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40 FIRST GENEVA CONVENTION OF 1949 <br /> CHAPTER II <br /> Wounded and Sick <br /> Protection ART. 12. — Members of the armed forces and other persons <br /> and care mentioned in the following Article,who are wounded or sick,shall <br /> be respected and protected in all circumstances. <br /> They shall be treated humanely and cared for by the Party to the <br /> conflict in whose power they may be, without any adverse <br /> distinction founded on sex, race, nationality, religion, political <br /> opinions, or any other similar criteria. Any attempts upon their <br /> lives, or violence to their persons, shall be strictly prohibited; in <br /> particular,they shall not be murdered or exterminated,subjected to <br /> torture or to biological experiments; they shall not wilfully be left <br /> without medical assistance and care,nor shall conditions exposing <br /> them to contagion or infection be created. <br /> Only urgent medical reasons will authorize priority in the order <br /> of treatment to be administered. <br /> Women shall be treated with all consideration due to their sex. <br /> The Party to the conflict which is compelled to abandon <br /> wounded or sick to the enemy shall,as far as military considerations <br /> permit,leave with them a part of its medical personnel and material <br /> to assist in their care. <br /> Protected ART. 13. — The Present Convention shall apply to the wounded <br /> persons and sick belonging to the following categories: <br /> 1) Members of the armed forces of a Party to the conflict as well <br /> as members of militias or volunteer corps forming part of <br /> such armed forces. <br /> 2) Members of other militias and members of other volunteer <br /> corps, including those of organized resistance movements, <br /> belonging to a Party to the conflict and operating in or outside <br /> their own territory,even if this territory is occupied,provided <br /> that such militias or volunteer corps,including such organized <br /> resistance movements,fulfil the following conditions: <br /> a) that of being commanded by a person responsible for his <br /> subordinates; <br /> b) that of having a fixed distinctive sign recognizable at a <br /> distance; <br /> c) that of carrying arms openly; <br /> d) that of conducting their operations in accordance with the <br /> laws and customs of war. <br />