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the Department of Health rules regarding IWS's. These rules allow septic systems (septic <br />tank and leach field), or cesspools in some areas. The general limits are that an IWS <br />must be on a lot of at least 10,000 square feet, and there are limits on the number of <br />bedrooms that can use one IWS. As a practical matter, this means that IWS's can be used <br />only for residential subdivisions with lots of 10,000 square feet or larger (unless a <br />variance is obtained), and that only multi-family projects with relatively few units and <br />small commercial and industrial projects can use IWS's. <br />Parks <br />For the island as a whole, the following, based upon Exhibits H and I, gives the <br />"developed" park acreage per 1000 population: <br />2000 Census 2010 Population Projection <br />Puna ~ 2.12 1.56 <br />S. Hilo 5.85 5.85 <br />N. Hilo 22.50 22.50 <br />Hamakua 3.91 3,64 <br />N. Kohala 4:45 3.39 <br />S. Kohala 2.73 2.02 <br />N. Kona 1.93 1.62 <br />S. Kona 2.85 2..14 <br />Ka'u 5.00 4.13 <br />According to this analysis, all districts except North and South Hilo are currently <br />short of the "5 acres per thousand population" standard. It should be recognized that by <br />including only "developed" public park acreage, this listing does not count many areas <br />that are used by the public for outdoor recreation, such as some beach parks (Hapuna <br />State Recreational Area) and some parks maintained by private entities that are open to <br />the public, for instance, the park at `Anaehoomalu Bay, the Holoholokai Park in Mauna <br />Lani, and the public beach access area at 49 Black Sands. <br />-5- <br />