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"Fracturing" or "cracking" means drawing council district lines so that a minority population is <br /> broken up and spread among as many council districts as possible, keeping them a minority in <br /> every council district, rather than permitting them to concentrate their strength enough to elect <br /> representatives in some council districts. <br /> "Gerrymander" means the process of drawing council districts with odd or bizarre shapes to <br /> create an unfair advantage. <br /> "Ideal council district's population" means the total number of the County's permanent residents <br /> divided by the number of council districts. <br /> "Minority population" means a group with similar demographics or characteristics that may <br /> share but not be limited to: ethnicity, political preferences, a socio- economic group, or a <br /> community of interest or community of common interest. <br /> "One person, one vote" means using a benchmark against which the residents of the County may <br /> measure democracy; the vote of each resident shall be as equally powerful as practicable and the <br /> population shall be divided as equally as practicable as to the County's permanent resident <br /> population so that each person and each interest has an equal amount of representation in <br /> government. <br /> "Packing" means drawing council district boundary lines so that the members of the minority <br /> population are concentrated, or "packed," into as few council districts as possible, resulting in a <br /> super- majority of that minority population in the packed council district. <br /> "Permanent resident" for census purposes means a person who is domiciled in the County for <br /> other than a temporary or transitory purpose. No person shall be deemed to have gained or lost a <br /> residence simply because of a person's presence or absence in compliance with military or naval <br /> orders of the United States, or while engaged in aviation or navigation, or while a student at any <br /> institution of learning. <br /> "Plan" means a redistricting plan proposed by the commission or any alternative plan submitted <br /> by the public. <br /> "Practicable" means reasonably capable of being accomplished, possible or feasible. <br /> "Redistricting" means establishing the boundaries of the council districts, which shall have <br /> approximately equal resident populations as required by applicable constitutional provisions. <br /> "Redistricting cycle" means that period of time when the United States Census Bureau conducts <br /> a census of the population of the United States of America in the census year followed by <br /> redistricting in the redistricting year, and culminates with the next general election following <br /> redistricting. <br /> "Region" means one of six geographical areas which includes: Puna, comprised of Upper and <br /> Lower Puna; Kona, comprised of North and South Kona; Kohala, comprised of North and South <br /> Kohala; Hilo, comprised of North and South Hilo; Ka`u; and Hamakua. <br /> "Socio- economic group" means a group that shares both economic and social characteristics. <br /> "Standard of fairness principles" means that the commission shall use honesty, morality, and <br /> fairness in its decisions regarding redistricting. <br /> 2 <br />