paniau Partners. 18 RC-0518 Burgett, B, and P. Rosendahl 1990 Phase I-Site Identification Phased Archaeological Inventory Survey, Puako Beach Road Extension Corridor, Land of Lalamilo, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii (TMK:3- 6-9-O1:Por.12). PHRI Report 715-101890. Prepared for The Keith Companies, Hawaii. Burgett, B, P. Rosendahl, and S. Goodfellow 1992 Preliminary Report: Background, Summary of Findings, and General Significance Assessments and Recommended General Treatments, Phase I -Site Identification, Phased Archaeological Inventory Survey, Hapuna State Park Expansion Area. Land of Lalamilo, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii. PHRI Report 855-092790. Prepazed for Mr. Warren M. Harrison. Carlson, A. and P. Rosendahl 1990 Summary of Findings, and General Significance Assessments and Recommended General Treatments, Phase II -Data Collection, Phased Archaeological Inventory Survey, Queen's Lands at Mauna Kea, Land of Kawaihae 2nd, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii. PHRI Interim Report 591-030990. Prepazed for Mauna Kea Properties, Inc. Chinen, J. 1961 Original Land Titles in Hawaii. Honolulu: privately published. Ching, F. Jr. 1971 The Archaeology of South Kohala and North Kona: From the Ahupua`a of Lalamilo to the Ahupua`a of Hamanamana. Surface Survey Kailua-Kawaihae Road Corridor (Section III). Hawaii State Archaeological Journal 71-1. Department of Land and Natural Resources. Clark, J., and P. Kirch, (Eds.) 1983 Archaeological Investigations of the Mudlane-Waimea-Kawaihae Road Corridor, Island of Hawaii. An Interdisciplinary Study of an Environmental Transect. Departmental Report Series 83-1. Department of Anthropology, B.P. 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New York: Cambridge University Press 1985 Feathered Gods and Fishhooks: An Introduction to Hawaiian Archaeology and Prehistory. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 1990 Monumental Architecture and Power in Polynesian Chiefdoms: A Comparison of Tonga and Hawaii. World Archaeology 22(2). Kuykendall, R., and A. Day 1976 Hawaii: A History; From Polynesian Kingdom to American Statehood. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Landrum, J., and S. Williams 1994 Archaeologic) Inventory Survey of Hotel Site 3, Mauna Lani Resort Complex, `Anaeho`omalu `ili Waimea Ahupua`a, South Kohala District, Hawaii Island (TMK 6-8- 22:32). Prepared for Mauna Lani Resort by Ogden Environmental and Energy Services Co., Inc. Malo, D. 1903 Hawaiian Antiquities. B.P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 2. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 21 RC-0518 n I Maly, K. 1999 Na Ala Hele Ma Kai O Kohala Hema. Kumu Pono Associates Report HiAla-17K (043099). 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Olson, L. 1983 Hawaiian Volcanic Glass Applied "Dating" and "Sourcing": Archaeological Context. IN Clark, J.T., and P.V. Kirch, editors, Archaeological Investigations of the Mudlane- Waimea-Kawaihae Road Corridor, Island of Hawaii: An Interdisciplinary Study of an Environmental Transect. Departmental Report Series 83-1:325-340. Department of Anthropology, B.P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Pogue, J. 1858[1978] Mooleo Hawaii. Hale Paipalapala Aupuni, Honolulu (Revised Edition). Puako Historical Society 2000 Puako An Affectionate History. Creative Connections Publishing. Vancouver, B.C. Pukui, M. 1983 `Olelo Noeau, Hawaiian Proverbs & Poetical Sayings. B.P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 71. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. Pukui, M., S. Elbert, and E. Mo`okini 1974 Place Names of Hawaii. Revised and Expanded Edition. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. Reinecke, J. 1930 Survey of West Hawaiian Sites: From Kailua, Kona, to Kalahuipuaa, Kohala. Manuscript. Department of Anthropology, B.P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Rosendahl, P. 1972 Archaeological Salvage of the Hapuna-Anaehoomalu Section of the Kailua-Kawaihae Road (Queen Kahumanu Highway), Island of Hawaii, Department Report Series 72-5. Department of Anthropology, B.P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. 22 RC-0518 1983 Archaeological Investigation of Ouli Coastal Lands, Land of Ouli, South Kohala District, Island of Hawaii: Intensive Survey and Test Excavations on Mauna Kea Beach Resort Lands Between Hapuna Bay and Kaunaoa Bay. PHRI Report 38-030182. Prepared for Mauna Kea Properties, Inc. 1985 Preliminary Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey, Kukio Resort Development Project Area, Kukio 1st, North Kona, Island of Hawaii. PHRI Report 148-010285. Prepared for Phillips, Brandt, Reddick & Associates and Huehue Ranch. Smart, C. 1964 A Report of Excavations on Site H22, Puako, Hawaii Island. B.P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Tomonari-Tuggle, M. 1982 An Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of a Parcel Adjoining the Puako Petroglyph Fields, Puako, Hawaii. Prepared for Waimea Hawaiian Civic Club and Mauna Lani Resort. Welch, D. 1984 Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Area South of the Puako Petroglyph Archaeological District, South Kohala, Hawaii Island, Department of Anthropology, B.P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Prepared for Mauna Lani Resort, Inc. 1988 Field Summary Report. Archaeological Investigations at the Site of the Ritz-Carlton Hotel, Mauna Lani Resort. International Archaeological Research Institute, Inc. Prepazed for Belt, Collins & Associates and Mauna Lani Resort, Inc. 1989 Archaeological Investigations at Pauoa Bay, Ritz Carlton Mauna Lani Resort, South Kohala, Hawaii. Final Report. International Archaeological Reseazch Institute, Inc. Prepared for Belt, Collins and Associates. Williams, J. 1919 A Little Known Engineering Work in Hawaii. TN Thrum's Hawaiian Almanac and Annual for 1919. Thos. G. Thrum, Honolulu. Wulzen, W., and S. Goodfellow 1995 Final Report Phased Archaeological Inventory Survey Phase II -Data Collection Chalon International Mahukona Mauka Pazcel. Lands of Kamano, Mahukona 1st and 2nd, Hihiu, and Ka`oma; North Kohala District, Island of Hawaii (TMK: 3-5-7-02:Por. 27 and 36). Paul H. Rosendahl, Ph.D., Inc., Report 1520-080895, Hilo, Hawaii. Prepared for Chalon International of Hawaii, Inc., Hawi, Hawaii. 23 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PUAKO EMERGENCY ROAD C APPENDIX 4 COMMENTS IN RESPONSE TO PRE-CONSULTATION 1 u u ii NOU-24-2007 10:58 From: 18663166988 R K.. ~• }Tarry Km~ •: '. +-~~ ~~b~ti: ~aIIYtY~ ~# ~?x~T~tt P>~,Ax1~mvG 1vEPAxair~lvx~ 101 Pauahi StreCt, Suite 3 • Hilo, Hawaii 96720-42?~4 (808)961-8288 • FAX (808) 961-8742 Uctnhcr 29, 2407 Mr. Ron Terry Cicometrician Associates, LLG P.Q. Box 396 Hilo, Hawaii 96721 Dear lvlr- Terry: Subject: Pre-Consultation for Draft Enviranrnental Assessment Project: Poaka Emergency Access Road Tex Man Kev: 6-9-Q1 :17 Pa9e:4~12 C4ristop6er d. Yuen Dirrclor Bead Karokawa, ASLA LEED®AP nm~v Dreecr~r This is in response to your two letters, dated Qctoh~~t 1 S, 2407, in which you requested our co~nmc'nts on any special environmental conditions or impacts related to the proposed development, and any inl"orrnation we could prnvide regarding Special Managemelt Area Permit rcquiremenls for the proposcd project. We understand that the prapc~sed project includes the corlslructign of a 625-foot long gravel road within a 3()-foot right-of~way to ccmn~;et the t;ud of Puako Beach Drive to Mauna Lani Resort roadways- 'T'he proposcd roadway wi ll he partially loeatedttt TM K fi-~)-01:17, which is owned by the State of'Hawaii and leased to Mauna Lani Resort, lne. Phis parcel is situated in the State X,and i.7se Cbnscrvation ciistricl. As such, the Hawaii County (?pen zoning and Agriculture A-Sa designatiahs are not applicable. AccnrrSing to the County of Hawaii's General Plan Land LTsc Pattern Allocation Guide Map, the property is dcsilmated for open space uses. "Chc property is also in the Special Management Area. i'ursuant to Rule c)-4(IU}A(i), (ii) Rc (v), Plannini; ('ommission Rules of Practice and Procedure (t'C Rul~;s), the construction of rt madway is defined as "development" and requires the approval of either a SMA Minor ar Major Use Pennil. We understand that the proposed roadway project is estimated to cast approximately $SU,I}OU. 't'herefore, a Special Management Area (SMA) Use Permit Asscssmenl Api,Ncation will be required for review against the SMA guidelines by the Planning Ueparllnent for the isstrauce of a determination by the Planning Dirt;ctor as to whether or not the proposcd project Presents a cumulative impact or a significant adverse environmental or ecological effect on the SMA. Hawaii Coynty is an Nqual Opporlanity Provider and F.mproyer. NOV-24-2007 10:58 From: 18663166988 Pa9e:5~12 ' Mr. Ron Terry Geometrician Associates, i.I,C ' Page 2 . October 29, 200? Please provide this office with a copy of the EA upon its publication. Should you have questions, please feel welcome to contact Dana Okauo or L~siher imamura of my staff at 961- 8288. 5incerely,~ r .~~~~ CH.RI.S'1'OPI.1lR J. U h N Planning Director DO:cd P.~ublicbvpwin601~ana~F.A - FISWcomctrician G-9-1.17 Prz•UEA da NOV-24-2007 10:58 From: 18663166988 Pa9e:6~12 Harry Kim Muvor ~~u~f~r Ixf fu~ti`i DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS Aupunt Center 1(11 1'uuuhi SU+ccx, 5uitc 7 • Hila, Hnwui'i 9f~72f1~22d ($0$)Yfil-$32! Fflx(8Utf)9b1-8630 ()ctahcr 24, 2U(?7 www co hawaii hi ix Mr. Roo 'ferry, Principal Geometrician Associates LLC` 1'.O. $ox 396 Hilo, Hl 96721 Subject: Envirunrncntal Astictisment (IAA) fc>r Puakc- Rmergency Access Roacl. 1'uako, South Kohala UistriCt, Island of I law~ii lfrucc C. McGiurc Director Jiro A. Sumsda 1~~f4N I)irpCJnr We reviewed the subject announcement and have no comments at the present time. We request a copy of lha Ura(~ Environmental Assessment when completed. Thank you for your consideration. if yt.-u ave any questions, please wntact Kiran Emler of our Kona mice at 327-3530. ~alcrt M. Kuba, Divisinn Chief' Engineering [)ivision KE c. ENG - H [LO/KONA Planning T)irector ('aunty of Hawari is an hquai Upportunity Provider and Employ~7. ' NOU-24-2007 10:59 From: 18663166988 t.I1dDA I.INGLE GtlvERNOR r~~ oep ~~~ ~ •~ ''•. A{ A STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH P.O. BOX 916 HILO, HAWA1198721.0918 November .5, 2007 Ron Terry, Principal Geometrician Associates, LLC P.O. BoX 396 Hilo, Hawaii 96721 Dear IVir. Terry, Paee:7~12 CHIYOME L FUKINO, MA. Oireemr m Heebh Subject: i;nvironmental Assessment (EA) for Puako iimergency Access Road, TMK: (3) 6-9-01:17 1 n 1 1 1 The applicant would need to meet the requirements of vur Department of Health Air Pollution Rules, Chapter liU.l, Title i 1, State of Hawaii for fugitive dust control. If there is need to discuss these requirements, please contact our Clean Air 13raneh staff at Ph. 933-0401. The 13epartmenl of Health (DOH), Clean Water Branch (CWB), acknowledges receipt of the subject document on OCtoher 31, 2UU7. 'I'he CWB has reviewed the limited information contained in the subject document and offers the following comments: 1, the Army Corps of Engineers should be ccmtacted at (808) 438-9258 for this project. Pursuant to Fcdcral Water Pollution Control Act (commonly known as the "Clean Water Act" (CWA)), Paragraph 401(a){ 1), a Section 401 Water Quality Certification (WQC) is required for "[a]ny applicant for Federal license or permit to conduct any activity including, but not limited to, the construction or operalipn of facilities, which may result in any discharge into the navigable waters...". The term "discharge" is defined in C;WA, Subsections 502(16), 502(12), and 502(G); Title 40, Cadc of Federal Regulations, Section 122.2, and Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR}, Chapter ] 1-54. 2. In accordance with HAR, Sections 11-55-04 and 11-55-34.05, the I3irector of Health may require the submittal of an individual permit application or a Notice of Intent (NOl) for general permit coverage authorized under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NYllLS). a. An application for an Nl'T7F,S individual permit is to be submitted at leatit 180 days before the commenc;e;ment of the respective activities. The NPDES application forms may also be picked up at our office or downloaded from our wcbsite at NOV-24-2007 10:59 From: 18663166988 Pa9e:8~12 Christopher J. Yuen Page 2 of 4 Novcrnber 6, 2UU7 http://www.hawaii.gov/heal lh/cnvirunm~-nlal/wafer/clcanwatcr/forms/indi v-index.html. b. An NO! to be covered by an NPDES general permit is to be submitted at least 30 days before the conunencetnent of the respective activity. A separate 1VOI is needed for wverage under each NPDES general permit. The NOI forms maybe picked up at our office or downloaded from our website at: http://www.hawaii.aov/health/environmental/wafer/clean_water/forms/t:enl -index.html_ i. Storm water associated with industrial activities, ax defined in Title 4U, Code of Federal Regulations, Sections 122.26(b)(14)(i.) through 122.26(b)(14)(ix) and 122.26(b){14)(xi). [HAR, Chapter 11-SS, Appendix 13] ii, Construction activities, including clearing, grading, and excavation, that result in the disturbance of equal to or greater than one (1) acre of total land area, The total land area includes a contiguous area where multiple separate and distinct construction activities maybe taking place at different times on different schedules under a larger common plan of development or sale. An NPDL`S permit is required before the commencement of the construction activities. [HAR, Chapter 11-55, Appendix C;] iii. Discharges of treated cftluent from leaking underground storage tank remedial activities. [HAR, Chapter 11-55, Appendix D] iv. Discharges of once through cooling water less than one (1) million gallons per day. [HAR., Chapter 11-55, Appendix E] v. Discharges of hydrotesting water. [HAR, Chapter 11-55, Appendix F] vi, Discharges of construction dewatcring effluent. [1lAR, Chapter 11-55, Appendix G] vii. Discharges of treated effluent from petroleum bulk stations and terminals. [HAR, Chapter I1-55, Appendix H] viii. Discharges of treated effluent from well drilling activities. [HAR, Chapter l l -55, Appendix l] ix. Discharges of treated effluent from recycled water distribution systems. [HAR, Chapter 1 l-S5, Appendix J] NOU-24-2007 10:59 From: 18663166988 Page:9~12 Christopher J. Yuen Page 3 of 4 November 6, 2007 x. Discharges of storm water from a small municipal separate storm sewer system. [HAR, Chapter 11-55, Appendix K] xi. Discharges of circulation water from decorative ponds or tanks. [HAR, Chapter 11-55, Appendix L] 2. Fn accordance with IFAR, Section 1 i-55-38, the applicant £or an NPI)llS permit is required to either submit a copy of the new NOi or NPUES permit application to the State Department of Land and Natural Resources, State Historic Preservation Division (SHPD), or demonstrate to the satisfaction of the DOII that the project, activity, or site covered by the NOI or application has been or is being reviewed by SHPD. If applicable, please submit a copy of the request for review by SHPD or SHPD's determination letter for the project. 3. Any discharges related to project construction or operation activities, with or without a Section 4U1 WQC or NYUES permit coverage, shall comply with the applicable State Water Quality Standards as specified in 11AR, Chapter 11-54. 1 1 1 L Hawaii Revised Statutes, Subsection 342D-50(a) requires that "[n]o person, including any public body, shall discharge any water pollutants into state waters, or cause or allow any water pollutant to enter state waters except incompliance with this chapter, rules adopted pursuant to this chapter, or a permit or variance issued by th.e director." If you have any questions, please contact 1VIr. Alec Wong, Supervisor of the Engineering Section, CWl3, at (808) 586-~F309. Construetion activities must wnrply with the provisions of Hawaii Administrative Rules, Chapter 11-46, "Community Noise Control." 1. The contractor must obtain a noise permit if the noise levels from the construction activities arc expected to exceed the allowable levels of the rules. 2. Construction equipment and on-site vehicles requiring an exhaust of gas or air must be equipped with mufflers. 3. The contractor must comply with the requirements pertaining to amstruction activities as specified in the talcs and the conditions issued with the permit. Shou]d there be any questions on this matter, please contact the Department of Health at 933-0917. NOU-24-2007 11:00 From: 18663166988 Pase:10~12 Christopher J, Yuen Page 4 of 4 November 6, 2007 We rrc;c~mmnnd that you rovicw al] of the Standard Gomments on our we6site: www.state.hi.us/hcalth/cn`vitonmentaUenv planning/landuse/landuse.html. Any comments specifically applicable to this project should be adhered to. Sincerely, Newton Tnouye Acting District Environmental Health Program Chief WOkD:EA Puxku Emergency Acce~.c (toad NOV-24-2007 11:00 From: 18663166988 ' LLVDALINGWS MV(N%VAk Ai I.U•.WAR a~~`I F~~ ~ ~ -,:: -•~ J ~._ STATE OF HAWAII Db:1'AR'I'MF:N'I' ()N I:ANI) ANI) IV,1'i'URAL RBSUURCES t'OS'I' Ok~F'ICL: tiC)X A21 HONOLULU. HAWAII 46809 ' RF.F.O(:C.L.MC Kon ~i~crry ' Geometrician n,ssaciatc:T, i.i,C PA Box 3VG Eiilu, HI 9672.1 [] 0 ii 1)car Mr. Terry, SU13Jt:C"1': SL3R7,t)NF; DF.SIC:NATIgN AI.QNG PR()rc)tiGD PUAK() AC:('F.SS ROAD I'uako, South Kona, llawai'i TMK (3) G-9-01:17 Paae:11~12 I.AUII~ x. T111F1 Ian rlumnvllp: klW41 OF I,INR A`fiNARINAI nFAlY1iR1'It 111MMn!iN M IMV pAT'R RIwRIR(F M.INASiFlIR.T NU:fAY11. Y.'ITIII.11 17WTi1471T1y KEN C. KAWAl1ANA I~~Ia11t Unil% I{ M • WA 11 x A(I4' A11( kY$I WML'I~ CKMYPIG ANDOft.AN AI!•ala 1 AM niw.url m Ia NV1YAM•Iz ~'WIMCNIVA IRV wA•n u walNlltlx MAxAt:iulart Il'1N%FIIVAIII N A%1111 fA.'tl Al I AYILY 11fK11lYA'INNi 1N111n~V{,Y[V(}ly F?OLgtf17AFNT 1?V:M~i1Rlfi IYVlIN1RY .~N11 VR 1 %6'1+ IINI1.9lti' IYIFUNVARf W K.lr~ K~I Awu lV AN I IR~AlIIVI:I\AIMC1rN)N ~J1N11 NlAll I'ANI:% Corr HA-U8-79 tdQV - 9 1~~i The Office of Conservation and C'oaslal Lands (OC:C:L) has revicwcxl [he information you provided rCgarding the Conservation District Use Application you are working an for a proposed access mad tr- the 1'uako Community on the ah~ve suhject parcel. Ctur records show that the parcel wntains both Protc;ctivc rind Gcncx-al Subzon~. 'l~he plan you submitted shows thal the; proposed mad will connect Puako Beach Urive with a Mauna [,ani Resort meld. The alignment given appears to iic cnlirti:ly within the Gcncr~l Suhrone_ Please wntacl our ol~iw dgttin shcr'ulci t}IC p,npased alig,urtent cltal~~ Xf yc>u have any questions feel free to cull staff plannca• Michael ~`ain at 5$7-0U4$. 'Yannutl J. I.cmtno, Admiini§trator ~ -~ Ofticc of Conservation and Coastal i,anilx NOV-24-2007 11:00 From: 18663166988 Pase:12~12 ~~ '~y ~~ -~k: +-- ~ ~..,~- ~~~~~ ~ ~~~P °~ ~ I a f ~1 • .~1~~~a ~ auMaarro~~lnuulu,cEU The sun axle ~ me ~iaulihtl ~ x! Mauna Kea wne~e marry runnsnen nr Ski mo 11,000 bal leutl of QHS >•orld gmous wk~nk caw -~ . / Plmteb~PFrmth ~ ~ ~~.(~ ~~~ ' DEC-14-2667 15:21 From: 18663166988 Pa9e:1~2 ' PHONE (808) 5941868 „9 ~ ~ N,, FAX (808) 59A-1885 ~ - .see ' m STATE OF HAWAII ' OFFICE OF HAWAIfAN AFFAIRS 711 KAPI'OIANI BOULEVARD, SUITE 500 HONOLULU, NAWAI'I 96813 HRDU7~3291 ' November l~l, 2UU7 ' Ron Terry Principal C;eomelrician Associates ' PC) Box 39G Hilo, Hawaii 96721 RE: Yre Cansaltation for Paaki~ Emergency Acccsc Road J~nvironmental Assessment (EA), Puako Beach 1}rive, Hawaii, TMK: 3•b•9.01:017. ~Dcar Mr. Terry, The Office of l lawaiian Aff•"airs (C)HA) is in receipt of your request for written cotrunent~; ' for pre consultation for an emergency access road connecting Puako Beach Drive to Mauna Laui Resort on the island u[ Hawaii. C)1iA certainly understands the irnportanee of this project as described and we offer the fallowing comments: ' OHA realises that this arcs is rich in cultural history. We request assurance from the applicant that if iwi kupuna or other cultural deposits are uncovered, work will stop and the applicant will contact the State Historic Preservation Division immediately. (BHA also looks forwarcl to receiving and cunin,enting on the AA when it is complete and ' would find it most helpful if it included a list of pei~iits applied for. OHA also looks for best management practices employed as well as erosion control rtu~asures anticipated to be taken. ' UiiA sees the potential for conslilutionally ptntected puk>'fic and !\Tative Hawaiian access issues to arise and would look for au analysis of the scope of these activities occurring in the project area, the potential impac:•t of the propu`ed project on those activities and the ' actions taken to mitigate these negative rff~x:ts. OHA appreciates having been consulted with at this stage in the project. At this time, ' <')HA does not have any ftnther ccymtncnts. If you have any further questions or concerns please contact Grant Arnold at (80$) 594-U2b3 or gr<uttaCwoha.or~. DEC-14-2007 15:22 From: 18663166988 K<~n'I'crry tiwmetrician Associates Noven~her 14, zoo? t~:~gc z Sinccrcly, . /~ - Q 2f; Clydc . Namu'o Adtninistralor C: Ruby McDonald, Cc>rnrnuni.ty lZcsources Coordinator C?ffice of Hawaiiaui Affairti, Kuna Ufticc 75-5706 Hanarna Place Suite l07 Kailua-Kona, HI 96740 Page:2~2 ' FEB-01-2008 09:12 From:1866316698B Pa9e:2~2 Harry Kim ' Mayor 1 January 28, 2UU8 ~autttp of ~abnaf `i C1VIL DEFENSE AGENCY 920 Ululani Strecl • Hilc-, Flnwnii 967211-3y58 ($U8) 935-0031 • Ta~c (808) 933.6460 Ron Terry, Principal C~eometrieian Associates, LLC P. U. I3ox 396 Hilo, Hawaii 96720 Re: Environmental Assessment 1'or Puako lrmcrgcncy Access Road Tax Map Key: (3rd) 6-9-01:17 Dear Mr. "1'crry: Thank you for the opportunity to continent on this prnpasul project. t The project to provide an emergency access and evacuation route is a good one for the community ol'Puako. !t is emphayired here that the mad is for emergency access and an cvactlation route, and primarily f'or no other purpose. The only comment oI• concern ltcrc ' is that of the 3U foot wide right-uf--way. It is hoped that the construction of a gravel ro~xdway would not encompass the entire 301'eet, but only what is necessary. It is hard to envision that anything v-~ider than 24 feet is necessary. 0 Aloha, Tarry Ki Mayor and Acting Cavil Ucfense Administrator Hawaii C.'ounly is pn equal opportunity provider rrnd employer FEB-01-2008 09:29 From: 18663166988 Harry Kim MaFor October 29, 2447 .~~ ~•' 1`'~••oF~•~~ ~C~utttp of t~k~~i`i HAWAI'~ ~'xRE DEPA~tTNlEN'r ZS Aupunt Street • Suitc 103 • Milo, tiawal`t %720 (908) 981 X794 • Fsx (808) 981-2037 Mr. Ron Terry Geometrician Associates, LLC YO Box 39b Hilo, I~awaii 9b721 Pa9e:1~1 Darryl J. Oliveira Fire pYij Glen P.I. Honda t7ep~rry t~a~ exiEj SUBJECT: CNVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PUAKO EMERGENCY ACCESS ROAD TAX MAP KEY: (3~) 6-9-Q 1;17 We have no comments to offer at this time in reference to the above-mentioned Environmental Assessment. A IVEIRA Fire Chief PBW:Ipc tfrsurrti i Coenty is sn Equa! Upportunily 1'rrvider ~nA Enrpfvyrr. ~~•~ ~.. ~~~` ".;``_`. ,~ ~~~~~~~~ 1 1 1 1 1 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PUAKO EMERGENCY ROAD APPENDIX 5 EMERGENCY ROAD SURVEY MAP SURVEY OF CENTERLINE OF TRAIL MAP SHOWING TRAIL EASEMENT UPON A Portion of Lot No. 4 of Government Lands of Lalamilo [TMK (3) 6-9-006:051] And Lot B [TMK (3) 6-9-001:017] At Lalamilo, Waimea, District of South Kohala, Island, County and State of Hawaii ~7TA~It ~3tri13l TMK (3) 6-9-001:007 17,15 Sq. FL I \. I \~.II '~I'3ilt 1~~3 ~f.~ t~ ?~,llrlal~e~le I22I~rlle NOTES: 1) The d~errces shown between the properly gnee end the feaLlres hereon. ere based on eekcl- edfound boundary monumeMa 8 eoceptabb tolerane~ for propertles of tlrla type. 2) The fea0aes, shown hereon, were orated by an actual whey perfomred on the Around on SsptaMsr 51h, 2007. NOTE: BASIS OF AZIMUTH DERNED USING CENTER LINE MONUMENTS OF PUAKO BEACH DRIVE NOTE: Au ANAI C POINT3 ARE sET'PK" NAIL8 UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED `~~ ~~~ 0 0 io ~p~ "' p v~ z~ v ~~ O~ TRUE NORTH '~ scats oNB nacB BQUAIS 80.00 FBSI' 90 o so 7~~'A;!,F ~,i~~~ ~~~~~~,~~ GrapLical Scale >e in Feet Jw U Q w ¢' _ ~ s T N0.4-A ' I 1, Sq. Ft o I o \ '° b LOT N0.4 Stale ofHawell(Oltmer) 1.063 Acres .10' 4g 98' 18'00' 10.00' / 'L°~1 % r12'S4'38' / 71.87' ~ • ~N / Fp~ v ~_ / .}S 7,153.72 feet South 9,259.73 feet West Ref. "PUAKO" POINT ON LINE N TMK 7,288.55 feet South o (3) 6-9-001:027 ~ 9,424.25 feet West Q° Ctr 18,840~~ ~ ~' Ref. "PUAKO"~ °1 ~' , M 'iN .. ~ / y ~~~ `~ / ' _ Mauna /LaO % Reaorl /nc. s State of Hawaii (Owners) L(e ~ a 230.058Acres ~ 5 ei ~~ / y69 Ib // /try/~ / ~ O~ • ~ /~°~ _,~GENTERLINE OF / `~ ~-~•~~ ~ g .99' TRAIL EASEMENT ~~ 79'29'10" 8T3 ~0 .- ~ //~ ~" 54'10'38', 51.28' 553.40' .^ HOLOHOLOKAI BEACH PARK /~^ ~~ 71PAIL END 'o~ 7,680.23 feet Soufh ~~ 9,912.56 feet West ~, ~~`' R f. "PUAKO"Q ~- , ~. ~ ;51.0 i 11' 1 Rr ~~pG'~ ... OF,4SPHA[T '^~.9 Clf p ~v~ f....'~KR OF asa~~~ .................. 1, Thomas G. Patll9on, do hereby artlfy that the surrey map shown and plal6ed hereon was prepared by ma and/or under my dlred wpervlsbn. THOMAS G. PATTISON t~~ umrae Aa io~9a November sm, zoo7 lob Ab. 79101Bev6ed PATTISON LAND SURVEYING, INC °6 M i nl ~~~7a