HomeMy WebLinkAboutRES 454 Draft 01 2012-2014 •COUNTY OF HAWAII i.;,��
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RESOLUTION NO. 454 14
A RESOLUTION TO ADOPT THE PAHOA VILLAGE DESIGN GUIDELINES DATED
OCTOBER 2013.
WHEREAS, the Hawaii State Constitution, Article IX, Section 6, Management of
Population Growth, states: "The State and its political subdivisions, as provided by general law,
shall plan and manage the growth of the population to protect and preserve the public health and
welfare; except that each political subdivision, as provided by general law, may plan and manage
the growth of its population in a more restrictive manner than the State"; and
WHEREAS, the Hawaii County Charter, section 3-15, from which the General Plan
emerged as a major policy document, states, in part: "The county council shall adopt by
ordinance a general plan which shall set forth the council's policy for long-range comprehensive
physical development of the county. It shall contain a statement of development objectives,
standards and principles with respect to the most desirable use of land within the county for
residential, recreational, agricultural, commercial, industrial and other purposes ... and such other
matters as may, in the council's judgment, be beneficial to the social, economic, and
governmental conditions and trends and shall be designed to assure the coordinated development
of the county and to promote the general welfare and prosperity of its people... No public
improvement or project, or subdivision or zoning ordinance, shall be initiated or adopted unless
the same conforms to and implements the general plan"; and
WHEREAS, the Hawai`i County General Plan, Section 1.5.1. Community Development
Plans, states, in part: "The Community Development Plans are intended to be the forum for
community input into managing growth and coordinating the delivery of government services to
the community. The Community Development Plans will translate the broad General Plan
statements to specific actions as they apply to specific geographical areas"; and
WHEREAS, pursuant to the provisions of the General Plan to ensure responsible growth
and preserve the public health and welfare, the Puna Community Development Plan, as
amended, was adopted by Ordinance No. 08-116, effective September 10, 2008; and
WHEREAS, the Puna Community Development Plan identifies Pahoa as a Regional
Town Center with historic development patterns that define a unique "sense of place" and as a
strong candidate for Special Design District designation; and
WHEREAS, the Puna Community Development Plan calls for the preparation of a
Regional Town Center plan through an inclusive community based process that involves major
stakeholders, including landowners, community representatives, and public agencies; and
WHEREAS,Pahoa, being geographically situated near the center of the most rapidly
growing portion of the Puna District, is the principle point of access to goods and services for
residents and visitors alike; and
WHEREAS, Pahoa has experienced extensive and persistent commercial development
and redevelopment activity as well as multiple applications for up-zoning over the past 10 years
with little or no ability to address inadequate infrastructure needs or to preserve its unique "sense
of place"; and
WHEREAS, Resolution No. 313-12 called for a delay on new up-zonings in the Pahoa
Regional Town Center planning area until a Pahoa Regional Town Center Plan is adopted or
June 30, 2013, whichever shall occur first; and
WHEREAS, Resolution No. 313-12 was adopted by the Council to allow the
community, through a legitimate, deliberate and inclusive community based planning process, to
define how best to solve existing problems, to allocate space for new growth, and to preserve its
historical heritage; and
WHEREAS, a Pahoa Regional Town Center Plan Steering Committee consisting of
community leaders and interested stakeholders formed in October 2011 to begin a process for
developing a growth management plan with design guidelines for Pahoa Village; and
WHEREAS, the Pahoa Regional Town Center Plan Steering Committee has initiated an
effective outreach program to gather public input through facilitated community meetings and an
extensive public survey in order to define a community vision and to determine a methodology
for well-planned future growth and community direction in Pahoa; and
WHEREAS, the Pahoa Regional Town Center Plan Steering Committee and the Puna
Community Development Plan Action Committee, in collaboration with the Planning
Department, have prepared and submitted legislation to amend Chapter 25 (Zoning Code) of the
Hawai`i County Code 1983 (2005 Edition, as amended) to establish a Pahoa Village Design
(PVD) district; and
WHEREAS, the Pahoa Regional Town Center Plan Steering Committee, in collaboration
with the Planning Department, has geographically defined the PVD district.
WHEREAS, the Pahoa Regional Town Center Plan Steering Committee has, in
collaboration with the Planning Department, prepared architectural design guidelines that
identify the underlying design principles that define Pahoa's unique history and architectural
character, and establish architectural design guidelines to preserve and enhance the "sense of
place" that residents and visitors alike identify with Pahoa; and
WHEREAS, the Mayor, the Planning Department, the County Council, and the Pahoa
community are committed to the Regional Town Center Plan process as a guiding principle for
responsible smart-growth planning and community direction in Pahoa; now, therefore,
2
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, that
the Pahoa Village Design Guidelines, attached herein as Exhibit 1, as prepared by the Pahoa
Regional Town Center Plan Steering Committee in collaboration with the Planning Department
and dated October 2013, is hereby adopted to guide the architectural design and siting of
buildings and structures within the Pahoa Village Design district.
BE IT FUTHER RESOLVED,that the Planning Director, in collaboration with the
Puna Community Development Plan Action Committee, shall be authorized to make non-
substantive amendments to the Pahoa Village Design Guidelines without the approval of the
County Council, provided that any such amendments shall be forwarded to the County Council
within 30 days of adoption by the Planning Director.
BE IT FINALLY RESOLVED,that the County Clerk shall forward copies of this
Resolution to: the Honorable William P. Kenoi, Mayor of the County of Hawaii; the directors of
the departments of Planning, Parks and Recreation, Public Works, and Environmental
Management; Molly Stebbins, Corporation Counsel; Margaret Masunaga, Deputy Corporation
Counsel for the Windward Planning Commission; William Brilhante, Deputy Corporation
Council for the Planning Department and Puna CDP Action Committee; the Pahoa Regional
Town Center Steering Committee; and the Puna Community Development Plan Action
Committee.
Dated at Kona , Hawai`i, this 18th day of July , 2014.
INTRODUCED BY:
C t'e CIL M ' , COUNTY OF HAWAII
COUNTY COUNCIL ROLL CALL VOTE
County of Hawai`i AYES NOES ABS EX
Hilo, Hawai`i EOFF X
FORD X
I hereby certify that the foregoing RESOLUTION was by ILAGAN X
the vote indicated to the right hereof adopted by the COUNCIL of the
County of Hawai`i KANUHA i on July 1B, 2014 X
KERN X
ONISHI X
ATTEST: POINDEXTER X
WILLE X
YOSHIMOTO
9 0 0 0
• Reference: C-920/PC-68
COUNTY CLERK CHAIRPERSON &PRESIDING OFFICER RESOLUTION NO. 454 14
3
Pahoa Village Design Guidelines
October 2013
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"Place is more than just a location on a map. A sense of place is
a unique collection of qualities and characteristics — visual,
cultural, social, and environmental — that provide meaning to a
location. Sense of place is what makes one city or town different
from another, but sense of place is also what makes our physical
surroundings worth caring about.',i
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Exhibit 1
Pahoa Village Design Guidelines
Prepared for the County of Hawaii
Planning Department
October 2013
These design guidelines were prepared by the citizen volunteers of the Pahoa
Regional Town Center Plan Steering Committee under the direction and
guidance of the Puna Community Development Plan Action Committee and
the Hawai`i County Planning Department.
Pahoa Regional Town Puna Community Development Plan Action
Center Committee
Steering Committee
2013-14 2013 2014
Gilbert Aguinaldo June Conant June Conant
Kaleo Francisco Sharon Daun Sharon Daun
Madie Greene Farris Etterlee Farris Etterlee
Mark Hinshaw,Chair Madie Greene Leila Kealoha
Russell Jones Keikialoha Kekipi Susan Osborne
Charlie Maas, Principle Author Patti Pinto,Chair Patti Pinto,Chair
Jon Olson Oshi Simsarian Oshi Simsarian,V-Chair
Oshi Simsarian Rene Siracusa Rene Siracusa
Dan Taylor Dan Taylor,Vice-chair Elmer Solis
Elmer Solis
Former Steering Committee Members and Contributing Volunteers
Cynthia Albers Rene Siracusa David Wright
Joanna Norton Robin Stetson
Hawaii County Planning Department
Duane Kanuha, Director
Larry Brown, Planner
21P L
Table of Contents
Table of Contents 3
Summary of Purpose 4
History of Pahoa 4
What you need to know 5
How to get design approval 5
Existing Character 6
Character defining features of plantation-style commercial architecture: 6
Character defining features of plantation-style residential architecture: 7
Design Guideline Goals 8
General Design Recommendations 8
Features to Enhance 8
Pahoa Village District 9
Architectural Guidelines-Commercial 10
Scale 10
Setback 11
Roofs 12
Facades 13
Canopies 13
Walls and Wall Finish 14
Architectural Details 15
The decorative details of shape, color and texture 15
Doors 16
Color 17
Signs 17
Landscape Planting 17
Walls and Fences 18
Parking 18
Architectural Guidelines—Residential 18
Setbacks 18
Building Form, Height and Scale 18
Roofs 19
Windows 19
Doors 20
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Summary of Purpose
The Pahoa Regional Town Center Steering Committee and Design Working Group have
attempted to embrace this proposition of"Place" in part by utilizing the unique
characteristics of Pahoa and present this collection of guidelines to create a positive
village design environment for daily life and commerce. These guidelines attempt to
identify the underlying design principles that define Pahoa's unique historic and
architectural character. The design guidelines are intended to help preserve Pahoa's
historic character, allow for new development that compliments and is comparable to
Pahoa's historical character and improve the streetscape to make Pahoa a more pedestrian
friendly environment.
History of Pahoa
It is believed that the general area of Pahoa was first developed around the mid 1880's.
Prior to that, it was a lush tropical lowland rainforest. This tropical rain forest and its by-
products provided an environment that facilitated the first wave of immigration. The
immigrants required housing and services, and this catalyst was the beginning of
development of the town of Pahoa.
The first Sugar Plantation in the area was started in 1900 as the Puna Sugar Company and
later became the Ola'a Sugar Company, which outlasted all others, ending its operations
in 1984. In what is now the center of Pahoa Town the first lumber mill was erected in
1907 and was named the Mahogany Lumber Company, which stayed in business until
1918. The company supplied all the timber for the town's construction needs as well as
exporting over millions of railroad ties for the construction of the various railroads in the
Southwestern United States and the Sugar Plantation railroads in Hawai`i.
The majority of the early residents were Japanese immigrants who came to Hawaii on a 3
year worker's contract. Those few who decided to stay after their 3 year contract expired
and had managed to save enough money, built simple wood houses on stilts with wide
lanais, gabled style, metal clad roofs and redwood catchment systems located at the back
of the lot. The rest of the immigrants lived in 6 Camps provided by the lumber mill.
Virtually all the buildings along the main town road in the early 1900's housed some type
of business offering from shoe repair to hotel lodging.
There was very little private land ownership in the early years as the majority of the land
was owned by the Roman Catholic Mission, the lumber mill and the Territory of Hawai`i,
so most of the land being utilized for private residential and commercial purposes was
leased. When land ownership finally became available in the late 1930's the lots were
very small to several acres and haphazardly laid out as there was no such thing as land
planning. Electrical power did not come to Pahoa until 1938 and domestic water in
1962."
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What you need to know
The Pahoa Design Guidelines apply to all renovations and new developments within the
Pahoa Village Design (PVD) district(see Figure 1) for which a building permit is
required except as noted in Sec. 25.7.(_) (d) of the Zoning Code. Pahoa features a
diversity of architectural styles from various periods of history. These guidelines focus
on the dominant plantation architectural style or theme that has come to define Pahoa in
the eyes of its residents and those in the surrounding subdivisions. The long term goals
are to maintain Pahoa's architectural heritage while allowing for new development that is
compatible to our goal of preserving and enhancing the Pahoa sense of place. To meet
these goals, the guidelines propose:
• Renovation of buildings should perpetuate Pahoa's architectural heritage.
• The design of new buildings shall incorporate a sufficient number of the design
elements discussed in these guidelines to contribute to the desired architectural
theme and to blend comfortably with the existing structures.
• A reasonable degree of interpretation of traditional building styles that provides
for both aesthetic and functional goals.
• The exact replication of historic buildings is not encouraged or appropriate.
How to get design approval
The Pahoa Village Design Guidelines are not intended to be prohibitively restrictive, but
instead to provide architects, developers and owners with ideas that encourage creative,
functional and economically advantageous design options for existing and new buildings
within the PVD district.
The application and plans for any Plan Approval, Planned Unit Development(P.U.D.)
under the Hawai`i County Zoning Code or a building permit for any other building or
structure for which Plan Approval is not required, shall be subject to review and
comment by the Pahoa Design Review Committee (PDRC) prior to approval by the
Planning Director as prescribed in Chapter 25, I-ICC. Applicants are encouraged to
consult with the Pahoa Design Review Committee prior to submitting any such
application(s) to the Planning Department for clarification and guidance on design
elements appropriate for the proposed project. In addition to the application requirements
for plan approval contained in section 25-2-72 and for a P.U.D. contained in section 25-
6-3 of the Zoning Code, the plans for any project submitted for review by the PDRC shall
include the following:
(1) Complete and accurate exterior elevations of all facades, drawn at a scale
adequate to show clearly the appearance of all proposed buildings and structures;
(2) Description of exterior siding, roofing and finish materials;
(3) Exterior door and window specifications;
(4) Description, location and renderings for any exterior signage;
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(5) A streetscape rendering of the project site and adjacent properties suitable for
evaluating the immediate spatial relationships. Photographic images may be
substituted where they able to serve the same purpose;
(6) Other descriptive information as the director or the PDRC finds necessary to
determine consistency of the proposed project with the design and architectural
guidelines adopted for the special district in which the project building site is
located.
Existing Character
Most of Pahoa's older commercial and residential buildings are characterized as
"plantation style" and are typical of buildings commonly seen in small towns and villages
throughout Hawaii. Vernacular plantation-style building features vary, but generally
share the following characteristics:
• Building height: usually two stories in height, or some one-story structures with
false-fronts nearly as high as two-story buildings.
• Setback: no setback from property lines and the sidewalk.
• Roof form: gable, shed, or flat roof, often behind a false front.
• Roof materials: typically corrugated metal, sometimes tarpaper; later composition
shingles were used.
• Walls: single-wall construction primarily of vertical tongue-and-groove board,
board and batten or horizontal boards.
• Storefront: Small, irregular and varied.
• Entries: Often flush with the front wall, occasionally recessed to provide shade
and shelter for pedestrians.
• Doors: Wood and wood-with-glass doors featuring multiple panels,raised panels,
or glazing and panels.
• Windows: Multiple-light and wood framed, with wood sashes and mullions,
double-hung windows double hung windows featuring transoms.
Character defining features of plantation-style commercial architecture:
False front facade: Hawaii's plantation-style commercial architecture typically featured
a false front because building materials were quite expensive in relation to the labor
costs. Architectural ornamentation was often limited to the building's facade and resulted
in numerous variations of the false front.
Canopy: Canopies across the main façade are a character-defining feature in plantation
style commercial structures. Most canopies were shed roofs covered with corrugated
metal. A few of Pahoa's canopies were hipped with shingles. Most canopies were
supported by brackets underneath and/or rods above;posts were sometimes used to
support canopies in turn-of-the-century structures. Historically, some of Pahoa's two-
story edifices had wood-framed balconies, which also functioned as canopies. Canopies
and balconies provide the shade and weather protection important in a pedestrian-friendly
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environment. Unfortunately, many canopies have been removed from Pahoa's historic
buildings due to deterioration or the requirements of modern building codes.
Cornice: Often used in plantation-style commercial architecture, cornices were
sometimes ornamented with rather elaborate brackets, while others were quite simple in
detail. Cornices and brackets were an easy way to decorate a building during an age
when craftsmen were easy to find, but building materials were not.
Attic Vent: Louvered attic vents were a prominent, distinctive feature of plantation
architecture, often appearing in a variety of geometric shapes, including round, square,
rectangular, semi-circular, and rectangular with a gable-shaped peak.
Kick plate: Older plantation-style buildings often included an architectural feature known
as a "kick plate." Kick plates are wood panels located beneath the windows and
approximately 18" above the foundation. Many of Pahoa's plantation-style buildings
have been inappropriately remodeled with large plate-glass windows that replaced both
the historic windows and kick plates.
Character defining features of plantation-style residential architecture:
Most of Pahoa's older residential buildings are characterized as "plantation style" and are
typical of older houses throughout Hawaii. "Plantation-style" features vary, but
generally share the following elements:
• Building height: Usually one story.
• Foundation: Post and pier
• Roof form: Gable, hipped, and gable over hip.
• Roof materials: Corrugated metal, wood shakes; in recent decades, many were
reroofed with composition shingles.
• Walls: Single-wall, vertical-board construction. A prominent feature on
plantation style houses is a girt, a horizontal band that wraps around a vertical
board house, in essence serving as a girdle that holds the boards together.
• Eaves: Open, overhanging eaves with exposed rafters.
• Doors: Wood with glass doors or French doors with sidelights.
• Windows: Wood-framed, double-hung windows, sliding sash windows, casement
windows or more elaborate windows, with diamond or rectangular-patterned
panes.
• Attic Vent: Louvered attic vents in a variety of geometric shapes, including round,
square,rectangular, semi-circular, and rectangular with a gable-shaped peak.
• Lanais: Covered with a shed or gable roof often highlighting the entrance; some
ran the full width of the house. A simple or decorative balustrade added to the
lanai.
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Design Guideline Goals
• Pahoa Village is primarily a high density urban core with small scale building
design of historic character.
• The Pahoa streetscape reflects a pedestrian oriented environment with automobile
traffic and related amenities being accommodated as a secondary albeit necessary
feature.
• Commercial activity is seamlessly integrated with residential uses.
• Commercial operations are at street level with residential or low volume
commercial and office spaces on upper floors.
• Where applicable, passageways and courtyards link nearby streets and parking
areas.
• Street trees, planter boxes and other appropriate landscaping is common
throughout Pahoa Village Design District further enhancing its sense of place.
General Design Recommendations
To the extent reasonably feasible the following features should be incorporated into each
new construction and building renovation project within the PVD district.
Features to Enhance
• Traditional downtown small scale,being predominantly low-rise and pedestrian-
friendly.
• Automobiles and associated amenities should be accommodated as secondary to
overall aesthetic appeal and pedestrian oriented priorities.
• Contribute to the variety of small storefront architectural styles from various eras
in Pahoa's history. Details on historic buildings should be replicated or preserved,
including traditional canopies, false-front parapets, attic vents, cornices, windows,
doors, and other architectural elements.
• Pockets of landscaping and greenery, especially in the commercial blocks.
• Passageways and courtyards between buildings, which link nearby streets to
parking areas.
• The mass and scale of new buildings should complement, not overwhelm, Pahoa's
traditional, small-scale architecture.
• Canopies are highly recommended as means to keep Pahoa pedestrian friendly.
Canopies should be replaced and/or restored on Pahoa's historic structures.
• Landscape all parking lots that have street frontage. Plantings should be of size
and caliber to screen automobiles from pedestrian sight lines upon completion.
Efforts should be made to include Native Hawaiian Flora whenever possible.
• Improve and/or maintain neglected and vacant lots.
• Plant street trees where feasible.
• Improve sidewalks to adequate ADA compliant widths; build new sidewalks
where necessary, especially in areas where sidewalks are not continuous.
• Utility lines should be located underground from the border of the lot line to the
connection of the building.
8II> a t
Pahoa Village Design District
Figure 1: Pahoa Village Design District
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The Pahoa Village Design district is the area shown in Figure 1 and described as:
(1) All parcels having frontage on Pahoa Village Road from the Pahoa Village
Road and Kea`au-Pahoa Road intersection and the Pahoa Village Road and
Pahoa-Kalapana Road intersection;
(2) All parcels having frontage on Post Office Road between Pahoa Bypass Road
and Pahoa Village Road;
(3) All parcels having frontage with the west side of Kea`au-Pahoa Road between
and inclusive of tax map key numbers 1-5-07:012 and 1-5-07:080;
(4) All parcels having frontage with Kahakai Boulevard, including any extensions
of Kahakai Boulevard up to the parcel identified by tax map key number 1-5-
008:001, west of Pahoa Bypass Road
(5) Parcels identified by tax map key numbers 1-5-005:024, 1-5-06:037, 1-5-
06:015, 1-5-003:037 and 1-5-03:046; and
(6) All parcels any part of which is designated medium density urban in Exhibit A
of Ordinance 12-89 amending the General Plan Land Use Pattern Allocation
Guide map with the following exclusions:
(A) That portion of TMK 1-5-02:020 that is not designated medium density
urban in Exhibit A of Ordinance 12-89;
(B) All of TMKs 1-5-01:003 and 1-5-08:001.
The Pahoa Village Design Guideline and PVD district boundaries shall be subject to
comprehensive review within not more than ten (10) years from adoption of the
ordinance establishing the Pahoa Village Design district under Article 7 — Special
Districts, Chapter 25 (Zoning Code), HCC, and every ten (10) years thereafter, in
accordance with the rules to be established for the Pahoa Design Review Committee.
The PDRC may submit interim recommendations for amendment to the Pahoa Village
Design Guidelines and PVD district boundaries to the Planning Director as the PDRC
deems necessary to more fully fulfill the purpose and intent the PVD district.
Architectural Guidelines-Commercial
Scale
Definition: A structure's height is the vertical distance from the average grade along its
roof edge around the building to the uppermost portion of the building. Mass is the
building's physical size and bulk. Scale is the size of a structure as it appears to the
pedestrian. The height, mass, and scale of the buildings substantially define the character
of an area and are key considerations in making a structure compatible with its
surroundings.
Height, mass, and scale should reflect Pahoa's traditional architecture. Building height
should conform to the limits defined for the Pahoa Village Design District in Article 7. -
Special Districts Chapter 25 (Zoning Code), HCC. New construction as well as additions
to existing buildings should be similar in mass and scale to existing historic structures.
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When a new building is sited adjacent to an existing building(s) or structure(s), the new
building facade should be no more than one story higher than the adjacent building(s) or
structure(s).
~ Building should appear similar
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• The scale of a neighborhood takes precedence over the scale of an individual
structure.
• The prevalent pedestrian scale of Pahoa should be maintained.
• Canopies are strongly recommended to reduce a structure's vertical emphasis and
encourage a pedestrian environment.
• The contextual scale of large, new buildings should be reduced by using vertical
divisions and stepped roof lines or other architectural features that provide a more
compatible appearance.
• Windows, doors, and other architectural details should be used to reduce the
apparent mass of larger structures.
• The mass and facades of large new buildings should be divided into several,
smaller "storefront" to reduce the building's apparent scale
Setback
Definition: The distance between the building and a reference line, usually a sidewalk or
property- line is the setback.
The lack of a setback is a character-defining feature of Pahoa's traditional streetscape. It
creates a solid architectural edge that defines and unifies the street. Pahoa's architectural
character is compromised when vacant lots and parking areas interrupt the continuous
wall of buildings.
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Except for single-family dwellings, building fronts should abut the sidewalk on any street
frontage. Canopies, awnings and balconies should not be used in establishing setbacks
for reference points.
Canopies, awnings, balconies, eaves, signage and other similar elements may project to
within 12 inches of the roadway edge of the public sidewalk. Building frontages maybe
setback from the front sidewalk where the setback area is to allow for business patron
oriented uses such as outdoor dining patios or pedestrian public rest areas. Buildings
shall not be setback from front sidewalks to accommodate parking or other automobile
related amenities.
While a streetscape with a continuous building frontage is generally preferred, buildings
may be sited not more than a total of 20 feet from the side property line(s) to
accommodate driveway access and egress to parking at the rear of the building,
pedestrian passageways to rear parking lots or for mid-block throughways, outdoor patio
dining areas, or other appropriate outdoor commercial activities by the existing
commercial enterprise.
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Roofs
In addition to protection from the elements, a roof and its form influence a structure's
architectural character. The predominant roof forms in Pahoa's older buildings are a shed
or gable roof behind a false front.
• When renovating existing buildings, the functional and decorative features of the
original roof,including the shape, material, color and pattern should be preserved.
• New developments should utilize roof shapes, materials and colors that are
compatible with Pahoa's traditional architectural character.
• Avoid changing the historic configuration of a roof by adding new features such
as dormers, vents or skylights that would be visible from the street or sidewalk.
12 I1' c
• Flat or shed roofs should have a false front that is appropriately scaled for the
building. Wood frame or stucco finishes should be used for textural details.
• When using formed metal for roofing panels, corrugated metal shapes (rather than
standing seam metal) should be installed.
• Mechanical equipment should be shielded from view. Solar collectors, skylights,
and other non-historical hardware should not be visible from the street or
sidewalk.
Facades
Definition: A façade is the principle exterior face of a building, the architectural front,
which is usually distinguished from other faces by elaboration of architectural details.
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• Façade design should be compatible with the traditional architectural character of
Pahoa and other buildings in the immediate vicinity.
• New buildings with end gable roof forms and false fronts are encouraged.
• Canopies and or balconies should extend across the entire building front wherever
possible and appropriate.
• Historical architectural elements such as attic/roof vents, paneled kick pates and
window transoms are highly recommended for new structures.
• Recessed store fronts are encouraged.
• The bottom of glass windows should be at least 18" above the sidewalk level.
• Symmetrical storefront designs are encouraged.
• Architectural details should be incorporated to add interest to and break down the
scale of monolithic walls.
• New buildings with a façade over 50 feet wide should use vertical divisions in the
facades to create appearances of separate store fronts.
• Utility and mechanical structure should be located away from public view.
Canopies
Definition: a canopy is a roof structure that projects from a building to protect
pedestrians, doors, windows and other openings from the elements. Canopies and
Balconies are a defining characteristic in Pahoa's plantation-style architecture. Canopies
13I1' ;j ..
enhance the streetscape, help identify store fronts and protect pedestrians from the sun
and rain.
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• Original canopies on historic structure should not be removed.
• Canopies and balconies are strongly encouraged along street frontage for all new
developments, redevelopments and renovation projects.
• Canopy or balcony design should respect the scale of the surrounding
environment.
• Canopies may be pitched or flat.
• Canopies should be supported by metal rods or chains above and wood brackets
beneath. Canopies should not be supported by posts within public walkways.
• Canopies should be permanent in nature.
• A second story balcony may function as a canopy
• All balconies should have open balustrades.
Walls and Wall Finish
Wall finish materials not only serve a functional purpose, but can be also used to enhance
a building's design. Traditional walls were tongue and grove boards and to a lesser extent
board and batten. The following guidelines are primarily directed at street facing exterior
walls and need not necessarily be applied to rear and side facing walls not visible from a
street or sidewalk.
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• Original wall materials should be repaired or restored in kind.
• Original historical building materials should not be covered with other finish
materials, including,but not limited to: aluminum, vinyl,plastic, asphalt sheets or
shingles, brick veneers or plywood unless such materials reasonably replicate the
original historical look of the building.
• Wall finishes should be compatible with the existing character of the buildings in
Pahoa.
• Walls of buildings should have a consistent finish.
• Wood siding should be consistent in a horizontal or vertical direction
• Walls of exposed concrete block or plywood siding (T1-11) should not be used
I • Plywood may be used on new construction only if battens are used to create board
and batten look.
• Composite siding like Hardy plank and board may be used as long as it has a
distinctive wood grain look.
Architectural Details
The decorative details of shape, color and texture
Traditional plantation style architecture reflects an era when building materials were
expensive and labor costs were low. Because of this architectural ornamentation and
details were limited to the buildings main façade.
• Architectural details should be simple and not overly ornate.
• Original architectural details should be preserved on any buildings being
rehabilitated.
• Ornamentation from the Plantation era should be incorporated into new
construction, including vents, canopies, false fronts, cornices, brackets, transoms,
kick plates, doors and windows.
• Details should be well integrated with the design and not appear as "add ons" or
after thoughts.
• Design motifs should reflect meaningful symbols or forms from the surrounding
environment.
• Trim and pattern relief should be used to break up the monotony on large long
structures.
4 • New construction should not be overly cluttered with ornamentation detail.
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Doors
Doors are often one of the first items to be replaced when a building is modernized. Flush
mounted wood doors or aluminum framed glass are typical of modernization.
• The use of wood doors and frames is preferred. Doors should have featured
multiple panels or panels and glazing.
• Whenever possible maintain original door styles and hardware in its original
opening wherever possible, especially on the primary facade.
• Door frames of aluminum and vinyl must simulate natural grain materials or be
trimmed so as to minimize their non-traditional appearance.
• For new construction and renovation of existing buildings, doors should be
compatible with the existing traditional styles.
• Glazing in storefront doors should be proportionate to store front windows.
• Glass panels should not be painted.
• Large size delivery doors, barred metal doors and aluminum doors should not be
visible from the street.
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Color
Exterior color is one of the most important aspects of a building. Color is also one of the
simplest architectural details to change and can be an excellent method to quickly
enhance a building's appearance and streetscape.
• Dark green, brownish red, white, beige, gray is typical of plantation style
coloration.
• Contrasting complimentary colors should be used for accents, trims and
architectural details that comprise relative minor portions of the building's façade.
Side and rear walls should be painted in the same colors as the building's main
façade.
• While bright and vibrant color schemes have long been a feature in Pahoa's
architectural history and continue to be acceptable, fluorescent colors should not
be used on any structure.
Signs
Signs are an important element of the Pahoa Village Design district, providing
information and identifying businesses,but also adding interest and a visual variety to the
streetscape. While sign diversity is encouraged, individual signs must be compatible with
the overall character of Pahoa and the adjacent structures. All signs must conform to
Chapter 3 (Sign Code), HCC.
Landscape Planting
• All landscaping for buildings requiring Plan Approval shall conform to Rule 17,
Planning Department Rules of Practice and Procedure.
• Landscaping should be used to enhance and compliment the architecture of
adjacent buildings, but should not hide a building.
• Landscaping should be used to encourage pedestrian circulation by providing
visual variety, color and shade.
• Parking lots should screened by hedges, walls or fences from public view at
ground level. Parking areas should have landscaping between parking isles to
reduce the visual impact of a "sea of cars" or empty parking surface.
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Walls and Fences
Walls and Fences provide enclosure, definition and privacy, but can also serve to
compliment a structures architectural feature.
• Fence and wall materials should be compatible with a building's architecture and
the overall character of the area.
• Walls and fences along a public right-of-way and/or front yard should have a
maximum height of 3 feet. Corners and intermediate posts and pillars may be six
inches taller.
• Chain link fences are not permitted along lot frontage, adjacent to public open
space, or in any area readily visible to the public unless landscaping is provided to
screen 100% of the chain link fence from public view from the street or sidewalk.
• Side and rear yard walls and/or fences that are readily visible to the public should
utilize landscaping to screen any portion visible to the public.
Parking
• On-site parking should be located at the rear of a building in order to minimize
negative visual impacts.
• Avoid parking areas at the sides of buildings that separate building facades on the
adjacent lots.
• Parking areas should be screened from the street with landscaping, walls, and/or
fences.
• Parking entrances should be designed to minimize interruptions in street tree
patterns and the number of curb cuts.
• Rooftop parking should be screened from public view by architectural features
such as false fronts.
Architectural Guidelines — Residential
Setbacks
Historically, residential buildings were set back from the sidewalk or street and featured a
front yard. In addition to a main house, some lots also included second (ohana) dwellings
as well as smaller secondary structures such as cottages, garages, carports and storage
sheds.
Building Form,Height and Scale
New homes should respect and maintain the building mass and form of Pahoa's
traditionally small forms. Typical houses were one story and featured a simple
rectangular geometric shape.
• No structure should sharply contrast with the overall scale of the neighborhood.
• The height of all new or enlarged dwellings shall be consistent with the Hawai`i
County code.
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Roofs
New homes should utilize roof shapes, materials and colors that are compatible with the
existing traditional architecture of Pahoa Town.
• Gable,hipped and gable-on hip roofs were traditional forms. Hawaiian hipped
roofs with flared eaves are also evident in Pahoa and are considered appropriate
for new residential construction.
• Many plantation-style homes had toe tongued corrugated roofs. Traditional roof
materials also include wood shakes and asphalt.
• Roof colors should be of earth tones. Reflective surfaces and shiny or bright
colors should be avoided.
• Mechanical equipment, including,but not limited to, solar panels, satellite dish
antennas and their supporting hardware should be installed so as not to be visible
from the street or sidewalk.
Walls
Wall finishes should be compatible with the traditional character of existing buildings in
the Design District.
• Builders and homeowners are encouraged to construct houses with traditional
materials including vertical board,board and batten or horizontal board. Imitation
wood materials such as "Hardy Plank or board"or its equivalent that substantially
mimic traditional wood materials are acceptable.
• Girts, a horizontal band encircling a house at mid-wall, were a common feature
and can be used as a distinctive plantation-style detail.
• To preserve the integrity of Pahoa's historic homes, as defined by Chapter 6E-2,
HRS, original building materials should not be covered with finish materials such
as aluminum, vinyl,plastic, asphalt sheets or shingles,brick veneers,plywood
sheets. Imitation wood materials such as "Hardy Plank or board" or its equivalent
are acceptable.
Windows
The windows in the traditional plantation style homes served a functional purpose, and
have become a character-defining feature.
• The predominant window style was wood framed, double hung windows, often
with multiple-lights.
• Wood framed, multiple panes, sliding sash windows were also quite common.
• Wood framed casement windows were also used.
• Homes of more upscale design had more elaborate windows with diamond or
rectangular-patterned lights.
• Aluminum is not only inappropriate,but impractical in a humid tropical climate.
If synthetic materials are used they must have some type of simulated wood grain
pattern or be trimmed so as to minimize their non-traditional appearance.
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Doors
Doors, like windows, were often a key element in the design aesthetic of plantation-style
homes.
• Solid core wood doors or wood doors with simple windows are appropriate.
• True divided multiple-light French doors with or without true divided multiple-
light sidelights are appropriate.
• Simple outside screen doors are appropriate.
• Simple vinyl or aluminum doors are not appropriate,however; if these materials
are used they must have some type of simulated wood grain pattern or trimmed so
as to minimize their non-traditional appearance.
Urban Land Institute—Ed McMahon
"Historical reference-Pahoa Yesterday-Hiroo Sato,2002
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