Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 1514.001 2006-2008Pete Hoffmann Council Chair District 9 --North and South Kohala Phone No. Hilo: (808) 96]-8027 Phone No. Waimea: (808) 887-2043 Fax No.: (808) 887-2072 E-Mail: poffmann@co.hawaii.hi.us HAWAII COUNTY COUNCIL County of Haivai `i Hawui'i County Building 25Aupuni Street Hilo, Hawaii 96720 TO: Council Members Hawaii County Council FROM: ~~Pete Hoffmann, Council Chair Date: October 17, 2008 Subject: International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) 2006 ~~-- ~ __ ~=~. -: ca f~~ Attached for your consideration is the digital version of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) 2006. This document is referenced in Bill 385 that will be discussed at the October 21, 2008 PWIRC committee meeting in Keauhou. Published copies of the IECC booklet have been ordered and will be available for Count}' archives within 2-3 weeks. Thank you. PH/kf Att. Comm. No. ~5~~f. Ref. To: Prosaefed W/ G Serving the Interests of the People of Our Island Ref. Date 1<ICT 21 ~<1<1R Holomua Center 64-/067 Mamalahoa Highway, Suite C-5 Waimea, Hawaii 96743 R. q ~--~ ~) ~ ~~;7 0 .a_. -.,p Hawaii County is An Equal Opportunity Provider Aud Employer CHAPTERI ADMINISTRATION SECTION 101 SCOPE AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 101.1 Title. This code shall be known as the International Energy Conservation Code of [NAME OF JURISDICTION], and shall be cited as such. Ic is referred to herein as "this code." 101.2 Scope. This code applies to residential and commercial buildings 101.3 Intent. This code shall regulate the design and construction of buildings for the effective use of energy This code is intended to provide flexibility [o permit the use of innovative approaches and techniques to achieve the effective use of energy. This code is not intended to abridge safety, health or environmental requirements contained in other applicable codes or ordinances. 101.4 Applicability. 101.4.1 Existing buildings. Except as specified in this chapter, this code shall not be used to require the removal, alteration or abandonment of, nor prevent the continued use and maintenance of, an existing building or building system lawfully inexistence at the time of adoption of this code. 101.4.2 Historic buildings. Any building or structure that is listed in the State or National Register of Historic Places; designated as a historic property under local or state designation law or survey; certified as a contributing resource with a National Register listed or locally designated historic district; or with an opinion or certification that the property is eligible to be listed on the National or State Registers of Historic Places either individually or as a contributing building to a historic district by the State Historic Preservation Officer or the Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places, are exempt from this code. 101.4.3 Additions, alterations, renovations or repairs. Additions, alterations, renovations or repairs to an existing building, building system or portion thereof shall conform to the provisions of this code as they relate to new construction without requiring the unaltered portion(s) of the existing building or building system to comply with this code. Additions, alterations, renovations, or repairs shall not create an unsafe or hazardous condition or overload existing building systems. Exception: The following need not comply provided the energy use of the building is not increased: 1. Storm windows installed over existing fenestration. 2. Glass only replacements in an existing sash and frame. 3. Existing ceiling, wall or floor cavities exposed during construction provided that these cavities aze filled with insulation. 4. Construction where the existing roof, wall or floor cavity is not exposed. 101.4.4 Change in occupancy. Buildings undergoing a change in occupancy that would result in an increase in demand for either fossil fuel or electrical energyshall comply with this code. 101.4.5 Mixed occupancy. Where a building includes both residential and commercial occupancies, each occupancy shall be separately considered and meet the applicable provisions of Chapter 4 for residential and Chapter 5 for commercial. 101.5 Compliance. Residential buildings shall meet the provisions of Citapter 4 . Commercial buildings shall meet the provisions of Chapter 5 . 101.5.1 Compliance materials. The code official shall be permitted to approve specific computer software, work- sheets, compliance manuals and other similar materials that meet the intent of this code. 101.5.2 Low energy buildings. The following buildings, or portions thereof, separated from the remainder of the building by building thermal envelope assemblies complying with this code shall be exempt from the building thermal envelope provisions of this code: 1. Those with a peak design rate of energy usage less than 3.4 Btu/h ft 2 (10.7 W/ mZ) or 1.0 watdit 2 (10.7 W/ mz) of floor area for space conditioning purposes. 2. Those that do not contain conditioned space SECTION 102 MATERIALS, SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT 102.1 Identification. Materials, systems and equipment shall be identified in a manner that will allow a determination of compliance with the applicable provisions of this code. 102.1.1 Building thermal envelope insulation. An R -value identification mark shall be applied by the manufacturer to each piece of building thermal envelope insulation 12 inches (305 mm) or greater in width. Alternately, the insulation installers shall provide a certification listing the type, manufacturer and R -value of insulation installed in each element of the building thermal envelope. For blown or sprayed insulation (fiberglass and cellulose), the initial installed thickness, settled thickness, settled R -value, installed density, coverage area and number of bags installed shall be listed on the certification. For sprayed polyurethane foam (SPF) insulation, the installed thickness of the areas covered and R- value of installed thickness shall be listed on the certification. The insulation installer shall sign, date and post the certification in a conspicuous location on the job site. 102.1.1.1 Blown or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation. The thickness of blown in or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation (fiberglass or cellulose) shall be written in inches (mm) on markers that are installed at ]east one for every 300 square feet (28 mZ ) throughout the attic space. The markers shall be affixed to the trusses orjoists and marked with the minimum initial installed thickness with numbers a minimum of 1 inch (25 mm) in height. Each marker shall face the attic access opening. Spray polyurethane foam thickness and installed R- value shall be listed on certification provided by the insulation installer 102.1.2 Insulation mark installation. Insulating materials shall be installed such that the manufacturer's R -value mazk is readily observable upon inspection. 102.1.3 Fenestration product rating. U -factors of fenestration products (windows, doors and skylights) shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 100 by an accredited, independent laboratory, and labeled and certified by the manufacturer. Products lacking such a labeled U-factor shall be assigned a default U- factor from Table 102.1.3(1) or 102.1 3(2~. The solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of glazed fenestration products (windows, glazed doors and skylights) shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 200 by an accredited, independent laboratory, and labeled and certified by the manufacturer. Products lacking such a labeled SHGC shall be assigned a default SHGC from Table 102.1.3(3) . TABLE 102.1.3(1) DEFAULT GLAZED FENESTRATION U -FACTOR FRAME TYPE SINGLE PANE ' DOUBLE PANE SKYLIGHT Single Double Metal 1.20 0.80 2.00 1.30 Metal with Thermal Break L ] 0 0.65 1.90 1.10 Nonmetal or Metal Clad 0.95 0.55 1.75 1.05 Glazed Block 0.60 TABLE 102.1.3(2) DEFAULT DOOR U -FACTORS DOOR TYPE U -FACTOR Uninsulated Metal 1.20 Insulated Metal 0.60 Wood 0.50 Insulated, nonmetal edge, max 45% glazing, any glazing double pane 0.35 TABLE 102.1.3(3) DEFAULT GLAZED FENESTRATION SHGC SINGLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED GLAZED BLOCK Clear Tinted Clear Tinted 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 102.2 Installation. All materials, systems and equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and the International Building Code . 102.2.1 Protection of exposed foundation insulation. Insulation applied to the exterior of basement walls, crawlspace walls and the perimeter of slab- on-grade floors shall have a rigid, opaque and weather-resistant protective covering to prevent the degradation of the insulation's thermal performance. The protective covering shall cover the exposed exterior insulation and extend a minimum of 6 inches (153 mm) below grade. 102.3 Maintenance information. Maintenance instructions shall be furnished for equipment and systems that require preventive maintenance. Required regular maintenance actions shall.be cleazly stated and incorporated on a readily accessible label. The label shall include the title or publication number for the operation and maintenance manual for that particular model and type of product. SECTION 103 ALTERNATE MATERIALS-METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION, DESIGN OR INSULATING SYSTEMS 103.1 General. This code is not intended to prevent the use of any material, method of construction, design or insulating system not specifically prescribed herein, provided that such construction, design or insulating system has been approved by the code official as meeting the intent of this code. 103.1.1 Above code programs. The code official or other authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted to deem a national, state or local energy efficiency program to exceed the energy efficiency required by this code. Buildings approved in writing by such an energy efficiency program shall be considered in compliance with this code. SECTION 104 CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS 104.1 General. Construction documents and other supporting data shall be submitted in one or more sets with each application for a permit. The code official is authorized to require necessary construction documents to be prepared by a registered design professional. Exception: The code official is authorized to waive the requirements for construction documents or other supporting data if the code official determines they are not necessary to confirm compliance with this code. 104.2 Information on construction documents. Construction documents shall be drawn to scale upon suitable material. Electronic media documents are permitted to be submitted when approved by the code official. Construction documents shall be of sufficient clarity to indicate the location, nature and extent of the work proposed, and show in sufficient detail pertinent data and features of the building, systems and equipment as herein governed. Details shall include, but are not limited to, insulation materials and their R -values; fenestration U -factors and SHGCs; system and equipment efficiencies, types, sizes and controls; duct sealing, insulation and location; and air sealing details. SECTION 105 INSPECTIONS 105.1 General, Construction or work for which a permit is required shall be subject to inspection by the code official. 105.2 Required approvals. No work shall be done on any part of the building beyond the point indicated in each successive inspection without first obtaining the written approval of the code official. No construction shall be concealed without being inspected and approved. 105.3 Final inspection. The building shall have a final inspection and not be occupied until approved. 105.4 Reinspection. A building shall be reinspected when determined necessary by the code official. SECTION 106 VALIDITY 106.1 General. If a portion of this code is held to be illegal or void, such a decision shall not affect the validity of the remainder of this code. SECTION 107 REFERENCED STANDARDS 107.1 General. The standazds, and portions thereof, referred to in this code and listed in Chapter G shall be considered part of the requirements of this code to the extent of such reference. 107.2 ContlicHng requirements. Where the provisions of this code and the referenced standards conflict, the provisions of this code shall take precedence. CHAPTER 2 DEFINITIONS SECTION 201 GENERAL 201.1 Scope. Unless stated otherwise, the following words and terms in this code shall have the meanings indicated in this chapter. 201.2 Interchangeabili [y. Words used in the present tense include the future; words in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter; the singular number includes the plural and the plural includes the singular 201.3 Terms defined in other codes. Terms that are not defined in this code but are defined in the International Building Code , ICC Electrical Code , Internattona[ Fire Code ,International Fuel Gas Code ,International Mechanical Code ,International Plumf~ing Code , or the International Residential Code shall have the meanings ascribed to them in those codes. 201.4 Terms not defined. Terms not defined by this chapter shall have ordinarily accepted meanings such as the context implies. SECTION 202 GENERAL DEFINITIONS ABOVE GRADE WALL. A wall more than 50 percent above grade and enclosing conditioned space. This includes between-floor spandrels, peripheral edges of floors, roof and basement knee walls, dormer walls, gable end walls, walls enclosing a mansard roof, and skylight shafts. ACCESSIBLE. Admitting close approach as a result of not being guarded by locked doors, elevation or other effective means (see "Readily accessible"). ADDITION. An extension or increase in the conditioned space floor area or height of a building or structure. ALTERATION. Any construction or renovation to an existing structure other than repair or addition that requires a permit. Also, a change in a mechanical system that involves an extension, addition or change to the arrangement, type or purpose of the original installation that requires a permit. APPROVED. Approval by the code official as a result of investigation and tests conducted by him or her, or by reason of accepted principles or tests by nationally recognized organizations. AUTOMATIC. Self-acting, operating by its own mechanism when actuated by some impersonal influence, as, for example, a change in current strength, pressure, temperature or mechanical configuration (see "Manual"). BASEMENT WALL. A wall 50 percent or more below grade and enclosing conditioned space. BUILDING. Any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or occupancy. BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE. The basement walls, exterior walls, floor, roof, and any other building element that enclose conditioned space. This boundary also includes the boundary between conditioned space ahd any exempt or unconditioned space. CODE OFFICIAL. The officer or other designated authority charged with the administration and enforcement of this code, or a duly authorized representative. COMMERCIAL BUILDING. For this code, al] buildings that are not included in the definition of "Residential buildings." CONDITIONED FLOOR AREA. The horizontal projection of the floors associated with the conditioned space. CONDITIONED SPACE. An area or room within a building being heated or cooled, containing uninsulated ducts, or with a fixed opening directly into an adjacent conditioned space. CRAWL SPACE WALL. The opaque portion of a wall that encloses a crawl space and is partially or totally below grade. CURTAIN WALL. Fenestration products used to create an external nonload-bearing wall that is designed to separate the exterior and interior environments. DUCT. A tube or conduit utilized for conveying air. The air passages of self-contained systems are not to be construed as air ducts. DUCT SYSTEM. A continuous passageway for the transmission of air that, in addition to ducts, includes duct fittings, dampers, plenums, fans and accessory air-handling equipment and appliances. DWELLING UNIT. A single unit providing complete independent living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation. ECONOMIZER, AIR. A duct and damper arrangement and automatic control system that allows a cooling system to supply outside air to reduce or eliminate the need for mechanical cooling during mild or cold weather. ECONOMIZER, WATER. A system where the supply air of a cooling system is cooled indirectly with water that is itself cooled by heat or mass transfer to the environment without the use of mechanical cooling. ENERGY ANALYSIS. A method for estimating the annual energy use of the proposed design and standard reference design based on estimates of energy use. ENERGY COST. The total estimated annual cost for purchased energy for the building functions regulated by this code, including applicable demand charges. ENERGY RECOVERY VENTILATION SYSTEM. Systems that employ air-to-air heat exchangers to recover energy from exhaust air for the purpose of preheating, precooling, humidifying or dehumidifying outdoor ventilation air prior to supplying the air to a space, either directly or as part of an HVAC system. ENERGY SIMULATION TOOL. An approved software program or calculation-based methodology that projects the annual energy use of a building. ENTRANCE DOOR. Fenestration products used for ingress, egress and access in nonresidential buildings, including, but not limited to, exterior entrances that utilize latching hardware, automatic closers and contain over 50 percent glass specifically designed to withstand heavy use and possibly abuse. EXTERIOR WALL. Walls including both above grade walls and basement walls. FENESTRATION. Skylights, roof windows, vertical windows (fixed or moveable), opaque doors, glazed doors, glazed block, and combination opaque/glazed doors. Fenestration includes products with glass and non-glass glazing materials. HEAT TRAP. An arrangement of piping and fittings, such as elbows, or a commercially available heat trap that prevents thermosyphoning of hot water during standby periods. HEATED SLAB. Slab-on-grade construction in which the heating elements, hydronic tubing, or hot air distribution system is in contact with, or placed within or under the slab. HUMIDISTAT. A regulatory device, actuated by changes in humidity, used for automatic control of relative humidity. INFILTRATION. The uncontrolled inwazd air leakage into a building caused by the pressure effects of wind or the effect of differences in the indoor and outdoor air density or both. INSULATING SHEATHING. An insulating board with a core material having aminimum R - value of R-2. LABELED. Devices, equipment, or materials to which have been affixed a label, seal, symbdl or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of the production of the above-labeled items that attests to compliance with a specific standard. LISTED. Equipment, appliances, assemblies or materials included in a list published by an approved testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment, appliances, assemblies or material, and whose listing states either that the equipment, appliances, assemblies, or material meets nationally recognized standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING. Lighting equipment powered through a transformer such as a cable conductor, a rail conductor and track lighting. MANUAL. Capable of being operated by personal intervention (see "Automatic"). PROPOSED DESIGN. A description of the proposed building used to estimate annual energy use for determining compliance based on total building performance. , READILY ACCESSIBLE. Capable of being reached quickly for operation, renewal or inspection without requiring those to whom ready access is requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to portable ]adders or access equipment (see "Accessible"). REPAIR. The reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing building. RESIDENTIAL BUILDING. For [his code, includes R-3 buildings, as well as R-2 and R-4 buildings three stories or less in height above grade. R -VALUE (THERMAL RESISTANCE). The inverse of the time rate of heat flow through a body from one of its bounding surfaces to the other surface for a unit temperature difference between the two surfaces, under steady state conditions, per unit area (h x ft 2 x ° FBtu) [(m~ x K)/W]. ROOF ASSEMBLY. A system designed to provide weather protection and resistance to design loads. The system consists of a roof covering and roof deck or a single component serving as both the roof covering and the roof deck. A roof assembly includes the roof covering, underlayment, roof deck, insulation, vapor retarder and interior finish. SCREW LAMP HOLDERS. A lamp base that requires ascrew-in-type lamp, such as a compact-fluorescent, incandescent, or tungsten-halogen bulb. SERVICE WATER HEATING. Supply of hot water for purposes other than comfort heating. SKYLIGHT. Glass or other transparent or translucent glazing material installed at a slope of 15 degrees (0.26 red) or more from vertical. Glazing material in skylights, including unit skylights, solaziums, sunrooms, roofs and sloped walls is included in this definition. SLEEPING UNIT, A room or space in which people sleep, which can also include permanent provisions for living, eating, and either sanitation or kitchen facilities but not both. Such rooms and spaces that are also part of a dwelling unit are not sleeping units. SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT (SHGC). The ratio of the solar heat gain entering the space through the fenestration assembly [o the incident solar radiation. Solar heat gain includes directly transmitted solar heat and absorbed solar radiation which is then reradiated, conducted or convected into the space. STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN. A version of the proposed design that meets the minimum requirements of this code and is used to determine the maximum annual energy use requirement for compliance based on total building performance. STOREFRONT. A nonresidential system of doors and windows mulled as a composite fenestration structure that has been designed to resist heavy use and possible abuse and provide a high level of resistance to wind load and impact from wind borne debris. Storefront systems include, but are not limited to, exterior fenestration systems that span from the floor level or above to the ceiling of the same story on commercial buildings. SUNROOM. A one-story structure attached to a dwelling with a glazing area in excess of 40 percent of the gross area of the structure's exterior walls and roof. THERMAL ISOLATION. Physical and space conditioning separation from conditioned space(s). The conditioned space(s) shall be controlled as separate zones For heating and cooling or conditioned by separate equipment. THERMOSTAT. An automatic control device used to maintain temperature at a fixed or adjustable set point. U -FACTOR (THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE). The coefficient of heat transmission (air to air) through a building component or assembly, equal to the time rate of heat flow per unit area and unit temperature difference between the warm side and cold side air films (Btu/h ~ ft 2 ° F) VAPOR RETARDER. A vapor resistant material, membrane or covering such as foil, plastic sheeting, or insulation facing having a permeance rating of 1 perm (5.7 x 10 -1 I kg/Pa • s mz) or less-when tested in accordance with the dessicant method using Procedure A of ASTM E 96. Vapor retarders limit the amount of moisture vapor that passes through a material or wall assembly. VENTILATION. The natural or mechanical process of supplying conditioned or unconditioned air to, or removing such air from, any space. VENTILATION A[R. That portion of supply air that comes from outside (outdoors) plus any recirculated air that has been treated to maintain the desired quality of air within a designated space. ZONE. A space or group of spaces within a building with heating or cooling requirements that are sufficiently similar so that desired conditions can be maintained throughout using a single controlling device CHAPTER3 CLIMATE ZONES SECTION 301 CLIMATE ZONES 301.1 General. Climate zones from Figure 301.1 or Table 301.1 shall be used in determining the applicable requirements from Chapters 4 and 5 . Locations not in Table 30I. I (outside the US) shall be assigned a climate zone based on Section 301.3 . 301.2 Warm humid counties. Warm humid counties are listed in Table 301.2 . 301.3 International climate zones. The climate zone for any location outside the United States shall be determined by applying Table 30I.3f 1) and then Table 301.3(2) . 301.3.1 Warm humid criteria. "Warm humid" locations shall be defined as locations where either of the following conditions occurs: I . 67 ° F (19.4 ° C) or higher wet-bulb temperature for 3,000 or more hours during the warmest six consecutive months of [he year; 2. 73 ° F (22.8 ° C) or higher wet-bulb temperature for 1,500 or more hours during the warmest six consecutive months of the year. N O M N C7 ~ wa v 4 N cO G 1 W U ~~ ~ _ :~ a ~~ ~v >m N T 0 w ~y'E c _<o @! cf~~> rrLLS5~ o N]: =S C k~ ~fl ~X QLL 6~ J ~O x ~~''~ Y' jai r-.~ dy ~+~ Xw~r L'^b ~Q4 N~C A _~ ~ ~~ ~~~ ~ . "~ O.IS X ~t1J C~C~ ~o` o~`a ~~ 2ms souri TABLE 301.1 CLIMATE ZONES BY S'FATE, COUNTY AND TERRITORIES ALABAMA Zone 3 except Zone 2 Baldwin Mobile ALASKA Zone 7 except Zone 8 Bethel Dellingham Fairbanks Nome North Slope North Slar Northwest Arctic Southeast Fairbanks Wade Hampton Yukon-Koyukuk ARIZONA Zone 3 except Zone 2 La Paz Maricopa Pima Pinal Yuma 'Lone 4 Gila Yavapai Zone 5 Apache Coconino Navajo ARKANSAS Zone 3 except Zone 4 Baxter Benton Boone Carroll Fulton Izard Madison Marion Newton Searcy Stone Washington CALIFORNIA Zone 3 Dry except Zone 2 Imperial Zone 3 Marine Alameda Marin Mendocino Monterey Napa San Benito San Francisco San Luis Obispo San Mateo Santa Barbara Santa Clara Santa Cruz Sonoma Ventura Zone 4 Dry Amador Calaveras EI Dorado Inyo Lake Mariposa Trinity Tuolumne Zune 4 Marine Dcl Norte Humboldt 'Lone 5 Lassen Modoc Nevada Plumas Sierra Siskiyou Zone 6 Alpine Mono COLORADO Zone 5 except "Lone 4 Baca Las Animas Otero Zone 6 Alamosa Archuleta Chaffee Conejos Costilla Custer Dolores Eagle Moffat Ouray Rio Blanca Saguache San Miguel Zone 7 Clear Creek Grand Gunnison Hinsdale Jackson Lake Mineral Park Pitkin Rio Grande Routt San Juan Summit CONNECTICUT Zone 5 Delaware Zone 4 DIST OF COLUMBIA "Lune 4 FLORIDA 'Lune 2 except 'Lone 1 B coward Dade Monroe GEORGIA 'Lone 3 except Zone 2 Appling Atkinson Bacon Baker Berrien Brantley Brooks Bryan Camden Charlton Chatham Clinch Colquitt Cook Decatur Echols Effingham Evans Glynn Grady Jeff Davis Lanier Liberty Long Lowndes McIntosh Miller Mitchell Pierce Seminole Tattnall Thomas Toombs Ware Wayne Zone 4 Banks Catoosa Chattooga Dade Dawson Fannin Floyd Franklin Gilmer Gordon Habersham Hal I Lumpkin Murray Pickens Rabun Stephens Towns Union Walker White Whitfield HAWAII Zone 1 Moist IUAHO 'Lone 6 except Zone 5 Ada Bcncwah Canyon Cassia Clearwater Elmore Gem Gooding Idaho Jerome Kootenai Latch Lewis Lincoln Minidoka Nez Perce Owyhee Paycue Power Shoshone Twin Falls Washington ILLINOIS Zone 5 except Zone 4 Alexander Bond Christian Clay Clinton G awford Edwards Effingham Fayette Franklin Gallatin Hamilton Hardin Jackson Jasper ]efferson ]ohnson Lawrence Macaupin Madison Marion Massac Monroe Montgomery PcrrY Pope Pulaski Randolph Richland Saline Shelby TABLE 301.1-continued CLIMATE ZONES BY STATE, COUNTY AND TERRITORIES St Clair Clay Sherman MICHIGAN Zone 7 Union Clayton Smith Zone 5 except Aitkin Wabash Delaware Thomas Zone 6 Becker Washington Dickinson Trego Alcona Beltrami Wayne Emmet Wallace Alger Carlton White Fayette Wichita Alpena Cass Williamson _ Floyd Antrim Clay Franklin KENTUCKY Arenac Clearwater INDIANA Grundy Zone 4 Benzie Cook Zone 5 except Hamilton Charlevoix Crow Wing Zone 4 Hancock LOUISIANA Cheboygan Grant Brown Hardin Zone 2 except Clare Hubbard Clark Howard Zone 3 Crawford Itasca Crawford Humboldt Bienville Delta Kanabec Daviess Ida Bossier Dickinson Kittson Dearborn Kossuth Caddo Emmet Koochiching Dubois Lyon Caldwell Gladwin Lake Of The Woods Floyd Mitchell Catahoula Grand Traverse Mahnomen Gibson O'Brien Claiborne Huron Marshall Greene Osceola Concordia Iosco Mille Lacs Harrison Palo Alto De Soto Isabella' Norman Jackson Plymouth East Carroll Kalkaska Otter Tail Jefferson Pocahontas Franklin Lake Pennington Jennings Sac Grant Leelanau Pine Knox Sioux Jackson Manistee ~ Polk Lawrence Webster La Salle Marquette Red Lake Martin Winnebago Lincoln Mason Roseau Monroe Winneshiek ~ Madison Mecosta St Louis Ohio Worth Morehouse Menominee Wadena Orange Wright Natchitoches , Missaukee Wilkin Perry Ouachita Monunorency Pike KANSAS Red River Newaygo MISSISSIPPI Posey Zone 4 except Richland Oceans Zone 3 except Ripley Zone 5 Sabine Ogemaw Zone 2 Scot[ Cheyenne Tensas Osceola Hancock Spencer Cloud Union Oscoda Harrison Sullivan Decatur Vernon Otsego Jackson Switzerland Ellis Webster Presque Isle Pearl River Vanderburgh Gove West Carroll Roscommon Stone Warrick Graham Winn Sanilac Washington Greeley Wexford 1111SSOURI Hamilton MAINE ~ Zone 7 Zone 4 except IOWA Jewell Zone 6 except Buraga Zone 5 Zone 5 except Lane Zone 7 Chippewa Adair 'Lone 6 Logan Aroostook Gogebic Andrew Allamakee Mitchell Houghton Atchison Black Hawk Ness MARYLAND Iron Buchanan Bremer Norton Zone 4 except Kewecnaw Caldwell Buchanan Osborne Zone 5 Luce Chariton Buena Vista Phillips Garrett Mackinac Clark Butler Rawlins Ontonagon Clinton Calhoun Republic MASSACHUSETTS Schoolcraft Daviess Cerzo Gordo Rooks Zone 5 De Kalb Cherokee Scott MINNESOTA Gentry Chickasaw Sheridan 'Lone 6 except Grundy TABLE 301.1-continued CLIMATE ZONES BY STATE, COUNTY AND '['ERRITORIES Harrison Zone 3 Sullivan Wilkes Cimarron Holt Chaves Tompkins Yadkin Texas Knox Dona Ana Ulster Zone 5 Lewis Eddy Warren Allegheny OREGON Linn Hidalgo Wyoming Ashe Lone4Marine Livingston Lea Avery except Macon Luna NORTH Mitchell Zone 5 Dry Marion Otero CAROLINA Watauga Baker Mercer Zone 5 Zone 3 except Yancey Crook Nodaway Catron Zone 4 Deschutes Pike Colfax Alamance NORTH DAKOTA Gilliam Putnam Harding Alexander Zonc 7 except Grant Ralls Los Alamos Bertie Zone 6 Harney Schuyler McKinley Buncombe Adams Hood River Scotland Mora Burke Billings Jefferson Shelby Rio Arriba Caldwell Bowman Klamath Sullivan San Juan Caswell Burleigh Lake Worth San Miguel Catawba Dickey Malheur Sandoval Chatham Dunn Morrow MONTANA Santa Fe Cherokee Emmons Sherman Zone 6 Taos Clay Golden Valley Umatilla Torrance Cleveland Grant Union NEBRASKA Davie }lettinger Wallowa Zone 5 NEW YORK Durham La Moure Wasco NEVADA Zone 5 except .Forsyth Logan Wheeler Zone 5 except Zone 4 Franklin McIntosh Zone 3 Bronx Gates McKenzie PENNSYLVANIA Clark Kings Graham Mercer Zone 5 except Nassau Granville Mortun - 'Lone 4 NEW HAMPSHIRE New York Guilford Oliver Bucks Zone 6 except Queens Halifax Ransom Chester Zone 5 Richmond Harnett Richland Delaware Cheshire Suffolk Haywood Sargent Montgomery Hillsborough Westchester Henderson Sioux Philadelphia Rockingham Zone 6 Hertford Slope York Strafford Allegany Iredcll Stark Zone 6 Broome Jackson Cameron NEW JERSEY Cattaraugus Lee OHIO Clearfield Zone 4 except Chenango Lincoln Zone 5 except Elk Zone 5 Clinton Macon 'Lone 4 McKean Bergen Delaware Madison Adams Potter Hunterdon Essex McDowell Brown Susquehanna Mercer Franklin Nash Clermont Tioga Morris Fulton Northampton Gallia Wayne Passaic ~ Hamilton Ormtge Hamilton Somerset Herkimer Person Lawrence RHODE ISLAND Sussex ]cfferson Polk Pike 'Lone 5 Warren Lewis Rockingham Scioto Madison Rutherford Washington SOUTH NEW MEXICO Montgomery Stokes CAROLINA Zone 4 except Oneida Surry OKLAHOMA Zone 3 Otsego Swain 'Lone 3 Moist except Schoharie Transylvania 7,one 4 Dry SOUTH DAK01'A Schuyler Vance Beaver Zone 6 except St Lawrence Wake 7,one 5 Steuben Warren Bennett TABLE 301.1-continued CLIMATE ZONES BY STATE, COUNTY AND TERRITORIES Bon Homme Coke Terrell Red River Carbon Charles Mix Coleman Ten'y Rockwall Daggett Clay Collingsworlh Throckmorton Rusk Duchesne Douglas Concho Tom Green Sabine Morgan Gregory Cottle Upton San Augustine Rich Hutchinson Crane Ward San Saba Smnmit Jackson Crockett Wheeler Shelby Uintah Mellette Crosby Wilbarger Smith Wasatch Todd Culberson Winkler Somervell Tripp Dawson Zone 3 Moist Stephens VERMONT Union Dickens Archer Tarrant Zune 6 Yankton Ector Blanco Titus EI Paso Bowie Upshur VIRGINIA TENNESSEE Fisher Brown Van Zandt 'Lone 4 Zone 4 except Foard Burnet Wichita Zone3 Gaines Camp Wise WASHINGTON Chester Garza Cass Wood Zone 4 Marine Crockett Glasscock Clay Young except Dyer Hall Collin Zone 4 Zone 5 Dry Fayette Hardeman Comanche Armstrong Adams Hardeman Haskell Cooke Bailey Asotin Flardin Hemphill Dallas Briscoe Benton Haywood Howard Delta Carson Chelan Henderson Hudspeth Denton Castro Columbia Lake Irion Eastland Cochran Douglas Lauderdale Jeff Davis Ellis Dallam Franklin Madison Jones Erath Deaf Smith Garfield McNairy Kent Fannin Donley Grant Shelby Kerr Franklin Floyd Kittitas Tipton Kimble Gillespie Gray Klickitat King Grayson Hale Lincoln TEXAS Knox Gregg Hansford Skamania Zone 2 Moist except Loving Hamilton Hartley Spokane Zone 2 Dry Lubbock Harrison Hockley Walla Walla Bandera Lynn Henderson Hutchinson Whitman Dimmit Martin Hood Lamb Yakima Edwards Mason Hopkins Lipscomb Zune 6 Dry Frio Mcculloch Hunt Moore Ferry Kinney Dlenard Jack Ochihree Okanogan La Salle Midland Johnson Oldham ~ Pend Oreille Maverick Mitchel] Kaufman Parmer Stevens Medina Motley Kendall Potter Real Nolan Lamar Randall WEST VIRGINIA Uvalde Pecos ~ Lampasas Roberts Zone 5 except Val Verde Presidio Llano Sherman Zone4 Webb Reagan Marion Swisher Berkeley Zapata Reeves Mills Yoakmn Boone Zavala Runnels Montague Braxton Zone 3 Dry Schleicher Morris UTAH Cabell Andrews Scurry Nacogdoches Zone 5 except Calhoun Baylor Shackelford Navarro Zone 3 Clay Borden Sterling Palo Pinto Washington Gilmer Brewster Stonewall Panola Zone 6 Jackson Callahan Sutton Parker Box Elder Jefferson Childress Taylor Rains Cache Kanawha 'CABLE 301.1-continued CLIMATE ZONES BY STATE, COUNTY AND TERRITORIES Lincoln Taylor Logan Vilas Mason Washburn McDowel I Mercer WYOMING Mingo Zone 6 except Monroe Zone 5 Morgan Goshen Pleasanls Platte Putnam Zone 7 Ritchie Lincoln Roane Sublette Tyler Teto Wayne Wirt TERRITORIES Wood AMERICAN Wyoming SAMOA Znne 1 Moist W ISCON5IN 'Lone 6 except GUAM Zone 7 Zone 1 Moist Ashland Bayfield NORTHCRN Burnett ~ MARIANAS Douglas Zone 1 Moist Florence Forest PUERTO RICO Iron Zone 1 Moist Langlade Lincoln U.S. VIRGIN Oneida ISLANDS Price Zone 1 Moist Sawyer TABLE 301.2 WARM HUMID COUNTIES AND TERRITORIES ALABAMA Autauga Baldwin Barbour Bullock Butler Choctaw Clarke Coffee Conecuh Covington Crenshaw Dale Dallas Elmore Escainbia Geneva Henry Houston Lowndes Macon Marengo Mobile Monroe Montgomery Perry Pike Russel I Washington Wilcox ARKANSAS Columbia Hempstead Lafayette Little River Miller Sevier Union FLORIDA All GEORGIA All in Zone 2 Plus Ben Hill Bleckley , Bul loch Calhoun Candler Chattahoochee Clay Coffee Crisp Dodge Dooly Dougherty Early Emanuel Houston Trwin Jenkins Johnson Laurens Lee Macon Marion Montgomery Peach Pulaski Quitman Randolph Schley Screven Stewart Sumter Taylor Telfair Terrell Tilt Treullen Turner Twiggs Webster Wheeler Wilcox Worth HAWAII All LOUISIANA All in Zone 2 Plus Bienville Bossier Caddo Caldwell Catahoula Claiborne Concordia De Soto Franklin Grant Jackson La Salle Lincoln Madison Natchitoches Ouachita Red River Richland Sabine Tensas Union Vernon Webster Winn MISSISSIPPI All in Zone 2 Plus Adams Amite Claiborne Copiah Covington Forrest Franklin George Greene Hinds Jefferson Jefferson Davis Jones Lamar Lawrence Lincoln Marion Perry Pike Rankin Simpson Smith Walthall Warren Wayne Wilkinson NORTH CAROLINA Brunswick Carteret Columbus New Hanover Onslow Pender SOUTH CAROLINA Allendale Bamberg Barnwel I Beaufort Berkeley Charleston Collcton Dorchester Georgetown Hampton Horry Jasper TEXAS All in Zone 2 Plus Blanco Bowie Brown Burnet Camp Cass Collin Comanche Dallas Delta Denton EIIis Erath Franklin Gillespie Gregg Hamilton Han ison Henderson Hood Hopkins Hunt Johnson Kaufman Kendal I Lamar Lampasas Llano Marion Mills Morris Nacogdoches Navarro Palo Pinto Panola Parker Rains Red River Rockwall Rusk Sabine San Augustine San Saba Shelby Smith Somcrvell Tarrant Titus Upshur Van Zandt Wood TERRITORIES AMERICAN SAMOA All GUAM All NORTHERN MARIANAS All PUERTO RICO All U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS All TABLE 301.3(1) INTERNATIONAL CLIMATF. 7.ONR DF.FINITiONS MAJOR CLIMATE'I'YPE DEFINITIONS Marine (C) Definition -Locations meeting al] four criteria: 1. Mean temperature of coldest month between -3 ° C (27 ° F) and 18 ° C (65 ° F) 2. Warmest month mean <22 ° C (72 ° F) 3. At least four months with mean temperatures over ]0 ° C (50 ° F) 4. Dry season in summer. The month with the heaviest precipitation in the cold season has at least three times as much precipitation as the month with the ]east precipitation in the rest of the year. The cold season is October through March in the Northern Hemisphere and April through September in the Southern Hemisphere. Dry (B) Definition -Locations meeting the following criteria: Not Marine and Pin<0.44x(TF-19.5) [Pcm<2.Ox(TC+7)inSlunits] where: P in = ~ Annual precipitation in inches (cm) T = Annual mean temperature in ° F (° C) Moist (A) Definition -Locations that are not Marine and not Dry. TABLE 301.3(2) INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE ZONE DEFINITIONS ZONE THERMAL CRITERIA NUMBER IP Units SI Units 1 000 < CDD SO°F 000 < CDD 10°C 2 300 < CDD 50 ° F < 9000 3500 < CDD I 0°C _< 5000 3A and 3B 500<CDD50°F<6300 ND HDD65 ° F <5400 500<CDD10C<3500 D HDD18°C <3000 4A and 4B CDD50 ° F <4500 ND HDD65 ° F 5 5400 DD10°C <2500 AND DDlB°C < 3000 3C DD65 ° F 5 3600 DD18°C <2000 4C 600 < HDD65 ° F < 5400 000 < HDD 18°C < 3000 5~ 400<HDD65°F57200 000<HDD18°C 54000 6 200 < HDD65 ° F < 9000 000 < HDD I8°C <_ 5000 7 000 < HDD65 ° F 5 12600 000 < HDD18°C <_ 7000 8 12600 < HDD65 ° F 000 < HDD18°C or ar: - ~ = ll - rl-etln.n SECTION 302 DESIGN CONDITIONS 302.1 Interior design conditions. The interior design temperatures used for heating and cooling load calculations shall be a maximum of 72°F (22°C) for heating and minimum of 75°F (24°C) for cooling. CHAPTER4 RESIDENTIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY SECTION 401 GENERAL 401.1 Scope. This chapter applies to7esidential buildings. 401.2 Compliance. Projects shall comply with Sections 401 , 402.4 , 402.E , 402.6 and 403 (referred to as the mandatory provisions) and either: 1. Sections 402.1 through 4022 3 (prescriptive); or 2. Section 404 (performance). 401.3 Certificate. A permanent certificate shall be posted on or in the electrical distribution panel. The certificate shall be completed by the builder or registered design professional. The certificate shall list the predominant R -values of insulation installed in or on ceiling/roof, walls, foundation (slab, basement wall, crawlspace wall and/or Floor) and ducts outside conditioned spaces; U -factors for fenestration; and the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of fenestration. Where there is more than one value for each component, the certificate shall list the value covering the largest area. The certificate shall list the type and efficiency of heating, cooling and service water heating equipment. SECTION 402 BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE 402.1 General. (Prescriptive) 402.1.1 Insulation and fenestration criteria. The building thermal envelope shall meet the requirements of Table 402.1.1 based on the climate zone specified in Chapter 3 . TABLE 402.1.1 INSULATION AND FENESTRATION 12EQUIREMENI'S BY COMPONENT CLIMAT ENESTRATIO SKYLICIIT GLAZED CEILING WOOD MASS FLOOR BASEMENT SLAR° CRAWL ZONE U-FACTOR " ENESTRATIO R- FRAME .WALL R- R• SPACE` U-FACTOR SHGC VALUE WALL R - VALUE WALL VALUE WALL R - R-VALUE VALUE R-VALUE & VALUE DEP'1'll I 1.20 0.75 0.40 30 13 3 13 0 0 0 2 0.75 0.75 0.40 30 13 4 13 0 0 0 3 0.65 0.65 0.40 ` 30 13 5 19 0 0 5 / 13 4 except 0.40 0.60 NR 38 I3 5 19 10 / 13 10, 2 ft 10 / 13 Marine 5 and 0.35 0.60 NR 38 19 or 13+5 ° 13 30 f 10 / 13 10, 2 Fl 10 / 13 Marine 4 6 0.35 0.60 NR 49 19 ar I3+66 IS 30f 10/13 10,411 10/13 7 and 8 0.35 0.60 NR 49 21 19 30 ( 10 / 13 10, 4 ft 10 / 13 a V R -values are minimums. U -factors and SHCC are maximums. R-19 shall be permived to be compressed into a 2 x 6 cavity. b. The fenestration U -factor column excludes skylights. The SHGC column applies to all glazed fenestration. c. The rim R -value applies to continuous insulation, the second to framing cavity insulation; either insulation meets the reyuiremenl. d. R-5 shall be added io the required slab edge R -values for hewed slabs. e. There are no SHGC requirements in the Marine zone. f. Or insulation sufficient to fill the framing cavity, R-19 minimum. g. "13+5" means R-13 cavity insul. Lion plus R-5 insulated sheathing. If structural sheathing covers 25 percent or less o(lhe exterior, insulating sheathing is not required where structural sheathing is used. 1(stmctuml sheathing covers more than 25 percent of exterior, s[mcmral sheathing shall he supplememed with insulmW shwthing of at least R-2. 402.1.2 R- value computation. Insulation material used in layers, such as framing cavity insulation and insulating sheathing, shall be summed to compute the component R -value. The manufacturer's settled R -value shall be used for blown insulation. Computed R -values shall not include an R -value for other building materials or air films. 402.1.3 U -factor alternative. An assembly with a U-factor equal to or less than that specified in Table 402.1.3 shall be permitted as an alternative to the R -value in Table 402.1.1 . Exception: For mass walls not meeting the criterion for insulation location in Section 4()2.2.3 , the U -factor shall be permitted to be: I. U-factor of 0.17 in Climate Zone 1. 2. U -factor of 0.14 in Climate Zone 2. 3. U -factor of 0.12 in Climate Zone 3. TABLE 402.1.3 EQUIVALENT U-FACTORS CLIMATE ZONE FENESTRATION U-FACTOR SKYLIGHT U-FACTOR CEILING U-FACTOR FRAME WALL U-FACTOR MASS WAL U-FACTOR FLOOR U•FACTOR ~ BASEMEN' WALL U-FACTOR CRAWL SPACE WALL U-FACTOR I 1.2 0.75 0.035 0.082 0.197 0.064 0.360 0.477 2 0.75 0.75 0.035 0.082 0.165 0.064 0.360 0.477 3 0.65 0.65 0.035 0.082 0.141 0.047 0.360 O.I36 except Marine 0.40 0.60 0.030 0.082 O. t41 0.047 0.059 0.065 5 and Marine 4 0.35 0.60 0.030 0.060 0.082 0.033 0.059 0.065 6 0.35 0.60 0.026 0.060 0.06 0.033 0.059 0.065 7 and 8 0.35 0.60 0.026 0.057 0.057 0.033 0.059 0.065 a. Nonlenes'Iration U -factors shall be obtained from measurement, calculmion or mt approved source. 402.1.4 Total UA alternative. If the total building thermal envelope UA (sum of U -factor times assembly area) is less than or equal to the total UA resulting from using the U -factors in Table 4112.1.3 (multiplied by the same assembly area as in [he proposed building), the building shall be considered incompliance with Table 4(12.1.1 . The UA calculation shall be done using a method consistent with the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals and shall include [he thermal bridging effects of framing materials. The SHGC requirements shall be met in addition to UA compliance. 402.2 Specific insulation requirements. (Prescriptive). 402.2.1 Ceilings with attic spaces. When Section 402.1.1 would require R-38 in the ceiling, R-30 shall be deemed to satisfy the requirement for R-38 wherever the full height of uncompressed R-30 insulation extends over the wall top plate at the eaves. Similarly R-38 shall be deemed to satisfy the requirement for R-49 wherever the full height of uncompressed R-38 insulation extends over the wall top plate at the eaves. , 402.2.2 Ceilings without attic spaces. Where Section 402.1.1. would require insulation levels above R-30 and the design of the roof/ceiling assembly does not allow sufficient space for the required insulation, the minimum required insulation for such roof/ceiling assemblies shall be R-30. This reduction of insulation from the requirements of Section 402.1.1 shall be limited to 500 square feet (46 mZ) of ceiling area. 402.2.3 Mass walls. Mass walls for the purposes of this Chapter shall be considered walls of concrete block, concrete, insulated concrete form (ICF), masonry cavity, brick (other than brick veneer), earth (adobe, compressed earth block, rammed earth) and solid timber/logs. The provisions of Section 402.1.1 for mass walls shall be applicable when at least 50 percent of the required insulation R -value is on the exterior of, or integral to, the wall. Walls that do not meet this criterion for insulation placement shall meet the wood frame wall insulation reyuirements of Section 40''.1.1 . Exception: For walls [ha[ do not meet the criterion for insulation placement, [he minimum added insulation R - value shall be permitted to be: 1. R -value of 4 in Climate Zone 1. 2. R -value of 6 in Climate Zone 2. 3. R -value of 8 in Climate Zone 3. 402.2.4 Steel-frame ceilings, walls and floors. Stee]-frame ceilings, walls and'floors shall meet the insulation requirements of Table 402.2.4 or shall meet the U -factor requirements in Table 402.1.3 . The calculation of the U -factor for asteel-frame envelope assembly shall use aseries-parallel path calculation method. TABLE 402.2.4 STEEL-FRAME CEILING, WALL AND FLOOR INSULATION (R -VALUE) WOOD FRAME R -VALUE REQUIREMENT COLD-FORMED STEEL EQUIVALENT R -VALUE" Steel Truss Ceilings I' R-30 R-38orR-30+3orR-26+5 R-38 R-49orR-38+3 R-49 R-38+5 Steel Joist Ceilings I' R-30 R-38 in2x4or2x6or2x8 R - 49 in any framing R-38 R-49 in2x4or2x6or2x8or2x10 Steel Framed Wall R-13 R-13+SorR-15+4orR-21+3 R-19 R-13+9orR-19+8orR-25+7 R-21 R-13+IOorR-19+9orR-25+8 Steel Joist Floor R-13 R-19in2x6 R-19+6in2x8or2x10 R-19 R-19+6in2x6 R-19+12in2x8or2x 10 a. l:avLLy msulahon R- value is lisretl first, lollowed by cominuous insulation R- value. b. Insulation exceeding the height of the framing shall cover the framing. 402.2.5 Floors. Floor insulation shall be installed to maintain permanent contact with the underside of the subfloor decking. 402.2.6 Basement walls. Walls associated with conditioned basements shall be insulated from the top of the basement wall down to 10 feet (3048 mm) below grade or to the basement Floor, whichever is less. Walls associated with unconditioned basements shall meet this requirement unless the floor overhead is insulated in accordance with Sections 402.1.1 and 402.2.5 . 402.2.7 Slab-on-grade floors. Slab-on-grade floors with a floor surface less than 12 inches (305 mm) below grade shall be insulated in accordance with Table 402.1.1 . The insulation shall extend downward from the top of the slab on the outside or inside of the foundation wall. Insulation located below grade shall be extended the distance provided in Table 402.1.1 by any combination of vertical insulation, insulation extending under the slab or insulation extending out from the building. Insulation extending away from the building shall be protected by pavement or by a minimum of 10 inches (254 mm) of soil. The top edge of the insulation installed between the exterior wall and the edge of the interior slab shall be permitted to be cut at a 45-degree (0.79 rad) angle away from the exterior wall. Slab-edge insulation is not required injurisdictions designated by the code official as having a very heavy termite infestation. 402.2.8 Crawl space walls. As an alternative to insulating floors over craw] spaces, crawl space walls shall be permitted to be insulated when the crawl space is no[ vented to the outside. Crawl space wall insulation shall be permanently fastened to the wall and extend downward from [he floor to the finished grade level and then vertically and/or horizontally for at least an additional 24 inches (610 mm). Exposed earth in unvented crawl space foundations shall be covered with a continuous vapor retarder. Al] joints of the vapor retarder shall overlap by 6 inches (153 mm) and be sealed or taped. The edges of the vapor retarder shall extend at least 6 inches (] 53 mm) up the stem wall and shall be attached to the stem wall. 402.2.9 Masonry veneer. insulation shall not be required on the horizontal portion of the foundation that supports a masonry veneer. 402.2.10 Thermally isolated sunroom insulation. The minimum ceiling insulation R -values shall be R-19 in zones 1 through 4 and R-24 in zones 5 though 8. The minimum wall R -value shall be R-13 in all zones. New wall(s) separating a sunroom from conditioned space shall meet the building thermal envelope requirements. 402.3 Fenestration. (Prescriptive). 402.3.1 U -factor. An area-weighted average of fenestration products shall be permitted to satisfy the U -factor requirements. 402.3.2 Glazed fenestration SHGC. An area-weighted average of fenestration products more than 50 percent glazed shall be permitted to satisfy the SHGC requirements. 402.3.3 Glazed fenestration exemption. Up to IS square fee[ (1.4 mZ) of glazed fenestration per dwelling unit shall be permitted to be exempt from U factor and SHGC requirements in Section 402.1.1 I . 402.3.4 Opaque door exemption. One opaque door assembly is exempted from the U -factor requirement in Section 402.1.1 . 402.3.5 Thermally isolated sunroom U -factor. For Zones 4 through 8, the maximum fenestration U-factor shall be 0.50 and the maximum skylight U -factor shall be 0.75. New windows and doors separating the sunroom from conditioned space shall meet the building thermal envelope requirements. 402.3.6 Replacement fenestration. Where some or all of an existing fenestration unit is replaced with a new fenestration product, including sash and glazing, the replacement fenestration unit shall meet the applicable requirements For U-factor and SHGC in Table 402.7.1 . 402.4 Air leakage. (Mandatory). 402.4.1 Building thermal envelope. The building thermal envelope shall be durably sealed to limit infiltration. The sealing methods between dissimilar materials shall allow for differential expansion and contraction. The following`shall be caulked, gasketed, weatherstripped or otherwise sealed with an air ban'ier material, suitable film or solid material: 1. Alljoints, seams and penetrations. 2. Site-built windows, doors and skylights. 3. Openings between window and door assemblies and their respective jambs and framing. 4. Utility penetrations. 5. Dropped ceilings or chases adjacent to the thermal envelope. 6. Knee walls. 7. Walls and ceilings separating a garage from conditioned spaces. 8. Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls. 9. Common walls between dwelling units. 10. Other sources of infiltration. 402.4.2 Fenestration air leakage. Windows, skyli~hts and sliding glass doors shall have an air infiltration rate of no more than 0.3 cfm per square foot (L5 Us/ m` ), and swinging doors no more than 0.5 cfin per square foot (2.6 I/s/ m'- ), when tested according to NFRC 400 or AAMA/WDMA/ CSA I OI/LS.2/A440 by an accredited, independent laboratory and listed and labeled by [he manufacturer. Exceptions: Site-built windows, skylights and doors. 402.4.3 Recessed lighting. Recessed luminaires installed in the building thermal envelope shall be sealed to limit air leakage between conditioned and unconditioned spaces by being: L IC-rated and labeled with enclosures that are sealed or gasketed to prevent air leakage to the ceiling cavity or unconditioned space; or 2. IC-rated and labeled as meeting ASTM E 283 when tested at 1.57 psi (75 Pa) pressure differential with no more than 2.0 cfm (0.944 IJs) of air movement from the conditioned space to the ceiling cavity; or 3. Located inside an airtight sealed box with clearances of at least 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) from combustible material and 3 inches (76 mm) from insulation. 402.5 Moisture control. (Mandatory). The building design, shall not create conditions of accelerated deterioration from moisture condensation. Above- grade frame walls, Floors and ceilings not ventilated to allow moisture to escape shall be provided with an approved vapor retarder. The vapor retarder shall be installed on the warm-in-winter side of the thermal insulation. Exceptions: 1. In construction where moisture or its freezing will not damage the materials. 2. Frame walls, floors and ceilings in jurisdictions in Zones I, 2, 3, 4A and 4B. (Crawl space floor vapor retarders are not exempted.) 3. Where other approved means to avoid condensation are provided. 402.6 Maximum fenestration U -factor and SIIGC. (Mandatory). The area weighted average maximum fenestration U -factor permitted using trade offs from Section 402.1 A or Section 404 shall be 0.48 in zones 4 and 5 and 0.40 in zones 6 through 8 for vertical fenestration, and 0.75 in zones 4 through 8 for skylights. The area weighted average maximum fenestration SHGC permitted using trade- offs from Section 404 in Zones 1 through 3 shall be 0.50. ' SECTION 403 SYSTED4S (Mandatory) 403.1 Controls. At least one thermostat shall be provided for each separate heating and cooling system. 403.1.1 Hea[ pump supplementary heat. Heat pumps having supplementary electric-resistance heat shall have controls that, except during defirost, prevent supplemental heat operation when the heat pump compressor can meet the heating load. 403.2 Ducts. 403.2.1 Insulation. Supply and return ducts shall be insulated [o a minimum of R-8. Ducts in Floor trusses shall be insulated to a minimum of R-6. Exception: Ducts or portions thereof located completely inside the building thermal envelope. 403.2.2 Sealing. All ducts, air handlers, filter boxes, and building cavities used as ducts shall be sealed. Joints and seams shall comply with Section M 1601.3.1 of the /nternational Residential Code . 403.2.3 Building cavities. Building framing cavities shall not be used as supply ducts. 403.3 Mechanical system piping insulation. Mechanical system piping capable of carrying Fluids above 105 ° F (41 ° C) or below 55 ° F (13 ° C) shall be insulated to a minimum of R-2. 403.4 Circulating hot water systems. All circulating service hot water piping shall be insulated to at least R-2. Circulating hot water systems shall include an automatic or readily accessible manual switch that can turh off the hot water circulating pump when the system is not in use. 403.5 Mechanical ventilation. Outdoor air intakes and exhausts shall have automatic or gravity dampers that close when the ventilation system is not operating. 403.6 Equipment sizing, Heating and cooling equipment shall be sized in accordance with Section M 1401.3 of the /nternational Residential Code. SECTION 404 SIMULATED PERFORMANCE ALTERNATIVE (Performance) 404.1 Scope. This section establishes criteria for compliance using simulated energy performance analysis. Such analysis shall include heating, cooling, and service water heating energy only. 404.2 Mandatory requirements. Compliance with this Section requires that the criteria of Sections 401 , 402.4 , 402.1 , 40^_.6 and 403 be met. 404.3 Performance-based compliance. Compliance based on simulated energy performance reyuires that a proposed residence (proposed design) be shown to have an annual energy cost that is less than or equal to the annual energy cost of the standard reference design. Energy prices shall be taken from a source approved by the code official, such as the Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration's Stnte Energy Price and Expendintre Report .Code officials shall be permitted to require time-of-use pricing in energy cost calculations. Exception: 7urisdic[ions that require site energy (1 kWh = 3,413 Btu) rather than energy cost as the metric of comparison. 404.4 Documentation. 404.4.1 Compliance software tools. Documentation verifying that the methods and accuracy of the compliance software tools conform to the provisions of this section shall be provided to the code official. 404.4.2 Compliance report. Compliance software tools shall generate a report that documents that the proposed design has annual energy costs less than or equal to the annual energy costs of the standard reference design. The compliance documentation shall include the following information: 1. Address of the residence; 2. An inspection checklist documenting the building component characteristics of [he proposed design as listed in Table 404.5.2(1) .The inspection checklist shall show the estimated annual energy cost for both the standard reference design and the proposed design; 3. Name of individual completing the compliance report; and 4. Name and version of the compliance software tool. 404.4.3 Additional documentation. The code official shall be permitted to require the following documents: 1. Documentation of the building component characteristics of the standard reference design. 2. A certification signed by the builder providing the building component characteristics of the proposed design as given in Table 404.5,2(1) . 404.5 Calculation procedure. 404.5.1 General. Except as specified by this section, the standard reference design and proposed design shall be configured and analyzed using identical methods and techniques. 404.5.2 Residence specifications. The standard reference design and proposed design shall be configured and analyzed as specified by Table 404.5.2(1) .Table 404.5.2(1) shall include by reference all notes contained in Table 403.1.1 . TABLE 404.5.2(1) SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE STANDARD REFERENCE AND PROPOSED DESIGNS BUILDING STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN PROPOSED DESIGN ' COMPONENT Above-grade walls ype: mass wall if proposed wall is mass: otherwise wood fi~ame As proposed ross area: same as proposed As proposed U -Factor. from Table 402.1._3 As proposed Solar absorp[ance = 0.75 As proposed mittance = 0.90 As proposed Basement and ype: same as proposed As proposed crawlspace walls Gross area: same as proposed As proposed U -Factor: from Table 402.1.3 with insulation layer on interior side of As proposed walls Above-grade floors ype: wood frame As proposed ross area: same as proposed As proposed U -Factor: from Table 4Q^_._I 3_ As proposed Ceilings ype: wood frame As proposed ross area: same as proposed ~ As proposed U -Factor: from Table 402.13 As proposed Roofs ype: composition shingle on wood sheathing As proposed ross area: same as proposed As proposed olar absorp[ance = 0.75 As proposed mittance = 0.90 As proposed Attics ype: vented with aperture= 1 f(Z per 300 ftZ ceiling area As proposed Foundations ype: same as proposed As proposed Doors rea: 40 ftZ As proposed rientation: North ~ As proposed U -factor: same as fenestration from Table 402.1; 3 As proposed Glazing a otal area "= As proposed (a) The proposed glazing area; where the proposed glazing area is less han 18% of the conditioned floor area (b) 18% of the conditioned floor area; where the proposed glazing area is 18% or more of [he conditioned floor area rientation: equally distributed to four cardinal compass orientations (N, As proposed ' S, & W) As proposed U-factor from Table 4021 . I. I As proposed SHGC: From Table a(1~,1_,1 except [ha[ for climates with no requirement Same as standard reference design ` (NR) SHGC = 0.40 shall be used nterior shade fraction: As proposed ummer (all hours when cooling is required) = 0.70 inter (all hours when heating is required) = 0.85 ' xternal shading: none Skylights one As proposed Thermally isolated one ~ As proposed sunrooms Air exchange rate Specific Leakage Area (SLA) ° = 0.00036 assuming no energy recovery For residences that are not tested, the same as the standard reference design For residences without mechanical ventilation that are tested in accordance with ASHRAE 1 l9, Section 5. ], the measw'ed air exchan e ratee but not less than 0.35 ACH For residences with mechanical ventilation that are tested in accordance with ASHRAE I ] 9, Section 5.1, the measured air exchange ratee combined with the ' ~ mechanical ventilation rate,f which ~. shall not be less than 0.01 x CFA+ where: CFA =conditioned Floor area N br = number of bedrooms Mechanical one, except where mechanical ventilation is specified by the proposed As proposed ventilation esign, in which case: nnual vent fan energy use: kWh/yr = 0.03942 x CFA + 29.565 x (N nr I) where: FA =conditioned floor area br = number of bedrooms Internal gains Gain = 17,900 + 23.8 x CFA + 4104 x N nr (Btu/day per dwelling unit) Same as standard reference design Internal mass An internal mass for furniture and contents of 8 pounds per square foot of Same as standard reference design, nor area plus any additional mass ' specifically designed as a thermal storage element g but not integral to the building envelope or structure Structural mass or masonry Floor slabs, 80% of floor area covered by R-2 carpet and pad, As proposed and 20%a of floor directly exposed [o room air As proposed or masonry basement walls, as proposed, but with insulation required by As proposed able 402.1.3 located on the interior side of the walls ' or other walls, (or ceilings, Floors, and interior walls, wood frame onstruction Heating systems h'' uel type: same as proposed design - As proposed fficiencies: lectric: air-source heat pump with prevailing federal minimum efficiency As proposed onelectric furnaces: natural gas furnace with prevailing federal inimwn efficiency ~ As proposed onelectric boilers: natural gas boiler with prevailing federal minimum As proposed fficiency _ opacity: sized in accordance with Section M1401.3 of the International As proposed esidential Code Cooling systems °' ~ uel type: Electric - As proposed fficiency: in accordance with prevailing federal minimum standards As proposed opacity: sized in accordance with Section M1401.3 of the /nternuiional esidentiul Cade A5 proposed Service uel type: same as proposed design ~ As proposed WaterHeating s' k fficiency: in accordance with pt~evailing Federal minimum standards As proposed ' se: gal/day = 30 + ] 0 x N b, ank temperature: 120°F Same as standard reference Same as standard reference Thermal thermal distribution system efficiency (DSE) of 0.80 shall be applied to Same as standard reference design, distribution systems otti the heating and cooling system efficiencies except asspecified by Table ' 404.5.2(3) Thermostat ype: manual, cooling temperature set point = 78°F; heating temperature Same as standard reference design set point = 68°F For SI: I square foot = 0.93 m' ; 1 firitis'h thermal unit = 10551; 1 pound per square foot = 4.88 kg/m2; 1 gallon (U.SJ = 3.785 L; °C = (°F-32)/1.8. a. Glazing shall be defined as sunlight-transmitting fenestration, including the area of sash, curbing or other frnming elements, that enclose condiiiuned space. Glazing includes the area ofsunlight-transmitting (enestration assemblies in walls bounding conditioned basements. For doors where the sunlight- transmitting opening is less then 50% of the door area, the glnzing area is the sunlight transmitting opening area. Far all other doors, the glnzing area is the rough frame opening area for the door including the door and the frame. b. For residences with conditioned basements, R-2 and R-4 residences and townhouses, the fallowing formula shall be used to determine glazing area: AF = Asx FAxF where: AF = Total glazing area. As' = Standard reference design total glazing area. FA (Above-grade lhennal boundary gross wall area)/(above-grade boundary wall area + 0.5 x below-grade boundary wall area).P F = (Above-grade thermal boundary wall area)/(above-grade thermal boundary wall area+common wall area) or 0.56, whichever is greater. and where: Thermal boundary wall is any wall that separates conditioned space from unconditioned space or ambient conditions. Above-grade thermal boundary well is any thermal boundary wall component no! in contact with soih Below-grade boundary wall is any thermal boundary wall in soil contact. , Common wall area is [he area of walls shamd with an adjoining dwelling unit. c. Por fenestrations facing within IS degrees (0.26 md) of true south that are directly coupled to thermal storage mass, the winter inferior shade fraction shall be permitted to be increased to 0.95 in the proposed design. d. V/here Leakage Area (L) is' defined in accordance with Section 5.1 of ASHRAE 1 I) and where:SLA = UCFAwhere L and CFA are in the same units. e. Tested envelope leakage shall be determined and documented by an independent pony approved by the code official. How'ly calculations as' specified in the 2001 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, Chapter 26, page 26.27, Equation 40 (Shannon-Gdmsmd model) or the eyui valpin shah be used to determine the energy loads resulting from infiltration. L The combined air exchange rate (or infiltration and mechanical ventilation shall be determined in accordance with Equation 43 o(2001 ASHRAB Handbook of Pundamenals page 2fi.24 and the "Whole~house Ventilation" provis'ions' 0(2001 ASHRAE Handbook of Pundamentals, page 26.19 for intermittent mechanical ventilation. g. Thermal Storage Clement shall mean a component not part oC the ^oors, wells or ceilings that is' par of a passive solar system, and that provides lherntal storage such as enclosed venter columns, rock beds, orphase-change containers. A thermal storage element must be in the same room es fenestration that feces within IS degrees (0.26 md) of true south, or must be connected to such a room with pipes or ducts chat allmv the element to be nclively charged. h. For a proposed design with multiple heating, cooling or water healing systems using different fuel types, the applicable standard reference design system capacities and Cu el types shell be weighted in accordance with their respective loads as calculated by accepted engineering practice for each equipment and fuel type present. i. For a proposed design without a proposed healing system, a heating system wish lho prevailing federal minimum efficiency shall be assumed for both [he standard reference design and proposed design. For electric heating systems, the prevailing federal minimum efficiency air-source heat pump shall be used for the standard reference design. j. For a proposed design home without ^ proposed cooling system, an electric air conditioner with the prevailing federal minimum efficiency shall be assumed for both the standard reference design and the proposed design. k. For a proposed design with a nonsmmge-type water heater, a 40.gallon storage-type water heater with the prevailing federal minimum Energy Pactor for the same fuel as the predominant heating fuel type shall be assumed. For the case of a proposed design without a proposed water heater, a 40.gallon storage-type water heater with the prevailing Federal minimum efficiency far the same fuel as the predominant heating fuel type shall be assumed (or both the proposed design and standard reference design. TABLE 404.5.2(2) DEFAULT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM EFFICIENCIES FOR PROPOSED DESIGNS a DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND CONDITION: FORCED HYDRONICSYSTEMS AIRSYSTEMS ish'ibution system components located in unconditioned space 0.80 0.95 istribution systems entirely located in conditioned space ` 0.88 1.00 ~. roposed "reduced leakage" with entire air distribution systmn located in 0.96 - he conditioned space roposed "reduced leakage" air distribution system with components 0.88 - ,~ ~7ocated in the unconditioned space "Ductless" systems ` 1.00 J - For SI: I cubic foot per minute=0.49 Us; I syuare foot = 0.093 m` ; 1 pound per s'yuareinch = fi895 Pa; i inch water gauge = 1250 Pa. a. Default values given by this table are forttntested disaibution systems, which must still meet minimum requirements for duct system insulation. b. Hydronic Systems shall mean those systems that distribute heating and cooling energy directly to individual spaces using liquids pumped through closed loop piping and that do not depend on ducted, Coreed air Oows to maintain space temperatures. c. Entire system in conditioned space obeli mean that no eomponenl of the disn'ibution system, including the air handler unit, is located outside of the conditioned space. ' d. Proposed "reduced leakage" shall mean leakage to omdoers no[ greater than 3 cfm per 100 f{' of conditioned Moor area antl total leakage not greater than 9 cfm per 100 fh oC conditioned floor area a[ a pressure differential of 0.02 inches w.g. (25 Pa) across the emire system, including the manufacturer's air handler enclosure. Total leakage of not greater than 3 cfm per 100 ft' of conditioned floor area a[ a pressure difference of 0.02 inches w.g. (25 Pa) across the entire system, including the manufacturer's air handler enclosure, shall be deemed Io meet this requirement without measurement of leakage to outdoo¢. This performance shall be specified es required in the cons[nmiion documents and eonfinned through field-testing of installed systems as documented by an approved independen[party. , e. Ductless systems may have forced airflow across a coil bra shall not have any ducted airflows external to the manufacturer's air handler enclosure. 404.6 Calwlation software tools. 404.6.1 Minimum. capabilities. Calculation procedures used to comply with this section shall be software tools capable of calculating the annual energy consumption of all building elements that differ between the standard reference design and the proposed design and shall include the following capabilities: 1. Computer generation of the standard reference design using only the input for the proposed design. The calculation procedure shall no[ allow the user to directly modify the building component characteristics of the standazd reference design: 2. Calculation of whole-building (as a single zone) sizing for the heating and cooling equipment in the standard reference design residence in accordance with Section M1401.3 of the (nrernational Residential Code. 3. Calculations that account for the effects of indoor and outdoor temperatures and part-load ratios on the performance of heating, ventilating and air conditioning equipment based on climate and equipment sizing. 4. Printed code official inspection checklist listing each of the proposed design component characteristics from Table 404.5.2(1) determined by the analysis to provide compliance, along with their respective performance ratings (e.g. R -Value, U -Factor, SHGC, HSPF, AFUE, SEER, EF, etc.). 404.6.2 Specific approval. Performance analysis tools meeting the applicable sections of 404 shall be permitted to be approved. Tools are permitted to be approved based on meeting a specified threshold for ajurisdiction. The code official shall be permitted to approve tools fora specified application or limited scope. 404.6.3 Input values. When calculations require input values not specified by Sections X02 ,'103 and 404 ,those input values shall be taken from an approved source. CHAPTERS COMMERCIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY SECTION 501 GENERAL 501.1 Scope. The requirements contained in this chapter are applicable to commercial buildings, or portions of commercial buildings. These commercial buildings shall meet either the reyuirements of ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1, Energy Standard for Buildings Except for Law-Rise Residentin! Buildings , or the requirements contained in this chapter. 501.2 Application. The requirements in Sections 502 (Building envelope), 503 (Building mechanical systems), 504 (Service water heating) and 505 (Lighting) shall each be satisfied on an individual basis. Where one or more of these sections is not satisfied, compliance for that section(s) shall be demonstrated in accordance with the applicable provisions of ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1. Exception: Buildings conforming to Section 50C ,provided Sections 50? 4 , 502_5_, 503:2 , 50& , 505 ~ , 505.3 , SOi.4 , 505.6 and 905.7 are each satisfied. SECTION 502 BUILDING ENVELOPE 12EQUIREMENTS 502.1 General. (Prescriptive). 502.1.1 Insulation and fenestration criteria. The building thermal envelope shall meet the requirements of Tables 502.2(1? and 5023 based on the climate zone specified in Chapter 3 . Buildings with a vertical fenestration area or skylight area that exceeds that allowed in Table 502.3 shall comply with the building envelope provisions of ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1. 502.2 Specific insulation requirements (Prescriptive). Opaque assemblies shall comply with Table 502.2(11 . TABLE 502.2(1) BUILDING ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS -OPAQUE ASSEMBLIES CLIMATE ZONE 1 2 3 4 except Marine 5 and Marine 4 6 7 8 Roofs nsulation entirely above deck R-15 ci R-IS ci R-I S ci R-15 ci R-20 ci R-20 ci R-25 ci R-25 ci etal buildings (with R-5 thermal blocks a) ° R-19+ R-10 R-19 R-19 R-I9 R-19 R-19 R-19 + R-10 R-19+ R-]0 ttic and other R-30 R-30 R-30 R-30 R-30 R-30 R-38 R-38 alts, Above Grade ass NR NR R-5J ci c, e R-5.7 ci c R-7.6 ci R-9.5 ci R-I 1.4 ci R-13.3 ci etal buildingb R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13+. R-13 R-13+ R-13 R-13+ R-13 R-13+ R-13 Metal framed R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13+ R-3.8 ci R-13+ R-3.8 ci R-13+ R-7.5 ci R-l3+ R-7.5 ci ood framed and other R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13 R-13 + R-7.5 ci alts, Below Grade elow grade wall ° NR NR NR NR NR NR R-7.5 ci R-7.5 ci loors ass NR R-5 ci R-5 ci R-]0 ci R-10 ci R-t0 ci R-15 ci R-l5 ci oisUFraming NR R-19 R-19 R-19 R-19 R-30 R-30 R-30 Slab-on-Grade Floors nheated slabs NR NR NR N12 NR NR NR R-]0 I'or 24 in. below eated slabs R-7.5 for 12 in. below R-7.5 for 12 in. below R-7.5 for 12 in. below R-7.5 for 12 in. below R-7.5 for 24 in. below R-10 for 36 in. below R-10 for 36 in. below R-10 for 48 in. below Opaque Doors Swinging U-0.70 U-0.70 U-0.70 U-0.70 U-0.70 U-0.70 U-0.70 U-0.50 Roll-up or sliding U-1.45 U-1.45 U-1.45 U-1.45 U-1.45 U-0.50 U-0.50 U-0.50 Por S 1: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. ci-Continuous Insulation NR - No Requirement a. Thermal blocks are a minimum R-5 of rigid insulation, which extends I-inch beyond the width o(the purlin on each side, perpendicular to the purlin. b. Assembly descriptions can be found in Table X02 '1t21 . c. R-5.7 ci may be substituted with concrete block walls complying with ASTD1 C 90, ungrouted or partially grouted at 32 in. or lesson cemer vertically and 48 in. or less on center horizontally, wish ungrouted cares BIIed with material having a maximum thermal conductivity of 0.44 13m-in.Po-f 2 F. d. When heated slabs are placed below grade, below grade walls must meet the exterior insulation requiremenu for perimeter insulaion according to the heated slab-un-grade constmction. e. Insulation is not required for mass walls in Climate Zone 3A located below the "Warm-Humid" line, and in Zane 3B. TABLE 502.2(2) METAL BUILDING ASSEMBLY DESCRIPTIONS ROOFS DESCRIPTION REFERENCE -19+R-10 illedcavityroo(. ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 hermal blocks are a minimum, R-5 of rigid insulation, which extends I in. beyond the width of the Table A2.3 urlin on each side, perpendicular to the purlin. . his construction is R-10 insulation baits draped perpendicularly over the pwiins, with enough looseness to allow R-19 bait to be laid above it, parallel to the purlins. Thermal blocks are [hen placed above the purlin/bait, and the roof deck is secured to the purlins. In the metal building industry, this is nown as the "sag and bag" insulation system. -19 landing seam with single insulation layer. ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 hermal blocks are a minimum R-5 of rigid insulation, which extends I in. beyond the width of the Table A2.3 urlin on each side, perpendicular to the purlin. his construction R-19 insulation baits draped perpendicularly over the purlins. Thermal blocks are hen placed above the purlin/bait, and the roof deck is secured to the purlins. Walls -t3 Ingle insulation layer ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 he firs[ layer o(R-13 insulation baits is installed continuously perpendicular to the gins and is Table A3.2 ompressed as the metal skin is attached to the girls. -l3 + R-13 ouble insulation layer ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 he first layer o(R-13 insulation baits is installed continuously perpendicular to the girls, and is Table A3.2 ompressed as the metal skin is attached to the girls. The second layer of R-13 insulation baits is installed within the fi~aming cavity. For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. 502.2.1 Roof assembly. The minimum thermal resistance (R -value) of the insulating material installed either between the roof framing or continuously on the roof assembly shall be as specified in Table xO2,2{I) ,based on construction materials used in the roof assembly. Exception: Continuously insulated roof assemblies where the thickness of insulation varies I inch (25.4 mm) or less and where the area weighted U -factor is equivalent [o [he same assembly with the R -value specified in Table 502.2(1) . Insulation installed on a suspended ceiling with removable ceiling tiles shall not be considered part of the minimum thermal resistance of the roof insulation. 502.2.2 Classification of walls. Walls associated with the building envelope shall be classified in accordance with Section 5(12.2.2.1 or 502.2.2.2 . 502.2.2.1 Above-grade walls. Above-grade walls are those walls covered by Section 502?.3 on the exterior of the building and completely above grade or walls that are more than 15 percent above grade. 502.2.2.2 Below-grade walls. Below-grade walls covered by Section 502,2.4 are basement or first-story walls associated with the exterior of the building [hat aze at least 85 percent below grade. 502.2.3 Above-grade walls. The minimum thermal resistance (R -value) of the insulating material(s) installed in the wall cavity between the framing members and continuously on the walls shall be as specified in Table 5(12'(11 ,based on framing type and construction materials used in the wall assembly. The R -value of integral insulation installed in concrete masonry units (CMU) shall not be used in determining compliance with Table 50'_.2(1) . "Mass walls" shall include walls weighing at least (I) 35 pounds per square foot (170 kg/ mZ) of wall surface area or (2) 25 pounds per square foot (120 kg/ m2) of wall surface area if the material weight is not more than l20 pounds per cubic foot (1,900 kg/m 3 ). 502.2.4 Below-grade walls. The minimum thermal resistance (R -value) of the insulating material installed in, or continuously on, [he below- grade walls shall be as specified in Table 502.2 l ,and shall extend to a depth of 10 feet (3048 mm) below the outside finish ground level, or to the level of the floor, whichever is less. 502.2.5 Floors over outdoor air or unconditioned space. The minimum thermal resistance (R -value) of the insulating material installed either between the floor framing or continuously on the floor assembly shall be as specified in Table 102.2 1 ,based on construction materials used in the floor assembly. "Mass floors" shall include floors weighing at least (I) 35 pounds per square foot (170 kg/ mz) of floor surface area or (2) 25 pounds per square foot (120 kg/ mZ) of floor surface area if the material weight is not more than 12 pounds per cubic foot (1,900 kg/m 3 ). 502.2.6 Slabs on grade. The minimum thermal resistance (R -value) of the insulation around the perimeter of unheated or heated slab-on- grade floors shall be as specified in Table 502.2(I~. The insulation shall be placed on the outside of the foundation or on the inside of a foundation wall. The insulation shall extend downward from the top of the slab for a minimum distance as shown in the table or to the top of [he footing, whichever is less, or downward to at least the bottom of [he slab and then horizontally to the interior or exterior for the total distance shown in the [able. 502.2.7 Opaque doors. Opaque doors (doors having less than 50 percent glass area) shall meet the applicable requirements for doors as specified in Table 502.2(1) and be considered as part of the gross area of above-grade walls that are part of the building envelope. 502.3 Fenestration. (Prescriptive). Fenestration shall comply with Table 502.3 . TABLE 502.3 BUILDING ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS: FENESTRATION Climate Zone 1 2 3 4 except Marine 5 and Marine 4 6 7 8 ertical Fenestration (40% maximum of above-grade wall) U- Factor Framing materials other than metal with or without metal reinforcement or cladding U-Factor 1.20 0.75 0.65 0.40 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 etal framing with or without thermal break urtain WalUStorefront U -Factor 1.20 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 Entrance Door U- Factor 1.20 l.lU 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 II Other U- Factor" 1.20 0.75 0.65 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.50 0.50 HGC-All Frame Types SHGC:PF<0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.40 0.40 0.40 NR NR HGC: 0.25 < PF < 0.5 0.33 0.33 0.33 NR NR NR NR NR SHGC: PF' 0.5 0.40 0.40 0.40 NR NR NR NR NR kylights (3%o maximum ) Glass U-Factor I.60 LOS 0.90 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 SHGC 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 NR NR Plastic U -Factor HGC 1.90 0.35 190 0.35 1.30 0.35 1.30 0.62 1.30 0.62 0.90 0.62 0.90 NR 0.60 NR rvte = rvo regwrement. PF=Projcclion (actor (See Section-Oa 2.1:a) a. All others includes operable windows, fixed windows and non-entrance doors. 502.3.1 Maximum area. The vertical fenestration area (not including opayue doors) shall not exceed the percentage of the gross wall area specified in Table 502.3 . The skylight area shall not exceed the percentage of the gross roof area specified in Table 502.3 . 502.3.2 Maximum U -factor and SHGC. For vertical fenestration, the maximum U- factor and solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) shall be as specified in Table 5023 ,based on the window projection factor. For skylights, the maximum U- factor and solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) shall be as specified in'I'able5(j23 . The window projection factor shall be determined in accordance with Equation 5-I. PF = A/B (Equation 5-1) where: PF= Projection factor (decimal). A = Distance measured horizontally from the furthest continuous extremity of any overhang, cave, or permanently attached shading device to the vertical surface of the glazing. B = Distance measured vertically from the bottom of the glazing to the underside of the overhang, cave, or permanently attached shading device. Where different windows or glass doors have different PF values, [hey shall each be evaluated separately, or an area-weighted PF value shall be calculated and used for all windows and glass doors. 502.4 Air leakage. (Mandatory) 502.4.1 Window and door assemblies. The air leakage of window and sliding or swinging door assemblies that are part of the building envelope shall be determined in accordance with AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/LS.2/A44Q or hIFRC 400 by an accredited, independent laboratory, and labeled and certified by the manufacturer and shall not exceed the values in Section 402.4? . Exception: Site-constructed windows and doors that are weatherstripped or sealed in accordance.with Section 502.4.3 . 502.4.2 Curtain wall, storefront glazing and commercial entrance doors. Curtain wall, storefront glazing and commercial-glazed swinging entrance doors and revolving doors shall be tested for air leakage at 7.57 pounds per square foot (psf) (75 Pa) in accordance with ASTM E 283. For curtain walls and storefront glazin~, the maximum air leakage rate shall be 0.3 cubic foot per minute per square foot (cfm/ft 2) (5.5 m 3 /h x m ) of fenestration area. For commercial glazed swinging entrance doors and revolving doors, the maximum air leakage rate shall be 1.00 cfm/ft 2 (18.3 m 3 /h x m~) of door area when tested in accordance with ASTM E 283. 502.4.3 Sealing of the building envelope. Openings and penetrations in the building envelope shall be sealed with caulking materials or closed with gasketing systems compatible with the construction materials and location. Ioints and seams shall be sealed in the same manner or taped or covered with a moisture vapor-permeable wrapping material. Sealing materials spanning joints between construction materials shall allow for expansion and contraction of the construction materials. 502.4.4 Outdoor air intakes and exhaust openings. Stair and elevator shaft vents and other outdoor air intakes and exhaust openings integral to the building envelope shall be equipped with not less than a Class I motorized, leakage-rated damper with a maximum leakage rate of 4 cfm per square foot (6.8 L/s • C m~) at 1.0 inch water gauge (w.g.) (1250 Pa) when tested in accordance with AMCA SOOD. Exception: Gravity (nonmotorized) dampers are permitted to be used in buildings less than three stories in height above grade. 502.4.5 Loading dock weatherseals. Cargo doors and loading dock doors shall be equipped with weatherseals to restrict infiltration when vehicles are parked in the doorway. 502.4.6 Vestibules. - A door that separates conditioned space from the exterior shall be protected with an enclosed vestibule, with all doors opening into and out of the vestibule equipped with self-closing devices. Vestibules shall be designed so that in passing through the vestibule it is not necessary for the interior and exterior doors to open at the same time. Exceptions: , 1. Buildings in Climate Zones I and 2 as indicated in Figure 301.1 and Table 301.1 . 2. Doors not intended to be used as a building entrance door, such as doors to mechanical or electrical equipment rooms. 3. Doors opening directly from a sleeping unit or dwelling unit. 4. Doors that open directly from a space less than 3,000 square feet (298 mZ) in area. 5. Revolving doors. 6. Doors used primarily [o facilitate vehicular movement or material handling and adjacent personnel doors. 502.4.7 Recessed luminaires. When installed in [he building envelope, recessed luminaires shall meet one oP the following requirements: 1. Type IC rated, manufactured with no penetrations between the inside of the recessed fixture and ceiling cavity and sealed or gasketed to prevent air leakage into the unconditioned space. 2. Type IC or non-IC rated, installed inside a sealed box constructed from a minimum 0.5-inch-thick (12.7 mm) gypsum wallboard or constructed from a preformed polymeric vapor barrier, or other air-tight assembly manufactured for this purpose, while maintaining required clearances of not less than 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) from combustible material and not less than 3 inches (76 mm) from insulation material. 3. Type IC rated, in accordance with ASTM E 283 admitting no more than 2.0 cubic feet per minute (cfm) (0.944 L/s) of air movement from the conditioned space to the ceiling cavity. The luminaire shall be tested at L57 psf (75 Pa) pressure difference and shall be labeled. 502.5 Moisture control. (Mandatory). All framed walls, floors and ceilings not ventilated to allow moisture to escape shall be provided with an approved vapor retarder having a permeance rating of I perm (5.7 x 10 -t 1 kg/Pa • s • m~) or less, when tested in accordance with the dessicant method using Procedure A of ASTM E 96. The vapor retarder shall be installed on the warm-in-winter side of the insulation. Exceptions: 1. Buildings located in Climate Zones 1 through 3 as indicated in Figure 301.1 and Table 30t l . 2. In construction where moisture or its freezing will not damage the materials. 3. Where other approved means to avoid condensation in unventilated framed wall, Floor, roof and ceiling cavities are provided. SECTION 503 BUILDING MECHANICAL SYSTEMS 503.1 General. Mechanical systems and equipment serving the building heating, cooling or ventilating needs shall comply with Section 503.2 (referred to as the mandatory provisions) and either: 1. Section 5033 (Simple systems), or 2. Section 503.4 (Complex systems). 503.2 Provisions applicable to all mechanical systems. (Mandatory). 503.2.1 Calculation of heating and cooling loads. Design loads shall be determined in accordance with the procedures described in the ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook .Heating and cooling loads shall be adjusted to account for load reductions that are achieved when energy recovery systems are utilized in the HVAC system in accordance with the ASHRAE HVAC Systems and Equipment Handbook .Alternatively, design loads shall be determined by an approved eyuivalent computation procedure, using the design parameters specified in Chapter 3 . 503.2.2 Equipment and system sizing. Equipment and system sizing. Heating and cooling equipment and systems capacity shall not exceed the loads calculated in accordance with Section 5(13?.1 . A single piece of equipment providing both heating and cooling must satisfy [his provision for one function with the capacity for [he other function as small as possible, within available equipment options. Exceptions: 1. Required standby equipment and systems provided with controls and devices that allow such systems or equipment to operate automatically only when the primary equipment is not operating. 2. Multiple units of the same equipment type with combined capacities exceeding the design load and provided with controls that have the capability to sequence the operation of each unit based on load. 503.2.3 HVAC equipment performance requirements. Equipment shall meet the minimum efficiency requirements of Tables 103.2.3(1) , 503.2.;(2) , 5(13.2.3(,) , 503.23(4) , 503.2.3(5) , 503.23(6) , 503.2.3(7) , 503.2.3(8) , 503.2.3(9) ,103.23(10) and 503.2.3(1 I) when tested and rated in accordance with the applicable test procedure. The efficiency shall be verified through certification under an approved certification program or, if no certification program exists, the equipment efficiency ratings shall be supported by data furnished by [he manufacturer. Where multiple rating conditions or performance requirements are provided, the equipment shall satisfy all stated requirements. Where components, such as indoor or outdoor coils, from different manufacturers are used, calculations and supporting data shall be furnished by the designer that demonstrate that the combined efficiency of the specified components meets the requirements herein. Exception: Equipment listed in Table 5(13?.3(7) not designed for operation at ARI Standard test conditions of 44°F (7°C) leaving chilled water temperature and 85°F (29°C) entering condenser water temperature shall have a minimum full load COP and IPLV rating as shown in Tables 5033,3-(!{Zthrough 503 2„ 3(-I OZas applicable. The table values are only applicable over the following full load design ranges: Leaving Chilled Water Temperature: 40 to 48°F (4 to 9°C) Entering Condenser Water Temperature: 75 [0 85°F (24 to 29°C) Condensing Water Temperature Rise: 5 to IS°F (43 to A8°C ) Chillers designed to operate outside of these ranges are not covered by this code. TABLE 503.2.3(1) UNITARY AIR CONDITIONERS ANll CONDENSING UNITS, ELECTRICALLY OPERATED, MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS EQUIPD7ENT TYPE SIZE CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OR MINIMUM TEST RATING CONDITION EFFICIENCY ° PROCF,DURE' Air conditioners, < 65,000 Btu/h ° Split system 10.0 SEER ARI 210/240 Air cooled Single package 9.7 SEER ' > 65,000 Btuh/h and < 135,000 Bw/h > 135,000 Btu/h and Split system and single package Split system and 10.3 EER ` ' 9.7 EER ` ~ ARI 340/360 <240,000 Btu/h single package ~ ' > 240,000 Btu/hand Split system and ~ 9.5 EER ` <760,000 Btu/h single package 9.7 IPLV > 760,000 Bndh Split system and 9.2 EER single package 9.4 IPLV ` Air conditioners, Water < 65,000 Btu/h Split system and 12.1 EER ARI 210/240 and evaporatively cooled single package > 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h Split system and single package I I.5 EER ` > 135,000 Btu/h and Split system and I I.0 EER ` ARI 340/360 < 240,000 Btu/h single package > 240,000 Btu/h Split system and 11.0 EER ` single package 10.31PLV For SI: I Bnnsh thermal unn per hour = 0.2971 W. a. Chaptor G contains' a complete specification of the referenced test procedure, including the referenced year vers'inn of the test procedure. b. IPLVS are only applicable to equipment with capacity modulation. c. Deduct 0.2 from the required EERs and IPLVS for units with a heating section other than electric resistance hem. d. Single-phase air-cooled air conditioners <fi5,000 Btu/h are regulated by the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 (NAECA), SEER values are those set by NAECA. TABLE 503.2.3(2) UNITARY AND APPLIED HEAT PUMPS, ELECTRICALLY OPERATED, MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS EQUIPMENT TYPE SIZE CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OR MINIMUM TEST PROCEDURE RATING CONDITION EFFICIENCY" Air cooled < 65,000 Btu/h ° Split system 10.0 SEER ARI 210/240 (Cooling mode) Single package 9.7 SEER > 65,000 Btu/hand Split system and 10.1 EER c < 135,000 Btu/h single package > 135,000 Btu/h and Split system and 9.3 EER c ARI 340/360 <240,000 Btu/h single package > 240,000 Btu/h Split system and 9.0 EER c single package 9.2 IPLV c Water source < 17,000 Btu/h 86°F entering water 11.2 EER ARUASHRAE-13256-1 (Cooling mode) > 17,000 Btu/h and 86°F entering water 12.0 EER ARI/ASHRAE-13256-] < 135,000 Btu/h Groundwater source < 135,000 Btu/h 5J°F entering water 16.2 EER ARUASHRAE-13256-1 (Cooling mode) Ground source < 135,000 Btu/h . 77°F entering water 13.4 EER ARUASHRAE 13256-1 (Cooling mode) Air cooled < 65,000 Btu/h ~ Split system 6.8 HSPF ARI 210/240 . (Heating mode) (Cooling capacity) Single package 6.6 HSPF > 65,000 Btu/h and 47°F db/43°F wb 3.2 COP < 135,000 Btu/h outdoor air ' (Cooling capacity) > I35,000 Btu/h 47°F db/43°F wb 3.1 COP ARI 340/360 (Cooling capacity) outdoor air Water source < 135,000 Btu/h 68°F entering water 4.2 COP ARI/ASHRAE-13256-1 (Heating mode) (Cooling capacity) Groundwater source < 135,000 Btu/h 50°F entering water 3.6 COP ARi/ASHRAE-13256-1 (Heating mode) (Cooling capacity) Ground Source < 135,000 Btu/h 32°F entering water 3.1 COP ARI/ASHRAE-13256-I (Heating mode) (Cooling capacity) F'or 51: "C= ((°F) - 32J / 1.8, 1 British thermal unit per hour= 0.2931 W. db =dry-hulk temperature, °F; wb =wet-bulb temperature, °F a. Chapter 6 contains a complete specification of the referenced test procedure, including the referenced year version o(the test procedure. b. IPLVS and Pan load rating conditions are only applicable to equipment with capacity modulation. c. Doduct 0.2 from the required EERs and ~LVs far units with a heating section other than electric resistance heal. d. Single-phase air-cooled heat pumps' <65,000 BtuPo are regulated by the National Appliance Gnergy Conservation Act of 1987 (NAECA), SEER and HSPF values are those set by NAECA. TABLE 503.2.3(3) PACKAGED TERMINAL AIR CONDITIONERS AND PACKAGED TERMINAL HEAT PUMPS EQUIPMENT TYPE SIZE CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OR MINIMUM EFFICIENCY ° 'I'ES'C PROCEDURE' (INPUT) RATING CONDITION PTAC (Cooling mode) All capacities 95 ° F tib outdoor air 12.5 - (0.213 ~ Cap/1000) EER ARI 310/380 New construction PTAC (Coaling mode) All capacities 95°F db outdoor air 10.9 - (0.213 ~ Cap/1000) EER Replacements ` PTHP (Cooling mode) All capacities 95°F db outdoor air 12.3 - (0.213 ~ Cap/1000) EER New construction PTHP (Cooling mode) All capacities 95°F db outdoor air 10.8 - (0.213 ~ Cap/1000) EER Replacements ` PTHP (Heating mode) All capacities - 3.2 - (0.026 ~ Cap/1000) COP , New construction PTHP (Heating mode) All capacities - 2.9 - (0.026 ~ Cap/1000) COP Replacements ` Par SI: °C-[(°F)-32]/1.8,IBrilish thermal unit per hour-02931W db =dry-bulb temperature, °F ' wb =wet-bulb temperature, °F a. Chapter (~ contains a complete specification of the referenced tell procedure, including the referenced year version o(Ihe test procedure. b. Cap means the rated cooling capacity of the product in Blu/h. If the unit's capacity is less than 7,000 BIU/h, use 7,000 BtuPo in the calculation. 1(Ihe unit's capacity is greater than 15,000 BtuPo, use IS,000 Btu/h in the calculation. a Replacement units must be factory labeled as follows: "MANUFACTURED POR REPLACEMENT APPLICATIONS ONLY: NOT TO BB INSTALLGD IN NIiW CONSTRUCTION PROlF--CTS" Replacemem el'liciencies apply only Io units with existing sleeves less than 16 inches (406 min) high and less than 42 inches (1067 mm) wide. TABLE 503.2.3(4) WARM AIR FURNACES AND COMBINATION WARM AIR FURNACES/AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS, WARM AIR DUCT FURNACES AND UNIT HEATERS, MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS EQUIPMENT TYPE SIZE CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OR MINIMUM TEST PROCEDURE' (INPUT) RAPING CONDITION EFFICIENCY a, e Warm air furnaces, < 225,000 Btu/h - 78%AFUE DOE 10 CFR Part 430 gas fired or or ANSI 221.47 80%a E,` > 225,000 Btu/h Maximum capacity ` 80% E, t ANSI 221.47 Warm air furnaces, < 225,000 Btu/h - 78% AFUE DOE 10 CFR Part 430 oil fired or or UL 727 80% E, >225,000Bm/h Maximum capacity" 81%E,b UL 727 Warm air duct furnaces, All capacities Maxilmm~ capacity n 80% E,. ANSI 283.8 gas fired Warm air unit heaters, All capacities Maximum capacity ~ 80% E,. ANSI 283.8 gas fired Warm air unit heaters, All capacities Maximun capacity ° 80% E, UL 731 oil feed For SI: I British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W. u. Chapter G contains a complete specifiwlion of tho refereneod lost procedure, including the referenced year version of tho test procedure. b. Minimum and mazimum ratings as provided for and allowed by the unit's controls. c. Combination units not covered by the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 (NAECA) (3-phase power or cooling capacity greater Than or equal to 65,000 Btu/h [ 19 kW]) shall comply with either rating. d. E r =Thermal efficiency. See test procedure for detailed discussion. e. E c =Combustion efficiency (100%O less Bue losses). See test procedure for detailed discussion. f. E c=Combustion efficiency. Units must also include an IID, have jackets not ezceeding 0.75 percent of the input raring, and have either power venting ar a nue damper. A vent damper is an acceptable alternative to a Flue damper for those furnaces where combustion air is drawn from the conditioned space. g. E r =Thermal efficiency. Units must also include an IID, have jacket losses not exceeding 0.75 percent of the input rating and have either power venting or a Due damper. A vent damper is an acceptable altemmive to a Oue damper for those furnaces where combustion air is drawn from the conditioned space. TABLE 503.2.3(5) BOILERS, GAS- AND OIL-FIRED, MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS EQUIPMENT TYPE r SIZE CATEGORY (INPUT) SUBCATEGORY OR RATINCCONDITION MINIMUM EFFICIENCY`'a'` TEST PROCEDURE ' Boilers, Gas fired < 300,000 Btu/h Flat water 80%AFUE DOE 10 CFR Steam 75% AFUE Part 430 > 300,000 Btu/h and < 2,500,000 Btu/h Minimum capacity ° 75% E, H.I. HBS - >2,SOQ000Btu/h r Hot water 80% E~ Steam 80% E~ Boilers, Oil fired < 300,000 Bnt/h - 80%AFUE DOE 10 CFR Part 430 > 300,000 Btu/h and <zsoo,ooo atnm Minimum capacity ^ 78% E, H.I. HBS > 2,500,000 Bm/h r Hot water 83% E~ Steam 83% Ec Boilers, Oi] fired (Residual) > 300,000 Btu/h and <2,SOO,000Btu/h Minimum capacity " 78% E, H.I. HRS > 2,500,000 Btu/h r Ho[ water 83% E~ Steam 83%C~ For SI: I Dn«sh thermal umt per hour = 0.2971 W. a. Chapter 6 contains a complete specification of the referenced test procedure, including the referenced year version of the test procedure. b. Minimum ratings as provided for and allowed by the unit's controls. c. Ec =Combustion effciency (100 percent less Ilue losses). See reference document for Uemilcd information. d. Er=Thermal effa:iency. Sec reference documem for derailed information. e. Ahernalive test procedures used at the manufnclurei s option are ASMB I'TC-4.1 (or units greater Than 5.000,000 Btu/h input, or ANSI 221.13 for units greater Than or equal to 300,000 Btu/h and less than or equal ro 2,500,000 Btu/h input. f These reyuirements' apply Io boilers with rated input of 8,(100,000 Bm/h or less that me nut packaged boilers, and Io all packngcd boilers. Minimum efficiency requirements for bailers cover all capacities of paeknged boilers. TABLE 503.2.3(6) CONDENSING UNITS, ELECTRICALLY OPERATED, MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS EQUIPMENT TYPE SIZE CATEGORY' MINIMUM EFFICIENCY " TEST PROCEDURE Condensing units, air cooled > 135,000 Btu/h ]0.1 EER 11.2 IPLV ARI 365 Condensing units, water or evaporatively cooled > 135,000 Btu/h 13.1 EER 13.1 IPLV For SI: I Brmsh thermal oral per hour = 0.2931 \4. a. Chapter fi contains a complete specification of the referenced test procedure, including the referenced year version of the test procedure. b. IPLVs are only applicable to eyuipmenl with capacity modulation. TABLE 503.2.3(7) WATER CHILLING PACKAGES, MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS EQUIPMENT TYPE SIZE CATGCORY MINIMUM EFFICIENCY ° TEST PROCEDURE" Air cooled, with condenser, < 150 tons 2.80 COP ARI 550/590 electrically operated 2.80 IPLV > I50 tons 2.50 COP 2.50 IPLV Air cooled, without condenser, All capacities 3.I0 COP ARI 550/590 electrically operated 3. ] 0 IPLV Water cooled, electrically operated, All capacities 4.20 COP positive displacement (reciprocating) 4.65 IPLV Water cooled, < 150 tons 4.45 COP ARI 550/590 electrically operated, 4.50 IPLV positive displacement > I50 tons and 4.90 COP ' (rotary screw and scroll) < 300 tons 4.95 IPLV > 300 tons 5.50 COP 5.60 IPLV Water cooled, < 150 tons 5.00 COP ARI 550/590 electrically operated, 5.00 IPLV centrifugal > ] 50 tons and 5.55 COP < 300 tons 5.55 IPLV > 300 tons 6.10 COP 6. ]O IPLV Air cooled, absorption All capacities 0.60 COP ARI 560 single effect Water cooled, absorption All capacities 0.70 COP single effect Absorption double effect, All capacities I.00 COP indirect-fired 1.05 IPLV Absorption double effect, All capacities 1.00 COP direct-f red I.00 IPLV ror oc tton=n.~iiew. -t;=l(•r)-szln.g. a. Chapter (i comains a complete specification o(the referenced test procedure, including the re(crenced year version o(lhe test procedure. b. The chiller equipment requirements do not apply for chillers used in low temperawre applications where the design leaving Ouid Iempemmre is less than or eyual to 40°F, TAIILE 503.2.3(8) COPS AND IPLVs FOR NONSTANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS < 150 TONS CEN7RIFUGAI. CHILLERS < 150 TONS COP :m = 5.4 Leaving chilled Entering Lif[ ° Condenser flow rate water temperature °F condenser water tem erature (°F) 2 gpndton2.5 gpm/tonl3 gpn onld onld ~4 gp Dorm/ 5 gpm/tonl6 gpn onld ( j p (°F) Required COP and IPLV 46 75 29 6.00 6.27 6.48 6.80 7.03 7.20 45 75 30 5.92 6.17 6.37 6.66 6.87 7A2 44 75 31 5.84 6.08 6.26 6.53 6.71 6.86 43 75 32 5.75 5.99 6.16 6.40 6.58 6.71 42 75 33 5.67 5.90 6.06 6.29 6.45 6.57 4l 75 34 S.S9 5.82 5.98 6.19 6.34 6.44 46 80 34 5.59 5.82 5.98 6.19 6.34 6.44 40 75 35 5.50 5.74 5.89 6.10 6.23 6.33 45 80 35 S.SO 5.74 5.89 6.10 6.23 6.33 44 80 36 5.41 5.66 5.81 6.01 6.13 6.22 43 80 37 5.31 5.57 5.73 5.92 6.04 6.13 42 80 38 5.21 5.48 5.64 5.84 5.95 6.04 41 80 39 5.09 5.39 5.56 5.76 5.87 5.95 46 85 39 5.09 5.39 5.56 5.76 5.87 S95 40 80 40 4.96 5.29 5.47 5.67 ' 5.79 5.86 4S 85 40 4.96 5.29 5.47 5.67 5.79 5.86 44 85 41 4.83 5.18 5.40 S.S9 5.71 5.78 43 85 42 4.68 5.07 5.28 S.SO 5.62 5.70 42 85 43 4.51 4.94 5.17 5.41 5.54 5.62 41 85 44 4.33 4.80 5.05 5.31 5.45 5.53 40 85 45 4.13 4.65 4.92 5.21 5.35 5.44 Condenser A T n 14.04 11.23 9.36 7.02 5.62 4.68 ror JL 'l=I("Y)-3L1/1.8,Igallon per minute=3.785 Ilmin.,llon=12,000 British thermal units per hour=3.517 kW. a. Lift =Entering condenser water temperature (° E) -Leaving chilled water temperature (° P). b. Condenser d T=Leaving condenser water temperature (° F7 -Entering condenser water temperature (° F). K ,°; = fi.l S07 - 0.30244(X) + O.OOfi2fi92(X)' - 0.000045595(X) where: X = Condenser dT + Lifl COP „~; = K ,~; x COP .w TABLE 503.2.3(9) COPS AND IPLVs FOR NONSTANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 150 TONS, < 300 TONS For SI: °C=[(°F)-32]/1.8,Igallon per minute=3.785 Umin.,lton=12,000 British thermal units per hour=3.517 kW. a. Lin =Entering condenser water temperature (° I) -Leaving chilled water [emperazunrt (° F). b. Condenser ~ T =Leaving condenser water tempcrawre (° F) -Entering condenser wmer mmperature (° F). K ,~~ = fi.1507 - 0.30244(X) + 0.00626)2(X)'- - 0,0000455Y5(X) where: X = Condenser ~ T+ Lift COP >vi = K ,~i x COP „° CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 150 Tons, < 300 Tons COP „d = 555 Leaving chilled Entering Lift ° Condenser Clow rate water temperature condenser water (°F) 2 gpndton 2.5 gpm/ton 3 gpm/[on 4 gpm/ton 5 gpm/Um 6 gpm/ton (°F) temperature (°F) _ Required COP and IPLV 46 75 29 6.17 6:44 6.66 6.99 7.23 7.40 45 75 30 6.08 634 6.54 6.84 7.06 7.22 44 75 31 6.00 6.24 6.43 6.71 690 7.05 43 75 32 5.91 6.15 6.33 6.58 6.76 6.89 42 75 33 5.83 6.07 6.23 6.47 6.63 6.75 41 75 34 5.74 5.98 6.14 6.36 6.51 6.62 46 80 34 5.74 5.98 6.14 6.36 6.51 6.62 40 75 35 5.65 5.90 6.05 G.26 6.40 6.51 45 80 35 5.65 5.90 6.05 6.26 6.40 6.51 44 80 36 5.56 5.81 5.97 6.17 6.30 6.40 43 80 37 5.46 5.73 5.89 6.08 6.21 6.30 42 80 38 5.35 5.64 5.8 6.00 6.12 6.20 41 80 39 5.23 5.54 5.71 5.91 6.03 6.11 46 85 39 5.23 5.54 5.71 5.91 6.03 6.11 40 80 40 5.10 5.44 5.62 5.83 5.95 6.03 45 85 40 5.10 5.44 5.62 5.83 5.95 6.03 44 85 41 4.96 5.33 5.55 5.74 5.86 5.94 43 85 42 4.81 5.21 5.42 5.66 5.78 5.86 42 85 43 4.63 5.08 5.31 5.56 5.69 5.77 41 85 44 4.45 4.93 5.19 5.46 5.60 5.69 40 85 45 4.24 4.77 5.06 5.35 5.50 5.59 Condenser A T b 14.04 11.23 93G 7.02 5.62 4.68 TABLE 503.2.3(10) COPS AND IPLVs P'OR NONS'PANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 300 'I'ONS CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 300 Tons COP ,,, = 6.1 Leaving chilled Entering Lift a Condenser ^ow rate water temperature condenser water (° F) 2 gpm/ton 2.5 gpndton 3 gpm/[on 4 gpm/[on 5 gpm/lon 6 gpm/[on (°F) temperature (°F) Required COP and IPLV 46 75 29 6.80 7.11 7.35 7.71 7.97 8.16 45 75 30 6.71 6.99 7.21 7.55 7.78 7.96 44 75 31 6.61 6.89 7.09 7.40 7.61 7.77 43 75 32 6.52 6.79 6.98 7.26 7.45 7.60 42 75 33 6.43 6.69 6.87 7.13 7.31 7.44 41 75 34 6.33 6.60 6.77 7.02 7.18 7.30 46 80 34 6.33 6.60 6.77 7.02 7.18 7.30 40 75 35 6.23 6.50 6.68 691 7.06 7.17 45 80 35 6.23 6.50 6.68 6.91 7.06 7.17 44 80 36 6.13 6.41 6.58 6.81 6.95 7.05 43 80 37 6.02 6.31 6.49 6.71 6.85 6.94 42 80 38 5.90 6.21 6.40 6.61 6.75 6.84 41 80 39 5.77 6.11 6.30 6.52 6.65 6.74 46 85 39 5.77 6.11 6.30 6.52 6.65 6.74 40 80 40 5.63 6.00 6.20 6.43 6.56 6.65 45 85 40 5.63 6.00 6.20 6.43 6.5G 6.65 44 85 41 5.47 ~ 5.87 6.10 6.33 6.47 6.55 43 85 42 5.3U 5.74 5.98 6.24 6.37 6.46 42 85 43 5.11 5.60 5.86 6.13 6.28 6.37 41 85 44 4.90 5.44 5.72 6.02 6.17 6.27 40 85 45 4.68 5.26 5.58 5.90 6.07 6.17 Condenser 4 T 6 14.04 11.23 9.36 7.02 5.62 4.68 ror ac - ~ = ll - r/ - ~[J / l.C, l gallon per minute = d. /&J Vmm., 1 Ion = IZ,VUU Untish Thermal units per hour= 3.517 kW. a. Lift =Entering condenser water temperature (° F) -Leaving chilled water temperature (° F). b. Condenser D T =Leaving condenser water temperorure (° F) - Gnlering condenser water Temperature (° F). Kadj = fi. I5W - 0.030244(X) + 0.0062692(X)'- - 0.000045595(X) where: X =Condenser 4 T + Lift COP ,al = K ,°, x COP ,w TABLE 503.2.3(11) PERFORMANCE REQUIREMEN'pS FOR HEAT REJECTION EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT TOTAL SYSTEM SUBCATEGORY OR RATING I'EI2PORMANCE PEST PROCEDURE TYPE HEAT REJECTION CONDI'T'ION RIiQUIRED''b CAPACITY AT RATED CONDITIONS Propeller or axial All 95°P entering water > 38.2 gpn>/hp CTI ATC-105 fan cooling 85°F leaving water and towers 75°F wb omdoor air CTI STD-201 Centrifugal Fan .All 95°F entering water > 20.0 gprrJhp CTI ATC-105 cooling towers 85°F leaving water and 75°F wb outdoor air CTI STD-201 Air cooled All 125°F condensing temperature > 176,000 ARI 460 condensers R-22 test Ouid Btu/h ~ hp 190°F entering gas temperature (69 COP) 15°F subcooling 95°F entering db f•or Sl: °C=U"F)-52J/1.8,Itlritish lhennal unit per hour=02931 N,Igallon per minute per hars'epower=0.8461Js'~kW. wb =wet-bulb temperature, ° f a. ror puposes of this table, cooling tower performance is defined ns the maximum now rating of the tower units' (gpm) divided by the Can nameplate rased motor power units (hp). b. For purposes oC this table, air-coaled condenser performance is defined as the heal rejected from the refrigerant units (BtuPo) divided by [he fan nameplae rated motor power units (hp). c. Chapter (contains a complete specincation of the referenced tell procedure, including the referenced year version of the test procedure. 503.2.4 HVAC system controls. Each heating and cooling system shall be provided with thermostatic controls as required in Section 503.2.4.1 , 503.2.E 2 , 503.2.4.3 , 503.2 4.4 , 503.4.1 , 503.4? , 503.4.3 or 503.4.4 . 503.2.4.1 Thermostatic controls. The supply of heating and cooling energy to each zone shall be controlled by individual thermostatic controls capable of responding to temperature within the zone. Where humidification or dehumidification or both is provided, at least one humidity control device shall be provided for each humidity control system. Exception: Independent perimeter systems that are designed to offset only building envelope heat losses or gains or both serving one or [Wore perimeter zones also served by an interior system provided: I. The perimeter system includes at least one thermostatic control zone for each building exposure having exterior walls facing only one orientation (within +/- 45 degrees) (0.8 rod) for more than 50 contiguous feet (l5.2 m); and 2. The perimeter system heating and cooling supply is controlled by a thermostat(s) located within the zone(s) served by the system. 503.2.4.1.1 Heat pump supplementary heat. Heat pumps having supplememary electric resistance heat shall have controls [hat, except during defrost, prevent supplementary heat operation when the heat pump can meet the heating load. 503.2.4.2 Set point overlap restriction. Where used to control both heating and cooling, zone thermostatic controls shall provide a temperature range or deadband of at least 5°F (2.8°C) within which the supply of heating and cooling energy to the zone is capable of being shut off or reduced to a minimum. Exception: Thennosta[s requiring manual changeover between heating and cooling modes. 503.2.4.3 Oft'-hour controls. Each zone shall be provided with thermostatic setback controls that are controlled by either vt automatic time clock or programmable control system. Exceptions: 1. Zones that will be operated continuously. 2. Zones with a full HVAC load demand not exceeding 6,800 Btu/h (2 kW) and having a readily accessible manual shutoff switch. 503.2.4.3.1 Thermostatic setback capabilities. Thermostatic setback controls shall have the capability to set back or temporarily operate the system to maintain zone temperatures down to 55°F (13°C) or up to 85°F (29°C). 503.2.4.3.2 Automatic setback and shutdown capabilities. , Automatic time clock or programmable controls shall be capable of starting and stopping the system for seven different daily schedules per week and retaining their programming and time setting during a loss of power for at least 10 hours. Additionally, the controls shall have a manual override that allows temporary operation of the system for up to 2 hours; a manually operated timer capable of being adjusted to operate the system for up to 2 ; hours; or an occupancy sensor. 503.2.4.4 Shutoft' damper controls. Both outdoor air supply and exhaust ducts shall be equipped with motorized dampers that will automatically shut when the systems or spaces served are not in use. Exceptions: 1. Gravity dampers shall be permitted in buildings less than three stories in height. 2. Gravity dampers shall be permitted for buildings of any height located in climate zones f, 2, and 3. 3. Gravity dampers shall be permitted for outside air intake or exhaust airflows of 300 cfm (.14 m 3 /s) or less. 503.2.5 Ventilation. Ventilation, either natural or mechanical, shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical Code .Where mechanical ventilation is provided, [he system shall provide the capability to reduce the outdoor air supply to the minimum required by Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical Code. 503.2.6 Energy recovery ventilation systems. Individual fan systems that have both a design supply air capacity of 5,000 cfm (2.36 m 3 /s) or greater and a minimum outside air supply of 70 percent or greater of the design supply air quantity shall have an energy recovery system that provides a change in the enthalpy of the outdoor air supply of 50 percent or more of the difference between the outdoor air and return air at design conditions. Provision shall be made to bypass or control the energy recovery system to permit cooling with outdoor air where cooling with outdoor air is required. Exception: An energy recovery ventilation system shall not be required in any of the following conditions: '~ 1. Where energy recovery systems are prohibited by the International Mechanical Code . 2. Laboratory fume hood systems with a total exhaust rate of 15,000 cfm (7.08 m 3 /s) or less. 3. Laboratory fume hood systems with a total exhaust rate greater than 15,000 cfm (7.08 m 3 /s) that include at least one of the following features: 3.1. Variable-air-volume hood exhaust and room supply systems capable of reducing exhaust and makeup air volume to 50 percent or less of design values. 3.2. -Direct makeup (auxiliary) air supply equal to at least 75 percent of the exhaust rate, heated no warmer than 2 ° F (1.1 ° C) below room set point, cooled to no cooler than 3 ° F (1.7 ° C) above room set point, no humidification added, and no simultaneous heating and cooling used for dehumidification ~, control. 4. Systems serving spaces that are not cooled and are heated to less than 60 ° F (15.5 ° C). 5. Where more than 60 percent of the outdoor heating energy is provided from sitexecovered or site solar energy. 6. Heating systems in climates with less than 3600 HDD. 7. Cooling systems in climates with a 1 percent cooling design wet-bulb temperature less than 64 ° F (17.7 ° C). 8. Systems requiring dehumidification that employ series-style energy recovery coils wrapped around the cooling coil. 503.2.7 Duct and plenum insulation and sealing. All supply and return air ducts and plenums shall be insulated with a minimum of R-S insulation when located in unconditioned spaces and with a minimum of R-8 insulation when located outside the building. When located within a building envelope assembly, the duct or plenum shall be separated Prom the building exterior or unconditioned or exempt spaces by a minimum of R-8 insulation. Exceptions: I. When located within equipment. 2. When the design tempernntre difference between the interior and exterior of the duct or plenum does not exceed 1 S°F (8°C). All joints, longitudinal and transverse seams and connections in ductwork, shall be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems or tapes. Tapes and mastics used to seal ductwork shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 181A and shall be marked "181A-P" for pressure-sensitive tape, "181A-M" for mastic or "181A-H" for heat-sensitive tape. Tapes and mastics used to sea] flexible air ducts and flexible air connectors shall comply with UL 181 B and shall be marked "181B-FX" for pressure-sensitive tape or "181B-M" for mastic. Duct connections to flanges of air distribution system equipment shat] be sealed and mechanically fastened. Mechanical fasteners for use with flexible nonmetallic air ducts shall comply with UL 181B and shall be marked 181B-C. Unlisted duct tape is not permitted as a sealant on any duct. 503.2.7.1 Duct construction. Ductwork shall be constructed and erected in accordance with the International Mechanical Code . 503.2.7.1.1 Low-pressure duct systems. Al] longitudinal and transverse joints, seams and connections of supply and return ducts operating at a static pressure less than or equal to 2 inches w.g. (500 Pa) shall be securely fastened and sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems or tapes installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Pressure classifications specific to the duct system shall be-clearly indicated on the construction documents in accordance with the International Mechanical Code . Exception: Continuously welded and locking-type longitudinal joints and seams on ducts operating at static ~ . pressures less than 2 inches w.g. (S00 Pa) pressure classification. 503.2.7.1.2 Medium-pressure duct systems. All ducts and plenums designed to operate at a static pressure greater than 2 inches w.g. (S00 Pa) but less than 3 inches w.g. (7S0 Pa) shall be insulated and sealed in accordance with Section 503.2.7 . Pressure classifications specific to the duct system shall be clearly indicated on the construction documents in accordance with the International Mechanical Code . 503.2.7.1.3 High-pressure duct systems. Ducts designed to operate at static pressures in excess of 3 inches w.g. (746 Pa) shall be insulated and sealed in accordance with Section Sfl i.2.7 . In addition, ducts and plenums shall be leak-tested in accordance with the SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual with the rate of air leakage (CL) less than or equal to 6.0 as determined in accordance with Equation 5-2. CL = F x P °'bs (Equation 5-2) where: F = The measured leakage rate in cfm per 100 square feet of duct surface. P = The static pressure of the test. Documentation shall be furnished by the designer demonstrating that representative sections totaling at least 25 percent of the duct area have been tested and that all tested sections meet the requirements of this section. 503.2.8 Piping insulation. Al] piping serving as part of a heating or cooling system shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Table 503.2.8 . Exceptions: 1. Factory-installed piping within HVAC equipment tested and rated in accordance with a test procedure referenced by this code. 2. Piping that conveys fluids that have a design operating temperature range between 55°F (13°C) and 105°F (41 °C). 3. Piping that conveys fluids that have not been heated or cooled through the use of fossil fuels or electric power. 4. Runout piping not exceeding 4 feet (1219 mm) in length and 1 inch (25 mm) in diameter between the control valve and HVAC coil. TABLE 503.2.8 MINIMUM PIPE INSULATION (thickness in inches) FLUID NOMINAL PIPE.DIAMETER < 1.5" > 1.5" Steam I''/z 3 Hot water 1 2 Chilled water, brine or reGigerant ~ 1 1'/z For SC I inch = 25.4 mm, British thermal unit per inch/h ft 2 °F = W per 25 mm/K ~ m' a. Based on insulation having a conductivity (k) not exceeding 0.27 Btu per inch/h ft 2 ~ °F. 503.2.9 HVAC system completion. Prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy, the design professional shall provide evidence of system completion in accordance with Sections 503,2,9. I through 503.2.9.3 . 503.2.9.1 Air system balancing. Each supply air outlet and zone terminal device shall be equipped with means for air balancing in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 6 of the International Mechanical Code .Discharge dampers are prohibited on constant volume fans and variable volume fans with motors 25 hp (18.6 kW) and larger. 503.2.9:2 Hydronic system balancing. Individual hydronic heating and cooling coils shall be equipped with means for balancing and pressure test connections. 503.2.9.3 Manuals. The construction documents shall require that an operating and maintenance manual be provided to the building owner by the mechanical contractor. The manual shall include, at least, the following: 1. Equipment capacity (input and output) and required maintenance actions.. 2. Equipment operation and maintenance manuals. 3. HVAC system control maintenance and calibration information, including wiring diagrams, schematics, and control sequence descriptions. Desired or field-determined setpoints shall be permanently recorded on control drawings, at control devices or, for digital control systems, in programming comments. 4. A complete written narrative of how each system is intended to operate. 503.3 Simple HVAC systems and equipment. (Prescriptive). This section applies to buildings served by unitary or packaged HVAC equipment listed in Tables 503.2 3(I l through 503.2.3(5) ,each serving one zone and controlled by a single thermostat in the zone served. It also applies to two-pipe heating systems serving one or more zones, where no cooling system is installed. This section does not apply to fan systems serving multiple zones, nonunitary or nonpackaged HVAC equipment and systems or hydronic or steam heating and hydronic cooling equipment and distribution systems that provide cooling or cooling and heating which are covered by Section 503.4 . 503.3.1 Economizers. 'Supply air economizers shall be provided on each cooling system as shown in Table 503.3' I (I )-, Economizers shall be capable of providing 100-percent outdoor air, even if additional mechanical cooling is required to meet the cooling load of the building. Systems shall provide a means to relieve excess outdoor air during economizer operation to prevent overpressurizing the building. The relief air outlet shal(be located to avoid recirculation into the building. Where a single room or space is supplied by multiple air systems, the aggregate capacity of those systems shall be used in applying this requirement. Exceptions: 1. Where the cooling equipment is covered by the minimum efficiency requirements of Table 503 2.3(U or .503.2:3(2) and meets or exceeds the minimum cooling efficiency requirement (EER) by the percentages shown in Table 503.3.1(2) . 2. Systems with air or evaporatively cooled condensors and which serve spaces with open case refrigeration or that require filtration equipment in order to meet the minimum ventilation requirements of Chapter 4 of the Internatioruil Mechanicnl Code . TABLE 503.3.1(1) ECONOMIZER REQUIREMENTS CLIMATE ZONES ECONOMIZER REQUIREMENT IA, 1B, 2A, No requirement 3A, 4A, 7, 8 2B, 3B, 3C, 46, Economizers on all cooling systems 4C, SB, SC, 6B > 54,000 Btu/h SA, 6A Economizers on all cooling systems ~, > 135,000 Btu/h Por SI: I British thermal unit per hour = 0.293 W. TABLE 503.3.1(2} EQUIPMENT EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE EXCEPTION FOR ECONOMIZERS CLIMATE ZONES COOLING EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT (EER OR IPLV) 2B 10% Efficiency Tmprovement 3B 15% Efficiency Improvement 4B 20% Efficiency Improvement 503.3.2 Hydronic system controls. Hydronic systems of at least 300,000 Btu/h (87,930 W) design output capacity supplying heated and chilled water to comfort conditioning systems shall include controls that meet the requirements of Section 503.4,3 . 503.4 Complex HVAC systems and equipment. (Prescriptive). This section applies to buildings served by HVAC equipment and systems not covered in Section 50.3.:3 . 503.4.1 Economizers. Supply air economizers shall be provided on each cooling system according to Table 503,3.1(11 . Economizers shall be capable of operating at 100 percent outside air, even if additional mechanical cooling is required to meet the cooling load of the building. Exceptions: I. Systems utilizing water economizers that are capable of cooling supply air by direct or indirect evaporation or both and providing 100 percent of the expected system cooling load at outside air temperatures of 50°F (10°C) dry bulb/45°F (7°C) wet bulb and below. 2. Where the cooling equipment is covered by the minimum efficiency requirements of Table 5032.3(1) , 503.2.3(2) , or 503.23~and meets or exceeds the minimum EER by the percentages shown in Table 503.3.1(2) 3. Where the cooling equipment is covered by the minimum efficiency requirements of Table 5032.3(7) and meets or exceeds the minimum integrated part load value (IPLV) by the percentages shown in Table SQ3.3.1~2~. , 503.4.2 Variable air volume (VAV) fan control. Individual VAV fans with motors of 10 horsepower (7.5 kW) or greater shall be: 1. Driven by a mechanical or electrical variable speed drive; or 2. The fan motor shall have controls or devices that will result in fan motor demand of no more than 30 percent of their design wattage at 50 percent of design air flow when static pressure set point equals one-third of the total design static pressure, based on manufacturer's certified fan data. For systems with direct digital control of individual zone boxes reporting to the central control panel, the . static pressure set point shall be reset based on the zone requiring the most pressure, i.e., the set point is reset lower until one zone damper is nearly wide open. 503.4.3 Hydronic systems controls. The heating of fluids that have been previously mechanically cooled and the cooling of fluids that have been previously mechanically heated shall be limited in accordance with Sections 503.4.3.1 through 503.4.3.3 . Hydronic heating systems comprised ofmultiple-packaged boilers and designed to deliver conditioned water or steam into a common distribution system shall include automatic controls capable of sequencing operation of the boilers. Hydronic heating systems comprised of a single boiler and greater than 500,000 Btu/h input design capacity shall include either a multistaged or modulating burner. 503.4.3.1 Three-pipe system. Hydronic systems that use a common return system for both hot water and chilled water are prohibited. 503.4.3.2 Two-pipe changeover system. Systems that use a common distribution system to supply both heated and chilled water shall be designed to allow a dead band between changeover from one mode to the other of at least 15°F (8.3°C) outside air temperatures; be designed to and provided with controls that will allow operation in one mode for at least 4 hours before changing over to the other mode; and be provided with controls that allow heating and cooling supply temperatures at the changeover point to be no more than 30 ° F (] 6.7 ° C) apart. 503.4.3.3 Hydronic (water loop) heat pump systems. Hydronic heat pumps connected to a common heat pump water loop with central devices for heat rejection and heat addition shall have controls that are capable of providing a heat pump water supply temperature dead band of at ]east 20°F (11.1 °C) between initiation of heat rejection and heat addition by the central devices. For Climate Zones 3 through 8 as indicated in Figure 301. I and Table 301.1_, if aclosed-circuit cooling tower is used, either an automatic valve shall be installed to bypass all but a minimal flow of water around the tower, or lower leakage positive closure dampers shall be provided. If an open-circuit tower is used directly in the heat pump loop, an automatic valve shall be installed to bypass all heat pump water flow around the tower. If an open-circuit cooling tower is used in conjunction with a separate heat exchanger to isolate the cooling tower from the heat pump loop, then heat loss shall be controlled by shutting down the circulation pump on the cooling tower loop. Each hydronic heat pump on the hydronic system having a total pump system power exceeding 10 horsepower (hp) (7.5 kW) shall have atwo-position valve. Exception: Where a system loop temperature optimization controller is installed and can determine the most efficient operating temperature based on real time conditions of demand and capacity, dead bands of less than 20°F (I1.1°C) shall be permitted. 503.4.3.4 Par[ load controls. Hydronic systems greater than or equal to 300,000 Btu/h (87,930 W) in design output capacity supplying heated or chilled water to comfort conditioning systems shall include controls that have the capability to: I. Automatically reset the supply-water temperatures using zone-return water temperature, building- return water temperature, or outside air temperature as an indicator of building heating or cooling demand. The temperature shall be capable of being reset by at least 25 percent of the design supply-to- return water temperature difference; or 2: Reduce system pump flow by at least 50 percent of design flow rate utilizing adjustable speed drive(s) on pump(s), or multiple-staged pumps where at least one-half of the total pump horsepower is capable of being automatically turned off or control valves designed to modulate or step down, and close, as a function of load, or other approved means. 503.4.3.5 Pump isolation. Chilled water plants including more than one chiller shall have the capability to reduce flow automatically through the chiller plant when a chiller is shut down. Chillers piped in series for the purpose of increased temperature differential, shall be considered as one chiller. Boiler plants including more than one boiler shall have the capability to reduce flow automatically through the boiler plant when a boiler is shut down. 503.4.4 Heat rejection equipment fan speed control. Each fan powered by a motor of 7.5 hp (5.6 kW) or larger shall have the capability to operate that fan at two- thirds of full speed or less, and shall have controls that automatically change the fan speed to control the leaving fluid temperature or condensing temperature/pressure of the heat rejection device. Exception: Factory-installed heat rejection devices within HVAC equipment tested and rated in accordance with Tables 503.2.3(6) through 503.2.3Q 2) . 503.4.5 Requirements for complex mechanical systems serving multiple zones. Sections 503.4.>:1 through 503.4,5. 3 shall apply to complex mechanical systems serving multiple zones. Supply air systems serving multiple zones shall be VAV systems which, during periods of occupancy, are designed and capable of being controlled to reduce primary air supply to each zone to one of the following before reheating, recooling or mixing takes place: 1.. Thirty percent of the maximum supply air to each zone. 2. Three hundred cfm (142 L/s) or less where the maximum flow rate is less than 10 percent of the total fan system supply airflow rate. 3. The minimum ventilation requirements of Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical Cod e. Exception: The following define when individual zones or when entire air distribution systems are exempted from the requirement for VA V control: 1. Zones where special pressurization relationships or cross-contamination requirements are such that VAV systems are impractical. 2. Zones or supply air systems where at ]east 75 percent of the energy for reheating or for providing warm air in mixing systems is provided from a site-recovered or site-solar energy source. 3. Zones where special humidity levels are required to satisfy process needs. 4. Zones with a peak supply air quantity of 300 efm (142 L/s) or less and where the flow rate is less than ]0 percent of the total fan system supply airflow rate. 5. Zones where the volume of air to be reheated, recooled or mixed is no greater than the volume of outside air required to meet the minimum ventilation requirements of Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical Code . 6. Zones or supply air systems with thermostatic and humidistatic controls capable of operating in sequence the supply of heating and cooling energy to the zone(s) and which are capable of preventing reheating, recooling mixing or simultaneous supply of air that has been previously cooled, either mechanically or through the use of economizer systems, and air that has been previously mechanically heated. 503.4.5.1 Single duct variable air volume (VAV) systems, terminal devices. Single duct VAV systems shall use terminal devices capable of reducing the supply of primary supply air before reheating or recooling takes place. 503.4.5.2 Dual duct and mixing VAV systems, terminal devices. Systems that have one warm air duct and one cool air duct shall use terminal devices which are capable of reducing the flow from one duct to a minimum before mixing of air from the other duct takes place. , 503.4.5.3 Single fan dual duct and mixing VAV systems, economizers. Individual dual duct or mixing heating and cooling systems with a single fan and with total capacities greater than 90,000 Btu/h [(26 375 W) 7.5 tons) shall not be equipped with air economizers. 503.4.6 Heat recovery for service water heating. Condenser heat recovery shall be installed for heating or reheating of service ho[ water provided the facility operates 24 hours a day, the total installed heat capacity of water-cooled systems exceeds 6,000,000 Btu/hr of heat rejection, and the design service water heating load exceeds 1,000,000 Btu/h. The required heat recovery system shall have the capacity to provide the smaller of: 1. Sixty percent of the peak heat rejection load at design conditions; or 2. The preheating required to raise the peak service hot water draw to 85 ° F (29 ° C). Exceptions: 1. Facilities that employ condenser heat recovery for space heating or reheat purposes with a heat recovery design exceeding 30 percent of the peak water-cooled condenser load at design conditions. 2. Facilities that provide 60 percent of their service water heating from site solar or site recovered energy or from other sources. SECTION 504 SERVICE WATER HEATING (Mandatory) 504.1 General. This section covers the minimum efficiency of, and controls for, service water-heating equipment and insulation of service hot water piping. 504.2 Service water-heating equipment performance efficiency, Water-heating equipment and hot water storage tanks shall meet the requirements of Table ~t)4 2, The efficiency shall be verified through data furnished by the manufacturer or through certification under an approved certification program. TABLE 504.2 MINIMUM PERFORMANCE OF WATER-HEATING EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT TYPE SIZE CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY PERFORMANCE TEST (input) OR REQUIRED e'" PROCEDURE RATING CONDITION ' Water heaters, Electric. < 12 kW Resistance 0.97 - 0.00132 V , EF DOE 10 CFR Part 430 > 12 kW Resistance 1.73 V+ 155 SL, Btu/h ANSI 221.10.3 Storage water heaters, < 24 amps and < 250 volts < 75,000 Btu/h Heat pump > 20 gal 0.93 - 0.00132 V , EF 0.67 - 0.0019 V , EF DOE 70 CFR Part 430 DOE ]0 CFR Part 430 Gas > 75,000 Btu/hand <4,000 Btu/h/gal gtjv~„g. ANSI 221.10.3 < 155,000 Btu/h ~ ~,~ g(g7 ~ 1 16 Y ~ St, Btu1h > 155,000 Btu/h <4,000 Btu/h/gal gtlg;, F. {(?? klxt+ ~ IOJ! ~ Sl.., Btu,t~ Instantaneous water > 50,000 Btu/hand > 4,000 (B [u/h)/gal 0.62 - 0.0019 V, EF DOH 10 CFR Part 430 heaters, Gas < 200,000 Btu/h c and < 2 gal > 200,000 Btu/h > 4,000 Btu/h/gal and 80% E t ANSI 221.10.3 <10ga1 > 200,000 Btu/h > 4,000 Btu/h/gal and 8fl"~ F„ > ]0 gal ~CJ l 3f.~ t I I0~} SI., Broth , Storage water < 105,000-Btu/h > 20 gal 0.59 - 0.0019 V , EF DOE 10 CFR Par[ 430 heaters, Oil >]OS,000Btu/h <4,000Btu/h/gal 7,3nsgF-r ANSI 221.10.3 ~Q? StliY+ 110') St-, Broth Instantaneous water < 210,000 Btu/h > 4,000 Btu/h/gaI and 0.59 - 0.0019 V, EF DOE 10 CFR Part 430 heaters, Oil < 2 gal > 210,000 Btu/h > 4,000 Btu/h/gal and 80%o E t ANSI 221;10.3 < 10 gal > 210,000 Btu/h > 4,000 Btu/h/gal and ?8°S E, > l0 gal ~ Q 1 8t?0 + 1 if)v+6' ~ S7_, Bnr;h Hot water supply > 300,000 Btu/h and > 4,000 Btu/h/gal and 80% E, ANSI 221.10.3 boilers, <]2,500,000Btu/h <]0gal - Gas and Oil Hot water supply > 300,000 Btu/h and > 4,000 Btu/h/gal and 80°.G F., ' boilers, Gas <12,500,000 Btu/h > 10 al g ~' {Q; 8fx7 r I IOr~I' } SL, Bnvh Hot water supply >300,000 Btu/h and > 4,000 Btu/h/gal and 78';"o pr boilers, Oil <12,SOQ,000 Btu/h > 10 gal ~~~ / g{)0 + 110~~ SL, Bm.+h Pool heaters, Gas and All - 78% E, ASHRAE 146 Oil Heat pump pool heaters All - 4.0 COP ARI l 160 ~.. Unfired storage tanks All - Minimum insulation requirement (none) R-12.5 (h- ft z - °F)Btu For SI: " C = l(" F) - 321 / 1.8, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, I gallon = 3.785 L, I British thermal unit per hour per gallon = 0.078 W/L. a. Energy factor (EP) and themral efficiency (E r) are minimum requirements. In the EP equation, V is the rated volume in gallons. b. Standby loss (SL) is [he maximum Btu/h based on a nominal 70°P temperature difference between stored water and nmbienl requirements. fn the SL equation, Q is the nameplate input rate in BtuPo. In the SL equation for electric water heaters, V is'the rated volume in gallons'. In the SL equation for oil and gas water heaters' and boilers, V is the rated volume in gallons. a Instnmm~eous wafer healers with input rates below 2A0,000 Btu/h must comply with these requiremems if the water heater is designed to hens venter to temperawres 180°P or higher. . 504.3 Temperature controls. Service water-heating equipment shall be provided with controls [o allow a setpoint of 110°F (43°C) for ~ equipment serving dwelling units and 90°F (32°C) for equipment serving other occupancies. The outlet temperature of lavatories in public facility rest rooms shall be limited to 110°F (43°C). 504.4 Heat traps. Water-heating equipment not supplied with integral heat traps and serving noncirculating systems shall be provided with heat traps on the supply and discharge piping associated with the equipment. 504.5 Pipe insulation. For automatic-circulating hot water systems, piping shall be insulated with 1 inch (25 tnm) of insulation having~a conductivity not exceeding 0.27 Bm per inch/h x ft 2 x °F (1.53 W per 25 mm/ m~ x K). The first 8 feet (2438 mm) of piping in noncirculating systems served by equipment without integral heat traps shall be insulated with 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) of material having a conductivity not exceeding 0.27 Btu per inch/h x ft 2 x °F (1.53 W per25 mm/ mZ x K). 504.6 Hot water system controls. Automatic-circulating hot water system pumps or heat trace shall be arranged to be conveniently turned off automatically or manually when the hot water system is not in operation. 504.7 Pools. Pools shall be provided with energy conserving measures in accordance with Sections 5~3 7,1 through 504.7.3 . 504.7.1 Pool heaters. All pool heaters shall be equipped with a readily accessible on-off switch to allow shutting off the heater without adjusting the thermostat setting. Pool heaters fired by natural gas shall no[ have continuously burning pilot lights. 504.7.2 Time switches. Time switches that can automatically turn off and on heaters and pumps according to a presecschedule shall be installed on swimming pool heaters and pumps. Exceptions: 1. Where public health standards require 24-hour pump operation. 2. Where pumps are required to operate solar-and waste-heat-recovery pool heating systems. 504.7.3 Pool covers. Heated pools shall be equipped with a vapor retardant pool cover on or at the water surface. Pools heated to more than 90 ° F (32 ° C) shall have a pool cover with a minimum insulation value of R-12. Exception: Pools deriving over 60 percent of the energy for heating from site-recovered energy or solaz energy source. SECTION 505 ELECTRICAL POWER AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS (Mandatory) 505.1 General. (Mandatory). This section covers lighting system controls, the comtection of ballasts, the maximum lighting power for interior applications, and minimum acceptable lighting equipment for exterior applications. Exception: Lighting within dwelling units. 505.2 Lighting controls. (Mandatory). Lighting systems shall be provided with controls as required in Sections 5052.1 , 505.2.2 , 505.2 3 and 5052A 505.2.1 Interior lighting controls. Each area enclosed by walls or floor-to-ceiling partitions shall have at least one manual control for the lighting serving that area. The required controls shall be located within the area served by the controls or be a remote - switch that identifies the lights served and indicates their status. Exceptions:. 1. Areas designated as security or emergency areas that must be continuously lighted. 2. Lighting in stairways or corridors that are elements of the means of egress. 505.2.2 Additional controls. Each azea that is required to have a manual control shall have additional controls that meet the requirements of Sections 505.2.2.] and 505.2.2.2. 505.2.2.1 Light reduction controls. Each area that is required to have a manual control shall also allow the occupant to reduce the connected lighting load in a reasonably uniform illumination pattern by at least 50 percent. Lighting reduction shall be achieved by one of the following or other approved method: 1. Controlling all lamps or luminaires; 2. Dual switching of alternate rows of luminaires, alternate luminaires or alternate lamps; 3. Switching the middle lamp luminaires independently of the outer lamps; or 4. Switching each luminaire or each lamp. Exceptions: , 1. Areas that have only one luminaire. 2. Areas that are controlled by an occupant-sensing device. , 3. Corridors, storerooms, restrooms or public lobbies. 4. Sleeping unit (see Section SQS.2.3 ). 5. Spaces that use less than 0.6 watts per square foot (6.5 W/mZ ). 505.2.2.2 Automatic lighting shutoff. Buildings lazger than 5,000 square feet (465 mZ) shall be equipped with an automatic control device to shut off lighting in those areas. This automatic control device shall function on either: 1. A scheduled basis, using time-of-day, with an independent program schedule that controls the interior lighting in areas that do not exceed 25,000 squaze feet (2323 mZ) and are not more than one floor; or 2. An occupant sensor that shall turn lighting off within 30 minutes of an occupant leaving a space; or 3. A signal from another control or alarm system that indicates the area is unoccupied. Exception: The following shall not require an automatic control device: ' ]. Sleeping unit (see Section 505~2.3~. 2. Lighting in spaces where patient care is directly provided. 3. Spaces where an automatic shutoff would endanger occupant safety or security. 505.2.2.2.1 Occupant override. Where an automatic time switch control device is installed to comply with Section SQS _2.2,2 ,Item 1, it shall incorporate an override switching device that: L Is readily accessible. 2. Is located so that a person using the device can see the lights or the area controlled by that switch, or so that the area being lit is annunciated. 3. Is manually operated. ° 4. Allows the lighting to remain on for no more than 2 hours when an ovemde is initiated. 5. Controls an area not exceeding 5,000 square feet (465 mZ ). Exceptions: I. In malls and arcades, auditoriums, single-tenant retail spaces, industrial facilities and arenas, where captive-key override is utilized, override time may exceed 2 hours. 2. In malls and arcades, auditoriums, single-tenant retail spaces, industrial facilities and arenas, the area controlled may not exceed 20,000 square feet (1860 mz ). 505.2.2.2.2 Holiday scheduling. If an automatic time switch control device is installed in accordance with Section 505.2.2.2 ,Item 1, it shall incorporate an automatic holiday scheduling feature that turns ofF all Toads for at least 24 hours, then resumes the normally scheduled operation. Excepton: Retail stores and associated malls, restaw~ants, grocery stores, places of religious worship and theaters. 505.2.3 Sleeping unit. Sleeping units in hotels, motels, boarding houses or similar buildings shall have at least one master switch at the main entry door that controls all permanently wired luminaires and switched receptacles, except those in the bathroom(s). Suites shall have a control meeting these requirements at the entry to each room or at the primary entry to the suite. 505.2.4 Exterior lighting controls. Lighting for all exterior applications shall have automatic controls capable of turning off exterior lighting when sufficient daylight is available or when the lighting is not required during nighttime hours. Lighting not designated for dusk-to-dawn operation shall be controlled by an astronomical time switch. Lighting designated for dusk-to-dawn operation shall be controlled by an astronomical time switch or photosensor. Astronomical time switches shall be capable of retaining programming and the time setting during loss of power for a period of at least 10 hours. Exception: Lighting for covered vehicle entrances or exits from buildings or parking structures where required' for safety, security, or eye adaptation. 505.3 Tandem wiring. (Mandatory). The following luminaires located within the same area shall be tandem wired: 1. Fluorescent luminaires equipped with one, three or odd-numbered lamp configurations, that are recess-mounted tvithin 10 feet (3048 mm) center-to-center of each other. 2. Fluorescent luminaires equipped with one, three or any other odd-numbered lamp configuration, that are pendant- or surface-mounted within 1 foot (305 mm) edge-to-edge of each other. Exceptions: 1. Where electronic high-frequency ballasts are used. 2. Luminaires on emergency circuits. 3. Luminaires with no available pair in the same area. 505.4 Exit signs. (Mandatory). Internally illuminated exit signs shall not exceed 5 Watts per side. 505.5 Interior lighting power requirements. (Prescriptive). A building complies with this section if its total connected lighting power calculated under Section 505.5.1 is no greater than the interior lighting power calculated under Section 505.5.2 . 505.5.1 Total connected interior lighting power. The total connected interior lighting power (watts) shall be the sum of the watts of all interior lighting equipment as determined in accordance with Sections 505.5.1.1 through SOS.S. L4 . Exceptions: The connected power associated with the following lighting equipment is not included in calculating total connected lighting power. 1. Specialized medical, dental and research lighting. 2. Professional sports arena playing field lighting. 3. Display lighting for exhibits in galleries, museums and monuments. 4. Sleeping unit lighting in hotels, motels, boarding houses or similar buildings. 5. Emergency lighting automatically off during normal building operation. 505.5.1.1 Screw lamp holders. The wattage shall be the maximum labeled wattage of the luminaire. 505.5.1.2 Low-voltage lighting. The wattage shall be the specified wattage of the transformer supplying the system. 505.5.1.3 Other luminaires. The wattage of all other lighting equipment shall be the wattage of the lighting equipment verified through data furnished by the manufacturer or other approved sources. 505.5.1.4 Line-voltage lighting track and plug-in busway. The wattage shall be the greater of the wattage of the luminaires determined in accordance with Sections 505.5.1.1 through 505.5.1.3 or 30 W/linear foot (98W/lin m). 505.5.2 Interior lighting power. The total interior lighting power (watts) is the sum of all interior lighting powers for all areas in the building covered in this permit. The interior lighting power is the floor area for each building area type listed in Table 505.5.2 times the value from Table 505.5.2 for that area. For the purposes of this method, an "area" shall be defined as all contiguous spaces that accommodate or are associated with a single building area type as listed in Table SOSS.2 . When this method is used to calculate the total interior lighting power for an entire building, each building area type shall be treated as a separate area. TABLE 505.5.2 INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES LIGHTING POWER DENSITY building Area Type a (W/ft Z ) Automotive Facility 09 '~ i Convention Center L2 ~I Court Hause 1.2 Dining: Bar Lounge/Leisw~e ].3 Dining: Cafeteria/Fast Food 1.4 Dining: Family 1.6 Dormitory 1.0 Exercise Center 1.0 Gymnasium 1.1 Hcafthcare-Clinic L0 Hospital 1.2 Hotel L0 Library 1.3 Manufacturing Facility 1.3 Motel LO Motion Picture Theater L2 Multi-Family 0.7 Museum I.1 Office ~ L0 Parking Garage 0.3 Penitentiary 1.0 Performing Arts Theater 1.6 Police/Fire S[a[ion 1.0 Post Office I .l Religious Building 1.3 Retail b I.5 ~_ SchooWniversity 1.2 Sports Arena 1.1 Town Hall 1.1 Transporullion LO Warehouse 0.8 Workshop 1.4 Nor Sl: 1 toot = 904.8 mm, 1 wau per square fool = W/ILOY"~9 m' . a. In eases where both a general building area type and a mare specifc building area type arc listed, the more specific building area type shall apply. b. Where lighting equipment is specified [o be installed io highlight specific merchandise in addition to lighting equipment specified Cor general lighting and is switched or dimmed on circuits different from the circuits for general lighting, the smaller of the actual wattage o(the lighting equipment installed specifically (or merchandise, or 1.6 W/f~ 2 times the area of the specific display buI not to exceed 50%of the Floor area, or 3.9 W/ft 2 times the acwel case or shelf area (or displaying and selling jewelry, china or silver, shall be added to the interior lighting power determined in aceoedance with this line item. 505.6 Exterior lighting. (Mandatory). When the power for exterior lighting is supplied through the energy service to the building all exterior lighting, other than low-voltage landscape lighting, shall comply with Sections 505,6.1 _and SO,S (i_2_. Exception: Where approved because of historical, safety, signage or emergency considerations. 505.6.1 Exterior building grounds lighting. All exterior building grounds luminaires that operate at greater than 100 watts shall contain lamps having a minimum efficacy of 60 lumens per watt unless the luminaire is controlled by a motion sensor or qualifies for one of the exceptions under Section SOS.fi^__, 505.6.2 Exterior building lighting power. The total exterior lighting power allowance for all exterior building applications is the sum of the individual lighting power allowances based on the densities permitted in Table 505.6.2 for these applications plus an additional unrestricted allowance of 5 percent of that sum. Tradeoffs are allowed only among exterior lighting applications listed in Table )05.6.2 in the Tradable Surfaces section. Exterior lighting for all applications (except those included in the exceptions to Section 505..¢,,?.,) shall comply with the requirements of Section 50~ 6,,1._. Exceptions: Lighting used for the following exterior applications is exempt when equipped with a control device independent of the control of the nonexempt lighting: 1. Specialized signal, directional, and marker lighting associated with transportation; 2. Advertising signage or directional signage; 3. Integral to equipment or instrumentation and is installed by its manufacturer, 4. Theatrical purposes, including performance, stage, film production and video production; 5. Athletic playing areas; 6. Temporary lighting; 7. Industrial production, material handling, transportation sites, and associated storage areas; 8. Theme elements in theme/amusement parks; and 9. Used to highlight features of public monuments and registered historic landmark structures or buildings. TABLE SOS.fi.2 LIGHTING POWER DENSITIES FOR BUILDING EXTERIORS APPLICATIONS LIGHTING POWER DENSITIES radable Surfaces (Lighting Power Densities for uncovered parking areas, building grounds, building enhances and exits, anopies and overhangs, and outdoor sales areas may be traded.) ncovered Parking Areas arking Lots and drives .15 W/ftZ uilding Grounds alkways less than 10 feet wide 1.0 watts/linear foot ~~ alkways 10 feet wide or greater, plaza areas and special feature reas .2 W/ ftZ [airways LO W/ ftZ uilding Entrances and Exits ain entries ~ 30 watts/linear foot of door width ther doors 0 watts/linear foot of door width Canopies and Overhangs anopies (free standing & attached and overhangs) 1.25 W/ ft2 Outdoor Sales pen areas (including vehicle sales lots) 0.5 W/ ftc treet frontage for vehicle sales lots in addition to "open area" allowance 20 watts/linear foot ontradahle Surfaces (Lighting Power Density calculations for the following applications can be used only for the specific application and cannot be traded between surfaces or with other exterior lighting. The following allowances are in addition to any allowance otherwise permitted in the Tradable Surfaces section of this table.) uilding facades .2 W/ ft~ for each illuminated wall or surface or 5.0 aus/linear fool for each illuminated wall or surface length utomated teller machines and night depositories 270 watts per locatiou plus 90 watts per additional ATM per location nuances and gatehouse inspection stations at guarded facilities 1.25 W/ ftZ of uncovered area (covered areas are included in the Canopies and Overhangs section of Tradable Surfaces) oading areas for law enforcement, fire, ambulance and other mergency service vehicles .5 W/ ft~ of uncovered area (covered areas are included in the Canopies and Overhangs section of Tradable Surfaces) rive-up windows at fast food restaurants 00 watts per drive-through arking neaz 24-hour retail enhances 800 watts per main entry ror SI: 1 toot = 3U4.8 mm, 1 wall per square toot = W/n.ueze m'. 505.7 Electrical energy consumption. (Mandatory). In buildings having individual dwelling units, provisions shall be made to determine the electrical energy consumed by each tenant by separately metering individual dwelling units. SECTION 506 TOTAL BUILDING PERFORMANCE 506.1 General The proposed design complies with this section provided that: 1. Sections 502.4 , 502.5 , 503.2 , 504 , 5052 , 505.3 , 505.4 , $05.6 and 505,7 are each satisfied, and 2. Annual energy costs of [he proposed design as determined in accordance with Section 506.3 do no[ exceed those of the standard design as determined in accordance with Section 506,4 . 506.2 Analysis procedures. Sections 5062.1 through 506.2.8 shall be applied in determining total building performance. 506.2.1 Energy analysis. Annual (8,760 hours) energy costs for the standard design and the proposed design shall each be determined using the same approved energy analysis simulation tool. 506.2.2 Climate data. The climate data used in the energy analysis shall cover a full calendar year (8,760 hours) and shall reFlect approved coincident hourly data for temperature, solar radiation, humidity and wind speed for the building location. 506.2.3 Energy rates. The annual energy costs shall be estimated using energy rates published by the serving energy supplier and which would apply to the actual building or DOE State-Average Energy Prices published by DOE's Energy Information Administration and which would apply to the actual building. 506.2.4 Nondepletable energy. Nondepletable energy collected off site shall be treated and priced the same as purchased energy. Energy from nondepletable energy sources collected on site shall be omitted from the annual energy cost of the proposed design. The analysis and performance of any nondepletable energy system shall be determined in accordance with accepted engineering practice using approved methods. 506.2.5 Building operation. Building operation shall be simulated For a full calendar year (8,760 hours). Operating schedules shall include hourly profiles for daily operation and shall account for variations between weekdays, weekends, holidays, and any seasonal operation. Schedules shall model the time-dependent variations of occupancy, illumination, receptacle loads, thermostat settings, mechanical ventilation, HVAC equipment availability, service hot water usage, and any process loads. 506.2.6 Simulated loads. The following systems and loads shall be modeled in determining total building performance: heating systems, cooling systems, fan systems, lighting power, receptacle loads, and process loads that exceed I.0 W/ft 2 (W/0.0929 mZ) of floor area of the room or space in which the process loads are located. Exception: Systems and loads serving required emergency power only. 506.2.7 Service water-heating systems. Service water- heating systems that are other than combined service hot water/space-heating systems shall be be omitted from the energy analysis provided all requirements in Section 504 have been met. 506.2.8 Exterior lighting. Exterior lighting systems shall be the same as in the standard and proposed designs. 506.3 Determining energy costs for the proposed design. Building systems and loads shall be simulated in the proposed design in accordance with Sections 5063.1 and 506.3.2 . 506.3.1 HVAC and service yvater-heating equipment. All HVAC and service water-heating equipment shall be simulated in the proposed design using capacities, rated efficiencies and part-load performance data for the proposed equipment as provided by the equipment manufacturer. 506.3.2 Features not documented at time of permit. If any feature of the proposed design is not included in the building permit application, the energy performance of that feature shall be assumed to be that of the corresponding feature used in the calculations required in Section 506.4 . 506.4 Determining energy costs for the standard design. Sections 506A_.1_through 5064.7 shall be used in determining the annual energy costs of the standard design. 506.4.1 Equipment efficiency. The space-heating, space- cooling, service water-heating, and ventilation systems and equipment shall meet, but. not exceed, the minimum efficiency requirements of Sections 503 and 504 . 506.4.2 HVAC system capacities. HVAC system capacities in [he standard design shall be established such that no smaller number of unmet heating and cooling load hours and no larger heating and cooling capacity safety factors are provided than in the proposed design. 506.4.3 Envelope. , The thermal envelope of the standard design shall comply with the prescriptive requirements of Sections 50.1 through 502.3 , as well as the mandatory provisions of Sections 502.4 through 502.5 . 506.4.4 Identical characteristics. The heating/cooling system zoning, the orientation of each building feature, [he number of floors and the gross envelope areas of the standard design shall be the same as those of the proposed design except as modified by Section 506.-0.5 or 506.4b . Exception: Permanent fixed or movable external shading devices for windows and glazed doors shall be excluded from the standard design. 506.4.5 Window area. The window area of the standard design shall be the same as the proposed design, or 35 percent of the above- grade wall area, whichever is less, and shall be distributed in a uniform pattern equally over each building facade. 506.4.6 Skylight area. The skylight area of the standard design shall be the same as the proposed design, or 3 percent of the gross arcabf the roof assembly, whichever is less. 506.4.7 Interior lighting. The lighting'power for the standard design shall be the maximwn allowed in accordance with Section 501.5 . Where the occupancy of the building is not known, the lighting power density shall be 1.5 Watts per square foot (16.1 W/ m? ). 506.5 Documentation. The energy analysis and supporting documentation shall be prepared by a registered design professional where required by the statutes of thejurisdiction in which the project is to be constructed. The information documenting compliance shall be submitted in accordance with Sections 506.5.1 through 506.5.4 , 506.5.1 Annual energy use and associated costs. The annual energy use and costs by energy source of the standard design and the proposed design shall be clearly indicated. 506.5.2 Energy-related features. A list of the energy- related features that are included in the proposed design and on which compliance with the provisions of the code are claimed shall be provided to the code official. This list shall include and prominently indicate all features that differ from those set forth in Section 506.4 and used in the energy analysis between the standard design and the proposed design. 506.5.3 Input and output report(s). Input and output report(s) from the energy analysis simulation program containing the complete input and output files, as applicable. The output file shall include energy use totals and energy use by energy source and end-use served, total hours that space conditioning loads are not met and any errors or warning messages generated by the simulation tool as applicable. 506.5.4 Written explanation(s). An explanation of any error or warning messages appearing in the simulation tool output shall be provided in a written, narrative format. CHAPTERfi REFERENCED STANDARDS This chapter lists the standards that are referenced in various sections of this document. The standards are listed herein by the promulgating agency of the standard, the standard identification, the effective date and title, and the section or sections of this document that reference the standard. The application of [he referenced standards shall be as specified in Section 107 . AMA merican Architectural Manufacturers Association 1827 Walden Office Square uite 550 chaumburg,IL 60173-4268 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section numbe AMA/WDMA/CSA pecifications for Windows, Doors and Unit Skylights 402'!.2 , 502.4.7 I01/LS.2/x440-OS MCA it Movement and Control Association International 0 West University Drive rlington Heights, IL 60004-1806 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section number OOD-98 aboratory Methods for Testing Dampers for Rating 502A. NSI merican National Standards Institute 5 West 43rd Street ourth Floor , ew York, NY 10036 tandard Referenecd eference in cod umber itle section number 21.10.3-O1 as Water Heaters, Volume Ili -Storage Water Heaters with Table 504 nput Ratings Above 75,000 Blu per Hour, Circulating Tank and Instmnaneous-with Addenda Z21. ] 0.3a-2003 and 21.10.36-2004 2L13-04 Gas-Fired Low Pressure Steam and Hot Water Boilers Table 503?.3 5) 2 L47-03 as-Fired Central Furnaces Table 503.2.3 4 83.8-02 as Unit Heaters and Gas-Fired Duct Fw'naces-with Table 503?3 4 ddendum Z83.8a-2003 RI it Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute 301 North Fairfax Drive uite 200 rlington, VA 22203 Standard Referenecd Reference in cod umber itle section numbe !0/240--03 nitary Air-Conditioning and Air-Sow'ce Heat Fump Table 503,2.3(1) , Tabl quipment 5(13?.3 2i 310/380-93 tandard for Packaged Terminal Air-Conditioners and Heat Table 503.2.3 3 umps 40/360-2000 ommercial and Industrial Unitary Air-conditioning and Table 503.2.30, Tabl eat Pump Equipment 503.2.3 '? 65-02 ommercial and Industrial Unitary Air-Conditioning Table 5113.'_.3 (i ondensing Units 60-00 emote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled Refrigerant Table 503.^. ± 1 I ondenscrs 50/590-98 ater Chilling Packages Using the Vapor Compression Table 503.2.3t7i ycl~with Addenda 60-00 bsorplion Water Chilling and Water Heating Packages Table 503,2.317 13256-I (2004) Ater-source Beat Pumps-Testing and Rating for Table 503.2.1(21 crformance-Part I: Water-to-air and Brine-to-air Heat umps 1160-2004 crformance 12uting of Heat Pump Pool Heaters Table 504.2 SHRAE merican Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- onditioning Engineers, Inc. 1791 Tullie Circle, NE tlanta, GA 30329-2305 Standard ~ Referenced eference ~ in cod umber itle section number 119-88 (RA 1994) it Leakage Performance for Detached Single-family Table 404.5:? I esiden[ial Buildings 146-1998 - esting and Rating Pool Heaters Table 504. 13256-I (2004) ater-source Heat Pumps-Testing and Rating for Table 503?.1(2) crformance-Part 1: Water-to-air and Brine-to-air Flea[ umps (ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-2004) 0.1-2004 nergy Standard for Buildings Except Low-rise Residential 501.1 , SOt2 , 5(12.1.1 uildings (ANSI/ASI-IRAE/IESNA 90.]-2004) ,Table 502.'? `2 SFiRAE-2004 SFIRAE Handbook of Fundamentals-2004 02. I _a_, Table a(1~3.5,2(Lj_, __ 503?.I ASHRAE-2004 SHRAE HVAC Systems and Equipment Handbook-2004 503.2.1 ..__. ............. SME merican Society of Mechanical Engineers 'hree Park Avenue cw York, NY 10016-5990 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section number C 4.1 - 1964 Steam Generating Units Table 503.35) STM STM International 100 Barr Harbor Drive est Conshohocken, PA 19428-2859 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section number 90-03 pecification for Load-bearing Concrete Masonry Units Table -50?..^_(1 I 96-OOe01 tandard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of '02 , 502.5 atcrials 283-04 est Method 1'or Determining the Rate of Air Leakage 40^_.4-;3 , 502.42 , 502.4.7 hrou h Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen CSA anadian Standards Association ~7 060 Spectrum Way ississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W SN6 tandard - Referenced eference in cod umber itle section number 101/LS.2/A440-OS peciGcations for Windows, Doors and Unit Skylights 402!1.2 , 5(12.4.] CTI ~ oolingTechnologyLtstitute 611 FM 1960 West, Suite H-200 ouston, TX 77068-3730 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section number TC-105 (2000) cceptance Test Code Table 503.231 l I 1 STD-201 (2002) ertification Standard for Commercial Water Cooling Table 5~3,2~ I1 owers O .S. Department of Energy L' /o Superintendent of Documents .S. Government Printing Office ashington, DC 20402-9325 tandard Referenced Reference in cod umber itle section numbe 10 CFR Part 430, Subpart Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Table 504,2 Appendix E (1998) onsumption of Water Heaters ' 10 CFR Part 430,Subpart niform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Table 503 ~.3f4) , Tabl Appendix N (1998) onsumption oFFurnaces and Boilers ,503.2.3(5 OE/EIA--0376 (Current tate Energy Prices and Expenditure Report 40.3 , S11G:2.3 dition) I ydronics Institute, Division of the Gas Appliance anufacturers Association O. Box 218 erkeley Heights, NJ 07054 tandard Referenced eference ~ in cod umber itle section number BS I=B=12-Testing and Rating Standard for Heating Boilers, Table 503.2.315 1989 Ed. C /-v nternational Code Council, Inc. l• 5203 Leesbw'g Pike, Suite 600 ails Church, VA 22041-3401 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section number BC-06 nternational Building Code© 102? , 201.3 CC EC-06 CC Electrical Code© '01.3 FC-06 nternational Fire CodeOO 201.3 FGC-06 nternational Fuel Gas Code® 201.3 MC--06 nternational Mechanical Code© 5033.5 , 503.2.6 , 503;'.7.1 , 503.''.7.1.1 , 503.2.7.1.2 , 503.2.9.1 , 5(13.?.l , 503.4.5 PC-06 nternational Plumbing Code® 201.3 RC--06 nternational Residential Code ~~ 2Q 1,3 , 40:i'Z.2 , ti113.( , 404.6. I ,Table 404.~~ ESNA Illuminating Engineering Socicly of North America ~7 120 Wall Street, 17th Floor ew York, NY 10005-4001 Standard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section numbe 0.1-2001 nergy Standard for Buildings Except Low-rise Residential 501,1 , 501.2 , 502.1.1 , uildings Table 502.2 ? FRC ational Fenestration Rating Council, Inc. 8484 Georgia Avenue uite 320 Silver Spring, MD 20910 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section numbe[ ]00-01 rocedure for Determining Fenestration Product U- ~ 102.1.3 actors-Second Edition 00-01 rocedure for Determining Fenestration Product Solar Heat 102.1.3 ain Coefficients and Visible Transmittance at Normal ncidence-Second Edition 00-01 rocedure for Determining Fenestration Product Air 402.4.2 , 502.4.1 eakage-Second Edition SMACNA beet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National ssociation, Inc. 021 Lafayette Center Drive hantil l y, V A 20151-1209 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section numbe MACNA-85 VAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual 503.2.7.1.3 T 7T nderwriters Laboratories Inc. ' U L 33 Pfingsten Road orthbrook, IL 60062-2096 tandard Referenced eference in cod umber itle section numbe 181 A-98 losure Systems for Use with Rigid Air Ducts and Air 5033.7 onneclors -with Revisions through December 1998 181B-95 losure Systems for Use with Flexible Air Ducts and Air 503.2.7 Connectors-with Revisions through August 2003 27-98 ~ Oil-Fired Central Furnaces-with Revisions through January Table 503.2.3 4 001 31-95 iI-Fired Unil Heaters-with Revisions through January Table 503.2.3(41 1999 WDMA indow and Door Manufacturers Association ]400 East Touhy Avenue, Suite 470 es Plaines, IL 60018 tandard eference umber itle Referenced in cod section number 101/LS.2/A440--05 pecifications for Windows, Doors and Unit Skylights 402.4.2 , 502.1.1