HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0000.000 2004-2006
STRATEGIC PLAN FOR SUSTAINING
AND REPLICATING THE KEA`AU
RECYCLING AND REUSE CENTER
Prepared by
Hawaii Island Economic Development Board
with assistance from
Rural Community Assistance Corporation
February 2004
STRATEGIC PLAN FOR SUSTAINING
AND REPLICATING THE KEA`AU
RECYCLING AND REUSE CENTER
February 2004
The preparation of this plan was funded in part by a grant from the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency; a solid waste management grant from
the Rural Community Assistance Program and the U. S. Department of
Agriculture, Rural Utilities Service; a rural community development
initiative grant from the U. S Department of
Agriculture and a grant from
the U. S. Department ofHealth and Human Services.
Printed on 30% Postconsumer Recycled Paper
Foreward and Acknowledgments
Rural Community Assistance Corporation (RCAC) is pleased to present this Strategic
Plan for Sustaining and Replicating the Kea `au Recycling and Reuse Center to Hawaii
Island Economic Development Boazd (HIEDB). As a partner in HIEDB's community
recycling project, RCAC is grateful for this opportunity to assist the County of Hawaii
with its waste diversion and transfer station enhancement programs.
Many individuals and organizations contributed to the development of this plan. Our
appreciation is extended to the following:
HIEDB
Paula Helfrich, President
Jacqueline Rossetti, Project Manager
County of Hawaii, Department of Environmental Management
Bazbaza Bell, Director of Environmental Management
Eileen O'Hora-Weir, Recycling Coordinator
Recycle Hawaii
Paul Buklazewicz, Executive Director
Nelson Ho, Project Director
HIEDB's Opala Recycling Enterprises Committee
Virginia Aste Eileen O'Hora-Weir
Elizabeth Barton Jon Olson
Bazbaza Bell Mazgazet Pahio
Paul Buklazewicz Shon Pahio
Mike Gleason David Robichaux
Susan Hamilton Jacqueline Rossetti
Paula Helfrich Rene Siracusa
Nelson Ho Jiro Sumada
Andy Levin Jay West
Our Funding Agencies
Rural Community Assistance Program, Inc.
U. S. Department of Agriculture
U. S. Department of Health and Human Services
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Others
The many individuals who provided input at strategic planning workshops and meetings.
Finally, a special Mahalo to Jimmy Naniole of Ke Kula `o Nawahiokalani `o Pu`u for
giving us a vision of wonderful possibilities!
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
I. INTRODUCTION 2
1.1 Definitions 2
1.2 About This Plan 4
1.3 Purpose of This Plan 4
1.4 Structure of This Plan 5
II. OVERVIEW OF THE KEA`AU PROJECT 6
2.1 Project Purpose and Funding Source 6
2.2 Project Organization and Planning 6
2.3 KRRC Operations 7
2.4 Accomplishments 8
2.5 Problems Encountered and Lessons Learned 10
2.6 Relationship to County Solid Waste System 14
2.7 Planned Improvements at KRRC 15
III. EXISTING SITUATION 16
3.1 Kea`au Transfer Station 16
3.2 Other Transfer Stations 16
3.3 Hilo Landfill 18
3.4 Reduction, Recycling, and Reuse 18
N. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 25
4.1 Goals and Objectives for Sustaining and Replicating the Kea`au Project 25
V. THE KEA`AU MODEL 27
5.1 The Model At A Glance 27
5.2 Classification of Existing Transfer Stations 28
5.3 Sites and Infrastructure -General 32
5.4 Community Enterprise Center 34
5.5 Deposit Container Redemption Center 40
5.6 Enterprise Zone 42
5.7 Mixed Rubbish and Household Recyclables Dropoff Zone 43
5.8 Greenwaste Dropoff Zone 47
5.9 Scrap Metals Dropoff Zone 50
5.10 Disaster Debris Dropoff Zone 52
5.11 Future of the Model 54
VI. ACTION PLAN FOR SUSTAINING AND REPLICATING THE MODEL....... 55
6.1 Introduction 55
6.2 Planning Phase 55
6.3 Pre-development Phase 59
6.4 Design Phase 61
6.5 Construction Phase 62
6.6 Operations Phase 68
APPENDIX A A-1
i
List of Tables
2.1 KRRC Monthly Tonnage and Costs 9
3.1 Transfer Station Characteristics 18
3.2 Population Served Per Rubbish Chute 19
3.3 Transfer Station Tonnage, FY 2000 - FY 2003 20
3.4 Average Annual Tonnage Received By Rubbish Chutes 21
3.5 Distances Between Transfer Stations 22
3.6 Transfer Station Rankings Based on Data FromTables 3.1 Through 3.5 23
5.1 NRC Features By Class 26
5.2 Transfer Station Rankings By Selected Criteria From Table 3.6 29
6.1 Pazcel Size Disparities 54
6.2 Transfer Station Enhancement Priorities 54
6.3 Potential Sources of Revenue 56
6.4 Budget Template for Conversion of Transfer Stations 57
6.5 Design Checklist 59
List of Figures
5.1 Proposed Neighborhood Recycling Centers 30
ii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Department of Environmental Management, County of Hawaii is in the process of
redesigning its entire solid waste management system. This initiative is in response to several
factors:
• An updated integrated solid waste management plan, completed December 1, 2002.
• Projected closing of the Hilo landfill within approximately one to two yeazs.
• Rising costs for solid waste management.
• Budget restrictions.
• Long-standing problems requiring immediate resolution.
This plan is intended to:
• facilitate integration of the Kea`au recycling and reuse center into the evolving County solid
waste management system;
• identify ways to sustain the Kea`au recycling and reuse center as a permanent part of the
County solid waste management system; and
• outline a process for creating a system of neighborhood recycling centers by replicating the
Kea`au model at other transfer stations.
Chapter II gives an overview of the Kea`au pilot community recycling and reuse project,
including its history, structure, accomplishments, and lessons learned. This plan was heavily
influenced by lessons Teamed during the Kea`au project.
Chapter III provides a brief overview of the current situation in all aspects of the county solid
waste management system. The chapter includes available data projecfions through yeaz 2020.
The data aze used in Chapter V to reclassify 21 existing transfer stations and one new facility.
Chapter IV establishes goals and objectives relative to completing, sustaining, and replicating the
Kea`au model. A key goal is to complete conversion of existing transfer stations within ten years.
Chapter V describes in detail the completed Kea`au model. The model was shaped by
experiences and lessons learned from the pilot project, as well as by input from community
residents. The model now encompasses a system of four classes of neighborhood recycling
centers (NRCs), each with a standard set of features. Chapter V describes in detail the physical
facilities, customer base, staffing, materials accepted, mazkets for materials collected, linkages to
community needs, operations policies and standazds, and disaster mitigation measures for each
class of NRCs.
Chapter VI is an action plan for completing and sustaining the Kea`au model, integrating the
model into the County solid waste management system, and adapting and replicating the model
island-wide. Chapter VI builds upon and synthesizes material in the previous five chapters.
1
I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Definitions
For purposes of this plan only, the following words, terms, and acronyms shall have the
meanings indicated.
1.1.1 Coun .The County of Hawaii.
1.1.2 County recycling and reuse center. A public facility which accepts a wide range of
household recyclable and reusable materials for processing and use on site,
donation to site users, or transport to a regional facility for processing and
disposition.
1.1.3 Customer. Any authorized user of a County transfer station, recycling and reuse
center, or other solid waste management facility.
1.1.4 Deposit beverage container. As defined in Section 342G-101, Hawaii Revised
Statutes: "The individual, sepazate, sealed glass, polyethylene terephtalte [sic],
high density polyethylene, or metal container less than or equal to sixty-four fluid
ounces, used for containing, at the time of sale to the consumer, a deposit
beverage intended for use or consumption in this State."
1.1.5 Greenwaste. Scrap plant materials, such as hedge and lawn clippings, tree limbs,
and brush. At the NRCs, acceptable materials must be no more than ten inches in
diameter, unless the County's contractor specifies otherwise. Greenwaste does not
include root balls, soil, or any non-vegetative matter.
1.1.6 HIEDB. The Hawaii Island Economic Development Boazd.
1.1.7 Household recyclables. Paper fibers (newspaper, cazdboazd, and various grades of
office and mixed paper), and containers (aluminum, glass, and plastics #1 and #2)
commonly discazded by residential households and small businesses. The County
uses atwo-stream recycling system (see Section 1.1.20 for definition) for
household recyclables, with a private contractor specifying the sort.
1.1.8 Kea`au pilot community recvcling_and reuse proiect (the project). A joint project
of the County and HIEDB, funded by a $400,000 wngressional appropriation
channeled through the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, which established
the Kea`au recycling and reuse center.
1.1.9 Kea`au model. The permanent neighborhood recycling center resulting from the
Kea`au pilot community recycling and reuse project.
1.1.10 Kea`au recyclin¢ and reuse center (KRRCI. A County recycling and reuse center
established at the Kea`au transfer station on Mazch 29, 2003.
2
1.1.11 Kea`au transfer station. One of 21 existing County transfer stations.
1.1.12 Mixed rubbish. A mixture of materials and items commonly discazded by
residential households and small businesses.
1.1.13 Neighborhood recycling center. A public facility which integrates the functions of
a transfer station and a County recycling and reuse facility. The term applied to
transfer stations upgraded to conform with the Kea`au model.
1.1.14 Recyclables taz~eted for local value-added cotta¢e industries. Materials tazgeted
by the County for diversion to local cottage industries manufacturing value-added
products. See Chapter V for a list of targeted materials.
1.1.15 Recycle Hawai `i. A non-profit educational organization whose mission is to
promote resource awareness and recycling on the Island of Hawaii.
1.1.16 Resource agency. Any agency with skills, knowledge, and resources the agency is
willing and able to make available to the County to facilitate implementation of
this plan.
1.1.17 Reusable household and office fiunishinQS. Furniture, appliances and electronics
equipment in working order, kitchen utensils, books, and other items commonly
found in residential households and small offices, all in new or serviceable
condition.
1.1.18 Reusable construction and demolition (C &D) materials. Dimensional lumber,
plywood, new unpainted gypsum wallboazd, roofing materials, doors, windows,
plumbing and electrical fixtures, cabinets, hand and power tools, and other
fixtures and materials commonly used in building construction, all in new or
serviceable condition. Reusable C & D materials does not include concrete, block,
or asphalt rubble.
1.1.19 Scrau metals. Recyclable metal items, including, but not limited to, lazge
appliances, bicycles, lawn mowers, cabinets, Furnture, tools, and sheet metal
roofing, free of oil, fuels, refrigerants, and other liquids.
1.1.20 Scrap vehicles. Discarded passenger motor vehicles, including automobiles,
pickup trucks, passenger vans, and sport utility vehicles, free of oil, fuels,
refrigerants, and other liquids.
1.1.21 Transfer station. A public facility, owned and operated by the County, accepting
mixed municipal solid waste from customers, for transport to a disposal facility.
Similaz to facilities known as public convenience centers in many jurisdictions.
1.1.22 Two stream recyclina. A recycling system in which standard household
recyclables aze sorted into two bins at collection centers or at curbside. Common
sort options include:
3
O tion Bin 1 Bin 2
1 Glass containers All other household rec clables
2 All containers (aluminum, glass, All paper fibers (newspaper,
plastic, tin) cazdboazd, office paper, mixed
a er
3 Deposit beverage containers Non-deposit beverage containers
and all a er fibers
1.1.23 White goods. A solid waste industry term for large appliances predominately
made of metal, such as refrigerators, stoves, washers, dFyers, and water heaters.
1.2 About This Plan
This plan focuses on principles, best practices, criteria, and standazds for designing,
constructing, and operating neighborhood recycling centers based on the Kea`au model.
The plan does not present or recommend any conceptual or engineering design for
upgrading any specific transfer station. Neither does the plan discuss or recommend
specific facility locations.
1.3 Purpose Of This Plan
The County's Department of Environmental Management is in the process of redesigning
its entire solid waste management system. This initiative is in response to several factors:
• An updated integrated solid waste management plan, completed December 1, 2002.
• Projected closing of the Hilo landfill within approximately one to two yeazs.
• Rising costs for solid waste management.
• Budget restrictions.
• Long-standing problems requiring immediate resolution.
This plan is intended to:
• facilitate integration of the Kea`au recycling and reuse center into the evolving
County solid waste management system;
• identify ways to sustain the Kea`au recycling and reuse center as a permanent part of
the County solid waste management system; and
• outline a process for creating a system of neighborhood recycling centers by
replicating the Kea`au model at other transfer stations.
1.4 Structure of This Plan
Chapter II gives an overview of the Kea`au pilot community recycling and reuse project,
including its history, structure, accomplishments, and lessons learned.
4
Chapter III provides a brief overview of the current situation in all aspects of the county
solid waste management system. The chapter includes available data projections through
yeaz 2020.
Chapter IV establishes goals and objectives relative to completing, sustaining, and
replicating the Kea`au model.
Chapter V describes in detail the completed Kea`au model, as shaped by experiences and
lessons learned from the pilot project and by public input. It covers physical facilities,
customer base, staffing, materials collected, markets for materials collected, linkages to
community needs, operations policies and standards, and disaster mitigation measures.
Chapter VI is an action plan for completing and sustaining the Kea`au model; integrating
the model into the County solid waste management system; and adapting and replicating
the model island-wide. Chapter VI builds upon and synthesizes material in the previous
five chapters.
5
II. OVERVIEW OF THE KEA`AU PROJECT
2.1 Project Purpose and Funding Source
The County and HIEDB were awazded a grant by the U. S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) to "establish and implement a community development model for
renewable resource management by upgrading solid waste transfer stations into
community recycling centers." The grant resulted from a congressional appropriation
initiated by U. S. Senator Daniel Inouye. The grant enabled establishment of the KRRC at
the Kea`au transfer station. The project began officially in February 2002, with the
KRRC opening to the public on Mazch 29, 2003.
2.2 Project Organization and Planning
The County was the grantee for this project. The County was responsible for oversight of
the project and financial management. HIEDB served as project manager, under contract
with the County. HIEDB was responsible for implementation of the scope of work,
including contracting for services, leasing equipment, and coordinating with key
stakeholders. HIEDB subcontracted with Recycle Hawaii to conduct a public education
program, operate the pilot KRRC, and produce a wnceptual site plan for a permanent
KRRC. HIEDB contracted with Rural Community Assistance Corporation (RCAC) to
produce this strategic plan, specifically including a cultural component, for the KRRC.
The project was organized into three components:
2.2.1 Development of a new model. Three tasks were included in this component:
• Design of the temporary recycling and reuse center.
• Identification of materials to be collected and their disposition.
• Production of conceptual drawings for a permanent KRRC.
2.2.2 Operation and evaluation of the new model. Since construction was not an
allowable activity under the EPA grant, the KRRC was developed as a temporary
facility to collect tazgeted recyclable and reusable materials. The objective was to
maximize collection of those materials during arsine-month demonstration, which
ended December 29, 2003. Recycle Hawaii implemented an extensive public
awazeness and involvement campaign in connection with the demonstration.
Results of the demonstration were measured, evaluated and reported.
2.2.3 Production of a strate~nlan. The planning component was included to address
long-term sustainability and replicability of the project beyond the EPA-funded
demonstration.
2.3 KRRC Operations
The components of Recycle Hawai`i's operation at the pilot KRRC were:
6
2.3.1 Administration. Afull-time project coordinator, Nelson Ho, and three part-time
attendants comprised the staff of KRRC. The project coordinator was responsible
for:
• scheduling and supervision of attendants;
• establishment of operational policies and rules;
• administration of the contract with HIEDB;
• interfacing with HIEDB, Recycle Hawai`i's subcontractors, and volunteer
goups; and
• measurement and reporting of achievements.
Site attendants:
• monitored recycling and reuse activities to prevenbminimize contamination;
• enforced operations policies and rules;
• monitored incoming and outgoing reuse transactions;
• provided public education; and
• assisted customers as necessary.
Recycle Hawaii also administered a volunteer program. Volunteers donated
1,221 hours during the project, performing site attendant and site maintenance
duties.
2.3.2 Customer education. Efforts to publicize KRRC and educate customers included:
• a mailing to all Puna District households announcing the opening of KRRC;
• a grand opening ceremony on Mazch 29, 2003;
• distribution of handouts at KRRC;
• a quarterly newsletter;
• dedicated pages on Recycle Hawai`i's web site;
• one on one education of individual customers;
• educational workshops at KRRC;
• an Art and Objects From Opala show at KRRC; and
• a community incentive fund to entice community groups to donate services to
and become involved with KRRC.
Recycle Hawaii contracted with Jay West, owner of Peak Creations, to schedule,
publicize, and conduct workshops related to high value-added glass
manufacturing, and to create art for the project site; with Jon Olson to conduct
workshops on reuse of old appliances; and with Loretta Nussbaum to conduct
Keiki Kraft reuse workshops. Eighteen workshops were conducted, nine for adults
and nine for keiki, with a total attendance of 203 adults and 52 keiki. According to
Recycle Hawai`i's project coordinator, many requests were received from persons
desiring to conduct workshops at KRRC. He estimates about 90 percent of the
requests related to recycling.
7
2.3.3 Hauline and processins. Recycle Hawaii contracted with Business Services
Hawaii (BSH) to haul and recycle paper fibers (except newspaper); glass, plastic,
and aluminum containers; greenwaste; and scrap metal. Puna Kamali`i Flowers
recycled newspaper, with the exception of newspaper inserts, which it gave to
BSH.
2.3.4 Site supervision and maintenance. Activities included:
• monitoring of customer dropoff activities.
• operation of the reuse facility.
• maintenance and striping of the internal roadway and speed bumps.
• supervision of volunteer work crews.
2.4 Accomplishments
Overall, KRRC exceeded expectations, in terms of tonnage of materials collected and
public enthusiasm. See Table 2.1 for tonnage hauled by material by month. A limited
traffic survey conducted by Recycle Hawaii from July 22 through August 9, 2003
recorded an average of 83 vehicles per hour entering the transfer station site. Actual
vehicle counts ranged from 38 to 126 per hour. On average, 21.6% of the vehicles
entering the transfer station stopped at KRRC. Actual participation at KRRC ranged from
16.1 % to 49.5% on an hourly basis.
For the 9-month project period, 794.97 tons of recyclable materials and 123.46 tons of
reusable materials were diverted from Hilo landfill. During the same period, 4,704 tons of
mixed solid waste were hauled from the Kea`au transfer station. This represents a 16.34%
diversion rate achieved by KRRC, short of the project goal of 25%. Tons diverted
exceeded the project goal by 358.43 tons, or 64% over the project goal.
Unit costs for hauling materials from KRRC ranged from $0 for aluminum containers
(due to relatively high scrap value) and reusable items (which remained on site until
claimed by a customer), to $240 per ton for glass containers. The cost for glass reflected
not only hauling costs, but also costs for grinding the glass and mazketing the product
locally. The average unit cost for all materials diverted from the landfill by KRRC was
$75.68 per ton.
8
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2.5 Problems Encountered and Lessons Learned
Information and data presented in this section were taken from published data from
KRRC contractors and vendors, from a limited traffic survey conducted by Recycle
Hawaii, from a limited user survey conducted by RCAC, and from interviews with key
persons conducted by RCAC.
2.5.1 Contamination. Contamination was a problem from the beginning, although it
decreased with customer education efforts, improvements in signage, and
increased staffing at KRRC. Contamination included:
• Plastic bags, metal, and tires in the greenwaste bin.
• Plastic bags in the plastics bin.
• Motor vehicle parts containing used motor oil and other fluids in the scrap
metal bin.
• Bags of rubbish leR adjacent to recycling bins because people did not want to
stop twice to unload.
Paying the full tip fee on contaminants removed from recycling bins was a
hazdship for vendors contracted to remove the materials from KRRC. Vendors
had little or no control over the level of contamination in any given bin. Also, the
level of contamination in bins varied widely and could not be predicted by
vendors when they prepazed cost proposals to Recycle Hawaii. This is a difficult
issue, especially in a dropoff environment, but one that must be resolved if the
County intends to rely on private vendors to service its recycling centers.
2.5.2 Education. Educational workshops for adults were successful. Activities for keiki
were less successful, perhaps because the site environment with its heavy traffic
was not suitable for children. Jay West suggested that more workshops be offered,
and that workshops could be a potential source of revenue. A permanent
education center more remote from dust and noise sources such as traffic would
enhance KRRC's ability to draw workshop participants.
Due to liability issues, Recycle Hawaii was constrained by contract from
allowing outsiders to sponsor events at KRRC, so was unable to meet demand for
more workshops. KRRC appears to have potential for becoming a community
focal point and gathering place for environmental activities and education, given
proper facilities. It may also have potential as a cottage industry incubator site.
Signs created by Jay West helped considerably with customer education by
instructing people as to how and where to recycle various materials. Nelson Ho
recommended more signs, specifically focusing on the why of recycling.
The temporazy workshop azea was not secure enough. Some customers removed
art work and workshop materials, appazently thinking they were free for the
taking like items in the adjacent reuse center.
2.5.3 Eauiument. Several equipment problems/needs were noted:
• Lack of spaze or backup bins resulted in bans on dumping materials for
approximately four hours whenever a full bin was hauled out.
10
• The greenwaste bin blocked access to the scrap metal bin, so had to be moved
in order for the vendor to gain access to the scrap metal bin. Customers could
not recycle either material for approximately four hours.
• The project coordinator expressed a desire for compactor bins to reduce
hauling frequency and down time.
• The internal road should be paved, striped properly, and constructed with
speed bumps.
• Lights are needed during evening hours in winter months.
• Facility staff need permanent restroom/shower facilities. Many customers
asked for a place to wash their hands after dumping recyclables.
• Infrastructure should include protection for users from sun and rain. This
directly affected the recycling rate, since the Kea`au site was often either very
hot or very wet.
• A set of hand tools for the site would be helpful.
2.5.4 Interface with transfer station operation. The transfer station and diversion
functions were not well integrated during the pilot project. During interviews with
RCAC, key persons reported:
• Negative comments from transfer station customers about being routed
through KRRC to reach the rubbish chutes.
• Transfer station customers ignoring traffic control devices to create shortcuts
to the rubbish chutes.
• Negative comments from transfer station security guazds to customers
regarding recycling and KRRC.
2.5.5 Interface with private recvcline vendors. Full containers at KRRC were hauled as
needed, rather than on a fixed schedule. Problems were encountered with the
greenwaste and scrap metal bins, particularly on weekends. At times the bins
filled so quickly that the vendor received inadequate notice. This resulted in
closure of the bins and diversion of recyclable materials to the transfer station
rubbish chutes.
Recycling vendors prefer pavement under rolloffbins rather than crushed rock.
This reduces the amount of space needed for pulling the bins.
Standazdized or specialized equipment specified by the County in a permanent
facility would not be a problem for private haulers, provided contract terms allow
adequate amortization periods for new equipment, or the County purchases the
equipment. The former azrangement is preferred, as it eliminates potential
conflicts over liability and maintenance.
2.5.6 KRRC customers. RCAC conducted a limited survey of KRRC customers over
seven days: Saturday, August 2, 2003; Friday, August 8, 2003, and daily Sunday,
August 10 through Thursday, August 14, 2003. A tabulation of survey results is
included in Appendix A.
11
A total of 354 persons participated in the survey to some degree. Some gave only
their communities of residence; some only the items being recycled that day.
Some interviews were interrupted by rain. Most survey respondents were
residents of Puna District, but a few came from distant communities.
Customers were asked why they chose to use Kea`au transfer station that day. Of
the 325 responding, 40% said it was the closest transfer station to home; 29% said
it was on the way to work or shopping; 22% stopped because the facility took
recyclable and reusable materials; and 10% gave other reasons (many of these
related to recycling and reuse activities at KRRC). Thus, the presence of KRRC
was not the primary draw for at least 69% of respondents, but they were recycling
and reusing anyway.
Customers were asked where they normally took their recyclable materials. Of
the 306 respondents, 85% said KRRC; 5% identified another transfer station; 7%
indicated the recycling center on Railroad Avenue; and 3% gave other locations.
When asked where they normally take their rubbish, 76% of the 308 respondents
answered Kea`au transfer station; 22% said other transfer station; and 2%
indicated other (primarily private collection service).
The reader is encouraged to review responses to Questions 7, 8, and 9 in
Appendix A, which influenced recommendations in Chapter VI:
7. What features of this recycling and reuse center do you like best?
8. What features of this recycling and reuse center do you not like?
9. What would you change or add in a permanent recycling and reuse facility
here?
2.5.7 Nuisances. Reported nuisances included:
• Numerous feral cats living at the transfer station, habituated by a local resident
who feeds them. The cats' ubiquitous waste products and associated odors aze
an ongoing problem.
• Feral chickens and associated waste.
• Wild pigs on site.
• Aggressive bees attracted to the glass bin.
• Flies during workshops.
• Disposable diapers and other rubbish left adjacent to the emergency water
spigot neaz the transfer station entrance. While not within the domain of
KRRC, such rubbish represents a continuing eyesore and health issue. A
volunteer work crew cleaned the azea, but it was messy again within a few
days.
2.5.8 Private v. public operator for KRRC.
• Users generally liked the private operation. Some made negative comments
about county workers.
• Any private operator should be experienced in similar operations, and be able
to price services accurately.
12
2.5.9 Reuse. The reuse center at KRRC was extremely popular. Items dropped off
generally remained at the site a very short time before being claimed by a new
owner. Recycle Hawaii was forced to place limits on certain individuals who
frequented the site, attempting to snag the best items. Recycle Hawai`i's policy of
accepting only items that were serviceable or repairable was prudent, and no
doubt reduced the number of items moved from the reuse center to the transfer
station.
Reuse is a potential source of revenue; some people may be willing to pay for
higher value items.
2.5.10 Site maintenance. Ongoing maintenance issues included:
• Maintenance of the gravel roadway and speed bumps.
• Erosion where water runs off the transfer station pavement onto the KRRC
gravel road. A temporary fix improved this situation, but more work is
needed.
• Rubbish left by users of the emergency water spigot neaz the transfer station
entrance.
• Rapid vegetative growth in the wet environment.
2.5.11 StaffinE. Recycle Hawaii began the operation with two part-time site attendants.
It quickly became apparent that this was insufficient, so one additional attendant
was hired. This was still inadequate at peak traffic times. Staff schedules were
adjusted to allow a one hour overlap of daily shifts. On-site staff was essential to
provide education, assist certain customers to unload/load items, manage the reuse
center, and prevent contamination. The project coordinator recommended finding
good people who aze assertive, believe in recycling, and can tolerate verbal abuse.
2.5.12 Traffic pattern/flow. Highway 130 fronting the Kea`au facility is a heavily
traveled two-lane highway, particularly during morning and evening rush periods.
Left toms into or out of the facility are especially dangerous. One fatal accident
occurred at this location during the project. The internal traffic flow pattern at
Kea`au transfer station was modified to encourage use of KRRC. All customers
entering the site were routed through KRRC, whether recycling or disposing of
rubbish. Some customers complained about this arrangement. Problems
encountered included:
• Customers stopping in the through lane to unload recyclables, thus blocking
traffic to the transfer station rubbish chutes.
• Excessive speed, which had to be controlled by speed bumps.
• Rolloff trucks blocking traffic when pulling bins.
• Impermanence of chalk lines used for marking the internal roadway and
parking spaces by the recycling bins.
13
According to Recycle Hawai`i's traffic survey, Kea`au transfer station experienced
peak traffic Fridays through Mondays. Tuesdays through Thursdays were slower.
Traffic was lighter on rainy days than on dry, sunny days.
Transfer trailers moving through KRRC did not create any problems.
2.5.13 Volunteers/community incentive fund. Use of volunteers, both individuals and
groups, was a positive experience. This enabled Recycle Hawaii to supplement
site staff, improve site monitoring and education efforts, and perform needed tasks
on site. Recycle Hawaii established a community incentive fund to attract
community group volunteers. A $100 donation was given for a minimum of four
volunteers each performing four hours of work. Volunteers donated a total of
1,221 hours at KRRC.
While extremely helpful, volunteers have other commitments and interests.
Caution must be exercised before relying upon volunteers to perform repetitive or
time-sensitive tasks. Keys to a successful volunteer program include flexibility,
ability to match individual/group interests with project needs, incentives, and
ability to provide necessary tools and supplies to the volunteers if they cannot
furnish their own.
2.6 Relationship to County Solid Waste System
The Kea`au project was intended to be a demonstration of the waste diversion potential at
rural transfer stations. As such, it was successful. The next step is to refine the Kea`au
model and replicate it at other transfer stations azound the island. Any permanent facility
should be a neighborhood recycling center compatible with the County's integrated solid
waste management plan and with the proposed East Hawaii regional sort station. The
sort station, as currently proposed, will incorporate atwo-stream recycling system into
the East Hawaii solid waste management system. This will require some adjustments on
the part of private sector recycling businesses and residential recyclers. Atwo-stream
recycling system also will complicate diversion of recyclables to local small-scale
entrepreneurs producing value-added products.
2.7 Planned Improvements at IQtRC
Recycle Hawaii, through its subcontractor Big Island Resource Conservation and
Development Council, prepazed a conceptual drawing of a permanent KRRC. This plan
does not reflect Recycle Hawai`i's work, because Recycle Hawai`i's product was
submitted to HIEDB about the same time as the final draft of this plan. County staff
found funding to continue KRRC operations beyond December 29, 2003, and plan to
eventually install permanent infrastructure. The final design of the permanent KRRC will
be influenced by this plan, Recycle Hawai`i's conceptual drawing, a transfer station
enhancement plan in prepazation by the County's consulting engineer, and input from
customers at design workshops sponsored by HIEDB and RCAC.
14
III. EXISTING SITUATION
3.1 Kea`au Transfer Station
One of 21 County transfer stations, the Kea`au facility is situated on 19.54 acres of land
leased from W. H. Shipman, Ltd. It accommodates two transfer trailers, which
transported 6,040.88 tons of mixed solid waste during the County's Fiscal Yeaz 2003.
Before KRRC was established, the transfer station's recycling capacity was limited to one
small bin (placed by Business Services Hawaii) for glass and aluminum containers, and
one small bin (placed by Puna Kamali`i Flowers) for newspaper. The diversion rate then
was only rivo percent.
3.2 Other Transfer Stations
3.2.1 Overview. Tables 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6 contain relevant data about all
transfer stations. Each table is discussed below. The proposed Kahuku transfer
station at Hawaiian Ocean View Estates (HOVE) is included in the tables since it
has been partially funded, but no data aze included for it. The County has
committed to development of a transfer station at Waikoloa, but has not
committed funding or established a time frame for the project. The data in Tables
3.1 through 3.6 are used in Chapter V to assist in sorting transfer stations into
classes, each featuring a standazd set of diversion activities and services.
3.2.2 Table 3.1. This table provides an overview of the physical characteristics of and
services provided by transfer stations. Information in the Notes column is based
on a single site visit in September 2003, and is not necessarily indicative of usual
conditions.
3.2.3 Table 3.2. The purpose of Table 3.2 is to provide a measure of relative capacity
among transfer stations and districts, based on population. The approximate
service azea population for each transfer station relates to a geographic azea, not
necessarily to origin of facility customers. A customer origin study at each
transfer station would provide a more accurate picture of the customer base for
each facility.
Beginning at the faz right of Table 3.2, in the section labeled County Perspective,
the County population at year 2000 and the projected populations through yeaz
2020 aze divided by the total number of refuse chutes currently existing.
Assuming the number of chutes to be adequate, we may say that each chute
ideally would serve approximately 5,000 customers.
From the district perspective (center section of Table 3.2), individual chutes
actually serve from 1,720 to 7,898 customers, based on yeaz 2000 population.
This implies that some districts are underserved and some overserved by refuse
chutes. The North Kona and South Kohala Districts come closest to the ideal.
15
From the transfer station perspective, the disparity is even greater. Individual
rubbish chutes serve 700 to 10,500 customers on average.
Again, the preceding analysis maybe misleading, absent a customer origin study
at every transfer station. For this reason, the same analysis was performed on the
basis of tonnage deposited. That analysis appeazs in Table 3.4. Tonnage is a more
reliable measure of current capacity, because the County collects scale data for
each transfer station rubbish chute.
3.2.4 Table 3.3. The table is self-explanatory. Of interest is the several transfer stations
that experienced increases or decreases in tonnage over the four year period. The
table would be more useful if it included waste projections by district, similaz to
the population projections included in Table 3.2. No such waste projections
currently exist.
3.2.5 Table 3.4. The purpose of Table 3.4 is to provide a measure of relative capacity
among transfer stations and districts, based on tonnage received. This is a more
accurate measure of relative capacity than the population data in Table 3.2, as it
indicates where customers actually deliver their rubbish, which may not be the
transfer station closest to home.
Beginning at the far right of Table 3.4, in the section labeled County Perspective,
the County average annual tonnage over four yeazs is divided by the total number
of refuse chutes currently existing. Assuming the number of chutes to be
adequate, we may say that each chute ideally would receive approximately 2,300
tons per yeaz.
From the district perspective (center section of Table 3.4), individual chutes
actually receive about 1,130 to 3,400 tons. As with the population analysis, some
districts appeaz to be underserved and some overserved by refuse chutes. Contrary
to the population analysis, which showed the North Kona and South Kohala
Districts closest to the ideal, on a tonnage basis these aze some of the most
underserved districts. Puna and South Hilo Districts aze also underserved on a
tonnage basis.
From the transfer station perspective, disparities also aze evident. Individual
rubbish chutes receive 739 to 3,396 tons annually on average.
3.2.6 Table 3.5. Table 3.5 shows gaps in coverage in the transfer station system that
certainly produce some measure of customer inconvenience, and may contribute
to illegal dumping. Gaps of concern are:
• Puako to Ka`auhuhu, 25 miles.
• Puako to Kealakehe, 28 miles.
• Waiohinu to Waiea, 32 miles. This gap will be reduced when the Kahuku
(Hawaiian Ocean View Estates) facility comes on line.
• Waimea to Ka`auhuhu, 20 miles.
16
The gap between the Volcano and Pahala transfer stations is 28 miles, but is not
of concern because the intervening azea is mostly undeveloped national park land.
3.2.7 Table 3.6. This table ranks the transfer stations on each of 12 criteria selected
from Tables 3.1 through 3.4. The rankings aze used in Chapter V to sort transfer
stations into classes, each featuring a standazd set of diversion activities and
services.
3.3 Hilo Landfill
Hilo landfill is projected to reach capacity within two yeazs of completion of this plan.
The County must close the landfill at that time. The County's intent is to develop a
regional sort station and implement aggressive recycling measures as a short-term
solution, while evaluation of more complex technologies continues.
3.4 Reduction, Recycling, and Reuse
The County's diversion rate was 13% in Fiscal Yeaz 1999. The update to the integrated
solid waste management plan completed in 2002 outlines an aggressive program to
increase diversion. The program includes the East Hawaii regional sort station and
enhancements to transfer stations. County staff expect an immediate two percent increase
in diversion from the sort station, and an additional five percent in each of the next two
yeazs as transfer station enhancements aze utilized. An additional three percent per year is
expected from improved utilization of diversion opportunities and additional services
provided from private contractors. The diversion rate is expected to level out at azound
45 percent by 2014.
17
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Table 3.3: Transfer Station Tonnage, FY 2000 - FY 2003
Annual Tonnage
Average Increase/
Annual Decrease
4 Year Total Over
Station FY 2000 FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 2003 Totals Tonnage 4 Years
Glenwood 2,190.32 2,328.95 2,337.91 2,285.84 9,143.02 2,285.76 4.36
Hilo 11,454.63 11,883.27 12,102.70 11,771.29 47,211.89 11,802.97 2.76
Honoka'a 3,159.58 3,205.79 3,425.02 3,?44.87 13,035.26 3,258.82 2.70
Honomu'" 1,661.20 1,703.00 1,608.86 4,973.06 1,243.27
Ka'auhuhu 3,005.18 3,345?7 3,431.56 3,801.79 13,583.80 3,395.95 26.51
(Kohala/Hawi)
Kahuku (Ocean 0.00 -
View)
Kalapana 625.80 675.00 807.8] 846.48 2,955.09 738.77 35.26
Kea'au 6,043.78 6,672.93 6,761.45 6,040.88 25,519.04 6,379.76 -0.05
Kealakehe 7,304.98 7,909.86 8,363.99 8,503.76 32,082.59 8,020.65 16.41
(Kailua-Kona)
Keauhou 4,265.66 5,042.89 5,224.57 5,230.70 19,763.82 4,940.96 22.62
Ke'ei 1,834.96 2,144.31 2,0]9.23 2,062.94 8,061.44 2,015.36 12.42
Laupahoehoe 983.85 1,186.52 1,216.01 1,134.67 4,521.05 1,130.26 15.33
Milolii* 156.23 134.87 75.49 366.59 91.65
Pa'auilo 1,108.79 1,161.08 1,]77.99 1,335.15 4,783.01 1,195.75 20.42
Pahala 1,165.98 1,067.58 1,219.51 1,202.62 4,655.69 1,163.92 3.14
Pahoa 4,338.86 4,716.26 4,456.82 4,467.89 17,979.83 4,494.96 2.97
Papaikou 2,832.20 2,959.83 2,852.01 2,909.21 11,553.25 2,888.31 2.72
Puako 2,343.24 2,474.03 2,215.01 2,156.10 9,188.38 2,297.10 -7.99
Volcano 1,365.73 1,363.73 1,465.63 1,438.97 5,634.06 1,408.52 5.36
Waiea 1,959.01 1,968.06 2,059.19 2.234.07 8,220.33 2,055.08 14.04
Waimea 4,863.47 4,879.68 5,318.97 5,579.85 20,641.97 5,160.49 14.73
Waiohinu 2,211.46 2,337.18 2,451.72 2,430.08 9,430.44 2,357.61 9.89
*Data in a Year Totals and Average Annual Tonnage columns are for 3 years due to one year of missing data.
% increase/decrease was not calculated due to missing data.
20
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IV. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
4.1 Goals and Objectives for Sustaining and Replicating the Kea`au Project
A goal is a general statement describing something to be accomplished in the future. An
example is "To reduce the impact of discazded materials on our island environment."
An objective describes a future accomplishment that will contribute toward achievement
of a goal. An objective is both measurable and time sensitive. Relative to the sample goal
in the preceding pazagraph, one objective could be "To increase the recycling rate to 50%
by the end of calendaz year 2010." Another objective could be "To implement a ban on
disposal of greenwaste in landfills by the end of calendar yeaz 2005."
The County's goals and objectives with respect to sustaining and replicating the Kea`au
project are:
Goal 1: Improve, sustain, and replicate the successful model established at the
Kea`au transfer station.
Obiective 1.1: By December 31, 2004, produce for each class of NRCs a
conceptual design featuring integrated rubbish
collection/transfer and diversion services.
Obiective 1.2: As transfer stations are scheduled for conversion to NRCs,
produce engineering designs reflective of corresponding
conceptual designs, site chazacteristics, and community
preferences.
Obiective 1.3: Upgrade existing transfer stations designated for
conversion to Class 1 or Class 2 NRCs within five yeazs of
approval of this plan.
Obiective 1.4: Upgrade existing transfer stations designated for
conversion to Class 3 or Class 4 NRCs within ten yeazs of
approval of this plan.
Obiective 1.5: Design and construct all new transfer stations as NRCs.
Obiective 1.6: By June 30, 2004, create sustainable partnerships to
leverage County funding for NRC operations.
Goa12: Sustain and support the aggressive diversion program outlined in the
County's updated integrated solid waste management plan.
24
Obiective 2.1: Increase the number, diversity, and convenience of
diversion opportunities available to the County's customers
by converting all existing transfer stations to NRCs.
Obiective 2.2: Design all NRCs for one stop dropoff of rubbish and
household recyclables.
Obiective 2.3: Before the first NRC opens, design and implement an
aggressive public education campaign to familiarize
customers with new diversion opportunities, facilities, and
requirements; repeat for each NRC.
Goa13: Promote and nurture the community development potential of NRCs, as
well as community ownership of NRCs.
Obiective 3.1: During the planning phase for each NRC, involve service
azea customers in the design process in a meaningful way.
Obiective 3.2: Incorporate economic development, educational, and
volunteer opportunities into the program offerings at all
Class 1 and Class 2 NRCs.
Goa14: Improve and maintain capital and operating efficiencies throughout the
system of NRCs.
Obiective 4.1: By July 1, 2005, design and implement a cost accounting
model to track unit costs and revenues by material for each
NRC.
Obiective 4.2: Design and operate NRCs for minimal handling and
transport of materials.
Obiective 4.3: Leverage County resources through public-private
partnerships for operation of NRCs.
25
V. THE KEA`AU MODEL
5.1 The Model At A Glance
This chapter describes the neighborhood recycling center model that evolved from the
KRRC experience. The model now encompasses four classes of neighborhood recycling
centers (NRCs), which are described briefly in Table 5.1. The model is described in more
detail in the remainder of the chapter.
During development of this model, residents repeatedly said they want NRCs to be fun
places that they can take pride and ownership in. Residents envision NRCs as pleasant,
attractive places in which they can socialize, hunt for discazded treasures, and contribute
to the economic development of their communities.
Table 5.1 NRC Features B Class
Class
Site Plan and Infrastructure: ' 1 2 3 4
Land azea minimum acrea a recommended 35 25 15 3
Safe in ess/e ess X X X X
Paved internal roadwa s with s eed bum s as needed X X X X
Paved azkin lots at ublic activi azeas X X X
One stop convenience to off-load household rubbish and X X X X
rec clables
Crrade sepazation between offloading areas and bins/trailers to X X X X
allow customers to throw materials down
S azation of hea truck and residential vehicle traffic X X X X
S azation of vehiculaz and edestrian traffic X X X X
Landsca ed, visuall a ealin environment X X X X
Paved surfaces under rolloff containers, and in azeas used for X X X X
collectin and rocessin eenwaste
Covered rubbish/household recyclables dropoff areas, to protect X X X X
users and sensitive materials from sun and rain
Scale house and vehicle scales X
Greenwaste dm off zone X X X
Scra metals dro off zone X
Disaster debris zone X X
Ent rise zone X
Reuse center X X
Education center X X
Cotta e Indus incubation center X X
D osit container redem tion center X X
Restrooms for staff/customers X X
Handwashin station X X X
Electric service X X X
Area li tin X X X
Securi fencin and ates X X X X
Customer Base and Staffin
26
Table 5.1 NRC Features B Class
Residential self-haulers X X X X
All businesses, includin commercial haulers X
Small business self-haulers X
Contractors and other businesses with reusable C & D materials X X
An one discazdin eli ~ble disaster debris X X
Coun em to ees X X X X
Contracted o erators/vendors X X X
Contracted securi ds X
En reneurs X X X
NiatetisB A ted
Household rec clables X X X X
D osit bevera a containers for redem tion X X
Greenwaste X X X
Scra metals X X X
Scra vehicles X X
Recyclables destined for cottage industry incubation centers X X X
and ent rise zones
Reusable household and office furnishin s X X
Reusable construction and demolition C & D materials X X
Eli 'ble disaster debris X X
Mixed rubbish X X X X
`.Services
Reuse X X
Rec clin X X X X
Com ostin X
Dis osal X X X X
Residue transfer X
D osit container redem tion X X
Public education X X
lob trainin X X
Cotta a Indus incubation X X
Disaster debris stora a and rocessin X X
5.2 Classification of Existing Transfer Stations
The methodology for assigning transfer stafions to NRC classes utilizes the data from
Table 3.6 and a set of somewhat subjective guidelines. Table 5.2 presents the results of
the more objective component of the methodology. Those results, as modified by
application of the guidelines, yield the proposed NRC classifications shown in Figure 5.1.
The guidelines used in addition to the data shown in Table 5.2 aze:
1. Each side of the island (East Hawaii, West Hawaii) should have a Class 1 NRC.
2. Each quadrant of the island (north, east, south, west) should have at least one Class 2
NRC.
27
3. Class 1 and Class 2 NRCs should be located primarily in densely populated and/or
high growth areas. Heavily used facilities, as indicated by tonnage received, should
get preference for upgrade to Class 1 or Class 2 NRC.
4. Communities with numerous small businesses should be served by Class 1 or Class 2
NRCs.
5. Given a choice between providing Class 1 or Class 2 NRC service to an area by
constructing a new facility or upgrading an existing transfer station, the new facility
option should receive preference.
28
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Figure 5.1
COUNTY OF HAWAII
PROPOSED NEIGHBORHOOD RECYCLING CENTERS
rum
Ka'auhuhu
- - onoka'a NRC
flo
NuwweCr«
Puska NRC upahoehoe NRC
Honomu NRC
aiowe~
Papaikou NRC
ilo NRC
ea'au NRC
ru~uw
~u.umaw - - NRC
lapana NRC
Waiea NRC
Miloli'i NRCl~ 'ala NRC
Kahuku (HOr(E)
alohinu NRC
- s > a is a ~p a xw
• Class 1 Neighborhood Recyclinq Center (NRC)
• Class 2 Neighborhood Recycling Cen[er(NRC)
• Class 3 Neighborhood Recycling Center (NRC)
• Class 4 Neighborhood Recycling Center (NRC)
• Future Neighborhood Recycling Center (NRC)
¦ Active landfill
30
5.3 Sites and Infrastructure -General
5.3.1 Land pazcels. Minimum recommended pazcel sizes for NRCs aze shown in Table
5.1. Recommended sizes allow for infrastructure, activities, separation of
incompatible activities, traffic queues, and landscaping/buffering.
5.3.2 Site entrances. NRC entrances are located and designed for safe ingress/egress.
Traffic entering and leaving NRCs flows smoothly. Toms into and out of the
facilities can be made safely, even at peak traffic times. Measures employed to
ensure safe ingress/egress include:
• Adequate queue space for departing traffic.
• In heavy traffic areas, traffic signals or service/frontage roads to/from
signalized intersections or other safe points of ingress/egress.
• Adequate sight distance in both directions from points of ingress/egress.
Neaz the entrance to every NRC, on both highway approaches, signs aze placed
alerting motorists to the NRC location. A lazge sign just inside the entrance
displays the facility name and purpose, and indicates directions to the various
centers and zones within the NRC.
5.3.3 Traffic infrastructure. Internal roadways and paved azeas aze designed to facilitate
safe and smooth traffic flow, eliminate congestion, and provide parking azeas for
customers pazticipating in on-site activities.
• All internal roadways, service drives, aprons, and pazking lots are asphalt
paved.
• All rolloff containers aze placed on concrete pads.
• Traffic signs and speed bumps in strategic locations control traffic movement
and speed.
• Roadways aze designed and constructed with a minimum of sharp toms,
intersections, and steep ramps (greater than eight percent slope).
• Queue lanes at dropoff zones and at the NRC exit aze cleazly marked, and do
not extend across intersections.
5.3.4 Traffic patterns. Internal traffic patterns aze designed to ensure safety of persons
and property, as well as customer convenience and free and efficient traffic flow.
Traffic patterns permit customers to complete their business at the NRC during
one loop through the facility. NRC traffic patterns feature:
• For customers, a single road from the NRC entrance to the rubbish and
recyclables dropoff zone and then to the NRC exit.
• Between the site entrance and the rubbish and recyclables dropoff zone, drives
leading off the main internal road to dropoff zones for greenwaste and scrap
metals, and to the community enterprise center. This places the rubbish and
recyclables zone last on the loop through the NRC.
• One way flow of traffic on the main customer road through azeas of intense
activity.
• Service roads for transfer and rolloff trucks and other heavy vehicles, which
divert industrial traffic from azeas of heaviest customer activity.
31
5.3.5 Weigh stations. Class 1 NRCs are equipped with vehicle scales and a scale house.
This facilitates weighing and documenting loads hauled by the County's vendors.
5.3.6 Landscapine. Landscaping serves to beautify NRCs and promote public
perception of NRCs as neighborhood facilities as opposed to rubbish dumps.
Landscaping at NRCs:
• Consists primarily of native plants.
• Features a variety of compatible plants.
• Is maintenance free to the greatest extent possible.
• Facilitates air flow and natural lighting on site.
5.3.7 Access. All NRC facilities, services, and programs satisfy the requirements of the
Americans with Disabilities Act.
5.3.8 Utilities. Class 1, 2, and 3 NRCs have water and electric service. In remote areas
without public utility service, catchment water and solaz power supply facility
needs. Wastewater disposal is on site, except where public wastewater systems aze
available. Other sections in this chapter contain more details on utilities.
5.3.9 Securi .Chain link fences and gates aze installed to prevent after-hours vehiculaz
access to Class 1, 2, and 3 NRCs. These NRCs have attendants or security guards
who open and secure gates. To reduce costs, fencing does not extend around entire
sites, but sensitive areas within the NRCs, such as the neighborhood enterprise
centers, aze fenced and gated or otherwise secured.
5.3.10 Disaster miti
ag
tion. Solid waste management facilities aze critically needed
following disasters. Damage prevention is essential to ensuring that NRCs and
their equipment will be functional when needed. Inoperative NRCs or equipment
may result in inability to move disaster debris, requiring establishment and
operation of temporary sites elsewhere for debris storage and processing. Specific
disaster mitigation measures are included elsewhere in this chapter.
Critical pre-disaster steps to be taken by the County include:
• Safeguazding as-built drawings of all NRCs.
• Ensuring that insurance coverage is adequate.
• Producing and periodically updating complete photographic records of all
NRC facilities and equipment.
• Maintaining complete financial records for every NRC, including design and
construction costs, equipment purchase costs, and costs of major repairs.
• Maintaining accurate records of materials flowing through each Class 1 and
Class 2 NRC, to serve as a baseline in the event disaster debris must be
handled.
5.4 Community Enterprise Center
5.4.1 NRC classes: 1, 2
32
5.4.2 General description. The community enterprise center distinguishes the Kea`au
model from more traditional models of transfer stations and public convenience
centers. Its foundation is apublic-private partnership between the County and one
or more entities performing job training, education, technical assistance, resource
development, and community service functions within the context of the NRC
system.
The community enterprise center honors three community practices or traditions.
One, the widespread practice of scavenging at the local dump, is now prohibited
by state regulation. Today's (also prohibited) practice of setting reusable items
beside a rubbish chute rather than throwing them into the chute, is the last vestige
of the old practice. The second practice is that of using resources where they are
created, for the benefit of the local community. While most discazded items were
not created in the community in which they aze discarded, reusable items maybe
considered locally generated resources at the time of discazd. The community
enterprise center houses a number of organizations and programs which generate
community benefits from reusable items. Third, the community enterprise center
encourages the local tradition of using items until no useful life remains.
A community enterprise center has three components: 1) reuse center, 2)
education center, and 3) cottage industry incubation center. Each of these is
discussed in detail in the remaining subsections under Section 5.4.
5.4.2.1 Reuse center. The purpose of the reuse center is to divert reusable items
from County disposal facilities, for the benefit of individual residents
and the community as a whole. The reuse center provides a safe
alternative to scavenging, once a common, accepted practice on the
island, but prohibited today. The NRC reuse center concept grew out of
the informal local custom of leaving reusable items beside a rubbish
chute, to be claimed by other customers.
5.4.2.2 Education center. A NRC education center is primarily a community
focal point for promoting, expanding, and improving community
knowledge and practices with regard to integrated solid waste
management, including recycling, local manufacture of value-added
products from locally recycled materials, reuse, and waste minimization.
5.4.2.3 Cottage industry incubation center. The purpose of a cottage industry
incubation center is to encourage and facilitate creation of small
entrepreneurial enterprises utilizing locally recycled materials to produce
value-added products for both on- and off-island markets.
5.4.3 Customers.
5.4.3.1 Reuse center. Any resident or business may donate acceptable items to
the reuse center. Recipients of reusable items from the reuse center vary
33
according to programs operated by the community enterprise center
vendor.
5.4.3.2 Education center. All island residents are encouraged to participate in
programs offered at the education center.
5.4.3.3 Cottage industry incubation center. Any resident interested in starting or
strengthening a cottage industry utilizing locally recycled materials may
participate in the programs of this center, and may apply for short-term
use of workshop space.
5.4.4 Staff: The community enterprise center is operated by a contracted vendor whose
primary mission includes recycling and/or reuse, recyclinglreuse education, job
training, affordable housing services, or related activities. To ensure coordination
and consistency of programs and activities within a community enterprise center,
the vendor must be willing and able to undertake all responsibilities related to the
center. The vendor must also be willing and able to take on responsibilities in
other azeas of the NRC, as noted in Sections 5.7.4, 5.8.4, and 5.9.4. The vendor is
responsible for determining the number and types of personnel needed to
complete contractual requirements.
5.4.5 BuildinQS and infrastructure. The three components of a community enterprise
center shaze one building, which is designed to permit separation of progams and
activities. The facility features secure, enclosed space for each of the three
components, an administrative office for the vendor, a shared loading dock,
restrooms with composting toilets, solaz power wherever feasible, and fenced
outside storage space. Community enterprise center buildings vary in size from
one NRC to another, according to community population and number of potential
business donors and construction activity in the vicinity.
5.4.5.1 Reuse center. The interior of the reuse space is partitioned to
accommodate the programmatic needs of the vendor. For example, a
vendor might require separation of C & D materials, arts and crafts, and
household goods sections. The reuse center has a materials
receiving/storage/prepazation azea not accessible to customers. In
addition to indoor display space, the reuse center requires an outdoor
storage/display azea for weather-resistant bulky items.
5.4.5.2 Education center. This center is located in that part of the building most
remote from traffic, noise, and dust-generating activities. It contains one
meeting/workshop room and a secure storage room for equipment and
supplies. Although not luxurious, the education center provides a
comfortable, functional environment for activities.
5.4.5.3 Cottage industry incubation center. This part of the building contains a
display azea for information on cottage industry opportunities using
locally recycled materials, a place for viewing related video tapes and
reading related books, and up to six small, secure workshop spaces for
34
use by beginning entrepreneurs. Workshop spaces vary in size, but all
aze lazge enough to accommodate small-scale production and storage of
a small amount of inventory.
5.4.6 Eguiment. Community enterprise center operations at each Class 1 and Class 2
NRC require:
• One small forklift.
One industrial type low profile floor scale for measuring diversion.
• One combination TVNCR.
• Bins for collection of recyclables destined for value-added processes.
• One lazge sign identifying the community enterprise center.
• Signs identifying the three components of the community enterprise center.
Other equipment deemed necessary by the vendor.
5.4.7 Materials.
5.4.7.1 Reuse center. A reuse center accepts new and serviceable used items as
defined in Sections 1.1.17 and 1.1.18. Items requiring minor repair or
refurbishing aze acceptable. The center does not accept hazardous waste
as defined in Section 11-58.1-03, Hawaii Revised Statutes, or items
clearly beyond repair or refurbishing. Any appliances or office
equipment accepted must be in working order and must not present
safety hazards to persons, property, or the environment when used as
intended by the manufacturer.
5.4.7.2 Cotta¢e industry incubation center. Certain recyclable materials needed
by local value-added cottage industries either aze not collected in the
County's two stream recycling system, or aze difficult to sepazate from
the two streams in usable condition. These materials aze collected in bins
at the cottage industry incubation center, as demand for them emerges.
Examples of such materials aze:
• Specific types ofnon-deposit glass beverage containers, such as wine
bottles.
• Unusual glass containers.
• Plate glass and minors.
• Textiles.
The community enterprise center vendor is responsible for promoting
the special recyclable materials program to NRC customers.
Entrepreneurs at the cottage industry incubation center also have access
to materials donated to the reuse center.
5.4.8 Markets.
5.4.8.1 Reuse center. The community enterprise center vendor has priority for
all C & D materials, which are used in vendor's programs. Any C & D
materials not needed by the vendor aze donated to nonprofit
35
organizations or sold to the public to generate revenue. All other
materials aze offered first to nonprofit organizations and then sold to the
public.
5.4.8.2 Cottage industry incubation center. Entrepreneurs receiving assistance
from the incubation center have priority for all materials collected at the
center. Remaining materials aze sold to the public to generate revenue, or
aze recycled elsewhere on the NRC site.
5.4.9 Operations policies, standazds, and practices.
5.4.9.1 Community enterprise center.
• All users of the center aze treated as valued customers, with respect
and courtesy.
• The minimum contract term for community enterprise center vendors
is five yeazs, to provide adequate equipment amortization and
program development time.
• The guiding principle is that recyclable and reusable materials
donated to the center must be used creatively for the economic,
social, and environmental benefit of local residents, local
community-based organizations, and communities as a whole.
5.4.9.2 Reuse center. Every NRC reuse center is part of a Big Island reuse
network similar to the Aloha Shazes Network (ASN) operated statewide
by Maui Recycling Group. ASN is a reuse program with both electronic
and physical components. It is modeled after L. A. SHARES, a very
successful reuse program serving Los Angeles County.
ASN maintains an electronic database of nonprofit organizations that
voluntarily register, along with the organizations' wish lists. Wish lists
typically contain office furniture and equipment, but may contain other
items. ASN's database also includes donors of materials that can be used
by nonprofit organizations. As materials are donated, ASN matches
them with nonprofit recipients, who are responsible for picking up the
items from donors. Nonprofit recipients are required to notify ASN
when transactions aze complete, and send thank you letters to donors,
along with tax deduction receipts. Nonprofits get the things they need at
no cost. Donors sane on hauling and disposal costs, receive tax
deductions, and generate goodwill in the community.
ASN has one partner organization, Nanakuli Housing Corporation
(NHC), operating a physical wazehouse on Oahu. C & D materials are
channeled to that warehouse, where they aze used in NHC's low income
housing rehabilitation program, donated to other nonprofits, or sold to
generate revenue. Donors include building contractors, building supply
businesses, demolition contractors, and individuals.
36
Unfortunately, Maui Recycling Group has not found sufficient resources
to promote ASN on the Big Island. KRRC uncovered local demand for
this type of service, as a number of contractors asked about donating
building materials to the KRRC reuse center. To address local needs and
demand, the NRC reuse centers now comprise a physical network
operated by community enterprise center vendors. Vendors
cooperatively operate an electronic exchange program similaz to ASN's.
The program is tailored to the needs, missions, and capabilities of
participating vendors, donors, and recipients.
'The Big Island network focuses on building strong relationships with
corporate donors. L. A. SHARES has done this quite successfully, and
has realized a wealth of both material and monetary donations as a
result.
Other reuse policies, standards, and practices:
• Reusable materials donated to a reuse center aze used to the greatest
extent possible to benefit communities surrounding the NRC.
• Customers and nonprofit organizations who purchase or receive
reusable materials must agree not to resell the items at flea mazkets,
thrift shops, etc.
• Community enterprise center vendors do not pick up reusables from
donors or deliver reusables to recipients.
• Community enterprise center vendors are encouraged to shaze
materials and cooperatively mazket them through an electronic
database similaz to ASN's.
• Corporate donors aze the foundation of the reuse program. Recruiting
donors and ensuring they have positive experiences is a priority of
community enterprise center vendors.
• Regulaz materials exchange days aze an important pazt of a reuse
center's activities. For example, first Saturday of every month is
computer exchange day; second Saturday is paint exchange day, etc.
5.4.9.3 Education center.
• NRC vendors have first priority for use of the education center for
workshops, trainings, and other functions of the NRC.
• The education center is available to the public on a space available,
reservation basis for any workshop, meeting, or similar activity
related to the mission and function of the NRC. Reservations aze
made through the community enterprise center vendor.
5.4.9.4 Cottage industry incubation center.
• Workshop spaces are donated to beginning entrepreneurs for a
maximum period of one year. Entrepreneurs aze expected to find
other homes for their businesses during that time.
• Entrepreneurs must submit realistic business plans and operations
plans in order to be considered for workshop space.
37
• A cottage industry may not use potentially hazazdous materials or
processes in its workshop space, except in strict compliance with all
applicable laws and regulations. Activities must not present safety
hazazds to persons, property, or the environment. A cottage industry
may not generate hazazdous waste as defined in Section 11-58.1-03,
Hawaii Revised Statutes. Entrepreneurs using workshop spaces are
responsible for proper disposal of all waste materials at their own
expense.
5.4.10 Linkages with community needs.
5.4.10.1 Job creation and income generation. Hawaii County's unemployment
rate for November 2003 was 5.6%. The state's unemployment rate for
the same period was 4.2%. The community enterprise center will address
the need for more jobs directly, by creating jobs at the center and
possibly through job training programs operated by vendors.
5.4.10.2 Skills trainine. NRCs provide opportunities for skill training in:
• Public interaction.
• Materials handling and processing.
• Construction trades.
• Wazehousing.
• Forklift operation.
• Landscaping.
• Sales.
• Repair of reusable items.
• Cottage industry staztup and operation.
5.4.10.3 Educational opportunities for students. Students, with appropriate
supervision, may be involved in skills training mentioned in the
preceding section, in creation and operation of cottage industries, and in
volunteer activities. NRCs provide many opportunities for students to
apply academic knowledge in a real world, but sheltered, environment.
Community enterprise center vendors aze encouraged to incorporate
educational opportunities for students in their programs.
5.4.10.4 Volunteer opportunities. Volunteer help is always welcome at NRCs.
Volunteers assist with landscaping, helping customers unload
recyclables and reusables, operation of the community enterprise center,
and other light duties. Community enterprise center vendors aze
responsible for establishing and maintaining active volunteer programs.
5.4.10.5 Community facilities development/repair. Some community enterprise
center vendors elect to channel reusable materials and human resources
into community assistance programs, such as construction or repair of
community facilities. This generates good will in the community and
38
encourages residents to recycle and reuse by providing visible examples
of recycling and reuse in action.
5.4.10.6 Low income housing. Materials reuse and job training programs may
also be built azound the need for improvement/replacement of
substandazd housing. Vendors may see housing rehabilitation as a job
training opportunity, or reserve certain C & D materials for donation to
qualified low income persons performing home repairs.
5.4.11 Disaster miti ag
tion. For personal safety, protecfion of property, and prevention of
rubbish dispersal, the following measures aze employed as necessary:
• If a NRC is threatened by a high wind event, light items in outdoor storage are
moved indoors or tied down securely.
• If a NRC is threatened by flood, tsunami, or lava flow, portable equipment is
moved to a safe location.
• At the discretion of on-site supervisors, events and activities maybe
cancelled.
5.5 Deposit Container Redemption Center
5.5.1 NRC classes: Standazd in Classes 1 and 2; allowed in Class 3 enterprise zones
5.5.2 General description. Deposit container redemption centers aze located at Class 1
and Class 2 NRCs for the convenience of customers. Redemption centers at NRCs
aze intended to supplement privately operated redemption centers or to service
remote azeas not served by private redemption centers. To encourage redemption
services in more remote azeas, privately operated redemption centers aze permitted
in Class 3 NRC enterprise zones on a space available basis.
The state's deposit container law will become effective on January 1, 2005, and
amendments to the law aze expected before then. As a result, this plan is
incomplete with respect to redemption centers, and may have to be modified to
address legislative changes expected in the 20041egislative session.
5.5.3 Customers. Any person may redeem eligible deposit beverage containers at a
NRC deposit container redemption center.
5.5.4 Staff. A NRC redemption center is staffed and operated by a private vendor, under
contract with the County.
5.5.5 Buildings and infrastructure. The redemption center is sited to be easily accessible
and to minimize traffic impacts on other NRC activities. It provides space for
intake, processing, storage, and shipment of deposit beverage containers in
accordance with state law. At Class 1 and Class 2 NRCs, a building is provided by
the County. At Class 3 NRCs, the redemption center vendor is responsible for
providing suitable shelter for the operation.
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5.5.6 Equipment. Redemption center vendors aze responsible for providing, operating,
and maintaining all equipment required by their operations plans.
5.5.7 Materials. At the deposit container redemption center, customers redeem deposit
beverage containers as defined in Section 342G-101, Hawaii Revised Statutes.
No other materials aze accepted at the deposit container redemption center.
5.5.8 Mazkets. Redeemed beverage containers aze sent to mazkets selected by the
deposit container redemption center vendors.
5.5.9 Operations policies, standazds, and practices. Detailed operations policies,
standazds, and practices to be determined after final legislative changes to Chapter
342G, H.R.S.
5.5.10 Linkages with community needs. The Hawaii beverage container deposit law
addresses the problem of illegal dumping and contributes to more resource
efficient solid waste management. NRC deposit container redemption centers play
a vital role by providing convenient redemption centers, especially in rural areas.
5.5.11 Disaster miti¢ation. Vendors are responsible for taking positive measures to
protect buildings and equipment from impending disasters. Such measures may
include moving or tying down equipment and light items to prevent airborne
hazazds, and securing buildings.
5.6 Enterprise Zone
5.6.1 NRC class: 3
5.6.2 General description. The enterprise zone is an area of about five acres reserved for
local businesses (not necessarily startups) producing value-added products made
from, or providing services related to, recyclable/reusable materials collected at
the NRC. The purpose of the enterprise zone is to stimulate creation of local
markets for recycled/reused products and jobs to supply those mazkets. The
enterprise zone also increases the number of recycling opportunities available to
NRC customers, in terms of locations and types of materials. Businesses may
lease space in an enterprise zone, on a space available basis, after approval by the
County of applications, realistic business plans, and operations plans. Examples of
business activities suitable for enterprise zones include:
• Deposit beverage container redemption.
• Manufacture of items from recycled glass.
• Scrap vehicle towing and recycling.
• U-pick-it auto parts.
• White goods repair and sale.
• Furniture refinishing.
• Manufacture of products from used tires.
• Vermicomposting.
40
5.6.3 Customers. Any resident or business may purchase products produced by an
enterprise zone business.
5.6.4 Staff. Each enterprise zone business is responsible for satisfying its own staffing
needs.
5.6.5 Buildinus and infrastructure. Each enterprise zone business is responsible for
furnishing and maintaining its own shelter.
5.6.6 Eauinment. Each enterprise zone business is responsible for famishing and
maintaining its own equipment.
5.6.7 Materials. A business operating in a NRC enterprise zone must use,
predominantly, one or more of the acceptable materials listed in Table 5.1.
5.6.8 Mazkets. Each enterprise zone business determines appropriate mazkets for its
products.
5.6.9 Operations policies, standazds, and practices.
• Businesses may lease space on an as available basis, through a public
procurement process deternuned by the County.
• Terms of leases may vary, but will be sufficient to enable amortization of
capital costs.
• Business operations must be conducted in accordance with all applicable laws
and regulations, and must be permitted as required by cognizant agencies.
• Businesses aze responsible for installing and maintaining any site
improvements required. Upon termination of leases, all such improvements
become the property of the County.
• Operations must be kept clean and orderly, as appropriate for the type of
business.
• Enterprise zone businesses may not duplicate or compete with services
provided by contracted vendors at the same NRC.
5.6.10 Linka¢es with community needs. NRC enterprise zones address the community
need for job creation (see Section 5.4.10.1). Depending upon the types of business
tenants, enterprise zones may also address illegal dumping and resource
conservation issues.
5.6.11 Disaster mitigation. Vendors aze responsible for taking positive measures to
protect buildings and equipment from impending disasters. Such measures may
include moving or tying down equipment and light items to prevent airborne
hazards, and securing buildings.
5.7 Mixed Rubbish and Household Recyclables Dropoff Zone
5.7.1 NRC classes: 1, 2, 3, 4
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5.7.2 General description. The rubbish and household recyclables dropoff zone provides
one-stop convenience for dropoff of both types of material. This is the primary
destination for most NRC customers.
5.7.3 Customers. Rubbish and recyclables zones at all NRCs aze open to al] residents
using automobiles, pickup trucks, vans, or small trailers to. self-haul materials.
Small businesses self-hauling materials in automobiles, pickup trucks, vans, or
small trailers may use Class 2 NRCs. All businesses, including commercial
haulers, may use Class 1 NRCs. If the County elects at some time in the future to
provide residential refuse collection service, County refuse collection crews will
use all NRCs for rubbish transfer.
5.7.4 Staff. Former County transfer station attendants and truck drivers continue to
perform their former duties relative to rubbish collection and transfer at all NRCs.
At Class 1 and Class 2 NRCs, community enterprise center vendors monitor the
rubbish and recyclables zones, under contract with the County. See the discussion
in Section 5.4 for details. Vendors are responsible for determining the number of
attendants required at each NRC.
At Class 3 NRCs, private security guazds monitor activities and enforce
regulations at the rubbish and recyclables stations, under contract with the
County. As required by the contract, guazds receive periodic training in the
purpose and functions of NRCs, customer relations, principles of integrated solid
waste management, and County expectations. The presence of uniformed security
guards at NRCs may discourage some customers from using NRCs and thus
contribute to illegal dumping. The County is encouraged to discuss with security
vendors more customer-friendly alternatives (e.g., custom aloha shirts) to typical
security uniforms.
5.7.5 Buildines and infrastructure. As this plan was being produced, two parties were
working on conceptual plans for NRCs or parts thereof. For purposes of showing
how a NRC rubbish and household recyclables zone might function, a concept is
included in this plan. After comparing it with the other conceptual plans, the
County may choose to accept or reject it.
Each NRC mixed rubbish and household recyclables dropoff zone consists of one
or more identical drop stations, each with one rubbish chute and transfer trailer,
plus two adjacent rolloff containers for household recyclables. One additional
rolloff container is placed at each drop station at Class 3 NRCs for collection of
scrap metals. This arrangement is made possible by pazking the transfer trailer
perpendiculaz to the retaining wall at grade sepazation. A metal chute affixed to
the retaining wall directs rubbish into the transfer trailer. Rolloff containers aze
also situated with the longest dimension perpendiculaz to the retaining wall, with a
sturdy pier between containers, giving customers access to the full length of each
container. The pier is equipped with railings to prevent falls. Metal chutes over
the rolloff containers prevent materials from blowing away.
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Hydraulic controls for the rubbish compactor are located on the customer level,
adjacent to the rubbish chute. Controls aze secured to prevent tampering. This
location gives the operator a cleaz view of the compactor action, as well as control
over customer actions during compaction.
Two parking stalls are clearly mazked in front of each rubbish chute. Two or more
additional pazking stalls aze marked in front of the recycling containers. At least
one of the parking stalls in front of recycling containers is reserved for customers
who aze recycling only.
Customer traffic and service vehicles utilize grade sepazated access roads and
apron areas. This allows customers to throw materials down into transfer trailers
and rolloff containers. Grade sepazation is maintained by a concrete retaining
wall, as at former transfer stations. A chain link fence runs along the top of the
retaining wall to prevent customers from falling.
Queue lanes leading to the rubbish and recycling stations provide sufficient
storage for periods of peak traffic (minus the Christmas and New Year holiday
peaks).
Many recyclable materials aze sensitive to rain, dust, ultraviolet degradation, and
other climate-related hazazds. Affected materials may be reduced in value or
rendered non-recyclable. Customers, too, aze affected. At KRRC, recycling
activity diminishes during periods of rain. To shelter both sensitive materials and
customers, canopies cover rubbish and household recyclables drop stations.
Vertical cleazance between the pads on which transfer trailers and rolloff
containers sit and the underside of the canopy is sufficient for pazking transfer
trailers and loading/unloading rolloff containers. Vertical clearance between the
pavement at customer level and the underside of the canopy is sufficient for
automobiles, pickup trucks, vans, and refuse compactor trucks (in case the County
elects at some time in the future to implement residential refuse collection
service).
Pad azeas for transfer trailers and rolloff containers aze well drained to ensure
continuous operations during periods of heavy rain.
At Class 1, 2, and 3 NRCs, a water spigot is located neaz each set of recycling
rolloff containers for customers who need to rinse their hands after discarding
recyclables. Spigots are designed without hose bibs to prevent other uses of the
water.
5.7.6 Equipment. Rolloff containers used to collect and transport recyclable materials
aze standardized as to size (40 cubic yazds), configuration, color, and logos
throughout the NRC system. Rolloff containers aze supplied by private recycling
vendors. County transfer vehicles and signs are also identifiable by the standazd
NRC color scheme and logo. These measures assist in providing consistent
43
experiences for customers at every NRC in the system. Each drop station at a
NRC rubbish and household recyclables zone is equipped with:
• One transfer trailer to receive rubbish.
• Two 40 cubic yard rolloff containers to receive household recyclables.
• One 40 cubic yard rolloff container to receive scrap metals (Class 2 and Class
3 only).
• One sign at the rubbish chute listing materials that may not be placed in the
transfer trailer.
• One lazge sign in front of each recycling container listing and illustrating
acceptable and unacceptable materials and practices.
5.7.7 Materials. This zone is designed and operated to receive mixed rubbish (defined
in Section 1.1.12) and household recyclables (defined in Section 1.1.7).
The County uses atwo-stream recycling system (defined in Section 1.1.22) for
household recyclables. One stream goes into each of the two rolloff containers.
Recyclables are hauled from the NRCs, processed, and recycled by private
recycling vendors under contract with the County.
Rubbish from East Hawaii NRCs is hauled to the Hilo NRC, where conspicuous
recyclables are removed. Residue is then transported to the West Hawaii landfill.
Rubbish from West Hawaii NRCs is hauled directly to the West Hawaii landfill.
5.7.8 Mazkets. The final destination for rubbish is West Hawaii landfill. Recyclable
materials aze shipped to recycling mazkets selected by the County's private
recycling vendors.
5.7.9 Operations policies, standazds, and practices.
• All NRC users are treated as valued customers, with respect and courtesy.
• At least one attendant monitors dropoff activities at all times to guard against
dumping of disallowed materials, report policy infractions, and provide
educational services.
• Attendants aze not security guazds or law enforcement officers. They may
inform, request, discuss, and coax only. Details of serious violations or
disputes must be reported to supervisors.
• Attendants at Class 2 NRC rubbish and recyclables zones are required to
collect tip fee coupons from business customers. Coupons aze cancelled with a
stamp immediately upon receipt. See Chapter VI for more information about
coupons.
• Commercial haulers and other business customers may use Class 1 NRCs and
landfills. They pay tip fees at the scale houses.
• Small business customers may also deliver rubbish and recyclables to Class 2
NRCs. They pay tip fees to attendants, using coupons purchased in advance
from the County Department of Finance. Coupon values correspond to
tonnage-based tip fees paid at solid waste facilities equipped with vehicle
scales.
• Children must remain inside vehicles at all times.
44
• As recycling increases, the amount of rubbish may decrease. The County
monitors rubbish quantities and adjusts hauling frequencies as necessary. At
some point, converting from the current fixed schedule hauling system to an
as needed hauling system maybe advantageous.
• Contract prices constitute the County's sole compensation to recycling
vendors. The County does not pay diversion credits for materials collected at
NRCs.
• Whenever a full rolloff container is pulled for servicing, it must be
immediately replaced with an empty container. Vendors aze required to have
and maintain an adequate number of spare rolloff containers to ensure that
customers always have access to the same number of containers.
• Hazazdous materials, used tires, automotive type batteries, dead animals, and
items greater than four feet in length may not be placed in transfer trailers.
• Reusable items may not be placed beside rubbish chutes. They maybe taken
to the reuse center at Class 1 and Class 2 NRCs, or placed in transfer trailers at
Class 3 and Class 4 NRCs.
5.7.10 Linkaees with community needs. See the discussion in Section 5.4.
5.7.11 Disaster miti ag
tion. For personal safety, protection of property, and prevention of
rubbish dispersal, the following measures are employed as necessary:
• Areas azound transfer trailers and rolloff containers aze designed and
maintained to promote rapid drainage.
• In advance of foreseeable high wind events, transfer trailers and rolloff
containers aze immobilized with steel cables and anchors to prevent tipping or
rolling.
• Permanently installed generators power rubbish compactors in the event of
power failure.
• Sturdy nets cover rolloff containers to prevent blowing of contents in high
wind events.
• Trailers and rolloff containers aze moved to safe locations if pads on which
they sit are threatened with flooding or tsunami.
• If a NRC is threatened by lava flow, equipment is moved to safe locations.
• NRCs aze closed to public use at the discretion of County officials.
5.8 Greenwaste Dropoff Zone
5.8.1 NRC classes: 1, 2, 3
5.8.2 General description. The greenwaste dropoff zone is an azea of about five acres
located as remotely as possible from other activities on site to minimize noise,
dust, particulate, and projectile hazards.
5.8.3 Customers. All residents using automobiles, pickup trucks, vans, or small trailers
to self-haul greenwaste may deliver greenwaste to designated NRCs. Small
45
businesses using automobiles, pickup trucks, vans, or small trailers may deliver
greenwaste to Class 1 and Class 2 NRCs. Tip fee policies regazding greenwaste
delivered to NRCs by small businesses aze specified in the Hawaii County Code.
5.8.4 Staff. Each greenwaste zone requires at least one attendant on duty during NRC
operating hours. Greenwaste zone attendants are employees of the County's
community enterprise center vendors. At Class 3 NRCs, where there are no
community enterprise centers, vendors from Class 1 or Class 2 NRCs aze
contracted to monitor greenwaste zones. To ensure that the County's organics
diversion vendor receives and processes material that meets expectations,
attendants receive regulaz and comprehensive training and supervision from
community enterprise center vendors, County staff, organics diversion vendors,
and outside trainers. The community enterprise center vendor and the organics
diversion vendor for each NRC meet regulazly to review activities and resolve
problems.
Equipment operators who handle and process greenwaste aze employees of the
County's organics diversion vendor. The number and work schedules of
equipment operators at any given site aze established by the vendor.
5.8.5 Buildings and infrastructure. To prevent damage to equipment from rocks and
soil, areas used for greenwaste collection, storage, and processing aze asphalt
paved. The greenwaste zone is equipped with a small shelter for the attendant's
use. On-site water supply is available at the greenwaste zone for dust control and
fire suppression.
5.8.6 Equipment. The greenwaste zone at each NRC is equipped with:
• Any and all equipment determined by the organics diversion vendor to be
necessary to meet contractual obligations. All such equipment is furnished,
operated, and maintained by the organics diversion vendor. Equipment
typically includes a grinder, rubber-tired loader, and trucks.
• At the entrance to the greenwaste zone, one lazge sign listing and illustrating
acceptable and unacceptable materials. The sign exhibits the standazd NRC
color scheme and logo.
5.8.7 Materials. Only greenwaste as defined in Section 1.1.5 is permitted in the
greenwaste zone. The attendant is responsible for monitoring incoming loads,
preventing contamination of the greenwaste stockpile, and manually removing
minor contaminants from the stockpile.
5.8.8 Markets. At remote NRCs designated by the County, mulch is donated to the
public. Wherever economically feasible, greenwaste is ground at the NRC and
mulch is hauled to the organics diversion vendor's compost facility for conversion
to value-added products. Specific mazkets for finished products aze arranged by
the vendor.
5.8.9 Operations policies, standazds, and practices.
• All NRC users are treated as valued customers, with respect and courtesy.
46
• The minimum contract term for organics diversion vendors servicing NRCs is
ten yeazs, to provide adequate equipment amortization time.
• At least one attendant monitors dropoff activities at all times to guazd against
dumping of disallowed materials, report policy infractions, and provide
educational services.
• Attendants aze not security guazds or law enforcement officers. They may
inform, request, discuss, and coax only. Details of serious violations or
disputes must be reported to supervisors.
• Attendants at Class 2 NRC greenwaste zones aze required to collect tip fee
coupons from business customers. Coupons aze cancelled with a stamp
immediately upon receipt. See Chapter VI for more information about
coupons.
• Organics diversion vendors are responsible for establishing and enforcing
safety zones around all operating grinders, due to the potential for projectiles.
The size and configuration of a safety zone depends upon the type grinder in
use and its configuration. A safety zone may extend as faz as 100 yazds from a
grinder.
• When possible, grinding operations aze set up so prevailing winds blow dust
and particulates away from equipment operators and azeas used by customers.
• Organics diversion vendors aze required to employ dust control measures
during grinding operations.
• Organics diversion vendors aze required to prepare, maintain, and implement
as necessary plans for preventing and responding to fires and vectors.
• Equipment operators and greenwaste zone attendants aze required to have and
use safety geaz, such as hazd hats, eye protection, steel toe shoes, and dust
masks.
• Customers must empty plastic bags containing greenwaste and either reuse the
bags or dispose of them at the rubbish and recycling station.
• Children must remain in vehicles at all times.
• Depending upon bid prices from vendors, the County elects to have
greenwaste ground and left on site as mulch for customer pickup, or hauled by
organics diversion vendors to their composting sites for conversion to value-
added products. The standazd for detemrnining mulch versus value-added
products relates to disposal costs. If hauling and production of value-added
products cost less than hauling and disposal of rubbish from a given NRC, the
County requires production ofvalue-added products. If hauling and
production of value-added products cost more than hauling and disposal of
rubbish from a given NRC, the County requires production of mulch to be left
on site.
• Contract prices constitute the County's sole compensation to organics
diversion vendors. The County does not pay diversion credits for materials
collected at NRCs.
5.8.10 Linkages with community needs. On this soil-starved island, local production of
mulch, compost, and related products supplies a local need, while creating local
jobs and displacing imported products with their associated fuel costs and solid
waste.
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5.8.11 Disaster miri ag
tion. For personal safety, protection of property, and prevention of
rubbish dispersal, the following measures aze employed as necessary:
• In advance of high wind events, any equipment on site is tied down or moved
to a safe location.
• If a NRC is threatened by flooding, tsunami, or lava flow, any equipment on
site is moved to safe locations.
• NRCs are closed to public use at the discretion of County officials.
5.9 Scrap Metals Dropoff Zone
5.9.1 NRC classes: 1, 2
5.9.2 General description. This zone provides customer dropoff convenience for scrap
vehicles and other scrap metal items. A scrap metals rolloff container is provided
at Class 3 NRC rubbish and recyclables zones in lieu of scrap metals zones. In
addition, scrap vehicles maybe collected by private businesses in Class 3 NRC
enterprise zones. Scrap metals dropoff zones aze located as remotely as possible
from other activities to minimize noise and dust hazazds.
5.9.3 Customers. All residents and small businesses using automobiles, pickup trucks,
vans, or small trailers to self-haul scrap metals or scrap vehicles may deliver scrap
metals and scrap vehicles to designated NRCs. Commercial tow truck operators
also may deliver scrap vehicles to designated NRCs.
5.9.4 Staff. Each scrap metals zone requires at least one attendant on duty during NRC
operating hours. Scrap metals zone attendants are employees of the County's
community enterprise center vendors. To ensure that the County's scrap metals
vendors receive and process materials that meet expectations, attendants receive
regulaz and comprehensive training and supervision from County staff, scrap
metals vendors, and outside trainers. The community enterprise center vendors
and scrap metals vendors meet regularly to review activities and resolve problems.
Equipment operators who handle and process scrap metals are employees of the
County's scrap metals vendors. The number and work schedules of equipment
operators at any given site are established by their employers.
5.9.5 Buildings and infrastructure. To prevent damage to equipment from rocks and
soil, and to prevent contamination of recyclable materials with mud, scrap metals
zones aze paved. Every scrap metals zone is equipped with a small shelter for the
attendants' use. On-site water supply is available at the scrap metals zone for dust
control and fire suppression.
5.9.6 Equipment. The scrap metals zone at each NRC is equipped with:
• Any and all equipment determined by the scrap metals vendor to be necessary
to meet contractual obligations. All such equipment is fiunished, operated, and
maintained by the scrap metals vendor.
48
• At the entrance to the scrap metals station, one lazge sign listing and
illustrating acceptable and unacceptable materials. The sign exhibits the
standazd NRC color scheme and logo.
5.9.7 Materials. Only scrap metals and scrap vehicles as defined in Sections 1.1.19 and
1.1.20 aze permitted in the scrap metals zone. Attendants are responsible for
monitoring incoming loads and preventing contamination of stockpiles.
5.9.8 Markets. Scrap metals aze shipped to recycling mazkets selected by the County's
scrap metals vendors.
5.9.9 Operations policies, standards, and practices.
• All NRC users aze treated as valued customers, with respect and courtesy.
• The minimum contract term for scrap metals vendors servicing NRCs is ten
yeazs, to provide adequate equipment amortization time.
• At least one attendant monitors dropoff activities at all times to guard against
dumping of disallowed materials, report policy infractions, and provide
educational services.
• Attendants aze not security guazds or law enforcement officers. They may
inform, request, discuss, and coax only. Details of serious violations or
disputes must be reported to supervisors.
• Attendants at Class 2 NRC scrap metals zones aze required to collect tip fee
coupons from business customers. Coupons are cancelled with a stamp
immediately upon receipt. See Chapter VI for more information about
coupons.
• Scrap metals vendors aze responsible for establishing and enforcing
appropriate safety zones around all operating crushers.
• Vendors aze required to employ dust control measures during operations.
• Equipment operators and scrap metals zone attendants aze required to have
and use safety geaz, such as hard hats, eye protection, steel toe shoes, and dust
masks.
• Children must remain in vehicles at all times.
• Contract prices constitute the County's sole compensation to scrap metals
vendors. The County does not pay diversion credits for materials collected at
NRCs.
5.9.10 Linkaees with community needs. Illegal dumping is a problem on the Big Island.
Abandoned vehicles aze especially problematic. The convenience of additional
authorized dropoff sites for scrap metals and scrap vehicles encourages residents
to properly dispose of metal items. This has the added benefit of increasing the
County's recycling rate, while adding and sustaining local recycling jobs.
5.9.11 Disaster mitigation. For personal safety, protection of property, and prevention of
metal dispersal, the following measures aze employed as necessary:
• Anchors and sturdy nets cover stockpiles to prevent blowing of light scrap
metal objects during high wind events.
49
• Equipment is moved to safe locations if a NRC is threatened by flooding,
tsunami, or lava flow.
• NRCs are closed to public use at the discretion of County officials.
5.10 Disaster Debris Dropoff Zone
5.10.1 NRC classes: 1, 2
5.10.2 General description. This zone provides a convenient place for storage and
processing of debris generated by disaster events. Following declared disasters,
the disaster debris zone facilitates sepazation of eligible debris from ineligible
debris, which goes to other zones within the NRC. Between disasters, this zone is
used for any overflow materials from other zones, and for special events.
5.10.3 Customers. Residential and business self-haulers and commercial haulers may
deliver eligible disaster debris to designated NRCs.
5.10.4 Staff. The County, in cooperation with state and federal disaster management
officials, is responsible for staffing disaster debris zones during post disaster
operations. The County uses in-house staff or contractors as necessary. At a
minimum, one attendant will be stationed at the gate house during hours of
operation. Additional attendants and inspectors will be needed to monitor and
inspect dumping and loading activities in stockpile areas.
5.10.5 Buildings and infrastructure. Every disaster debris zone is equipped with a small
shelter for the attendants' use. On-site water supply is available at the disaster
debris zone for dust control and fire suppression.
5.10.6 Eouipment. The disaster debris zone at each NRC is equipped with:
• Any and all equipment determined necessary by the County to meet demand.
Equipment may be furnished by the County from regulaz inventory, leased by
the County, or furnished by outside contractors.
• One shelter at the entrance to serve as a gate house.
• One elevated viewing platform to enable attendants and inspectors to view
contents of incoming and outgoing loads.
• At the entrance to the disaster debris zone, one lazge sign listing acceptable
and unacceptable materials. The sign exhibits the standard NRC color scheme
and logo.
5.10.7 Materials. Only eligible disaster debris is accepted at disaster debris zones.
Eligible disaster debris means, generally, recyclable or reusable debris du•ectly
attributable to a declazed disaster, the storage, processing, and transport of which
is eligible for cost reimbursement from state or federal disaster management
agencies. Eligible disaster debris may also include incidental amounts of non-
recyclableand non-reusable debris mixed with recyclable and reusable debris, and
50
non-recyclable and non-reusable debris requiring processing before transport to a
disposal facility.
Eligible disaster debris normally is limited to debris from the public domain, as
opposed to debris from private property. For the most current definitions of
eligible disaster debris, refer to County, State Civil Defense, and Federal
Emergency Management Agency regulations.
Disaster debris zone attendants are responsible for monitoring incoming loads and
preventing mixing or contamination of stockpiles.
5.10.8 Mazkets. Much disaster debris can be reused or recycled. This applies to
greenwaste, concrete and asphalt rubble, untreated lumber and wood objects,
metal roofing and other metal objects, and other materials. The County, or its
contractors, will be responsible for locating mazkets for processed debris.
5.10.9 Overations policies. standazds, and practices.
• All NRC users aze treated as valued customers, with respect and courtesy.
• Attendants and inspectors monitor dropoff activities at all times to guard
against dumping of disallowed materials, report policy infractions, and
provide educational services.
• Attendants are not security guazds or law enforcement officers. They may
inform, request, discuss, and coax only. Details of serious violations or
disputes must be reported to supervisors.
• Attendants at Class 2 NRC disaster debris zones aze required to collect tip fee
coupons from business customers. Coupons aze cancelled with a stamp
immediately upon receipt. See Chapter VI for more information about
coupons.
• The County and its vendors aze responsible for establishing and enforcing
appropriate safety zones azound all operating equipment for the protection of
customers.
• Vendors aze required to employ dust and noise control measures during
operations.
• Equipment operators and disaster debris zone attendants aze required to have
and use safety geaz, such as hazd hats, eye protection, steel toe shoes, and dust
masks.
• Children must remain in vehicles at all times.
• Contract prices constitute the County's sole compensation to vendors. The
County does not pay diversion credits for materials collected at NRCs.
5.10.10 Linkages with community needs. Disaster debris places extraordinary strains on a
community's solid waste management system. Advance prepazation is key to
handling the extra load. Disaster debris dropoff zones will enable the County to
respond quickly and efficiently to any future disasters.
5.10.11 Disaster miti ag
lion. For protection of persons and property, the following
measures aze employed as necessary:
51
• Anchors and sturdy nets cover any existing stockpiles of light objects during
high wind events.
• Equipment is moved to safe locations if a NRC is threatened by flooding,
tsunami, or lava flow.
• NRCs aze closed to public use at the discretion of County officials.
5.11 Future of the Model
5.11.1 Additions. The model described in this chapter is ambitious and challenging.
More features could have been added, but were not in recognition of the County's
limited resources and other urgent solid waste issues. When the model as
described has been fully implemented island-wide, or if special purpose resources
become available, the following addifions to the NRC program aze recommended:
• More frequent household hazardous waste collection events, and eventually
continuous collection capacity at the NRCs.
• Collection of additional plastics resins.
• Waste reduction technology at Class 1 NRCs.
• Collection of used tires.
• Advance disposal fees on all materials.
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VI. ACTION PLAN FOR SUSTAINING & REPLICATING THE MODEL
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to identify specific tasks to be
accomplished in order to convert the current system of transfer stations to a
system of neighborhood recycling centers.
6.1.2 Structure of chapter. Implementation of this plan will occur in phases. The
planning phase consists of tasks that need to occur before any others. Pre-
developmentphase tasks are those which must occur before each transfer station
is enhanced. Design phase tasks aze required during the design process for each
transfer station enhancement. Tasks involved in construction of improvements at
individual transfer stations occur during the construction phase. The construction
phase also includes some tasks preliminary to operations. Operations phase tasks
aze recurring tasks required during the life of each NRC. In summazy, the
planning phase lays the groundwork for enhancement of all facilities, while the
other phases are repeated for enhancement of individual facilities.
6.2 Planning Phase
6.2.1 Task: Review and approve this plan. The plan is to be reviewed and approved by
the Environmental Management Commission and the Mayor. County Council
members will receive informational copies of the approved plan.
Responsible agencies: Department of Environmental Management and Mayor's
Office
Complete by: Apri130, 2004
6.2.2 Task: Idenrify disparities in parcel sizes vs. NRC standards; then determine
course of action for each facility. Table 6.1 shows acreage disparities between
current sites and minimum NRC acreage. In some cases, sites indicated as being
too small currently maybe sufficient, depending upon site dimensions and
configuration. An engineering analysis will assist in making determinations.
Options open to the County include:
• Buy or lease additional land.
• Move to new sites.
• Squeeze NRC facilities onto existing sites.
• Postpone implementation of some standazd NRC features.
• Eliminate or reduce some standazd NRC features.
• Downgrade some NRCs to lower classes.
53
Responsible agencies: Department of Environmental Management and Mayor's
Office
Complete by: June 30, 2004
Table 6.1: Parcel Size Dis arities
Current NRC Additional
Size Standard Acreage
Transfer Station Acres Acres Needed
Glenwood 1.97 15 13.03
Hilo 72.70 35 0.00
Honoka'a 0.73 15 14.27
Honomu 0.84 3 2.16
Ka'auhuhu Kohala/Hawi 17.28 25 7.72
Kahuku Ocean View Estates 0.00 25 25.00
Kala ana 13.20 3 0.00
Kea'au 19.54 25 5.46
Kealakehe ailua-Kona 30.32 35 4.68
Keauhou 5.47 25 19.53
Ke'ei 11.60 15 3.40
Lau ahoehoe 1.02 3 1.98
Miloli'i 0.17 3 2.83
Pa'auilo 0.85 3 2.15
Pahala 0.75 3 2.25
Pahoa 3.77 25 21.23
Pa aikou 0.57 15 14.43
Puako 8.90 15 6.10
Volcano 2.19 3 0.81
Waiea 2.28 3 0.72
Waimea 0.31 25 24.69
Waiohinu 31.65 15 0.00
Total Additional Acrea a Needed 172.44
6.2.3 Task: Determine priority order of transfer station enhancements. Table 6.2
displays enhancement priorities based on annual tonnage received and NRC class
designations, with some adjustment for geographical balance. These priorities
may be affirmed or changed. Once final priorities have been established,
determine the fiscal yeaz in which each transfer station will be enhanced,
consistent with Objectives 1.3 and 1.4 in Chapter 4.
ResQonsible agcy: Department of Environmental Management
Complete by: June 30, 2004
Table 6.2: Transfer Station Enhancement Priorities
Transfer Station Priori County Fiscal Year
Hilo 1
54
Kealakehe Kailua-Kona 2
Kea'au 3
Waimea 4
Kahuku Ocean View Estates 5
Keauhou 6
Ka'auhuhu Kohala/Hawi 7
Pahoa 8
Honoka'a 9
Pa aikou 10
Glenwood 11
Puako 12
Ke'ei 13
Waiohinu 14
Waiea 15
Honomu 16
Volcano 17
Pa'auilo 18
Pahala 19
Lau ahoehoe 20
Kala ana 21
Miloli'i 22
6.2.4 Task: Based on land requirements and transfer station enhancement priorities,
develop a timeline for completing enhancements. Some enhancements may span
several yeazs, depending on need for additional land, capital improvements budget
priorities, and other factors. Mapping out the timeline over the next ten yeazs is
essential to making the process flow as smoothly as possible.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: RCAC
Complete by: September 30, 2004
6.2.5 Task: Create a logo and color scheme for the NRCs. A logo can be created
through a community contest or by a professional. If through a community
contest, the winning entry should be professionally finished, with permission from
the creator. The color scheme is designed to harmonize with the logo.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: Recycle Hawaii
Complete by: December 31, 2004
6.2.6 Task: Create and implement a cost data model for tracking actual costs at
individual facilities. To facilitate analysis of the cost effectiveness of the new
55
system, and to evaluate operations alternatives, the County needs a detailed cost
model. The model must be able to track, for each NRC, actual costs of budget line
items, quantities of materials hauled monthly, total and per mile hauling costs per
material, and any revenues realized from sale of diverted materials.
Responsible a
ems: Department of Environmental Management and
Department of Finance
Resource aeencv: RCAC
Complete by: Opening of the first NRC
6.2.7 Task: Establish a tip fee coupon program by ordinance and print coupons. Smal]
business customers using NRCs will have to pay tip fees, just as they aze required
to do at landfills. The most effective means of payment is by pre-paid coupons
purchased from the Department of Finance. Coupons can be printed in
"denominations" matching haul vehicles; e.g., automobile, small pickup, full size
pickup, minivan, full size van. Average volume for each denomination can be
converted to tonnage to calculate the selling price for each coupon. Tip fees paid
by coupon must approximate tip fees paid by weight for similaz loads. Important
note: coupons aze the equivalent of money, and must be treated as such, with
proper controls on their printing, handling, and storage. This task will involve
amendment of the Hawaii County Code. Class 1 NRCs will have vehicle scales,
so this task applies only to Class 2 NRCs.
Responsible agencies: Department of Environmental Management, Department of
Finance, and County Council
Resource agencies: RCAC and County of Kauai Department of Finance
Complete by: Opening of the first Class 2 NRC.
6.2.8 Potential sources of fundins. How to pay for development and operation of NRCs
is a critical topic. It can be discussed only in generalities in this plan due to the
many uncertainties yet to be dealt with. The County has funded continuation of
KRRC in its temporary form through June 30, 2004. The next step is to include
continuation funding in the Department of Environmental Management operating
budget for fiscal yeaz 2004 - 2005. The remaining issue is funding for conversion
of Kea`au and other transfer stations to NRCs, followed by operation of NRCs.
Consideration of funding options must be continuous, beginning in the planning
phase, both to plan for funding when it is needed and to take advantage of
opportunities that may present themselves. Table 6.3 lists potential sources of
funding and their applicability.
Table 6.3: Potential Sources of Revenue
Fundin Source A licabili to NRCs
Coun ca ital im rovements bud et Ca ital costs
Communi develo ment block ants Ca ital costs
56
State ca ital im rovements bud et Ca ital costs
Disaster miti ation ants Ca ital costs -disaster debris zones
Glass container ADF Glass rec clip
Coun enerai fund erations
Coun ti fees erations
Ent rise zone leases erations
Donations to eligible community Operations -community enterprise
ent rise center vendors centers
Job training grants Operations -community enterprise
centers
Sales of reusable items Operations -community enterprise
centers
D osit container handlin fees erations - redem tion centers
6.3 Pre-development Phase
6.3.1 Task: Include transfer station enhancements and NRC operations in annual
capital improvements and operating budgets. Budgeting for the conversion of
transfer stations to NRCs must be done for each individual facility. The following
factors will cause costs to vary from one facility to another:
• Upgrade of existing facility vs. construction of new facility.
• Class of NRC being created.
• Land requirements.
• Location of facility.
• Haul distances for various materials.
• Ability of vendors to leverage County resources.
Some items may need to be included in budgets several years in advance of design
and construction of a NRC. Refer to the timeline created in Task 6.2.4 to ensure
items are budgeted in a timely manner. Typical budget items for a NRC are listed
in Table 6.4. Note that not every item will apply to every NRC.
Responsible aEeriCV: Department of Environmental Management
Complete by: Deadlines established for annual budget cycles
Table 6.4: Bud et Tem late for Conversion of Transfer Stations
Estimated Potential Funding
Phase Cost Item uanti Cost Source
Planning Purchase/lease additional
land
Pre-develo ment Ti fee cou ons
Cost data model
57
Design Preliminary engineering
r ort
En ~ eerin desi
Permits
Construction Construction contract
Public education
Training for County and
vendor em to ees
Operations Community enterprise
center vendor
Deposit container
redem tion center vendor
Or anics diversion vendor
Scra metals vendor
Household recyclables
vendor
Coun attendants
Coun truck drivers
Electrici
Water
Public education
County equipment
maintenance, fuel, etc.
Transfer trailer leases
6.3.2 Task: Procure additional land if needed. The first step in enhancing any transfer
station with insufficient acreage will be procurement of additional land. Purchase
or lease of private property, use of state land, and land swaps with county and
state agencies aze possible mechanisms. Allow for a significantly longer planning
phase for sites requiring expansion.
Responsible agencies: Deparhnent of Environmental Management and County
Council
Complete by: Beginning of design phase
6.3.3 Task: Create partnerships. Individuals, schools, nonprofit organizations, and
businesses in communities surrounding a transfer station will have roles in NRC
development and operation, particulazly with respect to Class 1 and Class 2
58
NRCs. Reaffirming existing partnerships and creating new ones before the design
process begins will facilitate community acceptance and ownership of the NRC.
Responsible aeencv: Department of Environmental Management
Complete by: Beginning of design phase
6.4 Design Phase
6.4.1 Task: Assess design needs for the next facility to be enhanced. County staff will
need to assess design requirements for each transfer station in order to select
qualified consultants. Table 6.5 is a checklist to assist with the assessment.
Responsible aeencv: Department of Environmental Management
Complete bv: One month into the design phase
Table 6.5: Desi Checklist
? Potential Desi Considerations
Enhancement of existin transfer station vs. new facili
Too a h and other natural conditions associated with a new site
Im rovements to in ess/e ess from the ublic hi wa
Im rovements to internal roads and draina a facilities
Installation of ublic utilities vs. on-site utilities
Possible hasin of construction to minimize service disru tions
Buildin sand infrastructure r uirements for this class of NRC
Condition of existin infrastructure
Need to re-orient or relocate existin infrastructure
For a Class 1 or Class 2 NRC, how to integate the disaster debris zone
with other activities between disasters
6.4.2 Task: Procure design services consultants. The County will contract design
consultants experienced in design of solid waste facilities, utilizing prescribed
public procurement procedures. In addition to facilities design, consultants may
assist with identifying and applying for required permits and approvals.
Responsible aeencies: Department of Environmental Management and
Department of Finance
Resource aeencv: RCAC
Complete by: Six months following completion of design needs assessment
6.4.3 Task: Complete a preliminary engineering report, operations plan, and
engineering design.
Responsible aeencv: Department of Environmental Management
59
Complete by: Six months after contract execution
6.4.4 Task: Upgrade or obtain permit(s) and approvals. Depending upon the class of
NRC, scope of construction activity, and whether the project involves a new or
existing facility, NRC establishment may involve:
• New or upgraded solid waste management permit (contact Department of
Health, Solid and Hazazdous Waste Branch).
• NPDES permit (contact Department of Health, Clean Water Branch).
• Zoning permits (contact County Planning Department).
• Environmental assessment (contact Department of Health, Office of
Environmental Quality Control).
Responsible agencies: Department of Environmental Management; possibly also
Department of Health and Planning Department
Complete by: Undetermined; depends on number and types of permits required
6.5 Construction Phase
6.5.1 Task: Procure construction contractor. The County will procure an experienced
contractor to upgrade an existing transfer station or develop a new NRC.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Complete by: Six months after completion of design
6.5.2 Task: Design and implement apre-grand opening public education program. The
purpose of the pre-grand opening program is to make residents aware of the future
NRC and prepaze them to participate in its programs and services. Elements of the
program include:
• Advertising through flyers distributed at the transfer station, the County web
site, the Recycle Hawaii web site, and radio spots.
• Workshops for residents and businesses to familiarize customers with the
layout of the new facility, future program and service offerings, and proper
methods of recycling and reuse.
Responsible a ency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: Recycle Hawaii
Complete bv: Crrand opening of the new NRC
6.5.3 Task: For a Class 1 or Class 2 NRC, procure a vendor for the community
enterprise center and execute a contract. Key information to provide to and elicit
from potential vendors during the procurement process:
60
• A detailed and precise description of the work the vendor is expected to
perform, along with any benchmazks and performance standazds.
• Site plan of the NRC.
• Description of all activities that will be occurring on site, and how the vendor
fits into the overall picture.
• Description of buildings, equipment, and services to be famished by the
County.
• Vendor's experience operating recycling and/or reuse programs.
• Programs the vendor proposes to create azound recyclable and reusable
materials.
• Anticipated mazkets for products and services.
• A general operations plan.
• Types of equipment to be used, and any unusual power requirements.
• Proposed community outreach activities.
• Affirmative statement of vendor's ability and willingness to perform all duties
described in Chapter V.
• Vendor's assessment of training needs to enable performance of duties.
• Vendor's ability to leverage County resources.
• Vendor's requirements (monetary, capital, equipment amortization period,
mobilization time.
• Preliminary budget for the contract period, broken down by yeaz.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: RCAC
Complete bv: Three months before the scheduled grand opening.
6.5.4 Task: For a Class 1, 2, or 3 NRC, procure an organics diversion vendor to
process and possibly haul greenwaste, and execute a contract. Initially, this task
maybe accomplished through negotiations with potential vendors being
conducted at the time of completion of this p]an. Key information to provide to
and elicit from potential vendors during the procurement process:
• A detailed and precise description of the work the vendor is expected to
perform, along with any benchmarks and performance standazds.
• Site plan of the NRC.
• Description of all activities that will be occurring on site, and how the vendor
fits into the overall picture.
• Description of buildings, equipment, and services to be furnished by the
County.
• Vendor's experience operating greenwaste processing and composting
programs.
• Value-added products the vendor proposes to create from greenwaste or other
organic materials, and mazkets for those products.
• A general operations plan.
• Types of equipment to be used, and any unusual power requirements.
• Proposed community outreach activities.
61
• Affirmative statement of vendor's ability and willingness to perform all duties
described in Chapter V.
• Vendor's assessment of training needs to enable performance of duties.
• Vendor's ability to leverage County resources.
• Vendor's requirements (monetary, capital, equipment amortization period,
mobilization time.
• Preliminary budget for the contract period, broken down by year.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: RCAC
Complete by: Three months before the scheduled grand opening.
6.5.5 Task: Procure a scrap metals vendor to operate the scrap metals zone at a Class
1 or Class 2 NRC, or to haul and recycle scrap metals from a Class 3 NRC, and
execute a contract. Key information to provide to and elicit from potential
vendors during the procurement process:
• A detailed and precise description of the work the vendor is expected to
perform, along with any benchmazks and performance standazds.
• Site plan of the NRC.
• Description of all activities that will be occurring on site, and how the vendor
fits into the overall picture.
• Description of buildings, equipment, and services to be famished by the
County.
• Vendor's experience operating scrap metals or scrap vehicles programs.
• Anticipated mazkets for scrap metals.
• A general operations plan, including specific measures to be implemented to
prevent environmental degradation from fluids and other hazazdous materials.
• Proposed community outreach activities.
• Types of equipment to be used, and any unusual power requirements.
• Affirmative statement of vendor's ability and willingness to perform all duties
described in Chapter V.
• Vendor's assessment of training needs to enable performance of duties.
• Vendor's ability to leverage County resources.
• Vendor's requirements (monetary, capital, equipment amortization period,
mobilization time.
• Preliminary budget for the contract period, broken down by year.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agencv: RCAC
Complete bv: Three months before the scheduled grand opening
62
6.5.6 Task: Procure a vendor to haul, process, and recycle household recyclables, and
execute a contract. Key information to provide to and elicit from potential
vendors during the procurement process:
• A detailed and precise description of the work the vendor is expected to
perform, along with any benchmarks and performance standazds.
• Site plan of the NRC.
• Description of all activities that will be occurring on site, and how the vendor
fits into the overall picture.
• Description of buildings, equipment, and services to be famished by the
County.
• Vendor's experience operating recycling and/or reuse programs.
• Value-added products the vendor proposes to create on-island from
recyclables, and markets for those products.
• Mazkets for recyclables not used for on-island production of value-added
products.
• A general operations plan, including plan for substituting empty containers for
full containers.
• Proposed community outreach activities.
• Affirmative statement of vendor's ability and willingness to perform all duties
described in Chapter V.
• Vendor's assessment of training needs to enable performance of duties.
• Vendor's ability to leverage County resources.
• Vendor's requirements (monetary, capital, equipment amortization period,
mobilization time.
• Preliminary budget for the contract period, broken down by yeaz.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: RCAC
Comnlete bv: Three months before the scheduled grand opening
6.5.7 Task: For a Class 1 or Class 2 NRC, procure a vendor to operate the deposit
container redemption center, and execute a contract. Key information to provide
to and elicit from potential vendors during the procurement process:
• A detailed and precise description of the work the vendor is expected to
perform, along with any benchmazks and performance standazds.
• Site plan of the NRC.
• Descripfion of all activities that will be occurring on site, and how the vendor
fits into the overall picture.
• Description of buildings, equipment, and services to be famished by the
County.
• Vendor's experience operating recycling and/or reuse programs.
• Value-added products the vendor proposes to create on-island from
recyclables, and markets for those products.
63
• Markets for recyclables not used for on-island production ofvalue-added
products.
• A general operations plan, including plan for canceling redeemed containers.
• Types of equipment to be used, and any unusual power requirements.
• Proposed community outreach activities.
• Affirmative statement of vendor's ability and willingness to perform all duties
described in Chapter V.
• Vendor's assessment of training needs to enable performance of duties.
• Vendor's ability to leverage County resources.
• Vendor's requirements (monetary, capital, equipment amortization period,
mobilization time.
• Preliminary budget for the contract period, broken down by year.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: RCAC
Complete by: Three months before the scheduled grand opening
6.5.8 Task: Procure business tenants for enterprise zones, and execute leases. Key
information to provide to and elicit from potential tenants during the procurement
process:
• Site plan of the NRC.
• Description of all activities that will be occurring on site, and how the tenant
fits into the overall picture.
• Description of any buildings, equipment, and services to be famished by the
County.
• Business experience operating recycling and/or reuse programs.
• Value-added products the vendor proposes to create on-island from
recyclables, and markets for those products.
• Markets for recyclables not used for on-island production of value-added
products.
• A business plan.
• A general operations plan.
• Proposed community outreach activities.
• Affirmative statement of vendor's ability and willingness to meet all
requirements described in Chapter V.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: RCAC
Complete bv: Three months before the scheduled grand opening
6.5.9 Task: Design and conduct training programs for county employees, vendor
employees and trainees, and security guards. Trainers may be County staff,
64
outside trainers, and/or vendor employees. The training program will cover topics
such as:
• Principles of integrated solid waste management.
• Basics of recycling and reuse.
• Handling and management of specific types of materials, with emphasis on
prevention of contamination.
• Markets for specific materials, and materials standazds required by the
markets.
• Safety.
• Facility layout, infrastructure, and equipment.
• Operations plan.
• Customer service.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource aeencies: Recycle Hawaii and RCAC
Complete bv: Scheduled grand opening
6.6 Operations Phase
6.6.1 Task: Conduct oeratons. Upon completion of construction of a NRC, vendors
aze fully mobilized and prepazed to greet customers.
Responsible a encies. Department of Environmental Management and vendors
Complete bv: Ongoing
6.6.2 Public Education Program
6.6.2.1 Task: Conduct a grand opening event. This event features a traditional
blessing ceremony, site tours, and various educational activities
(workshops, games, handouts, etc.). Its purpose is to familiarize
customers with the new facility and generate enthusiasm for new
diversion facilities and services.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agency: Recycle Hawaii
Complete by: Scheduled grand opening date
6.6.2.2 Task: Implement immediate post-opening public education program.
This phase of the public education program is intended to maintain the
excitement and enthusiasm generated by the pre-grand opening
65
education program and the grand opening, increase public participation,
and address priority issues such as contamination.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agencv: Recycle Hawaii
Complete bv: Six months after the grand opening
6.6.2.3 Task: Implement ongoing public education program. The purpose of this
phase is to maintain public awareness and continue increasing
participation. In the event a new household recyclables vendor is
selected, and the new vendor changes the two-stream sort, the public will
be informed of the change and any behavioral changes required.
Responsible agency: Department of Environmental Management
Resource agencv: Recycle Hawaii
Complete by: Ongoing
F:\FILES\STTEAMS\GCA Environmental\HIEDB Strategic Plan 66
APPENDIX A
Summary of Responses to KRRC User Survey
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2. Why did you choose to use this transfer station today?
(Details of "Other")
Eden Roc More stuff - glasswares, etc. 1
awauan Acres eau, organize 1
awauan cres onvement 1
awauan cres a e everyt mg 1
awauan aradise a ways go to this one 2
awauan ara ise ar ots o goo ies to e a euse center 1
awauan ara ise ar own 1
i o i o site is is y. 1
Hilo asUcs 2
i o ecyc es p astic 3
Hilo cool 1
a am onua astics 1
eaau astics 1
urtistown onvement 1
ower una way 1
ountain sew ecause it as t e est recyc mg acs sties 1
ountam sew euse center 1
moo a astics 1
rc i an states ways go tot is one 1
rc i an states ost convenient 1
a oa vecte 1
a oa reenwaste 1
ahoa a oa 1
a oa aper 1
a oa euse center 2
apai ou rwsm ame to c ec out at m o goo ies were in 1
o cano ost items 1
ota 32
A-2
3. Where do you normally take your recyclable items?
(Details of Transfer Station)
Community Transfer Station ~
Ainaloa Hilo 1
Hawaiian Paradise Park Hilo 1
Hawaiian Paradise Park Pahoa 1
Kapoho Pahoa 1
Mountain View Pahoa 1
Pahoa Hilo 1
Pahoa Pahoa 5
Papaikou Papaikou 1
Tiki Gardens Pahoa 1
Waimea Waimea 1
Total 14
3. Where do you normally take your recyclable items?
(Details of "Other")
Community Other ~
Hawaiian Acres First time 1
Hawaiian Paradise Park First time 1
Hawaiian Paradise Park Pahoa 1
Hilo Environmental recycling 1
Leilani Estates First time 1
Lower Puna Pahoa 1
Mountain View Cooperative center 1
Pahoa Hilo 1
Pahoa Pahoa 1
Tangerine Acres Pahoa 1
Total 10
A-3
4. What do you normally do with unwanted items that are still usable?
(Details of "Other")
Other ~
Reuse center 64
Storage 8
Leave on side 2
School 1
Nothing 1
Leave outside of dumpster 1
Leave next to trash 1
Builds 1
Total 79
Community Other ~
Ainaloa Reuse center 5
Fem Acres Reuse center 1
Hawaiian Acres Leave on side 1
Hawaiian Acres Reuse center 5
Hawaiian Beaches Reuse center 1
Hawaiian Paradise Park Reuse center 25
Hawaiian Paradise Park Storage 3
Hilo Reuse center 2
Kapoho Reuse center 1
Keaau Leave next to trash 1
Keaau Leave on side 1
Keaau Nothing 1
Keaau Reuse center 5
Keaau School 1
Keaau Storage 1
Kurtistown Reuse center 2
Leilani Estates Reuse center 2
Mountain View Reuse center 1
Orchidland Estates Reuse center 5
Orchidland Estates Storage 1
Pahoa Builds 1
Pahoa Reuse center 7
Pahoa Storage 3
Puna Palisades Leave outside of dumpster 1
Tangerine Acres Reuse center 1
Tiki Gardens Reuse center 1
Total 79
A-4
5. Where do you normally take your rubbish?
(Details of " transfer station")
Transfer Station ~
Hilo 12
Honomu 1
Kalapana 2
Kapoho 1
Mountain View 2
Pahoa 41
Papaikou 2
Volcano 5
Waimea 2
Total 68
Other ~
Pickup service 5
First time 1
Total 6
A-5
6. What materials are you dropping off today?
Aluminum cans 77
Cardboard 104
Glass containers 172
Greenwaste 172
Magazines 18
Newspaper 77
Paper, mixed office 18
Paper, white ledger 12
Plastics #1 102
Plastics #2 103
Reusable items 32
Scrap Metal 64
Other
Flat glass 1
A-6
7. What features of this recycling and reuse center do you like best?
Convenient 49
Eas to use 20
Reuse center 13
Eve hin 19
Close 10
Great idea 12
Or anized 9
Takes plastic 9
Abili to rec cle 9
Nice peo le 7
La out 6
Clean 6
It's here 5
Location 5
Diversi 4
Educational/Informational 4
Love it 6
Finall have one 3
Setu 3
Si na e 3
Accessible 2
Activities 2
Greenwaste 2
Nice 2
Paper 2
Scra metal 2
Se crate bins 2
The fact that it's here 2
Well maintained 2
Well or anized 2
Workshops 2
1st time 1
All bins are central, makin it eas to use 1
All-in-one feature 1
Ambiance 1
An addition to our communi 1
Awareness because of necessi of havin to ass rec clables 1
Bathroom 1
Been waitin for this for ears 1
Better & better! 1
Bottles 1
Cardboard 1
Curbside required - N. Cal. 1
Decor 1
Different bins 1
Does its 'ob 1
Doin reall ood 1
Drive up & dump feature 1
Easy parkin 1
Eas to r cle 1
A-7
7. What features of this recycling and reuse center do you like best?
Educational 1
Educational feature 1
Ener ut into pro ect 1
Excellent 1
Free black & white movies from reuse center 1
Free stuff available 1
Garba a is so small 1
Good start, better than what we had before 1
Good s stem 1
Great model 1
Great! Ve courteous, helpful 1
Hel ful stuff 1
Im rovin lives in the communi 1
Increases uali of life 1
It exists 1
It needs to continue to be free 1
It takes almost eve hin 1
It works 1
It's neat 1
It's user-friend) 1
Keep it open 1
Labeled 1
Like circular la out 1
Like that the 're doin it! 1
Like the o ortuni 1
Like this one the best 1
Like this lace 1
Little store 1
Miracle that it ha ened 1
More com lete rec clin than any other place on island 1
More lastics 1
More source-se crate s ecific in Japan 1
Neat 8 tid 1
Next to trash 1
Nice atmos here 1
Nice, real) or anized 1
Nothin in Volcano 1
Ok 1
On island prior to rec clables, 1st time 1
On the wa to work 1
One-sto 1
O n to ublic 1
Op ortuni 1
Otherwise fantastic 1
People have to hel 1
Picked u at reuse center 1
Plen oodles when the have oodles 1
Pre Cool! 1
Pre squared awa 1
Pur ose 1
A-8
7. What features of this recycling and reuse center do you like best?
Quick & simple 1
Raises conscienceness b drivin b 1
Ran a of materials 1
Real) reat! 1
Real) like the fact that the put this in 1
Real) raised awareness in the communi 1
Rec cle more thins 1
Reusables 1
Reuse center artists that et sup lies from here 1
Saves on the bi dum 1
Scenic 1
Securi rsonnel ve nice 1
Self-directed 1
So impressed, words cannot describe 1
Source separation 1
S acious 1
Staff! 1
Such a varie 1
Surprised the 're doin so much 1
Take so much! 1
That eve hin is re clable here - diversi 1
That it's here 1
That it's ossible 1
That so man items are accepted 1
That the have 1
That the rec cle 1
That the 're rec clin 1
The fact that the 've done what the 've done 1
The varie of items 1
The whole lace 1
Time) switchover 1
Tin cans addition 1
Too new to know 1
Usefulness 1
User friend) 1
Versatili in se gratin items 1
Ve nice 1
Ve useful 1
Volunteer 1
Well Tanned 1
Well separated 1
Well staffed 1
Well-or anized 1
Well-rounded 1
Whole center 1
Whole set up 1
Wonderful 1
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A-9
8. What features of this recycling and reuse center do you not like?
Cats 5
Hours 3
S ed bums 3
All plastic not recycled 1
Bi dips 1
Bins are hi h 1
Bins full on Sunda ,esp. lass & metal 1
Cardboard left out in rain 1
Closer to Fern Acres 1
Confusin si na e 1
Co ui fro s 1
Crowded 1
Discoura in when out to dump lass and container is ahead full 1
Dislike bathroom 1
Dislike ossible closure talk 1
Doesn't like havin to color-separate 1
Drive throw h 1
Eve visit, arran ement has than ed 1
Flies, cats, fro s 1
Fre wen bins & Chan a over 1
Frequent than eover 1
Gravel road 1
Greenwaste, scra metal, cardboard 1
Hard to unload reenwaste into bin 1
Harder to 'ust dum trash 1
I don't want to sa an hin ne ative 1
It takes an effort to rec cle 1
It takes Ion er 1
Lar ercontainers 1
Lime markin ,bad for work 1
Lo istic 1
Lower to dum in the reenwaste and metal 1
Makeshift structures j
More covers a/shelter for re clin areas 1
More le 1
More lastic re clin 1
More turnaround time 1
No aint cans 1
No aved road 1
No lastic bas 1
Not bi enou h 1
Not aved 1
Pa r is confusin - Heavil source-se crated 1
Paper section is ve confusin 1
Placement of r ables before rubbish dropoft 1
Potholes 1
Re ular arba a can 1
Reuse 1
Reuse store ~
A-10
8. What features of this recycling and reuse center do you not like?
Road 1
Roadwa is rou h 1
Rubbish b the water outside 1
Rubbish out side of bins 1
Rubbish over b fence 1
Se gratin 1
Se gratin news aper 1
Se aration distinction of different a er cafe ories 1
Set up ets clo ed up 1
Small 1
So far so ood 1
Sometimes bins are full! Have to dump at bins. 1
Sortin a 'ob 1
Sortin bottles b color requirement 1
Sortin of a er 1
Ste s are needed 1
Sto in twice 1
The road is a slo mess 1
Too much traffic 1
Traffic attern 1
Trash dum ed out front 1
Trash left after hours 1
User arkin 1
Waste of time 1
Water drain 1
When it rains, man potholes 1
Wish the had one in Hilo 1
Wish this convenience ws located eve here 1
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A-11
9. What would you change or add in a permanent recycling and reuse facility here?
Pave road 11
Plastic bas 10
Lon er hours of o eretion 9
Used motor ail collection 8
More lastic rec clin 7
More educational efforts 4
Traffic attem inconvenient 4
As is 3
Bas 3
Bi er bins 3
S rofoam din 3
Content 2
Hazardous household waste 2
Pile of rubbish outside 2
Rec cle more thins 2
Sheltered area 2
Should be more re clin 2
"Doin eve in ' 1
"Tumin into" the facili 1
#5 lastice 1
A ublicetion for informational u oses 1
Acce table vs non-acre table 1
Add certons 1
Add oil wlledion 1
Add old dothes 1
Add the a erboard 1
Add tires 1
All for the limited hours 1
All lass instead of color-se crated 1
All transfer sites should have a rec clin center 1
Aluminum bu 1
Aluminum can rebate 1
Alwa s have a container available 1
A reicetes that there's some lace to brio in old items 1
As eMensive as ou're oin to et aside from bein on fhe mainland 1
As halt road 1
Assistance 1
Avoid eo le throwin awa rubbish 1
Batteries 1
Better arkin s aces 1
Better wa of markin lines 1
Bi er containers 1
Bi er reenwaste bin - Z3 of time because it's full or one 1
Bi er la out 1
Bi er re-use area 1
Bins are hi h for short eo le 1
Bins more accessible 1
Branch trees fall down at entrance 1
B the car bins 1
C 8 B com anies donate for tax credit 1
Cann ima ine what the do with cardboard 1
Car batteries 1
Cardboard flattened 1
A-12
9. What would you change or add in a permanent recycling and reuse facility here?
Cat food cans 1
Chutes 1
Circulation 1
Clothes to reuse center 1
Coffee bar & astries 1
Cold water dis enser, drinkin water dis enser 1
Com actor bins for at least cardboard, lastics, reenwaste 1
Concerned about so cardboard 1
Construction materials 1
Containers are needed for the home 1
Containers for lass rec clin ,hole should be bi er inconvenient to do one at a time 1
Cookin oil -Household waste 1
Coun -after hour dum er 1
Covered area 1
Different lastics 1
Direct eo le 1
Drivin - la out, re clin should be se arete 1
Dro reenwaste bin b 6 feet 1
Dum in in remote area is inexcusable 1
Dum ster out front when the ate is closed 1
Earlier than 6:30am 1
Ea to understand 1
Enclosed s ace 1
Encoura e o le to re cle more 1
Enla a reuse center 1
Entrance, road im rovements 1
Exam les 1
Excellent 1
Existin workers - ennanent workers 1
Force to se orate 1
Garba e u front u set 1
Glad ou're doin this 1
Glass ce ac' -more 1
Good as it is 1
Got so much more than the other re Gin sites 1
Great'ob 1
Great real) 1
Greeenwaste on site re cli 1
Half-ass 'ob for full rice 1
Havin a water s i of to wash off 1
Ho it kee s u ! 1
Ho the do somethin with these items 1
Ho the kee it oin 8 sustainable 1
Hours 1
Household items 1
I ho it works. Ve im ortant that we do this. 1
I like Rust the wa it is. Sim ler the better 1
I think it's wonderful! 1
Im atieM drivers 1
Indoor facili 1
Int rated all into one center 1
It works! Lovliest volunteers 1
Kee it o en 1
A-13
9. What would you change or add in a permanent recycling and reuse facility here?
Kee same to out 1
Limited ins ace 1
Lon overdue 1
Longer tens -wider sampling of 9 month program is not long enough of a time frame. Rewmmend 2 year 1
time frame w/ su oR from ress for ads/awareness ublic education
Looks fine 1
Make more rofessional lookin 1
Make sure it's ernanent 1
Mark containers 1
More area for reusable stuff 1
More convenient 1
More easier access to bin 1
More uen of em in containers 1
More uen of store a facilities should be available to stock items 1
More lass bins 1
More Iass/aluminum bins because the are full 1
More redes of lactic 1
More info on what is reusable in reuse center 1
More lenient se aretion 1
More re cle laces at the transfer centers 1
More re clin at different transfer stations 1
More Scott's 1
More shelterloverhan s 1
Mores ace 1
Mores acious areas, es . w/ Vaffic 1
More suppoNcoMainers for greenwaste. Everytime he comes the greenwaste bin is full 8 he has to throw 1
awe .
More volunteers 1
Much more convenient for dum in 1
Need lactic in Hilo 1
Nei hborhood ick u 1
Nicer bathroom 1
Nothin 1
On site reenwaste 1
On-site reenwaste -but wa of co uPs 1
O n earlier 1
O ion to o rubbish direcU 1
O anized 1
Other lactic redes 1
Other lastics 1
Other lastics & a erboards 1
Packin s stem setu s are more convenient 1
Paint cans 1
Pa r boards 1
Pa erboard 1
Pa erboard re clin 1
Pave around the containers 1
Peo le need to follow throu h 1
Permanent as is 1
Picku mulch available here 1
Place to ut lactic rubbish bas 1
Placement of cardboard closer to containers 1
Plant re clin 1
A-14
9. What would you change or add in a permanent recycling and reuse facility here?
Plastic bin should be more convenient to face accessibili 1
Plastic sheetin -banana farms 1
Plastics 1
Plastics rade 1
Posterboard re clin 1
Rain on cardboard 1
Reall nice 1
Rebates for aluminum 1
Re Gable features at all transfer stations 1
Re clin o ortunites for lastic 8 rofoam 1
Refreshment stand 1
Reuse center 1
Safer drive throw h 1
Safe /access to look at 1
Se crate re clin area 1
Si na e 1
Si na a -more/bi er/outside/2-sides 1
Si na a/arrows 1
Si nan a -road front 1
Similar facilities all over island based on raduated tax base 1
Snack bar 1
So how ha with how it is now 1
Sometimes dum star ets mess 1
Sometimes it's more trouble than it's worth 1
S ace is a concern 1
S eed bums 1
State fla s 1
Tires 1
To make it more user Triendl 1
Too detailed 1
Trash first 1
Unha that it is onl on a trial basis 1
Used motor oil more than 5 allons. Businesses willin to bu for service havin to take it elsewhere 1
Ve satisfied 1
Water s i of 1
Well o anized 1
White Dods 1
Wish a center was at all stations 1
Workers are ve informative 1
Works forme 1
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A-15