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COM 0203.000 2008-2010
BJ Leithead Todd William P. Kenoi \6rr,~ Nrg Or PlammiiR Director ~rF u~•N~:r~ County of Hawaii PLANNING DEPARTMENT Aupuni Center • 101 Pauahi Street, Suite 3 • Hilo, Hawaii 96720 Phone(808)961-8288 Fax(808)961-8742 N C. March 5, 2009 Honorable William P. Kenoi, Mayor ; County of Hawaii Z3 Zt m 891 Ululani Street Hilo, HI 96720 '=-n Ca o Dear Mayor Kenoi: U1 SUBJECT: 2008 GENERAL PLAN ANNUAL REPORT Transmitted herewith please find the first General Plan annual report. Per Hawaii County General Plan section 15-3, the primary intent of this report is "to monitor progress towards achieving the General Plan goals, objectives, and policies." Along with the CIP budget, the annual report "shall be the means to reconcile and prioritize competing community needs from a County-wide perspective" during the annual budgeting process. u a. y If you have any questions, please contact Ron Whitmore in our department. Sincerely, BJ LEITHEAD TODD Planning Director RW:cs 11 :\wpwin60\RWhitmore\Geneial Plan\Annual ReportWoles & Memos\2008 GP Annual Report Cover.doc Enclosure Comm. No. M Ref. To: Ref. Dot, 6X009 Hamat 'i County is on Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer a Honorable William P. Kenoi, Mayor County of Hawaii Page 2 March 5, 2009 cc: with report: County Council Members Managing Director Mayor's Office Kona Comity Clerk (with CD copy) Department of Environmental Management Department of Public Works Department of Parks & Recreation Department of Research and Development Department of Water Supply Finance Department Fire Department Police Department Office of Aging Office of the Corporation Counsel Office of Housing and Community Development Civil Defense Agency Mass Transit Agency Planning Commissioners Director, Planning Department Deputy Director, Planning Department Hilo and Kona EMs, Planners, Zoning Clerks, counter, library UH Hilo Library (with CD copy) y y O O O Q O O O O. O { y O O 4-K O y r O ~ cr O O 7P 7 O i" O O "V O 0 GENERAL PLAIN ANNUAL PEPORT 2008 O O - - - - - - _ - Uell' - - t O O O O O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 QD Wllllam P. Kenol WIIIIam T. Takaba Mayo, Manapirp anto r O Walter K.M. Lau Deputy ado, anaging 00 EnuufV of ~Katuaii 0 25 AuPuni Street, Roam 215 • Hilo. Hall 987204252 • (808) 961-8211 Fax (608) 961-6553 KONA: 7&5706 Kuakini HlpnwaY. SUM 103 • Kailua•Kona, Hawall 96740 0 (808) 329.5226 • Fax (806) 3265683 0 0 0 MAYOR'S MESSAGE O Caring for our beautiful Island of Hawaii is the most important responsibility we have. Preserving the values of our island culture through careful, thoughtful planning is among the highest concerns of County government, 0 Our General Plan is the foundation on which we undertake these tasks to 0 improve the lives of our residents and visitors now and into the future. 0 This annual report helps ensure that the General Plan continues to serve O the goals of county government by demonstrating the commitment to doing a better job for all the people who live, work and play in Hawai'i County. 0 0 My heartfelt thanks to everyone who helped work on this report for your outstanding efforts in service to the County. 0 0 Aloha, 0,~- 0 Billy Kenoi 0 Mayor 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hawaii County is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer 0 0 0 0 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 i n O O O O O CONTENTS O O MAYOR'S MESSAGE i O ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi O INTRODUCTION 1 O Purpose and Organization J O Limitations 1 Methodology 2 O More Information .........................................................................................................................3 O O PRESERVE AND ENHANCE NATURAL RESOURCES ...............................................................................4 Natural Beauty, Natural Resources and Shoreline 5 O 1. Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation .......................................5 O 2. Islandwide Water Demand ............................................................................................6 3. Water Demand, Hawaii Island Aquifers 6 O 4. Ocean Water Quality: Enterococcus Levels .....................................................................7 O 5. Air Quality: Annual Sulfur Dioxide Counts ......................................................................8 Environmental Quality ..................................................................................................................9 0 6. Solid Waste: Tonnage to Landfill; Diversion from Landfill .................................................9 O 7. Tonnage Recycled (by Selected Commodities) 10 8. Water Quality Measurements Downgradient from Hilo Landfill 10 0 9. HI-5 Beverage Container Collection Rate 11 O 10. Effluent Reuse 12 11. Hawaii Island's Greenhouse Gas Emissions 12 0 12. Alien Species Control: Coqui Control Efforts 13 O BUILD AND MAINTAIN BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE ECONOMY 14 O Energy ......................................................................................................................................15 O 13. Electric Power Consumption and Capacity 15 14. Share of Electric Power Produced from Renewable Resources 16 O 15. Sources of Renewable Electric Power 16 O 16. Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Consumption 17 17. LEED Certified Buildings in Hawaii County 18 O 18. EnergySTAR Homes in Hawaii County 18 O Public Facilities 19 19. Capital Improvement Encumbrances 19 O 20. Debt Service 20 O Public Utilities 21 21. Public Water Consumption 21 O 22. Water Quality: County Drinking Water Systems 22 O 23. Wastewater: County System 22 Transportation 23 O 24. Road System 23 0 25. Average Daily Volume of Traffic at Selected Spots 24 26. Major Traffic Accidents and Fatalities 24 O 27. Motor Vehicle Registration and Drivers' Licenses 25 O 28. Mass Transit Ridership 25 O 29. County Bus Miles Traveled, and Passengers per Mile 26 30. Routes and Trails for Bicycles 26 O O O Hawaii County Genera! Plan Annual Report, 2008 ii O 0 0 0 0 Land Use 27 0 31. Zoning Changes Approved 27 0 32. Rezonings, FY 2005 through 2008: by District and by Resulting Zoning 28 33. Change in Number of Tax Map Keys, 2004-2008 29 0 34. Building Permits: New Residential Units 30 0 Economy 30 35. Employment and Unemployment Rate 31 0 36. Jobs by Industry 32 0 37. Annual Change in Jobcount 33 38. Wage Growth, by Sector 33 0 39. Per Capita Personal Income 34 0 40. Income Inequality 34 41. 2000 Location of Homes, Jobs 34 0 42. 2006 Data: New Homes and Jobs 34 0 43. Visitor Arrivals (Air and Cruise) 35 44. Average Visitor Count 35 0 45. Annual Visitor Spending 35 0 46. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism 36 47. Agricultural Operations 37 48. Agriculture Sales Value 37 0 49. Organic Agriculture 38 50. Film Production Revenues in Hawaii County 38 0 0 DEVELOP AND PROTECT THE COMMUNITY 40 0 Flooding and Natural Hazards 41 51. Civil Defense: Emergency Events 41 0 Housing 42 0 52. Housing Units and Occupied Units 42 53. New Housing Built and Authorized 42 C 54. Housing Sales on Multiple Listing Service 43 C 55. Annual Median Prices on Multiple Listing Service 43 56. Volume and Share of Units Sold at Affordable Prices 44 0 57. Use of Housing Units: Owner-occupant Units 44 C 58. Affordable vs. Average Housing Prices 45 59. Portion of Income Spent on Housing 45 0 60. Homeless Population 46 C Public Safety 47 61. Police Personnel 47 C 62. New Police Hires 48 C 63. Crime Statistics: Part I, Part II Crimes/1,000 Population 48 64. Criminal Investigations: Number and Clearance Rate 49 C 65. Community Policing ....................................................................................................49 C 66. Firefighters ................................................................................................................50 67. New Firefighters 50 C 68. Volunteer Firefighters: Companies and Volunteer Personnel 51 C 69. Fire Department Response Volume 52 70. Fire Department Average Response Time 52 C 71. Fire Inspections (Volume of Fire Prevention Activity) 53 C 72. Beach Safety Activity 53 Recreation .................................................................................................................................54 C 73. County Recreation Facilities 54 C 74. County Recreation Usage Indicators 54 C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 iii 0 0 0 0 0 Other Community Initiatives 55 0 75. County Spending on Selected Community Initiatives 55 O 76. Elderly Population 56 77. Elderly Living with Limitations 56 0 78. Persons Served through Kupuna Care and Case Management 57 0 79. Senior Volunteers in Office of Aging Programs 57 0 TABLES .........................................................................................................................................58 0 1. Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation 58 0 2. Islandwide Water Demand 58 0 3. Water Demand, Hawaii Island Aquifers 58 4. Ocean Water Quality: Enterococcus Levels 58 0 5. Air Quality: Annual Sulfur Dioxide Counts 59 0 6. Solid Waste: Tonnage to Landfill; Diversion from Landfill 59 7. Tonnage Recycled (by Selected Commodities) 60 0 8. Water Quality Measurements Downgradient from Hilo Landfill 60 0 9. HI-5 Beverage Container Collection Rate 60 10. Effluent Reuse 61 0 11. Hawaii Island's Greenhouse Gas Emissions 61 0 12. Alien Species Control: Coqui Control Efforts 61 13. Electric Power Consumption and Capacity 62 0 14. Share of Electric Power Produced from Renewable Resources 62 0 15. Sources of Renewable Electric Power 62 16. Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Consumption 63 0 17. LEED Certified Buildings in Hawaii County 63 0 18. EnergySTAR Homes in Hawaii County 63 19. Capital Improvements Encumbrances 64 0 20. Debt Service 64 0 21. Public Water Consumption 64 22. Water Quality: County Drinking Water Systems 65 23. Wastewater: County System 66 . Q 24. Road System 66 O 25. Average Daily Volume of Traffic at Selected Spots 67 26. Major Traffic Accidents and Fatalities 67 27. Motor Vehicle Registration and Drivers' Licenses 67 0 28. Mass Transit Ridership 68 29. County Bus Miles Traveled, and Passengers per Mile 68 30. Routes and Trails for Bicycles 68 0 31. Zoning Changes Approved 68 32. Rezonings, FY 2005 through 2008: By District and by Resulting Zoning 69 0 33. Change in Number of Tax Map Keys, 2004-2008 69 0 34. Building Permits: New Residential Units 70 35. Employment and Unemployment Rates 70 36. Jobs by Industry 70 0 37. Annual Change in Jobcount................................................................................................. 71 38. Wage Growth, by Sector 71 0 39. Per Capita Personal Income 71 0 40. Income Inequality ..............................................................................................................71 41. 2000 Location of Homes, lobs 72 0 42. 2006 Data: New Homes and Jobs 72 0 43. Visitor Arrivals (Air and Cruise) 72 Hawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 iv i 0 0 0 44. Average Visitor Count 73 0 45. Annual Visitor Spending ......................................................................................................73 0 46. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism 73 0 47. Agricultural Operations 73 48. Agricultural Sales Value 74 0 49. Organic Agriculture 74 0 50. Film Production Revenues in Hawaii County 74 51. Civil Defense: Emergency Events 75 0 52. Housing Units and Occupied Units 75 0 53. New Housing Built and Authorized 75 54. Housing Sales on Multiple Listing Service 75 0 55. Annual Median Prices on Multiple Listing Service 76 0 56. Volume and Share of Units Sold at Affordable Prices 76 57. Use of Housing Units: Owner-occupant Units 76 0 58. Affordable vs. Average Housing Prices 76 0 59. Portion of Income Spent on Housing 77 60. Homeless Population 77 0 61. Police Personnel 77 0 62. New Police Hires 77 63. Crime Statistics: Part I, Part II Crimes/1,000 Population 77 0 64. Criminal Investigations: Number and Clearance Rate 78 0 65. Community Policing 78 66. Firefighters ........................................................................................................................78 0 67. New Firefighters 78 0 68. Volunteer Firefighters: Companies and Volunteer Personnel 79 69. Fire Department Response Volume 79 0 70. Fire Department Average Response Time 79 0 71. Fire Inspections (Volume of Fire Prevention Activity) 79 72. Beach Safety Activity 80 0 73. County Recreation Facilities 80 0 74. County Recreation Usage Indicators 80 75. County Spending on Selected Community Initiatives 81 0 76. Elderly Population 81 0 77. Elderly Living with Limitations 81 78. Persons Served through Kupuna Care and Case Management 81 0 79. Senior Volunteers in Office of Aging Programs 82 0 0 0 0 0 C C C C C C C C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 C C O O O O O ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS O O This report is the work of many contributors. Roy Takemoto, Executive Assistant to Mayor Harry Kim, provided overall direction. Ron Whitmore served as project manager. Belt Collins Hawaii staff worked on O data gathering and report development. Most of the County's department directors and agency heads O participated in identifying key goals and indicators. For their work in gathering and explaining data, we want to thank: O O CIVIL DEFENSE OFFICE OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY O Quince Mento, Administrator DEVELOPMENT O Mel Hirayama Jeremy McComber O ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PARKS AND RECREATION Nelson Ho, Deputy Director Pam Mizuno, Deputy Director Mike Dworsky James Komata O Craig Kawaguchi O PLANNING DEPARTMENT FINANCE DEPARTMENT Chris Yuen, Director O Nancy Crawford, Deputy Director Ron Whitmore O Harry Yada Stan Sitko POLICE DEPARTMENT O Major Larry Weber O FIRE DEPARTMENT Darryl J. Oliveira, Chief PUBLIC WORKS O Laurie Kaneta Bruce McClure, Director Doris Shiro MASS TRANSIT AGENCY O Tom Brown, Administrator RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT O Jane Testa, Director OFFICE OF AGING Fresia Basilio O Alan Parker, Administrator Alex Frost O Pauline Fukunaga Lito Asuncion WATER SUPPLY O Larry Beck O O O Thanks also go to Cynthia Drake, State Department of Transportation; Mayumi Bendiner, Scott O Murakawa, and Susan Kihara, State Department of Health; Raymond Maguire, Department of Land and O Natural Resources; Julie Leialoha and Ryan Hamilton, Big Island Invasive Species Council; Deborah Ward, O Hawaii Organic Farmers Association; and John M. Knox, John M. Knox and Associates, for making data available for this project. O O O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 vi 0 O 0 0 0 O INTRODUCTION O O Purpose and Organization O The County of Hawaii General Plan directs the Planning Department to prepare an annual report to monitor progress towards the General Plan goals, objectives and policies. This document is the first O report. O The General Plan is organized into thirteen substantive sections. In this report, those sections are clustered into the three, broad goal areas for sustaining Hawaii Island's environment, economy, and O community. Within those goal areas, County agencies have specific roles and responsibilities, which correspond with O sections of the General Plan. The table below demonstrates the connections between goal areas, sections of the General Plan, and the responsibilities of various County agencies. The organization of this report follows that of the table. O O O Goal Areas General Plan Sections County Units Responsible Natural Beauty (7) Planning, Finance Preserve and Enhance Natural Resources and Shoreline (8) Planning O Natural Resources Environmental Quality (4) Environmental Management Historic Sites 6 Planning Q Energy (3) Research and Development O Build and Maintain Public Facilities (10) Public Works, Finance Basic Infrastructure Public Utilities (11) Environmental Management, Q and the Economy Water Supply O Transportation (13) Mass Transit, Public Works Land Use (14) Planning Q Economy 2 Research and Development O Flooding and Natural Hazards (5) Civil Defense, Public Works Develop and Protect Housing (9) Housing and Community Development O the Community Public Safety (10) Fire, Police O Recreation (12) Parks and Recreation Other* Ain O O *The General Plan does not include any goals explicitly related to the responsibilities of the Office of Aging, the Department of Liquor Control, and the Office of the Prosecuting Attorney. The Offices of Q Management, the Corporation Counsel, and the County Clerk as well as the Departments of Finance, O Human Resources, and Data Systems serve the goals of the General Plan by providing leadership, legal support, information access, financial management, staffing, and technological support for the other O County departments. O O Limitations O The General Plan includes hundreds of goals and policies, and this report does not cover them O comprehensively. First, some goals are specific to a district or two. Second, a comprehensive report would be very long. Moreover, it's impossible: progress in meeting some of the goals and policies can't O be measured regularly. Therefore, those goals and policies that are most representative and affect the O entire County were selected for inclusion in this report. O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 1 O O O O O The County also cannot sustain Hawaii Island as a unique and wonderful place on its own. That is the O ongoing work of the County, residents, and other stakeholders, working in collaboration. This report O focuses primarily on areas of County activity and responsibility so that residents can assess the challenges we all face, the ways in which the County responds to those challenges, and the role of other O organizations in improving our quality of life. O Since this report is being prepared by the County Planning Department for consideration by many O stakeholders, it leaves to readers the important tasks of summing up the data and deciding what to do O next. This report is meant to support lively and informed discussion of the County's future, not to reach conclusions about quality of life and what is to be done. O O Methodology O To track progress toward achieving General Plan goals, the report compiles annual "indicators" of the O state of Hawaii County. An indicator signals whether change is occurring. A good indicator suggests O what sort of change is taking place, and whether it is small or large. Indicators in this report should help policy-makers and the public decide whether the County is moving towards its goals, and whether it is O moving fast enough. O The map is not the territory. An indicator represents a trend; it provides a measure of larger, more O complex facts that matter to people. It can help the community decide when action is needed, but not O what action is appropriate. (The danger here is of "teaching to the test" - fixing the indicator, not the problem.) O The indicators in the report were selected for several reasons: O O • The information speaks to a goal, policy, or standard enunciated in the General Plan. O • The information is measurable and quantifiable. O • Averages or samples are gathered regularly - in most cases, annually - so trends can be followed from year to year. O • The information is being collected already, although it may not be published. O The General Plan instructs the County to prepare this report annually. This is unusual - in most O communities, an indicator report is issued, but not updated. In future years, the list of indicators is expected to be stable, with some refinements and additions as better measures become available or as O stakeholders identify key problems and indicators to be considered. Future reports should therefore help Hawaii County's citizens track trends and see whether County initiatives are sustained. This report provides graphic accounts of indicators, with minimal commentary to help the reader assess O the trends. Tables of the indicator data are provided at the end. O Conventions used here include: O • Fiscal Years Annual data are provided for fiscal years beginning July 1 and ending on June 30 O wherever possible. The fiscal year from July 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008 is identified as FY 2008. O For all tables, notes indicate whether fiscal years (FY) or calendar years (CY) are used to summarize data. O O Ci Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 2 O 0 0 0 • Prices: Prices and values are those current at the time of a transaction. Trends such as median housing prices are not adjusted for inflation. General Plan References., Quotations from the Hawaii County General Plan at the beginning of sections are cited by page number. The key goals, policies, and standards listed in each sub- section are identified by the numbers and letters assigned to them in the General Plan. For example, the first goal in section 7.2 of the General Plan is quoted on page 5 below, and identified as 7.2 (a), as it is in the Plan. More Information This report is part of ongoing efforts to make government accountable to the people of Hawaii County O and to develop policies for a sustainable island. Important efforts have also been made by community organizations such as the Five Mountains Hawaii O effort that tracked health indicators. The Community Development Plans developed for Kona and North and South Kohala also call for monitoring of trends at the district level. O Other examples of creative use of indicators can be found in: 0 Rocky Mountain Institute. Accelerating Progress Toward a Sustainable Hawaii Island. Snowmass, O CO, 2007. (This report develops a systems approach to Hawaii island.) Kauai Planning &Action Alliance. Measuring What Matters forKaua`i: Community Indicators 0 Report, 2006. Uhue, HI, 2007. Posted at http://www.kauainetwork.org/kpaa-reports-and- 0 publications.ase. (This report has examples of indicators and suggestions for community action.) 0 R. Smolko, C. Strange and J. Venetoulis, The Community Indicators Handbook: Measuring Progress Toward Healthy and Sustainable Communities. 2nd edition. Redefining Progress, Oakland 0 CA, 2006. Publication can be downloaded at http://www.rprogress.org[publications/index.htm for a fee. (This report includes a history of community indicators in the United States, definitions, and extensive guides to other community efforts, to foundations supporting these efforts, and data sources.) 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 3 O O O O O PRESERVE AND ENHANCE NATURAL RESOURCES O O General Plan Sections: Environmental Quality, Historic Sites, Natural Beauty, Natural Resources and O Shoreline O O The people of the County of Hawaii live in an environment with qualities that other areas have long since lost.... O O The County's basic industries, agriculture, tourism, and scientific and technological enterprises, depend O upon a "clean " en vironment for optimum growth.... O In order to maintain en ecological balance it is essential to control pollution, develop more effective so/id waste and sewer treatment programs, control soil erosion, water runoff, and sprawl development, O as well as protect endangered plants and anima/ species. O Genera/ Plan, page 4-1 O Hawaii's natural beauty is both an irreplaceable asset and a part of the public trust. it is fragile and O although often enhanced by man can easily be adversely affected. Measures must be taken to insure its protection, both now and in the future, for the enjoyment of Hawaii's residents and visitors. O Genera/ Plan, page 7-1 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 Natural Beauty, Natural Resources and Shoreline o Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards o O o Protect, preserve and enhance the quality of areas endowed with natural beauty, including the quality of coastal scenic resources. [7.2 (a)] o Protect and conserve Hawai`i's environmental and natural resources, including the air, ocean o waters, shoreline, groundwater, soils, flora, fauna, forests, and geologic features from undue o exploitation, encroachment and damage. [8.2 (a)] o Provide opportunities for recreational, economic, and educational use without despoiling or o endangering environmental and natural resources. [8.2 (b)] o Indicators o 1. Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation O O O 250 200 O a~ 150 0 100 0 o 50 0 0 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q E Total Acreage o Source: Department of Finance O Hawai'i County initiated a policy of land acquisition for public access, open space, and natural resources preservation in 2005. The first purchases - of lands at Waipi`o and Kawa`a - were completed in FY 2008. O O O O O O 0 n O 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 5 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 2. Islandwide Water Demand 0 Demand with All Potential General Plan Demand at Buildout of All Current Zoning O Growth rr 0 3% ,2% O 17% f 0 40% 46% 47% O 40% O ? Current m Additional to GP, non-Ag p Current m Additional zoned, non-Ag p Ag o Remainder to SY p Ag D Remainder to SY O Notes: These pie charts combine the demand and sustainable yield figures for all the island's aquifers, showing demand and potential supply assuming transmission is not a problem. O GP = All development recognized as possible through 2030 in the General Plan. Ag = Irrigation for all agricultural uses. 0 SY = Sustainable yield (the amount that can be taken annually from the system without lowering reserves). O Source: Department of Water Supply, Hawaii County Water Use and Development Plan Update, 2006 O 3. Water Demand, Hawaii Island Aquifers 800 > 700 m `v 600 a 500 ~ 400 ~ `0 300 ~ 0 200 - 2 100 A I I A A . O Kohala East West Northeast Southeast Southwest Northwest Kilauea Hualalai Mauna Mauna Mauna Mauna Mauna Mauna 0 Kea Kea Loa Loa Loa Loa 0 m Current Use (no Ag.) m GP demand (no Ag.) m GP demand (with Ag) Sustainable Yield Notes: Only "current use" is historical. All other usage levels show total demand under various scenarios GP = All development recognized as possible through 2030 in the General Plan. 0 Ag = Irrigation for all agricultural uses. Source: Department of Water Supply, Hawaii County Water Use and Development Plan Update, Draft, 2006 O The aquifer system under Hawaii Island contains far more water than is used now and will be in the foreseeable future. This is not so for the West Hawaii aquifers: total projected demand, with fully irrigated agriculture and full buildout of permitted (zoned) or anticipated (General Plan) development, 0 would exceed sustainable yield in three sectors. 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 6 0 0 0 0 4. Ocean Water Quality: Enterococcus Levels 0 9% - - O U 8% O 7% O O N o 5% y o a ~ 4% m m o- 3% 0 V) w 2% - 0 0 1% m 0 uri 0% I-iA 2005 2006 2007 2008 Fiscal Year I o Onekahakaha ¦ Hilo (Canoe Beach) ? Kahalu'u Beach Park 0 ? Anaehoomalu Bay m Kamakahonu B Notes: Enterococcus is an indicator of the presence of various bacteria. Since enterococcus exists in fresh water and 0 soil in Hawaii, it is useful mainly as an indicator of bacteria in ocean recreation areas and is an ambiguous indicator in areas with much stream flow, such as Canoe Beach in Hilo Bay. CFU = Colony Forming Units. 104 CFU per 100 ml. 0 indicates high bacterial counts. Source: State Department of Health, Clean Water Branch 0 Water quality monitoring for enterococcus identifies potential health risks. The five beaches included in this table are sampled regularly. Two have no reported samples with levels of bacteria of concern. Of the 0 three that did have such samples, only Canoe Beach appeared every year. (Average readings for this beach are also higher than for the others studied.) 0 C Ci C C C C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 5. Air Quality: Annual Sulfur Dioxide Counts 14 800 O 12 700 m 10 600 c c 500 m 8 ` 400 E cc 6 300 E d 4 200 m 0 2 _ - 100 0 0, 1 11TA 0 0 2005 2006 2007 D Mean: Puna D Mean Hilo D Mean: Kona Q --Maximum: Puna -Maximum: Hilo -Maximum: Kona Note: All measures are of micrograms of S02 per cubic meter of air. Q Source: State Department of Health, Clean Air Branch O S02 counts have been collected from three stations. Through 2007, average readings were low, and the highest reading was only 733 micrograms per cubic meter. The standard warning level for this measure is 0 1,300 micrograms over a three-hour period - so all readings were below the standard through 2007. O Since March 2008, high S02 emissions from Halema`uma`u crater have been of concern for people and agriculture downwind of the volcano. Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 0 Hawaii County is taking steps to preserve lands of concern. Air and ocean water quality monitoring help to measure general environmental quality, identifying challenges facing the County and community. 0 Aquifers in dry areas of Hawaii cannot supply enough water to meet all expected regional development; systems linking different aquifers along with conservation are needed to maintain demand at or below sustainable levels. 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 8 O O O O Environmental Quality O O Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards O o Control pollution. [4.2 (c)] O o Encourage the concept of recycling agricultural, industrial, and municipal waste material. [4.3 O (d)] O Indicators O O 6. Solid Waste: Tonnage to Landfill; Diversion from Landfill O 250,000 - 35% O 200,000 30% 0 25% O 150,000 - 0 20% ~ 100,000 15% O 46 ~ 10% i O 50,000 - - In O 5% O 0% O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 1 0 Fiscal Year Solid Waste to Landfill O Solid Waste D_iw_r_ted-- -Share Diverted Source: Department of Environmental Management 0 The amount of solid waste recycled has been increasing faster than the total amount oflsolid waste. The 0 share of the residential waste stream diverted from the landfill has reached nearly 30%! (Commercial O haulers take waste directly to the landfill.) The next figure shows that greenwaste and metal recycling have accounted for much of the diversion. Recycling of paper and glass is also increasing. 0 O O O C C C C C C C Hawa'`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 9 C C O O O 0 O 7. Tonnage Recycled (by Selected Commodities) O O 100.000 - O 90,000 O 80.000 - 70,000 - O 60,000 O 50,000 O C 40,000 O 30,000 O 20,000 O 10,000 O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Fiscal Year O ¦ Greenwaste m Metal o Tres o Paper ¦ Plastics et Grease O ¦ Glass o Mixed ¦ Recycling Centers O ¦ Household Hazardous Waste ? Used Motor Oil Program a Electronic-Waste ¦ Latex Paint O Source: Department of Environmental Management O 8. Water Quality Measurements Downgradient from Hilo Landfill O O 450 - O . O 400 O 350 - O ° 300 O E 250 m O c 200 O 150 O 100 O 50 O _ O 2005 2006 2007 2008 O O m Volatile Organic Compounds p Dissolved Solids ? Alkalinity O Note: Reports are the average annual data for more than one well, for calendar years. Source: Department of Environmental Management O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 10 O 0 0 0 A minor release to groundwater at the South Hilo Sanitary Landfill was identified in 2006. Operational 0 changes implemented afterwards have resulted in measurable improvements to water quality 0 downgradient of the landfill. No volatile organic compound concentrations measured in groundwater 0 samples collected at the site have exceeded State or Federal water quality protection standards. Future landfill improvements, including a lined expansion area and construction of a materials sorting and 0 recycling center, will further improve the site operations and reduce environmental impacts. 0 0 9. HI-5 Beverage Container Collection Rate 0 - 0 8,000 100% 0 7,000 90% 0 6,000 80% 0 70% 0 5,000 - - ` w 60% 0 0 ro- 4,000 50% .a 3,000 40% ,2 30% 0 2,000 d 20% 0 1,000 - 10% 0 0 -10% 2006 2007 2008 0 Fiscal Year 0 D Containers Recycled, in tons -o-Participation in Recycling Q Source: State Department of Health C 0 The State tracks container recycling by weight, and estimates from surveys the share ofi residents who 0 recycle. (The share of containers actually recycled is measured on a Statewide, not County, basis.) 0 0 0 0 C C C C C C C C C Kawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 1 I C C Q Q Q Q Q 10. Effluent Reuse Q Q 9,000,000 Q 8,000,000 - Q ` 7,000,000 - 6,000,000 - Q 5,000,000 - 4,000,000 - Q $ 3,000,000 - Q 2,000,000 - 1,000,000 - Q _ Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Fiscal Year Q FO Effluent reused Q Source: Department of Environmental Management Q Q Treated water from sewage plants can be used to irrigate some landscapes and crops. Reuse of effluent Q can contribute to efficient use of a limited resource. Q Q 11. Hawai'i Island's Greenhouse Gas Emissions Q Q 3 Q 2.5 e Q 2- Q 1.5 Q w 1- Q 0.5 - Q 0 Q -0.5 1990 2007 Q Q -1 - Q -1.5 Q 2 Q Fm Energy w Industrial Processes ? Waste ? Ag/Forest (sources) ? Ag/Forest (sinks) Q Source: ICF International Draft Report to State Greenhouse Gas Task Force, 2008 Q Q Q Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 I2 Q 0 0 0 Between 1990 and 2007, Hawaii County greenhouse gas emissions increased from 2.02 to 2.78 million Q metric tons of C02 equivalents (MMTC02Eq). By far the largest sector contributing to these emissions Q was energy (including both transportation and the production of electricity). Q O 12. Alien Species Control: Coqui Control Efforts Q 2,500 30,000 Q O 2,000 ? 25, 5,000 20,000 Q 1,500 0 m w I' 115,000 m 1,000 d Q a 10,000 a Q 500 5,000 0 O 1 2006 2007 2008 Q @MMI Acres treated ? Acres infested (estimated) 0 Sources: Big Island Invasive Species Committee (treatment), Hawaii Invasive Species Council (estimated infestation) o Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives o Recycling is being practiced by the people and County administration. 0 The major environmental concern of 2008, increased sulfur dioxide from Kilauea volcano, does not 0 appear in the annual series reported here. 0 Invasive species such as miconia, the little fire ant and varroa mites are of concern. Responses involve citizens, the County, the State and federal agencies. Efforts to limit coqui frogs are viewed as an indicator o of ongoing efforts. However, coqui infestation has reached the point on the island of Hawaii that efforts Q are aimed at controlling its spread, not at total eradication. Q O C C C C C C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 13 C O O O O O BUILD AND MAINTAIN BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE O ECONOMY O O General Plan Sections: Energy, Public Facilities, Public Utilities, Transportation, Land Use, Economy O O The County of Hawaii must decrease economic vulnerability and energy costs. To do so, the County must combine the efforts of energy efficiency and the development of natural renewable energy O alternatives that reduce the dependence on imported fossil fuels and increase energy self-suf ldency. 0 Genera/ Plan, page 3-1 O It is necessary to carefully coordinate the provision of public facilities in order to use them most 0 effectively and to maximize the effect of the public dollar. It is equally necessary to realize that the type, quality, capacity and location of facilities and services have a significant impact on the community, the O people and the total environment. 0 Genera/ Plan, page 10-1 O The different elements of the transportation system ideally need to be planned through an integrated and 0 comprehensive process that includes land use planning.... O The island is faced with an increasing demand for the development of new transportation facilities and 0 'systems. 0 Genera/ Plan, page 13-1 0 The County is committed to providing its residents with a public transportation system that is affordable, efficient, accessible, safe, environmentally friendly, and reliable. O Genera/ Plan, page 13-11 O Government has responsibility to identify, understand, forecast, protect and promote local economic sectors and to balance economic growth with desired environmental, social and other objectives of the 0 community. 0 Genera/ Plan, page 2-1 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 14 0 O O O O Energy O Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards O o Strive towards energy self-sufficiency. [3.2 (a)] Q o Encourage the development of alternate energy resources. [3.3 (a)] o Encourage energy-saving design in the construction of buildings. [3.3 (n)] O Indicators O 13. Electric Power Consumption and Capacity O 1,200,000-- ~ ' 220 1,180, 000 1,160, 000 215 O 1,140, 000 210 1,120, 000 o O 1,100, 000 205 c O O 1,080,000 1,060,000 200 O 1,040,000 195 a O 1,020,000 1,000,000 , 190 O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O -Power sold (MWh) --o- System peak (MW) O Notes: MW = Megawatts; MWh = Megawatt hours Sources: State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism (DBEDT), The Statel of Hawaii Data O Book and reports by Hawaiian Electric Industries O O O O O O O O O O O li Ci O Hawai a County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 15 O O O O O O 14. Share of Electric Power Produced from Renewable Resources O O 500 - 40% Q 450 35% O 400 30% O 350 O 300 25% y O c 250 20% w 0 O 200 15% O 150 10% O 100 O 50 5% O 0% O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O O ® Renewable Power Sales - Share of all Electric Power Sales O Sources: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book and reports by Hawaiian Electric Industries O O 15. Sources of Renewable Electric Power O 450 O 400 O 350 O 300 - O 250 _ O $ 200 O 150 O 100 _ O 50 71 11 L§LiL O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O o Geothermal o Hydroelectric o Photovoltaic o Solar Water Heating ? Wind O O Sources: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Bookand reports by Hawaiian Electric Industries O The amount of power sold per resident has increased very little, from 6.69 to 6.72 MegaWatt O hours/person per year. While total power demand is increasing, the share produced from renewable O sources has grown as well. New wind power sources now provide more power than hydroelectric, O although geothermal power remains the leading renewable source of electric power. O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 16 n . o 0 0 0 0 16. Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Consumption o 180,000 1,000 0 160,000 900 0 140,000 800 0 O m 120,000 700 0 Q 100,000 600 M 500 jl Q 55~~ 80,000 c p5 400 Q 60,000 300 C7 0 40,000 200 0 20,000 100 0 0 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 Total Consumption -Consumption/person o Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book Q 0 Even before the recent fuel price hike, Hawaii County saw a slowing in the increase in fuel use per Q capita. O O Several programs recognize buildings designed for lower energy consumption. The LEED program covers o many different architectural, engineering and site features of new buildings. To qualify for the EPA- Q sponsored EnergySTAR program, new homes must be at least 15% more energy-efficient than standard homes built to the International Building Code. The HawaiiBuilt Green program of the Building Industry Q Association of Hawaii has been active for years but listed buildings have not been checked by a third- Q party reviewer since 2004. As a result, it is not tracked in this year's report. O O O O O O O Q C C C C. C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 17 Q Q 0 0 0 O 17. LEED Certified Buildings in Hawai°i County O O 10 - O O a O O 6 O O 4 O O 2 O O N - FEW 0 BE O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 (part) Q O LEED Certified Buildings ® Registered Buildings O Note: "Registered" buildings have been submitted for LEED certification but are not yet certified. Once a building has O been certified, it is no longer listed as "registered." Source: Green Building Council website O O 18. EnergySTAR Homes in Hawaii County O O 140 - O 120 O 100 O 80 O 60 - O 40 - O O 20 O 0 Q Earlier FY 2008 O f O EnergySTAR Homes O Source: EnergySTAR website O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 18 n C O O O Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives O Hawaii Island is dependent on imported energy for power supply and transportation. However, we also have a unique mix of renewable energy resources (biomass, solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal and Q ocean thermal). Hawaii County leads the state in the share of electric power generated from renewable Q sources. Q Hawaii County builders and architects have been interested in sustainable building practices for years. Q Several measures of energy-efficiency exist. New State and County initiatives may make all new homes meet or exceed national standards soon. Q O Public Facilities Q Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards O o Encourage the provision of public facilities that effectively service community and visitor needs Q and seek ways of improving public service through better and more functional facilities in keeping O with the environmental and aesthetic concerns of the community. [10.1.2 (a)] Indicators O Q 19. Capital Improvements Encumbrances O $45 O $40 C $35 a $30 O v. Q $25 $20 $15 - O $10 - Q $5 C $0 Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 C Fiscal Year Q O New Construction O Renovation ? Maintenance Note: Projects are listed in the year in which funds were initially authorized. If the County spends more on a project C than was originally authorized, the additional cost is counted in the original year. C Source: Several departments, coordinated by Finance and Public Works C C C C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 19 C o 0 0 0 O 20. Debt Service O o $30.0- 11.0% Q $25.0 -10.5% 0 Q $20.0 10.0% o' y N o d 3 y $15.0 9.5% s 15 Q O y 7 N o a $10.0 9.0% a u! o aG ~ o $5.0- 8.5% o $0.0 8.0% Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 Q Fiscal Years O D Debt Service -Debt Service as % of Noncapital Expenditures o Source: Department of Finance, 2007 ConsolidatedAnnual Financial Report O o Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives o Capital improvements contracts reached approximately $40 million in FY 2006, and have declined since o then. Analysis of spending shows that most capital improvements funds go to renovation and maintenance projects, not to new facilities. Consequently, this capital improvement spending should tend o to lower long-term maintenance costs. o Hawaii County's bonded debt reached $269 million at the end of FY 2007, while debt service payments o amounted to more than $16 million for payments on principal and $10 million in interest payments. The o debt service total was 9.1% of the County's annual noncapital expenses. In other words, while the Q amount of debt has increased, debt service is a smaller part of County expenses. O 0 O O O O O O O O Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 20 O 0 O O O Public Utilities O Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards Q o Ensure that efficient and dependable water, sewage and private utility services are operated to O minimize pollution, cost, and disturbance. [11.1.2 (a) and 11.1.3 (a) and (b)] Q Indicators O O 21. Public Water Consumption Q 11.0 O 10.5 Q O 10.0 c Q rn 9.5 O C O O CO 9.0 O O 8.5 O 8.0 O 2005 2006 2007 Fiscal Year O O -s-Deepwell Pump Production -Consumption Q Source: Department of Water Supply Q O Public water consumption per person has increased from 49,151 gallons per person annually to 51,486 Q gallons per person (calculated for the de facto population, including both residents and visitors). O 4 O O O O O O O Q C nC C C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 21 C` C O O O O O 22. Water Quality: County Drinking Water Systems O O O 100% - O 90% 80% - O 70% - Q 60% - O 50% - O o 40% 30% O 20% - O 10% O 0% O 2005 2006 2007 O El Meets EPA Health Standards O p. Percent of sodium readings over 60 PPM o Percent of sodium readings over 120 PPM O O Notes: The County Department of Water Supply publishes the results of regular tests of County-owned water systems. PPM= Parts Per Million. For sodium, readings over 60 PPM might have a salty taste to drinking water. Those O with sodium-restricted diets might be at risk if the sodium levels are over 120 PPM. All water sources used by Hawaii County have met Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and State drinking water Standards for 2005, 2006, O and 2007. O Source: Department of Water Supply website, water quality reports 23. Wastewater: County System O O O 12 O 10 O ~ 8- O 6- O O 4 O 2 O 0- O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Fiscal year O o Average Daily Flow © System Capacity Source: Department of Environmental Management O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 22 O O O O O Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives Q Both private and public utilities serve the people of Hawaii County. The County's water and wastewater O systems as a whole are operating well below their theoretical capacity. O While water demand per person increased by the end of FY 2007, wasterwater flows did not. (In 2007, O the average daily flow was just under 26 gallons per person [de facto population]. However, only 5.3 O percent of housing units are on County wastewater systems.) O O Transportation O O Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards O o Provide a transportation system whereby people and goods can move efficiently, safely, O comfortably and economically using a variety of modes of transportation, including mass transit, O bicycle, and pedestrian. [13.1.2 (a and b)] O o Provide a system of roadways for the safe, efficient and comfortable movement of people and goods. [13.2.2 (a)] O Indicators O O 24. Road System O 1,500 10 O 9 O w 1,490 8 O 7 M O M o M rn 1,480 6 c ` H 5 O O 1,470 4 N O d 3 O 1,460 2 1 1,450 0 O 2005 2006 2007 O f - Roadways -*--New Roadway Built O Source: Federal Highway reports, provided by State Department of Transportation O O In addition to the roads shown here, the County has taken oversight for "roads in limbo" - subdivision O roads that are not built to County standard - and will resurface some of these. O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 23 C C O O O O O 25. Average Daily Volume of Traffic at Selected Spots O O 30,000 O 25,000 20,000 O T 15,000 O o 10,000 O 5,000 O Kekuanaoa St Pauahi St at Palani Road at Queen Ka'iminani Kawaihae Road O at Hilo Airport Bayfront Harbor Kaahumanu Street Hway at Airport O Segments O Ei 2004 to 2005 ? 2006 Source: Traffic counts compiled by State Department of Transportation O O Q 26. Major Traffic Accidents and Fatalities O O 3,000 - 45 40 2,500 35 2,000 - 30 O d 25 1,500 O U 20 LL O 1,000-- 15 500 10 5 O 0, 0 O 2004 2005 2006 2007 -Crashes Persons Killed O Source: DBEDT, The State ofHawaii Data Book O O O O O O O HawaN County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 24 O 0 0 0 27. Motor Vehicle Registration and Drivers' Licenses O O 200,000 2.00 0 180,000 1.90 0 160,000 1.80 0 140,000 1.70 1 Q 1 N 120,000 1.60 Q 100,000 1.50 Q 80,000 1.40 Q 's 60,000 1.30 > Q 40,000 1.20 o 20,000 1.10 0 1.00 Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 p Registered Vehicles p Drivers' Licenses A Vehicles/licensed driver o Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book Q 28. Mass Transit Ridership o O 800,000 - - o 700,000 0 0 600,000 O 500,000 0 400,000 0 E 300,000 0 Q 200,000 Q 100,000 O 2007 2008 Q Fiscal Year Q rp Bus w Shared-ride Taxi I o Q Note: Bus passengers are individual riders. For the shared-ride taxi system, vouchers are counted. o Source: Mass Transit Agency O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 25 0 Ci 0 0 0 0 O 29. County Bus Miles Traveled, and Passengers per Mile O O 1,600,000 0.55 O O 1,400,000 0.53 O 1,200,000 d Q 1,000,000 0.51 N O 800,000 O 600,000 0.49 O N a O 400,000 0.47 O 200,000 O 0.45 O 2007 2008 O s Passengers l7 Miles Travelled p Passengers/Mile O Source: Mass Transit Agency O 30. Routes and Trails for Bicycles O O 20 O 18 O 16 - O 14 O 12 N O 10 - O 8- O - 6 O 4 O 0 T O Signed Shared Roads Bike Lanes Shared Paths O Source: 2003 State Bicycle Master Plan O O Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives Q The County has been responding to traffic and transportation problems through road projects and O development of a free mass transit system. O O HawaN County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 26 O O O O O O Land Use 0 Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards O O o Designate and allocate land uses in appropriate proportions and mix and in keeping with the 0 social, cultural, and physical environments of the County. [14.1.2 (a)] o Protect and preserve forest, water, natural and scientific reserves and open areas. [14.1.2 (c)] 0 o Protect and encourage the intensive and extensive utilization of the County's important 0 agricultural lands and preserve the agricultural character of the island. [14.1.2 (b) and 14.2.2 (b)] O o Provide commercial developments that complement the overall pattern of transportation and land 0 usage within the island's regions, communities, and neighborhoods. [14.3.2 (b)] o Ensure that resort developments maintain the cultural and historic, social, economic, and physical O environments of Hawaii and its people. [14.7.2 (c)] O Indicators 0 O 31. Zoning Changes Approved 0 - - O 35 aoo The zoning code regulates the use of land, implementing the O 30 1,200 General Plan. Rezoning can 0 occur, but applications must be 0 25 1,000 found consistent with the General O a 20 800 Plan. Since the General Plan was 0 approved in 2005, both the 0 ° 15 500 < volume and acreage of rezonings E 1o aoo has declined, in part due to the 0 Council-initiated! pa use in 0 Z 5 200 rezoning for the'Kona, North 0 o Kohala, and South Kohala 0 Community Development Plans. 0 2005 2005 2007 2008 The next two figures show the Fiscal Year location and the',approved zoning 0 (the result of the rezoning) for 0 Approwls+AcreageI zone changes inj~this period. O Source: Department of Planning 0 Zone changes have been concentrated in North Kona, South Hilo, and South Kohala. Most rezonings are 0 to mixed zoning - project district, mixed commercial-industrial, or mixed residential-commercial. Zone 0 changes from larger- to smaller-lot agricultural zoning also accounts for much of the acreage rezoned. O O O C C C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 27 C C O O O O 32. Rezonings, FY 2005 through 2008: By District and by Resulting Zoning I 7% O 5' o%, 0% 2% s% 1% i [1[ 0% O 32% 0% O 43% O 45% O 0% 1 % O I1 041%, 16 1% L O O O ~ Puna O S. Hilo ? N. Hilo O ? Hamakua ¦ N. Kohala ? S. Kohala m SF m MF ? Res-Ag ? Com O m N. Kona ? S. Kona ¦ Kau m Ind o Resort m Ag ? Mixed O Notes: Figures show the acreage in different districts or classifications. The categories used here correspond to Hawaii County zoning classifications as follows: SF: single family MF: multifamily O Res-Ag: residential agricultural or family agricultural O Com: commercial or commercial village Ind: industrial O Resort: resort-hotel Ag: agricultural O Mixed: industrial-commercial mixed, residential-commercial mixed, or project district O Source: Planning Department O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 28 O O O O Urbanization: New Parcels and New Dwellings O O When large parcels are subdivided, the new smaller ones can be sold or developed separately. Currently O (after the 2008 tax assessments), Hawaii County has 138,789 taxable parcels, an increase of 3,908 over 2004. The next figure shows new TMK creation to be concentrated in West Hawaii, with condo O development more active in South Kohala, and land subdivision more important in North Kona. O O 3. Change in Number of Tax Map Keys, 2004-2008 I O 2,500 25% O 2,000 20% O O 1,500 15% O 10% O 1,000 O 5% O 500 O 0% -5% 0 --10% O ((500)ql za O © New Condos 0 Other New TMKs --o-% Change, All TMKs O O Notes: Tax Map Keys (TMKs) are individual taxable properties. They may be divided or aggregated through O subdivision. A major source of new "parcels" is condominium development: each new unit is a separate Tax Map Key "parcel." O Source: Real Property Database, Finance Department O O O O O O O O O O O O O Hawai`f County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 29 O C O O O O O 34. Building Permits: New Residential Units O O O 4,000 - O 3,500 3,000 - ¦ O c 2,500 O 2,000 - 0 1,500 - O = O 1,000 O 500 - 17 J O 0, O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Fiscal Year O p Single Family p Multifamily, other O O Source: Department of Public Works O Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives Hawaii County has seen a building boom that declined after 2005. Much of the new construction has occurred on land long zoned for development, not as a result of recent subdivisions. Development of O housing is occurring most quickly in Puna, where little new subdivision is occurring, as well as West O Hawaii. O O Economy O Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards O O o Provide an economic environment that allows new, expanded, or improved economic oppor- tunities that are compatible with the County's cultural, natural and social environment. [2.2 (d)] o Assist in the expansion of the agricultural industry through the protection of important O agricultural lands, development of marketing plans and programs, capital improvements and continued cooperation with appropriate State and Federal agencies. [2.3 (a)] o Encourage the development of a visitor industry that is in harmony with the social, physical, and O economic goals of the residents of the County. [2.3 (c)] o Assist in the development of a film and video industry program to market Big Island sites and O coordinate film and video activities on the Big Island. [2.3 (r)] O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 30 O 0 0 0 Indicators 0 0 35. Employment and Unemployment Rate 0 0 8% 90,000 0 7% 0 cu 6% 85,000 0 m 0 5% E E ` o 0 80,000 E E 4% F1 a) 0 E 3% O m :D 2% 75,000 U 0 1% 0 0% - 70,000 0 2005 2006 2007 July 2008 0 o Unemployment Rate -Civilian Employment 0 Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations 0 Hawaii County has seen continuing job growth in this decade, even though unemployment has recently 0 been growing as well. Industries with new jobs include hospitality services and government. The next 0 two figures compare public- and private-sector changes. Employment increased much more in the public sector than in the private sector until 2007, when job growth trends converged at about12% per year. 0 Government wages have been higher, on average, than private sector wages. Wage increases in both 0 have declined recently, but the rate of growth remains higher in government. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C C C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 31 C C 0 0 0 0 0 36. Jobs by Industry 0 70,000 O 0 60,000 0 V 50,000 0 c 40,000 a 30,000 a 20,000 - 10,000 wasnow 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 Ei Natural Resources and Mining M Manufacturing ? Trade, Transportation, and Utilities ? Financial Activities ¦ Professional and Business Services Ei Educational and Health Services ® Leisure and Hospitality ? Other Services m Government 0 Note: Agricultural jobs and self-employed workforce are not included in this data set. Source: State department of Labor and Industrial Relations website 0 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 32 0 O O O O 37. Annual Change in Jobcount 0 O 6% O O 5% O 4% O O 3% O 2% O O 1% - O 0% O 2005 2006 2007 0 Change, over previousyear 0 --*-All Non-Agricultural Jobs tPrivate --Government O Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations 0 38. Wage Growth, by Sector O O $60,000 - 7% O $50,000 6% y 0 ~ T 3 $40,000 5% O c 4% m O c $30,000 a O v A $20,000 - o O 2% O G $10,000 1% U C $0 0% C 2004 2005 2006 2007 C ® Private Sector O Government C --Wage Increase, Private - Wage Increase, Government C - - C Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations C C C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 33 C C 0 0 0 0 0 39. Per Capita Personal Income 40. Income Inequality O Q 830.000. 0.6 - - 20% - 0 $29,000 0.5 15% m 0 - 828.000 '0 - 0.4 E m o 0.3 10% $27.000 5 0.2 0 0 5% t $26,000 0.1 m Q 825,000 0 0% 0 2004 2005 2006 2005 2006 Q 10 Per capita Income [M Gini Ratio O % of Families below Poverty Level1 Q Note: The Gini coefficient measures income inequality from 0 to 1. 0 = perfect equality, with every household Q earning the same amount, and 1 = extreme inequality, with only one household in the community earning anything. The increase in the Gini ratio shown here is large, and may be affected by a small survey sample size. Q Sources: The State of Hawaii Data Book; American Community Survey, US Census. o Personal income has been growing significantly - but so has income inequality, with the ratio between Q the affluent and the poor increasing, and the share of Hawaii County families living below the poverty Q level also increasing. Q County policy encourages the creation of affordable housing near job centers. In 2000, there were 1.34 o jobs per occupied housing unit, but the ratio varied from 0.1 jobs/home (in North Hilo and Ka`u) up to Q 2.3 in South Hilo. O Q 41. 2000 Location of Homes, Jobs 42. 2006 Data: New Homes and Jobs O Q 70,000 2.50 14,000 6,00 Q 60,000 2.00 12.000 - 5.00 50,000 = 4.00 o 6 10,000 - - 3.00 n 40,000 - 1.50 ? 8,000 2.00 30.000 1.00 c 6.000 1.00 0 O 0 20,000.. ? l - 41000 - (1.00) 10,000 - - - - 0.50 2,000 - - (2.00) (100) o o~a\ (4.00) Q Jca~\o ~a o~\ y-o ~oCa~aJ oJC.i (2,00014 -M-'°-Sayaa-otY oca-2o-~`~ - (5.00) o 0 5 ~~,a tJ~S~ tJ 5 Q y',,`',~ GoJ o ® Jobs (Place of Work) Ratio of Jobs/Homes ® New Jobs ~-Ratio, New lobs to New Owner-Occupied Housing o Sources: US Census 2000 US Census, County Business Patterns, and Real Property database (download from Hawaii Q Information Service, Inc.) O O O O o Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 34 O O O O More recent data -job creation through 2006 and new homes (built 2000-2007) registered as owner- O occupied - show much the same distribution as in 2000. New job creation has been strongest in South O Hilo and North Kona. Job creation has outpaced new home-building in South Kona and South Hilo., O O 43. Visitor Arrivals (Air and Cruise) 44. Average Visitor Count O O 2,500.000 30,000 20% O 2000,000 29,000 19% y O a 1,500,000 28,000 18% c O 1.000,000 2],000 ? 17% ii O 5001000 26,000 - 16% O 25.000 y 15% O 2005 2006 200] 2005 2006 2007 p Domestic (by aiQ ®Intemalional (by air) o Cruise xsilors in Average Visitor Count (air only) # AVCJRa51dent Population O Source: DBEDT, Annual Visitor Research Report Source: DBEDT, Annual Visitor Research~Report O O 45. Annual Visitor Spending O O $1,760 - - $170 O $1,740 $168 $166 O $1,720 at $164 a O $1,700 $162 § O o $1,680 $160 a $1,660 $158 a O $1,640 $156 O $154 = O $1,620 H O $152 $1,600 $150 O 2005 2006 2007 O ® Total Visitor Spending +Daily Spending O Source: DBEDT, Annual Visitor Research Report O O O I These tables draw on different data sets, so the numbers and ratios in one table are not fully comparable to O those in the other. The patterns in the two can be compared. The data will not permit "before and after" comparison O of 2000 data with more recent data until 2010 census results are compiled. O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 35 O 0 0 0 0 0 The number of visitors to Hawaii Island was stable from 2005 through 2007. In that time, the resident 0 population has grown. Hence, the ratio of visitors to residents has declined. Visitor spending increased 0 from 2005 to 2007. 0 With the reduction in cruise ship visits by NCL America and the more recent downturn in the global 0 economy, visitor arrivals and spending will likely be much lower in 2008. 0 0 46. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism 0 0 90% - 0 80% - 0 70% - 0 60% - 0 50% 40% - 30% - 20% - 10% 0 0% 0 2005 2006 2007 -East: Benefit to Island -West: Benefit to Island ~E East: Benefit to Self and Family -.West: Benefit to Self and Family Note: Lines measure (a) agreement with "Overall, tourism has brought more benefits than problems to this island;" and (b) response "mostly good" to "What about you personally? Overall, has tourism been mostly good or mostly bad for you and your family?" Source: Surveys conducted for Hawaii Tourism Authority O Surveys consistently show that a majority of Hawaii Island residents think that tourism benefits the island's people. Those who feel their own families benefit comprise a smaller share of the population. Although tourism is concentrated in West Hawaii, responses from the two sides of the island do not 0 differ greatly. 0 O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 36 n O O O O O 47. Agricultural Operations O O O 3,000 O 2,500 O 2,000 O O 1,500 O 1,000 O 500 O 0- O 2004 2005 2006 O I~Farm Acreage -Paid Workforce] Q Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book O O 48. Agriculture Sales Value O O 250 O O 200 - O 150 O l O 100 - - Q > Q 50 - - O 0 O 2004 2005 2006 O - LLL Crops Es Livestock) - O Note: a See Tables for details on sales values of major crops. O Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book Q O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 37 Q Ci O O O O O 49. Organic Agriculture O O 120 2,500 O ~ Q 100 2,000 O O 80 1,500 y U 3 60 d O a 1,000 a O 40 O 20 • 500 O O - - O 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Certified Producers • Certified Farm Acreage O Note: Data are from one certifying agency; some farmers may be certified by other agencies. Source: Hawaii Organic Farmers Association O O 50. Film Production Revenues in Hawaii County O O $20 Q $18 O $16 - - - O $14------ O w $12 O o $10 O $8 - $6 O $4 O $2 O $0 . O 2005 2006 2007 2008 O O Film Revenues O Source: Department of Research and Development O O O _ O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 38 O O O O O O Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives O awai`i Island's economy rests on a mixture of tourism, agriculture, astronomy and other industries. The O County works to support economic diversification throughout the island. In 2008, unemployment has Teen increasing - but it still remains below the level seen when sugar plantations were closing. O Agriculture supports more than 2,500 jobs in Hawaii County as well as work for many self-employed farmers. The value of agricultural products from the County has been stable recently. Organic O agriculture is growing as part of the island's diversified agricultural base. O Film revenues in Hawaii County spiked in FY 2008. However, these revenues depend on short-term O projects, so this increase may not lead to a continuing trend. O Limited information is available about the number of businesses and the volume of business in the O County. The Census indicates that 4,297 business establishments were active in Hawaii County in 2006, O an increase of 4.4% over 2005. O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 39 O O O O O O O DEVELOP AND PROTECT THE COMMUNITY O Q General Plan Sections: Flooding and Natural Hazards, Housing, Public Safety, Recreation O Q The construction of housing is an essential contributor to business, industry and employment. Q The placement or settlement patterns of... residential lands and the form of housing are major Q influences on the environment and aesthetic setting of the island. Q Adequate housing is one of the primary factors that provide a person a sense of satisfaction and well Q being. For most families it is a major expenditure of the household income and represents, in varying Q degrees, long term commitments to a place and/or community. In turn, these commitments contribute to a community's sense of well being and stability. Q General Plan, page 9-1 Recreation provides an avenue for the fulfillment of social, cultural, physical and educational needs of Q people through leisure experiences. Ideally, all residents should have convenient access to the most popular recreation facilities, such as Q playgrounds, gymnasiums, swimming pools, and multi purpose community centers. O General Plan, page 12-1 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 40 O Q Q Q Q Flooding and Natural Hazards Q Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards O o Protect human life and man-made improvements from flooding, earthquakes, volcanic activity, Q and fire. [5.2] Q Indicators Q Q 51. Civil Defense: Emergency Events Q 120 - - - - Q Q 100 Q 80 an, 60 40 . Q 20 ¦ Q ~ Q - Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q nElBrushfiire m Earthquake ? Flooding ? Hazardous Material Surf ? High Wind m Tropical Cyclones Q Note: Volcanic activity and drought are both "ongoing" in Hawaii County and not counted as separate events. Q Source: Civil Defense Agency Q Community Preparedness: As of mid-2008, 10 communities have response teams ready to support Q County staff in dealing with emergencies. Some 222 graduates have completed the Citizen Emergency Q Response Training (CERT) program, and 131 of them have formed the teams. Q Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives O Hawaii County deals with significant emergencies and continuing threats (drought, volcanic eruption) Q every year. The County's response includes not only the work accomplished by the Civil Defense Agency, supported by the rest of the administration, but also volunteer efforts throughout the island. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 41 Q Q 0 0 0 0 Q Housing O O Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards Q o Create viable communities with affordable housing and suitable living environments [9.2.(d)] O o Make affordable housing available and in reasonable proximity to employment centers [9.2 (h)] Q Indicators O Q 52. Housing Units and Occupied Units Q 90,000 Q 90,000 Q 70,000 Q 60,000 - Q 50,000 40,000 Q 30,000 Q 20,000 Q 10,000 O ° 2005 2006 2007 O o Occupied Units o Housing Units Q Source: US Census, American Community Survey Q 53. New Housing Built and Authorized O Q 4,000 O 3,500 Q 3,000 O 2,500 Q 2,000 Q 1,500 Q 1,000 Q 500 - O _ O 2004 2005 2006 2007 Q o New Units Built m Net New Authorizations Q Source: Real Property Tax records; DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book O Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 42 n O O O New units built annually amounted to 2.3% of total units in 2007, down from 3.4% in 2005. Annual 0 population growth in that period averaged 2.6%. (Total housing unit counts used here are from the US 0 Census American Community Survey.) 0 54. Housing Sales on Multiple Listing Service 0 - - - - 0 4,500 0 4,000 0 3,500 0 3,000 0 0 o 2,500 in 2,000 0 O 1,500 O 1,000 0 500 71. 1 0 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 t in Single Family m Condominium I 0 Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book 0 O 55. Annual Median Prices on Multiple Listing Service 0 - - - 0 $500,000 0 $450,000 0 $400,ODO 0 $350,000 0 $300,000 0 a $250,000 0 $200,000 0 $150,000 0 $100,000 0 $50, 000 0 $0 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 Imo-Single Family -Condominium 0 Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book 0 0 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 43 0 0 Q Q Q Q 56. Volume and Share of Units Sold at Affordable Prices Q Q 5,000 25% Q 4,000 20% a~ Q y 3,000 15% m Q H 2,000 10% _ 'N N 7 Q 1,000 5% t Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Fiscal Year Q O Housing Sales O Number Affordable under 80% of median Q Q Number Affordable, 80% to 120 of median -.-Share Affordable under 80% of median Q -Share Affordable, 80% to 120 of median Q Q Source: Calculated, real property data downloaded from Hawaii Information Service, Inc. Q Q 57. Use of Housing Units: Owner-occupant Units Q Q 34,000 Q Q 33,000 - Q 32,000 - Q Q 31,000 - Q Q 30,000 Q 29,000 Q Q 28,000 , Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q -.-Homeowner Units Q Note: Based on the Census counts of housing units, these owner-occupied units account for about 50% of all Q occupied units, and 41% of the total housing stock. Q Source: State real property class reports published by City and County of Honolulu Department of Budget and Finance. Q Q Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 44 n 0 0 0 0 58. Affordable vs. Average Housing Prices 0 $450,000 - - - - - 0 $400,000 $350,000 $300,000 $250,000 $200,000 0 $150,000 O $100,000 - O $50,000 $0 0 2005 2006 2007 O s Price Affordable at Median Income -A\,erage Price of Housing Sold on MLS Sources: OHCD and The State of Hawaii Data Book 0 59. Portion of Income Spent on Housing 0 100% 0 90% 80% O 70% 60% 0 50% 40% 30% 0 20% - O 10% O 0% O 2005 2006 2007 Share of Mortgaged Units, Household Pays 30%0 or More of Income for Housing 0 i t7 Share of Rented Units, Household Pays 30% or More of Income for Rent C I- - ^ Note: Mortgage lenders have in the past expected homebuyers to pay up to about 30% of income on housing. The li households counted here are hence devoting a large share of their income to cover housing costs. C Source: Bureau of the Census, American Community Survey C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 45 C O O O O O O 60. Homeless Population O O 1,200 - O O = 1,000 - O ° O M 800 - 0 600 - O O d 400 - O o = 200 - O O - O 2005 2007 o Unsheltered p Sheltered O O Source: Point-in-time counts conducted for Office of Housing and Community Development O Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives O In recent years, both housing prices and the housing supply have grown quickly. Most new units are not O affordable to most families. The number of homeowners has grown steadily, but many families pay a large share of their income for housing. The homeless population declined between 2005 and 2007, but O the number of unsheltered homeless increased, while the shelter spaces declined. Housing demand is not easily measured. The supply of resources for low-income families (State-run O public housing and Section 8 vouchers) is fixed. The SMS survey of demand (in the Hawaii Housing Policy O Study) suggests that the number of families in Hawaii County intending to move grew from 21,252 in O 2003 to 25,769 in 2006 - but the share of all households intending to move decreased slightly. The County major role in stimulating affordable housing has been to require that 20% of units in newly rezoned projects be affordable. The County has also worked to build the Kamakoa workforce housing O project in Waikoloa, which will welcome its first occupants in 2009. O O O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 46 O 0 0 0 0 Public Safety Q Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards Q O o Meet accepted public safety level of service standards, notably: Q • Number of police officers per 1,000 resident population • Fire stations within five miles of concentrated settlement areas' 0 • First response emergency medical service within eight minutes of concentrated settlement Q areas. [10.3.3] o Stations in outlying districts shall be based on the population to be served and response time. 0 [10.3.2 (e)] Q o Encourage the further development and expansion of community policing. [10.3.2 (g)] 0 Indicators 0 61. Police Personnel Q 0 - 450 - - - 2.75 O 2.70 440 Q 2.65 430 2.60 0 _ 2.55 0 o 420 2.50 `m 2.45 a 410 0 - - 2.40 0 400 2.35 0 2.30 390 - 2.25 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Fiscal Year 0 0 ® Sworn Personnel tOfficers/1,000 Residents 0 Source: Police Department 0 O O 0 C C ~i ~i 2 There is no generally accepted definition of "concentrated settlement areas," and fire stations are located C both to provide service quickly to densely settled areas and to offer coverage throughout the island. C C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 47 C 0 0 0 0 0 Q 62. New Police Hires O O 40 - O 35 - O Q 30 - O 25 - O 20 O Q 15 Q 10 O 5 O _ Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 O O Q Source: Police Department Q 63. Crime Statistics: Part I, Part II Crimes/1,000 Population O Q 20,000 - 120.00 O - 100.00 Q 15,000 Q ~ - 80.00 Q 10,000 60.00 40.00 O 5,000 - - Q 20.00 O - - Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 Fiscal Year O Q ® Part 1 crimes D Part 2 crimes Q --Part 1 (per 1,000 residents) -Part 2 (per 1,000 residents) Q Note: Part I crimes include violent crimes; Part 2 crimes include robbery, theft, drug crimes. Q Source: Uniform Crime Report data, from State Department of the Attorney General O O O Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 48 n 0 0 0 0 64. Criminal Investigations: Number and Clearance Rate Q 9,000 80% 1 Q 8,000 70% o 7,000 60% o N y 6,000 0 50% o 5,000 m 4,000 40% o i 3,000 30% d o S 2,000 - ' 20% U o 1,000 10% - 0% o 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 Imestigations o Robbery (rate) Burglary (rate) -)Theft/Auto Theft (rate) o - 1 0 Source: Police Department O 65. Community Policing O 100 0 90 0 80 0 70 60 0 50 0 40 0 30 Q 20 0 10 0 [IN] FE FE IM! 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Fiscal Year o B Positions 17 Active Neighborhood Watch Groups o Note: Neighborhood Watch groups existed in earlier years but were not counted annually. o Source: Police Department Q Q Q Q Kawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 49 Q O O O O O O 66. Firefighters O O 3.0 O 490 O 470 2.9 o 0 450 2.8 N c 430 y °w bd L O 410 2.7 rn o. iz y O 390 2.6 ii 370 350 , -iAI 2.5 O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Fiscal Year O Fire Fighters -Officers/1,000 Residents O O Source: Fire Department O 67. New Firefighters O O O 50 - O 45 - O 40 - O 35 - O 30 O 25 O 20 O 15 - O 10 - O 5 O 0 O 2005 2006 2007 O Fiscal Year O Source: Fire Department O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 50 O I O O O 68. Volunteer Firefighters: Companies and Volunteer Personnel O O 30 350 O 25 300 O y 20 250 O .E a) i O 200 a 0 15 c Q 150 2 O LO 10 0 100 O 5 50 O 0 0 Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Fiscal Year Q © Volunteer Companies -Volunteers O Source: Fire Department O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Q O Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 51 C 0 0 0 0 O 69. Fire Department Response Volume O O 18,000 - O 17,000 O 16,000 - 15,000 O 14,000 O 13,000 - 12,000 O 11,000 O 10,000 9,000 - O 8,000 - O E 7,000 O 6,000 5,000 O 4,000 O 3,000 2,000 - O 1,000 - O 0 2005 2006 2007 O Fiscal Year O O Fire m EMS/Rescue ? Hazardous Materials ? Others O Source: Fire Department O O 70. Fire Department Average Response Time O O 20 O 15 C 10 O ~ O 5 O O ° O 2005 2006 2007 2008 Fiscal Year O O -Fire (Emergency Medical --Other O Source: Fire Department O O O Hawaii County Genera[ Plan Annual Report, 2008 52 O 0 0 0 71. Fire Inspections (Volume of Fire Prevention Activity) 2,500 2,000 1,500 .x 1,000 - ` 500 '!es.. ra, ' O 2005 2006 2007 2008 o Fiscal Year o ® Building Occupancy m Fire Protection Equipment o - O Source: Fire Department o 72. Beach Safety Activity o 450 400 0 350 300 0 250 0 200 0 150 100 50 ~ 2004 2005 2006 2007 Fiscal Year LE) L Water Safety Officers (FTE) El Persons Rescued p Major First Aid Given 1- O Source: Department of Parks and Recreation o Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives Both the Police and Fire Departments depend on trained personnel with support from community 0 volunteers. The Police Department has been consistently adding to the ranks of officers. Crime rates are declining. The Fire Department has succeeded in lowering average response time to fire calls. One consequence of the recent building boom is that new building inspections accounted for most of the fire o prevention inspections conducted in fiscal years 2007 and 2008. The Fire Department is working to build and open the new Makalei Station in Kona soon. o 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 53 0 0 0 0 0 O Recreation O Q Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards Q o Provide facilities and a broad recreational program for all age groups, with special considerations Q for the handicapped, the elderly, and young children. [12.3 (h)] Q Indicators Q 73. County Recreation Facilities O O 60 - Q 50 Q 40 Q 30 Q 20 - O 10 - O _ Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Fiscal Year O m Parks & Playgrounds ? Beach Parks ? Gyms & Rec Centers ¦ Pools p Tennis Facilities O Source: Department of Parks and Recreation O Q 74. County Recreation Usage Indicators Q 2,000,000 Q 1,800,000 - 1,600,000 - O 1,400,000 Q 1,200,000 - Q 1,000,000 800,000 Q 600,000 - Q 400,000 - Q 200,000 - Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Fiscal Year Q O Pool Attendance o Hoblulu Park Complex ? Beach Attendance Q Source: Department of Parks and Recreation O O Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 54 O 0 0 0 Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives o Both recreation resources and usage have been steady in recent years. Pool attendance numbers dipped 0 in 2008 because of pool closures for ADA improvements and construction. The County Parks & Recreation Department is planning new district parks in Waimea and Pahoa, and smaller parks in Hawaiian Paradise o Park and Kailua-Kona. o Other Community Initiatives OO Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards o o Create viable communities with affordable housing and suitable living environments [9.2.(d)] O o Establish a system of services in Hawaii County to enable older persons to reach and maintain the highest level of dignity, independence and personal well-being [Office of Aging Mission Statement] O Indicators o 75. County Spending on Selected Community Initiatives o o $3,000,000 - $250,000 0 O $2,500,000 $200,000 ? o o $2,000,000 , o w $150,000 .E $1,500,000 t $100,000 0 0 L14) i $1,000,000 U m o $500,000 $50,000 ~ o $o $0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Fiscal Year o ~ Community Development Block Grant O Workforce Investment Act Program o -Healing Our Island Grants o Notes: CDBG funds are disbursed by the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development to address housing and some other social needs. Similarly, WIA funds come from the federal government, and are distributed o throughout the country. The Healing Our Island grants address a range of community needs, and are made in o response to applications from community groups. The funding for these grants was created by the State Legislature. Sources: OHCD, Department of Research and Development o O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 55 O O 0 o , 0 0 0 76. Elderly Population O O 25,000 O 20,000 15,000 O N a- 10,000 - O 5,000 O O 0 0 2005 2006 2007 O O 65 to 74 Years ? 75 to 84 Years p 85 Years or More O Source: US Census, American Community Survey 0 77. Elderly Living with Limitations O 12,000 -100% o - 90% 0 10,000 80% Y_ 0 8,000 70% 60% 6,000 50% a 4,000 ® ® ® 30% 3 O 2,000 20% 10% 0 0 0% 0 2005 2006 2007 O m 65 to 74 Years t7 75 to 84 Years [m 85 Years or More o ? Share with a Disability Source: Office of Aging O O O o AawaN County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 56 O 0 o 0 78. Persons Served through Kupuna Care and Case Management o O 900 0 800 - - - - - 700 - - - o ~p 600 - - - o 500 - - - - o G 400 - o 300 - 200 - - - - /Q1 100 - 0 Q 2005 2008 0 Fiscal Year o p Kupuna Care Clients O Case Management Clients Q Note: The Office of Aging has programs for a wide range of clients. The programs tracked here serve clients facing o challenges to independent living. o Source: Office of Aging O 79. Senior Volunteers in Office of Aging Programs o 2.000 - - - - " - o 1.900 - - o li 1,800 o O 1 . 700 O 1,600 - o 1 , Soo 0 2007 2008 Fiscal Year Q m Senior Volunteers Q Source: Office of Aging Q O Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives Q Senior citizens make up an increasing share of the County population (from 12.9% in 2005 to 13.6% in o 2007). The elderly population with disabilities affecting them in everyday living has also grown. The Q County responds through a range of programs, providing case management, meals, and' , other services. o The number served in programs is growing, but is only a small share of the total population with one or more disabilities. Q Seniors contribute as well as receive services, and the Office of Aging attempts to work creatively with a o complex population, not just provide services. o O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 57 O 0 0 0 TABLES O O 1. Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 Annual acquisition for program 235.8 0 Cumulative 0 0 235.8 O Period: FY 0 Units: Acres 0 Notes: Only lands acquired by county in this program are counted. O Source: Finance Department O O Z Islandwide Water Demand 3. Water Demand, Hawaii Island Aquifers O Zoning Demand GP Demand 0 Current Use without Ag with Ag without Ag with Ag Sustainable O without A irri ation irri ation irri ation irri ation Yield Aquifer Sector Areas O Kohala 6 9 174 40 208 154 East Mauna Kea 3 8 378 25 405 388 0 West Mauna Kea 12 14 151 52 187 24 Northeast Mauna Loa 18 26 107 119 203 740 0 Southeast Mauna Loa 8 4 148 14 159 291 O Southwest Mauna Loa 4 1 123 18 143 130 Northwest Mauna Loa 8 11 18 82 89 30 O Kilauea 3 5 95 36 127 618 Hualalai 20 43 115 207 282 56 0 O Total 82 121 1,309 593 1,803 2,431 0 Notes: Figures 2 and 3 present islandwide and aquifer-level data from the same source. All figures are millions of gallons of water per day (MGD). 0 All figures are as reported in the Department's Water Use Plan. Current water use is as determined in 2007. General Plan use is projected for full development of 0 areas identified in the General Plan land use maps. Irrigation for agriculture is singled out because data on current and reasonably likely use are not yet available. Source: Department of Water Supply O 4. Ocean Water Quality Enterococcus Levels 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Onekahakaha 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0 Hilo (Canoe Beach) 4.9% 7.9% 5.0% 2.7% O Kahalub Beach Park 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% 0.0% Anaeho'omalu Bay 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0 Kamakaohahonu B 5.3% 2.7% 0.0% 4.0% Period: FY Units: CFU = Colony Forming Units. 104 CFU per 100 ml. indicates high bacterial counts. 0 Notes: Share of samples drawn in the course of a year Source: State Department of Health O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 58 O O O O O O 5. Air Quality: Annual Sulfur Dioxide Counts O O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Puna Mean n/a 3 5 5 O Maximum n/a 502 65 188 O Days > Standard n/a 0 0 0 Hi to O Mean 7 11 9 10 Maximum 427 733 451 549 O Days > Standard 0 0 0 0 O Kona Mean 8 13 11 10 O Maximum 55 83 119 89 O Days > Standard 0 0 0 0 O Period: FY O Units: Micrograms per cubic meters O Notes: Standard = to not exceed 1300ug/m3 in a 3-hour reading Source: State Department of Health O O 6. Solid Waste: Tonnage to Landfill; Diversion from Landfill O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Tons collected 239,182 281,688 300,759 290,950 296,527 O Tons to landfill 201,806 225,267 223,026 221,854 210,030 Tons diverted 37,375 56,422 77,734 69,096 86,497 O Share diverted 15.6% 20.0% 25.8% 23.7% 29.2% O De Facto Population 172,561 177,384 185,145 189,891 192,282 Tons Diverted per Capita 0.22 0.32 0.42 0.36 0.45 Q Period: FY O Units: Tons Q Notes: Only residential waste is diverted; commercial haulers bring other waste directly to O landfill. Source: Department of Environmental Management O O O O O O O O O O O O [fawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 59 O Ci 0 0 0 0 7 Tonnage Recycled (by Selected Commodities) O 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 o Greenwaste 17,669 34,217 48,290 37,894 45,553 o Metal 13,715 11,767 17,367 15,634 24,308 Tires - 168 193 353 349 Q Paper 3,849 6,230 5,904 6,758 6,513 o Plastics 22 196 548 1,008 1,002 Grease 247 247 246 322 246 Glass 1,573 2,841 3,956 5,956 6,280 Mixed 370 827 654 1,822 o Recycling Centers 196 170 142 134 176 o Household Hazardous Waste 53 86 117 141 97 Used Motor Oil Program 49 50 51 69 70 o Electronic-Waste 78 87 165 77 o Latex Paint 4 8 3 Total 37,375 56,422 77,734 69,096 86,497 O o Period: FY Units: Tons o Source: Department of Environmental Management O 0 8. Water Quality Measurements Downgradient from Hilo Landfill O 2005 2006 2007 2008 o Average of 3 Average of Average of 8 Average of o wills 3wells wells 8wells Volatile Organic Compounds 0.1 45.9 1.4 0.4 Q Total Dissolved Solids 371.3 291.3 383.6 310.0 o Alkalinity 44.8 72.7 57.5 43.1 o Period: CY O Units: Micrograms per liter Source: Department of Environmental Management O 0 9. HI-5 Beverage Container Collection Rate O 0 2006 2007 2008 Q Tons Recycled 5,361 6,665 7,431 o Participation Rate 72.9% 80.4% 89.8% Q Period: FY o Units: Tons Notes: Participation rate based on survey of consumers, not count of items. o Source: State Department of Health O O O O O o Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 60 O i O O O O O 10. Effluent Reuse O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Effluent Reused 7,018,900 1,638,400 7,852,100 7,771,900 6,126,400 O O Period: FY O Units: 1,000 gallons Source: Department of Environmental Management Q O O 11. Hawaii Island's Greenhouse Gas Emissions O 1990 2007 Q Energy 1.43 2.07 O Industrial Processes 0.01 0.08 O Waste 0.07 0.14 Ag/Forest(sources) 0.52 0.48 O Ag/Forest (sinks) -1.55 -1.73 O Reported total 2.02 2.78 O Period: Two baseline years O Units: Millions of tons of C02 equivalent O Notes: Energy combines energy generation, transportation. Ag/forest = agriculture, forestry, O land use. Reported total does not include sinks. O Source: ICF International Draft Report to State Greenhouse Gas Task Force, 2068 O 12. Alien Species Control: Coqui Control Efforts O O 2006 2007 2008 O Acres Treated 981 2,250 O Acres Infested (estimated) 7,000 24,000 O Period: FY for treatment Q Units: Acres of land O Notes: Data on treatment available at district level Sources: Big Island Invasive Species Committee; Hawaii Invasive Species Council Q O O O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 61 O O O O O O 13. Electric Power Consumption and Capacity O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Power Sold (MWh) 1,082,807 1,116,487 1,148,761 1,162,684 O Resident Population 161,798 166,461 171,191 173,057 Average Power/Resident O (kWh) 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 O System Peak (MW) 198.8 201.0 206.5 207.6 O Period: CY O Units: Megawatts (MW); Megawatt hours (MWH); Kilowatt hours (kWh) Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book O 14. Share of Electric Power Produced from Renewable Resources O O 2004 2005 2006 2007 Electric Power Sales 1,083 1,116 1,149 1,163 O From Renewable Sources O Biomass Hydroelectric 37 40 56 42 O Geothermal 211 221 212 230 O Wind 6 7 25 116 Subtotal 254 268 293 389 O Share of Sales 23% 24% 26% 33% Period: CY Units: Million Kilowatt-hours O Notes: This table only includes power sold by HELCO and major producers. Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book O 15. Sources of Renewable Electric Power O O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Biomass Geothermal 211 221 212 230 O Hydroelectric 37 40 56 42 O Photovoltaic 2 2 2 4 Solar Water Heating 9 10 11 13 O Wind 6 7 25 116 O Total Renewables 265 280 306 406 O Period: CY Units: 1,000 Megawatt hours (MWh) O Notes: Photovoltaic and solar water heating are not in previous table. Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 62 O 0 0 0 0 16. Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Consumption o 2004 2005 2006 2007 Gasoline 76,200 74,148 80,714 82,118 Diesel oil 39,526 20,784 25,123 28,744 O Aviation fuel 24,223 27,612 29,791 32,722 Otherfuel 33 46 29 10,291 t~ Total 139,982 122,590 135,657 153,875 O De Facto 177,384 185,145 189,891 192,292 Consumption per Person o Gallons/Person 789 662 714 800 0 Period: CY Units: 1,000 gallons; gallons per person (de facto population) o Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book O 17. LEED Certified Buildings in Hawaii County O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 LEED Certified Buildings 1 1 0 Registered Buildings 1 6 3 O Period: CY Units: Building O Notes: "Registered" buildings have been submitted for certification, but have not yet gained it. Source: Green Building Council O 18. EnergySTAR Homes in Hawaii County r~ Earlier 2008 0 Total 124 100 O O Period: FY (posted quarterly) Units: Buildings Notes: Buildings are listed by developer. o Source: EnergyStar.gov O O O O O O O O O O llawai`i County General Plait Annual Report, 2008 63 O 0 0 0 O 19. Capital Improvements Encumbrances O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 O New Construction $5.0 $2.0 $13.0 $13.0 $17.0 O Renovation $13.0 $26.0 $24.0 $17.0 $17.0 Maintenance $0.0 $0.0 $3.0 $5.0 $3.0 O O Period: FY Units: Millions of Dollars O Note: Projects are listed in the year in which funds were initially authorized. If the County O spends more on a project than was originally authorized, the additional cost is counted in the original year. O Source: Department of Public Works; Department of Finance O O 20. Debt Service O O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Long-term Debt $157.9 $182.2 $196.7 $269.3 Q Debt Service: Interest $9.6 $8.7 $10.2 $10.3 O Debt Service: Principal $12.8 $13.2 $14.1 $16.1 Total $22.4 $21.9 $24.3 $26.4 O O Debt Service as % of Noncapital Expenditures 10.7% 10.0% 9.4% 9.1% Q Period: FY O Units: Millions of Dollars Source: Department of Finance: 2007 Consolidated Annual Financial Report O O 21. Public Water Consumption O O 2005 2006 2007 Q Deep Well Pump Production 10.66 10.86 10.83 O Consumption 9.10 9.60 9.90 Accounts 38,844 39,585 40,681 O Period: FY O Units: Billion gallons Q Source: Annual Report O O O O O O O O O Hawai'i County General Plait Annual Report, 2008 64 O O O O 22. Water Quality: County Drinking Water Systems O 2005 2006 2007 Haina 0.43 O Hakalau 9.2 6.6 6.5 O Halaula 21.8 Hilo 7.6 7.4 7.72 O Honomu 73 63 31 O Kalapana 86 Kukuihaele 12 13 13 O Lalamilo 59.5 Laupahoehoe 38 40 45 O N Kohala 21.8 O N Kona 83.75 Ninole 62 42 46 O Niulii 47 20.5 35 O Olaa- Mtn View 6.1 Ookal a 8.1 Q Paauilo 9.3 O Pahala 4.63 4.9 4 Pahoa 18 9.5 O Papaikou 48.9 27.4 44.05 Pepeekeo 8.7 O S Kohala 9 9.3 9.1 O S Kona 14.5 Waiohinu-Naalehu 9.9 6.9 6.5 O Total Systems Sampled 23 11 12 Number > 60 4 1 0 O Number > 120 0 0 0 O Share Safe to Dri nk 100% 100% 100% Q Share > 60 17% 9% 0% O Share > 120 0% 0% 0% O Period: CY O Units: Parts per million (PPM) of sodium in water. Notes: Some areas had more than one well. The average salt PPM of the wells was used to Q report the general area's salt level. See notes to Figure 22 for explanation of sodium O levels. Source: Department of Water Supply website, water quality reports Q O O O O O O O O O O Hawai'i County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 65 C Q Q Q Q 23. Wastewater: County System Q Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Average Daily Flow (ADF) Hilo 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.2 Q Papaikou 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Q Kulaimano 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Kapehu 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Q Kealakehe 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 Q County System Totals 4.7 4.9 5.2 5.0 5.3 Q (ADF) per person (de facto) 26.2 26.3 27.2 26.0 n/a Q System Capacity Q Hilo 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 O Papaikou 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Kulaimano 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 O Kapehu 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O Kealakehe 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 O Total Capacity 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 Period: FY Q Units: Millions of gallons /day O Source: Department of Environmental Management Q Q 24. Road System Q 2005 2006 2007 Q Arterials 349.6 349.7 349.7 Q Collectors 237.5 241.6 241.5 Local Roads 792.1 793.8 796.0 Q Federal Lands Highways 87.1 87.1 87.1 O Total 1,466.3 1,472.2 1,474.2 Q New Miles Built 1.1 2.1 6.5 Q Period: FY Q Units: Miles Q Source: State Department of Transportation, Highways Division report prepared for Federal Highway Administration. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 66 Q O O O 25. Average Dally Volume of Traffic at Selected Spots 0 O 2004 2005 2006 O Kekuanaoa St at Hilo Airport 12,834 12,992 12,990 O Pauahi St at Bayfront 10,913 11,739 12,679 Palani Road at Harbor 14,117 10,871 13,385 O Queen Ka'ahumanu Hwy at O Airport 21,200 23,951 Ka'iminani Street 6,557 5,743 O Kawaihae Road 8,836 8,443 O Period: Annual counts O Units: Vehicles per day O Notes: Selection of sites based on ones for which both older intersection data and newer segment data were comparable. O Source: State Department of Transportation O O 26. Major Traffic Accidents and Fatalities O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Crashes 2,517 1,800 1,586 O Persons Killed 41 39 34 38 O Period: CY O Units: Persons O Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book O O 27. Motor Vehicle Registration and Drlvers'Llcenses O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Registered Vehicles 159,627 169,396 173,786 176,386 O Drivers' Licenses 116,486 119,741 122,087 125,063 O Vehicles/licensed Driver 1.37 1.41 1.42 1.41 O Period: CY Units: Vehicles O Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book O O O O O O O O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 67 O 0 0 0 0 0 28. Mass Transit Ridership 0 2007 2008 0 Riders 0 Bus 644,474 719,805 Shared-nde Taxi 83,204 98,556 0 0 Period: FY Units: Persons for bus; vouchers for taxi 0 Source: County Annual Report 0 0 29. County Bus Miles Traveled, and Passengers per Mile 0 0 2007 2008 0 Passengers 644,474 719,805 Miles Travelled 1,279,421 1,403,290 0 Passengers/Mile 0.50 0.51 0 Period: FY 0 Units: Persons, miles 0 Source: Mass Transit Agency 0 0 30. Routes and Trails for Bicycles . 0 2003 0 Signed Shared Roads 18.3 0 Bike Lanes 2.8 0 Shared Paths 6.3 0 Period: Baseline year (report) 0 Units: Miles Source: State Bicycle Master Plan 0 31. Zoning Changes Approved 0 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Zone Changes 31 27 22 15 0 Acres Changed 867.28 1,223.68 1,107.04 447.47 0 Period: FY 0 Units: Zoning actions, acres Source: Department of Planning 0 0 O O O 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 68 n 0 0 0 0 32. Rezonings, FY 2005 through 2008: By District and by Resulting Zoning 0 2005-2008 Percent Puna 5.1 0% S. Hilo 1,170.2 32% 0 N. Hilo - 0% Hamakua 34.5 1% N. Kohala 47.7 1% S. Kohala 567.4 16% 0 N. Kona 1,648.5 45% S. Kona - 0% Q Kau 172.1 5% 0 Total 3,645.5 100% SF 87.4 2% MF 172.4 5% 0 Res-Ag 249.4 7% 0 Corn 35.9 1% Ind 17.2 0% 0 Resort 1.2 0% Agriculture 1,529.2 42% Mixed 1,552.8 43% Total 3,645.5 100% 0 Period: FY Units: Acres Notes: See figure for notes on grouping of zoning categories Source: Planning Department 0 33. Change in Number of Tax Map Keys, 2004 2008 2004 2008 %Change Condos, Other New Puna 56,544 56,571 0.0% 27 S. Hilo 19,981 20,499 2.6% 67 451 0 N. Hilo 1,454 1,411 -3.0% (43) Hamakua 3,850 3,586 -6.9% - (264) N. Kohala 3,241 3,336 2.9% 95 S. Kohala 9,009 10,909 21.1% 1,039 861 N.Kona 17,975 19,916 10.8% 589 1,352 S. Kona 6,100 5,845 -4.2% (1) (254) Kau 16,727 16,716 -0.1% - (11) 0 County 134,881 138,789 2.9% 1,694 2,214 Period: FY Units: TMK listings Notes: TMKS are "parcels" and/or condominium units. 0 Source: Real Property Database, Finance Department 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 69 0 0 0 0 34. Building Permits.- New Residential Units 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 Single Family (SF) 2181 2694 2444 1853 0 Muilti Family(MF) 926 793 270 315 0 Other shelters 8 0 0 0 Total 3115 3487 2714 2168 0 Period: FY O Units: Housing units (not including hotels/motels) Source: Public Works Department, circulated to Planning Department. 0 0 35. Employment and Unemployment Rates 0 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Unemployment Rate 3.3% 2.9% 3.3% 5.8% O Civilian Employment 79,150 82,550 83,400 86,350 Period: CY O Units: Persons Note: Unemployment rate is calculated as a share of the civilian labor force, i.e., all those persons with work or looking for work. O Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations website 0 0 36. Jobs by Industry 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 Natural Resources and Mining 4,450 4,850 5,500 5,750 O Manufacturing 1,450 1,500 1,600 1,700 Trade, Transportation, and Utilities 12,950 13,450 14,100 14,300 0 FinancialAcdvities 2,500 2,600 2,800 2,850 O Professional and Business Services 4,500 4,800 5,000 4,900 Educational and Health Services 6,550 6,800 7,050 7,300 0 Leisure and Hospitality 13,400 13,950 14,450 14,700 O Other Services 1,850 2,000 2,050 2,150 G over nmen t 11,450 11,600 11,950 12,200 Total 59,100 61,550 64,500 65,850 Period: CY Units: Persons Notes: Agricultural workforce and self-employed not included Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations website 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 70 0 0 0 0 0 37. Annual Change in Jobcount o 2005 2006 2007 0 O Non-Agricultural 4.19% 4.74% 2.15% o Private 4.98% 5.14% 2.26% Government 1.31% 3.02% 2.09% o Period: CY o Units: Percent Q Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations website o O 38. Wage Growth, by Sector o 2004 2005 2006 2007 Q Average Annual Wage o Private $28,950 $30,280 $31,488 $32,536 Q Government $40,878 $43,406 $45,760 $48,020 0 Period: CY o Units: Dollars o Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations website O 39. Per Capita Personal Income o O 2004 2005 2006 Q Hawaii County Per Capita $25,352 $26,591 $28,036 Q Period: CY o Units: Current dollars Q Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book Q 40. Income Inequality Q O 2005 2006 Q Medan household income $48,524 $55,390 0 as %of US median 104.9% 114.3% Q Gini Ratio 0.39 0.49 Q Poverty Level o Families below) 10.6% 11.5% Q Persons below) 13.2% 14.1% o Period: CY Q Source: US Census: American Community Survey o 0 C Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 71 0 0 0 O 41. 2000 Location of Homes, Jobs o Jobs Hanes Ratio of Jobs/Homes o Puna 4,145 8,019 0.52 O S. Hilo 34,065 15,141 2.25 N. Hilo 64 597 0.11 o Hamakua' 647 1,316 0.49 O N. Kohala 409 1,751 0.23 S. Kohala 7,926 4,648 1.71 Q N. Kona 14,787 10,522 1.41 O S. Kona 1,086 3,113 0.35 Ka'u 357 2,209 0.16 O County 63,486 47,316 1.34 Period: 2000 O Notes: Homes = occupied housing units Source: U.S. Census 2000 O 42. 2006 Data: New Homes and Jobs O O New Jobs New Homes New Jobs/ New Homes o Puna 631 1,798 0.35 S. Hilo 3,614 798 4.53 o N. Hilo (137) 36 (3.81) O Hamakua 154 87 1.77 N. Kohala 249 168 1,48 o S. Kohala 1,660 936 1.77 O N. Kona 4,467 1,762 2.54 S. Kona 923 193 4.78 Q Ka'u 328 349 0.94 County 11,889 6,127 1.94 O O Period: 2000 to 2006 Units: "Homes" are owner-occupied units not the occupied households in Table 41. o Source: US Census, County Business Patterns, download of real property data from Hawaii O Information Service, Inc. O 0 43. Visitor Arrivals (Air and Cruise) 0 2005 2006 2007 Visitor arrivals by air 1,521,537 1,597,057 1,622359 o Domestic 1,173,629 1,272,618 1,305,218 O International 347,907 324,439 317,141 Cruise visitors 312,812 404,931 488,531 o Total 3,043,073 3,194,114 3,244,718 Period: CY O Source: State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism O Hawaii County General Plan Anneal Report, 2008 72 O 0 0 0 44. Average Visitor Count o O 2005 2006 2007 0 Average Daily o Census (air only) 27,768 28,011 27,891 Domestic 23,406 24,555 24,542 0 International 4,362 3,456 3,350 0 Resident Population 164,770 169,419 173,057 0 ADC/Resident Population 0.17 0.17 0.16 0 Period: CY o Notes: Average Daily Census = Average Visitor Count o Source: State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism Q 4s. Annual Visitor Spending Q O 2005 2006 2007 Q Total Visitor Spending $1,667 $1,652 $1,739 0 Daily Spending $163 $162 $166 Q Period: CY o Units: Millions $ (total); $ for daily spending per person Q Source: State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism Q 46. Residents'Attltudes towards Tourism O 2005 2006 2007 0 East: Benefit to Island 72% 70% 69% o West: Benefit to Island 60% 74% 77% o East: Benefit to Self and Family 38% 47% 36% Q West: Benefit to Self and Family 52% 45% 44% O Period: Frequent, not annual Q Units: Share of respondents o Source: Hawaii Tourism Authority surveys O 47. AgrIcultural Operations O 2004 2005 2006 0 Fams 3,250 3,250 3,250 0 Farm Acreage 820 820 820 Farm Workforce 2,700 2,500 2,650 Q O Period: CY Q Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book O O Hawaii County General Plan Annural Report, 2008 73 0 ~i Q Q Q Q Q 48. Agricultural Sales Value Q 2004 2005 2006 Q Q All Crops $143,972 164,772 $153,057 Vegetables and Melons $18,859 $18,172 $18,630 Q Fruits $18,666 $18,348 $17,921 Coffee $14,880 $31,030 $25,600 Q Flowers and Nursery Prod. $50,455 $53,487 $51,945 Q Taro $288 $168 $180 Q Other $40,824 $43,567 $38,781 Q Livestock $30,416 30,253 $30,860 Q Period: CY Q Units: Thousand $s Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book Q Q 49. Organic Agriculture Q Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Certified Farmers and Q Producers 75 71 107 88 Certified Farm Acreage 667.7 2373.2 Q Period: Annual, based on January report to US Department of Agriculture Source: Hawaii Organic Farmers Association Q Q 50. Film Production Revenues in Hawaii County Q Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Revenues (Million $s) $4.3 $4.4 $3.4 $18.3 Q Period: FY Q Units: Million $ Q Source: Department of Research and Development Annual Reports Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Hawaii County General Plait Annual Report, 1008 74 Q O O O O 51. Civil Defense: Emergency Events O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 O Bmshfire 8 18 6 17 10 O Earthquake 9 5 6 5 3 Flooding 10 15 18 21 13 O Hazardous Material 0 6 6 0 0 High Surf 42 28 28 34 22 O High Wind 7 15 29 27 12 Tropical Cyclones 0 0 3 2 2 O Period: FY O Units: Events Notes: Notes: volcanic eruption and drought are continuous, not events O Source: Civil Defense Agency Q O 52. Housing Units and Occupied Units Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Occupied Units 59,470 63,178 63,250 O Housing Units 69,093 71,984 75,189 77,650 O Period: CY Units: Single family or multifamily housing units O Source: US Census, American Community Survey O O 53. New Housing Built and Authorized O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O New Units Built 1,964 2,446 2,125 1,806 Net New Authorizations 3,049 3,412 2,711 2,105 O Source: Real Property data, DPW data (from R&D summary) O 54. Housing Sales on Multiple Listing Service O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Single Family 2,707 2,740 2,038 1,683 Q Condominium 1,043 1,161 719 519 O Total 3,750 3,901 2,757 2,202 0 Period: CY O Units: Houses sold Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book O O O Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 75 O Q Q Q Q Q 55. Annual Median Prices on Multiple Listing Service Q Q 2004 2005 2006 2007 Q Single Family $289,000 $385,000 $418,000 $395,000 Q Condominium $279,000 $369,000 $430,000 $394,900 Q Period: CY Q Units: Dollars (current for reported year) Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book Q Q 56. Volume and Share of Units Sold at Affordable Prices Q Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Sales 3,363 4,575 3,381 2,542 Number Affordable under 80% of Median 718 513 351 400 Q Number Affordable 80% to 120 of Median 386 394 369 334 Q Share Affordable under 80% of Median 21.3% 11.2% 10.4% 15.7% Q Share Affordable 80% to 120 of Median 11.5% 8.6% 10.9% 13.1% Q Period: FY Q Units: Housing units; share of annual sales Q Notes: Median income and hence affordable amount adjusted annually, per HUD and OHCD. Q Source: Real property database analysis by Belt Collins Hawaii. O 57. Use of Housing Units: Owner-occupant Units Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Homeowner Units 29,746 30,779 31,536 32,950 Q Period: FY Q Units: Housing units Q Notes: In future years, this table will include homes dedicated for low income rentals. Source: Real property data summaries posted by City and County of Honolulu Department of Q Budget and Finance (on p. 44) Q Q 58. Affordable vs. Average Housing Prices O 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Price Affordable at Median Income $195,900 $215,100 $226,200 $246,400 Average Price of Housing Sold on MLS $286,219 $380,238 $421,129 Q Ratio, Affordable to Average Price 68% 57% 54% Q Period: FY Q Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book; US Department of Housing and Urban Development Q analysis of affordability published by Office of Housing and Community Development Q Q Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 76 Q 0 0 0 59. Portion of Income Spent on Housing 0 2005 2006 2007 0 I' Share of Mortgaged Units, Paying More than 0 30%ofIncome 43.0% 40.1% 45.3% Share of Rented Units, Paying More than 30% of Income 35.2% 39.9% 48.4% 0 Source: Bureau of the Census, American Community Survey 0 0 60. Homeless Population 0 0 2005 2006 2007 0 Unsheltered 656 746 0 Sheltered 393 272 0 Source: FAQ Hawaii counts, for Office of Housing and Community Development 0 0 61. Police Personnel 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Sworn Personnel 413 428 429 430 432 0 Residents (End of FY) 160,129 164,770 169,419 173,057 0 Officers Per 1,000 Residents 2.58 2.60 2.53 2.48 0 Source: Police Department; The State of Hawaii Data Book 0 0 62. New Police Hires 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Sworn Personnel 413 428 429 430 432 0 New Officers 19 22 35 28 34 C Source: Police Department 0 C 63. Crime Statistics: Part I, Part II Crimes/1, 000 Population O 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 Part 1 Crimes 8,530 10,259 8,866 8,598 0 Part 2 Crimes 16,685 15,716 15,074 15,738 0 Part 1 / 1,000 Residents 54.57 64.07 53.81 50.75 0 Part 2 / 1,000 residents 106.74 98.15 91.49 92.89 0 Notes: Part I crimes include violent crimes; Part 2 crimes include robbery, theft, drug crimes. C Source: Uniform Crime Report data, from State Department of the Attorney General 0 C Hawaii County Genera! Plan Annual Report, 2008 77 C C O O O O O O 64. Criminal Investigations., Number and Clearance Rate O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Investigations O Robbery 54 78 88 91 O Burglary 1,384 1,301 1,708 1,342 Theft/Auto Theft 6,766 5,871 6,342 6,232 O Clearance Rate O Robbery 47% 69% 52% 42% 0 Burglary 22% 21% 19% 21% O Theft/Auto Theft 34% 43% 28% 38% 0 Source: Police Department O O 65. Community Policing O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 O O Positions (authorized) 20 17 15 15 16 Neighborhood Watch O Groups Active 94 O Period: FY O Notes: The Police Department supported but did not maintain annual counts of Neighborhood O Watch groups in past years. Source: Police Department O 0 66. Firefighters O O 2004 2005 2006 2007 O Firefighters 404 446 455 457 Resident Population 160,129 164,770 169,419 173,057 O Firefighters/1,000 Residents 2.52 2.71 2.69 2.64 O Source: Fire Department O 67. New Firefighters 0 2005 2006 2007 O New Firefighters 42 9 2 O Source: Fire Department O O O 0 Hawaii County Genera! Plan Annual Report, 2008 78 0 0 0 0 0 0 66. Volunteer Firefighters: Companies and Volunteer Personnel Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Companies 24 24 22 24 Q Volunteers 341 341 220 225 Q Source: Fire Department Q O 69. Fire Department Response Volume Q O 2005 2006 2007 Q Responses Fire 888 897 927 Q EMS/Rescue 13,671 14,946 15,503 Q Hazardous Materials 215 252 260 Others 3,231 3,747 4,442 0 Period: FY Q Source: Fire Department Q O 70. Fire DepartmentAverage Response Time Q 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 O Average Response Time o Fire 18.4 14.2 16.1 12.3 Emergency Medical 10.9 10.8 11.1 10.7 0 Other 11.1 12.4 14.1 14.3 0 Period: FY Units: Minutes (minutes and seconds converted to minutes) Source: Fire Department o O 71. Fire Inspections (Volume of Fire Prevention Activity) o O 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Inspections o Building Occupancy 624 741 1,648 1,281 Fire Protection Equipment 1,219 1,390 310 491 0 Period: FY o Source: Fire Department o O O O O Q flawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 79 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 72. Beach SafetyActivity 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 Beaches Patrolled 10 10 10 10 0 Water Safety Officers (FTE) 32 32 32 32 O Persons Rescued 231 295 187 396 Major First Aid Given 225 261 204 374 0 0 Period: FY Source: Department of Parks and Recreation through 2007 0 73. County Recreation Facilities 0 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Parks & Playgrounds 47 47 49 50 50 O Beach Parks 29 29 37 39 42 Gyms & Rec Centers 30 30 30 30 30 0 Pools 9 9 9 9 9 O Tennis Facilities 20 20 20 20 20 Period: FY O Source: Department of Parks and Recreation O 74. County Recreation Usage Indicators 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Beach Attendance 1,564,370 1,667,922 1,706,900 1,851,484 NA Q Pool Attendance 697,735 641,345 583,922 596,820 571,229 O Ho'olulu Park Complex 745,340 739,520 724,132 716,065 691,615 0 Period: FY O Units: Visitors (counted per day) Source: Department of Parks and Recreation 0 HawaN County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 80 0 0 0 75. County Spending on Selected Community Initiatives O 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 0 Programs o Comm. Devel. Block Grant $2,685,000 $2,797,603 $2,672,100 $2,417,268 $2,438,491 0 Workforce Investment Act $2,308,907 $2,135,481 $1,739,387 $1,420,008 $1,184,707 Healing our Island Grants $99,000 $104,895 $113,245 $193,602 $102,362 0 Period: FY Units: Dollars o Source: OHCD, Department of Research and Development o O 76. Elderly Population o 2005 2006 2007 0 Senior Population 65 to 74 Years 10,471 10,932 11,403 Q 75 to 84 Years 9,079 8,788 9,299 0 85 Years and over 1,921 3,196 2,792 O SI urce: US Census, American Community Survey o O 77. Elderly Living with Limitations o 2005 2006 2007 Q Persons 65 and over with a Disability 9,046 9,376 9,786 0 Share of Persons 65+ 42.1% 40.9% 41.7% O Source: Office of Aging o O 76. Persons Served through Kupuna Care and Case Management 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Persons Served Kupuna Care 507 771 0 Case Management 362 523 C Period: FY o Notes: Programs selected as involving significant service to elders with disabilities o Source: Office of Aging o O O C O llawai`i County Gerteral Plan Annual Report, 2008 81 C 0 0 0 0 0 79. Senior Volunteers in Office of Aging Programs 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 O Senior Volunteers NA NA NA 1,774 1,763 Note: Numerical data not available for years before FY 2007. O Period: FY Units: Persons Source: Office of Aging 0 0 0 0 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2008 82