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(Zosterops japonicus) and Mynah (Acridotheres tristis) and the alien mammal mongoose
<br /> (Herpestes auropunctatus), along with domestic cats and dogs. Common native waterbirds such as
<br /> ulili (Heteroscelus incanus) and kolea(Pluvialis fulva)utilize the rocky shelf makai of the project
<br /> site. In terms of conservation value,however, no valuable bird habitat is present on the project site
<br /> itself due to the lack of any suitable habitat. The State listed Hawaiian Goose or Nene ( Branca
<br /> sanad, icensiy) could potentially occur in the vicinity of the proposed project site. As it is against
<br /> State law to harm or harass these species, if any are present during construction, then all activities
<br /> within 140 feet(30 meters) will cease, and the bird or birds will not be approached.
<br /> K. Valued Cultural Resources: Identify any traditional and customary native Hawaiian rights that
<br /> are exercised in the area; the extent in which the proposed development will affect these rights;
<br /> and feasible action to be taken to protect native Hawaiian rights if they exist.
<br /> "Puna, as a political unit, played an insignificant part in shaping the course of
<br /> history of Hawai'i Island. Unlike the other districts of Hawaii, no great family arose
<br /> upon whose support one or another of the chiefs seeking power had to depend
<br /> for his success. Puna lands were desirable, and were eagerly sought, but their
<br /> control did not rest upon conquering Puna itself, but rather upon control of the
<br /> adjacent districts, Kau and Hilo." 6
<br /> Despite its perceived lack of importance with respect to the emerging political history of
<br /> Hawaiian leadership, Puna was a region famed in legendary history for its associations with the
<br /> goddess Pele and god Kane. Because of the relatively young geological history and persistent
<br /> volcanic activity the region's association with Pele has been a strong one.However,the association
<br /> with Kane is perhaps more ancient. Kane, ancestor to both chiefs and commoners, is the god of
<br /> sunlight, fresh water, verdant growth, and forests.8 It is said that before Pele migrated to Hawaii
<br /> from Kahiki, there was "no place in the islands . . more beautiful than Puna" (Pukui 1983).
<br /> Contributing to that beauty were the groves of fragrant hala and forests of`ohi`a lehua for which
<br /> Puna was famous:
<br /> Puna pdia 'ala i ka hala (Puna, with walls fragrant with pandanus blossoms) Puna,
<br /> Hawai'i, is a place of hala and lehua forests. In olden days the people would stick
<br /> the bracts of hala into the thatching of their houses to bring some of the fragrance
<br /> indoors. (Pukui 1983:301)
<br /> 6 Barrere, D.(1959)Political History of Puna. In Natural and Cultural History Report on the Kalapona Extension of the
<br /> Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park:Vol. I, pp. 15-65. Compiled by Emory, K.P.,W.J. Bonk,Y.H.Sinoto, D.B. Barrere,
<br /> Department of Anthropology, B.P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu.
<br /> 'Maly, K. (1998) "PUNA, KA AINA 1 KA HIKINA A KA LA."A Cultural Assessment Study Archival and Historical
<br /> Documentary Research and Oral History Interviews for the Ahupuo'a of Aholanui, Loepdo'o, and Oneloo(with Pohoiki),
<br /> District of Puna, Island of Hawai'i(TMI<:1-4-02, por.07,13,73,74,75). Prepared for David Matsuura,A&0 International
<br /> Corporation; Oneloa Development, Hilo, Hawaii.
<br /> 8 Pukui, M. (1983) 'Olelo Noeau, Hawaiian Proverbs&Poetical Sayings. B.P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 71. Bishop
<br /> Museum Press, Honolulu.
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<br /> Attachment to SMA Major Use Permit Application of Kerr/Gleason,TMK: (3) 1-5-058 : 053
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