HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0796.000 2008-2010 William P. Kenoi
- qtr q. BJ Leithead Todd
Mayor . , leis Director
�s+r : Margaret K. Masunaga
c4 Deputy
• • County of Hawa
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
Aupuni Center • 101 Pauahi Street, Suite 3 • Hilo, Hawaii 96720
Phone (808) 961 -8288 • Fax (808) 961 -8742
MEMORANDUM e---,
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April 15, 2010 G
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TO: J YOSHIMOTO, COUNCIL CHAIR Z.-5E
DONALD IKEDA, PLANNING COMMITTEE CHAIR
COUNTY COUNCIL MEMBERS 'v
•
FROM: BJ LEITHEAD TODD, DIRECTOR
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
SUBJECT: GENERAL PLAN ANNUAL REPORT
Transmitted herewith please find the 2009 General Plan annual report.
Per Hawai`i County General Plan section 15 -3, the primary intent of this report is "to monitor
progress towards achieving the General Plan goals, objectives, and policies." Along with the
Capital Improvements Program budget, the annual report "shall be the means to reconcile and
prioritize competing community needs, from a County -wide perspective" during the annual
budgeting process.
The report is also available in the "General Plan" section of the Planning Department's web site.
If you have any questions about the report, please contact Ron Whitmore at 961 -8137 or
rwhitmore@co.hawaii.hi.us.
RW:cs
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Enclosure
cc with report: Mayor William P. Kenoi
Mr. William Takaba, Managing Director
Mayor's Office Kona Comm. No,
• County Clerk Ref. To:
•
Ref. Date APR 2, nt0
Hawaii County is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer
GENERAL PLAN ANNUAL REPORT
Page 2
April 15, 2010
cc with report: Department of Environmental Management
Department of Public Works
Department of Parks & Recreation
Department of Research and Development
Department of Water Supply
Finance Department
Fire Department
Police Department
Office of Aging
Office of the Corporation Counsel
Office of Housing and Community Development
Civil Defense Agency
Mass Transit Agency
Planning Commissioners
Director, Planning Department
Deputy Director, Planning Department
Hilo and Kona Planning Program Managers
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HAWAI COU N TY
4.4.,. .
GENERAL PLAN
AN NUAL REPORT 2009 :0„/ ,
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.'�• - William T. Takaba
Managing DGecror
William P. Kenai •`� � °
Afgrnr - ` "t . :
Waiter K.M. Lau
�>y M ' ..r Deputy Managing Director
$ (uuufg ofc uiu tti`i
®ffire of t11eglIttgur
25 Aupuni Street. Suite 2603 • Hilo, Hawaii 96720 • (8081961-8211' • Fax (808) 961 -6553
KONA: 75 -5722 Hanama Place, Suite 102 • Kailua -Kona, 1Iawai'i 96740
(808)327 -3602 • Fax(808)326 -5663
� •
MAYOR'S MESSAGE
April 1, 2010
The Hawai'i County General Plan is an important statement of our County's
commitment and responsibility to the future of our island. The General Plan requires
ongoing analysis and thoughtful planning to provide clear direction for expanding our
island economy, protecting our environment, and strengthening our community.
1 This annual report helps our County monitor the progress being made toward
implementing the General Plan. I urge our residents to become familiar with the plan
and to work closely together to help achieve our County's goals for the future.
Mahalo to everyone who contributed their time and expertise to preparing this
General Plan annual report. I sincerely appreciate your dedication to improving the
quality of life for everyone on our beautiful Island of Hawai'i.
Aloha,
i
Billy Kenoi
MAYOR
1
1
County of l Iawwai'i is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer.
1
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CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii
11 Purpose 1
Purpose and Organization 1
I Limitations 1
Methodology 2
More Information 3
I PRESERVE AND ENHANCE NATURAL RESOURCES 5
Natural Beauty, Natural Resources and Shoreline 6
1. Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation 6
2. Islandwide Water Demand 7
3. Water Demand, Hawai'i Island Aquifers 7
4. • Ocean Water Quality: Enterococcus Levels 8
5. Air Quality: Annual Sulfur Dioxide Counts 8
11 Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 9
E nvironmental Quality 9
• 6. Solid Waste: Tonnage to Landfill; Diversion from Landfill 9
7. Tonnage Recycled (by Selected Commodities) 10
' 8. Water Quality Measurements Downgradient from Hilo Landfill 10
9. HI -5 Beverage Container Collection Rate 11
10. Effluent Reuse 11
I 11. Hawaii Island's Greenhouse Gas Emissions 12
12. Invasive Species Control: Coqui Control Efforts 12
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 13
I BUILD AND MAINTAIN BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE ECONOMY 15
Energy 16
13. Electric Power Consumption and Capacity 16
14. Share of Electric Power Produced from Renewable Resources 17 • a 15. Sources of Renewable Electric Power 17
16. Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Consumption 18
17. LEED Certified Buildings in Hawai'i County 18
18. EnergySTAR Homes in Hawaii County 19
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 19
Public Facilities 20
I 19. Capital Improvements Encumbrances 20
20. Debt Service 21
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 21
Public Utilities 22
i s
21. Public Water Consumption 22
22. Water Quality: County Drinking Water Systems 23
• 23. Wastewater: County System 23
I Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 24
Transportation 24
24. Road System • 24
25. Average Daily Volume of Traffic at Selected Spots 25
1 26. Major Traffic Accidents and Fatalities 25
27. Motor Vehicle Registration and Drivers' Licenses 26
28. Mass Transit Ridership 26
1
Hawaii Counry General Plan Annual Report, 2009 iii
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29. County Bus Miles Traveled, and Passengers per Mile 27
30. Routes and Trails for Bicycles 27 1
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 27
Land Use 28
31. Zoning Changes Approved 28
32. Rezonings, FY 2005 through 2009: By District and by R esulting Zoning 29
i II
33. Change in Number of Tax Map Keys, 2004 -2009 29
34. Building Permits: New Residential Units 30
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 30
Economy 31
35. Employment and Unemployment Rates 31
36. Jobs by Industry 32
37. Annual Change in Jobcount 32
II
38. Wage Growth, by Sector 33
39. Per Capita Personal Income 33
40. Income Inequality 33
41. 2000 Location of Homes, Jobs 34
42. 2007 Data: New Homes and Jobs 34
43. Visitor Arrivals (Air and Cruise) 34 ,�
44. Average Visitor Count 34
45. Annual Visitor Spending 35
46. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism 35
47. Agricultural Operations 36 1:
48. Agriculture Sales Value 36
49. Organic Agriculture 37
50. Film Production Revenues in Hawaii County 37
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 38
DEVELOP AND PROTECT THE COMMUNITY • 39
Flooding and Natural Hazards 40
51. Civil Defense: Emergency Events 40
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 40
Housing 41 i
52. Housing Units and Occupied Units 41
53. New Housing Built and Authorized 42
54. Housing Sales on Multiple Listing Service 42
55. Annual Median Prices on Multiple Listing Service 43
56. Volume and Share of Units Sold at Affordable Prices 43
57. Use of Housing Units: Owner- occupant Units 44
58. Affordable vs. Average Housing Prices 44 s
59. Portion of Income Spent on Housing 45
60. Homeless Population 45
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 46
Public Safety 47
61. Police Personnel 47
62. New Police Hires 48
63. Crime Statistics: Part I, Part II Crimes /1,000 Population 48
64. Criminal Investigations: Number and Clearance Rate 49
65. Community Policing 49
66. Firefighters 50
67. New Firefighter Hires 50 -
68. Volunteer Firefighters: Companies and Volunteer Personnel 51
69. Fire Department Response Volume 51
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iv Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
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70. Fire Department Average Response Time • 52
71. Fire Inspections (Volume of Fire Prevention Activity) 52
I
72. Beach Safety Activity • 53
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 53
Recreation 54
I 73. County Recreation Facilities 54
74. County Recreation Usage Indicators 55
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 55
Other Community Initiatives 56
1 75. County Spending on Selected Community Initiatives 56
76. Elderly Population 57
77. Elderly Living with Limitations 57
I 78. Persons Served through Kupuna Care and Case Management 58
79. Senior Volunteers in Office of Aging Programs 58
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 59
111 TABLES 61
I 1. Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation 61
2. Islandwide Water Demand 61
3. Water Demand, Hawaii Island Aquifers 61
4. Ocean Water Quality: Enterococcus Levels 61
5. Air Quality: Annual Sulfur Dioxide Counts 62
6. Solid Waste: Tonnage to Landfill; Diversion from Landfill 62
7. Tonnage Recycled (by Selected Commodities) 63
,� 8. Water Quality Measurements Downgradient from Hilo Landfill 63
9. HI -5 Beverage Container Collection Rate 63
10. Effluent Reuse • 64
11. Hawaii Island's Greenhouse Gas Emissions 64
It 12. Invasive Species Control: Coqui Control Efforts 64
13. Electric Power Consumption and Capacity 65
14. Share of Electric Power Produced from Renewable Resources 65
I 15. Sources of Renewable Electric Power 65
16. Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Consumption 66
17. LEED Certified Buildings in Hawaii County 66
18. EnergySTAR Homes in Hawai'i County 66
I. 19. Capital Improvements Encumbrances 67
20. Debt Service 67
21. Public Water Consumption 67
22. Water Quality: County Drinking Water Systems 68
111 23. Wastewater: County System 69
24. Road System 69
25. Average Daily Volume of Traffic at Selected Spots • 70
I, 26. Major Traffic Accidents and Fatalities 70
27. Motor Vehicle Registration and Drivers' Licenses 70
28. Mass Transit Ridership 71
I 29. County Bus Miles Traveled, and Passengers per Mile 71
30. Routes and Trails for Bicycles 71
31. Zoning Changes Approved 71
32. Rezonings, FY 2005 through 2009: By District and by Resulting Zoning 72
33. Change in Number of Tax Map Keys, 2004 -2009 72
oil 34. Building Permits: New Residential Units 73
35. Employment and Unemployment Rates 73
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Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 v
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36. Jobs by Industry 73,
37. Annual Change in Jobcount 74
38. Wage Growth, by Sector 74
39. Per Capita Personal Income 74
40. Income Inequality 74
41. 2000 Location of Homes, Jobs 75
42. 2007 Data: New Homes and Jobs 75
43. Visitor Arrivals (Air and Cruise) 76
44. Average Visitor Count 76
45, Annual Visitor Spending 76
46. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism 76
47. Agricultural Operations - 77
48. Agricultural Sales Value 77
49. Organic Agriculture 77
50. Film Production Revenues in Hawaii County 77
51. Civil Defense: Emergency Events 78
52. Housing Units and Occupied Units 78
53. New Housing Built and Authorized 78
54. Housing Sales on Multiple Listing Service 78
55. Annual Median Prices on Multiple Listing Service 79
56. Volume and Share of Units Sold at Affordable Prices 79
57. Use of Housing Units: Owner - occupant Units 79
58. Affordable vs. Average Housing Prices 79 �'
59. Portion of Income Spent on Housing • 80 I
60. Homeless Population 80
61. Police Personnel 80
62. New Police Hires 80 i
63. Crime Statistics: Part I, Part II Crimes /1,000 Population 80
64. Criminal Investigations: Number and Clearance Rate 81
65. Community Policing 81
66. Firefighters 81
67. New Firefighter Hires • 81
68. Volunteer Firefighters: Companies and Volunteer Personnel 82
69. Fire Department Response Volume 82
70. Fire Department Average Response Time 82
71. Fire Inspections (Volume of Fire Prevention Activity) 82
72. Beach Safety Activity 83
73. County Recreation Facilities 83
74. County Recreation Usage Indicators 83
75. County Spending on Selected Community Initiatives 84 �,
76. Elderly Population 84
77. Elderly Living with Limitations 84
78. Persons Served through Kupuna Care and Case Management 84
79. Senior Volunteers in Office of Aging Programs 85
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vi Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
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1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This report is the work of many contributors. For their work in gathering data, we want to thank:
1 CIVIL DEFENSE OFFICE OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY
Quince Mento, Administrator DEVELOPMENT
III Mei Hirayama
DATA SYSTEMS Jeremy McComber
Alan Rudo
Mitchell Okuma PARKS AND RECREATION
Clayton Honma, Deputy Director
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT James Komata
Lono Tyson, Director Darren Takiue
I Dora Beck
Mike Dworsky PLANNING DEPARTMENT
Chris Chin - Chance BJ Leithead Todd, Director
Rebekah Sluss Norman Hayashi
1 Gina Pacheco Jeff Darrow
Sara Hata - Finley
FINANCE DEPARTMENT Ron Whitmore
Nancy Crawford, Director
I. Stan Sitko POLICE DEPARTMENT
Lee Lord Marshall Kanehailua, Assistant Police Chief
Kay Oshiro Major Larry Weber
1 Daryl Inaba Pam Caldiera
FIRE DEPARTMENT PUBLIC WORKS
111 Darryl J. Oliveira, Chief Diane Shiro
Laurie Kaneta
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
MASS TRANSIT AGENCY Randy Kurohara, Director
I Tom Brown, Administrator John Mason
Will Rolston
OFFICE OF AGING Frecia Basilio
Alan Parker, Administrator Alex Frost
M Pauline Fukunaga
Lito Asuncion WATER SUPPLY
Larry Beck
1 ' Finn McCall
ill Thanks also go to the following individuals and organizations for making data available for this project:
John Kirkpatrick, Belt Collins; Cynthia Drake, Stanley Tamura, Yibo Hsu, and Clement Chan, State
Department of Transportation; Dale Mikami, Neil Mukai, Scott Murakawa, and Susan Kihara, State
Department of Health; and Sarah Townsend, Hawaii Organic Farmers Association.
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viii Hawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
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1 INTRODUCTION
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Purpose and Organization
The County of Hawaii Genera/ Ran directs the Planning Department to prepare an annual report to
monitor progress towards the General Plan goals, objectives and policies.
1 The General Plan is organized into thirteen substantive sections. In this report, those sections are
clustered into the three, broad goal areas for sustaining Hawaii Island's environment, economy, and
community.
I.
Within those goal areas, County agencies have specific roles and responsibilities, which correspond with
sections of the General Plan. The table below demonstrates the connections between goal areas, sections
of the General Plan, and the responsibilities of various County agencies. The organization of this report
'. follows that of the table.
Goal Areas General Plan Sections County Units Responsible
Preserve and Natural Beauty (7) Planning, Finance
Enhance Natural Natural Resources and Shoreline (8) Planning
Resources Environmental Quality (4) Environmental Management
Historic Sites (6) Planning
,I • Energy (3) Research and Development
Public Facilities (10) Public Works, Finance
Build and Maintain Public Utilities (11) Environmental Management,
Basic Infrastructure Water Supply
I and the Economy Transportation (13)
Land Use (14) Mass Transit, Public Works
Planning
Economic (2) Research and Development
. Flooding and Natural Hazards (5) Civil Defense, Public Works
Develop and Protect Housing (9) Housing and Community Development
the Community Public Safety (10) Fire, Police
Recreation (12) Parks and Recreation
Other* Aging
*The General Plan does not include any goals explicitly related to the responsibilities of the Office of
A Aging, the Department of Liquor Control, and the Office of the Prosecuting Attorney. The Offices of
Management, the Corporation Counsel, and the County Clerk as well as the Departments of Finance,
Human Resources, and Data Systems serve the goals of the General Plan by providing leadership, legal
support, information access, financial management, staffing, and, technological support for the other
1 County departments.
1 Limitations
The General Plan includes hundreds of goals and policies, and this report does not cover them
comprehensively. First, some goals are specific to a district or two. Second, a comprehensive report
- would be very long. Moreover, it's impossible: progress in meeting some of the goals and policies can't be
measured regularly. Therefore, those goals and policies that are most representative and affect the entire
County were selected for inclusion in this report.
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The County also cannot sustain Hawaii Island as a unique and wonderful place on its own. That is the
ongoing work of the County, residents, and other stakeholders, working in collaboration. This report
focuses primarily on areas of County activity and responsibility so that residents can assess the
challenges we all face, the ways in which the County responds to those challenges, and the role of other
organizations in improving our quality of life.
Since this report is being prepared by the County Planning Department for consideration by many
stakeholders, it leaves to readers the important tasks of assessing the data and deciding what to do next.
This report is meant to support lively and informed discussion of the County's future, not to reach
conclusions about quality of life and what is to be done.
Methodology 1
To track progress toward achieving General Plan goals, the report compiles annual "indicators" of the
state of Hawaii County. An indicator signals whether change is occurring. A good indicator suggests what
sort of change is taking place, and whether it is small or large. Indicators in this report should help
policy- makers and the public decide whether the County is moving towards its goals, and whether it is
moving fast enough.
An indicator represents a trend. It provides a measure of larger, more complex facts that matter to
people and can help the community decide when action is needed. Importantly, however, an indicator
does not necessarily indicate what action is appropriate. Care should be taken to avoid "teaching to the
test" — that is, fixing the indicator, not the larger problem of which the indicator is symptomatic.
The indicators in the report were selected for several reasons:
• The information speaks to a goal, policy, or standard enunciated in the General Plan.
• The information is measurable and quantifiable.
• Averages or samples are gathered regularly — in most cases, annually — so trends can be followed
from year to year.
• The information is being collected already, although it may not be published.
The General Plan instructs the County to prepare this report annually. This is unusual — in most t
communities, an indicator report is issued, but not updated. The first report was prepared for fiscal year
2008 - 2009, and this is the second report. In future years, the list of indicators is expected to be stable,
with some refinements and additions as better measures become available or as stakeholders identify key
problems and indicators to be considered. Future reports should therefore help Hawaii County's citizens
track trends and see whether County initiatives are sustained.
This report provides graphic accounts of indicators, with minimal commentary to help the reader assess
the trends. Tables of the indicator data are provided at the end.
Conventions used here include:
• Fiscal Years Annual data are provided for fiscal years beginning July 1 and ending on June 30
wherever possible. The fiscal year from July 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009 is identified as FY 2009.
For all tables, notes indicate whether fiscal years (FY) or calendar years (CY) are used to
summarize data.
•
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• Prices: Prices and values are those current at the time of a transaction. Trends such as median
housing prices are not adjusted for inflation.
• General Plan References: Quotations from the Hawaii County General Plan at the beginning of
sections are cited by page number. The key goals, policies, and standards listed in each sub-
section are identified by the numbers and letters assigned to them in the General Plan. For
example, the first goal in section 7.2 of the General Plan is quoted on page 6 below, and
identified as 7.2 (a), as it is in the Plan. Some goals, policies, and standards have been integrated
or paraphrased to summarize the general intent.
More Information
This report is part of ongoing efforts to make government accountable to the people of Hawaii County
and to develop policies for a sustainable island.
Important efforts have also been made by community organizations such as the Five Mountains Hawaii
effort that tracked health indicators. Some Community Development Plans also call for monitoring of
trends at the district level.
Other examples of creative use of indicators can be found in:
Rocky Mountain Institute. Accelerating Progress Toward a Sustainable Hawa /'Island. Snowmass,
CO, 2007. (This report develops a systems approach to Hawaii Island.)
Kaua`i Planning & Action Alliance. Measuring What Matters for Kaua`I: Community Indicators
' Report, 2006. Lihue, HI, 2007. Posted at http:/ /www.kauainetwork.orq /kpaa- reports -and-
publications.aso. (This report has examples of indicators and suggestions for community action.)
' R. Smolko, C. Strange and J. Venetoulis, The Community Indicators Handbook: Measuring
Progress Toward Healthy and Sustainable Communities 2n edition. Redefining Progress, Oakland
CA, 2006. Publication can be downloaded at http: / /www.rprooress.orq /publications /index.htm
for a fee. (This report includes a history of community indicators in the United States, definitions,
and extensive guides to other community efforts, to foundations supporting these efforts, and
data sources.)
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4 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
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PRESERVE AND ENHANCE NATURAL RESOURCES
General Plan Sections: Environmental Quality, Historic Sites, Natural Beauty, Natural Resources and
Shoreline
The people of the County of Hawaii live in an environment with qualities that other areas have long since
lost : ...
The County's basic industries, agriculture, tourism, and scientific and technological enterprises, depend
upon a "clean' environment for optimum growth...,
In order to maintain en ecolog /cal balance ... it is essential to control pollution, develop more effective
solid waste and sewer treatment programs, control soil erosion, water runoff, and sprawl development,
as well as protect endangered plants and animal species.
General Plan, page 4 - 1
Hawaii's natural beauty is both an irreplaceable asset and a part of the public trust. It is fragile and
although often enhanced by man can easily be adversely affected. Measures must be taken to insure its
protection, both now and in the future, for the enjoyment of Hawaii's residents and visitors
General Plan, page 7 -1
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Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 5
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Natural Beauty, Natural Resources and Shoreline
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Protect, preserve and enhance the quality of areas endowed with natural beauty, including the
quality of coastal scenic resources. [7.2 (a)]
o Protect and conserve Hawai`i's environmental and natural resources, including the air, ocean
waters, shoreline, groundwater, soils, flora, fauna, forests, and geologic features from undue
exploitation, encroachment and damage. [8.2 (a)]
o Provide opportunities for recreational, economic, and educational use without despoiling or
endangering environmental and natural resources. [8.2 (b)]
Indicators
1. Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation
1
250 -
c
c 200
U
A
150
d
a 100 - —
V
)
y 50
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Total Acreage
Source: Department of Finance 1
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6 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
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2. Islandwide Water Demand
Demand with All Potential General Plan I Demand at Buitdout of All Current Zoning
Growth
2%
i 2
°
7 �° 3%
18
40% I i
I 48
j
1 47%
40%
1
• Current a Additional to GP, non -Ag • Current • Additional zoned, non -Ag
I • Ag 0 Remainder to SY ■ Ag ❑ Remainder to SY
Notes: These pie charts combine the demand and sustainable yield figures for all the island's aquifers, showing
demand and potential supply assuming transmission is not a problem.
I GP = All development recognized as possible in the General Plan.
Ag = Irrigation for all agricultural uses.
SY = Sustainable yield (the amount that can be taken annually from the system without lowering reserves).
Source: Department of Water Supply, Hawaii County Water Use and Development Plan Update, 2006
I 3. Water Demand, Hawaii Island Aquifers
I 800
>, 700 •
ea
Ts
•
' , 600 —
a
U) 500
0
m 400 — •
I 0 300
N
O 200
•
I g 100
Kohala East West Northeast Southeast Southwest Northwest Kilauea Hualalai
I Mauna Mauna Mauna Mauna Mauna Mauna
Kea Kea Loa Loa Loa Loa
■ Current Use (no Ag.) • GP demand (no Ag.) • GP demand (with Ag) • Sustainable Yield
1 Notes: "Current use" is estimated for 2010. GP usage levels show total projected demand under full General Plan
build -out.
GP = All development recognized as possible in the General Plan.
I Ag = Irrigation for all agricultural uses.
Source: Department of Water Supply, Hawaii County Water Use and Development P /an Update, 2006
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Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 7
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4. Ocean Water Quality: Enterococcus Levels
v. 9% I
CO
� 8%
j — 7%
N o f 6% — — — — - - - --
� 5%
Q' L
IH " I"I
a 4%
1%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year 1
• Onekahakaha • Hilo (Canoe Beach)
0 Kahalu'u Beach Park ❑ Anaeho'omalu Bay
• Kamakahonu B (left tip of pier on south side)
Notes: Enterococcus is an indicator of the presence of various bacteria. Since Enterococcus exists in fresh water and
soil in Hawaii, it is useful mainly as an indicator of bacteria in ocean recreation areas and is an ambiguous indicator
of potential health risks in areas with much stream flow, such as Canoe Beach in Hilo Bay. The five beaches included
in this table are sampled regularly. Onekahakaha had no reported samples with levels of bacteria of concern. Of the
four that did have such samples, only Canoe Beach appeared every year. (Average readings for this beach are also
higher than for the others monitored.)
CFU = Colony Forming Units. 104 CFU per 100 ml indicates high bacterial counts.
Source: State Department of Health, Clean Water Branch
5. Air Quality: Annual Sulfur Dioxide Counts
Mean Readings Maximum Readings
0.08 1.2
—
0.06 - 1 - - - e
0.8
0.04 0.6
0.4
0.02
0.2 - --
0 s 1 rn _ I I , 0 ..--Y—,—ki • —��ji
2005 2006 2007 2008 2005 2006 2007 2008
• Hilo • Puna • Pahala 0 Kona t Hilo -- Puna Pahala -it- Kona
Notes: All measures are of ppm = parts per million. The National Ambient Air Quality Standard warning level for this
measure is .5 ppm over a three -hour period. All readings were below the standard through 2007, but in 2008,
readings in Hilo were above the standard on one day. Readings at the newly established station in Pahala exceeded
the standard on 19 days. The 3 -hour standard is a welfare -based standard, not a health -based standard.
Source: State Department of Health, Clean Air Branch
1
1
8 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
1 Hawaii County initiated a policy of land acquisition for public access, open space, and natural resources
preservation in 2005. The first purchases — of lands at Waipi`o and Kawa'a — were completed in FY 2008,
and several purchases are planned in FY 2010.
The aquifer system under Hawaii Island contains far more water than is used now and will be in the
foreseeable future. This is not so for the West Hawaii aquifers: total projected demand, with fully
irrigated agriculture and full build -out of permitted (zoned) or anticipated (General Plan) development,
would exceed sustainable yield in three sectors.
Air and ocean water quality monitoring help to measure general environmental quality, identifying
challenges facing the County and community. Through 2007, average sulfur dioxide readings were low,
and the highest reading was only .28 ppm. Since March 2008, high emissions from Halema'uma'u crater
have been of concern for people and agriculture downwind of the volcano. Readings in Hilo and Kona
1 increased in 2008, and a station established in Pahala in 2008 recorded high readings.
1 Environmental Quality
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
Control pollution. [4.2 (c)]
o Encourage the concept of recycling agricultural, industrial, and municipal waste material. [4.3
1 (d)]
Indicators
1 6. Solid Waste: Tonnage to Landfill; Diversion from Landfill
250,000 - 35%
1
200,000 30%
r
25%
150,000 20% :
o
100,000 15% `�-
- 10%
50,000 N
- 5%
0%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
■ Solid Waste to Landfill i Solid Waste Diverted - -Share Diverted1
Source: Department of Environmental Management
II
.
Hawac , c County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 9
1
1
1
7. Tonnage Recycled (by Selected Commodities)
100,000 -- — -- - - - - --
90, 000
80,000
lirl ir,Ith i
70,000 _
/ 60,000 00 ® lit
50,000 _
o 40,000 - -
30,000 ® — — — - --
20,000
10,000
- 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
• Greenwaste ■ Metal o Tires
o Paper • Plastics 19 Grease
• Glass o Mixed • Recycling Centers
• Household Hazardous Waste ❑ Used Motor Oil Program • Electronic -Waste
• Latex Paint
Source: Department of Environmental Management 1
8. Water Quality Measurements Downgradlent from Hilo Landfill
450
1
400 — -
350 — —
3
:i
100
50 - - - --
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
• Volatile Organic Compounds • Dissolved Solids D Alkalinity
Notes: Reports are the average annual data for more than one well, for calendar years. A minor release to
groundwater at the South Hilo Sanitary Landfill was identified in 2006. Operational changes implemented afterwards
have resulted in measurable improvements to water quality downgradient of the landfill. No volatile organic
compound concentrations measured in groundwater samples collected at the site have exceeded State or Federal
water quality protection standards. Future landfill improvements, including a lined expansion area and construction of
a materials sorting and recycling center, will further improve the site operations and reduce environmental impacts.
Source: Department of Environmental Management
1
10 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
9. HI -5 Beverage Container Collection Rate
1 9,000 - 120%
8,000 -
1 7,000 -
— 100%
a)
6,000 - - 80%
5,000 - o
0
o
1- 4, 000 - - 60 /° a
3,000 - - 40%
2,000 - a
1,000 - -20%
I 0 1 I I 0%
2006 2007 2008 2009
1 Fiscal Year
Containers Recycled, in tons -s- Participation in Recycling
1 Notes: The State tracks statewide container redemption rates. Using those rates, the Department of Environmental
Management estimates County redemption rates.
I Source: State Department of Health, Department of Environmental Management
10. Effluent Reuse
1 9,000,000 -
8,000,000 - _
I 7,000,000
v 6,000,000
1 n 5,000,000 - -.
0 4,000,000 -
00 3,000,000
I 2,000,000 - --
1, 000, 000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
I Fiscal Year
• Effluent reused
I Notes: Treated water from sewage plants can be used to irrigate some landscapes and crops. Reuse of effluent can
contribute to efficient use of a limited resource.
Source: Department of Environmental Management
1
Hawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 11
1
1
1
11. Hawaii Island's Greenhouse Gas Emissions
3 1
2.5
2 1
1.5
Er
ev 1
v 0.5
- 0.5 . • ' 1990 .S:�B ,
}
-1 �s
a
- 1.5
-2 1
• Energy • Industrial Processes 0 Waste • Ag /Forest (sources) 0 Ag /Forest (sinks)
Notes: MMTCO2Eq = metric tons of CO2 equivalents
Source: ICF International Draft Report to State Greenhouse Gas Task Force, 2008
12. Invasive Species Control: Coqui Control Efforts I
2,500 30,000
2,000 -- • — 25,000
1
— 20,000 0
d 1,500 — H
co L. - 15,000
o
c N
1,000 —
Q — 10,000 Q
500 5,000
1
2006 2007 2008
■ Acres treated • Acres infested (estimated)
Sources: Big Island Invasive Species Committee (treatment), Hawaii Invasive Species Council (estimated infestation) 1
1
12 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
1 Recycling is being practiced by the people and County administration. The amount of solid waste recycled
has been increasing, while the total amount of solid waste has been decreasing. The share of the
' residential waste stream diverted from the landfill has reached 30 %. (Commercial haulers take waste
directly to the landfill.) Greenwaste, metal, paper, and glass recycling have accounted for much of the
diversion.
Between 1990 and 2007, Hawaii County greenhouse gas emissions increased from 2.02 to 2.78 million
metric tons of CO equivalents (MMTCO2Eq). By far the largest sector contributing to these emissions
was energy (including both transportation and the production of electricity).
Invasive species such as miconia, the little fire ant and varroa mites are of concern. Responses involve
citizens, the County, the State and federal agencies. Efforts to limit coqui frogs are viewed as an indicator
of ongoing efforts. However, coqui infestation has reached the point on the island of Hawaii that efforts
1 are aimed at controlling its spread, not at total eradication.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 13
1
1
1 1
1
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1
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1
1
1
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14 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
i
1 BUILD AND MAINTAIN BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE
ECONOMY
1 General Plan Sections: Energy, Public Facilities, Public Utilities, Transportation, Land Use, Economy
The County of Hawaii must decrease economic vulnerability and energy costs. To do so, the County must
combine the efforts of energy efficiency and the development of natural renewable energy alternatives
that reduce the dependence on imported fossil fuels and increase energy self- sufficiency,
' General Plan, page 3 - 1
It is necessary to carefully coordinate the provision of public facilities in order to use them most
effectively and to maximize the effect of the public dollar. It is equally necessary to realize that the type,
quality, capacity and location of facilities and services have a significant impact on the community, the
people and the total environment
General P /an, page 10 - 1
The different elements of the transportation system ideally need to be planned through an integrated and
comprehensive process that includes /and use planning....
The island is faced with an increasing demand for the development of new transportation facilities and
systems.
General Plan, page 13 - 1
The County is committed to providing its residents with a public transportation system that is affordable,
efficient, accessible, safe, environmentally friendly, and reliable.
General Plan, page 13 - 22
r Government has responsibility to identify, understand, forecast, protect and promote local economic
sectors and to balance economic growth with desired environmental, social and other objectives of the
community.
General Plan, page 2 - 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 15
1
t
Energy 1
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Strive towards energy self - sufficiency. [3.2 (a)]
o Encourage the development of alternate energy resources. [3.3 (a)]
o Encourage energy- saving design in the construction of buildings. [3.3 (n)]
Indicators
13. Electric Power Consumption and Capacity
1,200, 000 220
1,180, 000 -
1,160, 000 - - 215
1,140, 000 - 210 3
1,120, 000 - -a
1,100,000 - - 205 o
1,080,000 - 2
1,060,000 - - 200 c
a
1,040,000 195
1,020,000 -
1,000,000 1 + I I 190
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 '
—Power sold (MWh) -4-- System peak (MW)
Notes: MW = Megawatts; MWh = Megawatt hours
Sources: State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism (DBEDT), The State of Hawaii Data
Book and reports by Hawaiian Electric Industries
1
1
1
1
1
16 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
14. Share of Electric Power Produced from Renewable Resources
1 500 35%
450 —
400 — 30%
350 — — 25%
W
Y 300 - - 20% T
c 250 — , u)
II - =" : 200 = 15% °
150 — 10%
100 —
50 - — 5%
I I I I 0%
1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
m• Renewable Power Sales —• —Share of all Electric Power Sales
1 Notes: kWh = kilowatt hours
Sources: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book and reports by Hawaiian Electric Industries
I 15. Sources of Renewable Electric Power
450
400
i 350 PA % A
L 300 '�■
250
2
0 200
I 150
100
50
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
I
• Geothermal • Hydroelectric p Photovoltaic Ei Wind
I Notes: MWh = Megawatt hours
Sources: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book and reports by Hawaiian Electric Industries
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 17
1
1
16. Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Consumption
180,000 1,000
160,000 — — 900
140,000 — • — 800
w 120,000 -- — 700
100,000 — — 600
a) — 500 N
o 80, 000 — c
o — 400 0
60,000 — — 300 (D
40,000 — — 200
20,000 — — 100 1
0 I I 1 I
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
H a—Total Consumption — .-- Consumption/person
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book
17. LEED Certified Buildings in Hawaii County 1
25
20
c 15
3 10
m
0
5 1
1 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 (partial)
• LEED Certified Buildings • Registered Buildings 1
Notes: The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program covers many different architectural,
engineering and site features of new buildings. "Registered" buildings have been submitted for LEED certification but
are not yet certified. Once a building has been certified, it is no longer listed as "registered."
Source: Green Building Council website
1
18 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
18. EnergySTAR Homes in Hawaii County
300
250
200
150
100 -
50
0
Earlier FY 2008 FY 2009
• Total EnergySTAR Homes
Notes: To qualify for the EPA - sponsored EnergySTAR program, new homes must be at least 15% more energy -
efficient than standard homes built to the International Building Code.
Source: EnergySTAR website
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
In 2006, the upward trend in total power demand was interrupted. Since then, the amount of power sold
per resident has decreased, from the peak of 6.77 MegaWatt hours /person per year to 6.49 in 2008.
Hawaii Island is dependent on imported energy for power supply and transportation, but Hawaii County
leads the state in the share of electric power generated from renewable sources. Wind power sources
now provide more power than hydroelectric, although geothermal power remains the leading renewable
source of electric power.
1
1
1
1
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 19
1
Public Facilities
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards 1
o Encourage the provision of public facilities that effectively service community and visitor needs
and seek ways of improving public service through better and more functional facilities in keeping
with the environmental and aesthetic concerns of the community. [10.1.2 (a)]
Indicators
19. Capital Improvements Encumbrances 1
$140.0
$120.0
$100.0 — 1
$80.0 -
$60.0 -- - — - - - - --
$40.0 - -- - -- — - - -- —
$20.0 -- - — —
$- ■ 1 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
• New Construction • Renovation ❑ Maintenance]
Notes: Projects are listed in the year in which funds were initially authorized. If the County spends more on a project
than was originally authorized, the additional cost is counted in the original year.
Source: Finance and Public Works Departments
1
1
1
1
20 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
r
1
1
1 20. Debt Service
$35 - 12.0%
$30 - 10.0%
0
$25 - o
I y w - 8.0% o m
$20 -
t..) t..) r
. °_ - 6.0% 'E -o
'a = $15 a� c
I To
w
-4.0% rl K
$10 0
Q
$5 - 2.0%
1 $0 I 1 i I 1 0.0%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1 — Fiscal Year
■ Total —Debt Service as % of Noncapital Expenditures]
1 Source: Department of Finance, 2009 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report
1 Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
Hawaii County's bonded debt reached $291 million at the end of FY 2009. Debt service payments
I continued to rise - payments on principal were up to $19.7 million, but interest payments were down to
$12.8 million in 2009. The total debt service in 2009 was 9.3% of the County's annual noncapital
expenses, ending a downward trend.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 21
1
1
i
Public Utilities
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Ensure that efficient and dependable water, sewage and private utility services are operated to
minimize pollution, cost, and disturbance. [11.1.2 (a) and 11.1.3 (a) and (b)]
Indicators
21. Public Water Consumption
11.0 '
10.5
c 10.0
ea
9.5
c 9.0
8.5
8.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
4—Deepwell Pump Production —Consumption 1
Source: Department of Water Supply
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
22 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
22. Water Quality: County Drinking Water Systems
1
100% -
I 90% -
_I _______.
E 80%
• 70%
1 N 60%
in 50%
6 40%
aa) 30%
u
cp 20% - - -- IL d
111 a.
10%
0% I
1 2005 2006 2007 2008
■Meets EPA Health Standards • Percent of sodium readings over 60 PPM
❑ Percent of sodium readings over 120 PPM
1 Notes: PPM = parts per million. The County Department of Water Supply publishes the results of regular tests of
County-owned water systems. For sodium, readings over 60 PPM might have a salty taste to drinking water. Those
I with sodium- restricted diets might be at risk if the sodium levels are over 120 PPM. All water sources used by Hawaii
County meet Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and State drinking water standards.
Source: Department of Water Supply website, water quality reports
I 23. Wastewater: County System
12
10 — -- -
as
-° 1 III
I 2004 2005 2006 2007 2006 2009
Fiscal year
I • Average Daily Flow • System Capacity
Source: Department of Environmental Management
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 23
1
1
1
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
Both private and public utilities serve the people of Hawai`i County, and Tess than sixteen percent of
housing units are on County wastewater systems. The County's water and wastewater systems as a
whole are operating well below their theoretical capacity. Public water consumption per person decreased
1.5% to 50,911 gallons annually (or 140 gallons /day) in 2008 (calculated for the de facto population,
including both residents and visitors). 1
Transportation ,
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Provide a transportation system whereby people and goods can move efficiently, safely,
comfortably and economically using a variety of modes of transportation, including mass transit,
bicycle, and pedestrian. [13.1.2 (a and b)]
o Provide a system of roadways for the safe, efficient and comfortable movement of people and
goods. [13.2.2 (a)]
Indicators '
24. Road System
1,500 10
1,490 — 9
H 1,480 — — 8
1:1 1,470 — — 7 v
1,460 — 6 c
1,450 — — 5 g
1,440 - 4
1,430 — 3
1,420 — — 2
1,410 — — 1
1,400 I 0
2005 2006 2007 2008
Roadways New Roadway Built
Source: Federal Highway reports, provided by State Department Transportation
g y r ep , p y S p ent of ansportation
1
1
24 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
I
1
1
I 25. Average Daily Volume of Traffic at Selected Spots
30,000
1 25,000
— _
g 20,000 — to
i 15,000
_ ,
10,000 riI - - — r - —'_
• 0
Kekuanaoa St at Pauahi St at Palani Road at Queen Ka'iminani Street Kawaihae Road
Hilo Airport Bayfront Harbor Ka'ahumanu Hway
I at Airport
Segments
at
■ 2004 . 2005 ❑ 2006 0 2007 ■ 2008
Source: State Department of Transportation
1 26
Major Traffic Accidents and Fatalities
1 -- - 3,000 - -- 45
- 40
I 2,500 --
- 35
2,000 -- - 30
cu
s -25
co ,500 -
6 20 co
I 1,000- , -15 u_
500 - - 1 0
1 -5
0 1 1 I 1 0
I 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Crashes — 0—Persons Killed
1 Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book and Police Department data in the County Data Book
1
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 25
1
1
1
27. Motor Vehicle Registration and Drivers' Licenses
200,000 2.00
180,000 1.90
160,000 1.80
140,000 - 1.70
120,000 1.60 c
I
100,000 1.50
80,000 . 1 . 4 0 r 1
60,000 1.30 >
40,000 1.20
20,000 1,10
0 , 1.00
2005 2006 2007 2008
1
• Registered Vehicles • Drivers' Licenses p Vehicles /licensed driver
Source: Department of Finance, Vehicle Registration and Licensing Division
28. Mass Transit Ridership
900,000
III
800,000
700,000
600,000 1
d 500,000
LE 400,000 1
300,000 —
200,000 — I
100,000 -
2007 2008 2009 1
Fiscal Year
• Bus • Shared -ride Taxi I
Notes: Bus passengers are individual riders. For the shared -ride taxi system, vouchers are counted.
I
Source: Mass Transit Agency
1
26 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
I 29. County Bus Miles Traveled, and Passengers per Mile
1,800,000 0.55
I 1,600,000
1,400,000 0.53
' 1,200,000 °'
1,000,000 ♦ ♦ 0.51
♦ w
800,000
co
1 600,000 0.49 c
u)
R
a.
I 400,000
0.47
200,000
1 - 0.45
2007 2008 2009
• Passengers • Miles Travelled p Passengers /MiIJ
Source: Mass Transit Agency
I 30. Routes and Trails for Bicycles
20 - - - -
I 18 -
16
14
I - —.
12
u)
d 10 --
8 -
6
I 4
2
1 0
Signed Shared Roads Bike Lanes Shared Paths
I Source: 2003 State Bicycle Master Plan
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
I The County has been responding to traffic and transportation problems through road projects and
development of a free mass transit system. Bus routes and ridership are increasing, and traffic accidents
and fatalities are dropping.
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 27
1
1
Land Use I
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards 1
o Designate and allocate land uses in appropriate proportions and mix and in keeping with the
social, cultural, and physical environments of the County. [14.1.2 (a)]
I
o Protect and preserve forest, water, natural and scientific reserves and open areas. [14.1.2 (c)]
o Protect and encourage the intensive and extensive utilization of the County's important
agricultural lands and preserve the agricultural character of the island. [14.1.2 (b) and 14.2.2
(b)]
o Provide commercial developments that complement the overall pattern of transportation and land
usage within the island's regions, communities, and neighborhoods. [14.3.2 (b)]
o Ensure that resort developments maintain the cultural and historic, social, economic, and physical
1 environments of Hawaii and its people. [14.7.2 (c)]
Indicators
31. Zoning Changes Approved 1
35 - 1,400
I
30 — -- 1,200
N
c 25 — -- 1,000
� 20 - - 800 m
15 - — 600 Q
E 10 — — 400
z
z
I 5 — — 200
0- 1 1 1 1 0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year 1
∎ Approvals --o—Acreage
Notes: The zoning code regulates the use of land. Rezoning can occur, but applications must be found
consistent with the General Plan.
Source: Department of Planning 1
1
1
1
28 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
1 32. Rezonings, FY 2005 through 2009: By District and by Resulting Zoning
4s °i°
1 °
0.0% 5.1% 3 . 3 ° /4.9%
10.1%
28.3%
1.0%
3.2%
0.0%
48.0% -0.0%
1.0% 49.1 %
1.4% 26.2%
16.0%
I • Puna • S. Hilo ❑ N. Hilo
❑ Hamakua • N. Kohala • S. Kohala • SF • MF ❑ Res -Ag ❑ Com • Ind
1 • N. Kona is S. Kona • Kau • Resort • Mixed o Ag • Open
Notes: Figures show the acreage in different districts or classifications. The categories used here correspond to
Hawaii County zoning classifications as follows:
I SF: single family
MF: multifamily
Res -Ag: residential agricultural or family agricultural
Com: commercial or commercial village
I Ind: industrial
Resort: resort-hotel
Ag: agricultural or agricultural project district
Mixed: industrial - commercial mixed, residential - commercial mixed, or project district
I Source: Planning Department
33. Change in Number of Tax Map Keys, 2004 -2009
I 3,000 25%
2,500 - • - 20%
1 2,000 - - 15%
• 1,500 - - 10%
I 1,000 -
• • - 5%
500 - • • - 0%
(500k� \o � �\o to 4 •t"` + e' cp P -10%
New Condos MEE Other New TMKs —0—% Change, All TMKs]
Notes: Tax Map Keys (TMKs) are individual taxable properties. They may be divided or aggregated through
subdivision or consolidation. When large parcels are subdivided, the new smaller ones can be sold or developed
separately. A major source of new "parcels" is condominium development: each new unit is a separate TMK "parcel."
Source: Real Property Division, Finance Department
1
Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 29
1
34. Building Permits: New Residential Units
4,000 -
3,500
3,000 —
'E 2,500
c 2,000 — -
c 1 -
x
1,000 —
500
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
Single Family • Multifamily
Source: Generated by Data Systems Department with data from the Department of Public Works, Building Division
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
Since the General Plan was approved in 2005, both the volume and acreage of rezonings has declined, in 1
part due to the Council- initiated pause in rezoning for the Kona, North Kohala, and South Kohala
Community Development Plans. Zone changes have been concentrated in North Kona, South Hilo, and
South Kohala. Most rezonings are to agricultural zoning – mostly from larger- to smaller -lot agricultural
zoning. Many are also to mixed uses – project district, mixed commercial - industrial, or mixed residential -
commercial.
Currently (after the 2009 tax assessments), Hawaii County has 139,208 taxable parcels, an increase of '
4,327 (3.2 %) over 2004. TMK creation has been concentrated in West Hawaii, with condo development
more active in South Kohala, and land subdivision more important in North Kona.
1
1
30 Hawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1 Economy
1 Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Provide an economic environment that allows new, expanded, or improved economic oppor-
' tunities that are compatible with the County's cultural, natural and social environment. [2.2 (d)]
o Assist in the expansion of the agricultural industry through the protection of important
agricultural lands, development of marketing plans and programs, capital improvements and
continued cooperation with appropriate State and Federal agencies. [2.3 (a)]
I o Encourage the development of a visitor industry that is in harmony with the social, physical, and
economic goals of the residents of the County. [2.3 (c)]
c Assist in the development of a film and video industry program to market Big Island sites and
' coordinate film and video activities on the Big Island. [2.3 (r)]
Indicators
1 35. Employment and Unemployment Rates
8% 90,000
1 7%
a, 6% -- 85,000 E'
I a m
= 5% >,
m o
0 4 % 80,000
E 3% al cu
m —
D 2% - - 75,000 v
1 1%
1 0% 70,000
2005 2006 2007 2008
MI Unemployment Rate t Civilian Employment
' Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations
1
1
1
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 31
1
1
1
36. Jobs by Industry
70,000
60,000
TA' 3 50,000
C 40,000
. 30,000 1
c 20,000
■ ■ ■ ■ ■
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
• Natural Resources and Mining • Manufacturing
❑ Trade, Transportation, and Utilities ❑ Financial Activities
• Professional and Business Services ® Educational and Health Services
• Leisure and Hospitality El Other Services
• Government
Notes: Agricultural jobs and self - employed workforce are not included in this data set.
Source: State department of Labor and Industrial Relations
37. Annual Change in Jobcount
6% '
5%
4%
3%
2%
1%
0%
-1 % 2005 2006 2007 2008
-2% — -
-3% - 1
-4%
Change, over previous year
—4—All Non - Agricultural Jobs Private -- Gmernment 1
Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations
1
32 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
1 38. Wage Growth, by Sector
1 $60,000 7%
$50,000 — 6% m
c A
cc
3 $40,000 — — 5% 0
— 4% aa)
E $30,000 — a
I co 3%
a) $20, 000 0
II -------. — 2% m
1 a $10,000 — — 1% v
$0 1 1 1 I 0%
1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
■ Private Sector ■Go\emment
1 --Wage Increase, Private —N —Wage Increase, Go4emment
Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations
1
39. Per Capita Personal Income 40. Income Inequality
1 $30,000 0.6 20%
829,000 0.5
15% S
1 _ 0 0.4 :-
828,000 .---- F
1 0.3 e • 10% w
$27,000 - _ c
5 0.2 L"
1 r
-5%
$26,000 0.1 w
0%
$25,000 0 0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2005 2006 2007
1 • Per Capita Income • Gini Ratio O % of Families below Poverty Level
Notes: The Gini coefficient measures income inequality from 0 to 1. 0 = perfect equality, with every household
earning the same amount, and 1 = extreme inequality, with only one household in the community earning anything.
1 Sources: The State of Hawaii Data Book; American Community Survey, US Census.
1
1
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 33
1
1
1
41. 2000 Location of Homes, Jobs 42. 2007 Data: New Homes and Jobs
70,000 2.50 14,000 5.00 1
60,000 —
— 2.00 12,000 —
o -4.00
50,000 — 0 10,000 — I 1
1.50 0
Lo 40,000 — .50 w 8,0 — — 3.00
o o
30,000 — — 1.00 1 2 6,000 — 1 1 — 2.00 • m
20,000 — -, 1
— 0.50 4 — — 1.00
10,000 ■ 111,— 2,000
0 o a a a �araao c
Q 'C � � ra4 -o''5 �0 *- mo o ` (2,0001,4'4' ,ZO e . , 46 e c3 .T d � -:, ( 1.00 )
?- 5 5 a a � � s . y . cP
5
1
Jobs (Place of Work) —.--Ratio of Jobs /Homes I■ New Jobs —.— Ratio, New Jobs to New Owner -Occupied Housing
Sources: US Census 2000 US Census, County Business Patterns, and Real I
Property database (download from Hawaii
Information Service, Inc.)
Notes: These tables draw on different data sets, so the numbers and ratios in one table are not fully comparable to
I
those in the other. The pattems in the two can be compared. The data will not permit "before and after" comparison
of 2000 data with more recent data until 2010 census results are compiled.
1
43. Visitor Arrivals (Air and Cruise) 44. Average Visitor Count 1
2,500,000 30,000 20%
29,000 19%
1
2,000,000
28,000 18%
Y
1,500,000
c, 27,000 17 %
re
1,000,000 < 26,000 16% t_° t
25,000 15% a
500,000 — —
24,000 . 14%
23,000 13%
1
2005 2006 2007 2008 2005 2006 2007 2008
• Domestic (by air) • International (by air) 0 Cruise iiisitors I • Ausrage Visitor Count (air only) • AVC/Resident Population
Source: DBEDT, Annua/ Visitor Research Report Source: DBEDT, Annual Visitor Research Report 1
1
1
1
1
34 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
45. Annual Visitor Spending
1 $1,800 $180
$1,750 $175
$1,700 $170 13 !
$1,650 $165 c
o
to $1,600 $160 v
o $1,550 $155 Q.
1 $1 $150 Q
$1,450 $145
I $1,400 $140 2
$1,350 $135 c
1 $1,300 $130
2005 2006 2007 2008
1 I m• Total Visitor Spending —•--Daily Spending
Source: DBEDT, Annual Visitor Research Report
1
46. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism
1 100% —
—
90
I 80% --*
70% -- „40
•
60%
- a
1 50% ---s 40%
30%
1 20%
10%
1 0%
2005 2006 2007 2009
1 • Benefit to Island —s— Run for Tourists
Notes: Lines measure (a) agreement with "Overall, tourism has brought more benefits than problems to
I this island;" and (b) agreement with "This island is being run for tourists at the expense of local people."
Source: Surveys conducted for Hawaii Tourism Authority
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 35
1
47. Agricultural Operations
3,000 -
2,500 �–
1
2,000 '
1,500 –
1,000
• • •
•
500 - -- -- - -- - — - -
2004 2005 2006 2007
[_._Farm acreage (1000s) —Paid Workforce
1
Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book
48. Agriculture Sales Value
- 250 - 1
200
1
in
0 150
7 100
50
1
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 '
• Crops • Livestock
Notes: See Tables for details on sales values of major crops.
Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book
36 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
49. Organic Agriculture
I 120 - -- - - -- - -- 2,500
1 100
2,000
1 80
1,500
60 m
1 a 40 1,000 Q
1 20 500
1 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
• Certified Producers • Certified Farm Acreage
I Notes: Data are from one certifying agency; some farmers may be certified by other agencies.
Source: Hawaii Organic Farmers Association
1 50. Film Production Revenues in Hawaii County
1 $25
1 $20 - -- - -
S $15
I o
E $10 - —
1
$5
1 $0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1 To Film Revenues
1 Source: Department of Research and Development
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 37
1
1
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
Hawaii Island's economy rests on a mixture of tourism, agriculture, astronomy and other industries. 1
Employment increased much more in the public sector than in the private sector until 2007, when job
growth trends converged at about 2% per year. The recent economic downturn began impacting Hawaii
County employment in 2008, when most industries experienced job losses, but the health, education, and
government sectors created new jobs in 2008. Government wages have been higher, on average, than
private sector wages. Wage increases in both have declined recently, but the rate of growth remains
higher in government.
Through 2007, personal income grew, and income inequality and poverty rates dropped in 2007.
County policy encourages the creation of affordable housing near job centers. In 2000, there were 1.34
jobs per occupied housing unit, but the ratio varied from 0.1 jobs /home (in North Hilo and Ka'u) up to 2.3
in South Hilo. More recent data — job creation through 2007 and new homes (built 2000 -2007) registered
as owner - occupied — show much the same distribution as in 2000. New job creation has been strongest
in South Hilo and North Kona.
The number of visitors to Hawaii Island was stable from 2005 through 2007 but dropped significantly in 1
2008, reflecting both the reduction in cruise ship visits and the recent economic downturn. In that time,
the resident population has grown. Hence, the ratio of visitors to residents has declined. Visitor spending
increased from 2005 to 2007, and the drop in daily spending in 2008 wasn't as significant as the decline
in visitors.
Residents' attitudes toward tourism are improving. Surveys consistently show that a majority of Hawaii
Island residents think that tourism benefits the island's people. Many feel, however, that the island is
being run more for tourists than for local people.
Agriculture supports more than 2,500 jobs in Hawaii County as well as work for many self - employed
farmers. The value of agricultural products from the County has been declining, though livestock
revenues are up. Organic agriculture is an example of the island's diversified agricultural base.
Film revenues in Hawaii County spiked in FY 2008 and jumped even higher in 2009. However, these 1
revenues depend on short-term projects, so they may not lead to a continuing trend.
Limited information is available about the number of businesses and the volume of business in the
County. The Census indicates that 4,364 business establishments were active in Hawaii County in 2007,
an increase of 11.1% over 2004.
1
1
1
1
1
38 Hawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
DEVELOP AND PROTECT THE COMMUNITY
General Plan Sections: Flooding and Natural Hazards, Housing, Public Safety, Recreation
The construction of housing is an essential contributor to business, industry and employment.
I ... The placement or settlement patterns of... residential lands and the form of housing are major
influences on the environment and aesthetic setting of the island.
.. Adequate housing is one of the primary factors that provide a person a sense of satisfaction and well
being. For most families it is a major expenditure of the household income and represents, in varying
degrees, long term commitments to a place and /or community. In turn, these commitments contribute to
a community's sense of well being and stability.
General Plan, page 9 - 1
' Recreation provides an avenue for the fulfillment of social, cultural, physical and educational needs of
people through leisure experiences.
Ideally, all residents should have convenient access to the most popular recreation facilities, such as
' playgrounds, gymnasiums, swimming pools, and multi purpose community centers.
General Plan, page 12 -1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 39
1
1
1
Flooding and Natural Hazards 1
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Protect human life and man -made improvements from flooding, earthquakes, volcanic activity, 1
and fire. [5.2]
Indicators 1
51. Civil Defense: Emergency Events
120 1
100
80
cu 60
40
■
20 ■ -
- 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
• Brushfire • Earthquake 0 Flooding p Hazardous Material
• High Surf • High Wind • Tropical Cyclones _ J
Notes: Volcanic activity and drought are both "ongoing" in Hawaii County and not counted as separate events. 111
Source: Civil Defense Agency
Community Preparedness: As of November 2009, 15 communities have Community Emergency Response
Teams (CERT), and 2 more are in the process of obtaining team status. CERT is a Citizen Corps Program
under FEMA administered locally by Hawai`i County Civil Defense with instruction by the Hawaii Fire
Department. These 15 community teams are ready to support County personnel in responding to
emergencies and disasters where needed. In Hawaii County, 282 graduates have completed the CERT
training, and 202 are listed as members of a CERT.
In 2009, the County also established the City Watch mass notification and Talisman text messaging
systems.
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
Hawaii County deals with significant emergencies and continuing threats (drought, volcanic eruption)
every year. The County's response includes not only the work accomplished by the Civil Defense Agency,
supported by the rest of the administration, but also volunteer efforts throughout the island.
1
40 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
Housing
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Create viable communities with affordable housing and suitable living environments [9.2.(d)]
o Make affordable housing available and in reasonable proximity to employment centers [9.2 (h)]
Indicators
52. Housing Units and Occupied Units
90,000
80,000
1 70,000
60,000
1 50,000 --
40,000 - --
1 30,000
20,000 _.. _
1 10,000 —
0
2005 2006 2007 2008
• Occupied Units • Housing Units
Source: US Census, American Community Survey
Y
1
1
1
1
1
Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
41
1
1
1
53. New Housing Built and Authorized
4,000 1
3,500
3,000 I
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000 , . .
500
1
III 1 11
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
• New Units Built • Net New Authorizations
Source: Departments of Finance (Real Property Tax Division) and Data Systems 1
54. Housing Sales on Multiple Listing Service 1
4,500
4,000 1
3,500 -
3,000 -- -- 1
m 2,500 -
To 2,000 1
1,500
1,000 — 1
500 —
r 1 1 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
• Single Family • Condominium 1 1
Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book and the County Data Book
1
1
42 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
•
1
L
1
1 55. Annual Median Prices on Multiple Listing Service
P n9
I $450,000 -
$400, 000
1 $350,000
w $300,000
. $250,000
c
ii $200,000 - --
2 $150,000 _
$100,000 -- - _
1111 $50,000 --
$ 1 i
1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
_.— Single Family —Condominium
I Source: DBEDT, The State of Hawaii Data Book
i 56. Volume and Share of Units Sold at Affordable Prices
5,000 40%
1 4,500 —
4, — thti — 35% 0 cn
3,500 000 — — 30% to
3,000 — — 25% c
e a 2, 500 — .
— 20%
0
2,000 —
1,500 — — 15% a
1,000 — 10%
500 — — 5% r
I - 0%
2005 20 06 2007 2008 2009
R Fiscal Year
f>• Housing Sales Number Affordable under 80% of median
Imli 1 Number Affordable, 80% to 120 of median —.--Share Affordable under 80% of median
Share Affordable, 80% to 120 of median
Source: Calculated using Finance Department data (Real Property Tax Division)
,.
Hawar r County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
�3' P 43
1
•
57. Use of Housing Units: Owner-occupant g
1 •
p t Umts
75.0% 1
70.0% - 1
65.0 % -
60.0% —
1
55.0%
50.0% 1
2005 2006 2007 2008
--.--% of housing units owner- occupied 1
Source: American Community Survey, US Census 1
58. Affordable vs. Average Housing Prices
$450,000 — — 90% 11
$400,000 — — 80%
$350,000 — — 70%
II
$300,000 — — 60%
$250,000 — — 50%
1
$200,000 — — 40%
$150,000 — — 30%
$100,000 — — 20% 1
$50,000 — — 10%
$0 1 1 I 1 , 0% 1
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
--a— Price Affordable at Median Income
--.— Average Price of Single Family Housing Sold on MLS
--A—Ratio, Affordable to Average Price
Sources: Office of Housing and Community Development and The State of Hawaii Data Book 1
111
44 1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1 59. Portion of Income Spent on Housing
pe us ng
1 100%
90% -
II 80% -
70% -
60% -
I 50% -
40% -
30% -
20% -
10% -
1 0%
2005 2006 2007 2008
1 • Share of Mortgaged Units, Household Pays 30% or More of Income for Housing
• Share of Rented Units, Household Pays 30% or More of Income for Rent
$ Notes: Mortgage lenders have in the past expected homebuyers to pay up to about 30% of income on housing. The
households counted here are hence devoting a large share of their income to cover housing costs.
Source: American Community Survey, US Census
1 60. Homeless Population
I 1600 -
1400
1
c 1200
a
5 1000
I
Q 8 00
u)
0 600
a 4
I 200
0 1
2005 2007 2009
• Unsheltered • Sheltered
I Notes: Data are not collected annually.
Source: Point -in -time counts conducted for Office of Housing and Community Development
Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 45
1
1
1
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives 1
Since the peak in 2005, housing construction and sales have been on the decline. New units built
annually amounted to 1.8% of total units in 2008, down from 3.4% in 2005. (Annual population growth
in that period averaged 2.2 %.) Since the peak in 2006, housing prices have also declined. A much
greater percentage of homes were sold at affordable prices in recent years, though home ownership is
still beyond reach for many. Many families also pay a large share of their income for housing, with the
majority of households spending more than 30% of their income on housing. The homeless population
declined between 2005 and 2009.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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46 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1 Public Safety
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
I o Meet accepted public safety level of service standards, notably:
• Number of police officers per 1,000 resident population
I • Fire stations within five miles of concentrated settlement areas'
• First response emergency medical service within eight minutes of concentrated settlement
areas. [10.3.3]
o Stations in outlying districts shall be based on the population to be served and response time.
I [10.3.2 (e)]
o Encourage the further development and expansion of community policing. [10.3.2 (g)]
I Indicators
61. Police Personnel
1 450 _- - - -- -- — - - - -- -- 2.75
— 2.70
1 400 — — 2.65
2.60
c 350 -- I — 2.55 o
c
v — 2.50
Ce
a 300 — — 2.45
— 2.40
250 — 2.35
— 2.30
1 200 -
2.25
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
III Fiscal Year
i mlSwom Personnel +Officers /1,000 Residents
i Source: Police Department
1
1
1 1 There is no generally accepted definition of "concentrated settlement areas," and fire stations are located
both to provide service quickly to densely settled areas and to offer coverage throughout the island.
I Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
47 i
1
1
1
62. New Police Hires
40 1
35
1
30
25 1
20
15 1
10 — 1
5 -
11
- I 1 1 1 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Source: Police Department 1
63. Crime Statistics: Part 1, Part N Crimes/1,000 Population 1
10,000 120.00
9,000
1
8,000 100.00
7,000 80.00
T 1
6, 000 y
E 5,000 60.00 g
6 4,000 ce
3,000 111111 ■ Ill 40.00 1
2,000 • •
1,000 ■
• is • 20.00
- 1
2005 2006 2007 2008
Fiscal Year 1
Part 1 crimes Part 2 crimes 1
- -Part 1 (per 1,000 residents) — —Part 2 (per 1,000 residents)
Notes: Part I crimes include violent crimes; Part 2 crimes include robbery, theft, drug crimes. 1
Source: Police Department
1
48 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
64. Criminal Investigations: Number and Clearance Rate
I 9,000 - 80%
8,000 — — 70%
I co 7,000 — — 60%
G 6,000 — r'
a )
m
5,000 — — 50% P.
I 1 4,000 — — 40%
as
3,000 — — 30% m
2,000 — e — 20% 0
1,000 — — 10%
I 0%
1
2004 2005 2006 2007
mil investigations
1 --Robbery (rate) —6—Burglary (rate) —m— Theft /Auto Theft (rate)
Source: Police Department
1 65. Community Policing
I 100
90
80
1 70 — -
60
1 50
40
30 —
111 20
10
_
I 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
1
• Positions • Active Neighborhood Watch Groups
I Notes: Neighborhood Watch groups existed in earlier years but were not counted annually.
Source: Police Department
1
1
Hawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 200
�' P � 2009 49
1
1
1
66. Firefighters
500 3.0 1
450
400 0 1
r '� 2.0 to
350 I in m
t 300 ;;
1
.
t 250 1.0 d L
200 L
1
1
50
100 -
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 1
Fiscal Year
ii■ Firefighters Positions Firefighters /1,000 Residents 1
Notes: Firefighters = positions budgeted. 1
Source: Fire Department
67. New Firefighter Hires 1
50 1
45
40 — — 1
35 --
30
25 - — — I
20 --
15 1
10
5 1
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year 1
Source: Fire Department 1
1
50 Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
68. Volunteer Firefighters: Companies and Volunteer Personnel
1 30 350
25 300
d 20 I 250 1 4 2 )
I Q 15 200
E 1 50 0
0 10 0
100
1 5 50
0 0
1 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
1 rlmo Volunteer Companies Volunteers
Source: Fire Department
69. Fire Department Response Volume
1 25,000
1 20,000 -
1 i
15,000
g
I is
2 10,000
E
I Z
5,000
1
0 1 1
I 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
1111 • Fire ■ EMS /Rescue 0 Hazardous Materials • Others
Source: Fire Department
1
Hawai `i County eneral Plan Annual Report, 20
rY p 2009 51
1
1
1
70. Fire Department Average Response Time
20.0 - 111
15.0 - 1
10.0 ■ • •
5.0 - - —
1
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1
Fiscal Year
Fire —r•— Emergency Medical - -Other
Source: Fire Department
71. Fire Inspections (Volume of Fire Prevention Activity)
2,500
2,000 y
0 1, — —
a
m
y 1,000
0 -
c
500 500 1
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
• Building Occupancy • Fire Protection Equipment
Source: Fire Department 1
1
1
52 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
72. Beach Safety Activity
ty
1 450 - 60000
400 x x - 55000
1 Q 350 50000 v,
N -- 45000 c
o
it 300 -- - 40000
0 250 35000 Q
N 200 - - - 30000 >
cu I - 25000
I 150 -
in
0 100 i 20000 c a.
-15000 •
50 10000
- 5000 ill
1 J II 0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1
® Water Safety Officers (FTE) 1 Persons Rescued
'— Preventive Actions --A– Major First Aid Given
L N otes: Preventative Actions are personal, direct contacts made by Water Safety Officers with beach patrons to
correct behavior or prevent potential emergency incidents. These include warning patrons of hazardous conditions,
I advising patrons to refrain from water activities due to inadequate skill and ability for the conditions, and prohibiting
unsafe acts.
Sources: Departments of Parks and Recreation (through 2007) and Fire
Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
I Both the Police and Fire Departments depend on trained personnel with support from community
volunteers. Both departments have also been consistently adding to the ranks. Crime rates are declining.
1
1
1
1
1
I Hawai`i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
53
1
1
1
Recreation
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Provide facilities and a broad recreational program for all age groups, with special considerations
for the handicapped, the elderly, and young children. [12.3 (h)]
Indicators 1
73. County Recreation Facilities
60
50
40
30 •
20 I 1 j
•I
[_ L.I
2004 2005 2006
2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
Parks & Playgrounds ❑ Beach Parks o Gyms & Rec Centers • Pools ■ Tennis Facilities
Source: Department of Parks and Recreation 1
1
i
1
1
54 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
74. County Recreation Usage Indicators
2,500,000
2,000,000 -
1,500,000
t
0 1,000,000 - -- —
1 500,000 — — — —
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
• Pool Attendance ■ Ho'olulu Park Complex 0 Beach Attendance J
Source: Department of Parks and Recreation
Discussion of Trends and Related County initiatives
Both recreation resources and usage have been steady in recent years. Pool attendance numbers dipped
in 2008 because of pool closures for ADA improvements and construction.
1
1
1
1
1
1
Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
�' P � 55
1
1
1
Other Community Initiatives
Leading General Plan Goals, Policies, and Standards
o Create viable communities with affordable housing and suitable living environments [9.2.(d)]
o Establish a system of services in Hawaii County to enable older persons to reach and maintain
the highest level of dignity, independence and personal well -being [Office of Aging Mission
Statement]
Indicators
75. County Spending on Selected Community Initiatives
$3,000,000 $250,000 1
$2,500,000 — — :::::: i —
j $1,500,000 $100000 c
$500,000 — — $50,000 a
co
$0 1 1 1 I $0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
Community Development Block Grant Now Workforce Investment Act Program 1
Healing Our Island Grants
Notes: CDBG funds are disbursed by the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development to address housing
and some other social needs. Similarly, WIA funds come from the federal government and are distributed throughout
the Country. The Healing Our Island grants address a range of community needs and are made in response to
applications from community groups. The funding for these grants was created by the State Legislature.
Sources: Office of Housing and Community Development, Department of Research and Development
1
1
1
56 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
76. Elderly Population
1 30,000
1 25,000
1 20,000
c 1 1
o
uu)i 15 000 1 al
1 a - -- -
10,000 -
1 5,000
1 0 ,
2005 2006 2007 2008
•65 to 74 Years ®75 to 84 Years • 85 Years or More
Source: US Census, American Commu nity Survey
1 77. Elderly Living with Limitations
Il 14,000 100%
12,000 — — 90%
' — 80% ,.
I 1 0,000 — 70%
N '�
o
1 8,000 — It IL IL —60% 2
I - 50% 'a
N ca
V. 6,000 — — 40%
4,000 — — 30% .§
1 2,000 — — 20%
— 10%
1 0 , 1 I ■ 0%
2005 2006 2007 2008
• 65 to 74 Years • 75 to 84 Years
• 85 Years or More
• Share with a Disability
1 Source: US Census, American Community Survey
1 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
P 57
1
1
1
78. Persons Served through Kupuna Care and Case Management
900 1
800
700 1
600
in
c 500
m 400
a.
300 I Im ilE Mil M
200
100
0 1
2005 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
i Kupuna Care Clients • Case Management Clients
Notes: The Office of Aging has programs for a wide range of clients. The programs tracked here serve clients facing
challenges to independent living. Data have not always been collected annually.
Source: Office of Aging
79. Senior Volunteers in Office of Aging Programs
9 09 rams
2,000 - 1
1,900
1,800
1,700
1,600 I
1,500
2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
• Senior Volunteers
Source: Office of Aging 1
1
58 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
1
1
1
1 Discussion of Trends and Related County Initiatives
Senior citizens make up an increasing share of the County population (from 12.9% in 2005 to 14.2% in
1 2008). The Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism estimates that, by the year
2010, every 5th person in Hawai'i County will be 60 years or older.
' The elderly population with disabilities affecting them in everyday living has also grown. The County
responds through a range of programs, providing case management, meals, and other services. The
number served in programs is growing but is only a small share of the total population with one or more
disabilities.
Seniors contribute as well as receive services, and the Office of Aging attempts to work creatively with a
complex population, not just provide services. The County opened the Aging and Disability Resource
' Center in 2009 and will continue to use it to establish a "one stop shop" entry point to all long term care
services.
1
1
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1
1
1
1
1
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Hawaii County General Plan Annual Report, 2009 59
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60 Hawai `i County General Plan Annual Report, 2009
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TABLES
I .1. Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation
I 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Annual acquisition for program 236
Cumulative 0 0 236 236
I Period: FY
Units; Acres
Notes: Only lands acquired by county in this program are counted.
Source: Finance Department
2. Is/andwide Water Demand
1 3. Water Demand, Hawaii Is /and Aquifers
Zoning Demand GP Demand
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Estimated
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Current Use without Ag with Ag without Ag with Ag
(without Ag) irrigation irrigation irrigation irrigation
Aquifer Sector Areas
Kohala 2.4 9 174 40 208
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East Mauna Kea 2.9 8 378 25 405
,I West Mauna Kea 8.5 14 151 52 187
Northeast Mauna Loa 7.0 26 107 119 203
I Southeast Mauna Loa 1.3 4 148 14 159
Southwest Mauna Loa 2.7 1 123 18 143
Northwest Mauna Loa 8.0 11 18 82 89
Kilauea 4.8 5 95 36 127
I Hualalai 17.2 43 115 207 282
Total 54.8 121 1,309 593 1803
Units: All figures are millions of gallons of water per day (MGD).
Notes: Figures 2 and 3 present islandwide and aquifer -level data from the same source.
Current water use is estimated for 2010. General Plan use is projected for full
development of areas identified in the General Plan land use maps. Irrigation for
I
agriculture is singled out because data on current and reasonably likely use are not yet
available.
Source: Department of Water Supply
4. Ocean Water Quality: Enterococcus Levels
1 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Onekahakaha 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Hilo (Canoe Beach) 4.9% 7.9% 5.0% 2.7% 1.1%
1 Kahalu'u Beach Park 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% 0.0% 1.2%
Anaeho'omalu Bay 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
0.0% 2.7%
Kamakahonu B 5.3% 2.7% 0.0% 4.0% n/a
Period: FY
1
Units: CFU = Colony Forming Units. 104 CFU per 100 ml indicates high bacterial counts.
Notes: Share of samples drawn in the course of a year over 104 CFU per 100 ml.
Source: State Department of Health
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5. Air Quality: Annual Sulfur Dioxide Counts 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Puna
Mean n/a 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002
Maximum n/a 0.19 0.03 0.07 0.04
Days > Standard n/a 0 0 0 0
Hilo
Mean 0.003 0.004 0,003 0.004 0.005
Maximum 0.16 0.28 0.17 0.21 0.74
Days > Standard 0 0 0 0 1
Kona
Mean 0.003 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.009
Maximum 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.12
Days> Standard 0 0 0 0 0
P ela ..
M ,
Mean n/a n/a nla n/a 0.07
Maximum n/a n/a n/a n/a 1.00
Days > Standard n/a n/a n/a n/a 19
Period: FY 1
Units: Parts per million (ppm)
Notes: Standard = to not exceed .5 ppm in a 3 -hour reading
Source: State Department of Health 1
6. Solid Waste: Tonnage to Landfill; Diversion from Landfill
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 I
Tons Collected 239,182 281,688 300,759 290,950 296,527 247,750
Tons to Landfill 201,806 225,267 223,026 221,854 210,030 172,431
Tons Diverted 37,375 56,422 77,734 69,096 86,497 75,319
Share Diverted 15.6% 20.0% 25.8% 23.7% 29% 30%
De Facto Population 177,120 184,837 189,533 191,537 192,691 n/a
Tons Diverted per Capita 0.21 0.31 0.41 0.36 0.45 n/a
Period: FY 1
Units: Tons -
Notes: Only residential waste is diverted; commercial haulers bring other waste directly to 1
landfill.
Source: Department of Environmental Management
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7. Tonnage Recycled (by Selected Commodities)
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
I Greenwaste 17,669 34,217 48,290 37,894 45,553 37,598
Metal 13,715 11,767 17,367 15,634 24,308 19,227
Tires 168 193 353 349 440
Paper 3,849 6,230 5,904 6,758 6,513 6,247
I Plastics 22 196 548 1,008 1,002 1,099
Grease 247 247 246 322 246 137
Glass 1,573 2,841 3,956 5,956 6,280 6,876
Mixed 370 827 654 1,822 2,960
I Recycling Centers 196 170 142 134 176 222
Household Hazardous Waste 53 86 117 141 97 111
Used Motor Oil Program 49 50 51 69 70 69
Electronic-Waste 78 87 165 77 326
_ Latex Paint 4 8 3 9
' Total 37,375 56,422 7-7,734 69,096 86,497 75,321
Period: FY
1 Units: Tons
Source: Department of Environmental Management
1 8. Water Quality Measurements Downgradient from Hilo Landfill
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
I Average of 3 Average of Average of Average of Average of
wells 3 wells 8 wells 8 wells 8 wells
Volatile Organic Compounds 0.1 45.9 1.4 0.4
Total Dissolved Solids 371.3 291.3 383.6 310.0 336.3
Alkalinity 44.8 72.7 57.5 43.1 35.6
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Period: CY
Units: . Micrograms per liter
I Source: Department of Environmental Management
9. HI - -5 Beverage Container Collection Rate
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2006 2007 2008 2009
Tons Recycled 5,361 6,665 7,431 7,620
Participation Rate 77.4% 79.9% 89.8% 96.6%
Period: FY
I Units: - Tons
Notes: Participation rate based on survey of consumers, not count of items. The State tracks
statewide container redemption rates. Using those rates, the Department of
Environmental Management estimates County redemption rates.
1 Source: State Department of Health, Department of Environmental Management
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10. Effluent Reuse 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Effluent Reused 7,018,900 1,638,400 7,852,100 7,771,900 6,126,400 7,300,000 1
Period: FY ,
Units: 1,000 gallons
Source: Department of Environmental Management
.11. Hawaii Island's Greenhouse Gas Emissions
1990 2007 1
Energy 1.43 2.07
Industrial Processes 0.01 0.08
Waste 0.07 0.14
Ag /Forest (sources) 0.52 0.48
Ag /Forest (sinks) -1.55 -1.73
Reported total 2.02 2.78 1
Period: Two baseline years
Units: Millions of tons of CO2 equivalent
Notes: Energy combines energy generation, transportation. Ag /forest = agriculture, forestry,
land use. Reported total does not include sinks.
Source: ICF International Draft Report to State Greenhouse Gas Task Force, 2008 1
12. Invasive species Control: Coqui Control Efforts
2006 2007 2008
Acres Treated 981 2,250
Acres Infested (estimated) 7,000 24,000
Period: FY for treatment ,
Units: Acres of land
Notes: Data on treatment available at district level
Sources: Island Invasive Species Committee (treatment), Hawaii Invasive Species Council
1 (estimated infestation)
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13. Electric Power Consumption and Capacity
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2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
I Power Sold (MWh) 1,082,807 1,116,487 1,148,761 1,162,684 1,141,030
• Resident Population 159,865 164,462 169,061 172,547 175,784
Average Power /Resident
(kWh) 6.77 6.79 6.79 6.74 6.49
1 System Peak(MW) 198.8 201.0 206.5 207.6 202.40
Period: CY
Units: Megawatts (MW); Megawatt hours (MWH); Kilowatt hours (kWh)
1 Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book
I 14. Share of Electric Power Produced from Renewable Resources
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Electric Power Sales 1,083 1,116 1,149 1,163 1,141
I From Renewable Sources
Biomass
Hydroelectric 37 • 40 56 42 33
Geothermal 211 221 212 230 215
I Wind 6 7 25 116 118
Subtotal 254 268 293 389 366
Share of Sales 23% 24% 26% 33% 32%
I Period: CY
Units: Million Kilowatt-hours
Notes: This table only includes power sold by HELCO and major producers.
I Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book
15. Sources of Renewable Electric Power
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2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Biomass
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Geothermal 211 221 212 230 215
Hydroelectric 37 40 56 42 33
Photovoltaic 2 2 2 4 11
I Wind 6 7 25 116 118
Total Renewab les 247 260 284 376 377
Period: CY
I Units: 1,000 Megawatt hours (MWh)
Notes: Photovoltaic is not in previous table.
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book
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16. Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Consumption
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 '
Gasoline 76,200 74,148 80,714 82,118 74,723
Diesel oil 39,526 20,784 25,123 28,744 23,531
Aviation fuel 24,223 27,612 29,791 32,722 26,154 '
Other fuel 33 46 29 10,291 26,879
Total • 139,982 122,590 135,657 153,875 151,287
De Facto 177,120 184,837 189,533 191,537 192,691
Consumption per Person
III Gallons /Person 790 663 716 803 785
Period: CY
Units: 1,000 gallons; gallons per person (de facto population)
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book
17. LEED Certified Buildings in Hawaii County 1
2009
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 (partial) ,
LEED Certified Buildings 1 1
Registered Buildings 1 6 3 7
Period: CY 1
Units: Building .
Notes: "Registered" buildings have been submitted for certification but have not yet gained it.
Once a building has been certified, it is no longer listed as "registered."
Source: Green Building Council
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18. EnergySTAR Homes in Hawaii County 1
Earlier 2008 2009
Built each year 128 100 19
Cumulative total 128 228 247
Period: FY (posted quarterly) 1
Units: Buildings
Notes: Buildings are listed by developer. ,
Source: EnergyStar.gov
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1 19. Capital Improvements Encumbrances
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
I New Construction $5.0 $2.0 $13.0 $13.0 $17.0 $81.3
Renovation $13.0 $26.0 $24.0 $17.0 $17.0 $33.9
Maintenance $0.0 $0.0 $3.0 $5.0 $3.0 $2.2
1 Period: FY
Units: Millions of dollars
Notes: Projects are listed in the year in which funds were initially authorized. If the County
I spends more on a project than was originally authorized, the additional cost is counted in
the original year.
Source: Department of Public Works; Department of Finance
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20. Debt Service
1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Long -term Debt $157.9 $182.2 $196.7 $269.3 $257.0 $291.0
I Debt Service: Interest $9.6 $8.7 $10.2 $10.3 $13.0 $12.8
Debt Service: Principal $12.8 $13.2 $14.1 $16.1 $17.0 $19.7
Total $22.4 $21.9 $24.3 $26.4 $30.0 $32.5
I Debt Service as %of
Noncapital Expenditures 10.7% 10.0% 9.4% 9.1% 8.9% 9.3%
Period: FY
1 Units:
Source: Millions of dollars
Department of Finance, 2009 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report
I 21. Public Water Consumption
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
I Deep Well Pump Production 10.66 10.86 10.83 10.58 10.31
Consumption 9.10 9.60 9.90 9.81 9.37
Accounts 38,844 39,585 40,681 41,089 41,209
I Period: FY
Units: Billion gallons
Source: County of Hawaii Annual Report and Data Book
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22. Water Quality.: County Drinking Water Systems
2005 2006 2007 2008 1
Haina 0.43 0.48
Hakalau 9.2 6.6 6.5 9.2
Halaula 21.8
Hilo
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7.6 7.4 7.72 - 7.75
Honomu 73 63 31 84
Kalapana 86 69 '
Kukuihaele 12 13 13
Lalamilo 59.5 56.3
Laupahoehoe •38 40 45 46
N Kohala 21 .8 22 '
• N Kona 83.75 53.13
Ninole 62 42 46 45
Niulii 47 20.5 35 23
Olaa -Mtn View 6.1 6.5 ,
Ookala 8.1 8
Paauilo 9.3 9.3
Pahala 4.63 4.9 4 3.6
Pahoa. 18 9.5 18
III
Papaikou 48.9 27.4 ' 44.05 25.83
Pepeekeo 8.7 - 8.8
S Kohala 9 9.3 9.1 9.05
S Kona 14.5 138.25 ,
Waiohinu - Naalehu 9.9 6.9 6.5 10.85
Total Systems Sampled 23 11 12 21
Number> 60 4 1 0 3
Number> 120 0 0 0 1
Share Safe to Drink 100% 100% 100% 100% ,
Share >60 17% 9% 0% 14%
Share> 120 0% 0% 0% 5%
Period: CY
Units: Parts per million (PPM) of sodium in water.
Notes: Some areas had more than one well. The average salt PPM of the wells was used to
report the general area's salt level. See notes to Figure 22 for explanation of sodium ,
levels.
Source: Department of Water Supply website, water quality reports
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23. Wastewater: County System
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2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Average Daily Flow (ADF)
I Hilo 2.76 2.89 2.99 2.86 3.17 n/a
Papaikou 0.10 0.10 0.14 0.10 0.12 n/a
Kulaimano 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.08 n/a
Kapehu 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 n/a
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Kealakehe 1.69 1.79 1.94 1.95 1.95 n/a
County System Totals 4.65 4.86 5.17 5.00 5.32 4.90
(ADF) per person (de facto) 26.26 26.32 27.26 26.08 27.59 n/a
I System Capacity
Hilo 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Papaikou 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35
I Kulaimano 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Kapehu 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Kealakehe 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30
1 Total Capacity 11.17 11.17 11.17 11.17 11.17 11.17
Period: FY
1 Units: Millions of gallons /day
Source: Department of Environmental Management
I 24. Road System
2005 2006 2007 2008
I Arterials 349.7 349.7 348.7 348.7
Collectors 241.6 241.5 241.4 241.4
Local Roads 793.8 796.0 796.2 801.2
Federal Lands Highways 87.1 87.1 87.1 87.1
Total 1,472.2 1,474.2 1,473.4 1,478.4
New Miles Bulk 1.1 2.1 6.5 5.1
I Period: FY
Units: Miles
Source: State Department of Transportation, Highways Division report prepared for Federal
' Highway Administration.
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25. Average Daily Volume of Traffic at Selected Spots
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
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Kekuanaoa St at Hilo Airport 12,834 12,992 12,990 13,759 n/a
Pauahi St at Bayfront 10,913 11,739 12,679 11,755 n/a
Palani Road at Harbor 14,117 10,871 13,385 10,705 n/a
Queen Ka'ahu man Hwy at
Airport 21,200 n/a 23,951 n/a 17,280
Ka'im inani Street n/a 6,557 5,743 n/a n/a 11 Kawaihae Road 8,836 n/a 8,443 n/a 8,305
Period: Annual counts
Units: Vehicles per day
Notes: Selection of sites based on ones for which both older intersection data and newer
segment data were comparable.
Source: State Department of Transportation
26. Major Traffic Accidents and Fatalities .
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 I
Crashes 2,517 1,800 1,586 1,352 954
Persons Killed 41 39 34 38 29
Period: CY
Units: Persons
Notes: 2008 data are preliminary, as of 3/1.1/2009
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book and Police Department data in the County Data Book
27 Motor Vehicle Registration and Drivers' Licenses 1
2005 2006 2007 2008
Registered Vehicles 162,721 167,119 172,403 171,134
Drivers' Licenses 119,741 122,087 125,063 127,456
1 Vehicles/licensed Driver 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.34
Period: CY
Units: Vehicles ,
Source: Department of Finance
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1 28. Mass Transit Ridership
2007 2008 2009
I Riders
Bus 644,474 719,805 800,000
Shared-ride Tab 83,204 98,556 111,000
1 Period: FY
Units: Persons for bus; vouchers for taxi
Source: County Annual Report and Mass Transit Agency
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29. County Bus Miles Traveled, and Passengers per Mile
i 2007 2008 2009
Passengers 644,474 719,805 800,000
I Miles Travelled
Passengers /Mile 1,279,421 1,403,290 1,570,000
0.50 0.51 0.51
Period: FY
I Units: Persons, miles
Source: Mass Transit Agency
1 30. Routes and Trails for Bicycles
2003
1 Signed Shared Roads 18,3
Bike Lanes 2,8
Shared Paths 6.3
I Period: Baseline year (report)
Units: Miles
1 Source: State Bicycle Master Plan
31. Zoning Changes Approved
1 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Zone Changes 31 27 22 15 9
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Acres Changed 867.28 1,223.68 1,107.04 447.47 72.30
Period: FY •
1 Units:
Source: Zoning actions, acres
Department of Planning
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32. Rezonings, FY 2005 through 2009: By District and by Resulting Zoning ,
2005-2009 Percent
Puna 15.1 0.4%
S. Hilo 1,002.7 28.3% '
N. Hilo 0.5 0.0%
Hamakua 34.5 1.0%
N. Kohala 51.4 1.4% ,
S. Kohala 567.4 16.0%
N. Kona 1,702.6 48.0%
S. Kona - 0.0%
1 Kau 172.1 4.9%
Total 3,546.3 100%
SF 115.3 3.3% 1
MF 68.1 1.9%
Res -Ag 357.6 10.1% ,
Com 37.0 1.0%
Ind 112.9 3.2%
Resort 1.2 0.0%
Agriculture 930.3 26.2% '
Mixed 1,742.9 49.1%
Open 182.0 5.1%
Total 3,547.3 100% 1
Period: FY .
Units: Acres II Notes: See figure for notes on grouping of zoning categories
Source: Planning Department
33. Change in Number of Tax Map Keys, 2004 -2009 1
2004 2009 % Change Condos Other New ,
Puna 56,544 56,459 -0.2% - -85
_ S. Hilo 19,981 20,603 3.1% 202 420
N. Hilo 1,454 1,404 -3.4% 3 -53 ,
Hamakua 3,850 3,598 -6.5% 4 -256
N. Kohala 3,241 3,356 3.5% 8 107
S. Kohala 9,009 10,850 20.4% 1,234 607
N. Kona 17,975 20,299 12.9% 998 1326 '
S. Kona 6,100 5,912 -3.1% -1 -187
Kau 16,727 16,727 0.0% - 0
County 134,881 139,208 3.2% 2,448 1,879 '
Period: FY
Units: TMK listings ,
Notes: TMKs are "parcels" and /or condominium units.
Source: Real Property Database, Finance Department
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I 34. Building Permits: New Residential Units
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Single Family(SF) 2,411 3,020 2,062 1,457 844
Muilti Family(MF) 593 519 425 103 393
Total 3,004 3,539 2,487 1,560 1,237
Period: FY
I Units: Housing units (not including hotels /motels)
Source: Generated by Data Systems Department with data from the Department of Public Works,
Building Division
1 35. Emp /oyment and Unemp /oyment Rates
1 2005 2006 2007 . 2008.
Unemployment Rate 3.3% 2.9% 3.4% 5.5%
Civilian Employment 78,550 81,950 82,850 81,850
1 Period: CY
Units: Persons
III Notes: Unemployment rate is calculated as a share of the civilian labor force, i.e., all those
persons with work or looking for work.
Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations website
1 36. Jobs by Industry
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
1 Natural Resources and Mining 4,450 4,850 5,500 5,800 5,350
Manufacturing 1,450 1,500 1,600 1,650 1,550
I Trade, Transportation, and Utilities 12,950 13,450 14,100 14,400 14,100
Financial Activities 2,500 2,600 2,800 2,850 2,700
Professional and Business Services 4,500 4,800 5,000 4,950 4,850
Educational and Health Services 6,550 6,800 7,050 7,300 7,500
I Leisure and Hospitality 13,400 13,950 14,450 14,750 13,800
Other Services 1,850 2,000 2,050 2,200 2,250
Government 11,450 11,600 11,950 12,200 12,750
Total 59,100 61,550 64,500 66,100 64,850
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Period: CY
Units: Persons
Notes: Agricultural workforce and self - employed not included
1 Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations website
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37. Annual Change in Jobcount 1
2005 2006 2007 2008
Non- Agricultural 4.19% 4.74% 2.53% -1.87%
Private 4.98% 5.14% 2.63% -3.30%
Government 1.31% 3.02% 2.09% 4.51%
Period: CY
Units: Percent
Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations website
38. Wage Growth, by Sector ,
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
1
Average Annual Wage
Private $28,950 $30,280 $31,488 $32,536 $33,267
Government $40,878 $43,406 $45,760 $48,020 $49,883 ,
Period: CY
Units: Dollars
1 Source: State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations website
39. Per Capita Personal Income
1
2004 2005 2006 2007
_ Hawaii County Per Capita $25,373 $27,147 $28,645 $29,702 1
Period: CY
Units: Current dollars
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book
40. Income Inequality 1
2005 2006 2007
Median household income $48,524 $55,390 $59,111 1
Gini Ratio 0.39 0.49 0.43
Poverty Level
Families (% below) 10.6% 11.5% 9.2%
Persons (% below) 13.2% 14.1 % 12.8% 1
Period: CY
Source: US Census, American Community Survey 1
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41. 2000 Location of Homes, Jobs
Jobs Homes Ratio of Jobs /Homes
I Puna 4,145 8,019 0.52
S. Hilo 34,065 15,141 2.25
N. Hilo 64 597 0.11
I Hamakua 647 1,316 0.49
N. Kohala 409 1,751 0.23
S. Kohala 7,926 4,648 1.71
I N. Kona 14,787 10,522 1.41
S. Kona 1,086 3,113 0.35
Ka'u 357 2,209 0.16
1 County _ 63,486 47,316 1.34
Period: 2000
I Notes: Homes = occupied housing units
Source: U.S. Census 2000
' 42. 2007 Data: New Homes and Jobs
New Jobs New Homes New Jobs/ New Homes
I Puna 1,114 2,058 0.54
S. Hilo 3,352 874 3.84
I N. Hilo (27) 45 (0.60)
Hamakua 185 92 2.01
N. Kohala 133 181 0.73
S. Kohala 1,915 1,011 1.89
1 N. Kona 5,270 1,875 2.81
S. Kona 953 227 4.20
Ka'u 60 413 0.15
1 County 12,955 6,776 1.91
Period: 2000 to 2007
I Units: "Homes" are owner- occupied units — not the occupied households in Table 41.
Source: US Census, County Business Patterns, download of real property data from Hawaii
Information Service, Inc.
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43. Visitor Arrivals (Air and Cruise) '
2005 2006 2007 2008
Visitor arrivals by air 1,521,537 1,597,057 1,622,359 1,321,277
Domestic - 1,173,629 1,272,618 1,305,218 1,026,048
International 347,907 324,439 317,141 295,229
Cruise visitors 312,812 404,931 488,531 256,268
Total 3,043,073 3,194,114 3,244,718 2,642,554 '
Period: CY
Source: State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism
44. Average Visitor Count 1
2005 2006 2007 - 2008
1
Average Daily
Census(air only) 27,768 28,011 27,891 24,842 '
Domestic 23,406 24,555 24,542 21,411
International 4,362 3,456 3,350 3,432
Resident Population 164,462 169,061 172,547 175,784 '
ADC /Resident Population 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.14
Period: CY
Notes: Average Daily Census = Average Visitor Count
Source: State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism
45. Annual Visitor Spending
1
2005 2006 2007 2008
Total Visitor Spending (air and cruise) $1,667 $1,652 $1,739 , $1,455
Daily Spending (air only) $163 $162 $166 $165
Period: CY '
Units: Millions $ (total); $ for daily spending per person
Source: State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism
46. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism '
2005 2006 2007 2009
II
Benefit to Island 66% 72% 73% 80%
Run for Tourists 52% 60% 55% 50%
Period: Frequent, not annual 1
Units: Share of respondents
Source: Hawaii Tourism Authority surveys ,
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47. Agricultural Operations
2004 2005 2006 2007
1 Farms 3,250 3,250 3,250 4,650
Farm Acreage (1000s) 820 820 820 680
Farm Workforce 2,700 2,500 2,650 2,500
I Period: CY
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book
I 48. Agricultural Sales value
1 2004 2005 2006 2007
Crops $143,972 164,772 $153,057 $140,618
I Livestock $30,416 30,253 $30,860 $32,583
Period: CY
I Units: Thousand $s
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book
1 49. Organic Agriculture
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
' Certified Farmers and
Producers 75 71 107 88 91
Certified Farm Acreage 668 2373 1697
I Period: Annual, based on January report to US Department of Agriculture
Source: Hawaii Organic Farmers Association
' 50. Film Production Revenues in Hawaii County
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1 Revenues (Million $s) - $4.3 $4.4 $3.4 $18.3 $19.9
Period: FY
I Units: Million $
Source: Department of Research and Development
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51. OW Defense: Emergency Events '
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
•
Brush( ire 8 18 6 17 10 6
Earthquake 9 5 6 5 3 1
Flooding 10 15 18 21 13 9
Hazardous Material 0 6 6 0 0 0
High Surf 42 28 28 34 22 23 '
High Wind 7 15 29 27 12 16
Tropical Cydones 0 0 3 2 2 0
Period: FY '
Units: Events
Notes: Notes: volcanic eruption and drought are continuous, not events
Source: Civil Defense Agency '
52. Housing Units and Occupied Units
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 1
Occupied Units 59,470 63,178 63,250 63,088
Housing Units 69,093 71,984 75,189 77,650 79,591 ,
Period: CY
Units: Single family or multifamily housing units
Source: US Census, American Community Survey
1
53. New Housing Built and Authorized
1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
New Units Built 1,964 2,446 2,125 1,806' 1,431 '
Net New Authorizations 3,049 3,004 3,539 2,487 1,560
Source: Departments of Finance (Real Property Tax Division) and Data Systems '
54. Housing Sales on Multiple Listing Service
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 1
Single Family 2,692 2,757 2,084 1,683 1,147 1,243
Condominium 1,081 1,166 750 519 371 327
Total 3,773 3,923 2,834 2,202 1,518 1,570
Period: CY '
Units: Houses sold
Source: The State of Hawaii and County Data Books
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1 55. Annual Median Prices on Multiple Listing Service
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Single Family $290,000 $385,000 $421,250 $395,000 $345,000
Condominium $275,000 $369,500 $426,498 $394,900 $369,000
I Period: Cy
Units: Dollars (current for reported year)
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book .
' 56. Volume and Share of Units Sold at Affordable Prices
I 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Sales 3,363 4,575 3,381 2542 1986
Number Affordable under 80% of Median 718 513 351 400 688
I Number Affordable 80% to 120 of Median 386 394 369 334 455
Share Affordable under 80% of Median 21.3% 11.2% 10.4% 15.7% 34.6% •
Share Affordable 80% to 120 of Median 11.5% 8.6% 10.9% 13.1% 22.9%
1 Period: FY
Units: Housing units; share of annual sales
Notes: Median income and hence affordable amount adjusted annually, per HUD and the Office
I of Housing and Community Development.
Source: Calculated using Finance Department data (Real Property Tax Division)
1 57. Use of Housing Units: Owner - occupant Units
2005 2006 2007 2008 '
' % housing units owner- occupied 67.2% 65.0% 68.4% 64.3%
I Period: FY
Units: Housing units
Source: US Census, American Community Survey
1 58. Affordable vs. Average Housing Prices
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
'
P rice Affordable at Median Income $195,900 $215,100 $226,200 $246,400 $266,700 •
Average Price of Housing Sold on MLS $290,000 $385,000 $421,250 $395,000 $345,000
Ratio, Affordable to Average Price 68% 56% 54% 62% 77%
'
Period: FY
Source: The State of Hawaii Data Book; US Department of Housing and Urban Development
' analysis of affordability published by Office of Housing and Community Development
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59. Portion of Income Spent on Housing ,
2005 2006 2007 2008
Share of Mortgaged Units, Paying More than 1
30% of Income 43.0% 40.1 % 45.3% 52.2%
Share of Rented Units, Paying More than 30%
of Income 35.2% 39.9% 48.4% 53.9%
Source: US Census, American Community Survey 1
60. Homeless Population 1
2005 2007 2009
Unsheltered 1049 1018 615 1
Sheltered 393 272 321
Source: FAQ Hawaii counts, for Office of Housing and Community Development 1
61. Police Personnel 1
2004 2005 / 2006 2007 2008 2009
Swom Personnel 413 428 429 430 432 415 ,
Residents 159,865 164,462 169,061 172,547 175,784
Officers Per 1,000 Residents 2.58 ' 2.60 2.54 2.49 2.46
Source: Police Department; The State of Hawaii Data Book '
62 New Police Hires 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Swom Personnel 413 428 429 430 432 415 II New Officers 19 22 35 28 34 34
Source: Police Department 1
63. Crime Statistics; Part I, Part II Crimes /1,000 Population
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 1
Part 1 Crimes 3,909 5,030 3,949 3,680 3,376
Part 2 Crimes 6,678 6,278 6,648 6,854
Part 1 / 1,000 Residents 24.45 30.58 23.36 21.33 19.21
Part 2 / 1,000 residents 40.61 37.13 38.53 38.99
Notes: Part I crimes include violent crimes; Part 2 crimes include robbery, theft, drug crimes. 1
Source: Police Department Uniform Crime Report, from State Department of the Attorney General
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' 64. Criminal Investigations: Number and Clearance Rate
I .. 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Investigations
Robbery 53 93 86 102 73
I Burglary 1,162 1,837 1,420 1,381 1,208
Theft/Auto Theft 4,767 5,970 4,896 4,538 4,286
Clearance Rate
' Robbery 47% 40% 29% 39% 34%
Burglary 16% 11% 18% 12% 11%
ThefUAuto Theft 19% 17% 22% 20% 23%
1 Source: Police Department Uniform Crime Report, from State Department of the Attorney General
I 65. Community Po /icing
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
I Positions (authorized) 20 17 15 15 16 29
Neighborhood Watch
Groups Active 94 93
I Period: FY
Notes: The Police Department supported but did not maintain annual counts of Neighborhood
Watch groups in past years.
' Source: Police Department
66. Firefighters
1 - 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Firefighter Positions 309 351 363 362 369 369
I Resident Population 159,865 164,462
2.13 169,061 172,547 175,784
Firefighters/1,000 Residents 1.93 2.15 2.10 2.10
Source: Fire Department
1
67. New Firefighter Hires
1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
New Firefighters 9 19 33 32 18 30
1 Notes: New hires = graduates of a recruit class.
Source: Fire Department
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68. Volunteer Firefighters: Companies and Volunteer Personnel ,
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Companies 24 24 22 24 24 '
Volunteers 341 341 220 225 225
Source: Fire Department
1
69. Fire Department Response Volume
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 _ 1
Responses
Fire 888 897 927 892 751
EMS /Rescue 13,671 14,946 15,503 16,098 15,099 ,
Hazardous Materials 215 252 260 287 239
Others 3,231 3,747 4,442 4,605 3,936
Period: FY '
Source: Fire Department
70. Fire Department Average Response Time 1
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Average Response Time 1
Fire 18.4 14.2 16.1 12.3 16.6
Emergency Medical 10.9 10.8 11.1 10.7 10.2
Other 11.1 12.4 14.1. 14.3 12.0 ,
Period: FY
Units: Minutes (minutes and seconds converted to minutes)
Source: Fire Department ,
71. Fire Inspections (Volume of Fire Prevention Activity) 1
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Inspections ,
Building Occupancy 624 741 1,648 1,281 - 1,014
Fire Protection Equipment 1,219 1,390 310 491 465
Period: FY
1
Source: Fire Department
1
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' 72. Beach Safety Activity
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
I Beaches Patrolled 10 10 10 10 10 10
Water Safety Officers (FTE) 32 32 32 32 35 39
Persons Rescued 231 295 187 396 193 287
Major First Aid Given 225 261 204 374 348 360
Preventive Actions n/a n/a Na n/a 55,682 56,195
Period: FY
I Notes: Preventative Actions are personal, direct contacts made by Water Safety Officers with
beach patrons to correct behavior or prevent potential emergency incidents. These
include warning patrons of hazardous conditions, advising patrons to refrain from water
I activities due to inadequate skill and ability for the conditions, and prohibiting unsafe
acts.
Source: Fire Department; Department of Parks and Recreation through 2007
1 73. County Recreation Facilities
1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Parks & Playgrounds 47 47 49 50 50 50
Beach Parks 29 29 37 39 42 42
I Gyms & Rec Centers 30 30 30 30 30 30
Pools 9 9 9 9 9 9
Tennis Facilities 20 20 20 20 20 20
Period: FY
'
Source: Department of Parks and Recreation
1 74. County Recreation Usage Indicators
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1 Beach Attendance 1,564,370 1,667,922
697,735 641,345 1,706,900 1,851,484 2,023,207 1,967,649
Pool Attendance - 583,922 596,820 571,229 724,394
Ho'olulu Park Complex 745,340 739,520 724,132 716,065 691,615 824,625
I Period: FY
Units: Visitors (counted per day)
Source: Department of Parks and Recreation
1
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75. County Spending on Selected Community Initiatives 1
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Programs 1
Comm. Dever. Block Grant $2,685,000 $2,797,603 $2,672,100 $2,417,268 $2,438,491 $2,656,351
Workforce Investment Act $2,308,907 $2,135,481 $1,739,387 $1,420,008 $1,184,707 $1,015,951
Healing our Island Grants $99,000 $104,895 $113,245 $193,602 $102,362 $173,470
Period: FY 1
Units: Dollars
Source: Office of Housing and Community Development, Department of Research and
1 Development
76. Elderly Population 1
2005 2006 2007 2008
Senior Population 1
65 to 74 Years 10,471 10,932 11,403 12,502
75 to 84 Years 9,079 8,788 9,299 9,425
85 Years and over 1,921 3,196 2,792 3,029 1
Source: US Census, American Community Survey
77. Elderly Living with Limitations 1
2005 2006 2007 2008 ,
Persons 65 and over with a
Disability 9,046 9,376 9,786 9,447
Share of Persons 65+ 42.1% 40.9% 41.7% 37.9% 1
Source: US Census, American Community Survey
78. Persons Served through Kupuna Care and Case Management 1
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 - 1
Persons Served
Kupuna Care 507 Na Na 771 792
Case Management 362 Na Na 523 532
Period: FY I
Notes: Programs selected as involving significant service to elders with disabilities
Source: Office of Aging '
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1 79. Senior volunteers in Office of Aging Programs
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Senior Volunteers n/a n/a n/a 1,774 1,763 1,871
Notes: Numerical data not available for years before FY 2007.
' Period: FY
Units: Persons
Source: Office of Aging
1
1
1
1
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1
1
1
1
1
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