Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout2024-09-26 PL-INT-2024-008840 GP 2045 Draft Comments - E. Dunn DeVera, Ashley From: Elizabeth Dunn < Sent: Thursday, September 26, 2024 1:31 PM To: Planning General Plan; Surprenant, April; Villegas, Rebecca Subject: Comments on the Draft General Plan Attachments: Draft GP 2045 Comments 092624.pdf; Attachment 1 (Pages 40-48).pdf; Attachment 2 (Pages 67-71).pdf; Attachment 3 (pages 78-82).pdf; Attachment 4 (pages 199-208).pdf Aloha County Planning Staff: I'm attaching my comments on the draft General Plan. As there is a running list of comments, and attachments, I may have to send these in batches to you. Thank you for the hard, and good work on this document. I know it's a process. Elizabeth Dunn 1 September 26, 2024 Comments on the County of Hawai'i General Plan 2045 Final Recommended Draft July 2024 GLOSSARY: Functional Plan: Why would a functional plan not be adopted by Resolution? This is a bad idea to create a plan, have public comments on the plan, and then have it adopted by Resolution. Why would the public trust such a plan. Please also explain if these functional plans are required to be prepared by other County or State Agencies or if this is an intention or "best practices" from the Planning Department and its General Plan consultants. I attended the General Plan meeting in Kona in late August. The way the information was presented at this meeting was that these functional plans were something to explore, and not a required procedure. Also, how does this type of plan differ from a policy? There needs to be a further and greater explanation of this type of plan, how it's used, what Agency uses this plan, and why it's necessary. The definition, and application, feels phony, and troubling in how it's used, created, and adopted (or not). Incompatible Development: Please explain this better or provide an example of this. The descriptor makes it sound like a land use that's crossed a property line (with a few different options to solve this situation). However, the "negative or economic or environmental effects" implies something different, like the impacts of climate change, or VOG. Please provide a better explanation of what this is, and why this term is needed in the General Plan. Indigenous Data Science: Please better explain what is being said here. It's not easy to follow, and it should be. Please also expand somewhere in the draft General Plan HOW community engagement is to occur for this type of IDS. I am very skeptical about the Planning Department's approach to engaging the indigenous communities since it appears not to unless required by by SHPD for the various cultural impact assessments, burial plans, or archeological studies. A better approach would be to reach out to the indigenous communities island wide, and start to build a relationship with people so that when development applications are submitted, the various communities are consulted first, and not as an afterthought. Innovative Housing: The use of ADUs, factory-built homes, manufactures or modular (and volumetric) housing are not new types or uses of housing. If it is to Hawai'i Island, please say that. Please also define what is "volumetric housing"? Please use more basic terms in the General Plan that some of what reads as weird jargon. Integrated Resource Plans: Cross-island transmission lines? Is this discussed elsewhere in the draft GP? This is a huge issue, even if the Planning Department, and the County of Hawai'i can only give guidance to HELCO or the state Public Utility Commission on this issue. These transmission lines are an eyesore, there's been a huge body of information about the health risk potential of the electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted by these power lines, and where this kind of facility is places. Net Zero: The term "global warming" is used here. I thought the term "climate change" is the more commonly used phrase. Please consider using this language throughout the draft General Plan. Page 10 of the Glossary has a definition of Climate Change, Climate Change Impacts, Climate Mitigation, and Climate Resilience. Global warming is a term that isn't used in these descriptions. Please work to be as internally consistent with terms as best as you can. Open Space: Please consider revising this definition. I find it very troubling that this proposed term has land uses that would not normally be included in this "catch all" category, such as flood protection, separation of incompatible land uses, areas for agricultural operations, historical site preservation, and lands with slopes of 20% or more. There are better land use categories for these descriptions. I sympathize with wanting to streamline the number and amount of General Plan (and future Zoning Code) land use designations, but there are too many land uses thrown into the OPEN SPACE category. Overlay and Overlay Zone: These definitions say the same thing. Please consider using only the Overlay Zone. People are smart enough to understand what an Overlay is and that an Overlay Zone is an additional layer of requirements. Underserved Subdivisions: What is the purpose of this definition? It feels out of place, and not needed. Urban Growth Area (UGA): Second bullet point - what does "respect" mean? Please qualify and clarify. Third bullet point - sufficiently. What does this mean? How is this quantified? Is there any thought to combine this definition with Urban Service Area? The definitions seem quite similar and appear to work towards the same intent. Variance: Please expand this definition, as this isn't as specific as it should be. Please look at "Local Planning - Contemporary Principles and Practices" for a better definition. Please explain why there are so many levels of plans: Community Development Plan, Functional Plans; General Plan; Integrated Resource Plans; Master Plan; Special Area Plans; Urban Development Plans; and Village Plan. Do all of these types of Plans currently exist, or are required? Are some of them good ideas to create in the future by the County of Hawai'i or Agencies it works with? A graphic to show how these plans work together and why all of these types of Plans are needed will help to explain why so many types of plans are discussed and how they are intended to work together. I know there is Figure 3 in Chapter 1, but this doesn't elaborate on my issue of whys many plans exist, and are needed. It's unnecessarily complicated. A City of approximately 200,000 on the mainland wouldn't have so many regulatory hurdles with various plans - why does this County? Chapter 1 - Introduction 1.1 Purpose and Authority of the General Plan I wish this section could be expanded to have more vision, and the language about process, politics, and efficiencies were at the end of this list. The General Plan is a vision and values document, and efficiencies are important. Please consider reorganizing this list so that the higher order of values and island visions are at the top of the list, and the administrative aspects of the draft General Plan are at the bottom of this list. (D) Are General Plan Amendments (GPA) not allowed by a developer as part of development proposal? I'd appreciate it if this could be explained. If they are not, is a change to Section 3-15 of the Hawai'i County Charter contemplated to allow a GPA as part of a development proposal? 1.4 Sustainability Principles and Practices. "Prosperity" for whom? Please be specific when terms like this are used. Page 24, Footnote 2 referencing HRS, Section 226-2. Please explain and provide an example when a "guideline may be deviated from without penalty or sanction". I've not heard of this, and would like to understand how and when this has been used. To see this used as a footnote without context is alarming. It's like a get out of jail card, without any definition or description or how, when and where it can be used. 1.6 Grounded Vision and Goals I appreciate the General Plan Vision State, as well as the Sustainable Development and Resilient Communities Goals, but this language and the intent behind it is overly ambitious. There is no sustainable development now that is being built. Perhaps the newest development in Waikoloa, and Waikoloa Village, but not in any other development proposal I've seen. If this is going to be a building principle and goal, each and every developer, including those projects that have been approved years ago, and are on the books as "active projects", need to update their plans, and approaches, and incorporate the "one water" principle. If these projects don't then this General Plan will not have achieved its goal. There is so much language in this draft General Plan that speaks to "incorporating indigenous and contemporary knowledge and placed based practices to direct and manage growth for the health and safety of our communities". However, there is no clear discussion on HOW the indigenous communities will be brought into the Planning process. Please expand on how and what that process looks like. Chapter 2 - Collaborative Bicultural Stewardship 2.1 Introduction. I feel I'm going to say the same thing over and over and over again. I appreciate the language about bringing all people into the Planning process, but from what I've seen since I've lived here, that sure hasn't happened. Certainly, there's collection of comments and concerns from the public, but no real listing and hearing of the comments - by staff, the Leeward Planning Commission and several members of the County Council. So when I read the language in the second paragraph which states that, "the policies presented in this section seek to foster partnerships that are based on multi respect, trust, and shared values", I don't believe it. I can't believe it. Why? Because I haven't experienced it personally or seen it in the various public meetings I've attended. I don't know how this County, and Planning Department believe it's going to get over the lack of distrust in the Planning process, and those in the management of the Department, and even the current Mayor, when the decision making process feels rigged and corrupt. Why invite people to participate when the developers are already meeting with the Planning Department and are overheard that the project is a "done deal"? Where is the mutual respect and trust? The Planning Department doesn't conduct its own neutral environmental review (which the developer must pay for); instead, it uses the developer prepared environmental documentation, and agrees with it completely. There is no peer review of this information. There is little to no analysis of a development proposal, and all the staff reports recommend approval. Even with such a controversial project like the one proposed above Black Sands Beach. What are the shared values? This is only place where I can make my concerns known about the Planning Department, how its operates, and the culture within this organization, that may have any consequence. When I continue to read language about bringing people into the decision making process, I'm appalled, and it does't happen now. Why would I (or anyone else) believe it will happen in the future? Please see my hand written comments on Pages 40-48 of the attachment. I have too many comments to type here, and have scanned these pages. If you have questions about my comments, pease feel free to email me. Chapter 3 - Addressing Climate Change for Island-Wide Health This is a great chapter, and it feels like this is an insert that is now included in all General Plans. It is written very differently than the rest of the General Plan, and is very scientific. Not that that's a bad thing. It just feels very different, and doesn't quite fit with the rest of this draft document. Page 66: Under Conservation, my comment is that cesspools have to be removed immediately. I live 1/2 to 3/4 of a mile above Ali'i Drive. I'm still dismayed that the Leeward Planning Commission allowed a property owner to change a single family house into a bed and breakfast, and all the effluent discharges directly into the ocean. How gross. If the County really wanted to show it's serious about cesspool conversion, it would adopt a moratorium on these kind of commercialization of uses, and not allow an intensification of land uses until cesspools are removed, and a realistic long term solution to sewer connection is adopted and funded by Hawai'i County. Have a backbone people. The ocean can heal itself but we need to help. Please see my hand written comments on Pages 67-71 of the attachment. I have too many comments to type here, and have scanned these pages. If you have questions about my comments, please feel free to email me. Chapter 4 - Sustainable Development and Resilient Communities The introduction in 4.1.1 is really good. It's written very well, and is a clear, and easy to understand presentation of land use planning. Good job!! Table 16: The information is Changing and Aging Population is surprising, in terms of the projected population growth rate of Hawai'i Island. If there's a way to summarize the population shift (in and out migration), demographic changes (Island population growth rate, birth and death rates, and an aging population), that would really get the point across about the types of demographic changes the island has and is expected to experience. Even more critical is the overall growth rate - 35% by 2045? That's a huge figure, and needs to be planned for now with the island infrastructure of roads, water delivery, wastewater treatment plant and landfills expansions, schools, and all levels of hospitals and clinics. Table 17: Infrastructure. Second bullet. What can be done at the state level to remove the state from being involved in County land use issues? Why is the state still involved in these issues? That power should be fully delegated to the locals so the four counties can plan for their own future without working through the state process, especially if that's an impediment for any hearings or approval at the state level. Is there the political will to consider doing this? Is it possible or it this an issue that the State won't release its grip on. Third bullet: What is meant by the "desired density"? I find this kind of language to be troubling as it is quantitative and not qualitative. Please consider terms that are more descriptive without being so restrictive to future plans, and the larger political decision making process (Planning Commission and County Council actions). Regulations, Fourth bullet: Same comment about working to amend the State involvement in County land use Planning and plans. Is there political will among the neighbor islands to dissolve this board, and other language and state processes that rightfully belong at the County level? Sixth bullet: Has a TDR program been used successfully in the State? If so, where? It would be grateful to know how this process has worked, and what issues there were with the process. It's an old case from the 1970's, but the one significant TDR program I remember studying was in New York City with the air rights above Grand Central Station. I'm not sure what other cities, and States have used a TDR successfully, and especially for preserving open space. More specifics need to be understood about how such a program would work here. Market Conditions - Sixth Bullet. I find this statement to be an excuse. This happens in Planning. Development applications are submitted, reviewed, processed, and most often, approved. This timeline doesn't always, and rarely meets the market for getting the product - housing commercial space, etc. - online at a time that meets developers expectations. What I find to be very confusing here on this island is projects that are approved, and not built. They stay on the books for a long time, and may or may not ever get built. Why go through the time, money, effort, and public engagement process to secure a land approval entitlement, and not build. The fault lies with the developer, not the Planning staff or the County. Please reconsider revising this statement, as I believe this statement puts blame on the wrong party. It's a risk to develop land. If the developer can't deliver, then that's not the right developer for the project or the neighborhood. I'd like to see some language in this section of the draft General Plan that prohibits or penalizes "land or entitlement" banking. That's a huge issue for this island, and it's not mentioned anywhere in this document. I know the County Council has passed or intends to pass several Ordinances to understand how many previously approved projects are still on the books and have not been built. That's an issue since the land is held by an entity that has secured a Planning approval, the Planning approval doesn't have real teeth regarding any expiration, and the land can't be built on. Let's be honest with this situation, and call for changes to the Planning process with Conditions of Approval that have real deadlines, Project Approvals that have real deadlines, and Developers that are paper jockeys and don't intend to develop. They hold the land hostage, and the community suffers. Please see my comments on scanned Pages 78-82. 4.1.3 Overview of Land Use Designations and Maps The last sentence under Interpretation - is the decision by the Planning Director appealable? If not, it should be. And a fee for this appeal should be established. Objective 13: Really good. Page 89, Resort. Please consider stronger language for 13.44, 13.46 and use "shall' instead of "should". 13.45 would be stronger if "Prohibit" were used instead of "do not allow". 13.48 - What is a clear community benefit? It should be more than money... If it's money, there should be a program that's created on how this money is used to benefit the community, and the community should be able to direct how this money is used. 13.50 would be stronger if encourage was replaced with "require". Page 90. 13e. Why is the size of 15 acres used for a TOD? It would be great to understand why. Page 101, Objective 15 15.2 Why is a "special" permit needed? Is this type of permit discussed or allowed in the County Code? If not, does a new category need to be created? 15.3 would be stronger if "Require" were used instead of encourage. 15.6 would be stronger if "shall" were used instead of should. Actions. 15.b Please clarify what this means. I think it's the phrase "maximum developable area consideration" that doesn't make sense to me. 15c. Who over sees a County Agricultural Tourism program? 15e. What is the rationale to require an annual reporting of additional farm dwellings? What is the goal of this report meant to accomplish? I don't disagree with it - I want to understand why this is important and how it relates to the larger island issue of housing. Table 28 The Kona community is still very upset about the once free parking lots in the commercial area east of Ali'i Drive now being paid parking. It would be great if the County could create a program to better manage this situation, beyond using the town trolley, or having residents get a discount on parking by providing their personal information (driver's license and credit card information) to get 90 minutes of free parking. I know this could be a multi year discussion, including purchasing land and creating a program to better manage the parking, but it would be a huge win for the County. I don't mind paying for parking, and I'd rather pay for parking that go through another issue of identity theft or hacking. I'm not providing my personal information to an unknown third party to save a few bucks. Page 111, Objective 17 17.4 Replace "should" with shall (active living corridors shall be incorporated...) Page 116, Actions 19a Is the County's Street Design Manual being used now? The working here makes me think it isn't. Page 117, Policies Please consider using "appropriate" instead of "when necessary" for the Street Design Manual. When necessary sounds like it is less likely to be used on a regular basis, and is subjectively applied. Actions. 20a. Please elaborate. What is the program/policy supposed to do or accomplish? Who creates this program/policy? 20e. Is the Complete Streets different from the Street Design Manual? If it is, would this Complete Streets document be in addition to or override the Street Design Manual? Page 123, Objective 24. Please consider using "shall" for 24.1 and 24.7. It would make these policies stronger. Page 126, Drinking Water Please consider creating legislation that requires a water study for residential, commercial or industrial developments of a certain size (over 50 residential units, 50,000 sf. for example). This should ensure that water availability is not in question for these developments. Additionally, for projects that are on the books, but have not been built, and any money that has been paid for water credits, this money, and the credits revert to the Department of Water Supply after 5 years if no building permit has been issued. There has to be some way to incentivize development to occur (if that's the intent) and to discourage land banking/holding by entities that type up land without developing it for needed housing. Table 34. Please elaborate about the seventh bullet point under drinking water. What does this mean, and what is the thought process or public policy behind this statement? Wastewater First and sixth built points - consider preparing and adapting a Recycled Water Ordinance for this purpose, and to enact the County's "One Water" scheme. Stormwater Second bullet: Please consider creating a schedule for a regular review of County codes, and codify this so it's a clearly understood and agreed upon, and not something that happens "as needed". Page 130 - Objective 25 25.5 Consider using "require" instead or encourage. Actions 25a. Consider language establishing a built in fee escalator tied to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) or Cost of Living Allowance (COLA), whichever is higher, so that fees go up automatically annually without having to go back to Council for this action. Also, consider creating language that creates a schedule for reviewing fees, say every five years, so that this happens as a course of business and is a regular occurrence. If this needs to be codified, please consider language to do that. Objective 26 26.6 Please consider using "shall be" instead or "reasonably possible". That is vague language. 26.12 Please consider using "shall" for backup standby sources. 26c. Same language as 25a about a built in cost escalator, and a schedule of reviewing fees. Page 137, Objective 27 27.7. Same language about a built in cost escalator, and a schedule of reviewing fees. 27.13 -27.15 Consider "require" instead of encourage or prioritize. Page 142, Objective 28 Policy 28.1 Please clarify if this is an aspect of private development projects. 28.3 Please consider using "shall" instead of should. Page 145. Please check, but I believe the Ukraine-Russia war started in 2022, not 2023. Objective 32 32.6, 32.10, 32.11, 32.15, 32.16. Consider "shall" instead of should. Page 171, 35b, and 351. Please consider creating a timing mechanism for an audit of the park dedication code, and subdivision requirements. Every 10 years? I think establishing a timeframe is good, and should be codified, so this kind of "housekeeping" occurs, and isn't lost or forgotten. 35r. I don't disagree with the statement, but wonder if this is the appropriate section for cemeteries, as the discussion is about Recreational Facilities Siting and Planning. 35y (ii). Consider language establishing a built in fee escalator tied to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) or Cost of Living Allowance (COLA), whiter is higher, so that fees go up automatically annually without having to go back to Council for this action. Also, consider creating language that creates a schedule for reviewing fees, say every five years, so that this happens as a course of business and is a regular occurrence. If this needs to be codified please consider language to do that. Page 177, 36c. I don't disagree with this issue, but is the proper location within the draft General Plan for this issue? Objective 37 37.2 - Will this issue (incentive a mix of diverse housing types, including missing middle housing, smaller house designs, and mixed income communities - get relayed to developers? If so, perhaps this is an avenue to pursue for some kind of incentive for developers to pursue so this housing type is built. Built. Built. Built. It has to be built. And language in the conditions of approval has other be included that the project approval expires in X years if no building permit is issued, and acted upon. Page 183, 37f. Please elaborate on this. Does this mean work with communities before a development applications submitted? If so, please say that. If that's not meant, what is meant? 37h. How can this work with SHPD? I'm not against expedited permitting, and would encourage that. I'd also suggest that a higher fee is charge for this service. I would not encourage any fee waiver for in order to get smaller house designs to the community can have greater options in housing. 38.1 Please elaborate on this. Specially, what is the public policy that is to be achieved by this? Is the County trying to understand the age and quality of the housing stock? A little more explanation would make this item stronger. 38c. I have a real problem with this. It feels like a huge break for unpermitted work. How does the County know when this work occurred? How far back is the County willing to go with building codes to use? I'd really question if this is the route the County wants to take on this. It's unfair to people who get permits, and to use older building codes doesn't make the housing stock better or safer. Please reconsider this option, or create better language for this. Objective 29 39.3 If the County wants to create more affordable housing, I'd suggest looking at something longer than 20 years. If this resets when the house sells, so that a new owner also has a 20 year term of affordability, that's great. But something longer, like 30 years, the term of a traditional mortgage, provides greater certainty to this process. Please also ensure that any revision to Chapter 11, Housing, of the County Code, matches the term here. 39.10 Please use the term existing parks instead of near facilities. If something else is meant by public facilities, place explain that. Chapter 5 - Thriving Diverse, and Regenerative Economy Page 197, Action Item 43d. What department is supposed to implement this? Are new staff members, across all Departments, intended to be hired to accomplish this action? Please explain how this is to be implemented. Page 198. All of items 44.1 - 44.12 are good information and supportive, but don't really "do" anything. Please see my hand written comments on Pages 199-202 and 206 - 208 of the attachment. I have too many comments to type here, and have scanned these pages. If you have questions about my comments, please feel free to email me. Page 205. Items 46.4 and 46.6. Same comment as item 43d. Are these issues the Planning Department is to implement? If not, what department? Are new staff to be hired to implement these policies? Page 209. Please consider using Interrelated instead of interacting when discussing the Hawai'i Tourism Authority. Page 212. Action item 48d. Who or what department developed a stewardship program to identify wahi pana? It would be helpful to have more assignment of tasks to the appropriate department within this document, and ensure that the Department is on board with gaining additional responsibilities. I realize this may be listed in a section of the Plan I haven't read yet; if it is, I will read that section, and perhaps this statement will be answered there. Page 213. Action 49c. Same comment as 48d. Page 213. 49f. Is this a Planning Department issue? If not, please consider being clear about assigning tasks to the appropriate department within this document, and ensure that the Department is on board with gaining additional responsibilities. Chapter 6 - Implementation and Monitoring 6.2 - County Planning System. Third sentence - "the diagram above" . I think this should be "below". 6.2.2 - Urban Development Plans. Where are these on the island now? Are they is use now? If so, please discuss where they are, and provide a brief history of how they came into existence, how well they are working, and if these plans should continue to be used or phased out. 6.2.3 Special Area Plans. Same question as for Urban Development Plans. 6.2.4 - Public Agency Functional Plans and Programs. Again, please explain if these plans are in use now, or are prosed by this draft General Plan. It's very confusing for the amount of Plans this County has, and how they are all supposed to work together, and who has authority over these various plans. ONE LAST BIG THOUGHT One issue that I didn't read about, and may be to big to address in a realistic manner, is the reduction of microplastics. They're everywhere, and in so many consumer items. If there's a way to address that, that would be wonderful, but I understand it's larger than this island or state. Table 2: Biocultural Stewardship Opportunities Native Habitat • The County can collaborate with the State Office of Planning and Sustainable Development to create models for monitoring the carrying capacity of natural resources. • Ongoing conservation work can continue to evolve from species-specific conservation (e.g., Albizia eradication)to focus on ecosystem restoration across multiple land ownership to protect -v Hawai'i's biodiversity. • Maintaining healthy, native-dominant forests offers immense savings of biocultural and water resources that might otherwise be lost to the impacts of climate change and invasive species, t • Conservation lands hold significant value in the water resources they represent. 1 • Incentivizing and developing regenerative land uses, such as agroforestry, can provide c ( sustainable opportunities to ecosystems and communities. c ' • Hawaii can become a statewide adaptation and resiliency leader by focusing on its unique strengths and diversity to evolve with changing realities. • Urban forestry can be prioritized or incentivized in the County Code. v ( ? Watersheds • Establish more place-based watershed partnerships to create unique management plans that incorporate the generational knowledge of those water systems and protect our island's watersheds. l kArkl • Strengthen the integration of Hawaiian biocultural resource management and traditional ecological knowledge across County government. ti �kr�, x.11 r • Practice an integrated approach to ecosystem-based collaborative management that considers the entire ecosystem. • Watershed protection and management require collaboration and coordination across all levels of government and must include effective community engagement. r\- .t• 54--1s Stewardship • Hawai'i Island has a large variation of its unique natural biomes and ecosystems. • Ongoing interagency coordination, including consultation with place-based land stewards, cultural and historical advisory groups, and other stakeholders. L\ a Ao�.) I • The Count/can stake a more proactive role in exercising its protective public trust role for natural and cultural resources. • Maintain and increase involvement with existing partnerships and identify new partners that help promote and enhance biocultural stewardship. • Collaborate to complete additional EPA-approved watershed plans to increase eligibility for future conservation funding. Cultural & Historic • Preservation of historic properties can enhance the educational, cultural, economic and general Assets welfare of the island. • Community Development Plans(CDP)can uplift community values and heritage character. • Consult with place-based culture and history advisory groups as well as other organizations that continue to elevate, protect, and maintain community values, heritage,culture, and history. Scenic Character • The County has a strong policy foundation for scenic resources. • Scenic resources include historic buildings that contribute to community character and preserve the history of the area. • The scenic resources inventory and mapping project can be further developed into a program. r ✓� 'V� `�r'v`. L` L ,.„,„\)1.-jr 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship County of Hawaii General Plan 40 2. 2 Biocultural stewardship Goal, Objectives, Policies, and Actions Natural and cultural resources are thriving and sustainably managed, preserved, and restored to maintain our unique and diverse environment. Objective 1 Increase the biodiversity and resilience of native habitats. Policies 1 .1 Minimize and mitigate significant impacts, such as degradation, incompatible uses, or other threats, to Native Hawaiian habitats and public trust resources. 1.2 Strive to improve the health of the island's forests, rangelands, watersheds, nearshore environments, riparian areas, and reefs. 1.3 Encourage the preservation and restoration of natural landscape features, such as reefs, beaches and dunes, forests, rangelands, streams, floodplains, wetlands, and aquifer recharge areas that have the inherent capacity to prevent, minimize, or mitigate the impacts of climate change. 1.4 Maintain the shoreline for recreational, cultural, educational, and/or scientific uses in a manner that is protective and respectful of resources and is of the maximum benefit to the general public. �\ 1.5 Increase collaborative efforts to improve coordination to conserve and manage wetlands, streams, - J and watershed ,13CvL. tLti -7 1.6 ncourage the preservation of native vegetation and open space during development activities. - �1-_7irmprove the use of native or non-native plants of cultural or environmental importance. L. \a- (:\ 1.8 Prioritize native landscaping for all County projects. + p,r l Y C.- 4Le--ti 1.9 . Limit)he introduction and establishment of invasive species. im .t i 0 /Maintain a program to identify and protect exceptional trees, groves, or stands of trees. 1.1Encourage and incentivize green belts, tree plantings, and landscape plans and designs in urban areas. \,-,r 1.12 Increase collaborative efforts to create and maintain community forests, food forests, silvopasture, . '` u and other agroforestry. �V,A �,, 1.13 Incentivize private land management practices that protect and enhance natural resource allies and, when appropriate, pursue the acquisition oflands I ds for the protecion of-natural-resources.--� p 1.14 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship I County of Hawaii General Plan 41 a) Implement the Hawai'i State Wildlife Action Plan (SWAP) b) Better understand and model carrying capacities of the island's habitats and resources • c Improve the inventory of forested lands and associated ecosystem services 1, U `� ) Encourage the continued identification and inclusion of unique wildlife habitat areas of Native !Y' j Hawaiian habitat within the Natural Area Reserve System 7 4-t e) Anticipate future habitat migration, especially wetlands and coastal ecosystems r ,v).„).; f) Prioritize quantitative wetlan assessment to identify wetlands g) Expand native and/or endemic forest cover h) Improve enforcement for illegal activities that harm or degrade endemic habitats 1.15 Any development will not adversely impact the following resource asset(s): _ 1 D(o) a) Rivers, streams, springs, and other naturally flowing surface water bodies 42.4, b) Anchialine pools and estuaries c) Shoreline setback areas, beaches, and dunes c.L\Altn� 1.16 Maintain shoreline setbacks to protect: a) Natural shoreline vegetation; b) Marine turtle nesting beaches/areas; c) Nearshore water quality; d) Structures from the effects of long-term sea level rise; and e) Beaches and shorelines from erosion. 1.17 Allow the redevelopment of existing waterfront commercial structures consistent with the community character to preserve overwater views. �wfnc+ U-�'r�-•� cti.u� 1.18 Landscaping and irrigation shall be designed to maximize water use efficiency and native plants. 1�. Wk—'"� c% l�J te • Actions 1.a Seek partnership opportunities to support wetland identification and assessments. 1.b Review tree survey requirements and amend the Code to incorporate as part of site planning. 1 .c -urrsi ler the establishm(oKlearing limits within the Code and increase tree removal mitigation requirements, limiting the clearing of native vegetation during development. 1.d Revise floodplain management requirements to requir considerationpf nature-based solutions as alternatives for all projects that have the potential to affect oo p ains or wet an s. 1.e Develop priorities for the management of fire-prone invasive species. Ctiy i 1.f Amend the Code to include an appropriate list of invasive species to be removed during development activities, t e. 1.9 Support programs designed to prevent the introduction and establishment of invasive species and the control and eradication of invasive species; particularly those that serve as disease vectors. 1.h Develop buffer policies to protect native forests, wildlife, rivers, streams, coastal waters, and other native habitats. 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship I County of Hawaii General Plan 42 1 .i Create incentives for landowners to retain and re-establish forest cover in upland watershed areas with an emphasis on native forest species. 1.j Identify partners and support a public awareness and education campaign to elevate recognition of the value of urban trees as essential infrastructure. 1.k Amend the landscape standards in Rule or Code to require the use of native plants for screening or landscaping. 1.1 Amend the Code to incentivize the establishment of threatened and endangered endemic plant species within their habitable ranges during development approvals. 1.m Review the Code and consider amendments to encourage site clustering of development in order to avoid critical environmental areas and assets. l - (y 'v'1na 1).c: ll.-c4 :3i-\14 41 CC.cv 1.n Develop and establish Open Space Network Overlay for natural landscape features, such as beaches and dunes, forests, streams, floodplains, wetlands, estuaries, or recharge areas that have the inherent capacity to avoid, minimize, or mitigate the impacts of climate change. 1 .o Study, develop, and establish Biosphere Reserve Buffer Zones, either separately or as an overlay district, to guide development within native forests through regulatory measures and economic incentives. 1.p Maintain a program for acquiring and/or restoring wetlands, estuaries, and anchialine pools. 1.q Develop comprehensive programs and policies and provide resources for enhancing urban forestry canopy cover. 1.r Improve urban and community forest management, maintenance, and arboricultural practices. 1.s Increase funding and grants for urban and community forestry. 1.t Support programs to prevent harmful invasive species from becoming established. 1.0 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to develop a program for the identification and protection of plant species of special status, including plants significant for cultural practitioners. 1.v Support seedbanks of native and endemic plant species, especially species that are threatened or endangered. 1 .w Partner with community groups to apply for funding to restore native habitats including marine, wetland, shoreline, and native upland systems on County-owned or managed lands. 1.x Prioritize removal of invasive species during maintenance of County-owned or maintained properties. 1.y Assess and prioritize County-owned areas for restoration in collaboration with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders. 1.z Review and update the exceptional tree code and inventory to support the protection of native species and habitats. 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship I County of Hawaii General Plan 43 Objective 2 Preserve and enhance the health and function of watersheds to promote water recharge, improve water quality, and reduce runoff. Policies 1w-{,L f°L,,� 2.1 Engage in comprehensive watershed planning to protect all watersheds and identify priority watershed areas to develop or complete watershed management plans and projects. 2.2 \Addres water best management practices and implement plans for non-point source discharges, s�i'airrigation flows and agricultural or urban runoff. 2.3 (Jriontizforest and land management above 2,500 to 3,000 feet elevation to ensure effective groundwater recharge. 2.4 Within mauka areas of high rainfall/fog-drip belt, ground disturbing activities such as excessive soil compaction and excessive removal of vegetative cover should be minimized and mitigated consistent with management strategies that encourage the retention of existing forested and pasture areas, reforestation, minimal coverage by impervious surfaces and other strategies that encourage effective infiltration to groundwater. Lk 2.5 Watershed management planning should recognize the ecosystem service value of watersheds and open space to protect scenic vistas and aesthetic values; water recharge; carbon {°_ sequestration; oxygen production; habitat enhancement and preservation; fire suppression and VY `" fuel load management; soil conservation; preservation of cultural values; and the potential for �lV additional public access and recreational opportunities. 2.6 Maintain participation in the development and implementation of the Ocean Resources Management Plan (ORMP), marine zoning plans, Marine Managed Areas (MMAs), or other appropriate tools. 2.7 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to: a) Implement a comprehensive conservation plan that identifies priority watershed areas for habitat restoration and enhancement. b) Review and designate forest, river corridors, and watershed areas into the conservation district during State land use boundary comprehensive reviews. c) Monitor nearshore water quality and impacts to reefs and marine environments and address land-based sources of impacts. d) Protect and restore wetlands and riparian corridors to ensure more pristine water quality, decrease erosion, and increase sediment management, groundwater infiltration, nutrient/pollutant uptake, soil moisture retention, stormwater abatement, and cultural/community connections. e) Develop'reasonable standards to improve stream and coastal water quality monitoring and encourage local communities to develop such projects. lki0 le 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship I County of Hawaii General Plan 44 Actions 2.a Review and update the County grading and grubbing ordinances to ensure that they adequately address potential erosion and runoff problems. 2.b Adopt appropriate measures and provide incentives to control point and non-point sources of pollution. 2.c Identify and establish appropriate riparian buffer protection areas around streams, ponds, perennial flowing natural springs, and all springs and reservoirs serving as water supplies. 2.d Support research to identify and refine priority watershed areas meant to enhance groundwater recharge and improve surface water quantity and flows. 2.e Identify and establis (ppropriat)wetland protection areas and regulations to mitigate impacts of development. ~ v ,;;�y=c. - 2.f Partner with and supportila d anager to improve infrastructure and grazing management practices for cattle and other ivestoc to promote soil and groundwater retention and mitigate fire risk. 2.g Amend the Special Management Area (SMA) to include wetlands, riparian, and adjacent buffer areas accordingly. 2.h Build community capacity and agency support for Community Conservation Areas (CCAs) as part of stewardship-based efforts. ® Lxarrmples of community conservation areas Inclur10 food frosts anuf c(nimunity gaidOris. Objective 3 Increase direct community restoration and collaborative efforts to conserve and nourish the island's biocultural resources. Policies v�de-v1i 0(_s(-t,,n,, ' 2-.->-•-'u '`� , ‘ i,.,-0�1�f "17,.. 3.1 Encourage an overall conservation ethic in the use of Hawai`i's resources by protecting, preserving, and conserving critical and significant natural resources. 3.2 Foster educational activities that promote the importance and value of HawaiTs unique and limited environmental resources. `-\1 v,5 \S CA,. s ,t -----r 1,,-4.4, b-u. 3„,,, i k JE.--y--A 3.3 Integrate progressive strategies incorporating indigenous and contemporary knowledge and practices to maintain environmental quality at the highest standards, address a changing climate, protect natural resources, and restore eciosystem health for the benefit of present and future generations. ,.,\)•-k.\_GA.A - .SaAl fy' '4- ' 3.4 Promote and protect traditional exercised rights and customs of Native Hawaiians. 3.5 Promote resource management that is sustainable, responsible, and data driven. 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship I County of Hawaii General Plan 45 is— i 3.6 Require the management of natural resources in a manner that fully minimizes adverse effects on the environment and depletion of energy and natural resources. 3.7 Ensure that activities authorized or funded by the County do not damage natural resources. 3.8 Increase community-based stewardship that focuses on management responsibilities and promote community education and shared learning. fh< � (c ( ' II) Stewardship requires input and participation from the community regarding daily activities,development of policies and programs, and review of proposed projects. 3.9 Improve community planning capacity-building efforts toward coordination, leadership, effective action, connectivity, and impact. v���..71 l,l ��� ��yt 3.10 Contribute to programs for the collection and dissemination of data concerning natural or cultural resources. 3.11 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to: a) Protect special areas, structures, and elements that are an integral and functional part of Hawai'i's ethnic and cultural heritage. b) Identify and protect wahi pana. c) Promote the preservation and restoration of significant natural and historic resources. d) Aid in programmatic education concerning historic sites. e) Maintain the shoreline area for recreational, cultural, educational, and/or scientific uses in a manner that is protective of resources and is of the maximum benefit to the public. f) Encourage the documentation and preservation of traditional ecological knowledge, identifying best management practices for integration. Actions 3.a Contribute on a regular basis to state or federal Geographic Information System (GIS) data stores and other programs for the collection and dissemination of basic data concerning natural, historic, or cultural resources. 1 3.b Create special (business) improvement districts to engage in environmental research, restoration and maintenance, natural resource management, climate change or sea level rise adaptation, or other purposes to improve environmental conditions and provide community benefit. Objective 4 The historical integrity, character, scenic assets, and open spaces of our communities are protected, restored, and treated as unique assets with significant social and economic value and managed in perpetuity. 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship County of Hawaii General Plan 46 Policies 4.1 Require public and private developers to provide historical and archaeological surveys and cultural assessments, where appropriate, prior to the clearing or development of land".4:1-€44-theLe-. ar e land und- .■ ..- - "• •- • , • icaLsignifi-cance.— 4.2 Increase public access opportunities to scenic places and vistas. t ,v 1 k '✓l �, GLit`lt, tL1 4.3 Public access to significant historic sites and objects should be acquired, where appropriate. 7 4.4 Encourage the restoration of significant sites. bGOA , "� 4.5 The County shall use and promote the use of interpretive signs and/or other appropriate methods that are in keeping with the character of the area to recognize landscapes, sites, buildings, and objects of historic and cultural significance. 4.6 Historic preservation shall represent the full range and diversity of the multi-cultural heritage of Hawai'i Island. 4.7 Maintain an inventory of significant cultural and historic sites and districts compatible with that of the State Historic Preservation Division (SHPD). y� c;f 4.8 Ensure that projects requiring preservation plans are identified on subdivision maps and plan :( approval site plans. �r c{�. ,l �cs.��.41� �.` . tv\Y v �to a�� • .• 4.9 The County shall develop comprehensive management plan for historic and cultural resources that are on County-owned or managed properties. 4.10 Maintain the characterpf County-owned historic structures and bridges, as appropriate. - 4.1 1 Identify outstan ing natural or cultural features, such as water courses, fine groves of trees, heiau, and historical sites and structures on subdivision preliminary plat maps. 4.12 Original place names should be restored wherever possible. Actions 4.a Seek private-public partnerships to maintain and steward the preservation of sites, buildings, objects, and landscapes of significant cultural and historical importance. 4.b Maintain Certified Local Government status and maximize funding opportunities. 4.c Support the identification of Heritage Landscapes, Corridors, Areas, and Centers. 4.d Support the development of multi-cultural centers. i; 4.e Support historic district surveys for our urban centers. • 4.f Work with SHPD to establish a framework and database for Cultural Impact Assessments. 4.g Continue the dialogue between State and County agencies to identify guidance to protect Native Hawaiian customary and traditional practices. 4.h Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to develop design guidelines for designated communities containing significant historic buildings, sites, or landscapes. 4.i Assess and prioritize County-owned lands for historic site restoration in collaboration with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders. 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship I County of Hawaii General Plan 47 4.j Create and maintain a GIS overlay of historic districts. 4.k Educate and encourage property owners to nominate structures and sites to the State and National Register of Historic Places. 4.1 Support property owners with the preservation of historic structures that are on the State and National Register of Historic Places. 4.m Provide real property tax incentives for historic properties, including commercial properties. 4.n Support the development of a multi-sector public education program regarding historic and cultural sites that target key partners such as the visitor industry, real estate agents, site developeris', consultants, schools, youth groups, and civic organizations. j �, Objective 5 Protect, restore, and enhance our communities' unique scenic character. Policies t.. 51. Consider structural setbacks from major thoroughfares and highways and establish development r VII and design guidelines to protect important view planes. 5.2 ' Preserve transportation corridors that have important scenic, historic, recreational, natural and/or cultural resources that enhance the character and scenic resources of communities. 5.3 1i Protect the views of areas end with natural beauty by carefully considering the effects of / proposed construction and compatibility during all land use reviews. Encourage the design of developments and activities that complement the natural beauty of the island. 5.5 Maintain a program to identify and protect viewing sites on the island. 5.6 Preserve and protect culturally significant lava tubes, caves, or other geologic features determined to be significant by a governmental agency or plan. ul Nr) Actions C �'� Y !7 5 a Prinnti7e maintaining the views at scenic overlooks with a frequently maintained vegetation management program v.inch includes eradication of invasive species. Coordinate this work with a regular roadway vegetation management maintenance program. 5.b Develop and establish view plane criteria, rankings, and regulations to preserve and enhance views of scenic or prominent landscapes and/or corridors from specific locations and coastal aesthetics. 5.c Develop a process for reviewing and revising guidelines for designating Natural Beauty Sites. 5.d Establish a Scenic Resources Protection Program to identify, inventory, and protect areas of significant beauty. The program could include recommendations from the Scenic Resources Inventory and Mapping Project(2016). 2.0 Collaborative Biocultural Stewardship County of Hawai'i General Plan 48 Climate Adaptation Opportunities Table 15 p By leveraging the following opportunities, Hawaii County can build resilience against the impacts of climate change, protect its natural resources, and enjre the well-being of its residents. Water Resources Protecting and r watersheds will improve water quality and availability. Management • Promoting( no Water strategy can create cross-agency collaboration to identify and address overlapping challenges in tin 'o sea level rise and building more resiliency into infrastructure across water, wastewater and stormwater sectors _-- —- -- - - -- -Agriculture& • Encouraging the cultivation of climate-resilient and diversified crops to enhance food security. Food Security • Promoting agroforestry practices in agricultural areas can improve soil health and crop resilience. • Regenerative agriculture practices can reduce dependency on externa}inputs and improve soil health. Infrastructure& • Retrofitting or relocating bridges and roads provides an opportunity to reduce GHG emissions by reducing Urban Planning miles traveled. • Retrofitting can be accomplished within existing maintenance schedules of County facilities for increased resilience. • Reducing the risks of flooding, landslides,and fire reduces the cost and GHG emissions associated with the reconstruction of infrastructure and need for alternative routes, which increase emissions during road and bridge outages. • Increasing access to multimodal transportation options can help reduce VMT. • Proactive maintenance of parks and recreational areas can continue to provide equitable access to resources in the face of changing landscapes. • Limiting new development in fire a areas would reduce economic loss to landowners and businesses. • Fire risk reduction around communities potentially limits fire spreading into upland areas, reducing fire- ,t, driven forest loss. • 1 � o n • Build and upgrade infrastructure to withstand increased flooding and sea level rise_ I�A^V� • Incorporate green infrastructure solutions such as permeable pavements and urban green spaces to manage stormwater and reduce the urban heat island effect. �� �J y • Implement zoning and land use planning policies that•eo i��climate risks and promote sustainable t� 6(A-A-4- development. Social Equity • Engage communities in planning and decision-making processes to ensure that adaptation measures are socially inclusive and culturally appropriate. • Increas ng equitable resilience to climate hazards will benefit historically marginalized and frontline -c Mies and those that are vulnerable to climate change impacts. Energy& • Investin renewable energy sources to reduce GHG emissions and increase energy resilience. Transportation • P =' • -.-nergy efficiency in buildings and transportation to reduce overall energy consumption. • n an -'public transit systems and infrastructure for active transportation to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and improve air quality. Biodiversity& • Managed retreat strategies and new shoreline setback regulations would expand open space along the Ecosystems shoreline to support coastal ecosystems such as anchialine pools. ? 7 7r ��i � ?A-r- • • Supporting conservation programs can help protect native species and habitats from climate change impacts. • Strengthening measures to control and eradicate invasive species can help protect local ecosystems. • Enhance habitat connectivity to allow species to migrate in response to changing environmental conditions. Education& • Build capacity for local government agencies by providing training and resources that improve their ability Capacity to plan and implement climate adaptation initiatives Building • Collaborate and coordinate with the County's Office of Sustainability, Climate, Equity, and Resilience (OSCER). • Support research and monitoring efforts to better understand climate impacts and the effectiveness of • Develop adaptation measures. Develop and implement educational programs to raise awareness about climate change and adaptation i1Jr 'l'3s strategies. 3.0 Addressing Climate Change for Island-Wide Health I County of Hawaii General Plan 67 3 .2 Climate Change Goal, Objectives, Policies, and Actions Ensure a just transition to a climate resilient island by addressing the causes and impacts of climate change through incorporating equitable climate mitigation and adaptation priorities into policies, programs, infrastructure, and decision- making. Objective 6 Ensure that climate actions are equitable and uplift marginalized and disadvantaged communities. Policies ',,,rtsjik 6.1 Prioritize and support community-based organizations, businesses, and programs through County purchasing and procurement policies. 6.2 Prioritize and support Low- and Moderate-Income (LMI) communities through tax incentives, grants, and financial support provided to community members, organizations, and other related groups. „ya,ak t kr ,,v ,,A#4- 6.3 Prioritiz rojectsjin communities that experience disproportionate impacts of climate change. 6.4 Consider financial and time barriers, geographic constraints, and language accessibility when conducting community outreach. 6.5 Improve the communication of climate risks and opportunities for adaptation efforts. 6.6 Support communities to become fire-adapted as they prepare for climate change. 6.7 Expand urban forestry benefits to disadvantaged communities. 6.8 Support social science research and applications to help address environmental justice and , intergenerational equity. 1.9 Integrate Native Hawaiian traditional knowledge and practices in planning for the impacts of c______ climate change. Actions 6.a Increase transparency of government actions by creating a climate change dashboard and portal 0 to track the implementation of climate action. 6.b Engage communities by incorporating place-based knowledge and qualitative data to guide implementation priorities and decision-making. 3.0 Addressing Climate Change for Island-Wide Health I County of Hawaii General Plan 68 6.c Promote funding opportunities for LMI communities to implement climate action, including interactive videos and workshops that meet communities where they are. i; ,,_ -fe..., 1 , • .^ ��-7`�4 7 Objective 7 5 Yi Reduce the County's carbon footprint to net zero emissions by 2045. • Achieve a 100 percent renewable-powered County fleet by 2035. ,.u. /►r..c4-4 • Support the statewide effort to achieve 100 percent renewable ground transportation and 100 percent renewable energy by 2045. --Ci,, Policies 7.1 Incentivize efficiencies that integrate affordable housing and carbon neutrality. 7.2 Require energy-efficient designs in all new County facilities and upgrade existing facilities with .0f energy-efficient systems. r3yOrt. 1 7.3 er ort building code updates that incentivize energy-efficient designs and climate-neutral ''l . building methods and materials. 7.4 Encourage and incentivize the use of technologies, techniques, and materials in building design, ----.— construction, andremoval that minimize the ecological footprint over the life cyclecle of the structure. `.)-.)// 7.5 Encourage and incentivize large developments to meet energy sustainability certification �C sparr a 7.6 ve fo energy sustainability certification for new County buildings or when renovating existing buildings for County use. 7.7 Prioritize energy-efficient designs, energy-efficient systems, and waste reduction and/or reuse at County facilities. 7.8 Evaluate Capital Improvement Projects for energy efficiency and carbon reduction, including the cost savings related to improved design. 'C`Nl.",- `i 7.9 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to develop comprehensive and coordinated strategies promoting energy and water conservation to strive for climate resilience. 7.10 When evaluating public investments, including acquisition, siting, and design, consider the potential of natural areas for carbon sequestration and provide climate adaptation and mitigation opportunities. 7.1 1 Integrate and incentivize urban forestry into all scales of planning where feasible and compatible with infrastructure. L .A '� drn.62,.., - 7.12 Develop carbon-emission standards and an incentive program aimed at achieving County carbon emission goals. --t-1-...1-,-- u- - 7.13 All County facilities shall report energy usage annually. . ;.74-A'}- 7.14 Program the upgrading of the County vehicle fleet and equipment to net zero emissions. %-,-(. 1.6'-' 7.15 The Mass Transit Agency shall operate a net zero emissions fleet by 2035. 3.0 Addressing Climate Change for Island-Wide Health I County of Hawaii General Plan 69 7.16 Prioritize the installation of electric vehicle chargers at community facilities, for both County vehicles and public parking. 7.17 All new County vehicle purchases, including average mpg, emissions equivalent per gallon of fuel (or kWh), and estimated annual operation and maintenance costs shall be reported annually. 7.18 Prioritize the accommodation of active transportation options as part of the planning and design of all roadway improvements to encourage non-motorized forms of transit. Actions 7.a Develop and provide incentives for new development/redevelopment to pursue certification for "green" site planning, construction, and post-construction practices. 7.b Adopt policies and strategies across all County departments to reduce GHGs and become more resilient to the impacts of climate change. ��� t �-y w-f.u-�-+_7, c*- - ye%/cZ^"clotG^^.- 1 -S' 7.c Develop a County purchasing policy to prioritize roducts ith low emissions over their lifecycle•r and resiliency to the impacts of climate change. tw„}..) �� t 7.d Develop and implement incentives for energy-efficient or green design standards. 7.e Prioritize urban tree inventories for primary urban areas such as Downtown Hilo, Waimea, and Kailua-Kona. ,ot 7.f Develop procedures to include street trees as part of public capital improvement projects. 7.g Develop energy benchmarking standards for County buildings. 7.h Develop and implement an electric vehicle charging plan with a station network map that identifies regional gaps in service. \,,,..oAAr_ ko-a , \,- - �'t 'tr 7.i Create a fleet transformation plan for each County department. ` LAr 6\41. `' A_ ? 7.j Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to increase community-wide awareness and accessibility regarding reducing transportation costs and emissions (e.g., the impact of keeping tires inflated on the efficiency of cars) through education awareness programs. 7.k Develop and implement a streamlined framework to report annual energy use of all County facilities and all new County vehicle purchases. Objective 8 Improve the identification of climate change threats, assessment of potential consequences, and evaluation of adaptation options. Policies Climate change threats 8.1 Use accurate and up-to-date, peer-reviewed scientific predictions and observations related to climate change impacts to guide adaptation policy and land use decisions. i .- tc_ 8.2 Support local and regional climate change modeling and monitoring programs. jkU" &1-"'"4"4' '� R1 f/M+�-K'ztM W�l l r4 -,s11 Y�1 3.0 Addressing Climate Change for Island-Wide Health I County of Hawaii General Plan 70 ,v. caw 8.3 Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to monitor impacts that may be specific to Hawai'i County due to its unique exposure to climate change and sea level rise impacts. 8.4 Improve assessments of climate change threats and potential consequences to determine specific geographic areas impacted and projected financial cost. ? 1{ Assessment of consequences 8.5 Climate change adaptation strategies shall be considered in County budgetary, land use, and other decision-making processes. 8.6 Implement sea level rise planning and policies for public infrastructure projects and other projects with a low tolerance for risk. ("-tkA`k. , t r-.c (n OA{�✓�n� 8.7 Prioritize the preservation and restoration of natural landscape features, such as reefs, beaches '7� and dunes, forests, rangelands, streams, floodplains, wetlands, and aquifer recharge areas that .\ "� have the inherent capacity to prevent, minimize, or mitigate the impacts of climate change. Evaluation of adaptation 8.8 Develop adaptation strategies (e.g., protection, accommodation, managed retreat, and preservation) for capital improvements to ensure that the project's useful life and service expectations can be met in the face of projected climate change impacts. 8.9 Design and maintain infrastructure, including roads, buildings, and stream crossings, to accommodate increases in flooding and geologic hazards such as landslides. 8.10 Partner with communities to develop adaptation strategies (e.g., protection, accommodation, managed retreat, and preservation) for vulnerable areas including conducting vulnerability assessments and assessing land use and land availability. 8.11 Partner with government (e.g., State Office of Planning and Sustainable Development [OPSD]), private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to analyze conservation buffers to accommodate shifting native habitats impacted by climate change, particularly wetlands and high-elevation forests. 8.12 County departments show integrate economic development, equity, and sustainability outcomes into their annualgoafs and reports to the Mayor. Actions 8.a Conduct detailed vulnerability mapping of existing and planned infrastructure. 8.b Support and partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders on research for adaptive policies and technology that increase resilience. vr (Lc � 8.c Incorporate appropriate green building or climate-resilient specifications into competitive bids. 8.d Adopt a land acquisition program with potential leaseback options for the purchase of hazard- prone locations or those with beneficial attributes for climate adaptation and mitigation. - vwrp(-e • 8.e Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to implement environmentally beneficial upgrades for wastewater, irrigation, and/or landscaping, including sea level rise, storm, and other climate change considerations. r - n 3.0 Addressing Climate Change for Island-Wide Health I County of Hawaii General Plan 71 Table 18: Land Use Opportunities Infrastructure • County departments are encouraged to develop a 5,2lialaQrtive infrastructure capaciIan with prioritization of projects in their respective functional plans and based on desired growth areas anprefd erred density as identified by the General Plan. • Coordinate with the Department of Health (DOH) to address unique land use situations on the island related to individual wastewater systems(IWS)and prioritization of resources. • Increase housing density by utilizing additional dwelling units(ADU)in existing residential districts served by adequate utilities. " • Facilitate innovative public and private partnerships in infrastructure investment for targeted growth areas. 6,\4"...\p / i1 County departments can provide greater flexibility in privately owned and maintained infrastructure concurrency requirements. Regulations • Remove barriers to residential development in the appropriate districts to reduce development timelines, increase housing stock availability,and increase affordability. • Review and update the Building and Zoning Codes to allow for more flexibility. • Collaborate across State and County agencies to facilitate efficient and effective land use processes. • Advocate allowing for County-initiated State Land Use Commission District Boundary Amendments to meet the preferred land use patterns consistent with the General Plan Land Use Maps. • Program the initiation of rezoning in targeted growth areas. • Support and streamline the process of infill development. • The most direct role the County plays in economic development is through land use regulation (e.g., permitting efficiency,transparency,predictability,and certainty)and property tax policy. • Invest in the provision of strategic infrastructure including roads,water,and/or wastewater improvements to encourage higher density development in UGAs, -- Work with the State Historic Preservation Division(SHPD)to determine when there is a need to review a project related to the identification of cultural sites and practices. © Work with SHPD to create standards related to the assessment of a project's effects on cultural sites and practices. • Establish a framework for cultural impact assessments including recognizing findings and recommendations of prior cultural impact assessments within the same ahupua'a for new projects. Funding& /-a Partner with the State and other counties to create a capacity-building plan for County departments, local developers, Financings , & and community stakeholders. • Leverage different financing mechanisms to support development and redevelopment,including Business/Community Improvement Districts,Tax Increment Financing,Community Facilities Districts,and Opportunity Zones • Seek and pursue additional mix of funding opportunities and tax incentives for(re)development, Market • Diversify economic drivers by exploring and growing the county's range of sectors and markets. Conditions g Utilize creative solutions and partnerships to encourage,support,and prioritize infill development before expanding to V greenfield areas. — ltitr'--' / Ck +f•-• 62 AS ‘41A4 1 p�9 • Make vacant and underutilized government-owned lands available for affordable housing or other(re)development, especially in or adjacent to urbanized areas with adequate or expandable infrastructure. • Seek to acquire land for affordable housing developments and other redevelopment opportunities, Land Use • Elimina un ermitted non-conforming uses and develop proper land use patterns to ensure urban areas are used r. Compatibility accordingly. efi 7 Wit 196 Gft Dv� • Strategically use zoning to ensure proximate compatible and complementary uses that improve the vitality of urban areas 0 Regularly evaluate supply and demand to prioritize needed land use challenges. • ?Demonstrate smart growth development. Public • Encourage affordable housing projects to meet the Engagement needs of neighborhoods(YIMBY). 0 • Apply strategies to engage community and stakeholders that go beyond legal notice fir,,�r tl{r.;l lric�a 5.1}'-,==it„i��,.t'r , i'-V�c•mn,.ni1'' , requirements. .,C, :;r�6t,�r a I s.�. �:rl�,r�t;hl..�.,,-„ �� I•,. It�:S^7 • Reinforce the alignment between community values and the General Plan and Community Development Plans. 4.1 Land Use I County of Hawaii General Plan 78 i ___ 4.1 .2 Land Use Goal, Objectives, Policies, and Actions We strategically apply progressive land use strategies incorporating indigenous and contemporary knowledge and place-based practices to direct and manage growth for the health and safety of our communities. Objective 9 Maintain community character and land use compatibility. Policies 9.1 The development of commercial facilities should be designed to reflect the character of the community while providing desired services and mitigating impacts on the surrounding environment. 9.2 In those cases where provisions of the zonin. • subdivision code are inconsistent with the character of surrounding neighborhoodsolllan or Planned Unit Developments (PUD) that maintain consistent village/town character should be encouraged. 9.3 Zoning, subdivision, and other applicable ordinances shall provide for and protect open space areas. ixscv -•f''t- KJ r-6.--.1-34,1 C( t)L-W,., Ca, 9.4 Support mechanisms, such as PUD and Cluster Plan Development(CPD),that group parcel density to reserve openspace, recreational areas, or scenic viewsheds. ('Moi �`'�"� "` "'� 6'tPpCSc„A,:L. -6.12- 9.5 6 9.5 Discretionary permit applications for uses that may impact view planes to and along the coastline, and areas of natural beauty should take into consideration visual impact assessments and propose conditions to mitigate scenic impacts where appropriate. L Code- 9.6 In the review of discretionary permits, consider land use compatibility to ensure proximate compatible and complementary uses and appropriate mitigation measures. Encoura-gdevelopers of new urban areas to place utilities underground. , u 9.8 Route selection for high-voltage transmission lines should include consideration for setbacks from major thoroughfares and residential areas. Where feasible, delineate energy corridors for such high-voltage transmission lines. �{�-' 5 tS �- �`J' S -'-� „ Actions 9.a Develop a process for County-initiated State land use boundary reclassification to best align State Land Use with County long-range plans. 9.b Create village plans for unique urban areas that include considerations for urban design, aesthetic quality, and the protection of amenities in adjacent areas through landscaping, open space, and buffer areas. 4.1 Land Use I County of Hawaii General Plan 79 I 9.c Develop subdivision standards that make a distinction between agricultural, rural, and urban land uses. e.(kbev-Aikt, 9.d Define the types of open space that are sought to be protected and establish standards to be applied to ensure its protection. e.t,.66,1 . , ,jf t' G "+-- C4&3 �'v ,-IA - 11✓ CA rN tiE- r2 '1 U D 16`( i 45.42 9 w t` !P.e Conduct a review and re-evaluation of the real property tax structure to simplify and assure compatibility with land use goals and policies. L-vim.)1�� LA-0,27)OW Ulr 9.f Study the feasibility, issues, and opportunities related to the development of a TDR program to strategically preserve open space and achieve density to remain consistent with the land use pattern in accordance with the General Plan Land Use Maps. Ulna c"-t' '"'" ('n"i v‘...2-4-t- )- Objective 10 Increase the integration of natural systems planning. Policies 10.1 Protect and enhance Hawai'i's beaches, shoreline, open spaces, and scenic resources. AZ1--4 10.2 During discretionary permit applications, the Planning Director may equine a pedestrian, equestrian, and/or bicycle path when it is possible and safe to connect to existing or future open space, drainage, or active living corridors. G� ,. " .-,..- ; doss,' 10.3 Proposed discretionary permits forrge development projec 00+ units) in the North Kohala, South Kohala, North Kona, South Kona, and Ka'u Districts should be designed to be as water neutral as reasonably possible through water conservation, recharge, and reuse measures to reduce the water footprint. Stiff 10.4 Identify�tstandinq natural or cultural features, such as water courses, fine groves of trees, heiau, and historical sitesand structures on subdivision preliminary plat maps. v.,-'4- ,5 rr -e.e t S JpLAC -)21C-4--4'n1) •-•(-'a LA.Lbr� 0 Actions `k Qti - 10.a Amend the Zoning Code to create a category for lands that should mostly be kept in a natural state, but that may not be in the Conservation District, such as certain important view planes, buffer areas, and very steep slopes. The zoning category should include reasonable land uses. ' im 10.b Amend the Zoning Code and Subdivision Code to allow CPDs to be applied to all zoning districts with appropriate building site standards. 10.c Collaborate with the State Office of Planning and Sustainable Development (OPSD) to create criteria to help identify and protect Native Hawaiian customary and traditional practices. Objective 11 . .''• Increase equitable planning and decision-making processes. Policies 11.1 Ensure there is necessary and adequate on-site infrastructure for development projects-�may J include but not limited to water, wastewater, and multimodal infrastructure. Jam` 4.1 Land Use I County of Hawaii General Plan 80 I 1 _ Ensure affordable housing requirements that meet the demand created by the development. The County may 'moose incremental and conditional zoning based on performance conditions .)4.)./.;, that focus on addressing the impacts of the proposed development. Yr111.4 Concurrency reviews should incorporate reduction in vehicle miles traveled to mitigate traffic ' impacts and achieve sustainability and demand management goals. Actions 11.a Collaborate with the SHPD to create clear guidance to be used when reviewing a project related to the identification of cultural sites and practices. 11.b Implement efficiencies to make development decisions predictable, fair, and cost-effective. 11.c Evaluate concurrency requirements that would impose reasonable and fair infrastructure concurrency requirements on all developments. 11.d Amend the Zoning Code to allow for PUD to become administrative permits and subject to the approval of the Planning Director. .E:---6 ,24 pkit.A..4..`*1-A,-5 11.e Provide flexibility within the Zoning Code to accommodate emerging new industries through Use Permits or allow new uses that do not conflict with the purpose and intent of the existing zoned district. h,� d-. In.._ 4�'1-4A-4-€4^A-- 64...4' /1'y`.."`G d'e k - - Z-G t 11.f Update traffic impact analysis requirements to include alternative evaluations to the level of service outcomes, such as vehicle miles traveled and alternative transportation metrics. Objective 12 t .c .t-; v i - I \'s top , t - " hen Reduce the threat to life and property from natural hazards and disasters. pc . Policies 12.1 Enact additional land use and building structure regulations in areas vulnerable to severe damage due to the impact of waves or inundation. 5 LP C11-1 12.2 Review land use policy as it relates to floodplains, high surf, and tsunami hazard areas. 7 12.3 Consider natural hazards in all land use planning and permitting. ( ,itl�" 12.4 Discoura intensive residential development in areas of high volcanic hazard. 12.5 Discourage public investment/infrastructure that supports increases in density in high-risk hazard �t ``) areas , while allowing such investment to support existing residents and facilities. A.P (y" 12.6 Reduce development intensity in identified high-risk hazard areas. 12.7 Incorporate hazard mitigation strategies into policies and planning decisions using the most conservative models in delineating hazard areas. 12.8 Encourage the development and implementation of Community Wildfire Protection Plans, Firewise Community Certification, and public education programs for communities with high wildfire risk. 12.9 Encourage the use of natural features such as sand dunes, xeriscape, or native plants to provide buffers from hazards. 4.1 Land Use I County of Hawaii General Plan 81 12.10 Traditional ecological knowledge and methodologies should be considered to mitigate, adapt, an. estore areas prone to natural hazards and disasters. Q, l 12.11 = multimodal trails for firebreaks and possibly emergency evacuation routes where feasible. 12.12 Power distribution should be placed underground when and wherepracticaL Actions �,. , ct-o4.0 '( „,,cQA. kt,Je., g am✓ 12.a Update the Building Code to maintain cost-effective standards to resist hazards and reduce carbon footprint. 12.b Adopt natural hazard overlay zones and set appropriate conditions for land use, siting, and design within high-risk hazard zones. 12.c Amend the Zoning Code to establish building setbacks for coastal and inland cliffs. 12.d Collaborate with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)to regularly update flood studies and refine flood zone designations. 12.e Review and amend land use policies to reduce risk from hazards including but not limited to floodplains, high surf,tsunami, landslides, erosion, wildfires, and high-risk volcanic hazard areas. 12.f Study the feasibility, issues, and opportunities of a TDR program to incentivize development away from high-risk hazard areas. 12.g Amend the Zoning Code to include a science-based shoreline setback to address climate change and sea level rise. 4.1 land Use I County of Hawai'i General Plan 82 44.f Partner with business associations, realtors, and the chamber of commerce to recruit small-scale manufacturers to establish retail locations in village and town centers to support reinvestment and match potential tenants with local landowners. 44.g Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders (e.g., University of Hawaii, business associations,etc.)to convene business development events island-wide. Objective 45 Incorporate resiliency, diversity, and innovation in County programs, plans, and research to support healthy economic development and revitalization. Policies 45.1 Increase County resources and actions devoted to strategic planning, interagency coordination, training and expertise, and capital improvements. 45.2 The Capital Improvements Program (CIP) shall improve and increase the capacity of existing ,, and future commercial and industrial areas. j[�� ,L45.3 __IVIeitain.__Maintain. a program for updating the zoning code to accommodate emerging industries and 9.-' technologies consistent with other goals, objectives, and policies of the General Plan. 45.4 Support lease terms and extensions on State and Department of Hawaiian Home Lands(DHHL) ,.M7 lands that provide opportunities to improve or rehabilitate existing commercial and industrial Yt zoned areas. �` `� tch`,c Cccf- v,cs�-f� 45.5 Encourage land uses that allow for small-scale manuf ct rrers in retail establishments that enhance and are balanced with the County's natural, cultural, and social environments. 04.i 45.6 Maintain lans and programs to foster sustainable business development opportunities ocusing on regenerative agriculture, green technologies and building, innovation and technology, creative industries, and regenerative tourism. 45.7 Improve opportunities for multimodal transit that improve the quality of access to existing job centers. 45.8 Provide technological infrastructure that increases the competitiveness of businesses and allows them to thrive in all parts of the island. 45.9 Expand opport;unities for in.qovation and tech-based businesses. lace• C-041.3 t 7 45.10 Promote a dis'inc,-tiive�b�rranrd for the island of Hawaii including distinctive, regional identities as an entity unique within the State of Hawai`i. 9� 1 A A-C4o0-�,..44.-t.«t • 45.11 Encourage the development of economic opportunities through the utilization of by-products from various industries. 45.12 Continue to encourage the research, development, and implementation of advanced technologies and processes. 45.13 Promote Hawaii Island as a center for natural scientific research. 5.0 Thriving, Diverse, and Regenerative Economy I County of Hawaii General Plan 199 45.14 County departments should integrate economic development, equity, and sustainability outcomes into their annual goals and reports to the Mayor. Actions 45.a Collaborate with emerging industry leaders to identify needed infrastructure and services to support economic diversification. 45.b Monitor trends and identify business needs, strengthen existing industries, and diversify the economy by attracting emerging industries. j/..trl-.- ? W'Lo 45.c Collaborate with the private sector to identify business needs, strengthen existing industries, and diversify the economy by attracting new endeavors. 45.d Remove regulatory barriers that restrict entrepreneurial endeavors, such as zoning restrictions for home-based businesses that do not negatively impact the infrastructure network or the character of the neighborhood. + 10V' (L.. 1(j ,.(r .qi 45.e Build capacity for implementation and economic developmentUhin the target industry clusters identified by the Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy(CEDS). 2 45.f Promote cross-sector linkages between Hawaii Island's anc or an opportunity industries to grow the market for local products and services. ,�C 45.g Expand the research and development for energy and technology industries. " 45.h Assist in the expansion of emerging industries through the development of marketin plans \ and programs. I� 3 `1��v-'f ot, Q�GtV��...� v (t �, � ? �— ��`IJ 45.1 Develop a mark4E strategy that includes houeng, a skilled workforce, quality of life, and a healthy regulatory environment to attract emerging industries. 45.j Assist in the development of a film and creative industries program to market Hawaii Island sites and coordinate activities. 56L.. S,s kJ-C. 45.k j C- 45.k Partner with government (e.g., DOT, DBEDT, etc.), private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to monitor export capacity for Hawai'i Island. urt.• rte3 45.1 Partner with government, privand nonprofit agencies siness associations, realtors, chambers of commerce, etc.), communities, and other stakeholders to streamline regulatory processes and create incentives for@rban renewal rehabilitation, and/or redevelopment �,p/�� programs in collaboration with communities, busines s, and government agencies. \.` . . v-�' c,-,r7- \f‘ 45.m Program regular collaboration with the University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hawai'i Community College, the Natural Energy Laboratory at Hawaii Authority (NELHA), and other agencies to expand the research and development industry for sustainable and equitable economic development. 45.n Increase grant writing capacity and management and pursue grant funding to supplement County critical needs. 5.0 Thriving, Diverse, and Regenerative Economy I County of Hawaii General Plan 200 1 5.3 Agriculture and Food Systems As the General Plan envisions a prosperous Over the years, several key trends have emerged future for Hawaii Island, the economic section in our agricultural landscape, reflecting the sheds light on the pivotal role of agriculture and evolving needs of the local economy. First, there our local food system. Agriculture holds a special is a growing emphasis on sustainable and place in Hawai'i's history and continues to regenerative practices. Farmers, ranchers, and represent a vital economic sector of Hawai'i food producers recognize the importance and Island. The agriculture sector encompasses the necessity of preserving the island's delicate growing of crops, raising livestock, aquaculture, ecosystems while maintaining productivity. pc ,,,, and forestr These businesses and organizations Furthermore, Hawai'i Island has witnessed a ependent upon good management of resurgence of small-scale farming and diversified V the natural resources on which they depend, not agricultural enterprises. As consumers to only for their benefit as agricultural enterprises increasingly prioritize local, organic, and but more importantly for the long-term health culturally significant food options, a network of and future productivity of these resources for the farmers' markets, farm-to-table initiatives, and benefit of both the broader community and community-supported agriculture programs future generations who continue to be the oo s have flourished. This trend promotes food on the ground stewarding these precious sovereignty, strengthens local supply chains, and resources. buik ` 0. •4-)�f /'fosters a connection between producers and A sustainable local food system is fueled by consumers. U CG�-`n strong investments in the agricultural sector and In recent years, the island's food systems have ongoing partnerships among farmers, ranchers, also experienced a renaissance driven by processors, retailers, communities, government, agricultural tourism and the burgeoning farm-to= and non-government organizations. This section fork movement. Visitors and residents alike seek is centered on supporting the regenerative immersiveexperiences that celebrate the island's agricultural sector to sustain local food systems rich agricultural and paniolo heritage. From farm that enhance the environmental, economic, and and ranch tours and agritourism ventures to social health of the island. farm-to-table restaurants and food festivals, Hawai'i Island's food systems have attracted " 4 ; - those seeking authentic and sustainable • M ; ) experiences. • It .- , ' ,1 Qj As the General Plan charts the Qconnic course `w for the future, it recognizes the immense 9. )11iik 44 potential of agriculture and food systems on . r Hawaii Island. The Plan seeks to bolster and " . 4 diversify agricultural businesses, encourage .44 it . innovation and technology adoption, support value-added processing, and promote market • °n _. access for local producers. By fostering 4 ;` collaboration among stakeholders, investing in infrastructure, and embracing regenerative practices,the Plan envisions a vibrant agricultural a sector that sustains livelihoods, strengthens the IN, . - n 5.0 Thriving, Diverse, and Regenerative Economy I County of Hawaii General Plan 201 I local economy, enhances the flow of ecosystem is Kava (Awa), a medicinal plant that has the services from our working lands, and preserves potential to be a viable cash crop. Locally, small the unique heritage of the island. growers as well as a few large growers are producing Kava. Vanilla beans, cacao, Local Production and Consumption nutraceuticals, hardwood forestry products, and Since 2015, agriculture on the island has faced medicinal plants are other types of high-value numerous challenges, including a volcanic cropsthat hold much promise for growth. Hawai'i eruption in the Puna district, flooding and Island holds most of the State's acreage in . emdamage from Hurricane Lane in 2018, and the commercial forestry (20,921 acres) and pasture �` discovery of coffee leaf rust in October 2020. (552,091), , U These incidents, along with ongoing issues r impacting pastures and cropland, such as invasive pests, all contribute to the hardships ----- `' -experienced by ranchers and farmers. Despite ; suchtria Hawaii Island continues to be the • .7 State's rimary producer for a variety ofo i +4r important crops, including coffee, flowers, . foliage, landscape, cattle, macadamia nuts, papaya, and tropical fruit. These commodities and others have growth potential.There are new . high-value crops that have the potential to be successfully cultivated. One such high-value crop Figure 8 Summary of Hawaii Island Agricultural Footprint and Changes Between 2015 and 2020' Acreage r Change(2015 to 2020) Cra. Ty.e 2015 auto MIMS. % AquiLt,itur', 165 152 3 1 63 EMI Commercial Forestry 21,061 20,921 140 -1 Dal IIKIEIIIIIIEIIEI rl isieziositi Diversified Cron 3266 4,343 1077 33 Flowers ,Foil,; /Landsca.e IIIMMEII -5 Macadamia Nuts 21,359 21,405 46 0 Sugarcane 14 14 N/A Tropical Fruits . , MIMINIEBBEIll 1.67 MIMI Crop Total 61,150 62,460 ' 1310 EMI Total 615,474 614,551 I -923 0 6 2020 Update to the Hawaii Statewide Agricultural Lard Use Baseline,UHH https://hdoa.hawaii.govlsalubreoorts! 5.0 Thriving, Diverse, and Regenerative Economy I County of Hawaii General Plan 202 1 I 46.12 Increase public-private partnerships to develop and support community-based food systems. 46.13 Support the development of agricultural worker housing. Fn,.J 1 v c/ 1 :c Actions v►-- S J9 ( Oji � . r7 46.a Advocate for the State legislature to amend the Hawaii Revised Statutes to include green waste, composting, and fertilizer yards for commercial use as permitted uses on agriculturally zoned land. 46.b Advocate for the State DOH to streamline the composting permitting process. 46.c Support the use of USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service assistance. 46.d Advocate for the State to incentivize local food production through expanded tax credits. 46.e Support training and capacity building related to the requirements of the Food Safety Modernization Act. 46.f Invest in a crop suitability tool, including existing and projected water demand. . 46.g Develop a food self-sufficiency strategy, including community-based food system assessments . and monitoring local food production and consumption. 46.h Develop and implement an emergency food plan that could be deployed in the event of a natural or economic disaster. (I:Art.1 t `7 46.i Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders for carrying capacity studies of fisheries and the establishment of State community-based subsistence fishing areas. 46.j Coordinate with the University of Hawai`i at Manoa College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources to expand the farm food safety education program. 46.k Support the State Department of Agriculture programs for the prevention, early detection, rapid response, and control of harmful invasive species from becoming established and impacting commercial agriculture. 46.1 Support State Department of Education Farm to School programs and other programs designed to provide locally produced food to schools. 46.m Adopt procedures to allow forthe development of community gardens and edible landscaping on public lands (e.g., through Friends of the Park agreements). Cu."..J4 lL `t2 00-,) •:f/ 2-1C4 46.n Provide services and frameworks to support the formation of new commodity groups and other organizations, such as farmer cooperatives. 71 46.o Amend the de to expand the designated list of parks authorized to allow farmers' market permits to include parks in rural areas that lack appropriate commercial-zoned lands for farmers' markets. 46.p Support and advocate for streamlined long-term leases for agricultural parks. 46.q Continue to evaluate and update the County's tax reduction programs to ensure that tax incentives for agricultural land use result in actual public benefits and promote local agricultural production where possible. 46.r Create a real property tax exemption for farmers entitled to federal crop loss insurance. 5.0 Thriving, Diverse, and Regenerative Economy 1 County of Hawaii General Plan 206 Objective 47 Increase interagency coordination, programs, and policy initiatives that improve local agriculture infrastructure. Policies /� 41--tc...�q---, .1/ ' ,u pi;c it the creation of water cooperatives supported ith financial sources, such as community facilities districts (CFD). Cooperative users should be responsible for the `r development, maintenance, and repair of agricultural non-potable water systems. — `r t% a-- y- �S �. 47.2„, Where the County has replaced surface water sources with groundwater sources to meet�afe !,U/�//y' 11L Is/Yr( Drinking Water standards, the County should consider repurposing the surface water sources for agricultural use where the allocation is supportive of the ecosystem. 47.3 Advocate for more flexible and innovative wastewater systems to serve agriculture facilities. 47.4 Support the adaptive reuse or rehabilitation of existing infrastructure or buildings for Irl agricultural processing, including but not limited to the development of commercial kitchens, 1 processing, storage, or distribution facilities. 47.5 Promote the development of a locally grown building material industry through streamlined permitting or building code flexibility. i 47.6 Support research and development that promotes local produce while removing interstate marketing restrictions. 47.7 Encourage the use and optimization of the export capacity of airports and harbors for local goods. 47.8/ Support research and development of viable biofuel projects that will supply renewable transportation fuels or power for Fiawai`i Island in ways that are community-supported, sustainable, ecologically sound, and complementary to food production. 47.9 Support the continued operation of the USDA Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center facility. 47.10 Support the development of processing and manufacturing facilities. Actions 47.a Map existing and proposed agricultural infrastructure and facilities. 47,b Expand programs and optima to allow for agricultural irrigation water. 47.c Develop criteria to determine appropriate places for agricultural parks, including the availability of potable water. 9. 47.d Account for verified agricultural water usage in the County Water Use Development Plan. ' 47.e Support the expansion of State agricultural water systems in productive agricultural areas 1 47.f Investigate the restoration of ditch systems to meet future agricultural needs. 1 47.g Amend bulk regulations including building materials for agricultural facilities and infrastructure. 5.0 Thriving, Diverse, and Regenerative Economy I County of Hawaii General Plan 207 I47.h Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to study the feasibility of building code amendments and structural integrity testing for locally produced building materials, prioritizing non-native plant species. 47.i Evaluate grubbing and grading ordinances as they pertain to agriculture including the creation of exemption categories for water storage and aquaculture. 47.j Seek State legislation or rulemaking to allow local agricultural producers to make direct sales to consumers fa't County-designated farmers' markets at a lower general excise tax rate. 47.k Evaluate the-68dAnd statutory amendments to allow farmworker housing to be developed without requiring the housing be sited on the same parcel (i.e., TMK) of the working subject farm. ` - 47.1 Amend the Code to remove barriers to allow for off-site directional signage to promote local farms engaged in direct sales and other permitted visitor-related businesses while minimizing scenic impacts. 47.m Amend the Code to include provisions for suitable agricultural infrastructure projects financed by County bonds and liens on real property of participating agricultural stakeholders, whether such assessments on TMKs involve contiguous parcels of lands encumbered under an Agricultural Improvement District. 47.n Incentivize and streamline the process to develop agricultural worker housing on- and off-site. 5.0 Thriving, Diverse, and Regenerative Economy ' County of Hawaii General Plan 208