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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2025-01-15 PL-INT-2022-001460 Historic Bridge Draft PA on Minor Bridge Repairs - Request Comments DeVera, Ashley From: Aiu, Pua <Pua.Aiu@hawaii.gov> Sent: Wednesday, January 15, 2025 1:20 PM To: Planning Cultural Resources Commission Cc: Kincaid Ikaika; Barbara Shideler Subject: Hawaii Historic Bridges Programmatic Agreement (HDOT) Attachments: Historic Bridge PA Comment Sheet.csv; HDOT Hawaii Historic Bridges Programmatic Agreement 2025.01.02_combined.pdf Aloha, I'm Pua Aiu, a planner with the Hawaii Department of Transportation. We have been developing a Historic Bridge Programmatic Agreement to use on Minor bridge repairs. We are now in final draft and sending it out for comments before we finalize. We would like an opportunity to present the PA to the council at the February meeting. The latest draft is attached. It includes the PA, a spreadsheet of different types of work covered by the TA and the Tier it would fall into, and a Guidance manual which goes into much more detail about the kind of work covered by the PA. We have also provided a comment sheet and would appreciate if Commission members and staff used the sheet to record their comments. For the Commission meeting we would present a brief power point and entertain questions about the project. Please let me know if you have any questions and contact me to confirm if we can make it on the February agenda. Mahalo, Pua Aiu 808-753-2338 (please leave a message and I will call you back if I don't answer). 1 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 2 AMONG 3 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 4 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 5 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 6 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 7 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 8 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 9 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 10 REGARDING THE 11 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 12 WHEREAS,the Federal Highway Administration(FHWA)Hawai`i Division,under the authority 13 of 23 U.S.C. § 101 et. Seq., implements the Federal-aid Highway Program in Hawai`i; and by 14 funding and approving state and locally sponsored transportation projects that are administered by 15 the Hawai`i Department of Transportation (HDOT) (23 U.S.C. § 315); and 16 WHEREAS, the FHWA Hawai`i Division Administrator is the"Agency Official" responsible for 17 ensuring that the Federal-aid Highway Program (Program) in the State of Hawai`i complies with 18 Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act(NHPA) (codified as amended at 54 U.S.C. 19 § 306108), and codified in its implementing regulations, 36 C.F.R. § 800, as amended (August 5, 20 2004) (and hereinafter referred to as "Section 106"); and 21 WHEREAS,the State of Hawaii,Department of Transportation(HDOT)is a recipient of Federal- 22 aid Highway Program Funds, administers Federal-aid projects throughout the State of Hawai`i as 23 authorized by 23 U.S.C. §302 and §308, and has participated in consultation and is a Signatory to 24 this Agreement; and 25 WHEREAS, the Counties of Kauai, Maui and Hawaii, and the City and County of Honolulu, as 26 Local Public Agencies (LPA) are recipients of Federal-aid Highway Program Funds and 27 implement local transportation projects, and therefore are Signatories to this Agreement; and 28 WHEREAS, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Honolulu District (USACE) receives and 29 considers applications for permits under Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899(Section 30 10) (33 U.S.C. § 403) and Section 404 of the Clean Water Act of 1973 (Section 404) (33 U.S.C. 31 1251 et. Seq.), and has participated in consultation; and 32 WHEREAS, the USACE has determined that projects authorized by Department of the Army 33 permits are undertakings pursuant to Section 106 and may have an effect on historic properties and 34 the Corps will utilize this Agreement for Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program projects subject to its 35 Permits; and 36 WHEREAS, the USACE District Commander is the "Agency Official" and will procced in 37 accordance with the USACE National Historic Preservation Act implementing regulations as the 38 Lead Federal Agency for non-Program funded HDOT or County projects when a permit is 39 required, and therefore is a Signatory to this Agreement; and DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 1 January 2, 2025 40 WHEREAS, the responsibilities of the Hawai`i State Historic Preservation Officer(SHPO)under 41 Section 106 are to advise, assist, review, and consult with Federal agencies as they carry out their 42 historic preservation responsibilities and to respond to Federal agencies' requests within a 43 specified period of time and therefore is a Signatory to this Agreement; and 44 WHEREAS, the FHWA and the USACE have determined that certain types of Hawai`i Historic 45 Bridge Program projects (as defined in Stipulation I below) classified as "undertakings" in 36 46 C.F.R. § 800.16(y), may have an effect upon properties included in or eligible for inclusion in the 47 National Register of Historic Places (NRNP); and 48 WHEREAS, the FHWA and USACE have consulted with the Advisory Council on Historic 49 Preservation(ACHP)pursuant to 36 C.F.R. § 800.14(b)and the ACHP has agreed to be a Signatory 50 to this PA; andWHEREAS, the FHWA and USACE recognize that NHOs may attach religious 51 and cultural significance to historic properties within the State of Hawai`i, and pursuant to 36 52 C.F.R. § 800.2 (c)(2)(ii)(E), have invited NHOs and other organizations with an interest in historic 53 preservation (Attachment 2) to attend public information sessions and consult on this Agreement 54 and have invited them to be Concurring Parties to this agreement; and 55 WHEREAS, pursuant to the consultation conducted under 36 C.F.R. § 800.14(b), the FHWA and 56 USACE, HDOT, the Counties, SHPO, and ACHP in agreement with the Concurring Parties, have 57 developed this Agreement in order to establish an efficient and effective program alternative for 58 taking into account effects of the Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program projects and for affording the 59 ACHP, SHPO and Concurring Parties a reasonable opportunity to comment on undertakings 60 covered by this Agreement; and 61 WHEREAS,HDOT and SHPD would like to streamline by combining federal and state processes 62 wherever possible, the HDOT intends to use the historic properties identification, consultation 63 efforts and documentation as described in this Agreement to comply with HRS Section 6E; and 64 WHEREAS, a Letter of Understanding between the HDOT and SHPO (Attachment 3) states that 65 compliance with this Agreement satisfies HDOT's and the Counties' responsibilities under 66 Hawai`i Revised Statutes (HRS) Chapter 6E; and 67 WHEREAS, the FHWA, USACE,HDOT,the Counties, and SHPO agree that the Historic Bridge 68 List (Attachment 1) is a statewide inventory of currently listed, eligible and potentially eligible 69 historic bridges under 36 C.F.R. § 800.4. The Historic Bridge List is comprised of the 2024 State 70 Historic Bridge Inventory and Evaluation Update which evaluated 323 State and County Bridges, 71 including 100 priority bridges from the 2013 inventory that were re-evaluated and had their 72 integrity assessments updated, and 223 potentially altered or previously unevaluated bridges, 73 including those built between 1969-1975, and any bridges evaluated in the 2013 Hawaii State 74 Historic Bridge Inventory and Evaluation that were not re-evaluated in 2024. These Inventories 75 form the basis of data used to reach consensus on the statewide identification of historic bridges at 76 the time of this Agreement; and 77 NOW, THEREFORE, the FHWA, USACE, HDOT, the Counties, SHPO, and ACHP (hereafter 78 Signatories) agree that Hawai`i Historic Bridge Projects shall be implemented in accordance with DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 2 January 2, 2025 79 the following stipulations in order to take into account the effects of the Program on historic 80 properties in Hawai`i and that these stipulations shall govern compliance of the Program with 81 Section 106 of the NHPA until this Agreement expires or is terminated. 82 To aid the signatories of this Agreement, the stipulations are organized in the following order: 83 I. Purpose, Applicability, and Scope 84 II. Agency Responsibilities for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 85 III. Professional Qualifications Standards 86 IV. Personnel Training 87 V. Historic Bridge Identification Updates and Revisions 88 VI. Application of Tiered Activities 89 VII. Proj ect Review 90 VIII. Emergency Situations 91 IX. Post-Review and Unexpected Effects 92 X. Identification and Treatment of Human Remains 93 XI. Annual Review, Auditing, and Reporting 94 XII. Additional Consulting Parties for Specific Undertakings 95 XIII. Notices 96 XIV. Duration 97 XV. Amendment 98 XVI. Confidentiality 99 XVII. Transition 100 XVIII. Dispute Resolution 101 XIX. Withdrawal and Termination 102 XX. Execution of this Agreement in Counterparts 103 Appendix A- Tiered Activities for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 104 Appendix B -Best Practices Manual 105 Appendix C - Compliance Form 106 Attachment 1 -Historic Bridge List 107 Attachment 2 - Consulting Parties List 108 Attachment 3 -Letter of Understanding between the SHPO and HDOT DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 3 January 2, 2025 109 STIPULATIONS 110 The Signatories shall ensure that the following measures are carried out: 111 I. PURPOSE,APPLICABILITY,AND SCOPE 112 A. This Agreement establishes the basis for review of individual Historic Bridge 113 Projects and sets forth the process by which the FHWA and USACE (Federal 114 Agencies, with the assistance of HDOT and the Counties will meet their respective 115 responsibilities under Section 106 of the NHPA for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge 116 Program. The objective of this Agreement is to make more efficient the methods by 117 which the parties review minor projects and routine undertakings that may affect 118 historic bridges. 119 120 B. This Agreement applies only to historic bridges and structures included on the 121 Historic Bridge List (Attachment 1). Stipulation V sets out conditions for updating 122 the Historic Bridge List with new eligibility findings. 123 C. This Agreement applies only to the Tiered Activities for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge 124 Program ("Tiered Activities Matrix," Appendix A). 125 D. At any time, HDOT or the Counties, in consultation with and/or if requested by the 126 Federal Agencies may choose to conduct the Section 106 review for a Historic Bridge 127 Project by following the procedures in 36 C.F.R. §800 rather than by following the 128 procedures in this Agreement. 129 130 II. AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE HAWAPI HISTORIC BRIDGE 131 PROGRAM 132 A. FHWA Responsibilities 133 Consistent with the requirements of 800.2(a)(1-4), FHWA remains responsible for 134 ensuring that the terms of this Agreement are carried out and for all findings and 135 determinations made pursuant to this Agreement by HDOT under the authority of 136 FHWA. FHWA shall be responsible for resolving disputes and objections pursuant 137 to Stipulation XVIII ("Dispute Resolution") of this Agreement. 138 B. USACE Responsibilities 139 The USACE issues permits for certain regulated activities associated with Historic 140 Bridge No Adverse Effect Projects (Tiered Activities, Appendix A). This Agreement 141 may be used by the USACE when they are the lead Federal agency for Section 106 142 responsibilities. DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 4 January 2, 2025 143 C. SHPO Responsibilities 144 The SHPO reflects the interests of the State and its citizens in the preservation of their 145 heritage. In accordance with 54 U.S.C. § 302303(b), 36 C.F.R. § 800, and this 146 Agreement,the SHPO will advise and assist FHWA and USACE in carrying out their 147 Section 106 responsibilities and cooperate with HDOT in the implementation of this 148 Agreement. 149 D. ACHP Responsibilities 150 1) The ACHP issues the regulations to implement Section 106 and shall provide 151 guidance and advice to the parties to this Agreement. 152 2) The ACHP shall be notified of findings of adverse effect by the applicable lead 153 federal agency and shall be invited to participate in resolving the adverse effect 154 of an undertaking in accordance with 36 CFR 800.6(a)(1). 155 3) The ACHP shall participate, in accordance with Stipulation XVIII ("Dispute 156 Resolution"), in the resolution of disputes that may occur through the 157 implementation of this Agreement. 158 E. HDOT Responsibilities 159 1) With respect to this Agreement, HDOT responsibilities shall be to complete 160 project reviews pursuant to Stipulation VII ("Project Review") resulting in 161 findings of No Adverse Effect or determinations that projects do not qualify as 162 a Tiered Activity covered by this Agreement. Non-qualifying projects shall be 163 subject to the Section 106 Process per 36 C.F.R. § 800.3 to 800.13. 164 165 2) HDOT will initiate and complete project reviews using the procedures in 36 166 C.F.R. §800 for any Program undertakings that will result in findings of 167 Adverse Effect on historic bridges or other types of historic properties not 168 covered by this Agreement. 169 3) HDOT shall oversee and coordinate with the Counties to ensure that the 170 provisions of this Agreement are utilized and implemented by project sponsors. 171 HDOT shall confirm that an undertaking is a Tiered Activity (Appendix A) and 172 shall ensure that project reviews are completed pursuant to Stipulation VII 173 ("Project Review")resulting in findings of No Adverse Effect or determinations 174 that projects do not qualify as Tiered Activities covered by this Agreement. 175 Non-qualifying projects shall be subject to the Section 106 Process per 36 176 C.F.R. §800.3 to 800.13. 177 178 4) HDOT is responsible for maintaining the Professional Qualification Standards 179 (Stipulation III)and Personnel Training(Stipulation IV)required to support this 180 Agreement. DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 5 January 2, 2025 181 182 5) HDOT shall maintain such documentation in its files and shall report its use of 183 the documentation on specific undertakings consistent with Stipulation VII.D 184 (Documenting Effect Findings) and Stipulation XI (Annual Review, Auditing, 185 and Reporting). 186 F. City and County of Honolulu, County of Kaua`i, County of Maui, and the County of 187 Hawai`i Responsibilities 188 6) Counties wishing to use this agreement shall comply with the Professional 189 Qualification Standards (Stipulation III) and Personnel Training (Stipulation IV) 190 requirements for Certified Project Managers and meeting the United States Secretary 191 of the Interior's (SOI) Qualified Professionals ("SOI Qualified Professional(s)") 192 responsible for managing and supervising said projects, and with Stipulation VII 193 (project review) resulting in findings of No Adverse Effect or determinations that 194 projects do not qualify as Tiered Activities covered by this Agreement. Non- 195 qualifying projects shall be subject to the Section 106 Process per 36 C.F.R. §800.3 to 196 800.13. 197 198 III. PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION STANDARDS 199 A. HDOT and the Counties shall ensure that all work related to historic bridge reviews under 200 the terms of this Agreement will be performed by professionals who are Certified Project 201 Managers and SOI Qualified Professionals in their respective roles as defined below. 202 i. Certified Project Managers are personnel who have successfully completed training in 203 implementation of this agreement and passed a test as described in Stipulation IV 204 (Personnel Training). Certified Project Managers may undertake historic bridge 205 reviews to determine if a proposed undertaking meets the terms and conditions of the 206 Tiered Activities (Appendix A) and document a finding of No Adverse Effect for Tier 207 1 and 2 activities per Stipulation VII (Project Review). Certified Project Managers 208 will attend continuing education workshops in the use of the Agreement. 209 ii. SOI Qualified Professionals are Architectural Historians, Historic Architects or 210 Archaeologists who meet the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification 211 Standards in their respective disciplines (36 C.F.R. Part 61; Appendix A and 48 212 Federal Register 44738-44739). In addition, archaeologists must have a SHPD permit 213 to perform archaeology in the state of Hawai`i. 214 An SOI Qualified Architectural Historian or SOI Qualified Historic Architect shall 215 lead training in the implementation of this agreement per Stipulation IV(Personnel 216 Training). An SOI Qualified Archaeologist will lead training specific to tiered 217 activities that have the potential to result in ground disturbing activities per 218 Stipulation VII.0 (Limitations on Ground Disturbing Activities). DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 6 January 2, 2025 219 SOI Qualified Professionals, working in cooperation with the Certified Project 220 Manager, review, approve and document a finding of No Adverse Effect for Tier 3 221 activities per Stipulation VII(Project Review). SOI Qualified Professionals may 222 determine that a Tier 3 undertaking is a non-tiered activity and is not covered under 223 the terms of this Agreement. 224 IV. PERSONNEL TRAINING 225 A. HDOT and the Counties shall arrange for personnel responsible for managing, 226 supervising, and reviewing Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program projects to be trained in 227 the use of this Agreement. This training class will cover the requirements of Section 228 106,in general and specific to this Agreement, and details regarding the Agreement's 229 implementation, including application of the Tiered Activities (Appendix A) and the 230 Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Best Practices Manual (Appendix B) consistent 231 with the "Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic 232 Properties"NPS, 1997 (SOI Standards). 233 B. Development of the content, format, and materials for the training class, including a 234 testing component, shall be the responsibility of HDOT. HDOT may choose to 235 implement the training class either as an in-person and/or on-line program. At least 236 one of the individuals leading the training shall be an SOI Qualified Professional 237 Historic Architect or Architectural Historian. An SOI Qualified Archaeologist will 238 lead the training section on the Archaeological Clear Zone. HDOT will provide the 239 Federal Agencies, SHPD, Counties and Concurring parties with an opportunity to 240 comment on the training content, format, materials, and qualifications of the training 241 personnel prior to implementation of the training class. Comments shall be received 242 within 60 days of a formal submittal by HDOT. Comments received within 60 days 243 shall be reviewed and addressed, either by incorporating the comment into the 244 training, or with a response to the sender. If no comments are received within 60 245 days of submissions (date of email, submittal to HICRIS or within 65 days of the 246 date a hardcopy letter is sent), all training materials will be deemed acceptable. 247 C. Successful completion of the training will be determined by obtaining a passing grade 248 on a test administered prior to the conclusion of the class. HDOT shall provide a 249 Certificate of Completion to personnel who pass the test. For the purposes of the 250 Agreement's implementation, these personnel are referred to herein as "Certified 251 Project Managers". 252 D. HDOT will explore opportunities to hold workshops for the continuing education of 253 Certified Project Managers and SOI Qualified Professionals in the use of the 254 Agreement. These workshops may highlight specific projects and lessons learned, or 255 review processes, treatments, and updates as they relate to this Agreement. HDOT 256 will provide discussion of how this stipulation was implemented at the Annual 257 Review (see Stipulation XI). DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 7 January 2, 2025 258 E. The responsible agency officials of the signatories to this Agreement shall be notified 259 by HDOT of training class and workshop date(s)or on-line posts and invited to attend 260 all training classes and workshops. 261 V. HISTORIC BRIDGE IDENTIFICATION UPDATES AND REVISIONS 262 The following procedures will be implemented by FHWA, HDOT and SHPO to maintain 263 an up-to-date Historic Bridge List (Attachment 1) that lists all bridges and structures to 264 which this Agreement applies. 265 A. The Historic Bridge List (Attachment 1) will be based on the most-current, 266 interagency agreed-upon HDOT statewide historic bridge inventory, which at the 267 time of this agreement is the 2024 State Historic Bridge Inventory and Evaluation 268 Update. 269 270 HDOT may initiate an update to the Historic Bridge List (Attachment 1) through 271 notification of the Signatories to this PA. If new or additional information becomes 272 known which may impact the NRHP eligibility status of an individual bridge,HDOT 273 will provide such information to the Signatories. This information may relate to an 274 individual historic bridge currently on the Historic Bridge List (Attachment 1), a 275 bridge with an undetermined eligibility status, a bridge previously considered not 276 eligible, a historic bridge replaced or rehabilitated through a major project, or a 277 historic bridge lost to an accident, natural disaster, or the like. New or updated 278 eligibility of the individual bridge in question will be considered following the regular 279 Section 106 consultation process in 36 C.F.R. § 800.3-4, except in those instances 280 where a historic bridge has been lost or replaced in which case it may be removed 281 from the list following notification of the Signatories of the loss or demolition of the 282 resource. HDOT shall maintain the list and add to or remove bridges from the list 283 after consultation per 36 C.F.R. § 800.4(c). 284 B. HDOT may add non-bridge class structures defined in accordance with 23 C.F.R. 285 650.403 as having an opening measuring along the center of the roadway of less than 286 20 feet,to the Historic Bridge List(Attachment 1)when the non-bridge class structure 287 has been identified as a NRNP listed, eligible or potentially eligible historic structure 288 following the regular Section 106 process defined in 36 C.F.R.§ 800.3-4, including 289 notification and involvement of NHOs and the public. 290 VI. APPLICATION OF TIERED ACTIVITIES 291 A. Referencing the Tiered Activities (Appendix A) for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge 292 Program subject to this Agreement, Certified Project Managers or SOI Qualified 293 Professional(s)following the Project Review process outlined in Stipulation VII may 294 make an initial evaluation that an undertaking is a type of activity/activities that has 295 no adverse effect on historic bridges and structures on the Historic Bridge List 296 (Attachment 1). As such, the undertaking is limited to the activities specified as a 297 Tiered Activity and meets all the activity terms and conditions and is not part of a DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 8 January 2, 2025 298 larger undertaking. HDOT may modify or add to Tiered Activities (Appendix A) or 299 to the Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Best Practices Manual (Appendix B) as 300 noted in Stipulation XV(Amendment). 301 302 B. Tiered Activities require internal review by Certified Project Managers and/or SOI 303 Qualified Professional(s) per the Project Review process outlined in Stipulation VII 304 to determine whether a project meets all the terms and conditions of the Tiered 305 Activities(Appendix A)and that no circumstances exist that would call for additional 306 review. If no such circumstances exist, the Certified Project Manager and/or SOI 307 Qualified Professional(s)will document their finding that the project does not require 308 any further review and maintain that document in the project file in accordance with 309 Stipulation VII.D (Documenting Effect Findings). 310 C. If the project does not meet the terms and conditions outlined in the Tiered Activities 311 (Appendix A), the project does not qualify for the use of this Agreement. 312 VII. PROJECT REVIEW 313 A. This stipulation outlines the Project Review process to be used by Certified Project 314 Managers and SOI Qualified Professionals for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program. 315 It provides a streamlined approach to Section 106 compliance for certain projects and 316 is limited to activities with a known history of resulting in findings of"No Adverse 317 Effect". 318 B. Through this Agreement, the Signatories establish the following categories of 319 activities as enumerated in the Tiered Activities (Appendix A) and described in 320 greater detail in the Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Best Practices Manual 321 (Appendix B). 322 Any projects that are inclusive of activities that do not qualify as Tier 1, 2, or 3 323 Activities (Appendix A) shall not be subject to this Agreement. 324 1) TIER 1: Activities with No Potential to Cause Effects 325 Tier 1 Activities have No Potential to Cause Effects to historic properties, 326 therefore no further review under this Agreement and the NHPA is required. 327 All such undertakings and determinations will be documented by Certified 328 Project Managers using the Compliance Form (Appendix C) and will be 329 documented, recorded, and reported in accordance with Stipulation VII.D 330 (Documenting Effect Findings) and Stipulation XI (Annual Review, Auditing, 331 and Reporting). 332 2) TIER 2: Activities with No Adverse Effects pending Application of Guidance 333 in the Best Practices Manual DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 9 January 2, 2025 334 Tier 2 Activities have No Adverse Effects to properties and are conditioned 335 upon an activity's consistency with the SOI Standards using the Manual's Tier 336 2 guidance thus requiring no SOI Qualified Professional review. Tier 2 337 activities using methods other than those prescribed in the Manual will either 338 be Tier 3 requiring SOI Qualified Professional review or are activities requiring 339 SHPO consultation and are not covered by this Agreement. 340 If the Certified Project Manager determines that a Tier 2 undertaking will have 341 no adverse effect due to implementation of the Manual, no further review under 342 this Agreement and the NHPA is required. All such undertakings and 343 determinations made will be documented by Certified Project Managers using 344 the Compliance Form (Appendix C) and documented, recorded, and reported 345 in accordance with Stipulation VII.D (Documenting Effect Findings) and 346 Stipulation XI(Annual Review, Auditing, and Reporting). 347 3) TIER 3: Activities with No Adverse Effects pending Application of Guidance 348 in the Best Practices Manual (Appendix B) and with Approval of an SOI 349 Qualified Professional 350 For Tier 3 activities, SOI Qualified Professional(s) shall assess potential 351 archaeological and architectural impacts to determine whether a project 352 qualifies for processing under the Agreement. HDOT and the SOI Qualified 353 Professional(s) shall work together to complete the assessment and adequate 354 documentation, including a Compliance Form (Appendix C) and supporting 355 materials (topographical maps, historic bridge inventory forms, project plans, 356 as needed). 357 Tier 3 Activities with No Adverse Effects are conditioned upon the activity's 358 consistency with the SOI Standards using the Manual's Tier 3 guidance and 359 approval of SOI Qualified Professional(s). Tier 3 activities using methods other 360 than those prescribed in the Manual and not meeting the approval of the SOI 361 Qualified Professional(s)will require compliance with the Section 106 Process 362 per 36 CFR § 800.3 to 800.13 and are not covered by this Agreement. 363 If the determination of No Adverse Effect is conditioned upon the undertaking's 364 consistency with the SOI Standards, pursuant to 36 C.F.R. § 800.5(a)(2)(ii) or 365 800.5(b), the SOI Qualified Professional(s) will review the plans, drawings, 366 specifications, and any modifications, for consistency with the SOI Standards, 367 document their review in accordance with Stipulation VII.D (Documenting 368 Effect Findings), and will monitor the progress of the undertaking in 369 coordination with the Certified Project Manager and contract personnel. 370 All such undertakings and determinations made will be documented, recorded, 371 and reported in accordance with Stipulation VII.D (Documenting Effect 372 Findings) and Stipulation XI(Annual Review, Auditing, and Reporting). DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 10 January 2, 2025 373 4) All activities that are proposed within a designated or potential historic district 374 are Tier 3 Activities. The SOI Qualified Professional(s) will review the 375 activities to determine whether they will alter, either directly or indirectly, the 376 characteristics that qualify, or may qualify, the historic district, as well as the 377 historic bridge or structure, for listing in the NRHP. The SOI Qualified 378 Professional(s) will gather additional information, as necessary for the review 379 of the historic district, including, but not limited to, the NRHP nomination, 380 SHPO records, town web sites, as well as county master plans, and other county 381 records, as appropriate. Designated and/or potential historic districts will be 382 noted on the Compliance Form (Appendix C). To determine whether the 383 activities have an effect on an historic district(s), the SOI Qualified 384 Professional(s)will consider the characteristics that qualify, or may qualify, the 385 historic district for the NRHP following guidance in National Register Bulletin 386 15:How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. 387 C. Limitations on Ground Disturbing Activities 388 For Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program projects qualifying as Tiers 1, 2, or 3 activities, 389 ground disturbances will not take place or be limited to avoid or minimize the 390 potential to impact archaeological resources as described in this stipulation. Any 391 ground disturbing activity not conforming to these limitations shall not be covered 392 by this Agreement. 393 1) Ground-disturbing activities for qualifying projects, including scour 394 countermeasures and foundation repairs, may take place within a strict 10-foot 395 Archaeological Clear Zone, as measured from the furthest edge of the 396 superstructure and substructure of the existing historic bridge or structure. 397 2) If an old bridge abutment or pier, retaining wall, flume or irrigation structure 398 (referred to as remnant structure) is identified in the vicinity of the historic 399 bridge, its treatment shall be a Tier 3 activity. The treatment of remnant 400 structures shall be limited to three options: 401 a) avoidance of the remnant structure 402 b) minor repair of the remnant structure following the guidance manual. 403 c) this Agreement does not apply because the remnant structure cannot be 404 avoided, or major repairs are required. 405 3) Driven poles for signage, guardrails and other types of roadside appurtenances 406 are allowable within the Right of Way and outside of the 10-foot 407 Archaeological Clear Zone for poles with a maximum 4-inch diameter to be 408 driven no more than a depth of 48 inches below existing ground surfaces. DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 11 January 2, 2025 409 4) Laydown yards for qualifying Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program projects must 410 be on existing paved areas or unpaved areas using protective matting. 411 D. Documenting Effect Findings 412 For projects qualifying as Tier 1 or 2 activities, Certified Project Managers will 413 complete a Compliance Form (Appendix C) documenting that the activities qualify 414 as Tier 1 and 2 activities under this Agreement. Documentation shall be maintained 415 in the project files and reported in accordance with Stipulation XI (Annual Review, 416 Auditing, and Reporting). 417 418 For projects qualifying as Tier 3 activities, SOI Qualified Professionals shall make a 419 finding that the project results in No Adverse Effect on the Compliance Form 420 (Appendix C); HDOT Certified Project Managers shall maintain documentation in 421 the project files and report in accordance with Stipulation XI (Annual Review, 422 Auditing, and Reporting). 423 If a review by SOI Qualified Professional(s)determines that a project does not qualify 424 as for use of this Agreement, the Certified Project Manager shall utilize the 425 Compliance Form (Appendix C) to document that the project does not qualify for 426 processing under this Agreement, and that the project will be reviewed consistent 427 with 36 C.F.R. § 800. 428 429 For projects when USACE is the Lead Federal Agency, the completed Compliance 430 Forms (Appendix C)will be submitted by HDOT or the Counties to the USACE with 431 the permit applications as evidence of the use of this Agreement. The USACE shall 432 receive project plans, specifications and/or other suitable documentation as needed 433 to verify the applicability of this Agreement. 434 HDOT shall notify the Signatories of the use of the Agreement on specific projects 435 in an annual report, as specified in Stipulation XI (Annual Review, Auditing, and 436 Reporting). 437 438 E. Changes to the Scope of a Project 439 When changes to the scope, design, or implementation of a Hawai'i Historic Bridge 440 Program project occur post-Certification, the Certified Project Manager shall 441 evaluate the revised project and determine if the tier level of the project under this 442 Agreement still applies. If the project remains Tier 1 or Tier 2, the Certified Project 443 Manager shall prepare an updated Compliance Form (Appendix C). 444 The Certified Project Manager shall coordinate with SOI Qualified Professional(s) 445 when those changes result in new activities that meet Tier 3 or non-tiered activity 446 definitions. The SOI Qualified Professional(s) shall be provided with sufficient 447 information and time to allow for a complete reassessment of the modified project. 448 An updated Compliance Form (Appendix C) shall be prepared and included in the DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 12 January 2, 2025 449 project file. The certification forms shall be submitted to the USACE when it affects 450 a USACE permit or the change in scope requires a permit when none was required 451 originally. 452 As appropriate, the SOI Qualified Professional(s) shall evaluate the revised project 453 and alert HDOT as to whether: 1)the project continues to qualify for processing under 454 the Agreement, and additional or revised certification forms are required, or 2) the 455 project no longer qualifies for this Agreement. If the project no longer qualifies under 456 the Agreement, the lead federal agency and/or HDOT shall notify the SHPO and 457 initiate a Section 106 review per 36 C.F.R. § 800.3 to 800.13. 458 VIII. EMERGENCY SITUATIONS 459 A. For the purposes of this Agreement, emergencies are defined as occurrences that 460 require emergency highway system and facility repairs that are necessary to 1)protect 461 the life, safety, or health of the public; 2) minimize the extent of damage to the 462 highway system and facilities; 3) protect remaining highway facilities; or 4) restore 463 essential traffic. These emergency situations may arise from flooding, ocean surges, 464 landslides, extreme wind, or other natural phenomena. 465 B. Repairs to address emergency situations as defined above can occur regardless of 466 funding category and regardless of declarations made by federal, state, or local 467 agencies or by the USACE where the USACE is the Lead Federal Agency in 468 accordance with 33 C.F.R. § 325.2(e)(4) or by the FHWA where the FHWA is the 469 Lead Federal Agency in accordance with 23 CFR § 668.103. 470 C. If an emergency repair project could affect historic bridges, HDOT will, in 471 accordance with Stipulation VII, determine whether the emergency repair project is 472 exempted from further review, as follows: 473 i. If the project is listed as a Tier 1, 2 or 3 project, the conditions for exemption 474 are met, and a Certified Project Manager determines the emergency repairs 475 will have no effect to historic properties, the Certified Project Manager will 476 note this determination for the project file and no further consultation will be 477 required. 478 ii. If the emergency repair is not listed in Tiers 1, 2 or 3, HDOT will notify 479 SHPO, in accordance with Stipulation XIII, and the applicable Lead Federal 480 Agency prior to any work taking place. SHPO and the Lead Federal Agency 481 will have 48 hours to respond to the notification. If no response is received, 482 HDOT will proceed with the emergency repair. 483 iii. For projects where the repair must be made within the first 30 days of the 484 declaration of the emergency by an appropriate authority, in response to 485 immediate threats to life and property, the processing of environmental 486 documentation will happen concurrently or after the fact. In these cases, DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 13 January 2, 2025 487 HDOT/County will comply with the procedures in this Stipulation to the 488 extent possible, but the reviews may be conducted after the emergency work 489 is completed. 490 iv. For projects taking longer than 30 days for repair after the declaration of the 491 emergency by an appropriate authority, HDOT, on behalf of the applicable 492 Lead Federal Agency, will comply with the procedures in Stipulation VII. 493 HDOT, however, may request an extension of the period for the repair project 494 from the applicable Lead Federal Agency prior to the expiration of the 30 495 days. 496 D. HDOT, on behalf of the applicable Lead Federal Agency, will provide notification 497 of an emergency action to SHPO within seven (7) days of the effective date of the 498 Agreement. Notification may be transmitted by email, HICRIS, other electronic 499 means, or by hand delivery, as agreed to by HDOT and SHPO. The notice will be 500 clearly and prominently marked as an emergency notification and will include an 501 explanation of how the action meets the requirements for emergency as defined 502 herein. The notice will also include a brief description of the eligibility and/or 503 significance of the historic bridge involved, the nature, effect, and anticipated effect 504 of the emergency action on the resources, and the anticipated time frame available 505 for comment. 506 E. Where USACE is the applicable Lead Federal Agency, it will follow 33 C.F.R. § 507 325.2(e)(4)in declaring an emergency as defined. USACE will comply with these 508 regulations in a manner that is consistent with the terms of this Stipulation. In 509 declaring an emergency, USACE will notify the Signatories consistent with 510 Stipulation XIII. 511 IX. POST-REVIEW AND UNEXPECTED EFFECTS 512 If a Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program project classified as a Tier 1, 2, or 3 activity under 513 this Agreement takes place on a bridge or structure on the Historic Bridge List(Attachment 514 1) and results in unexpected effects due to unknown conditions or other situations 515 encountered during construction, HDOT will cease the activity and reevaluate the 516 applicability of this Agreement. Reevaluation will use the processes described in 517 Stipulation VII.E ("Changes to the Scope of Project") or Stipulation VIII ("Emergency 518 Situations"). If the SOI Qualified Professional(s) reviewing the unexpected effect 519 concludes that the activity has or may possibly result in a finding of Adverse Effect,HDOT 520 shall carry out the requirements of 36. C.F.R. 800.13(b) (Discoveries without Prior 521 Planning). 522 X. IDENTIFICATION AND TREATMENT OF HUMAN REMAINS 523 A. In the event that human remains are identified within the project area prior to 524 initiation of ground-disturbing activities, this Agreement shall not apply. DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 14 January 2, 2025 525 B. In the event that human remains are identified during construction,the procedures for 526 the treatment of human remains shall be consistent with HAR § 13-300-40. 527 C. Human remains or funerary objects discovered on Federal lands shall be treated in 528 accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 529 U.S.C. § 3001 et. Seq.). 530 D. When USACE is the Lead Federal Agency, nationwide permit General Condition 21 531 "Discovery of Previously Unknown Remains and Artifacts" will apply. If any 532 previously unknown historic, cultural, or archeological remains and artifacts are 533 discovered while accomplishing the activity authorized by this permit, the District 534 Engineer must be notified of the finding. The District Engineer will initiate the 535 Federal, NHO, and State coordination required to determine if the items or remains 536 warrant a recovery effort or if the site is eligible for listing in the NHRP. 537 XI. ANNUAL REVIEW,AUDITING,AND REPORTING 538 A. Following the execution of this Agreement, until it expires or is terminated, HDOT 539 shall provide all parties to this Agreement a summary report detailing the work 540 performed under this Agreement on March 31 and September 30 of each year 541 pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. Such reports shall include: 542 1) Summary information on all Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program projects 543 processed under this Agreement; 544 2) Copies of all Compliance Forms (Appendix C) signed by the Certified Project 545 Manager or SOI Qualified Professional(s); 546 3) Concerns or problems with the Agreement; 547 4) Disputes and objections received during efforts to carry out the terms of this 548 Agreement. 549 B. If after twelve (12) months and/or the completion of two reports, whichever comes 550 later, the SHPO finds that the parties have successfully complied with the terms of 551 this Agreement, the reporting requirements under this part shall be annual, and due 552 each September 30. 553 C. Agreement Review Meeting: 554 Upon request of any Signatory, HDOT will covene a meeting to discuss functioning 555 of this Agreement within 60 days of the request. HDOT will be responsible for 556 providing notice of the meetings to the Signatories, and as appropriate, consulting 557 parties and preparing a meeting agenda, staffing, and conducting the meeting, and 558 preparing a meeting summary of discussions, issues, and concerns. The meeting 559 summary shall be provided no later than 30 days after the meeting and will be 560 distributed to all parties after the meeting has concluded. DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 15 January 2, 2025 561 XII. ADDITIONAL CONSULTING PARTIES FOR SPECIFIC UNDERTAKINGS 562 HDOT, in consultation with FHWA, USACE, the Counties, and SHPO shall involve 563 individuals and organizations with a demonstrated interest in the undertaking as provided 564 at 36 C.F.R. § 800.2(c)(5) in the implementation of this Agreement as appropriate. 565 Inclusion of additional qualified individuals and organizations to a specific undertaking 566 shall not constitute the addition of that group as a signatory or consulting party to this 567 Agreement. 568 XIII. NOTICES 569 Any communication or notice permitted or required by this Agreement shall be in writing 570 and shall include communication to the responsible agency official. Notices may be 571 delivered by electronic mail or delivered by the United States Mail upon written request, 572 and such electronic notices shall thereafter be deemed effective upon receipt. 573 XIV. DURATION 574 A. This Agreement will remain in effect for five (5)years after the date of its execution 575 by all parties. At least ninety days prior to the conclusion of the five-year period, 576 HDOT will notify all parties to the Agreement in writing of the upcoming expiration 577 of the Agreement. The Agreement may be extended for an additional term,the length 578 of which will be agreed to by the Signatories. The extension will be codified through 579 an amendment of the Agreement in accordance with Stipulation XV("Amendment"). 580 If any of the Signatories objects to extending the Agreement, or proposes 581 amendments, HDOT will consult with the Signatories to consider amendments or 582 other actions to avoid termination. 583 B. FHWA may invite additional invited signatories, concurring or consulting parties to 584 become a party to this Agreement. 585 586 C. All parties to any extension of this Agreement shall have at least 60 calendar days to 587 comment on the extension. 588 XV. AMENDMENT 589 A. This Agreement may be amended when such an amendment is agreed to in writing 590 by all Signatories prior to the termination of the Agreement. The amendment will be 591 effective on the date a fully executed copy (signed by all the signatories)is filed with 592 the ACHP. 593 B. The Historic Bridge List (Attachment 1) may be modified without amending the 594 Agreement. Signatories will consult to reconsider Attachment 1 and modify and shall 595 notify the Concurring Parties of the Agreement. Modifications will be appended to 596 the administrative record for the Agreement by HDOT. DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 16 January 2, 2025 597 XVI. CONFIDENTIALITY 598 All parties to this Agreement acknowledge that information about historic properties, 599 potential historic properties, or properties considered historic for purposes of this 600 Agreement are, or may be, subject to the provisions of Section 304 of the NHPA. Section 601 304 allows the FHWA, USACE, and SHPO to withhold disclosure to the public, 602 information about the location, character, or ownership of a historic resource if the FHWA, 603 USACE, or SHPO and the Secretary of the Interior determine that disclosure may 1) cause 604 a significant invasion of privacy; 2)risk harm to the historic resource; or 3)impede the use 605 of a traditional religious site by practitioners. Having so acknowledged, all parties to this 606 Agreement will ensure that all actions and documentation prescribed by this Agreement 607 are, where necessary, consistent with the requirements of Section 304 of the NHPA. 608 XVII TRANSITION 609 This Agreement shall become effective upon the date of its execution by all parties. Any 610 projects where the Section 106 process has started prior to the signing of this document 611 may follow the process outlined in 36 C.F.R. § 800 or this Agreement in consultation with 612 the Signatories. 613 XVIII DISPUTE RESOLUTION 614 A. Should any Signatory, Invited Signatory or Concurring Party to this Agreement 615 object in writing at any time to any actions proposed or the manner in which the terms 616 of this Agreement are implemented, the Lead Federal Agency, within the limits of its 617 authority, will consult with such parties to resolve the objection. 618 B. Should any Signatory party object to a determination of eligibility, the Lead Federal 619 Agency will submit the determination to the Keeper of the National Register of 620 Historic Places for resolution. 621 C. If the objection, other than a determination of eligibility, is resolved through 622 consultation, the Lead Federal Agency may authorize the disputed action to proceed 623 in accordance with the terms of such resolution. 624 D. If after initiating such consultation, the Lead Federal Agency determines that the 625 objection cannot be resolved, the agency will: 626 1) Forward all documentation relevant to the dispute, including the resolution 627 proposed by the Lead Federal Agency to the ACHP. 628 2) The ACHP will provide the Lead Federal Agency with its advice, pursuant to 629 36 C.F.R. § 800.2(b)(2), on the resolution of the objection within thirty (30) 630 days of receiving adequate documentation. 631 3) Any ACHP comments provided in response to such a request will be considered 632 by the Lead Federal Agency in accordance with 36 C.F.R. § 800.7(c)(4). DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 17 January 2, 2025 633 4) If the ACHP does not provide its advice regarding the dispute within thirty (30) 634 days, the Lead Federal Agency may make a final decision and proceed 635 accordingly. 636 5) Prior to reaching a final decision on the dispute, the Lead Federal Agency will 637 prepare a written response that takes into account any timely advice or 638 comments from the ACHP, Signatories and Consulting Parties regarding the 639 dispute, and provide a copy of this written response. 640 6) The Lead Federal Agency will then proceed according to its final decision. 641 E. The responsibilities of the Lead Federal Agency to carry out all other undisputed 642 actions contained in the terms of this Agreement, remain unchanged. 643 XIX. WITHDRAWAL AND TERMINATION 644 A. Any Signatory or Invited Signatory to this Agreement may withdraw from it by 645 providing thirty (30) days' notice to the other parties, provided that the parties will 646 consult during the period prior to withdrawal to seek agreement on amendments or 647 other actions that would avoid withdrawal in accordance with Stipulation XVIII. This 648 Agreement will be terminated and cease to be in effect if FHWA, USACE, SHPO, 649 ACHP, HDOT, or the Counties withdraw from the Agreement. 650 B. No new eligible projects may utilize this Agreement until either(a)FHWA executes 651 an amendment to the Agreement pursuant to 36 C.F.R. § 800.6, (b) executes another 652 agreement pursuant to 36 C.F.R. § 800.6 or 800.14, or(c)FHWA requests, takes into 653 account, and responds to the comments of the ACHP under 36 C.F.R. § 800.7.FHWA 654 will notify the Signatories and Consulting Parties as to the course of action it will 655 pursue. 656 657 C. Should the Agreement be terminated,FHWA,USACE,HDOT, and the Counties will 658 meet their respective Section 106 responsibilities for all individual undertakings 659 using the procedures of 36 CFR 800. 660 XX. EXECUTION OF THIS AGREEMENT IN COUNTERPARTS 661 This Agreement may be executed in counterparts with a separate page for each Signatory, 662 Invited Signatory, and Concurring Party. FHWA shall ensure that each Signatory, Invited 663 Signatory, and Concurring Party is provided with an electronic copy of the fully executed 664 Agreement. Hard copies will be made available upon request. 665 EXECUTION and implementation of this Agreement confirms that FHWA has delegated 666 certain Section 106 responsibilities to HDOT and has afforded ACHP a reasonable 667 opportunity to comment on the Federal-aid Program and its individual projects in Hawai`i; 668 that FHWA has taken into account the effects of the Program and its individual projects on 669 historic properties, and that FHWA has complied with Section 106 for the Programs and 670 their individual projects. DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 18 January 2, 2025 671 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 672 AMONG 673 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 674 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 675 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 676 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 677 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 678 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 679 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 680 REGARDING THE 681 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 682 U.S. FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION 683 By Date 684 Richelle Takara, Division Administrator DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 19 January 2, 2025 685 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 686 AMONG 687 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 688 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 689 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 690 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 691 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 692 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 693 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 694 REGARDING THE 695 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 696 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, HONOLULU DISTRICT 697 By Date 698 Jennifer L. Martin, Chief, Regulatory Branch DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 20 January 2, 2025 699 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 700 AMONG 701 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 702 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 703 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 704 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 705 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 706 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 707 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 708 REGARDING THE 709 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 710 ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 711 By Date 712 Reid Nelson 713 Executive Director DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 21 January 2, 2025 714 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 715 AMONG 716 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 717 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 718 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 719 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 720 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 721 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 722 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 723 REGARDING THE 724 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 725 HAWAI'I STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER 726 By Date 727 Dawn N. Chang 728 State Historic Preservation Officer DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 22 January 2, 2025 729 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 730 AMONG 731 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 732 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 733 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 734 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 735 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 736 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 737 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 738 REGARDING THE 739 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 740 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 741 By Date 742 Edwin H. Sniffen 743 Director DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 23 January 2, 2025 744 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 745 AMONG 746 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 747 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 748 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 749 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 750 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 751 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 752 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 753 REGARDING THE 754 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 755 COUNTY OF KAUAI, DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS 756 By Date 757 Troy Tanigawa 758 County Engineer DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 24 January 2, 2025 759 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 760 AMONG 761 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 762 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 763 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 764 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 765 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 766 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 767 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 768 REGARDING THE 769 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 770 CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, DEPARTMENT OF DESIGN AND 771 CONSTRUCTION 772 By Date 773 Haku Mulles, PE, LEED AP 774 Director DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 25 January 2, 2025 775 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 776 AMONG 777 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 778 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 779 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 780 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 781 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 782 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 783 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 784 REGARDING THE 785 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 786 COUNTY OF MAUI, DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS 787 By Date 788 Jordan Molina 789 Director DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 26 January 2, 2025 790 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 791 AMONG 792 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 793 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 794 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 795 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 796 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 797 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 798 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 799 REGARDING THE 800 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 801 COUNTY OF HAWAII, DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS 802 By Date 803 Hugh Ono, PE 804 Director DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 27 January 2, 2025 805 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 806 AMONG 807 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 808 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 809 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 810 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 811 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 812 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 813 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 814 REGARDING THE 815 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 816 HISTORIC HAWAII FOUNDATION 817 By Date 818 Kiersten Faulkner, FAICP 819 Executive Director DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 28 January 2, 2025 820 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 821 AMONG 822 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 823 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 824 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 825 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 826 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 827 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 828 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 829 REGARDING THE 830 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 831 NATIONAL TRUST FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION 832 By Date 833 Elizabeth Merritt 834 Deputy General Counsel DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 29 January 2, 2025 835 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 836 AMONG 837 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 838 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 839 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 840 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 841 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 842 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 843 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 844 REGARDING THE 845 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 846 [Other PARTIES to be determined] DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 30 January 2, 2025 Appendix A Tier Summary Matrix FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program January 2, 2025 Chapter 1 Structure Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activity may proceed. Activity requiring application of Activity requiring application of approval and not covered by guidance in the Best Practices guidance in the Best Practices Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Manual to achieve an outcome Manual and review by a Qualified having no adverse effect. Profesional to achieve an outcome having no adverse effect. IllEIENEMEOF ILII ILII ILII wpm 1111111 2.1.1 Temporary Structures Use of temporary structures not Use of temporary structures Use of temporary structures All activities judged in Tier 3 by secured to bridge structure. secured to bridge structure that leaving permanent visible marks on SOI Qualified Professional to have All work inside of 10'-0" leave no permanent marks. bridge structure. potential for adverse effects. archaeological clear zone. All work inside of 10'-0" All work inside of 10'-0" archaeological clear zone. archaeological clear zone. 1.2 Stone Masonry 1.2.1 Cleaning (No activities apply) Removal of moss,dirt,and loose Use of chemicals or cleaning All activities judged in Tier 3 by leaves and branches(also see agents. SOI Qualified Professional to have Chapter 1). potential for adverse effects. 1.2.2 Stone Masonry Repair (No activities apply) Repair or re-placement of Repair or replacement of missing All activities judged in Tier 3 by dislodged individual stones with or deteriorated stones with new SOI Qualified Professional to have same material. material matching existing. potential for adverse effects. 1.2.3 Mortar and Repointing (No activities apply) Repointing using mortar matching Repointing using mortar All activities judged in Tier 3 by existing characterisitcs of type, dissimilar to existing SOI Qualified Professional to have color,strength,and tooling. characteristics of type,color, potential for adverse effects. strength,and tooling. 1.2.4 Paint,Coatings,and Paint Removal (Refer to Chapter 5) 1.3 Concrete 1.3.1 Concrete Cleaning (No activities apply) Removal of moss,dirt,and loose Use of chemicals or cleaning All activities judged in Tier 3 by leaves and branches(also see agents. SOI Qualified Professional to have Chapter 1). potential for adverse effects. 1.3.2 Spalling Application of trowlable mortar Application of hand patching or Concrete repair to match existing Repairs that remove or obscure for rectangluar patches under 1/2 cast-in-place concrete mortar for unique textures,colors,or historic historic features. sf. patches. mixtures. All activities judged in Tier 3 by Spall repairs to the underdeck or Spall repairs to visible areas of Repair of concrete with sculptural SOI Qualified Professional to have other non visible/hidden areas of the bridge structure. relief or shaped design work. potential for adverse effects. the bridge structure. 1.3.3 Cracking (No activities apply) Sealing hairline cracks with a Sealing cracks with epoxy All activities judged in Tier 3 by penetrating concrete sealer. injection methods. SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effects. 1.3.4 Cathodic Protection(CP) (No activities apply) (No activities apply) Installation of a CP system. All activities judged in Tier 3 by SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effects. 1.3.5 Fiber-Reinforced Polymer(FRP) (No activities apply) (No activities apply) Installation of FRP. All activities judged in Tier 3 by SOI Qualified Professional to have .otential for adverse effects. 1.4 Steel 1.4.1 Steel Cleaning (No activities apply) Removal of moss,dirt,and loose Use of chemicals or cleaning All activities judged in Tier 3 by leaves and branches(also see agents. SOI Qualified Professional to have Chapter 2). Refer to Chapter 5 for additional potential for adverse effects. Washing down steel structural information. member. 1.4.2 Welded and Bolted Repairs (No activities apply) hi-kind replacement of existing Steel plate patch repairs. All activities judged in Tier 3 by weldments and bolted connections. Welded repairs of cracked or SOI Qualified Professional to have broken structural steel members. potential for adverse effects. DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 1 Structure January 2,2025 Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activity may proceed. Activity requiring application of Activity requiring application of approval and not covered by guidance in the Best Practices guidance in the Best Practices Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Manual to achieve an outcome Manual and review by a Qualified having no adverse effect. Profesional to achieve an outcome having no adverse effect. 1.4.3 Member Replacement and Repair (No activities apply) Replacement of existing gusset Partial and full replacement of All activities judged in Tier 3 by plates,diaphragms,and secondary primary structural steel member. SOI Qualified Professional to have cross-bracing members,matching Replacement of existing gusset potential for adverse effects. existing members. plates diaphragms,and secondary Heat Straightening of distorted cross-bracing members,using steel members. dissimilar members. 1.4.4 Rivet and Bolted Connections (No activities apply) hi-kind replacement of existing Replacement of existing fasteners All activities judged in Tier 3 by structural fasteners. with dissimilar components in size, SOI Qualified Professional to have material,geometry or finish. potential for adverse effects. 1.4.5 Supplemental Structural Members (No activities apply) (No activities apply) Addition of supplemental All activities judged in Tier 3 by structural members. SOI Qualified Professional to have II II--IIII .otential for adverse effects. 1.5 Wood N _ ulI 1.5.1 Cleaning (No activities apply) Removal of moss,dirt,and loose Use of chemicals or cleaning All activities judged in Tier 3 by leaves and branches(also see agents. SOI Qualified Professional to have Chapter 2). Refer to Chapter 5 for additional potential for adverse effects. Washing down wood structural information. member. 1.5.2 Repair and Replacement (No activities apply) hi-kind replacement of Replacement of existing wood All activities judged in Tier 3 by deteriorated wood members or members or fasteners with SOI Qualified Professional to have deficient fasteners. dissimilar components in size, potential for adverse effects. material,geometry or finish. 1.5.3 Supplemental Structural Members (No activities apply) (No activities apply) Addition of supplemental All activities judged in Tier 3 by structural members. SOI Qualified Professional to have .otential for adverse effects. 1.6 Expansion Joints 1.6.1 Maintenance,Repair,and Retrofit Periodic clearing of debris from Replacement of deteriorated (No activities apply) (No activities apply) expansion joints. expansion joints. (End of Chapter) DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 1 Structure January 2,2025 Chapter 2 Environs Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activity may proceed. Activity requiring application of Activity requiring application of approval and not covered by guidance in the Best Practices guidance in the Best Practices Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Manual to achieve an outcome Manual and review by a Qualified having no adverse effect. Profesional to achieve an outcome having no adverse effect. 2.1 Vegetation Removal 2.1.1 Vegetation On or Within Structures (No activities apply) Scraping moss from bridge Removal of vegetation that All activities judged in Tier 3 by structure surfaces. requires,or results in,removal of SOI Qualified Professional to have Removal of vines growing on masonry elements. potential for adverse effects. bridge structures. Removal of plants or trees growing within bridge structure. Clearing soil and vegetation debris from bridge structure. Root removal from within bridge structure. Use of herbicides to kill roots growing within bridge structure. 2.1.2 Vegetation Adjacent to Structures Clearing trees and vegetation Clearing intrusive and (No activities apply) All activities judged in Tier 3 by growing beneath and adjacent to overhanging branches from SOI Qualified Professional to have the bridge structure alongside and overhead of bridge potential for adverse effects. structure. 2.2 Waterways and Scour Protection 2.2.1 Temporary Stream Diversion Temporary flow diversion of Temporary flow diversion of Temporary attachments that leave All activities not covered by Tiers waterway related to maintenance or waterway related to maintenance or permanent marks or require 1 and 2. repair of bridge structure when repair of bridge structure when significant repair after removal. NOT attached to the bridge attached to the bridge structure. structure. 2.2.2 Channel Lining and Scour Protection Repair of existing scour Repair of existing scour Placement of new scour Any ground disturbing activities protection or channel lining with protection or channel lining with in-protection outside of the 10'-0" taking place outside of the 10'-0" in-kind material,and requiring no kind material,ground disturbance Archaeological Clear Zone and Archaeological Clear Zone. ground disturbance or excavation. or excavation is allowed. requiring no ground disturbance or All activities judged in Tier 3 by Placement of new scour protection excavation. SOI Qualified Professional to have within the 10'-0"Archaeological potential for adverse effects. Clear Zone,with or without ground disturbance or excavation. 2.2.3 Micropile Installation (No activities apply) Installing micropiles to spread (No activities apply) Any ground disturbing activities footing to repair an existing or taking place outside of the 10'-0" newly found void or undermined Archaeological Clear Zone. area within the 10'-0" All activities judged in Tier 3 by Archaeological Clear Zone SOI Qualified Professional to have .otential for adverse effects. 2.3 Laydown Area Locating laydown area on Laydown area on bridge or Laydown areas outside of the 10'- All activities judged in Tier 3 by existing pavement or similar hard adjacent area inside 10'-0" 0"archaeological clear zone areas SOI Qualified Professional to have surface with no ground distrubance Archaeological Clear Zone. using matts or other protective potential for adverse effects. activities. Temporary installation of security underlayment. fence posts using driven posts.See Excavation is not allowed. Chapter 6 for free standing signage. DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 2 Environs January 2,2025 Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activity may proceed. Activity requiring application of Activity requiring application of approval and not covered by guidance in the Best Practices guidance in the Best Practices Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Manual to achieve an outcome Manual and review by a Qualified having no adverse effect. Profesional to achieve an outcome having no adverse effect. 2.4 Utility Maintenance 2.4.1 Underground Utilities Maintenance,repair,or in-kind Maintenance,repair,or (No activities apply) All work occurring outside of the replacement of existing replacement of existing 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone. underground utilities within 10'-0" underground utilities outside of the All work deviating from the archaeological clear zone. 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. footprint of the original as-built As-built drawings and or records of plans. the underground utility being repaired are required to use this tiered activity. 2.4.2 Utilities Attached to Bridge (No activities apply) Maintenance,repair,or in-kind hitallation of new or replacement All activities judged in Tier 3 by (one-for-one)replacement of of existing utility lines attached to SOI Qualified Professional to have existing utilities using similar or bridge requiring modifications to potential for adverse effects. smaller size lines and using similar bridge structure. methods of attachment. 2.5 Remnant Structures 2.5.1 Old Abutments,Piers,and Retaining Walls (No activities apply) (No activities apply) All activities judged in Tier 3 by An SOI Qualified Professional SOI Qualified Professional to have shall assess the remnant structure's potential for adverse effects. historic significance and review the proposed project activities that might be associated with or impact the remnant structures. 2.5.2 Flume or Irrigation Structure (No activities apply) (No activities apply) An SOI Qualified Professional All activities judged in Tier 3 by shall assess the flume or irrigation SOI Qualified Professional to have structure's historic significance and potential for adverse effects. review the proposed project activities that might be associated with or impact the structures.There are three options available under this activity: 2.5.3 Miscellaneous Structures (No activities apply) (No activities apply) (No activities apply) The treatment of miscellaneous structures like crane pad foundations,railroad features, pump house relics,or non- transportation structures that may occur within the 10'-0" archaeological clear zone are not included in this PA.If the SOI Professional determines that they are present within the area of potential effects,then the undertaking and the miscellaneous structure shall be evaluated per the regular Section 106 process(36 CFR 800.3 to 800.6). (End of Chapter) DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 2 Environs January 2,2025 Chapter 3 Roadway Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activities with No Adverse Effect Activities with No Adverse Effect Activities with No Adverse Effect approval and not covered by Requiring No Further Review and Requiring Application of and Requiring Application of Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Guidance in the Best Practices Guidance in the Best Practices Manual Manual and Approval of an SOI Qualified Professional 3.1 Roadway Surface/Wearing Surface 3.1.1 Roadway Wearing Surface and Paving Concrete Replacement of wearing Repair of existing concrete Permanent repair or All activities judged in Tier 3 surface to match existing. deck or wearing surface to replacement of wearing surface by SOI Qualified Professional match existing. with material dissimilar to to have potential for adverse Temporary patch using existing effects. material dissimilar to existing provided longer term patch using material to match existing is completed within 90 days of initial work. Asphaltic Concrete(AC) AC patch of existing wearing Repair or replacement of Replacement of wearing All activities judged in Tier 3 surface. wearing surface with AC surface with material dissimilar by SOI Qualified Professional AC patch on an AC paved matching the existing. to existing. to have potential for adverse roadway. effect. Steel Grid Welded repair of fatigue Replacing existing grating with Modification to existing or All activities judged in Tier 3 cracks in existing grid. new or similar design and replacement of existing wearing by SOI Qualified Professional In-kind replacement of a small material properties. surface to enhance performance.to have potential for adverse section of the existing grid. Replacement of existing effect. wearing surface with dissimilar material or design. Wood Replacement of timber planks. (No activities apply) Replacement of existing All activities judged in Tier 3 Replacement of existing timber wearing surface with dissimilar by SOI Qualified Professional wearing surface with new material. to have potential for adverse boards matching the existing effect. dimensions and species. 3.1.2 Surface Sealing Concrete (No activities apply) Application of sealer to Application of sealer to All activities judged in Tier 3 existing wearing surface when existing wearing surface when by SOI Qualified Professional sealer is clear or impregnating sealer darkens,discolors,or to have potential for adverse with no darkening or alters the color of the existing effect. discoloration to existing surface. Asphaltic Concrete(AC)* Application of sealer to Application of sealer to (No activities apply) (No activities apply) existing AC wearing surface existing AC wearing surface showing little or no signs of showing signs of cracking or cracking or voids. voids. Wood Deck Routine reapplication of water Application of sealer to Application of sealer when All activities judged in Tier 3 repellant sealer over existing existing wood deck surface sealer causes changes to the by SOI Qualified Professional applications of the same when sealer is a clear or color of the existing wood to have potential for adverse composition and color impregnating coating with no or wearing surface. effect. matching. only minor darkening and no discoloration. 3.1.3 Surface Drainage Cleaning Clearing debris from roadway Clearing debris from roadway Modifying existing wearing All activities judged in Tier 3 surfaces using non-invasive surfaces using compressed air surface to facilitate better by SOI Qualified Professional methods. or pressurized water. drainage. to have potential for adverse Sweeping off the bridge deck. Replacement of existing effect. wearing surface to facilitate better drainage.Also refer to Chapter 3 for wearing surface information. DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 3 Roadway January 2,2025 Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activities with No Adverse Effect Activities with No Adverse Effect Activities with No Adverse Effect approval and not covered by Requiring No Further Review and Requiring Application of and Requiring Application of Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Guidance in the Best Practices Guidance in the Best Practices Manual Manual and Approval of an SOI Qualified Professional Drainage Pathways Clearing debris from scuppers Use of approved mechanical Modifying existing drain lines All activities judged in Tier 3 and drain lines using non- devices to open clogged drain on the bridge structure. by SOI Qualified Professional invasive methods. lines. Installation of new drainage to have potential for adverse Maintenance of existing lines. effect. drainage lines. 3.1.4 Wearing Surface Loading Concrete Wearing Surface Removal of non-original Adding a new wearing surface Adding a new wearing surface All activities judged in Tier 3 Loading wearing surfaces layered on top over an existing of the same of dissimilar material. by SOI Qualified Professional of a historic bridge's original material. to have potential for adverse concrete wearing surface or the effect. original concrete wearing surface. In-kind replacement of an existing concrete wearing surface. Asphaltic Concrete(AC)Wearing Removal of non-original Adding a new AC wearing Adding a new wearing surface All activities judged in Tier 3 Surface Loading wearing surfaces layered on top surface over an existing of the of dissimilar material. by SOI Qualified Professional of a historic bridge's original same material. to have potential for adverse wearing surface or the original effect. deck. In-kind replacement of an existing AC wearing surface. DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 3 Roadway January 2,2025 Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activities with No Adverse Effect Activities with No Adverse Effect Activities with No Adverse Effect approval and not covered by Requiring No Further Review and Requiring Application of and Requiring Application of Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Guidance in the Best Practices Guidance in the Best Practices Manual Manual and Approval of an SOI Qualified Professional 3.2 Railings and Parapets 3.2.1 Bridge Railing and Parapet Repairs Stone (No activities apply) Repair or replacement of Repair or replacement of All activities judged in Tier 3 dislodged individual stones with missing or deteriorated stones by SOI Qualified Professional same(existing)material. with new material matching to have potential for adverse Repointing using mortar existing,when the previously effect. matching existing existing material cannot be characteristics of type,color, found or used. strength,and tooling. Repointing using mortar dissimilar to existing characteristics of type,color, strength,and tooling. Concrete (No activities apply) Spall repairs that put back the Repair or replacement of All activities judged in Tier 3 original shape,figure,and decorative end treatments or by SOI Qualified Professional texture to the concrete railing balusters of historic concrete to have potential for adverse are allowed.(Refer to Chapter railings. effect. 1.3 for concrete repairs). Additions or changes to the look and/or design of the railing that differs from the original railing. Metal (No activities apply) Repair and replacement of in- Repair or replacement of All activities judged in Tier 3 kind metal railing components historic metal railings having by SOI Qualified Professional and connection hardware; dissimilar material,finish, to have potential for adverse provided the dimensions and dimensions,attachment effect. finish match the existing(Refer methods or locations. to Chapter 1.4 for metal Additions or changes to the repairs). look and/or design of the railing that differs from the original railing. Wood (No activities apply) Damaged or deteriorated wood Repair or Replacement of All activities judged in Tier 3 railing components may be deteriorated wood members by SOI Qualified Professional replaced in-kind provided the with members of different to have potential for adverse dimensions and finish match the material,dimensions,species, effect. existing(Refer to Chapter 1.5 or finish. for wood repairs). Additions or changes to the look and/or design of the railing that differs from the original railing. 3.2.2 Bridge Railing Upgrades (No activities apply) (No activities apply) Replacement or modification All activities judged in Tier 3 of existing barriers or railings to by SOI Qualified Professional meet current safety standards, to have potential for adverse maintaining the historic effect. integrity of the existing. 3.2.3 Plaques and Inscriptions (No activities apply) Cleaning and repairing Altering,moving,obscuring, All activities judged in Tier 3 existing plaques and replicating existing impressions.by SOI Qualified Professional inscriptions.(Refer to Chapter 1 Adding new writing. to have potential for adverse for additional information on effects. cleaning various materials). 3.2.4 Attaching Approach Guardrails DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 3 Roadway January 2,2025 Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activities with No Adverse Effect Activities with No Adverse Effect Activities with No Adverse Effect approval and not covered by Requiring No Further Review and Requiring Application of and Requiring Application of Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Guidance in the Best Practices Guidance in the Best Practices Manual Manual and Approval of an SOI Qualified Professional (No activities apply) In-kind repairs or replacement Replacement of approach All activities judged in Tier 3 of existing guardrails and guardrail connections to meet by SOI Qualified Professional connections at the current safety standards to have potential for adverse parapet/railing ends. (upgrades). effect. Attaching approach guardrails to the bridge parapet/railing when not previously attached. 3.3 Sidewalks 3.3.1 Raised Sidewalks and Accessibility (No activities apply) Maintenance or repair of Maintenance or repair of All activities judged in Tier 3 existing materials,including existing materials,including by SOI Qualified Professional spalling,deterioration,or spalling,deterioration,or to have potential for adverse section loss with in-kind section loss with dissimilar effect. materials and finishes. (Refer materials and finishes. to Chapter 1 for additional Pathway modifications to meet information) accessibility standards. (Refer to Chapter 1 for additional information) 3.3.2 Sidewalks Level with Roadway (No activities apply) Maintenance or repair of Modifications to existing or All activities judged in Tier 3 existing materials,including installation of new pedestrian by SOI Qualified Professional spalling,deterioration,or pathways. to have potential for adverse section loss with in-kind effect. materials and finishes. (Refer to Chapter 1 for additional information) 3.4 Traffic Control 3.3.1 Traffic Control Lights Repair or replacement of (No activities apply) Replacement of fixtures or All activities judged in Tier 3 fixture components in-kind components with dissimilar by SOI Qualified Professional appearance or look than the to have potential for adverse original. effects. Adding new fixtures where none exist.Methods of attachment must not leave permanent marks on existing bridge. (End of Chapter) DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 3 Roadway January 2,2025 Chapter 4 Testing Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activity may proceed. Activity requiring application of Activity requiring application of approval and not covered by guidance in the Best Practices guidance in the Best Practices Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Manual to achieve an outcome Manual and review by a Qualified having no adverse effect. Profesional to achieve an outcome having no adverse effect. 4.1 Site 4.1.1 Site Disturbance All work within the bridge 10'-0" (No activities apply) (No activities apply) All work outside of the 10'-0" Archaeological Clear Zone. archaeological clear zone. 4.1.2 Geotechnical Boring Work within the 10'-0" Drilling through the bridge deck All geotechnical activities outside (No activities apply) Archaeological clear Zone. or removing areas of the existing of the 10'-0"archaeological clear deck for access to the ground zone. beneath the bridge.Must also be within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone.(Refer to Chapter 1 for concrete re.air 4.2 In-Situ Material Strength Analysis 4.2.1 Reinforced Concrete Installation of temporary sensors. (No activities apply) (No activities apply) (No activities apply) (Refer to Chapter 1) 4.2.2 Structural Steel Installation of temporary sensors. (No activities apply) (No activities apply) (No activities apply) (Refer to Chapter 1) 4.2.3 Wood Installation of temporary sensors. (No activities apply) (No activities apply) (No activities apply) (Refer to Chapter 1) 4.3 Material Sampling and Testing 4.3.1 Masonry All non-destructive methods Removal of a section of grout for Remove a portion of the stone (No activities apply) testing can be prerformed as long unit or masonry unit for strength as the grout is replaced with in- and material verification. kind material. 4.3.2 Concrete All Non-Destructive Testing Core drilling for concrete strength Core drilling for concrete strength (No activities apply) Methods including: and reinforcing verification,IN and reinforcing verification,in non- Impact Acoustic Testing HIDDEN OR OBSCURED obscured or hidden locations(i.e., Compression Testing LOCATIONS. concrete railings,architectural end Chloride Ion Testing treatments). Infrared Thermography Carbonation Testing Petrographic Analysis Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) Corrosion Potential Survey(Half Cell) 4.3.3 Structural Steel All non-destructive steel testing Removal of steel coupon samples, Removal of steel coupon samples, (No activities apply) methods including: IN HIDDEN OR OBSCURED in non-obscured or hidden Spark Testing LOCATIONS. locations. Hardness Testing Portable Thickness Gauge Testing Ultrasonic Testing(UT) Dye Penetrant Testing(DPT) Magnetic Particle Testing(MP) 4.3.4 Wood All non-destructive wood testing Removal of timber coupon Removal of timber coupon (No activities apply) methods including: samples,IN HIDDEN OR samples,in non-obscured or hidden Pick Penetration testing OBSCURED LOCATIONS. locations. Increment Borer(Pencil Core) Resistance Drill (End of Chapter) DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 4 Testing January 2,2025 Chapter 5 Finishes Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activity may proceed. Activity requiring application of Activity requiring application of approval and not covered by guidance in the Best Practices guidance in the Best Practices Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Manual to achieve an outcome Manual and review by a Qualified having no adverse effect. Profesional to achieve an outcome having no adverse effect. 5.1 Painted or Sealed Surface Preservation:Cleaning,Removal,and Surface Preparation 5.1.1 Cleaning of Painted Surfaces (No activities) Use of very-low to low-pressure Use of medium to high-pressure All activities judged in Tier 3 by water spray(see definitions in sprayer(see definitions in Chapter SOI Qualified Professional to have Chapter 1). 1). potential for adverse effects. Use of soft bristle brushes on Use of chemicals to clean or masonry surfaces. remove failing coatings. Use of detergents that leave no Use of abrasive cleaning media on residue. structural steel. Use of non-abrasive surface preparation that leaves no residue. 5.1.2 Paint Removal (No activities apply) Use of very-low to low-pressure Use of high-pressure sprayers. All activities judged in Tier 3 by water spray(see definitions in Use of chemicals to remove SOI Qualified Professional to have Chapter 1). coatings. potential for adverse effects. Use of soft bristle brushes on Use of abrasive cleaning media on masonry surfaces. structural steel. Use of detergents that leave no residue.Use of paint strippers that leave no residue. 5.1.3 Graffiti Removal and Anti-Graffiti Coatings (No activities apply) Use of low-pressure water spray Use of medium to high-pressure All activities judged in Tier 3 by (see definitions in Chapter 1). sprayer. SOI Qualified Professional to have Use of soft bristle brushes on Use of chemicals to clean or potential for adverse effects. masonry surfaces. remove failing coatings. Use of non-ionic detergents that Use of abrasive cleaning media on leave no residue. structural steel. Use of paint strippers that leave Application of anti-graffiti no residue. coatings. 5.2 Paint and Coatings 5.2.1 Concrete Touch-up of existing painted (No activities apply) Application of paint to previously All activities judged in Tier 3 by surfaces,matching existing color unpainted surfaces. SOI Qualified Professional to have and sheen. Application of film-forming or potential for adverse effects. penetrating sealers. Applicaiton of non-matching paint colors or products. 5.2.2 Masonry Touch-up of existing painted Maintenance of previously sealed Application of paint to previously All activities judged in Tier 3 by surfaces,matching existing color. surfaces,matching existing sealer unpainted surfaces. SOI Qualified Professional to have color and product. Application of film-forming or potential for adverse effects. penetrating sealers. Applicaiton of non-matching paint colors or products. 5.2.3 Steel Touch-up of existing painted Complete repainting of Application of paint to previously All activities judged in Tier 3 by surfaces,matching existing color previously painted surfaces, unpainted surfaces. SOI Qualified Professional to have and sheen. matching existing color and Application of film-forming potential for adverse effects. Cold galvanizing touch-up of product. sealers. existing galvanized surfaces. Re-galvanizing steel members. Application of non-matching Includes hot-dipped and cold paint colors or products. galvanizing methods. Applying galvanization to a historically ungalvanized or uncoated surface. DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 5 Finishes January 2,2025 Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activity may proceed. Activity requiring application of Activity requiring application of approval and not covered by guidance in the Best Practices guidance in the Best Practices Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Manual to achieve an outcome Manual and review by a Qualified having no adverse effect. Profesional to achieve an outcome having no adverse effect. 5.2.4 Wood Touch-up of existing painted Application of water repellant Application of paint to previously All activities judged in Tier 3 by surfaces,matching existing color sealer. unpainted surfaces. SOI Qualified Professional to have and sheen. Repainting of previously painted Application of film-forming potential for adverse effects. surfaces,matching existing paint sealers. color and product. Applicaiton of non-matching paint colors or products. 5.3 Veneer Repair WEI 5.3.1 Stone Masonry Veneer Repair (No activities apply) Repair or re-placement of Repair or replacement of missing All activities judged in Tier 3 by dislodged individual stones with or deteriorated stones with new SOI Qualified Professional to have same material. material matching existing. potential for adverse effects. Repointing using mortar matching Repointing using mortar existing characteristics of type, dissimilar to existing color,strength,and tooling. characteristics of type,color, strength,and tooling. (End of Chapter) DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 5 Finishes January 2,2025 Chapter 6 Miscellaneous Tier 1: Tier 2: Tier 3: Activities requiring additional Activity may proceed. Activity requiring application of Activity requiring application of approval and not covered by guidance in the Best Practices guidance in the Best Practices Historic Bridge Minor Project PA. Manual to achieve an outcome Manual and review by a Qualified having no adverse effect. Profesional to achieve an outcome having no adverse effect. MirtEM 1111 ILII LII 1191111 6.1.1 Lighting Fixtures Repair or replace the existing (No activities apply) Replace fixtures or components All activities judged in Tier 3 by fixture and its components in-kind. with non-matching fittings. SOI Qualified Professional to have Adding new fixtures where none potential for adverse effects. exist. Methods of attachment must not leave permanent marks on existing bridge. 6.1.2 Navigation Lights Repair or replace the existing (No activities apply) Replace fixtures or components All activities judged in Tier 3 by fixture and its components in-kind. with dissimilar fittings. SOI Qualified Professional to have Adding new fixtures where none potential for adverse effects. exist.Methods of attachment must not leave permanent marks on the existing bridge. 6.1.3 Conduits and Utility Boxes Repair or replacement of exposed (No activities apply) Installation of new utility conduits All activities judged in Tier 3 by conduits and boxes in-kind,finish or boxes. SOI Qualified Professional to have to match existing. potential for adverse effects. 6.2 Signage 6.2.1 Freestanding Signage Repair or replace existing signage Adding new signage within the Adding new signage OUTSIDE of All activities judged in Tier 3 by on the bridge or within the 10'-0" 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone the 10'-0"Archaeological Clear SOI Qualified Professional to have Archaeological Clear Zone in a in a way that does not alter the Zone and within the State or potential for adverse effects. way that does not alter the existing existing bridge. County ROW. bridge. 6.2.2 Attached Signage and Graphics Repair or replace existing signage Adding new high water Adding new signage to the bridge All activities judged in Tier 3 by that is already attached to the marker/placards to the substructure in a way that does not alter the SOI Qualified Professional to have bridge and in a way that does not units in a way that does not alter existing bridge,and the potential for adverse effects. alter the existing bridge. the existing bridge. connections are reversible. 6.2.3 Plaques and Inscriptions Cleaning existing signage with Replacing an exiting plaque with Altering,moving,obscuring, All activities judged in Tier 3 by brushes and/or power washing an in-kind replacement of the same replicating existing plaques and SOI Qualified Professional to have equipment and/or cleaning material and connection hardware inscriptions. potential for adverse effects. products. and in the same location. Addition of new plaques. Repairing an inscription that has been damaged. (Refer to Chapter 2 for additional guidance) 6.3 Sensors and Monitoring Devices III u 6.3.1 Sensors and Monitoring Devices Repair or replace fixture (No activities apply) Replace fixtures or components All activities judged in Tier 3 by components in-kind. with non-matching fittings. SOI Qualified Professional to have Add new fixtures where none potential for adverse effects. exist. Methods of attachment must not leave permanent marks on the existing bridge. (End of Chapter) DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix A-Tiered Activities Section 6 Misc January 2,2025 Appendix B Best Practices Manual FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program January 2, 2025 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM BEST PRACTICES MANUAL 'u.4 ° ,. *. 4 a� ..,TT++ �•*' sX .a a c� arm I -.:7.t.,..} f , :4.....-=.,, . _ Ate" ar 5 ,.a(M �', dk, . — .',fir ',Iikt. , ° k. ,�'€' lipr,.......t ....... .:,..n..:....,..a.,.-.., -7-....;,:,...„;7'.,.....,,,,'.,7,0- ..:., ::,.... .,. .,,...,...,_..,..,.„,„.„. -,::.,... .,..„,,, ..0..,:.. ... . ....,..., . ••' ,..:.'.'•,..:.,-',"'' 1:-.,...7• ,.....,,.14:„.,1404,4 - . .....:::1:`.:(#,ji: 1:...-...- .'% . ,, '. .v.., ."': .:.--..i....:;..., .' ,.-: L $ n• 4%,.,,oit.qt.''."44, :-- .,.•- i'7 % ,iiic• ..b, .F" k '"r,'.•1. 31 y )`.• S7� Z.'rtw R Y '* u t a 3 StS911 „Wa 1 9r'd .,'"' s. C Yy ..,b.....1 DRAFT FINAL January 2, 2025 Prepared for: State of Hawaii Prepared by: Department of Transportation 'ANA 4L-Ionst)r pr TilAwkrzn 41 i 1 W Q a x 111 \ I LI; lif .-I \ I 11 I \ ( .. Table of Contents Introduction 1 Statement of Purpose 1 Organization of the Best Practices Manual 2 CHAPTER 1.0 Structures 1.1.0 Background 8 1.1.1 Temporary Structures 8 CHAPTER 1.2 Stone Masonry 1.2.0 Background 10 1.2.1 Cleaning 10 1.2.2 Stone Masonry Repairs 12 1.2.3 Mortar and Repointing 13 1.2.4 Paint, Coating, and Paint Removal 14 CHAPTER 1.3 Concrete 1.3.0 Background 15 1.3.1 Concrete Cleaning. 15 1.3.2 Concrete Spall Repairs 16 1.3.3 Concrete Crack Repairs 19 1.3.4 Cathodic Protection(CP) 19 1.3.5 Fiber-Reinforced Polymer(FRP) 20 CHAPTER 1.4 Metals 1.4.0 Background 21 1.4.1 Steel Cleaning 21 1.4.2 Welded and Bolted Repairs 23 1.4.3 Member Replacement and Repair 24 1.4.4 Rivet and Bolted Connections 26 1.4.5 Supplemental Structural Members 27 CHAPTER 1.5 Wood 1.5.0 Background 29 1.5.1 Cleaning 29 DRAFT FINAL Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual i January 2, 2025 1.5.2 Repair and Replace Wooden Members In-Kind 30 1.5.3 Supplemental Structural Members 31 CHAPTER 1.6 Expansion Joints 1.6.0 Background 32 1.6.1 Maintenance, Repair, and Retrofit 32 CHAPTER 2.0 Vegetation Removal 2.1.0 Background 33 2.1.1 Vegetation on or Within Structures 33 2.1.2 Vegetation Adjacent to Structures 34 CHAPTER 2.2 Waterway and Scour Protection 2.2.0 Background 35 2.2.1 Temporary Stream Diversion 35 2.2.2 Channel Lining and Scour Protection 36 2.2.3 Micropile Installation 38 CHAPTER 2.3 Laydown Area 2.3.0 Background 39 CHAPTER 2.4 Utility Maintenance 2.4.0 Background 40 2.4.1 Underground Utilities 40 2.4.2 Utilities Attached to Bridge 41 CHAPTER 2.5 Remnant Structures 2.5.0 Background 42 2.5.1 Old Abutments, Piers, and Retaining Walls 42 2.5.2 Flume or Irrigation Structure 43 2.5.3 Miscellaneous Structures 43 CHAPTER 3.0 Roadway 3.1.0 Background 44 3.1.1 Bridge Wearing Surface and Paving 44 3.1.2 Surface Sealing 47 3.1.3 Surface Drainage 49 3.1.4 Wearing Surface Loading 51 DRAFT FINAL Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual ii January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 3.2 Railings and Parapets 3.2.0 Background 54 3.2.1 Bridge Railing and Parapet Repairs 54 3.2.2 Bridge Railing Upgrades 57 3.2.3 Plaques and Inscriptions 57 3.2.4 Attaching Approach Guardrails 58 CHAPTER 3.3 Sidewalks 3.3.0 Background 60 3.3.1 Raised Sidewalks and Accessibility 60 3.3.2 Sidewalks Level with Roadway 60 CHAPTER 3.4 Traffic Control 3.4.0 Background 62 3.4.1 Traffic Control Lights 62 CHAPTER 4.0 Testing 4.1.0 Background 63 4.1.1 Site Disturbance 63 4.1.2 Geotechnical Boring 63 CHAPTER 4.2 In-Situ Material Strength Analysis 4.2.0 Background 65 4.2.1 Reinforced Concrete 65 4.2.2 Structural Steel 65 4.2.3 Wood 65 CHAPTER 4.3 Material Sampling and Testing 4.3.0 Background 66 4.3.1 Material Sampling and Testing 67 CHAPTER 5.0 FINISHES 5.1.0 Background 71 5.1.1 Cleaning of Painted Surfaces 71 5.1.2 Paint Removal 72 5.1.3 Graffiti Removal and Anti-Graffiti Coatings 73 DRAFT FINAL Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual iii January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 5.2 PAINT AND COATINGS 5.2.0 Background 75 5.2.1 Concrete 75 5.2.2 Masonry 75 5.2.3 Steel 76 5.2.4 Wood 77 CHAPTER 5.3 VENEER REPAIR 5.3.0 Background 78 5.3.1 Stone Masonry Veneer Repair 78 CHAPTER 6.0 MISCELLANEOUS 6.0 Background 79 6.1.0 Lighting 79 6.1.1 Lighting Fixtures 79 6.1.2 Navigation Lights 80 6.1.3 Conduits and Utility Boxes 80 CHAPTER 6.2 SIGNAGE 6.2.0 Background 81 6.2.1 Freestanding Signage 81 6.2.2 Attached Signage and Graphics 82 6.2.3 Plaques and Inscriptions 82 CHAPTER 6.3 SENSORS AND MONITORING DEVICES 6.3.0 Background 84 6.3.1 Sensors and Monitoring Devices 84 ACRONYMS 85 GLOSSARY 86 DRAFT FINAL Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual iv January 2, 2025 List of Figures Figure 1: Archaeological Clear Zone—Plan View 5 Figure 2: Archaeological Clear Zone—Elevation View 6 Figure 3: Agreement and Manual Flow Chart 7 Figure 4: Common Bridge Elements 8 Figure 5: Stone Masonry Abutment or CRM(Concrete Rubble Masonry)Abutment 10 Figure 6: Cracked and Missing Mortar 13 Figure 7: Spall Defect on Underdeck/Soffit 17 Figure 8: Spall Defect on Concrete Girder 17 Figure 9: Concrete Finish and Texture Matching 18 Figure 10: Carbon Fiber Wrap on Deck Underside 20 Figure 11: Replacement of Secondary Cross-Bracing Members 24 Figure 12: Cleaned and Repaired Steel Gusset Plate 25 Figure 13: Typical Riveted Connections 26 Figure 14: Replaced Timber Deck Planks (on an Attached Sidewalk) 30 Figure 15: Debris in Expansion Joints 32 Figure 16: Vegetation Growth Covering the Bridge 33 Figure 17: Vegetation Growing on a Masonry Structure 33 Figure 18: Timber Debris Blocking Channel 35 Figure 19: Significant Scour/Undermining at an Abutment. 35 Figure 20: Stream Diversion 36 Figure 21: Concrete Lined Channel 36 Figure 22: Riprap Protection 36 Figure 23: Undermining Sketch of a Bridge 37 Figure 24: Heavily Scoured Foundation Condition 38 Figure 25: Structural/Scour Protection Repair 38 Figure 26: Broken Utility Conduit Attached to a Bridge 41 Figure 27: Pothole in AC Wearing Surface and Cracks in the Concrete Deck 44 Figure 28: Significant Deterioration in AC Wearing Surface 45 Figure 29: Missing Steel Deck Grating Cross Bars 46 DRAFT FINAL Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual v January 2, 2025 Figure 30: Typical Timber Deck Planks 47 Figure 31: Timber Deck and Timber Planks 49 Figure 32: Ponding Water on the Deck 50 Figure 33: Excessive AC Build Up 52 Figure 34: Historic Bridge Railing 54 Figure 35: Decorative End Treatments of a Historic Bridge 55 Figure 36: Timber Railing of an Historic Bridge 56 Figure 37: Historic Bridge Railing Upgrade 57 Figure 38: Approach Guardrail Attachment to Railings 59 Figure 39: Geotechnical Boring in a Stream 63 Figure 40: Geotechnical Boring Through Bridge Deck 64 Figure 41: Allowable Compressive Stresses for Masonry 66 Figure 42: Core Drilling Bridge Deck,Note the Reinforcing Markings from GPR Survey 67 Figure 43: Allowable Steel Stresses in Concrete 68 Figure 44:Allowable Unit Stresses for Concrete 68 Figure 45: Minimum Structural Steel Properties by Year of Construction 69 Figure 46: Bridge Graffiti 74 Figure 47: Broken Navigation Light 80 Figure 48: Weight Limit and Hazard Marker Signs 81 Figure 49: High-water marker/placard 82 DRAFT FINAL Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual vi January 2, 2025 Introduction This Best Practices Manual (Manual) is a reference for project managers and qualified cultural resources professionals (Secretary of Interior's (SOI) Qualified Professionals)undertaking or reviewing maintenance, repair,and minor rehabilitation activities associated with historic bridges in Hawai'i and seeking a"no adverse effect"determination for their project under the terms of Section 106 Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program (Agreement) and its accompanying attachments including the Historic Bridge List and Compliance Form. The Manual is to be used by personnel who have received training in the implementation of the Agreement and have a certification showing they passed the course. The Manual is a reference tool to ensure compliance with SOI Standards and Guidelines as they relate to historic bridges in Hawai'i. The Manual is designed to assist Certified HDOT Project Managers and SOI Qualified Professionals in following the Agreement's process (see the flow chart below)and answer the following questions: ➢ Is the proposed maintenance or minor rehabilitation activity covered by the Agreement? ➢ If covered, does the activity fall into Tiers 1, 2 or 3? ➢ What are the best practices and specific technical requirements for implementing the activity so that it meets the conditions of the Agreement and achieves a"no adverse effect" Section 106 determination? All users of the Manual are reminded that the Agreement is intended to fulfill specific legal requirements of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act(36 C.F.R. § 800)for projects receiving federal funds or permits. A parallel agreement exists to cover activities regulated under Chapter 6E of the Hawai`i Revised Statutes (see Attachment 3). Statement of Purpose The Agreement is a process by which the Federal Highway Administration(FHWA)meets,with the assistance of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE),Hawaii Department of Transportation (HDOT), State of Hawaii Historic Preservation Division(SHPD), and the Counties,its responsibilities for historic bridges in Hawai'i that: (1) achieve safe and efficient transportation operations; (2) avoid adverse effects on historic bridges; and (3)make efficient use of federal aid in historic bridge maintenance, repair and minor rehabilitation by developing a Section 106 process that: (a) simplifies procedural requirements, and (b) reduces the project-by-project review role of HDOT and SHPD. The goal is to streamline the Section 106 review process and regularize it to facilitate the use of federal aid for a certain set of activities, defined by the Agreement as Tier 1,2 and 3 activities. The Agreement applies to structures listed on the Historic Bridge List,which is an attachment to the Agreement. Certified HDOT Project Managers must refer to the Historic Bridge List to determine if a bridge qualifies for use of the Agreement and this Manual. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 1 January 2, 2025 The FHWA,HDOT and SHPD have agreed to allow the tiered activities to proceed as "no adverse effect" projects with the condition that all activities follow the requirements and guidance of the Agreement and this Manual. The Agreement addresses a range of historic bridge maintenance,repair, and minor rehabilitation activities (i.e.,undertakings). The Manual outlines general design and technical recommendations to assist in applying the SOI Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties (SOI Standards). Together, the Agreement,Historic Bridge List, Best Practices Manual and Project Compliance Form provide a framework and guidance for decision-making for repair,maintenance and minor rehabilitation of the historic bridges and their historic character-defining features. The Agreement and Best Practices Manual do not address major rehabilitation or replacement projects. Any project that incorporates an activity not identified specifically as Tier 1, 2 or 3 or involving ground disturbances beyond a strict 10 foot archaeological clear zone (as measured from the bridge's superstructure and substructure) does not qualify for use of the Agreement and must follow the full Section 106 and/or 6E review processes. Organization of the Best Practices Manual The Manual is organized into six chapters by types of common maintenance, repair, and minor rehabilitation activities covered by the Agreement. Chapter 1 covers structural maintenance, repairs, and minor rehabilitation activities including temporary structures;masonry, concrete, steel and wood cleaning and repair; and expansion joints. Chapter 2 addresses activities in the bridge environs including vegetation removal,waterways maintenance and scour protection, laydown areas and utility maintenance. Chapter 3 addresses bridge roadways including wearing surface repairs and sealing, roadway drainage, railing repairs and minor rehabilitation, and minor sidewalk and traffic control repairs or improvements. Chapter 4 covers testing methodologies and techniques that are non-destructive or minimally invasive that are used to gather data necessary for assessing existing conditions. Chapter 5 addresses finishes including removal of graffiti,painting, and veneer repairs. Chapter 6 covers miscellaneous items that may be attached to a historic bridge including lighting, signage, and sensors/monitors. Throughout the Manual, activities that are covered by the Agreement are classified as Tiers 1, 2 or 3. When necessary, specific guidance is provided for when certain activities exceed the limits of what is acceptable under the Agreement and are not covered.A matrix summary table is provided for ease of reference (Appendix A). FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 2 January 2, 2025 As a reminder,the Tier 1, 2, 3, and the 10-foot Archaeological Clear Zone definitions are as follows: ➢ Tier 1 activities have no potential to cause adverse effects and may be approved by the Certified Project Manager using the Compliance Form and proceed. ➢ Tier 2 activities have no potential to cause adverse effects conditioned upon the activity following the guidance in the Manual and may be approved by the Certified Project Manager using the Compliance Form and may proceed. ➢ Tier 3 activities have no potential to cause adverse effects conditioned upon authorization by the Certified Project Manager AND an SOI Qualified Professional. Tier 3 project may proceed only after both the Certified Project Manager and SOI Qualified Professional sign the Compliance Form. ➢ 10-foot Archaeological Clear Zone is a strict zone,as measured from the edge of the superstructure and substructure of the existing historic bridge or structure(s)in which Tiered Activities are permitted. The clear zone extends 10 ft in all directions from the face of the in- service and abandoned(if any) foundations. If there are abandoned bridge foundations left in place from a previous/replaced bridge,these shall also be included in the 10-foot clear zone areas. Note that the abandoned/older foundations could be considered historic resources and care shall be taken not to disturb them. The 10-foot clear zone also includes the area under the bridge spans and extends 10-feet away from the bridge fascia. The 10-foot clear zone was established under the assumption that these areas would have been disturbed during the original construction/erection of the bridge;therefore, it is unlikely to have cultural resources within 10 feet of the structure. By referencing the Manual,implementing its treatments and following the step-by-step instruction of the Compliance Form, Certified Project Managers and SOI Qualified Professionals will be ensuring that FHWA, USACE,HDOT,the Counties, and SHPD remain in compliance with federal and state historic preservation laws. Following the Manual assists the transportation agencies with their responsibilities in ensuring the safety of bridges and actively managing the public's investment in transportation infrastructure,while meeting historic preservation goals of avoiding activities that cause permanent damage to historic bridge features. Many of the tiered activities are "common sense"treatments that extend the life of a bridge and prevent acceleration of deterioration. These treatments are compatible with transportation and historic preservation goals, offering a"win-win" scenario. It is important to preserve and maintain historic bridges because they provide a window into the past and help tell the story of Hawai'i's history and development. They are physical examples of the progress and development of engineering, architecture, art,technology, and culture. Unlike written texts or photographs,historic bridges are living history. Bridges are key components of the Hawai'i roadway FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 3 January 2, 2025 network. They provide crucial access between regions and cities, linking workers to jobs,goods to markets, and people to essential services. It should be noted that this Agreement does not fulfill other federal or state permitting requirements. This Agreement addresses Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act(36 C.F.R. §800)for projects receiving FHWA funds or USACE permits and meeting the conditions of the Agreement for specific Tier 1-3 activities at historic bridges. Due diligence regarding obtaining other federal and state permits shall be conducted as required. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 4 January 2, 2025 1. 9 14 '• ` A .....C.:''''''''''...--! 11 tic f' C &��,`.; .0 Y^/''\ y. ci n t,.. ,-,..-.:->. ,h a� i r ' ,tm - §r u $_6 � >, q4. 1 !. -,:3,----' y S II RI ,. A . -_ AVIS G '.T vF `1- .x < 5x " r ;k _ . .� _ n idacay e.1 ---,C.:: r a rr 1 • 4. -r _ g A. 1• 1 ' ut sy • E I1 — 3E :� is 1 ,- ap.j: " Sj r b r ,i i -± r JYY BJ "ii ?f uraFT J .. r / --- - ;Lil'c't �yf 7 r „.;, 1y ` .. ir' x a-, a v te � yr,qA' r, . % y�• _ S- ~r ...::;:::"/?.......4 v mt01 - _ I t,74144: M1 ' ii V fel9 _ -r_VX1pF 4 I y VVV Figure 1:Archaeological Clear Zone—Plan View FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 5 January 2, 2025 hr ��". L ai n b" s 4, ' � „ : } x a4 -, bi ,ski Wit w p n [ Ld ,,I Z h n 9. di i, L. L.u I, 1, S\ i 76 y o '-,•':) �V _k vA yl ,� ,C1�5r....:-.',I-7, . ill � }ti � a LA in.., ' fel I ,4_ I• nd.. v Y —'ovr��` I a Jr 11 L 1 k .1 C .3 d1 W H_ �x h b • s ,� —I,.,.%,-.";,,- ---- - -— .0 1 .. 1,, d g j R r 4 f � V Iq .To 'I 1 • �:tori. b+ N a � ` .Fr x1 I ,1 ` II M,, _ M. a • � I; j �'. `ie* f w a,,e r--��� RJ 0, Vie. , 1,_ .'a�;y d' 4. ' y ' € a � II y I e S k o C! &° Figure 2:Archaeological Clear Zone—Elevation View FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 6 January 2, 2025 FI'AWAal HISTQ8IC BM iE PF OC,RAM 151_ 9ilfl ,It 15FItTi4 k.11lf,' 1114 rvC! YES --NO--b ei NCI YE To I Hsi. E5— 1 4—NO nr L r, YF. l:1 t, NO ir_aFJDGE'+SC 91 Can- '11 nro YES YES 1Ek: �:...o A.CirlY T1:S.WIT-0 r417 071E5 0.1^14. !VO Pf3'ORAL NO POTENTIAL TO CAUSE ro amor. AC9'IWII"IEsMTH ADVERJE ENEMY Ad11E'Rtt EFFECT 060,Pol-t94-rbn C}Npdf"d rIt Fq. caN,Ci110NF,[ TO CAME UPON UPON WARM rfF'ECT 04XLMWI TYlt r"RU IANNO.SOX •WANJAE F'dOFT,$iYYai . YES V FS t 011 r.+rM.F._ -ROI 10101.111.= }80R€rf.1f�Y 01C1 Ar PROJECT IN oufu PACaEbPEA Aa0 ATCC I-141..1110,41,eEIM WrTH50I MANtJAl STAf9pARps *E5 Hi 4 I 'k' Figure 3:Agreement and Manual Flow Chart FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 7 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 1.0 STRUCTURES 1.1.0 Background It is important to maintain and preserve historic bridges because they provide a window into the past and tell the story of Hawai'i, its history, and its development. They are physical examples of the progress and development of engineering, architecture, art,technology, and culture. Unlike written texts or photographs,historic bridges are living history. Bridges are key components of the Hawai'i roadway network,providing crucial access between regions and cities and linking workers to jobs,goods to markets, and people to essential services. The repair methods presented in this Manual represent allowable construction activities that Expsrlsinn Juin Es—�, Approach—. will help to preserve and maintain Hawai'i Rails ➢ � historic bridges and meet the SOI's Standards for Parapets Treatment Treatment of Historic Properties. Together the Agreement,Historic Bridge List, Best Practices Abut/nenl Manual, and Compliance Form provide a rel Bearings framework and guidance for decision-making for �\ 1 _ d°° Girder cornmn repair,maintenance,and minor rehabilitation of - '' the historic bridges and their historic character- defining features. Figure 4: Common Bridge Elements 1.1.1 Temporary Structures Protect all existing historic bridge elements. Temporary structures located within the limits of the historic bridge, or within the 10-ft. limits of the archaeological clear zone for any associated ground disturbing activities,may be necessary to facilitate the repair of historic bridge elements on the structure. Temporary structures include,but are not limited to,bracing,falsework, formwork, centering,mats, scaffolding,temporary shoring, stability towers, strong-backs, counterweights,temporary earthworks, sheeting,cofferdams, and special erection equipment using means and methods that will not permanently or adversely affect the historic bridge or the surrounding environment. Design and construct all temporary structures to provide the necessary rigidity and to support the loads without appreciable settlement or deformation. Where applicable, design and construct temporary structures following the latest editions of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AAHSTO) Guide Design Specifications for Bridge Temporary Works, and AASHTO Construction Handbook for Bridge Temporary Works. If any weakness develops and the temporary structure shows undue settlement or distortion, stop the work and strengthen the temporary structure before resuming. Install and remove temporary structures using means and methods that will not permanently or adversely affect the bridge or the surrounding environment. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 8 January 2, 2025 Temporary bridge bypass,drainage structures, and Best Management Practices (BMP) are not included under temporary structures. Temporary structures requiring ground disturbances and located outside the 10-ft. archaeological clear zones are not covered under this Agreement. Tier 1 Use of temporary structures not secured to the bridge structure. All work inside of the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. Tier 2 Use of temporary structures secured to the bridge structure that leave no permanent marks. All work inside of 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. Tier 3 Use of temporary structures leaving permanent visible marks on the bridge structure. All work inside of 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. Holes that pierce the existing surface or otherwise leave a permanent mark on the historic structure are not allowed unless approved in writing by the SOI Qualified Professional under Tier 3. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 9 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 1.2 STONE MASONRY 1.2.0 Background Because structural masonry construction(including natural stones,cut stones, dry stack stones, and brick) is no longer commonly used, its historical role increases in importance. Masonry materials are susceptible to deterioration over time and require periodic repair and maintenance. Causes of deterioration may differ depending on the environment,the type of stone or brick, and the methods of construction (dry stack or mortar). Care must be taken when addressing masonry issues to note the tooling,bonding patterns, coloration, and coatings, all of which should be matched when repairing historic masonry. Repairs should be made using the original stones or brick whenever possible, and should replicate the original pattern, technique, and finish as closely as possible. Good quality masonry repair work requires unique skills and should be supervised by a master mason experienced in the specific stonework,the shaping and coursing of stones, and in the use and mixture of mortar. Undertake repairs using the least obtrusive means possible,with a plan to disturb the least amount of original material. Avoid unnecessary cleaning, repairs,and replacements. 1.2.1 Cleaning Tier 1 No Activity. Tier 2—Removal of moss, dirt, � :� and loose leaves and branches (also see Chapter 2.1.1). Conduct masonry cleaning only when necessary f �� .. , to avoid hastening deterioration or to remove heavy soiling on the masonry surfaces. It is not dy necessary to completely clean lightly soiled �- qa surfaces, since deep cleaning may remove historic , r u material or otherwise damage the surface. Clean masonry surfaces to remove dirt, oil,grease, Figure 5:Stone Masonry Abutment or CRM(Concrete mold,vegetation, algae, stains, and other foreign Rubble Masonry)Abutment material. Protect all adjacent surfaces (movable and fixed bearings, seismic retrofits,girders, decks, drainage systems, etc.)not intended to be cleaned during the cleaning work. Do not allow materials from the cleaning operation to be dispersed outside the work site. Water for Cleaning: Use water from potable water supplies approved by a public health department. Water from potable supplies approved by a public health department does not require additional testing. Water from open bodies of water or well water shall be tested before use and shall not exceed the limits of Table 1.2-1. Recycled or reclaimed water shall be tested before use and shall not exceed the limits in Table 1.2-2. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 10 January 2, 2025 Table 1.2-1: Open Bodies of Water or Well Water Limits Chemical Test Test Method Maximum (%) Alkalinity Calculated in terms of Calcium Carbonate SM 2320 B 0.05 Total Organic Solids SM 2540 E 0.05 Total Inorganic Solids SM 2540 E 0.08 Total Chlorides as Cl- SM 4500 Cl-B or SM 0.05 4110 B Table 1.2-2: Recycled or Reclaimed Water Limits Chemical Test Test Method Maximum (%) Total Solids SM 2540 B 5.00 Total Chlorides as Cl- SM 4500 Cl-B or SM 0.05 4110 B Total Sulfates as S042- ASTM D516 0.30 Use non-ionic detergents specifically manufactured for use on masonry surfaces and applied per manufacturer's recommendation. Some approved detergents are: ➢ Simple Green ➢ ZEP (Citrus Cleaner) Cleaning historic masonry, stone masonry, and plaster can be done using very low-pressure to low- pressure water(see the table below),mild or non-ionic detergents, and natural bristle or medium-bristle brushes. Clean in a manner that will not damage the masonry surface or mortar joints. The sprayer is used for wetting and rinsing the surface using very low-pressure to low-pressure water. It is not intended to blast soil particles from the surface. Continually move the sprayer nozzle over the surface to be cleaned and do not allow the nozzle to focus energy at one location or spot.Additionally,when using natural bristle or medium-bristle brushes,use strokes in one direction and not aggressively moving back and forth. Definitions (for use with Masonry, Stone Masonry, and Plaster Surfaces): ➢ Very Low-Pressure Spray o Less than 100 psi. ➢ Low-Pressure Spray o Pressure: 100 to 400 psi. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 11 January 2, 2025 o Flow Rate: 4 to 6 gpm. ➢ Medium-Pressure Spray o Pressure: 401 to 800 psi. o Flow Rate: 4 to 6 gpm. ➢ High-Pressure Spray o Pressure: 801 to 1200 psi. o Flow Rate: 4 to 6 gpm. Do not use abrasive means including,but not limited to, sandblasting, other media blasting, or high- pressure water,which can damage the surface of the masonry and mortar joints. Whenever possible, clean a test area first to ensure that no damage is done to the masonry surface or grout. Examine test areas to ensure no damage has resulted and monitor over a sufficient period to allow long-range effects to be predicted. Use water blasting equipment that is specifically manufactured to clean masonry surfaces. Tier 3- Use of chemicals or cleaning agents. If chemicals and/or cleaning agents must be used,they should be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional. Additionally, any potential damage to adjacent areas due to carrying out the work, unforeseen circumstances, and damage outside the scope of this section shall escalate the work to a Tier 3 level and require review by an SOI Qualified Professional. 1.2.2 Stone Masonry Repairs Evaluate the overall condition of the masonry, including uhau humu pohaku (Hawaiian dry stack stones) walls,to identify areas or deterioration, including loose,missing,and dislodged masonry units. Carefully remove loose masonry and dislodged masonry units as close to their original position and orientation to restore the overall shape and look of the wall. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—Repair or re-placement of dislodged individual stones with same material. Clean spalled or delaminated areas with a wire brush, compressed air, or low-pressure to medium- pressure water(see table above). Apply a lining of bedding mortar to the surface of the area to be filled. Carefully reset the masonry units as close to their original location and setting as possible. Place stones so that the natural stratification is parallel to the bedding plane. After cleaning,thoroughly saturate loose or dislodged masonry with clean water prior to resetting as dry masonry can draw moisture from the mortar, causing the mortar to dry out and crack and not bond to the surface of the masonry. Reset masonry without hammering or jarring adjacent masonry already in place. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 12 January 2, 2025 Uhau Humu Pohaku: Repair uhau humu pohaku walls without the use of mortar. Employ a Master Mason specifically trained in uhau humu pohaku techniques with demonstrated experience for the repair work. Reuse dislodged or loose stones when available. Replace missing stones with like stones matching the color and texture of existing stones.When repairing walls,maintain original line, slope, and grade. Match the setting style of the existing layout. Tier 3-Repair or replacement of missing or deteriorated stones with new material matching existing. Repair or replacement of missing or deteriorated stones with new material matching existing,when the previously existing material cannot be found or used. This activity is subject to SOI Qualified Professional review and approval. 1.2.3 Mortar and Repointing It is anticipated that mortar will need r � � to be repointed periodically. Keeping mortar in good repair is an essential . part of extending the life of a ,�� , ► structure. Mortar keeps moisture iww , ; from penetrating between the stones, allows moisture entering masonry to escape, and stops seedlings and roots, which can crack a wall as they grow, from infiltrating the structure. Figure 6: Cracked and Missing Mortar Evaluate the overall condition of the masonry to identify areas or deterioration such as disintegrating mortar, cracks or gaps in mortar joints, and missing mortar joints. Do not remove non-deteriorated mortar from sound joints to achieve a uniform appearance. Do not apply mortar to historically dry stacked joints. Do not use "surface grouting"or a"scrub"coating technique, such as a"sack rub"or"mortar washing," to repoint exterior masonry units instead of traditional repointing methods. Do not change the width or joint profile when repointing. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—Repointing using mortar matching existing characteristics of type, color, strength, and tooling. Depending on the date of construction, a variety of binders may be present in the mortar, including earth and clays, lime,natural cements, etc. In many cases, a lime-based mortar may be considered when repointing in lieu of Portland cement mortar due to lime-based mortar being more flexible and having less compressive strength and less vapor permeability than the masonry. Duplicate the historic mortar joints in width and joint profile as well as strength, composition, color, and texture when repointing is necessary. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 13 January 2, 2025 Do not change the width or joint profile when repointing. Do not repoint masonry units with mortar of high Portland cement content(unless it is the content of the historic mortar). Remove deteriorated mortar, including disintegrated mortar, cracks in the mortar joints, and gaps at the mortar/stone interface,carefully by hand raking the joints to avoid damaging the masonry. Do not remove sound mortar that is well-bonded to the adjacent masonry. Remove deteriorated and loose mortar to a minimum depth of 2 to 2 1/2 times the width of the joint to ensure an adequate bond of new mortar. Removal to a greater depth may be required to reach sound mortar. Use hand power tools only on horizontal joints in conjunction with hand chiseling to remove hard mortar that is deteriorated or that is a non-historic material and causing damage to the masonry units. Mechanical tools should be used only by a skilled mason in limited circumstances and not on short,vertical joints. Do not allow unskilled workers to use masonry saws or mechanical tools to remove deteriorated mortar from joints prior to repointing, due to the possibility of over-cutting and damaging the stone. Rake out loose material using a natural bristle brush or low-pressure compressed air(40-60 psi). Before placing the repointing mortar, dampen masonry surfaces and joints. Ensure there is no standing water present. Place the new mortar within 1 1/2-in. of the face of the stone and compact in successive layers,with each layer permitted to reach thumb-print hardness before the next layer is applied. Finish pointing the remaining 1 1/2-in. by hand,using a pointing tool. For the outer 3/4-in., install mortar in 1/4- in. lifts,compacting each layer. Permit each layer to reach thumbprint hardness before the next layer is applied. Match the new pointing to the historic finish and tooling. Finish to align with the stone face or be slightly concave to channel water away from the wall and avoid water collecting. Immediately after repointing, clean excess mortar from adjacent masonry,taking care not to damage newly pointed joints. Use only natural bristle brushes and wood or plastic tools to remove excess mortar. After mortar has begun hardening (about 12 hours),tamp back with a stiff brush to further compact the material. Protect the finished work from direct sun and rain until the face has cured and hardened, approximately 48 hours. After mortar has been allowed to cure for 7 to 14 days, clean exposed masonry surfaces using natural bristle brushes and clean water sprayed at low-pressure (see table above). Tier 3 Repointing using mortar dissimilar to existing characteristics of type, color, strength, and tooling. Repointing with different material characteristics than the existing and the application of surface treatments, such as water-repellent coatings,will require review by a SOI Qualified Professional for a Tier 3 treatment. See also Chapter 5. 1.2.4 Paint, Coating, and Paint Removal Refer to Chapter 5. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 14 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 1.3 CONCRETE 1.3.0 Background Concrete is the most common material used to build Hawai'i's historic bridges and is still widely used throughout the construction industry. It is prone to deterioration due to age, original construction techniques,poor repair techniques, environmental exposure,impact damage, and cracking leading to spalls which can expose the reinforcing bars. Concrete deterioration poses a long-term threat to historic structures allowing moisture to reach and potentially corrode the reinforcing bars and damaging the surrounding concrete. Routine repairs to spalled areas are vital to the longevity of the structure. Use the same methods of repair for cast-in-place reinforced concrete as for post-tensioned concrete structures and prestressed concrete structures, except do not use impressed current cathodic protection systems on prestressed and post-tensioned concrete structures. 1.3.1 Concrete Cleaning. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—Removal of moss, dirt, and loose leaves and branches (also see Chapter 2). Conduct concrete cleaning only when necessary to avoid the hastening of deterioration or to remove heavy soiling on the concrete surface. It is not necessary to completely clean lightly soiled surfaces, since deep cleaning may remove historic material or otherwise damage the surface. Clean concrete surfaces to remove dirt, oil,grease,mold,vegetation,algae, stains,and other foreign material. Protect all adjacent surfaces (movable and fixed bearings, seismic retrofits,girders, decks, drainage systems, etc.)not intended to be cleaned during the cleaning work. Do not allow materials from the cleaning operation to be dispersed outside the work site. Water used for cleaning shall follow the direction and guidance outlined in Chapter 1.2.1 Masonry Cleaning. Use non-ionic detergents specifically manufactured for use on concrete surfaces and applied per manufacturer's recommendation. Some approved detergents are: ➢ Simple Green ➢ ZEP (Citrus Cleaner) Clean concrete using pressure washing (maximum 5,000 psi, see table below). Clean in a manner which will not damage the concrete surface. Continually move the pressure washer nozzle over the surface to be cleaned and do not allow the nozzle to focus energy at one location or spot.Additionally,when using natural bristle or soft-bristle brushes,use strokes in one direction and not aggressively moving back and forth. Definitions (for use with Concrete): ➢ Very Low-Pressure Spray: Less than 2000 psi. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 15 January 2, 2025 o Cleaning dirt, sediment,moss, and vegetation stains o Low-Pressure Spray: ➢ Pressure: 2001 to 2800 psi. o Flow Rate: 3 to 5 gpm. o Cleaning concrete and asphalt ➢ Medium-Pressure Spray: o Pressure: 2801 to 4000 psi. o Flow Rate: 3 to 5 gpm. o Removing grease and oil stains from concrete surfaces and prepping surfaces for painting. ➢ High-Pressure Spray: o Pressure: 4001 to 5000 psi. o Flow Rate: 5 gpm. o Deeper cleaning or removing heavy grease and oil stains from concrete surfaces and prepping surfaces for painting. Removing graffiti or paint from concrete surfaces. Do not use abrasive means including,but not limited,to sandblasting, other media blasting or high- pressure water which can damage the surface of the concrete. Whenever possible, clean a test area first to ensure that no damage is done to the concrete surface. Examine test areas to ensure no damage has resulted and monitor over a sufficient period, in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation,to allow long-range effects to be predicted. Do not use blasting equipment that exceeds 5,000 psi. Tier 3 Use of chemicals or cleaning agents. If chemicals and/or cleaning agents must be used,they should be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional. Additionally, any potential damage to adjacent areas due to carrying out the work, unforeseen circumstances, and damage outside the scope of this chapter shall escalate the work to a Tier 3 level and require review by a SOI Qualified Professional. 1.3.2 Concrete Spall Repairs Evaluate the overall condition of the concrete to identify areas of deterioration, including spalls, exposed reinforcing bars,and cracks. If the existing concrete is covered in dirt or organic material, it may be difficult to determine the extent of concrete damage and the concrete repair patch will be difficult to match correctly. If such conditions exist, clean surrounding area thoroughly of all dust,dirt, loose concrete, and organic material. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 16 January 2, 2025 Protect the structural integrity of the historic bridge by staging the removal of deteriorated or unsound concrete and concrete patching so that the extent of concrete removal is limited to a safe level at any stage of the work. Otherwise, install temporary shoring prior to deteriorated or unsound concrete removal. Do not remove sound concrete to replace with concrete patch material. Tier 1—Application of trowel 'r" able mortar for rectangular patches under 0.5 sf. Spall repairs to the underdeck or other non-visible/hidden areas of the bridge structure. • Tier 2—Application of hand patching or cast-in-place concrete mortar for patches. Figure 7:Spall Defect on Underdeck/Soffit Spall repairs to visible areas of the bridge structure. Use concrete repair patch material specially manufactured to restore spalled areas in concrete for the specific application and environment.As a minimum,use concrete patch material having greater compressive strength (per ASTM C39) upp and similar physical properties as the original a 1. concrete. Although laboratory analysis of the existing concrete material is preferred, a visualn .. ,� inspection of aggregate composition,mixture proportions, cement color,and sand size and type Figure 8:Spall Defect on Concrete Girder is sufficient for matching related physical characteristics of the existing concrete. In addition to visual inspection,perform a sounding survey of the damaged area with a claw hammer to identify subsurface voids in need of spall repair. Map out areas for removal of deteriorated concrete in a square or rectangular pattern using a non-permanent medium such as chalk. Combine deteriorated areas that are within 6-in. apart. Saw-cut along outline of the mapped area,perpendicular to the surface of the concrete,to a depth of 1/2- in. maximum. Do not damage the existing reinforcing steel in the top layer. Remove deteriorated concrete to sound material by scarification or by chipping with light duty pneumatic or electric concrete chippers (30 lbs. or less in general, 15 lbs. or less adjacent to strand, reinforcing steel,tendons, and structural limits of construction). Remove concrete that is contaminated with grease or oil. Roughen the remaining concrete surface to 1/4-in. amplitude. Blast-clean all reinforcing bars exposed after concrete removal in accordance with the Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC) SP10 near white metal blast cleaning. Splice bars that have lost 25-percent or more of their original diameter with new supplemental bars spliced in FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 17 January 2, 2025 place within the original cover,lapping rebar to develop the full strength of the reinforcing bar. Dual bars of equivalent or greater section may be used.Where the bond between existing concrete and reinforcing steel has been destroyed, or where more than 50-percent of the surface of the reinforcing bar is exposed, remove the concrete adjacent to the bar to a depth that will permit the concrete patch material to bond to the entire periphery of the exposed reinforcing bar. A clearance of 1/2-in. behind the reinforcing bar is required for this purpose. In no case shall a spall edge exceed 4-in. in a vertical or horizontal direction without a mechanical bond. Prevent cutting, stretching,or damaging of exposed reinforcing bar. Clean existing concrete surfaces that will be in contact with freshly placed concrete patch material to remove loose material and dust immediately prior to application of repair material. Mix and apply concrete patch material in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation. Do not place concrete patch material at ambient temperatures above 85°F, or more stringent temperature ranges provided by the manufacturer unless adequate protection is provided against adverse effects of extreme temperature conditions. Match the surface texture of patched area as closely as possible to the existing concrete surface. Use special finishing tools and equipment as needed, such as: ➢ Board Formed Concrete: match existing wood board width and orientation. Ensure wood formwork is left securely in place until initial setting time is complete (24 hours minimum,but 48 hours is preferred). Apply release agent to wood surface prior to setting formwork. ➢ Exposed Aggregate Concrete: match existing aggregate size, color, and density. Remove cement paste to a depth that matches existing,using light abrasive blast or wire brush. ➢ Bush Hammered Concrete: match size of hammer, depth, and frequency of impressions. ➢ Rubbed Concrete: match tool used for rubbing—historically,wood blocks. Tier 3 Concrete repair to match existing unique textures, colors, or historic mixtures. Repair concrete with sculptural relief or ,. shaped design work. dam= When concrete deterioration is extensive and not feasible to be addressed by spall repair preservation techniques, or the repair work involves unique shapes or decorative concrete treatments,this work falls under Tier 3 and Figure 9: Concrete Finish and Texture Matching requires approval by a SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 18 January 2, 2025 1.3.3 Concrete Crack Repairs Cracks in concrete allow moisture to penetrate the internal steel reinforcing and corrode the steel, causing delamination and ultimately spalling. If left unattended corrosion of the reinforcing steel can progress significantly and to a point where the member can no longer support a load. Sealing and preventing water infiltration in concrete cracks is crucial in the preservation of historic bridges. Although the finish look of sealing cracks (epoxy crack injection) can be problematic for the appearance of the historic bridge; therefore,all crack injection methods are a Tier 3 Activity. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2 Sealing hairline cracks with a penetrating concrete sealer. The coatings shall have a clear finish and not alter the original color or sheen of the concrete. Follow manufacturer's installation procedures,general guidance for new concrete surfaces must be a minimum of 28 days old at the time of application. Surface is to be structurally sound, clean, dry, free of dust, dirt, paint, efflorescence,laitance curing compounds and other contaminants that will prevent the proper penetration of the penetrating sealer. Blow debris and residue out of cracks and from the surface with a moisture-free and oil-free air jet. Mask expansion joint sealants to prevent adhesion of penetrating sealer to the joint surface. Begin penetrating sealer application only after all concrete repairs have been made, and after surfaces are dry. Tier 3—Sealing cracks with epoxy injection methods. Epoxy injection will leave marks on the surface of the concrete where the repairs were made;therefore, the use of epoxy injection for crack repair requires the approval of an SOI Qualified Professional. 1.3.4 Cathodic Protection (CP) Cathodic protection is one of the most effective methods for preventing corrosion on a metal surface. There are generally two types of cathodic protection: galvanic anode and impressed current cathodic protection. Both provide a cathodic protection current flow from cathodic protection anodes placed within the same electrolyte as the metal to be protected. The current flows from the anode into the electrolyte. It discharges onto the metal,controlling the corrosion. Galvanic anodes are bulk alloys generally composed of zinc,aluminum, or magnesium, or can be a mesh system which mechanically connects to the steel structure(s)to be protected. Impressed current cathodic protection is provided by connecting a DC power source between the metal being protected and the cathodic protection anodes. In contrast to the bulk galvanic anode,the impressed current cathodic protection is supplied by the DC power source and not by corrosion of the anode itself The DC power supplies are typically transformer rectifiers which convert electricity to low voltage DC. In remote areas, solar panels and batteries are commonly used. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3—Installation of a CP system. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 19 January 2, 2025 The installation of a CP system to a historic bridge requires the review and approval of an SOI Qualified Professional. 1.3.5 Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Fiber-Reinforced Polymer(FRP)materials are composite materials that typically consist of strong fibers embedded in a resin matrix. The fibers provide strength and stiffness to the composite and generally carry most of the applied loads. The matrix acts to bond and protect the fibers and to provide for transfer of stress from fiber to fiber through shear stresses. The most common fibers are glass, carbon,and synthetic fibers. FRP composites have very high strength characteristics and are nonconductive,noncorrosive, and lightweight Figure 10: Carbon Fiber Wrap on Deck Underside structural members of a bridge and can be installed on concrete and timber members. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3—Installation of FRP. The installation of FRP to a historic bridge requires the review and approval of an SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 20 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 1.4 METALS 1.4.0 Background Metals such as steel and iron are susceptible to corrosion if not properly protected. Fatigue, section loss through oxidation, and paint failure are three common problems. Repair must be done in a way that preserves the original character of the metal components on the bridge. Since manufacturing material composition and technologies change over time, repair can be made more complicated by a lack of available material and components. Finding a suitable historic match that is compliant with the SOI Standards for repairs and replacement of damaged or deteriorated materials is a requirement of all steel and iron work covered by this Agreement. Use of wrought iron for structural members was primarily limited to the 19th century,though it was used in limited cases into the early 20th century,where it is primarily seen in tension members of truss bridges. It is comprised of very low carbon iron with strings of slag which can be detected visually after polishing and etching with a solution of muriatic acid. The tensile capacity of wrought iron can be identified in AASHTO MBE. Additionally, coupon testing is encouraged to confirm the mechanical properties. Wrought iron is more corrosion resistant than steel but should still be protected from aggressive conditions using coatings similar to steel structures. Like steel,wrought iron should not be cold worked, though limited information is available about the requirements of heat straightening. Due to limited fatigue resistance,members with significant damage should be replaced in-kind. Historic cast iron was used in bridge construction from 1780 until around 1880,though it may be found in limited applications into the early 20th century. It is often identifiable by the mold lines from its casting. As formed during this period, cast iron is brittle and weak in tension,with a granular structure when fractured. If needed for load evaluation, samples should be taken for testing as properties are variable. Intact cast iron has a corrosion resistant layer from the mold process but may still corrode in aggressive environments. Once cast iron has been abrasive blasted, it will corrode similarly to steel and should be kept coated.When replacing members connecting to cast iron,galvanic corrosion should be avoided through isolation of the materials. 1.4.1 Steel Cleaning Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—Removal of moss, dirt, and loose leaves and branches (also see Chapter 2). Washing down steel structural member. Conduct cleaning of metal structures as a pre-requisite for painting application. Otherwise, clean only when necessary to avoid the hastening of deterioration or to remove heavy soiling on the surfaces, such as FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 21 January 2, 2025 to remove dirt, oil,grease,mold, soluble salts,pack rust, corrosion,peeling coatings, caulking,mill scale and any other surface contaminants. Protect all adjacent surfaces (movable and fixed bearings, seismic retrofits,girders, decks, drainage systems, etc.)not intended for treatment during the cleaning work. Do not allow materials from the cleaning operation to be dispersed outside the work site. Water used for cleaning shall follow the direction and guidance outlined in Chapter 1.2.1 Stone Masonry Cleaning. Use biodegradable or environmentally safe cleaning or paint removal products specifically manufactured for use on a specific type of metal surface. When using blast cleaning abrasives techniques,the Society of Protective Coatings (SSPC)has created standards for coatings that protect and preserve concrete, steel, and other structural surfaces. Use properly sized abrasives to achieve the required cleanliness and anchor profile. Use abrasives meeting the requirements of SSPC-AB 1, Mineral and Slag Abrasives, SSPC-AB 2, Cleanliness of Recycled Ferrous Metallic Blast Cleaning Abrasives, or SSPC-AB 3, Ferrous Metallic Abrasive and do not introduce any contamination that interferes with the coating application and performance. Do not use abrasives that contain chlorides and other salts. For non-metallic abrasives,verify compliance with the conductivity and cleanliness requirements of SSPC-AB 1. For recycled abrasives,verify compliance with the conductivity and cleanliness requirements of SSPC-AB 2 after each recycling. Select a sample from each recycling machine in use and conduct the water-soluble contaminant and oil content tests outlined in SSPC-AB 2 at least once weekly. Conduct the non-abrasive residue and lead content tests. If test results do not meet requirements, remove, and replace the abrasive, clean the recycling equipment, and conduct tests each day to confirm the equipment is functioning properly. Return to the weekly testing interval as directed by the Engineer. Use a compressed air system capable of delivering clean, dry, continuous nozzle pressure to achieve the required surface cleanliness and profile or spray pattern. The system must comply with the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer of the abrasive blasting system or coating application system. Design the blasting system to produce the specified cleanliness and profile. When portions of the existing coating are designated to be removed and replaced,clean,wash,test and remove soluble salts, and abrasive blast or hand and power tool clean to remove all existing coating and corrosion in the intended locations.When the existing coating is to remain, clean,wash, and test and remove soluble salts. Isolate the work areas with containment devices,canvasses,tarpaulins or screens during all surface preparation and coating application operations. Dispose of all debris and waste products generated in accordance with all Federal, State and Local regulations. Clean metal surfaces in accordance with SSPC guidelines for cleaning,washing, soluble salts detection and removal,abrasive blast cleaning, and hand and power tool cleaning. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 22 January 2, 2025 Perform all abrasive blast cleaning within a containment system to ensure confinement of all particulates. Design the containment system to comply with all applicable Federal, State, and Local regulations. Ensure the abrasive blast cleaning does not produce holes,cause distortion,remove metal, or cause thinning of the substrate. 1.4.2 Welded and Bolted Repairs Welding can be a valuable tool for bridge preservation and rehabilitation;however, it should only be used when welding is the best alternative based on technical merit. There are many additional challenges that must be overcome to successfully weld existing bridge steel,which include but are not limited to: ➢ Unknown chemical composition ➢ Unknown heat treatment condition ➢ Unknown existing residual stresses ➢ Unknown carbon content(i.e. weldability) ➢ Unknown grain size ➢ Unknown degree of cold work in existing condition ➢ Unknown fracture properties of existing steel (i.e., Charpy impact toughness and fracture toughness) ➢ Structural restraint which can resist large residual stresses ➢ Dimensional changes due to welding ➢ Creation of fatigue crack initiation sites ➢ Cooling cracks ➢ Presence of diffusible hydrogen Perform welding of existing steel according to AWS D1.7 Guide for Strengthening and Repairing Existing Structures and AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5. Do not weld the pins in pin-connected trusses. Do not weld counters or other members together to eliminate noise or vibration. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—In-kind replacement of existing weldments and bolted connections. Welding can create high residual stresses and crack initiation sites in the base metal.Welding in structural connections can change the way loads are transferred and introduce forces that the connection was not designed for. See AWS D1.7 Guide for Strengthening and Repairing Existing Structures Article 4.4 for further information on determining the weldability of existing steels. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 23 January 2, 2025 Due to the structural risks of field welding, avoid field welding unless the structural risks are higher with other options. Control the risks of field welding by: ➢ Verifying alloy according to AWS D1.7 Guide for Strengthening and Repairing Existing Structures prior to welding ➢ Eliminating traffic loads during field welding when possible ➢ Verifying carbon content of existing steel prior to welding Tier 3 Steel plate patch repairs. Welded repairs of cracked or broken structural steel members. The installation of steel plate patch repairs and welded repairs to cracked or broken structural steel members of a historic bridge requires the review and approval of an SOI Qualified Professional. 1.4.3 Member Replacement and Repair When steel members are damaged beyond repair,install temporary shoring as needed and replace the members. Replace pin-connected members with new pin-connected members and replace members with gusseted connections with new gusseted members. Replace members in-kind using the same or similar steel cross sections to the extent practicable,using steel alloys of the same or higher strength that meet the Charpy V-Notch impact energy requirements of AASHTO LRFD Article 6.6.2.1. Some distorted steel members can be repaired by heat straightening. This repair method is particularly useful for emergency repairs of impact damage. Heat straightening relies upon the tendency of steel to shrink after being heated to a high temperature and cooled,with heating patterns designed to use this shrinkage to distort the steel back to its original shape. Heating should be limited to 1200 degrees F to avoid undesirable changes to the grain structure of the steel. Heating temperature can be verified using an infrared thermometer or temperature crayons. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2 Replacement of existing gusset plates, diaphragms, and , , secondary cross-bracing members, matching existing members. Heat , ��' �. straightening of distorted steel members. The replacement member shall be a replica of the 'mr ws a ,' ►` '„ damaged member. The shape, dimensions, connection methods,and orientation of the replacement member shall exactly match the original damaged member. Figure 11:Replacement of Secondary Cross-Bracing Members FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 24 January 2, 2025 Most trusses were built using temporary shoring, and temporary shoring may be required for replacement of some members. Structurally,pin-connected members function differently than members with gusseted connections, and it is important for repairs to function in a manner consistent with the other members in the bridge. Sometimes members can be replaced without using temporary shoring. ➢ Eliminate live load. ➢ Stabilize half of the member's cross - y section. " rt 1 1 ➢ Remove lacing bars and tie plates. • ! ' a ➢ Replace the destabilized half of the " ' 7 F y ,^ member's cross section. Stabilize the new half of the cross section. ➢ Replace the remaining half of the cross Figure 12: Cleaned and Repaired Steel Gusset Plate section. ➢ Reinstall lacing bars and tie plates. ➢ Reinstate live load. Detailed analysis is necessary to verify the feasibility of this approach. Repairs to pin-connected trusses should endeavor to achieve an even distribution of forces in the members. Tightening rods and adding spacers to joints can help. Heat straightening is economical, as it typically does not require temporary shoring or member removal. Heat straightening is skilled technical work typically performed by specialty contractors. Avoid using heat strengthening techniques to a member repeatedly as it can weaken the grain structure of the steel by heating and cooling repeatedly. See FHWA-IF-08-999 Guide for Heat-Straightening of Damaged Steel Bridge Members for further information on heat straightening. Perform heat straightening according to AWS 01.1 Guide for Strengthening and Repairing Existing Structures. Consider using an AWS Certified Welding Inspector to provide quality assurance for heat straightening work. Tier 3 Partial and full replacement of primary structural steel member. Replacement of existing gusset plates, diaphragms, and secondary cross-bracing members, using dissimilar members. The partial or full replacement of any primary structural steel member will require review by a SOI Qualified Professional for a Tier 3 treatment. The replacement of existing gusset plates, diaphragms, and secondary cross-bracing members,using dissimilar connection methods will also require review by a SOI Qualified Professional for a Tier 3 treatment. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual 25 January 2, 2025 1.4.4 Rivet and Bolted Connections Riveting was the preferred technique of joining and building up steel girder and truss members from the 1870s to the 1950s but is seldom used today except for historic preservation reasons. A growing number of contractors in regions of the United States with large numbers of historic riveted structures are being trained in proper riveting techniques and some states DOTs have issued guidance. Due to the limited number of Figure 13: Typical Riveted Connections riveted historic bridges in Hawai'i, any consideration of riveted repairs on a historic bridge requires careful consideration and should not be undertaken lightly. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—In-kind replacement of existing structural fasteners. Though riveted connection capacity has been expressed in terms of shear and bearing, rivet strength is a function of the friction developed between the layers of steel due to the clamping force incurred in the rivets as they cool. Overall,riveted construction has proven to be a long-lasting and reliable connection. Past references state that rivets may loosen over time or that corrosion may develop on the rivet shank within the layers,both of which are rare. Instead,the three common reasons to replace rivets are: (1)to remove existing steel plate, lacing member or built-up structural member, (2) rivet head is missing due to underlying pack rust popping off the head, and(3) corroded rivet head with section loss reducing the effectiveness of the rivet. Remove and replace rivets that have less than 50%to 75%remaining section by volume. However, smaller diameter rivets in lattice and railings may be evaluated more leniently. Remove rivets using a pneumatic hammer,pneumatic rivet buster, or drill with a magnetic base (Mag Drill). Follow the tool manufacturer instructions to remove the rivet. Do not remove rivets using a cutting torch. Do not upsize the size of the existing rivet hole. Use replacement rivets where the historical visual appearance and design of the original rivetted connection is to be maintained. Any rivets missing or removed from the existing bridge and that are to be part of the restored structure shall be replaced with new rivets.New rivets shall match the size and location of the existing ones. The rivet steel used in the restored structure and handrail shall have a minimum yield strength of 36 ksi and shall bend cold through 180 degrees flat on itself without cracking on the outside of the bent portion. The rivet head shall flatten,while hot,to a diameter 2 1/2 times the diameter of the shank without cracking at the edges. The rivets shall be true to form, concentric,and should be made in a workmanlike manner. As much as possible,perform rivet replacement with new rivets in the shop where access and equipment proximity can be set up efficiently for the fabrication. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 26 January 2, 2025 The Contractor shall be responsible for all riveting quality control. Rivets shall be new,hot-driven round button head. All rivets shall conform to the material requirements of ASTM A 502. All rivets shall be inspected immediately upon completion of driving and forming to ensure the rivet heads are seated against the plate or angle surface and are not cracked. The Contractor shall visually inspect each rivet for conformance with ANSI standard B18.1.2. Sound each rivet to ensure it is clamped tightly in place. Loose rivets or button head dimensions out of specification shall be rejected and replaced at no additional cost. The Contractor shall have demonstrated experience conducting rivet replacements on historic bridges. High-strength dome head(button head)bolts meeting the requirements of ASTM F3125, Grade A325, Type 1 or 3 can be replaced in-kind where they presently exist. Tier 3 Replacement of existing fasteners with dissimilar components in size, material, geometry or finish. Replacement of the existing rivets with dissimilar components in size,material,geometry, or finish will require review by a SOI Qualified Professional for a Tier 3 treatment. Additionally,using new high- strength bolts to replace rivets will also be a Tier 3 activity. 1.4.5 Supplemental Structural Members Repair or strengthening by adding supplemental structural members may be required to address degraded original members, impact damage, or inadequate load capacity as shown by a load rating. Angles,bent plates, channels, fish plates, or doubler plates can be installed to strengthen the member to meet the required load capacity. In other cases,new cover plates can be installed in sections with bolted splices, such as when an end post is damaged by impact and must be repaired while carrying dead load or while live traffic is allowed on the bridge. The design and detail for these repairs shall be conducted according to AASHTO LRFD. Additionally,the new supplemental members'design shall account for increased stresses caused by stiffness changes in the material or by eccentricities of repair members. When the repair is installed on pitted original steel or when fastener details do not comply with AASHTO LRFD Article 6.13.2.6,design and detail the repair as non-slip-critical and provide fay surface sealing. Auxiliary members can be added adjacent to or within existing members to increase the member capacity. The auxiliary member shall be installed in the least conspicuous location possible. Design new connections for the auxiliary members to structurally connect them into the existing pinned connections or riveted connections. For tension members,post-tensioning can be used to increase the capacity of the member. A high-strength cable or rod is fastened to both ends of the member and tensioned to counteract some of the dead load carried by the member FHWA-HRT-14-063. Bridges with steel stringers and non-composite concrete decks can be strengthened without affecting historical integrity by making the deck composite with the stringers. In some cases,this has been accomplished by coring,welding shear studs, and patching. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 27 January 2, 2025 Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3Addition of supplemental structural members. The addition of new supplemental structural members requires the review and approval of an SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 28 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 1.5 WOOD 1.5.0 Background. Wood or timber is a common material historically used in bridge building for timber bent caps,timber stringers,timber piles, or timber bridge railings. Preserving historic wood features is achieved by protecting the wood from moisture and insect damage (termites)using preservative treatments and diverting water sources from sustained contact with the wood member. 1.5.1 Cleaning. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—Removal of moss, dirt, and loose leaves and branches (also see Chapter 2). Washing down wood structural member. Conduct cleaning of wooden structures only when necessary to avoid the hastening of deterioration or remove heavy soiling on the wooden surfaces. Do not clean lightly soiled wooden surfaces. Clean wooden surfaces to remove dirt, oil,grease,mold,vegetation, algae, stains, and other foreign material. Protect all adjacent surfaces (movable and fixed bearings, seismic retrofits,girders, decks, drainage systems, etc.)not intended to be cleaned during the cleaning work. Do not allow materials from the cleaning operation to be dispersed outside the work site. Water used for cleaning shall follow the direction and guidance outline in Chapter 1.2.1 Masonry Cleaning. Use non-ionic detergents specifically manufactured for use on wooden surfaces and applied per manufacturer's recommendation. Some approved detergents are: ➢ Simple Green ➢ ZEP (Citrus Cleaner) Clean wooden surfaces by scrubbing with a bristle brush or sponge and detergent solution. Scrub mildewed areas with mildewcide. Clean in a manner which will not damage the wooden surface. Use strokes in one direction and not aggressively moving back and forth. After cleaning, rinse thoroughly with clean water. Do not use abrasive means including but not limited to sandblasting,wire brushing, other media blasting or high-pressure water which can damage the surface of the wood. Whenever possible, clean a test area first to ensure that no damage is done to the wooden surface. Examine test areas to ensure no damage has resulted and, ideally,monitor over a sufficient period to allow long-range effects to be predicted. Tier 3- Use of chemicals or cleaning agents. Refer to Chapter 5 for additional information. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 29 January 2, 2025 If chemicals and/or cleaning agents must be used,they should be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional. Additionally, any potential damage to adjacent areas due to carrying out the work, unforeseen circumstances, and damage outside the scope of this section shall escalate the work to a Tier 3 level and require review by a SOI Qualified Professional. 1.5.2 Repair and Replace Wooden Members In-Kind. Replace extensively deteriorated or missing wood components in-kind,matching the same species as much as possible. Match the new work in material, design, scale, color, and finish. Do not replace sound wood components. Install temporary shoring as needed to ensure the structural integrity of the structure is maintained throughout the replacement process. Tier 1 —No Activity. ( Tier 2—In-kind replacement of �( �G deteriorated wood members or1.14 � �° deficient fasteners. Determine the mechanical properties of the existing wood to be replaced in-kind by visual grading in conjunction with condition assessment. Duplicate and replace wood components with new components made from Figure 14:Replaced Timber Deck Planks(on an Attached salvaged, sound,original wood or with new Sidewalk) wood matching existing wood. Use surviving prototypes to create patterns for duplicate replacements. Remove unsound and deteriorated wood either in whole or in section to sound wood. Custom-fabricate new wood to replace existing or missing wood; either replace entire wood member or splice new wood part into existing member. Secure new wood using finger joints,multiple dowels, or splines with adhesive and nailing to ensure maximum structural integrity at each splice. Use only concealed fasteners. Fill nail holes and patch surface to match surrounding sound wood. Apply preservative treatment to accessible surfaces after replacements are made.Apply treatment liberally by brushing joints, edges,and ends;top, sides, and bottom. Condition replacement wood members to prevailing environmental and temperature conditions at the installation areas before installing. When alkaline copper quaternary(ACQ),copper azole (CA), or other corrosive treatments have been identified to have been used on the existing wood components to remain,use austenitic stainless-steel FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 30 January 2, 2025 fasteners and hardware coating in accordance with ASTM F2833 Grade 1 or ASTM F1136 Grade 3 to connect new wood members to existing wood members. Tier 3: Replacement of existing wood members or fasteners with dissimilar components in size, material, geometry, or finish. The replacement members shall match the existing nominal dimensions of the existing members. Replacement fasteners shall also match the existing components in size, orientation, and look. If the proposed replacement members cannot match the existing (due to strength requirements or availability of suitable material)it will require review and approval by an SOI Qualified Professional for Tier 3 treatment. 1.5.3 Supplemental Structural Members Repair or strengthening by adding supplemental structural members may be required to address degraded original members, impact damage, rot or deterioration,or inadequate load capacity as shown by a load rating. Angle bracing, cross bracing, sister or doubler members can be installed to strengthen the member to meet the required load capacity. The design and detail for these repairs shall be conducted according to AASHTO LRFD. Additionally,the new supplemental members' design shall account for increased stresses caused by stiffness changes in the material or by eccentricities of repair members. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3 Addition of supplemental structural members. The addition of new supplemental structural members requires the review and approval of an SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 31 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 1.6 EXPANSION JOINTS 1.6.0 Background. Expansion joints lacking adequate maintenance may become deteriorated and accumulate dirt and debris within the joint affecting its performance. In addition, advanced accumulations may prevent proper transmission of deck drainage and promote vegetation growth which may cause accelerated deterioration in the joint material or membrane requiring replacement. Expansion joints are rarely significant character- defining features of historic bridges;thus, repair and replacement of expansion joints is a routine activity. 1.6.1 Maintenance, Repair, and Retrofit. Tier 1 Periodic clearing of debris from expansion joints. Tier 2 Replacement of . deteriorated expansion joints. Jr � There are numerous types of existing deck expansion joint assemblies, and it is not mandatory that the replacement deck joint assembly match that of the existing deteriorated Figure 15:Debris in Expansion Joints deck joint assembly. A new deck joint assembly that has a similar appearance to the original is preferable,but the selection should be based on longevity and continued maintenance in the specific context of the historic bridge. Select a new deck expansion joint system based on anticipated thermal expansion, seismic activity, drainage, and material characteristics of surrounding construction materials. Only use open type expansion joints (such as butt, sliding plate, or finger joints)without troughs where water penetration to structure will not cause long term damage. Removal of surrounding deck material should be minimal and sufficient to remove the deteriorated joint assembly. If it is a concrete deck,follow the guidance in Chapter 1.3.2 Concrete Spalling. Limit the replacement area to no more than 6 inches away from the edge of the existing joint assembly. Ensure straight and neat saw cuts are conducted for a clean final product. Thoroughly clean the area of all dust, debris, and foreign material. Verify that all new and existing materials are compatible with one another. Install new joint assembly in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Provide adequate time for all materials to set and cure properly prior to allowing traffic on the new joint assembly. Tier 3 No Activity. END OF CHAPTER FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 32 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 2.0 VEGETATION REMOVAL 2.1.0 Background Vegetation growing on or within historic structures can cause significant damage as moss, —N1' � , � " + 4. roots and vines can negatively impact structural ` integrity,hold moisture against the surface, scour `°X,, ,, fad ' soft surfaces,erode and infiltrate mortar joints, • a , and hinder or limit access for inspection or repair. ^gym<' Procedures for removal of vegetation from historic concrete and masonry shall be undertaken in a manner that does not cause damage to the structure. Removal of vegetation can be achieved with no adverse effects by Figure 16: Vegetation Growth Covering the Bridge following these procedures and Best Management Practices (BMP). 2.1.1 Vegetation on or Within Structures Tier 1 No activities Tier 2 See list below: o Scraping moss from bridge structure surfaces. o Removal of vines growing on "bridge structures I`• o Removal of plants or trees -—- growing within bridge structure Figure 17: Vegetation Growing on a Masonry Structure o Clearing soil and vegetation debris from bridge structure. o Root removal from within bridge structure. o Use of herbicides to kill roots growing within bridge structure. When removing plants and vines from structures, do so in smaller test sections to ensure no structural damage is being done by the removal and the removal procedure can demonstrate that there is no damage to the structure. Test sections should be done prior to commencing with the full removal and be done on non-historic character defining features or on surfaces not visible to the traveling public. Specific attention should be paid to the removal of vines, as damage to mortar joints may occur. Additional attention should be given to root systems. If roots are growing into a bridge or retaining wall structure, remove as much of the root system as possible to ensure the plant is dead and will not grow back and FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual 33 January 2, 2025 cause future harm to the structure. Living plants must be killed and allowed to dry prior to removal from masonry surfaces. Remove plants and vines from structures in sections starting with a small section in an inconspicuous area to ensure no structural damage is being done by the removal. To avoid damage to masonry or concrete elements do not pull live plants from historic surfaces. Instead: ➢ Cut back vegetation leaving roots intact. ➢ Apply herbicide directly to roots, following manufacturer's written instructions, and without spilling over onto the stone units or into the waterway. Take precautions to ensure herbicide is applied directly to the root system and does not contact the surface of the structure. ➢ Allow root system to die naturally, and ➢ Remove dead material;patch and/or repoint surface. Refer to Chapter 1 for information on Stone Masonry. Note that roots shrink when the plant dies making it easier to remove the root system. Under no circumstances should live roots be removed or pulled out from historic stone masonry,mortar joints, or concrete expansion joints. Tier 3—Removal of vegetation that requires, or results in, removal of masonry elements. If the removal of vegetation requires the masonry elements to be removed or it is anticipated that the removal of the vegetation will damage or disrupt the masonry elements,this activity is a Tier 3 activity and subject to SOI Qualified Professional approval. 2.1.2 Vegetation Adjacent to Structures Provide continued protection and maintenance of structures and landscape features on the site through appropriate landscape management. Tier 1 - Clearing trees and vegetation growing beneath and adjacent to the bridge structure. Remove debris,branches, and other organic material within the right-of-way or bridge structure. Minimize disturbance to root systems in the landscape that may be aiding in erosion control. Excavation is not allowed and shall be limited to just removing the vegetation and tree trimming. Tier 2- Clearing intrusive and overhanging branches from alongside and overhead of bridge structure. Remove trees and branches that are overhanging the bridge and obscuring critical bridge signage.Note that some signage may be located along the roadway embankments beyond the bridge approaches. Excavation is not allowed and shall be limited to just removing the vegetation and tree trimming. Tier 3 No activities FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 34 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 2.2 WATERWAY AND SCOUR PROTECTION 2.2.0 Background Maintaining a clear and open waterway at the bridge crossing is essential to preventing upland flooding and potential scour at the bridge foundation structures. During a flood - event, loose vegetation and debris along the embankments can be swept away by the fast • moving and higher than normal water level. • The debris can flow down the stream and pile up at the bridge structure closing off the � . waterway opening. This will increase the water velocity and scour potential of the Figure 18:Timber Debris Blocking Channel streambed and can ultimately undermine the structure's foundations. Scour removes the sediment along the streambed,lowering the streambed level, and , exposing the previously buried foundations. In 44,. *44, extreme cases the foundations can become undermined and unstable, leading to eventual collapse of the bridge. Therefore, it is essential that the waterway remains clear of loose4.73% vegetation and debris. Follow State and Federal Rules and Regulations for conducting in-stream work, as applicable. Figure 19:Significant Scour/Undermining at an Abutment. 2.2.1 Temporary Stream Diversion Stream diversions and cofferdams are installed to provide a watertight barrier between the stream and the work area. Generally, diversions or cofferdams are installed as part of the construction effort to mitigate foundation issues like undermining and significant structural deterioration. Typical stream diversion or cofferdams configurations can be composed of steel sheet piles, sandbags,portable fabric dams, or other means. Stream diversions or cofferdams are considered temporary structures that will be removed following construction and/or the installation of the repairs. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 35 January 2, 2025 Tier 1 —Temporary flow diversion of waterway related to maintenance or repair of bridge ..`" structure when NOT attached to the bridge structure. Tier 2 Temporary flow diversion : of waterway related to maintenance or repair of bridge structure when attached to the bridge structure. Figure 20:Stream Diversion The use of Stream Diversions shall follow additional guidance listed in Chapter 1 Temporary Structures. For Tier 2 activities,the temporary structure is secured to the bridge structure but does not leave any permanent marks. Tier 3 Temporary attachments that leave permanent marks or require significant repair after removal. The temporary structure is secured to the bridge structure but leaves permanent marks. See Chapter 1 for specific material repair recommendations. This shall be a Tier 3 activity and subject to SOI Qualified Professional review and approval. 2.2.2 Channel Lining and Scour Protection Typical channel lining and scour protection materials are concrete, riprap (grouted and non-grouted), articulated concrete mattresses,grout filled fabric bags,and gabion baskets (both steel and plastic). 4 1 b Figure 21: Concrete Lined Channel Figure 22:Riprap Protection FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 36 January 2, 2025 Tier 1—Repair of existing scour protection or channel lining with in-kind material and requiring no ground disturbance or excavation. Tier 2—Repair of existing scour protection or channel lining with in-kind material, ground disturbance or excavation is allowed. Placement of new scour protection within the 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone, with or without ground disturbance or excavation. In-kind repair activities allowed in Tiers 1 and 2 include spalls and void repairs to concrete, concrete scaling,concrete overlays or topping slab,underpinning scour holes and voids in footings, replacing missing sections of concrete, repair of riprap slopes to original grade,replacing missing riprap (grouted and non-grouted),repairing missing grout,filling voids and undermined areas, replacing grout filled fabric bags, replacing gabion baskets, and replacing articulated concrete mattresses. Installing concrete cut-off walls extending below the spread footing foundations. For Tier 2 Activities, excavation and 7 . r: _" J � Rip�h� 1iM Wdn+ 6 'i ‘ F4xi.:' t 4W Figure 23: Undermining Sketch of a Bridge ground disturbing activities are allowed within the strict 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone. Refer to Chapter 1 for information on Material Repairs. Tier 3—Placement of new scour protection outside of the 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone and requiring no ground disturbance or excavation. The placement of new scour protection outside of the 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone and requiring no ground disturbance or excavation is a Tier 3 activity and subject to SOI Qualified Professional approval. Additionally,ground disturbance activities outside of the 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone are excluded from this AGREEMENT. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 37 January 2, 2025 .14 . . a • X111+ - T v . yam r„ .. Figure 24:Heavily Scoured Foundation Condition Figure 25:Structural Scour Protection Repair 2.2.3 Micropile Installation When installing micropiles to a bridge foundation structure,the micropiles and concrete structure must be tied together. This is typically done with reinforced concrete. The micropiles are installed immediately adjacent to the bridge structure foundations,then reinforcing steel is installed around the micropiles and additionally attached to the bridge foundations/footing. Once the reinforcing steel is installed, concrete is poured into the formwork. The new bridge footing will have increased the size of the original bridge footing to accommodate the micropiles and supplemental reinforcement. The final finish and look of the concrete should match the existing (i.e.,board-formed, rough, smooth, etc.) Prior to starting this work, ensure that the foundations of the bridge are not a historic character-defining feature of the bridge. State and Federal Rules and Regulations for conducting in-stream work should be followed as needed, as well as Chapter 1 Structure and Chapter 2 Stream Diversions for guidance with concrete repairs. Tier 1 No activities. Tier 2—Installing micropiles to spread footing to repair an existing or newly found void or undermined area within the 10—foot Archaeological Clear Zone. When it is determined that the spread footings foundations of a bridge require additional support, micropiles can be installed;provided the repairs are conducted within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. If these repairs are not within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone or if any ground disturbing activities take place outside of the 10'-0" Archaeological Clear Zone,then they do not qualify for use of this Agreement. Tier 3-No activities. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 38 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 2.3 LAYDOWN AREA 2.3.0 Background Laydown or staging areas are used by the Contractor to store materials and equipment that is needed to complete the work. These may include the following: areas within the State or County right of way,paved roadways, and embankment shoulders,paved and unpaved parking areas,grassy and/or vegetated fields, parks and recreation areas,beaches and sandy areas, and public and private properties. The Contractor shall install and follow BMP to prevent spills and contaminants from getting into the environment. The laydown areas should also be secured to prevent entry by unauthorized persons and/or animals throughout the duration of the project. The location of the laydown area should consider the effect of storms and flood events and mitigate those hazardous potentials throughout the duration of the project. Care must be taken to ensure the laydown area, if unpaved, is not near a historic site. Laydown Area Assess the need, size and location for a laydown or staging area. Tier 1—Locating laydown area on existing pavement or similar hard surface with no ground disturbance activities. Tier 2—Laydown area on bridge or adjacent area inside 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone. Temporary installation of security fence posts using driven posts. See Chapter 6 for free standing signage. If laydown areas are required to complete the work and located on the structure or within the 10-ft archaeological clear zone, adhere to the requirements of this section. Protect laydown areas that are not paved. If the laydown area is easily accessible to the public, install temporary security fence around the laydown areas to secure the area. Do not excavate within the laydown area,unless within the 10'-0" archaeological clear zone. The installation of fence posts shall be driven poles limited to a maximum of 4-inch diameter and driven no more than a depth of 36 inches below the existing ground surface. Excavation is not allowed for fence post installation. Tier 3—Laydown areas outside of the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone areas using matts or other protective underlayment. Excavation is not allowed. All activities judged in Tier 3 by SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effects are not allowed in this Agreement. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 39 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 2.4 UTILITY MAINTENANCE 2.4.0 Background Public utilities are routinely attached to a bridge structure which is used to support the utility across the waterway or bridge crossing. In most instances,utilities are not considered a significant historic element of a historic bridge; however,their location, appearance and methods of attachment must be considered. The utilities,which can be potable water, sewage, electric,telecom, and bridge component lighting or communication utilities, are generally buried along the roadway shoulders and daylight at the abutments. They are generally encased in conduit(of various materials)and connected to the bridge structure by steel brackets. The conduits may be connected to the underside of the bridge deck,bridge railing,girders, abutments,outside fascia, or under the bridge (between the girders). Before conducting any work adjacent to utilities,they should be identified, and the utility provider notified of the proposed work activities. 2.4.1 Underground Utilities Prior to conducting the work, call Hawaii One-Call Center(HOCC) at 1-866-423-7287 to identify Utility Agency Owners (UAO)within the project limits. Contact each UAO and provide each UAO with plans of the proposed scope of work to get a written determination as to whether the proposed work conflicts with the respective utility. If no conflict, document the "no conflict"determination. If there is a conflict,work with the respective UAO and Department to locate the respective utility. Tier 1 —Maintenance, repair, or in-kind replacement of existing underground utilities within the 10-foot Archaeological Clear Zone. The maintenance, repair, or in-kind replacement of the existing underground utilities within the 10'-0" Archaeological Clear Zone is permitted. Excavation of the ground area surrounding the utility within the archaeological clear zone is allowed to facilitate the construction activity. Tier 2—Maintenance, repair, or replacement of existing underground utilities outside of the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. Original as-built drawings and or records of the underground utility being repaired are required to use this tiered activity. The maintenance,repair, or replacement of the existing underground utilities that are outside of the 10'-0" Archaeological Clear Zone is permitted as long as the as-built plans for the existing underground utilities are available and clearly represent all work that was done regarding the utilities. Excavation of the ground area surrounding the utility shall be limited to the same areas that are shown/outlined in the original as- built plans. Any deviation from the original footprint as shown in the original as-built plans is not allowed as this work would be in undisturbed areas and therefore not allowed under this Agreement. Tier 3 No Activity FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 40 January 2, 2025 2.4.2 Utilities Attached to Bridge Tier 1 -No Activity Tier 2Maintenance, repair, or in- kind(one-for-one) replacement of existing utilities using similar or smaller size lines and using similar , methods of attachment. Utilities attached to the bridge may be maintained, repaired, or replaced in-kind. Replacement conduit .w - smaller or equal in size to the existing is allowed if the w •i' v. location of the conduit and connection hardware are r' ',s' . tom" ^,�"��•` :. the same as existing. : r " Tier 3—Installation of new or replacement of existing utility lines Figure 26:Broken Utility Conduit Attached to a Bridge attached to bridge requiring modifications to bridge structure. The installation of new utilities or relocation/replacement of existing utilities in a different location or area on the bridge or modifications to bridge structure to accommodate the utilities requires review and approval by a SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 41 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 2.5 REMNANT STRUCTURES 2.5.0 Background Remnant Structures are old or abandoned transportation elements like abutments,piers and retaining walls that were constructed and part of an older transportation structure that no longer exist but are considered part of the existing historic bridge. These structures can provide a historical reference for a previous roadway or stream alignment and can also possess characteristics of varying degrees of historic integrity. Therefore,this section deals with the treatment of remnant structures that can be either within or outside of the 10'-0"Archaeological Clear Zone. 2.5.1 Old Abutments, Piers, and Retaining Walls If an old abutment,pier, or retaining wall is identified in association with the historic bridge,its treatment shall be a Tier 3 activity. Tier 1 —No Activity Tier 2—No Activity Tier 3 An SOI Qualified Professional shall assess the remnant structure's historic significance and review the proposed project activities that might be associated with or impact the remnant structures. In all cases, an SOI Qualified Professional will be required to evaluate and assess the remnant structure's historic significance and review and evaluate the proposed activities. Depending on the activity,the remnant structure can be: 1. avoided, 2. repaired following the guidance in this manual, or 3. Agreement doesn't apply to this activity due to non-avoidance and extensive repairs judged by the SOI Qualified Professional as not allowed under this Agreement. The undertaking shall be evaluated per the conventional Section 106 process (36 CFR 800.3 to 800.6). Additional guidance is presented and discussed below: ➢ Avoidance of the remnant structure: If it is determined that the structure is to be left alone and nothing done to it, care shall be taken to avoid alteration or damage. This could be by maintaining a buffer zone around the resource,protecting the resource with walls or barricades, and notifying and educating all construction personnel working on the project. Additionally, documentation of the condition of the structure prior to work activities and following the completion of the work in addition to monitoring the structure during the work shall be required. ➢ Repair following the guidance manual: If it is determined that the remnant structure needs to be repaired as part of the historic bridge repair activities and the SOI Qualified Professional FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 42 January 2, 2025 determines that the repairs align with the guidance outlined in this manual,then the repairs to the remnant structure shall proceed as outlined in this manual. For example,if an old abutment is left in place in front of the in-service abutment and is providing scour protection,but it is undermined,then the old abutment undermining can be repaired as outlined in this guidance manual. ➢ Agreement doesn't apply,non-avoidance or repairs required: If the SOI Qualified Professional determines that the project activities will not avoid the remnant structure or that the repairs to the remnant structures do not fall within the guidelines and the Agreement does not apply. 2.5.2 Flume or Irrigation Structure For a flume or irrigation structure to be included in this Agreement,it will need to be within the 10'-0" archaeological clear zone of an eligible historic bridge structure and evaluated and assessed for its historic significance by an SOI Qualified Professional. There are three ways flume or irrigation structures can be treated under the Tier 3 category. Tier 1 —No Activity Tier 2—No Activity Tier 3—An SOI Qualified Professional shall assess the flume or irrigation structure's historic significance and review the proposed project activities that might be associated with or impact the structures. There are three options available under this activity: In all cases an SOI Qualified Professional will be required to evaluate the proposed activities for flume or irrigation structures. Depending on the activity,the flume or irrigation structure can be avoided, it can be repaired following the guidance in this manual, or the Agreement doesn't apply to this activity due to non-avoidance and extensive repairs judged by the SOI Qualified Professional as unallowable under this Agreement. Additional guidance presented above applies here. 1. avoided, 2. repaired following the guidance in this manual, 3. Agreement doesn't apply to this activity due to non-avoidance and extensive repairs judged by the SOI Qualified Professional as not allowed under this Agreement. The undertaking shall be evaluated per the Section 106 process (36 CFR 800.3 to 800.6). 2.5.3 Miscellaneous Structures The treatment of miscellaneous structures like crane pad foundations, railroad features,pump house relics, or non-transportation structures that may occur within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone are not included in this Agreement. If the SOI Professional determines that they are present within the area of potential effects,then the undertaking and the miscellaneous structure shall be evaluated per the Section 106 process (36 CFR 800.3 to 800.6). FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 43 January 2, 2025 END OF CHAPTER CHAPTER 3.0 ROADWAY 3.1.0 Background Bridge pavement maintenance contributes to vehicle safety and is often essential to the longevity of a historic bridge as it can protect against water infiltration to the structure below. Degraded deck wearing surfaces should be routinely maintained and replaced when a specified threshold is reached. Periodic repair or replacement of a historic bridge's roadway surface should be done with like materials (ex: replace wood with wood)per the SOI's Standards for Treatment of Historic Properties. Roadway surface maintenance varies by material. Additionally, all existing crowns or slopes shall be maintained or improved to allow for proper roadway surface drainage, (see below). 3.1.1 Bridge Wearing Surface and Paving Concrete The determination to maintain, repair, or replace a concrete wearing surface is based on the percentage of delamination and/or spalled surface present,chloride contamination,and condition of the deck soffits. Testing may be required to verify the condition of the concrete wearing surface, which may be done by chain drag,thermographic imagery, or ground penetrating radar(GPR)and should be performed by qualified professionals (see Chapter 4 for additional information on concrete testing). Surface replacement should be Figure 27:Pothole in AC Wearing Surface and Cracks in done when the existing concrete wearing surface the Concrete Deck is more than 30 to 40%spalled or delaminated. There are a variety of repair strategies that may be used depending on the existing conditions. Tier 1—Replacement of wearing surface to match existing. Tier 2—Repair of existing concrete deck or wearing surface to match existing. Temporary patch using material dissimilar to existing provided longer term patch using material to match existing is completed within 90 days of initial work. Repair of an existing concrete deck or wearing surface may be done using a dissimilar material, such as Asphaltic Concrete, as a temporary and urgent measure to prevent further degradation of the surface. A permanent repair using concrete repair material (match the existing concrete wearing surface) should be done within 90 days (the temporary AC patch shall be replaced with a matching concrete patch).When spalling is present, specific repair techniques are vital to the longevity and effectiveness of the work (refer to Chapter 1 for information on Spall Repair). Structural overlays may be required if significant FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 44 January 2, 2025 delamination and/or deterioration is present. Placing a new concrete surface over an existing one will lead to extra loading on the structure (refer to Chapter 3 below for wearing surface loading considerations). Tier 3 Permanent repair or replacement of wearing surface with material dissimilar to existing. Repair or replacement of a concrete wearing surface with a dissimilar material is not recommended. Approval from an SOI Qualified Professional is required to ensure that the existing wearing surface is not a contributing characteristic to the historic bridge. Thin polymer overlays may be used for concrete wearing surfaces with moderate traffic and chloride concentration levels below sub-threshold levels at the steel reinforcement depth but should be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional prior to installation. Asphaltic Concrete(AC) The determination to maintain,repair, or replace an AC wearing surface is based on the percentage of delaminated surface or rutting depths. Testing may be required to verify the condition of the AC wearing surface, and testing may be done by thermographic imagery or ground penetrating radar and should be performed by qualified professionals (see Chapter 4 for information on AC testing). If more than 30 to 40%of the wearing surface is delaminated, resurfacing should be considered. Prior to placement of the new AC overlay, a waterproofing membrane should be placed on top of the underlying deck, and subsequent asphalt overlays must either replace this membrane or ensure that the membrane is not damaged. If the AC wearing surface covers a concrete deck and will be replaced,the condition of the concrete should be investigated while exposed. If the underlying concrete requires repairs,it shall be conducted prior to placing the new AC wearing surface and follow the guidance provided in Chapter 1 for concrete repair. Tier 1 -AC patch of existing - wearing surface. AC patch on an - AC paved roadway. - .t Tier 2-Repair or replacement ri,y of wearing surface with AC ,, � matching the existing. The subsurface should be clean and free of loose material prior to installation of the new wearing surface. Ensure water proofing membrane is applied following manufacturers' recommendations. Figure 28:Significant Deterioration in AC Wearing Surface Tier 3-Replacement of wearing surface with material dissimilar to existing. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 45 January 2, 2025 Steel Grid Steel grid decks are susceptible to fatigue cracking and intermittent welded repairs must be performed. When steel grid decks are replaced,new members have greater fatigue resistance and close inspection of the stringer top flanges should be performed as wear grooves may be present. Stringer and floorbeam replacement should be strongly considered if grooves,cracks, or section loss are present. Refer to Chapter 1 for additional material repair information. Tier 1 - Welded repair offatigue cracks in existing grid.In-kind replacement of a small section of the Ri '7i,*"' r . r, 1 , .t w existinggrid. " e ► Orr 40 f '" 'M 10 +�r, ir 7 Tier 2-Replacing existing grating with new or ..' ;.`i 1 , similar design and material properties. -kili- N 1 ` I P I 110 . Inspections of the stringer top flange should take 0 - o, 4010000 place when this work is performed. If damage is found on the stringers,they can also be replaced • ' ',, sur;W r r.;:: ,- i A ,01 in-kind. If not using in-kind or similar stringers, vIP" Y refer to Tier 3 instructions below. t I Tier 3-Modification to existing or replacement of existing wearing surface to enhance performance. Figure 29:Missing Steel Deck Grating Cross Bars Replacement of existing wearing surface with dissimilar material or design. Compatibility should be checked between the new grating and the existing support structure. Inspection of the existing stringers is particularly vital as the existing grating may have caused damage over time. If the existing stringers are to be replaced with dissimilar members,it should be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional prior to commencement of work. There may be scenarios where augmentation or alteration of steel grid decks are required to achieve a higher level of tire traction. Approval of an SOI Qualified Professional must determine whether the existing steel grid deck is a historic character-defining feature of the bridge. Wood Wood deck wearing surfaces should be routinely replaced when there is evidence of material deterioration. The dimensions of replacement members should match those of the member(s)being replaced. Replace wood members with like species whenever possible. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 46 January 2, 2025 Tier 1 -Replacement of timber planks. Replacement of existing timber wearing surface with new boards matching the existing dimensions and species. Tier 2 No Activity. Tier 3-Replacement of existing wearing surface with dissimilar material. Figure 30: Typical Timber Deck Planks The SOI Qualified Professional must determine whether the existing wood deck is a historic character- defining feature of the bridge. 3.1.2 Surface Sealing Sealers prolong the longevity of the wearing surface. Routine application of sealers is encouraged, provided they do not alter the appearance of the wearing surface. The processes for wearing surface sealing vary by material. Concrete Surface repair and preparation should be performed prior to the application of concrete sealers. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2 Application of sealer to existing wearing surface when sealer is clear or impregnating with no darkening or discoloration to existing surface. Concrete must be clean and free of loose material prior to sealing. Power washing is recommended, provided it does not damage the surface. Unless using a crack-filling sealer(such as methacrylate), surface cracks and spalls should be repaired prior to sealing (see Chapters 1). Surface should be dry before applying sealer. Apply sealer only if the air temperature is within the manufacturer's recommended range. Allow it to cure prior to use. Tier 3 Application of sealer to existing wearing surface when sealer darkens, discolors, or alters the color of the existing surface. Applying a new sealer to an existing concrete surface that causes darkening or discoloration should be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional prior to commencement of work. Material test sampling may be required. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 47 January 2, 2025 Asphaltic Concrete Sealing is an effective way to renew old asphalt surfaces that have become dry and brittle with age, and to seal small surface cracks and surface voids. Tier 1 -Application of sealer to existing AC wearing surface showing little or no signs of cracking or voids. Tier 2-Application of sealer to existing AC wearing surface showing signs of cracking or voids. Sealing should be done as soon as any signs of cracking,voids, or other distress are observed. Cracks in the existing AC wearing surface should be repaired prior to sealing. Do not over fill cracks with repair material. The top of crack repair material should be 1/8 to 1/4 inch below the surface of the surrounding AC. Once the cracks are filled with the repair material,the surface can be thoroughly sealed. Seal only when the existing surface is dry and free of loose material,using a light application of asphalt emulsion. Traffic shall not be allowed onto the newly sealed surface until the seal has cured and absorbed into the existing AC surface,following manufacturers' recommendations. Tier 3 No Activity. Wood Deck Protective systems are necessary to resist decay and rot in timber bridge decks. There are a variety of agents and techniques used historically to achieve decay resistance,including the use of specific species with natural decay resistance, chemical and pressure treatment/fumigation,paints,and water repellants. Tier 1 -Routine reapplication of water repellant sealer over existing applications of the same composition and color matching. Tier 2—Application of sealer to existing wood deck surface when sealer is a clear or impregnating coating with no or only minor darkening and no discoloration. Any new sealer should match the original as closely as possible without color change aside from a slight darkening. Prior to conducting this work, a small inconspicuous area shall be evaluated to ensure that the final dried product meets the requirements listed above. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 48 January 2, 2025 Reapplying water repellant sealers in the field is part of routine maintenance. This should begin by removing anything that might inhibit the new sealer from penetrating into the wood. Prepare the existing wood by removing any dirt,mildew, loose and weathered wood fibers,and old sealers. Application of a stripping agent may be necessary to remove severe weathering,graying,black mildew and failed or discolored oil-based sealer. A thick sanding with 80 grit sandpaper after stripping will remove any wood fuzz that inevitably appears after stripping. Apply new sealer per manufacturer's recommendations,making sure the air temperature is within the recommended range. Any new sealer should match the historic sealer in level of ; transparency,tone, and color as closely as possible. Field application of fumigants does not affect the outward appearance of the wood and �`►!. h, Jow— needs no further guidance. For painted surfaces, r *" the new paint color should match that of the ►.�'►�•__ original. Prepare the existing surface by removing �► any dirt,mildew, loose and weathered wood fibers,and failing paint. Refer to Chapter 5 for additional information on painting wood. N Tier 3-Application of sealer when sealer causes changes to the color of the existing wood wearing surface. Figure 31:Timber Deck and Timber Planks Application of a sealer causes changes to the color or texture of the existing wood wearing surface. Approval of an SOI Qualified Professional must determine whether the existing deck is a character defining feature of the bridge. 3.1.3 Surface Drainage Keeping roadway surfaces free from standing water is vital for vehicle safety, longevity of the wearing surface,and protection against water infiltration to the structure below. Additionally, it is important to ensure there are no leaks or entry points for water to penetrate the interior of the structure. If standing water is present on a roadway or there is evidence of water penetration to the structure interior, action should be taken to remedy the problem. Keeping drainage pathways open and clear should be a part of routine maintenance, and measures used for such maintenance should be non-destructive. Cleaning Tier 1—Clearing debris from roadway surfaces using non-invasive methods. Sweeping off the bridge deck. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 49 January 2, 2025 Tier 2—Clearing debris from roadway surfaces using compressed air or pressurized water. The continuity of the existing drainage system should first be checked to ensure that leakage into the structure is not occurring. All cleaning methods should not damage the bridge or drainage system. Cleaning can be done using hand tools, or by using compressed air or pressurized water. Refer to Chapter 1 for the recommended pressures for various cleaning activities. If pressurized water is used,test the water pressure in an inconspicuous area. If damage occurs,reduce water pressure,and repeat Figure 32:Ponding Water on the Deck testing until no damage is detectable.Where standing water accumulates, repairs to existing wearing surface may be necessary. Refer to sections above regarding wearing surface repairs. Tier 3—Modifying existing wearing surface to facilitate better drainage. Replacement of existing wearing surface to facilitate better drainage. Also refer to Chapter 3 for wearing surface information. If ponding occurs on a roadway surface,the surface may need to be resurfaced in part or whole to ensure proper drainage. Refer to Chapter 3 above for information on wearing surface replacement. This activity shall be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional prior to commencement of work. Drainage Pathways Routine inspection of existing drainage pathways such as scuppers,gutters, conduits,pipes, and swales are recommended to determine whether they are clear and operating properly. Ideally, drainage pathways will carry surface water from the roadway and safely deliver it away from the structure without causing structural damage or subsequent erosion. Tier 1 - Clearing debris from scuppers and drain lines using non-destructive methods. Clearing pathways of dirt and debris using non-destructive methods. Tier 2- Use of approved mechanical devices to open clogged drain lines.Maintenance of existing drainage lines. If water pathways are open to visual inspection,removal of the obstruction shall be performed using non- destructive cleaning methods including sweeping and low-pressure power washing. If drainage pathways are wholly or partially obscured from view, as in the case of internalized gutters and drain lines. Advanced inspection methods/techniques shall be used to identify the blockage and severity. If blockage is detected,the drainage pathway may be rooted,augured, or blown out using low pressure water or FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 50 January 2, 2025 pressurized air. High pressure (above 1500 psi)water should be avoided as it may damage drain lines. Following any clearing drainage pathways, re-test water flow using non-pressurized water to ensure proper drainage has been restored. Maintenance of existing drainage lines,which might include the repair or replacement of drainpipes with in-kind material. Tier 3—Modifying existing drain lines on the bridge structure. Installation of new drainage lines. There are cases where the existing drainage pathways are designed to deliver storm water directly into contact with the historic structure, causing deterioration. This should be addressed, and any alterations should be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional. 3.1.4 Wearing Surface Loading The weight of wearing surfaces contributes to the dead load of the structure.Where subsequent wearing surfaces are added on top of existing,the added dead load reduces the structure's live load capacity, which may eventually result in weight restrictions and weight limit postings. Adding a new wearing surface over an existing one should be avoided so that load limits are not exceeded or compromised. This will require a structural analysis by a qualified structural engineer prior to doing the work. Consideration of the following should be included when adding (or removing)wearing surfaces: ➢ Additional load on existing deck, superstructure, and substructure. Including construction equipment. ➢ Flattening (or crowning/sloping)of vertical profile or camber occurring within bridge limits. ➢ Continuity of drainage pathways from wearing surface and location of drainage scuppers or drain holes in the deck. ➢ Transitions to approaches. ➢ To avoid damage to existing curbs, ensure that the curbs will not be covered or buried by the new wearing surface. If the existing wearing surface depth is unknown,testing is required prior to the application of a new surface. The use of non-destructive testing such as ground penetrating radar or small diameter drill bits may be used to determine the depth of the wearing surface and any subsequent layers below.When using a drill to determine the depth, conduct the drilling in an inconspicuous location. Another location that could be used to determine the depth of the wearing surface is at scuppers or drain holes in the deck. Concrete Wearing Surface Loading Concrete wearing surface overlays will not increase a structure's dead load if the existing concrete top surface is removed and the combined thickness of the two is equal to or less than the thickness of the previous overlay. Historic bridges were originally designed for smaller truck loads (H10,H15,H20)than is required today(HL 93, FL120). Any added dead load takes away from overall capacity;therefore, FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 51 January 2, 2025 lightening the dead load helps to increase the live load capacity and useful life of the historic bridge. The use of scarifying equipment and tools to remove concrete or AC shall only be used with the approval of the Bridge Engineer to avoid structural damage to the bridge. Tier 1—Removal of non-original wearing surfaces layered on top of a historic bridge's original concrete wearing surface or the original concrete wearing surface.In-kind replacement of an existing concrete wearing surface. Tier 2—Adding a new wearing surface over an existing of the same material. If after engineering analysis it is determined that an additional wearing surface may be added without the removal of previous layers,the new surface should match the previous surface in material characteristics. Tier 3—Adding a new wearing surface of dissimilar material. Adding a new AC wearing surface over an existing of dissimilar material or when all considerations listed above have not been satisfied. This activity shall be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional prior to commencement of work. Asphaltic Concrete Wearing Surface Loading When AC overlay resurfacings are planned, determine the thickness of the existing wearing' surface,and verify that it does not exceed; �, i" t permissible thicknesses noted on the original construction drawings. If no construction drawings are available,a maximum combined 3- .- inch wearing surface that includes new and existing overlays is recommended. The use of scarifying equipment and tools to remove concrete or AC shall only be used with the approval of the Bridge Engineer. Figure 33:Excessive AC Build Up Tier 1—Removal of non-original wearing surfaces layered on top of a historic bridge's original wearing surface or the original deck. In-kind replacement of an existing AC wearing surface. Tier 2—Adding a new AC wearing surface over an existing of the same material. If after engineering analysis it is determined that an additional wearing surface may be added without the removal of previous layers,the new surface should match the previous surface in material characteristics. Tier 3—Adding a new wearing surface of dissimilar material. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 52 January 2, 2025 Adding a new AC wearing surface over an existing of dissimilar material or when all considerations listed above have not been satisfied. This activity shall be approved by an SOI Qualified Professional prior to commencement of work. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 53 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 3.2 RAILINGS AND PARAPETS 3.2.0 Background Historic bridge railings are varied in material and configuration and cannot be generalized. Often,railings do not meet crash,height, or closure requirements. The intent of this chapter is to address in-kind repair of damaged, deteriorated,or missing components of existing railings that do not require upgrades. If guidance in this section is followed,the intent of the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties will be met. Maintaining the character-defining features of railings is of particular importance as they are visible elements of historic bridges, and often e - I considered character-defining features I , contributing to the bridge's historic significance. w w r A railing's design,workmanship and material usually speak to a bridge's period of significance �' r- and the era when the bridge entered service. Therefore,the goal of in-kind railing repair is to maintain the original as closely as possible and minimize alterations. All new work should Figure 34:Historic Bridge Railing match the old in material, design, scale, color, finish, and texture. The following addresses in-kind railing repair considerations by material type. 3.2.1 Bridge Railing and Parapet Repairs Stone Using the original material to make repairs is preferred(refer to Chapter 1 for stone and mortar repair). Tier 1 -No Activity. Tier 2-Repair or replacement of dislodged individual stones with same (existing) material. Repointing using mortar matching existing characteristics of type, color, strength, and tooling. Rebuild damaged parapets and copings with the original stones, if possible. These stones may have been dislodged and are sometimes found near the bridge or in the streambed. If it is not possible to reuse the original stones,then they should be replaced in-kind,matching the existing stones in type, size, cut, texture/finish,and color. The repaired section should replicate the coursing of the existing section. Repointing of mortar should match the existing mortar in strength,tooling,texture, and craftsmanship. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual 54 January 2, 2025 Tier 3 Repair or replacement of missing or deteriorated stones with new material matching existing, when the previously existing material cannot be found or used. Repointing using mortar dissimilar to existing characteristics of type, color, strength, and tooling. All activities judged in Tier 3 by SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effect are excluded from this Agreement. Concrete Minor repair of railings and parapets is most commonly necessitated by spalling.Where spall repairs are required at corners, edges, or decorative features,the finish concrete lines,corners, edges, and features shall be continuous and seamless in final appearance and shall not have any discontinuities,breaks, separation,or jogs. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—Spall repairs that put back the original shape,figure, and texture to the concrete railing are allowed. (Refer to Chapter 1.3 for concrete repairs). Test samples may be required to ensure the repair will match the existing. The Bridge Engineer shall also verify that the concrete strengths of the repair are comparable to the existing concrete. Tier 3 Repair or replacement of decorative end treatments or ?� balusters of historic concrete railings. Additions or changes �" �,� ;;', -� to the look and/or design of the railing that differs from the original railing. , All activities judged in Tier 3 by SOI Qualified • Professional to have potential for adverse effect are excluded from this Agreement. Figure 35:Decorative End Treatments of a Historic Bridge Metal Metal composition and fastening technologies have changed over time. Prior to work commencing,the type of metal should be identified as each metal has its own properties. Replacement using in-kind material and dimension is preferred whenever possible (ex: aluminum for aluminum). Tier 1 —No Activity. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 55 January 2, 2025 Tier 2—Repair and replacement of in-kind metal railing components and connection hardware;provided the dimensions and finish match the existing(Refer to Chapter 1.4 for metal repairs). Replacement of older,worn-out, or damaged iron or steel railing components with newer steel alloys may be allowed as long as the replacement railing components are of a similar dimension. In the case of iron, the material is no longer readily available to replace in-kind. Carbon or mild steel may be used instead, provided the sectional dimensions match the original. Rivets may be replaced using buttonhead high- strength bolts,with the buttonhead facing outward toward the railing's most visible elevation. Refer to Chapter 1 for information on rivets. Square head and hex-head bolts should be replaced in-kind with bolts having heads of similar dimension. Any new finish system must match the existing appearance relative to color and sheen. Tier 3 Repair or replacement of historic metal railings having dissimilar material, finish, dimensions, attachment methods or locations. Additions or changes to the look and/or design of the railing that differs from the original railing. All activities judged in Tier 3 by SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effect are excluded from this Agreement. Wood It is common for historic wood bridges to be painted or coated. If coated, all repairs to the railing should be painted or coated to match the existing color,texture, and sheen. Also see Chapter 2.5 for information. } Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—Damaged or deteriorated wood railing components may be replaced in- Figure 36:Timber Railing of an Historic Bridge kind provided the dimensions and finish match the existing(Refer to Chapter 1.5 for wood repairs). The substitution of species or newer preservative treatments is permissible particularly when they are more decay-resistant or environmentally sustainable. Fastening hardware should be matched as closely as possible to the hardware of the existing railing. Tier 3—Repair or Replacement of deteriorated wood members with members of different material, dimensions, species, or finish. Additions or changes to the look and/or design of the railing that differs from the original railing. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 56 January 2, 2025 All activities judged in Tier 3 by SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effect are excluded from this Agreement. 3.2.2 Bridge Railing Upgrades Upgrading historic railings to meet current standards typically involves alteration to the materiality, design, and scale in the railing components,potentially impacting the historic characteristics of the bridge. Railing upgrades are defined as those projects that do not result in complete railing replacement. Since there are many types of railings and upgrade scenarios,railing upgrades of historic bridges should be managed on a case-by-case basis in consultation with a SOI Qualified Professional. If an SOI Qualified Professional determines that a bridge's railings contribute to the bridge's historic characteristics,then a full railing replacement must not contribute to an adverse effect or will not be allowed under this Agreement. There are approaches that may meet the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties under the category of`Rehabilitation' when considering railing upgrades. A railing upgrade project should meet at least one of the following criteria and must be reviewed by an SOI Qualified Professional to determine if it is non-adverse per the provisions of the Agreement: ➢ Adding strength to an existing railing to meet AASHTO and HDOT standards. ➢ Adding new barriers inboard of existing barriers to preserve the original barrier. ➢ Replacing an existing railing with a compatible new railing when it is determined that the existing railing is itself a replacement that does not contribute to the historic bridge's significance (e.g., a bridge that originally had concrete parapets to its period of significance of 1920 but had those parapets replaced less than 50 years ago by metal three-beam guiderails). ➢ Adding height and/or member density to meet pedestrian guardrail requirements. Tier 1 No activities. Tier 2 No activities. Tier 3-Replacement or ` modification of existing barriers or railings to meet current safety standards, maintaining the :, historic integrity of the existing. I -1 • Must meet at least one of the criteria listed above and requires the review and approval of an SOI Figure 37:Historic Bridge Railing Upgrade Qualified Professional. 3.2.3 Plaques and Inscriptions It is not uncommon for historic bridges to have permanent inscriptions,either embossed or incised, such as bridge name and construction dates cast into or mounted on them. These are historically significant, FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 57 January 2, 2025 and their preservation is significant to the historic character of the bridge overall. As the material ages, these inscriptions require particular care in maintaining their appearance. Maintenance of historic inscriptions is unique to the material being used and requires thoughtful and skilled care. Tier 1 No activities. Tier 2—Cleaning and repairing existing plaques and inscriptions. (Refer to Chapter 1 for additional information on cleaning various materials). Cleaning and repairing existing plaques and inscriptions should be done using non-destructive methods. Refer to Chapter 1 for information on the cleaning of specific materials. Tier 3-Altering, moving, obscuring, replicating existing impressions. Adding new inscription. Altering,moving, obscuring, or replicating existing impressions, or adding new inscription required the approval of a SOI Qualified Professional. 3.2.4 Attaching Approach Guardrails Given the variety of guardrails and bridge railing designs in the historic bridge inventory,there are no prescriptive solutions that can be provided to cover all situations. As such, approval of a SOI Qualified Professional will generally be required. If approach guardrails exist at the bridge and they are attached to the historic bridge railing,then in-kind replacements are allowed under Tier 2, see below. When adding new approach guardrails or upgrading existing ones, it should be done in a way that is consistent with, and complementary to,the historic bridge. This too will require the approval of an SOI Qualified Professional and would be considered a Tier 3 Activity. Tier 1No activities. Tier 2—In-kind repairs or replacements of existing guardrails and connections at the parapet/railing ends. The material type, size, appearance, connection hardware, connection method, and connection location all must match the existing to be considered"in-kind"repairs or replacements. Tier 3-Replacement of approach guardrail connections to meet current safety standards (upgrades).Attaching approach guardrails to the bridge parapet/railing when not previously attached. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 58 January 2, 2025 Replacement of approach guardrail connections to meet current safety standards and attaching approach guardrails to the bridge parapet/railing when not previously attached requires the approval of a SOI Qualified Professional. Figure 38 shows an approach guardrail connected to a concrete bridge railing. Both the concrete railing and steel approach guardrail are damaged. The following tier repairs could be used under this Agreement. ➢ Tier 3 for the concrete spall repairs to the I end railing pier that the steel approach .� guardrail is attached to. ➢ Tier 2 for the concrete spall repairs to the � concrete railing (Texas Cross Railing). � ' wikk ➢ Tier 2 for the in-kind repair/replacement of the steel approach guardrail with Figure 38:Approach Guardrail Attachment to Railings similar connection hardware. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 59 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 3.3 SIDEWALKS 3.3.0 Background Sidewalks provide a designated area/pathway for pedestrians to cross the bridge. Sidewalks can be raised or on grade (with the roadway). Generally,this document treats the repair and maintenance of sidewalks per material type and material deterioration(see Chapter 1 for additional information). If it is determined that all or part of a historic bridge is required to meet the Americans with Disabilities Act(ADA),then all prescribed design criteria must be followed for all accessible pedestrian routes across the bridge, including pathway width, slope,railings, and approaches. ADA exceptions may be granted provided it can be demonstrated that satisfying these requirements cannot be achieved without adverse effects to the historic bridge, or the cost of the necessary alterations exceeds an established percentage of the overall budget for the work being proposed. The granting of such exceptions is outside the scope of this agreement. 3.3.1 Raised Sidewalks and Accessibility If existing sidewalk(s)are elevated above the roadway,they will need to address current codes regarding accessibility whenever possible. This may require installing ramps on bridge approaches or providing an alternative pathway along an accessible route. Tier 1 —No Activity. Tier 2—Maintenance or repair of existing materials, including spalling, deterioration, or section loss with in-kind materials and finishes. (Refer to Chapter 1 for additional information). Maintenance or repair of existing materials, including spalling,deterioration,or section loss with in-kind materials and finishes, and adhering to the intent and principles stated above. Refer to Chapter 1 for additional information on repair of materials. Tier 3 Maintenance or repair of existing materials, including spalling, deterioration, or section loss with dissimilar materials and finishes. Pathway modifications to meet accessibility standards. (Refer to Chapter 1 for additional information). Repairs using dissimilar materials and finishes from the existing and any pathway modifications to meet accessibility standards require the approval of a SOI Qualified Professional. 3.3.2 Sidewalks Level with Roadway Where sidewalks are provided level with the roadway,delineation and separation of automobile and pedestrian traffic must meet AASHTO and HDOT regulations. Refer to Chapter 5 regarding paint striping. The addition of roadway markers requires the approval of an SOI Qualified Professional. Tier 1 —No Activity. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 60 January 2, 2025 Tier 2—Maintenance or repair of existing materials, including spalling, deterioration, or section loss with in-kind materials and finishes. (Refer to Chapter 1 for additional information). Maintenance or repair of existing materials,including spalling, deterioration, or section loss with in-kind materials and finishes, and adhering to the intent and principles stated above. Refer to Chapter 1 for additional information on repair of materials. Tier 3—Modifications to existing or installation of new pedestrian pathways. Any modifications to the existing at-grade sidewalk and any pathway modifications to meet accessibility standards requires the approval of a SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 61 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 3.4 TRAFFIC CONTROL 3.4.0 Background The presence of traffic control devices, such as traffic signals,traffic gates, and navigational lights on bridges is somewhat rare,but when present can contribute to the bridge's historic character.Whenever possible,they should be repaired or replaced with in-kind fixtures. Before conducting any work, adjacent utilities should be identified, and the utility agency provider notified of the proposed work activities. 3.4.1 Traffic Control Lights Tier 1—Repair or replacement of fixture components in-kind. The maintenance,repair, and replacement of the existing fixtures are allowed with matching,in-kind fixtures and components. The replacement component(s) shall be to preserve the historic integrity and intent of the component's use. Tier 2—No Activity Tier 3—Replacement of fixtures or components with dissimilar appearance or look than the original. Adding new fixtures where none exist. Methods of attachment must not leave permanent marks on existing bridges. All activities judged in Tier 3 by SOI Qualified Professional to have a potential for adverse effects are excluded from this Agreement. END OF CHAPTER FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 62 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 4.0 TESTING 4.1.0 Background Often with historic bridges the design plans and/or as-built plans are missing as well as information on the strength of materials used to construct the bridge structure. To properly assess the strength of the bridge, material samples will be removed and tested to determine the existing properties. Site disturbance and geotechnical borings are generally covered by the Agreement if they are preformed within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. If site disturbances or geotechnical boring work is required outside of the clear zone,then it is excluded from the Agreement. Temporary access pathways for personnel and equipment to the construction areas within the clear zone are not considered site disturbances, if the existing ground surface is not disturbed. All construction,pathways, and laydown areas shall follow all Federal (and State) Best Management Practices (BMP)to mitigate environmental stressors created by these allowable activities. 4.1.1 Site Disturbance Tier 1 -All site disturbances within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. There is no limit to the depth of excavations conducted within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. If excavation activities are conducted, care should be taken to prevent damage to the bridge structure,which may involve erecting temporary structures (see Chapter 1 for additional guidance). Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3 No Activity. All site disturbance activities outside the 10'-0" archaeological clear zone are excluded from this Agreement. . 4.1.2 Geotechnical Boring Tier 1 — Work within the 10'-0" t■I! # ` a Archaeological Clear Zone. _- All geotechnical boring (or explorations) ; a , activities are allowable under the Agreement within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. There is no limit to the depth of bores or V explorations if it is conducted within the 10'-0" • �✓� !�: , archaeological clear zone. Care should be taken a; Figure 39: Geotechnical Boring in a Stream FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 63 January 2, 2025 to prevent damage to the bridge structure,which may involve erecting temporary structures (see Chapter 2.1.1). Tier 2—Drilling through the bridge deck or removing areas of the existing deck for access to the ground beneath the bridge within the 10'-0"archaeological - clear zone. (Refer to Chapter 1 • for concrete repair) The Tier 2 activity allows for removing portions of the deck(or core drilling through the deck) so • that the geotechnical boring shaft apparatus can i �{ pass through the deck and extend down to the ground level while the truck and drill rig apparatus remains on the deck/roadway above. Refer to Chapter 1 for guidance on material • repair methods allowed under this Agreement. Ensure that the bridge capacity(bridge load . rating)is sufficient to allow the drill rig, associated apparatus, and any other live loads on Figure 40. Geotechnical Boring Through Bridge Deck the deck. Care should be taken to prevent damage to the railings and other elements of the bridge. The reinforcing steel in the concrete deck should not be damaged. Use Ground Penetration Radar(GPR)to locate the reinforcing steel in the concrete and mark it on the deck so that it can be avoided when cutting through the deck. This work shall also be located within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. Tier 3—All geotechnical activities outside of the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone. Geotechnical work outside of the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone shall be reviewed and approved by an SOI Quality Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 64 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 4.2 IN-SITU MATERIAL STRENGTH ANALYSIS 4.2.0 Background With the advancement of new technologies,there are now numerous sensors that have been developed to analyze movement, rotation,vibration, and expansion. These types of sensors can be temporarily installed on the bridge and used to monitor or investigate the structure as needed. In all instances,these sensors are temporarily installed and will be removed once the investigation is complete. 4.2.1 Reinforced Concrete Tier 1 -Installation of temporary sensors. Refer to temporary structures (see Chapter 1). Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3 No Activity. 4.2.2 Structural Steel Tier 1 -Installation of temporary sensors. Refer to temporary structures (see Chapter 1). Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3 No Activity. 4.2.3 Wood Tier 1 -Installation of temporary sensors. Refer to temporary structures (see Chapter 1). Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3 No Activity. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 65 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 4.3 MATERIAL SAMPLING AND TESTING 4.3.0 Background I,,I,Ic toH.5.2.0-I I l lops"r Irtc 1 in cowry Compressive This chapter covers testing of the existing !etre..,•,t,°L.1%;4111Jlt,rrr(II "I:o.,,nry structural materials of the bridge. It is often Allowable inventory required by the design engineer to obtain the c'c,If,pt..-0..-str.•,,;, existing properties of the in-service material or "r`'^"5(rug, S ct"r+tal Arca.psi to evaluate the amount of internal deterioration r,ont r t°.rl„r, 1 Ih,• \1 accumulated over the bridge's lifetime. If the ( „;,,I,,,,,..,,4.titre, ,til of 41, ti t�;l1;r: material strength cannot be obtained from the I ”".r"''"' .,',` ;';' ra,rlt.tr t�.,,t.rt ',,,Ir.a°11:I.,}rr!\ .,I 1,,I,A, original as-built plans or construction ,Ir"I r+t1t.r,.•1.,1 rpt,°,.ot, specifications or archived DOT construction c.o. 4,c .1:,1;;,,II1 l-t+nic ur standards of the time that the bridge was c":'c'c:. hi wk.: N.1IfII)or s'.r.•.tier ;.II tlr) constructed,testing may be conducted. t +In „} IIr, 2.4(II) 160 140 Testing methods can be either non-destructive I. III I I s Ho o or destructive.Non-destructive methods are r:routecl,,,;r.,Il,ry.„I. I,I1, those that do not physically extract material "° Shah:. `''°idIIll,c"' concrete: from the structure being tested and are typically ,_4, 500 or greater "� 'no performed on the outside surface of the 2.400 too I,11' I structure. 1,500I i I C Hl solid masonry of solid concrete masonry units: Destructive testing involves physically 3.000 or et-cater -0,.; 20i, removing material from the structure for testing 2.I,I II, r-160 14{J and repairing the area with a material of similar I..7.0,0 1 t 5 1 t"' composition (i.e.,concrete with concrete, etc.). r. '"°'r,r< „r11„ill,ti� 1,,a.1 r,Larnw unit.,: Destructive testing should be the last resort is r luI I or uvatcr 110 121) when trying to determine material strength. If 1=f,r° i l Ion "" the material strength is not available via 1,1IIII I _ fir, i700t,iI +j documentation and non-destructive testing, or Stone ashlar c,,.IM,nr\. the results are not favorable when following (,r.Initc 2t, r,.1+, AASHTO's Manual of Bridge Evaluation, 3rd l tllte.tonc or marlllc 430 4I IrI S.Ind,Iontr or cast,t„r,r ;NI Z2I) Edition (2018), and other historic references, ' RI:1s111e.to:ie°I1.1.k,I;1\ then destructive testing maybe be utilized. I(„,11- . rotill.or r.Inllortn 120 1(H) ' Mortar i.1'I.1,,t:l:.l In.1.ccsii.:n...s:Eh:\\I\I 1. 270 ➢ Generally, all non-destructive testing methods will be considered a Tier 1 Figure 41:Allowable Compressive Stresses for Masonry activity and destructive testing methods will be either a Tier 2 or Tier 3 activity depending on where the sample is taken from on the bridge. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 66 January 2, 2025 4.3.1 Material Sampling and Testing Masonry Tier 1 -All non-destructive testing methods. The testing method must not leave any permanent marks or damage to the structure. Tier 2-Removal of a section of grout for testing can be performed as long as the grout is replaced with in-kind material. Removal of the grout between stone or masonry units is allowed for testing and/or chemical composition analysis. Care should be taken not to damage the adjacent stones or masonry units. Removal of grout should be done at the top of the structure and not the bottom to minimize instability of the structure. When replacing the grout ensure the final finish matches the existing grout texture and look. Tier 3-Remove a portion of the stone unit or masonry unit for strength and material verification. The replacement of the cut section shall be similar material and composition as the existing section removed. Ideally,the replacement unit would be from the same quarry or supply field as the existing units. Approval from a SOI Qualified Professional is required for this activity. Concrete Tier 1 -All non-destructive testing methods. Some allowable testing methods are: ➢ Impact Acoustic Testing I - ➢ Compression Testing g ➢ Chloride Ion Testing I it ➢ Infrared Thermography - ➢ Carbonation TestingIWO _ . ➢ Petrographic Analysis ' ➢ Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) Figure 42: Core Drilling Bridge Deck,Note the Reinforcing ➢ Corrosion Potential Survey(Half Cell) Markings from GPR Survey The testing method must not leave any permanent marks or damage to the structure. Tier 2-Core drilling for concrete strength and reinforcing verification, in hidden or obscured locations. The Manual of Bridge Evaluation provides conservative guidance for the concrete and reinforcing steel in Chapter 6B.5.2.4 and 6B.5.3.2,respectively(see Figures 41 and 42). FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B -Best Practices Manual 67 January 2, 2025 Destructive testing should be the last resort in obtaining material properties/strengths. Allowable locations that destructive samples can be taken shall be from areas that are in low stress zones in girders, floor beams,pier walls,pile caps,piles, footings, and soffits. Concrete cores can be obtained with a rotary cutting barrel tool with diamond bits on the barrel cutting tip (core bit). The drill assembly and stand are anchored to concrete with a concrete anchor or strap. Once the core drill assembly is secured and in place the core barrel is slowly lowered, cutting through the concrete. A water source is required when core drilling concrete,which is applied at the core bit's rotating tip to aid in cutting the concrete and to cut down on the amount of dust created. The dirty water shall be collected and disposed of properly. The core bit can commonly obtain 2-inch, 3-inch or 4-inch diameter cores,which can be used for testing. Cores can be several feet deep,but most often are only approximately six inches deep. Once the core is removed,the hole/void shall be completely filled with a cementitious grout or concrete mix with a compressive strength of 3,000 psi or higher. Prior to filling the hole/void, it shall be cleaned of any remaining water, concrete powder(from the cuttings), or any other foreign material. Tier 3- Core drilling of concrete members in visible locations (i.e., concrete railings, architectural end treatments). Approval from an SOI Qualified Professional is required for this activity. 6B.5.3.2—Reinforced Concrete 611. .2.-1 --( +inrreic The following are the yield stresses for reinforcing t!nrl ,te..e. in rnn .ele may be determined in steel. accordance ,A Ith ;l.w ti; 1 ,,.td Design Method of the AASHTO Standard Slieelli,.r;.,,n,(Article 8.15)or he based Yield Point,F, on IIx'Articles below.When:i ,rltiinate strength,l"„of the ti{cc I (Psi) rl`I L IL is unknown and on rete is in satisfactory nalaiun./' inay he deternri d prom Cable nfi 5.2.4-1. t ilk mown SIcc1 ip1.6.11'to 1 15-11 33,000 iI1"ilitLIr I (il":xlr 36.000 I able filt.5.2.4 I Illumable 1111'(uii.roe Hiller or]nlrrn ediatc Grade :nid I ]ikno\\(l:I tie]" 1954 t(+r;ldc 40) 40.000 } •;I lio:k kttil ul'l iar'il(ii-de{(iratie 30) 50.000 Fir in, I o;'! '•�I'If1 (9raLlr(,il 60J)01i �r 1a%1 i 3,II1 I n,r n]e,rr ,•eti, tn.rete componcnl.,the i,„I;I ;C.:;,c Figure 44:Allowable Steel Stresses in Concrete rLt:�1I1.,1),+v.];,11",1,e]nay be increased by herernt Figure 43:Allowable Unit Stresses for Concrete Steel Tier 1 -All non-destructive testing methods. Some allowable testing methods are: ➢ Spark Testing ➢ Hardness Testing ➢ Portable Thickness Gauge Testing ➢ Ultrasonic Testing (UT) FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 68 January 2, 2025 ➢ Dye Penetrant Testing (DPT) ➢ Magnetic Particle Testing (MP) The testing method must not leave any permanent marks or damage to the structure. Tier 2-Removal of steel coupons in hidden or obscured locations. Recent discussions regarding steel sampling suggest that removal is generally unnecessary due to the destructive removal of load bearing material and the discovery that the material properties for early steels are more uniformly consistent than once considered(Evaluation of Iron &Steel in Historic Bridges, S. Patrick Sparks, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions, Bath, UK, 2008). If steel samples, called coupons, are needed they are best obtained by flame cutting a square coupon from a steel beam or a flexural member,mid-height in the web and within the middle third of the beam's span. The resulting web void should be filled with a flush plate welded to the original section. Wrought iron was used for structural bridge components up until 1895 or 1896. The first documented use of structural steel for bridge construction is in 1871. Structural steel replaced wrought iron in bridge Table 6.Lfi1,I-I liiiii.mutu lle('l1:IHif'aI Properties of construction due to production capabilities and greater ti,,.,,,.,,,,;,1 ,;,r„t r.111q1-114.11011 tensile strength. Generally,wrought iron,used on bridges for structural purposes only through the 1890s,is considered to have similar material properties as that of steel during the same period. The Manual for Bridge Evaluation provides conservative guidance for the yield and tensile strengths of concrete and reinforcing steel in Chapter 6A.6.2.1. Figure 45:Minimum Structural Steel Properties by Year of Construction Tier 3—Removal of steel coupons in steel members in visible locations (i.e., steel railings, trough trusses, etc.). Approval from an SOI Qualified Professional is required for this activity. Wood Tier 1 -All non-destructive testing methods. Some allowable testing methods are: ➢ Pick Penetration assessments ➢ Increment Borer(Pencil Core) ➢ Resistance Drill FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 69 January 2, 2025 The testing method must not leave any permanent marks or damage to the structure. Tier 2-Removal of timber coupons in hidden or obscured locations Timber coupons should not be taken out of the tension zones of the timber structure but taken from compression and/or zero moment zones. The area where the coupon is removed should be repaired(filled in)with a full depth timber plug. Timber coupons can be extracted from timber elements similar to concrete cores,with a rotary cutting barrel tool. The drill assembly and stand are anchored to the timber member with straps or other means of non-destructive anchoring. Once the core drill assembly is secured and in place and the core barrel is slowly lowered, cutting through the timber. Timber cores can be 1-inch to 6-inch diameter, depending on the sample size required to be tested. Cores can be several feet deep,but most often are only approximately six inches deep. Tier 3—Removal of timber coupons in timber members in non-obscured or hidden locations (i.e., steel railings, trough trusses, etc.). Approval from an SOI Qualified Professional is required for this activity. END OF CHAPTER FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 70 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 5.0 FINISHES 5.1.0 Background Prior to undertaking paint cleaning, removal, or coating of a historic bridge,determine whether the existing paint contains lead. If lead-based or lead-containing paint is present, follow EPA and OSHA protocols. There are basically two options available. The first is to remove the paint down to the base material of the bridge or component. Refer to the chapter below for guidance on paint removal. The second is to encapsulate the lead paint under a new layer of paint specifically formulated for the application. See below for paint and coatings. Be advised that the second option will not likely last more than 10 years and should never be done if the base layer paint is failing. Paint can be an essential component in a bridge structure as it may protect vulnerable structural elements from harsh environmental conditions. Since bridges have various orientations and exposures to environmental conditions, it is possible that different surfaces will require different treatments that vary with material,paint type, exposure, and atmospheric conditions. Aesthetically,paints and sealers can be a character-defining feature of a bridge or component. Over time, paints may fade, discolor, or develop a patina,which may also be a defining characteristic. Care must be taken in selecting paints that are compatible in both composition and color in order to match with the existing component. 5.1.1 Cleaning of Painted Surfaces Tier 1 -No Activity. Tier 2- Use of very-low to low-pressure water spray (see definitions in Chapter 1). Use of soft bristle brushes on masonry surfaces. Use of detergents that leave no residue. Use of non-abrasive surface preparation that leaves no residue. Clean painted surfaces to restore their original visual appearance,particularly in high-traffic areas, or as preparation for new paint. Remove agents that threaten the longevity of the paint, such as the buildup of corrosive particles. In all cases,use the gentlest methods possible, as historic surfaces are sensitive to harsh cleaning products and methods. Cleaning painted surfaces is recommended when dealing with the removal of dirt, soot,pollution,insect webs and cocoons, etc. Cleaning mildew from surfaces may also require the removal of adjacent dense shading vegetation that can contribute to its growth. Refer to Chapter 2 for information regarding vegetation removal. Refer to Chapter 1 for guidance on cleaning bridge and component surfaces and appropriate cleaning products and tools. A cleaning methodology specific to each bridge is recommended prior to commencing. Based on the type of existing paint and substrate, an appropriate combination of cleaning devices and methods must be researched and tested on a small area in an inconspicuous location prior to commencing. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 71 January 2, 2025 Tier 3- Use of medium to high-pressure sprayer. Use of chemicals to clean or remove failing coatings. Use of abrasive cleaning media on structural steel. If it becomes necessary to use aggressive materials or methods to remove paint(ex: sandblasting,high- pressure washing, acidic chemicals),then the activity is classified as Tier 3 and required the review of a SOI Qualified Professional. 5.1.2 Paint Removal Tier 1 No activity. Tier 2 Use of very-low to low-pressure water spray (see definitions in Chapter 1). Use of soft bristle brushes on masonry surfaces. Use of detergents that leave no residue. Use of paint strippers that leave no residue. Paint typically has a shorter life expectancy than structural components. Therefore, repainting should be expected periodically over the lifespan of historic bridges and components. Paint system longevity can be influenced by many factors and should be routinely monitored for signs of corrosion and failure.When repainting, it is not always necessary to remove previous layers of paint. If flaking,peeling, or corrosion are evident,efforts should be made to arrest the process and stabilize the surface as a protective agent for the structure underneath. Remove existing paint layers when evidence of paint failure is present. Minor examples include crazing (hairline surface cracking),inter-coat peeling, solvent blistering, excessive chalking, and wrinkling. In these cases,it is not necessary to remove all layers of existing paint. Remove paint only down to the next sound layer.Where deep cracks, alligatoring, extensive blistering or peeling, or exposed base material are evident,paint should be removed down to the substrate prior to repainting. Generally, a lighter touch should be pursued when selecting paint removal methods and products. This will equate to the use of gentle,biodegradable, or environmentally safe paint-removal products to avoid damaging existing surfaces. Additionally, containment of the removed paint along with all chemicals used in the process is required and must be disposed of properly. When individual top paint layers are to be removed,hand or mechanical sanding may be done in preparation for new paint. Thoroughly clean sanded surfaces prior to repainting.When multiple paint layers are to be removed,there are several options available. These include: ➢ Scraping,hand or mechanical sanding. o Use a putty knife or paint scrapers to remove loose paint. If only removing paint in select areas, feather out paint material to areas of sound paint adhesion. Sand the entire area to make it smooth and prepare the surface for new paint adhesion. Hand sanding, sanding blocks, or mechanical sanding are all recommended but vary in effectiveness depending on surface contours and conditions. Orbital sanders provide the greatest amount of FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 72 January 2, 2025 control. Belt sanders are more aggressive and are not used under Tier 2. See Tier 3 for additional information. ➢ Heat stripping. o Either electric heat plates or electric heat guns are recommended when used by qualified professionals and if there is a power source nearby. Maximum allowable heat should not exceed 800 degrees Fahrenheit to avoid vaporizing lead in the paint. Apply heat evenly over the surface until the paint becomes pliable and remove using a putty knife. See Tier 3 for additional information. ➢ Infrared heating. o Infrared paint removal is a safe and efficient method,provided there is a power source nearby. Using a lower temperature than heat stripping reduces the risk of burning or vaporizing.Work should be performed by an experienced operator following EPA and OSHA guidelines. Tier 3— Use of medium to high-pressure sprayers. Use of chemicals to remove coatings. Use of abrasive cleaning media on structural steel. Aggressive paint removal methods that have the potential to damage historic surfaces must be approved by a SOI Qualified Professional. Some methods include,but are not limited to: ➢ Use of rotary drills with wire attachments and grinding wheels. ➢ Use of belt sanders. ➢ Use of acidic or chemical strippers. ➢ Use of blow torches. ➢ Use of heat plate or gun at temperatures above 800 degrees Fahrenheit. ➢ Use of media blasting. ➢ Use of water blasting above 600 psi. ➢ Laser Stripping 5.1.3 Graffiti Removal and Anti-Graffiti Coatings Tier 1 No activity. Tier 2— Use of very low to low-pressure water spray (see definitions in Chapter 1). Use of soft bristle brushes on masonry surfaces. Use of non-ionic detergents that leave no residue. Use ofpaint strippers that leave no residue. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 73 January 2, 2025 Rapid graffiti removal is the most effective weapon in preventing its recurrence,but hasty and untested removal attempts can disfigure and cause harm to historic bridge surfaces. Other measures that reduce graffiti recurrence include periodic maintenance, lighting (see Chapter 6), and increasing community awareness. Successful graffiti removal from historic bridges requires knowledge of a variety of cleaning _ �^ methods and materials and an awareness of what works to remove graffiti from one kind of surface may have negative effects on others. Removing only the graffiti and not the historic paint or coatings is the goal, and so some methods of paint removal listed above are not appropriate on certain ®� • material types. `� � Frequency of graffiti occurrence is a factor in responding to the issue. If the frequency is high, it may be impractical to clean and remove graffiti with every occurrence. In these cases,temporarily Figure 46:Bridge Graffiti covering it with solid color paint to match existing is acceptable provided there is scheduled and periodic cleaning to remove all graffiti and temporary paint. Most graffiti can be removed with proprietary graffiti-removal products and commercial paint strippers containing organic solvents without damaging historic surfaces. These products should always be tested first and used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions included in the product literature. Methods of graffiti removal include: ➢ Low-pressure water with mild detergent. ➢ Hand scrubbing with soft bristle brushes and non-ionic detergent that does not leave residue and is known to not harm the historic paint or sealant underneath. ➢ Hand scraping, hand sanding, or orbital sanding,provided it does not harm the historic paint underneath. ➢ Use of mild chemical strippers,provided they leave no residue and do not remove any layers of historic paint or sealer underneath. Tier 3 Use of medium to high-pressure sprayer. Use of chemicals to clean or remove failing coatings. Use of abrasive cleaning media on structural steel. Application of anti- graffiti coatings. Aggressive removal options, such as high-pressure water or media blasting and the use of chemicals,have the potential to damage historic surfaces and are,therefore, a Tier 3 activity. Use of anti-graffiti coatings is not recommended unless reviewed and approved by a SOI Qualified Professional as a Tier 3 activity. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 74 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 5.2 PAINT AND COATINGS 5.2.0 Background Do not paint or coat surfaces that are historically unpainted. Paint color and technology vary over time. Many historic bridges are painted in colors that were typical of their time and with the paint compositions available. Attention should be paid to this when selecting a new paint color, composition, and sheen. Excessive paint thickness will lead to failure of the entire paint system and should be avoided. A total thickness of 1/16" (about the thickness of a nickel) should not be exceeded. If previous paint layers have built up with too many layers,then some or all the existing paint should be removed prior to the application of new paint systems. Coatings aid in protection against moisture penetration and prolong the life of the substrate. Similar to paint, coatings need to be maintained and periodically reapplied over the lifespan of historic bridges. Care should be taken to match the existing coating in type and sheen. When repainting or recoating large areas or entire surfaces over existing paint,prepare the existing surface as recommended by the manufacturer. Historic paint is likely to be oil-based.When painting over historic paints, latex paints are generally not compatible as they shrink when drying, causing the existing layers to be pulled away from their bonding surface. If latex paints must be used,use an oil-based primer. When removal of all existing paint is necessary,prepare the surface according to the manufacturer's specifications and refer to the paint removal section above. The new paint should match the historic paint in color and sheen. Select paint type based on substrate material and manufacturer's specifications. Repaint historically painted features with colors that are appropriate to the structure and district. 5.2.1 Concrete Tier 1—Touch up of historic painted surfaces, matching existing color and sheen. If more than approximately ten percent of painted surfaces require new paint or coatings,refer to Tier 3. Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3—Application of paint to previously unpainted surfaces. Application of film- forming or penetrating sealers. Application of non-matching paint colors or products. The painting of previously unpainted surfaces or the painting of surfaces using non-matching paint. Determining historically appropriate colors and sheen for repainting. Require the review of an SOI Qualified Professional. 5.2.2 Masonry Tier 1—Touch up of historic painted surfaces, matching existing color and sheen. If more than approximately ten percent of painted surfaces require new paint or coatings,refer to Tier 2. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 75 January 2, 2025 Tier 2—Maintenance of previously sealed surfaces, matching existing sealer color and product. When patching existing coated areas,match the existing product type and sheen.When recoating entire surfaces over existing layers,prepare the existing surface as recommended by the manufacturer.New coatings should match the historic product type and sheen. Do not coat historically uncoated concrete or masonry. Tier 3—Application of paint or coatings to previously unpainted/uncoated surfaces. Application offilm forming or penetrating sealers. Application of non-matching paint colors or products. All activities judged in Tier 3 by a SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effects shall be excluded from use of this Agreement. 5.2.3 Steel Paint and coatings protect the steel structures and prevent moisture from attacking the steel. If left open to the environment or uncoated(or the coating is damaged),this can lead to significant corrosion and loss of structural integrity of the bridge member or component. Routine inspections should be conducted to check for signs of coating failure and effectiveness. Tier 1—Touch up of historic painted surfaces, matching existing color and sheen. Cold galvanizing touch-up of existing galvanized surfaces. If more than approximately ten percent of painted surfaces require new paint or coatings,refer to Tier 2. Tier 2—Complete repainting of previously painted surfaces, matching existing color and product. Re-galvanizing steel members.Includes hot-dipped and cold galvanizing methods. When patching existing painted or coated areas,match the existing product type and sheen.When recoating or resealing entire surfaces over existing layers,prepare the existing surface as recommended by the manufacturer.New paint or coatings should match the historic product type and sheen. Do not paint or coat historically uncoated/painted steel structures. Galvanizing can be an effective coating for iron and steel exposed to the elements and was used historically during the 20t''century for railings and other bridge details. Occasionally, structural members were galvanized. This Tier 2 activity applies only to bridge elements that were historically galvanized. Galvanizing can be either hot-dipped or cold-applied. Generally,hot-dipped provides a better bond with the substrate material. However,this must be done in a controlled environment and requires the piece to be removed and transported to a processing facility.When this is not possible, cold-applied galvanizing can be done in situ. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 76 January 2, 2025 Prior to galvanizing remove all failed coating and rust from the affected area. This can be done using the methods outlined above. Make sure the surface is free of oils,dust, and rust prior to application of the cold galvanizing compound. Apply according to the manufacturer's specifications. Tier 3—Application of paint to previously unpainted surfaces. Application offilm- forming sealers. Application of non-matching paint colors or products. Applying galvanization to a historically ungalvanized or uncoated surface. All activities judged in Tier 3 by a SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effects shall be excluded from use of this Agreement. 5.2.4 Wood Tier 1—Touch up of historic painted surfaces, matching existing color and sheen. If more than approximately ten percent of painted surfaces require new paint or coatings,refer to Tier 2. Tier 2—Application ofwater-repellant sealer. Repainting of previously painted surfaces, matching the existing paint color and product. When patching existing coated areas,match existing product type and sheen.When recoating entire surfaces over the existing layers,prepare existing surface as recommended by the manufacturer.New coatings should match the historic product type and sheen. Do not coat historically uncoated wood structures. Tier 3—Application of paint or coatings to previously unpainted/uncoated surfaces. Application of film forming sealers.Application of non-matching paint colors or products. All activities judged in Tier 3 by a SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effects shall be excluded from use of this Agreement. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 77 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 5.3 VENEER REPAIR 5.3.0 Background Stone masonry veneer has much in common with structural stone masonry(refer to Chapter 1),but there are fundamental differences. Specifically,the veneer requires another material to provide structural support. Reasons for its use include durability, aesthetics, reparability,and cost. 5.3.1 Stone Masonry Veneer Repair Tier 1 No activity. Tier 2—Repair or replacement of dislodged individual stones with the same material. Repointing using mortar matching existing characteristics of type, color, strength, and tooling. Signs of veneer failure, such as delamination from the primary structure, should be addressed immediately, as failure can cause significant damage to the immediate surrounding areas.Water penetration of stone masonry veneer is typically not a concern,provided the structural material is well sealed. Repair or replace dislodged individual stones in the original location with the same orientation to the exposed face.When possible, check the condition of masonry ties and replace them if corroded. Repoint using mortar matching existing type,color, strength, and tooling. Do not use mortar in veneered walls that historically were not mortared. Tier 3 Repair or replacement of missing or deteriorated stones with new material matching existing. Repointing using mortar dissimilar to existing characteristics of type, color, strength, and tooling. Repair or replacement of missing or deteriorated stones with new material matching existing. Repointing using mortar dissimilar to existing in type, color, strength, or tooling. Using mortar in locations not historically mortared. All activities judged in Tier 3 by a SOI Qualified Professional to have potential for adverse effects shall be excluded from use of this Agreement. END OF CHAPTER FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 78 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 6.0 MISCELLANEOUS 6.0 Background Sometimes it is necessary to repair existing or add lighting, signage, and graphics on the bridge for safety or communicating important information to the traveling public. These items can be free standing fixtures, accent lighting,navigation lights,traffic control signage (i.e., one lane bridge, load postings etc.), plaques and inscriptions, and sensors or monitoring devices. Additionally, conduits and junction boxes for electrical wiring will be attached to the bridge and required for the lighting and sensor systems. The connection hardware and brackets for these elements shall not alter the bridge structure and shall be reversible. Reversible means that all of the connection hardware and brackets can be removed without damaging or altering the structure,whereby returning it to its original look and appearance. ➢ Drilling a hole into a concrete or metal surface for an anchor bolt and bracket assembly is generally considered a reversible action when patched in-kind and would be allowed under this Agreement. 6.1.0 Lighting 6.1.1 Lighting Fixtures Tier 1 -Repair or replace the existing fixture and its components in-kind. The fixture should match the existing appearance,functionality, and connection method and be located in the same location as the previous fixture. Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3-Replace fixtures or components with dissimilar fittings. Adding new fixtures where none exist.Methods of attachment must not leave permanent marks on the existing bridge. Replacing the fixtures and/or the components with non-matching fixtures and fittings (i.e., different color, different style or shape, different connection method, etc.). Additionally, adding new fixtures to a location on the bridge where none previously existed. The method of attachment must also not leave permanent marks on the existing bridge. These are subject to review and approval by a SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 79 January 2, 2025 6.1.2 Navigation Lights Tier 1 -Repair or replace the existing fixture and its components in-kind. The fixture should match the existing , appearance, functionality, and connection .. ,, method and be located in the same location as the �r previous fixture. Tier 2 No Activity. . 1 :1 ANN Tier 3 Replace fixtures or » ii components with dissimilar • r fittings. Add new fixtures where none exist.Methods of 7- attachment must not leave - permanent marks on the existing bridge. �` - m Replacing the fixtures and/or the components Figure 47:Broken Navigation Light with non-matching fixtures and fittings (i.e., different color, different style or shape, different connection method, etc.). Additionally, adding new fixtures to a location on the bridge where none previously existed. The method of attachment must also not leave permanent marks on the existing bridge. These are subject to review and approval by a SOI Qualified Professional. 6.1.3 Conduits and Utility Boxes Tier 1 -Repair or replacement of exposed conduits and boxes in-kind. The conduits should match the existing in appearance functionality,and connection method and be located in the same location as the previous conduit. Tier 2 No Activity. Tier 3 Installation of new utility conduits or boxes. Adding new conduits and boxes to a location on the bridge where none previously existed. The method of attachment must also not leave permanent marks on the existing bridge. These are subject to review and approval by a SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B –Best Practices Manual 80 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 6.2 SIGNAGE 6.2.0 Background Bridge signage is important to communicate traffic safety features to the traveling public. Historic bridges can be narrower and have less structural capacity than modern day bridges. Therefore, it is essential that "narrow bridge"or"one lane bridge" signage is installed to prevent accidents and to minimize impacts to the structure. Additionally,if the bridge is too narrow to accommodate two vehicles,then additional "yield" signage and striping is required. Many historic bridges need to be load posted. Load posting signage needs to be placed at the bridge and also at a location approaching the bridge so that heavily loaded trucks can safely turn around and proceed to a different route. Therefore, signage is very important in maintaining these historic bridges by ensuring heavy loads do not cross the bridge and communicating to the traveling public important traffic safety features. ➢ Installing the required signage is very important; however, care should be taken when a lot of signs are needed at one location. Whenever possible, signs shall be combined to minimize the number of posts installed and posts shall be installed so that they do not distract or block the visibility of the bridge and/or the significant historic bridge element. 6.2.1 Freestanding Signage Tier 1 Repair or replace existing signage that is already attached to the bridge or within the 10'-0"archaeological clear — ,I zone in a way that does not alter the existing bridge. - All existing signage and components that are already attached to the bridge or within the 10'-0" archaeological clear zone can be repaired or ,, . replaced with in-kind material and methods. Figure 48: Weight Limit and HazardMarker Signs Tier 2-Adding new signage within the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone in a way that does not alter the existing bridge. The installation of new signage inside of the 10'-0" archaeological clear zone in a way that does not alter the bridge is allowance under the Agreement. The signage must not be connected to the bridge. Excavation is not allowed;however, driven poles shall be limited to a maximum of 4-inch diameter and driven no more than a depth of 48 inches below the existing ground surface. Tier 3-Adding new signage OUTSIDE of the 10'-0"archaeological clear zone and within the State or County ROW. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 81 January 2, 2025 The installation of new signage outside of the 10'-0" archaeological clear zone and within the State or County right of way will require the review and approval of an SOI Qualified professional. The signage shall be installed in previously disturbed areas along the roadway shoulders and embankments. Excavation is not allowed;however, driven poles shall be limited to a maximum of 4 in. in diameter and driven no more than a depth of 48 in. below the existing ground surface. 6.2.2 Attached Signage and Graphics Tier 1 -Repair or replace existing signage that is already attached to the bridge in a way that does not alter the existing bridge. The sign and its components shall be replaced with in-kind - replacement material, connection hardware and be located in i - the same location as the previous fixture. Tier 2-Adding high-water markers/placards to the substructure in a way that does not alter the existing bridge The high-water marker/placards shall be composed of an = aluminum sign with a black stripe on a white background and = " shall be placed on the bridge substructure units to demark the scour critical high-water elevation so that maintenance Figure 49.High-water marker/placard personnel know when to enact the Scour Critical POA. Only one sign is to be attached per bridge and it should be placed in a location that can be safely viewed during a storm event. These signs shall be installed so that the attachment connection is reversible. Tier 3-Adding new signage to the bridge in a way that does not alter the existing bridge, and the connections are reversible. Adding new signage to the bridge (other than the high-water placards),the connection hardware and method shall not alter the existing bridge and the attachment connection still needs to be reversible. Additionally, adding new signage to a location on the bridge where none previously existed would be a Tier 3 activity. The method of attachment must also not leave permanent marks on the existing bridge. ➢ Ensure that attachment locations and hardware do not obscure or damage the bridge plaques and inscriptions. 6.2.3 Plaques and Inscriptions Tier 1 - Cleaning existing signage with brushes and/or power washing equipment and/or cleaning products. Cleaning the existing signage with a firm bristle brush or a power washer machine. The power washer shall not exceed 1500 psi and the operator needs to continually move the nozzle back and forth over the area to be cleaned, do not hold the nozzle in one location for longer than 2 seconds to prevent damaging FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 82 January 2, 2025 the surface. It is preferred to use a firm bristle brush(instead of a power washer)to remove sediment and soot buildup on the signage.When using the bristle brush,test it on a small area before proceeding to the larger area and ensure that the bristle does not damage the plaque's surface. Additional guidance is provided in Chapter 1. Tier 2-Replacing an existing plaque with an in-kind replacement of the same material and connection hardware and in the same location. Repairing an inscription that has been damaged. (Refer to Chapter 1 for additional guidance) An existing plaque can be replaced with an in-kind plaque composed of the same material, appearance, and connection hardware and in the same location only if the existing plaque is too damaged to repair or mend; ideally,the same manufacturer should be used to create the replacement plaque.When repairing an inscription that has been damaged care shall be taken to ensure the inscription engraving pitch and indentations of the verbiage are properly matched as well as the texture of the overall material. If the plaque material,look, or connection hardware cannot be replicated or the inscription is severely deteriorated beyond repair,then this activity would fall under Tier 3 and require a review by a SOI Qualified Professional. Tier 3-Altering, moving, obscuring, replicating existing plaques and inscriptions. Addition of new plaques. The addition of a new plaque where one did not exist,altering,moving, obscuring, replicating (with different materials and fonts) existing plaques and inscriptions will require a review by a SOI Qualified Professional. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 83 January 2, 2025 CHAPTER 6.3 SENSORS AND MONITORING DEVICES 6.3.0 Background In certain situations, sensors and bridge monitoring devices may need to be installed at a bridge to monitor the stream and water elevation and flow velocity during a storm event or to monitor the structural capacity or health of the bridge or to monitor bridge movement. Some of these sensors and monitoring devices have telemetry capabilities and would require an antenna to broadcast the signals to the receivers located away from the bridge location. Additional conduits and cabling would also be required to connect the sensor to the antenna(or to hardwired locations). As mentioned above in Chapter 6.2.22 Attached Signage and Graphics,the connect method shall be reversible. ➢ When installing sensors or monitoring devices, ensure that they do not block critical traffic safety features from the traveling public and that they do not cover, hide, or obscure bridge plaques or inscriptions. 6.3.1 Sensors and Monitoring Devices Tier 1 -Repair or replace fixture components in-kind. Repairing or replacing existing fixtures and their components with in-kind replacement parts which are the same size, dimensions,and color as the existing ones. Additionally ensure that the connection hardware is reversible. Tier 2—No Activity. Tier 3—Replace fixtures or components with non-matching fittings.Add new fixtures where none exist.Methods of attachment must not leave permanent marks on the existing bridges. Replacing the existing fixtures with components that do not match the existing fittings, adding new fixtures where none previously existed,methods of attachment that will leave permanent marks,requires review and approval by a SOI Qualified professional. END OF CHAPTER FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 84 January 2, 2025 ACRONYMS AASHTO American Association of State MOA Memorandum of Agreement Highway and Transportation NAGPRA Native American Graves Officials. Repatriation Act(25 U.S. C. ACHP Advisory Council on Historic §3001 et. Seq.) Preservation NHO Native Hawaiian Organization ADA Americans with Disabilities Act NPS National Park Service ADT: Average daily traffic NRHP National Register of Historic ADTT: Average daily truck traffic Places OSHA Occupational Health and Safety APE Area of Potential Effects Agency ASTM American Society for Testing SHPO State Historic Preservation and Materials Officer BMP Best Management Practices SHPD State Historic Preservation Division CFR Code of Federal Regulations SSPC Society for Protective Coatings EPA Environmental Protection SOI U.S. Secretary of the Interior Agency FEMA Federal Emergency UAO Utility Agency Owners Management Agency USACE United States Army Corps of FHWA Federal Highway Engineers Administration H,HS,HL Standard Highway Design loading designation for trucks HAER Historic American Engineering Record HDOT State of Hawaii Department of Transportation HOCC Hawaii One-Call Center HRS Hawaii Revised Statutes LPA Local Public Agency FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 85 January 2, 2025 GLOSSARY Alteration: An act or process that changes any A portion of the physical appearance or function of a structure. Abrasion: Wearing or grinding away of material by friction; usually caused by sand,gravel, or Angle: The amount of divergence between two stones, carried by wind or water. intersecting straight lines. The term is also applied to basic member shape,usually steel, in Abutment: Part of bridge substructure at either the form of an"L." end of the bridge which transfers loads from superstructure to foundation and provides lateral Anode: The positively charged pole of a support for the approach roadway embankment. corrosion cell at which oxidations occur. Relevant to cathodic protection for historic Adverse Effect: A project activity that alters, concrete bridges directly or indirectly, any of the characteristics of a historic property(such as a historic bridge) Anti-graffiti Coating: A type of coating that that qualify it for inclusion in the National provides a non-stick surface that repels graffiti Register of Historic Places. An adverse effect from paint brush applications,paint spray cans, diminishes the integrity of a historic property's and permanent markers. location, design, setting,materials, Approach Guardrail: A railing system/barrier workmanship,feeling or association. Adverse along the edge of the pavement of the approach effects may include reasonably foreseeable roadway to prevent vehicular traffic from effects caused by the project undertaking that driving off the bridge embankments. may occur later in time,be farther removed in distance, or be cumulative. Approach Roadway: Approach roadway means the portion of the highway immediately adjacent Agency Official: Per the Section 106 to the bridge that affects the geometrics of the Programmatic Agreement for Hawai`i Historic bridge, including the horizontal and vertical Bridge Program,the Agency Official is the curves and grades required to connect the official federal agency representative of FHWA existing highway alignment to the bridge or USACE responsible for ensuring that federal alignment. undertakings comply with Section 106. Approach Span: In a multi-span bridge,the Aggregate: Hard inert material such as sand, span(s)that connect the abutment with the main gravel, or crushed rock that may be combined span(s). Approach spans may be the same with a cementing material to form mortar or type/material or a different type/material from concrete. the main span(s). The span immediately adjacent to the abutment is sometimes referred to as an Alignment: The relative horizontal and vertical "end span." positioning between the bridge and the approaching roadways,which are often referred Apron: 1)A reinforced concrete slab placed on to as "the approaches." the approach embankment adjacent to and usually resting upon the abutment backwall; 2) a Alligator cracking: Cracks initiated by form of scour protection consisting of concrete, inadequate base support or drainage that form on stone riprap or other material adjacent to the surface of a road and appear as irregular abutments or piers to prevent undermining by rectangular shapes (like the skin of an alligator). water. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 86 January 2, 2025 Area of Potential Effects: The geographic area construction projects such as roads,parking lots, or areas within which an undertaking may and airports. Asphalt concrete is also known as directly or indirectly cause alterations in the asphalt,blacktop, or pavement in North character or use of historic properties; also APE. America. Archaeological Clear Zone: Per the B Programmatic Agreement for Hawai`i Historic Bridge No Adverse Effect Projects, a strict 10- Baluster/Balustrade: A row of repeating posts, foot zone, as measured from the edge of the often ornamental,that support the upper rail of a superstructure and substructure of the existing railing. historic bridge or structure. Barrier: A physical obstruction or guardrail Archaeologist: A social scientist who studies system at the edge of a bridge deck or sidewalk human history by excavating and examining to prevent people or vehicles from falling off the material remains. These remains can be anything bridge. It is typically made of concrete or steel. that people created,modified, or used, such as graves, stone tools,faunal or flora remains,or Beam: A linear structural member supporting the ruins of structures. A professionally qualified vertical loads by spanning from one support to archaeologist meets the Secretary of the another and resisting bending. A girder is a Interior's Professional Qualification Standards larger beam, especially when made of multiple (36 CFR 61).' plates. Deeper,longer members are created by using trusses. Architectural Historian: is someone who studies the history of architecture. They are experts in Bearing: A support element transferring loads architectural history, a sub-discipline of from superstructure to substructure and can be architecture that focuses on historical contexts. designed to accommodate limited linear and A professionally qualified architectural historian rotational movement. meets the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards (36 CFR 61). Bent: A substructure unit made up of two or more column or column-like members Articulated Concrete Mattress: A permanent connected at their topmost ends by a cap, stmt, erosion control system made of concrete blocks or other member holding them in their correct that are joined together by cables or positions. The area between two bents is a span. polypropylene ropes. They are used to protect the soil from scour and embankment erosion. Bituminous: A black sticky mixture of hydrocarbons usually obtained from distilling Asphalt Emulsion: Is a mixture of asphalt and petroleum,although also occurring in natural water with a small amount of an emulsifying tars. agent. The emulsifying agent, such as soap, gives the asphalt droplets an electrical charge so Bituminous concrete -A mixture of aggregate they don't coalesce. The asphalt droplets are and liquid asphalt or bitumen,which is suspended in the water phase. Asphalt emulsions compacted into a dense mass. are used in road construction and maintenance. They can be sprayed onto the road or mixed with Blast Clean: A term used to describe the final aggregate before being applied to the road product/finish following sand blasting or media surface. blasting of a steel member. Asphaltic Concrete: Asphalt concrete is a Board-formed (Concrete): Board-formed composite material made from asphalt binder concrete is a process of patterning concrete to and mineral aggregate. It is commonly used for create a wood grain texture on the finished FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 87 January 2, 2025 surface. The concrete is poured into formwork elements, restore the function of existing made of timber boards. bridges,keep bridges in good condition and extend their life."Bridge preservation actions Bolt: A mechanical fastener with machine may be cyclical or condition-driven and may be threads at one end to receive a nut, and a head, preventive or restorative. See "Historic typically hexagonal, at the other end. Bolts with Preservation"for NPS definition. rounded heads may be referred to as "button- head"bolts and they are sometimes used to Bulkhead: A retaining wall-like structure replace rivets in historic bridge repairs. commonly composed of driven piles supporting a wall or a barrier of wooden timbers or Bonding Pattern: The pattern in which stones, reinforced-concrete members. brick or other masonry units are laid up. Bush-hammered(Concrete): Bush hammering is Boring/Boring Hole: Also referred to as a masonry technique that creates a rough, geotechnical boring/geotechnical boring hole, weathered texture on concrete or stone surfaces. which is a long slender tube that is drilled or The process involves repeatedly striking the pounded into the ground to obtain subsurface surface with a series of pyramidal chisels soil and stratification information. mounted as a hammer. The hammer creates small textured holes in the concrete,which Box Culvert-A culvert with a rectangular or provides extra grip. Bush hammering is more square cross-section. See also Culvert. aggressive than sandblasting and usually less severe than scabbling. Bollard: One of a series of posts preventing vehicles from entering an area; a small post or Butt Joint: A joint between two pieces of metal marker placed on a curb or traffic island to make that have been connected in the same plane. it conspicuous to motorists. Button head: The head of a bar,bolt, or rivet Bottom chord: The lower member of a truss, having the circular shape like a button. usually resisting tension. C Brace/Bracing: Generally,a stmt supporting or fixing in position another member. Sometimes Camber: The slightly arched or convex the term is applied to a system of secondary curvature provided in beams to compensate for members that maintains the geometric dead load deflection; in general, a structure built configuration of primary members. with perfectly straight lines would appear slightly sagged. Bridge: A structure including supports erected over a depression or an obstruction such as Cap: The topmost element of a pier or a pile water,highway, or railway,and having a track bent serving to distribute the loads to the or passageway for carrying traffic or other columns or piles and to hold them in their proper moving loads, and having an opening measured relative positions. along the center of the roadway of more than 20 feet between under copings of abutments or Carbonation Testing: A pH test that determines spring lines of arches, or extreme ends of how far carbon dioxide has penetrated into openings for multiple boxes. concrete. The test is like chloride ion testing, where a sample is removed by coring or drilling. Bridge Preservation: As defined by the FHWA The sample is then tested by applying a revealer. Bridge Preservation Guide,bridge preservation includes "actions or strategies that prevent, delay or reduce deterioration of bridges or bridge FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 88 January 2, 2025 Cast-in-Place: The act of placing and curing maneuverable, and can be powered by concrete within formwork to construct a electricity,pneumatics, or hydraulics. concrete element of a bridge in its final position. Chiseling: Means to cut or work with a chisel. Cathodic Protection: A means of preventing metal from corroding by making it a cathode Chloride Concentration: The amount of chloride through the use of impressed direct current or by in the concrete or the amount that must be attaching a sacrificial anode. present in concrete to facilitate corrosion. Chloride ions are one of the primary causes of Centering: Temporary structure or falsework steel corrosion in reinforced concrete structures. supporting an arch ring during construction. Chloride Contamination: A process where Certified Project Manager—Per the chloride ions diffuse through concrete pores and Programmatic Agreement for Hawai'i Historic attack the passive layer that protects the steel Bridge No Adverse Effect Projects, an reinforcement. This leads to corrosion,which individual employed or contracted by HDOT or can cause the concrete to crack, spall, and the Counties who has successfully completed eventually fail. training in using and implementing the agreement. Chloride Ion Testing: Used to determine the level of chloride ions in a concrete structure. Charpy V-Notch: The Charpy impact test, Chloride ions can cause reinforcement steel to also known as the Charpy V-notch test, is a corrode. Chloride ions are often produced from high strain-rate test that involves striking a road salt or environmental factors. standard notched specimen with a controlled weight pendulum swung from a set height. Chord: Either of the two principal members of a The impact test helps measure the amount of truss extending from end to end,usually characterized as an upper and lower chord, energy absorbed by the specimen during connected by web members. fracture. Clear Span: The unobstructed space or distance Chain Drag: The act of dragging a chain over a between support elements of a bridge or bridge concrete surface to locate voids or hollow member. sounding areas in the upper region of the concrete. The chains create hundreds of tapping Cofferdams: A temporary,watertight structure impacts on the surface which allows for a more used for construction or repairs in a wet discrete way to identify the defect. environment. Cofferdams are built within a body of water to allow the enclosed area to be pumped Character-defining Feature (CDF): A physical out. This pumping creates a dry working characteristic of a historic bridge or other environment so the work can be carried out cultural resource that is essential to conveying safely. its historical significance as defined by the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Column: A general term applying to a vertical Character-defining features are often identified member resisting compressive stresses and as a historic bridge type,period and method of having, in general, a considerable length in engineering or construction. comparison with its transverse dimensions. Chipping Hammer: Hand-held power tools used Compression Member: An engineering term that to break up concrete or remove rust and scale describes a bridge member that is subjected to from metal surfaces. They are powerful and squeezing or pushing. Also see tension member. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 89 January 2, 2025 Compression Testing: Is a mechanical test that cost-effective and rapid application for smaller measures how a material responds to forces that structures and components. It can be applied compress, squash,crush, and flatten it. The test using brushes, rollers, or spray guns. It can be determines a material's compressive force or applied on site,which is a benefit compared to crush resistance, and its ability to recover after a hot dip. Hot-dip processes are more expensive compressive force is applied. and better suited for larger structures. Compressive Strength: Is the ability of a Corrosion: The general disintegration of metal material or structure to withstand forces that through oxidization. would compress or crush it. It is the maximum compressive stress that a material can sustain Counterweight: A heavy mass that balances a without fracturing or buckling. load of equal weight. Counterweights are often made of iron or concrete and are mechanically Compression Zone: A zone in the component linked to the load. material that is under compression. The top flange and part of the web of a steel girder make Coupons: A small sample of a material that is up the compression zone when under a load. used to test the quality of a larger product. Coupons are used because testing large products Concrete: A mixture of aggregate,water, and a can be expensive and complicated. Coupons are binder,usually Portland cement,which hardens prepared so that their properties are to a stone-like solid mass. representative of the whole material. Concrete Rubble Masonry (CRM) (See Rubble Course: A horizontal layer of bricks or stones, Masonry): usually laid in a bed of mortar. Consultation: The process of seeking, Crack: A break without complete separation of discussing, and considering the views of other parts; a fissure. participants, and,where feasible, seeking agreement with them regarding matters arising Crash Test: A destructive test that involves in the section 106 process. crashing a vehicle under controlled conditions to assess the safety of the item being tested. The Consulting Parties: Parties to consultation under tests are usually performed to ensure safe design Section 106, i.e., SHPO,NHOs, representatives standards. of local government, applicants for federal funds or permits, etc., and others upon request. Cultural Resource: Physical evidence or place of past human activity: site, object,landscape, Containment Devices: Tarps,blankets,wood, or structure,or district; or a site, structure, steel sheeting that is used to cover a work site to landscape, object, or natural feature of aid in containing hazardous or construction significance to a group of people traditionally materials from entering the environment or associated with it. harming the public. Culvert: A drainage structure beneath an Contributing: A building, site, structure, or embankment(e.g., corrugated metal pipe, object adds to the historic associations, concrete box culvert). architectural qualities, or archaeological values for which a property is significant. Curb: A low barrier at the side limit of the roadway used to guide the movement of vehicles Cold-applied Galvanizing: Cold galvanizing is a process of applying a zinc-rich paint to steel to Cyclical maintenance, also called routine or protect it from corrosion. Cold galvanizing is a scheduled maintenance: Activities performed on FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 90 January 2, 2025 a pre-determined interval or schedule. Cyclical maintenance prevents an element from Diversions: see Stream Diversions becoming deficient,not to improve it. Like an oil change for a car, cyclical maintenance Dowels: Are a short cylinder of wood or metal actions are included in the work plan because that fits into holes in two pieces to fasten them the element is due for maintenance. together. Dowels are also called dowel pins and are usually round. They can be used to fasten or D align two adjacent pieces or to act as an anchor. Dead Load: The static load imposed by the Drain Hole: See 'Weep Hole." weight of materials that make up the bridge structure itself. Drill Rig: A term used to describe a geotechnical boring truck or vehicle which carries the Deck: The roadway portion of a bridge, complete set of equipment and tools required to including shoulders above the superstructure. conduct the boring. Most bridge decks are constructed as reinforced concrete,but timber decks are still seen in rural Dry-Laid/Drystack Masonry(uhau humu areas and open-grid steel decks are used in some pohaku): A structure of stone such as a wall or historic steel bridge types. arch bridge that was constructed without the use of mortar. Sometimes it is also referred to as dry Deformation: Is the distortion of a structural stacked stone. Dry stacked stone walls are a member that is loaded. Deformation includes traditional Hawaiian construction technique. plastic,non-recoverable movement. Bridge deflection is an important parameter in safety Dye Penetrant Testing: Is a non-destructive examinations of bridge structures. It reflects the testing method used to detect surface flaws in overall stiffness of the bridge structure and is steel. The test uses a liquid called a penetrant closely related to its bearing capacity. that flows into any flaws on the material's surface. The penetrant increases the visibility of Delamination: Surface separation of concrete the surface discontinuities,making them easier into layers. to detect and measure. Design Load: The force for which a structure is E designed;the most severe combination of loads. Effect: An alteration to the characteristics of a Destructive Testing: A method of testing historic property qualifying it for inclusion in or materials, or components to find the exact point eligibility for the National Register of Historic of failure. During the process,the tested item is Places. stressed until it deforms, or failure occurs. Often, samples of the components are removed Effect Determination: Under Section 106,the from the structure and tested in a laboratory. federal agency in consultation with the SHPO, NHO and other consulting parties issues an Determination of Eligibility: Applying the effect determination when an undertaking is National Register Criteria for Evaluation to determined to alter the characteristics that determine if a property is eligible for listing in qualify a cultural resource for inclusion in or the National Register of Historic Places. eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places. Effects determinations are either a Distortion: Is the deformation of a loaded finding of"no adverse effect"or a finding of structural member. This includes plastic,non- "adverse effect." Section 106 requires federal recoverable movement. Distortion can cause agencies to consider alternatives that minimize, cracking in a concrete member. avoid,or mitigate adverse effects. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 91 January 2, 2025 loading cycle. Because the cracks are small, Efflorescence: A deposit on concrete or brick there may be little or no visible warning prior to caused by crystallization of carbonates brought failure. The result can be an unpredictable metal to the surface by moisture in the masonry or fatigue failure. concrete. Feasible: An alternative is feasible if it can be Embankment: Refers to the land area adjacent to constructed as a matter of sound engineering. the roadway or stream. Feather/Feather Out: To become thin or less Emergency Situations: Per the Programmatic dense at the edges. Agreement for Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program, activities that take place within 30 Finger Joint: A type of expansion joint used in days of a declaration of a state of emergency by bridge construction. They are made of steel teeth the appropriate federal or state officials. and are placed at the end of a bridge. They allow the deck to expand and contract. Encapsulate: Enclose (something)in or as if in a capsule. Flame Cutting: Flame cutting is a thermal cutting process that uses oxygen and a fuel End Treatment: Refers to the type of end source to create a flame that can melt and sever treatment used for the Approach Guardrails. steel. The process is also known as oxy-fuel cutting. Expansion Joint: A joint designed to provide a means for expansion and contraction movements Flange: One of the principal longitudinal produced by temperature changes, loadings, or members of a girder which resists tension or other forces. compression, also sometimes called the upper and lower chords of a beam. A projecting edge, Exposed Aggregate (Concrete): Refers to the rim, or rib on any structural member. process of uncovering the aggregate, or the large stones or other material,which is mixed in with Flexural Member: Flexural members are the concrete. Exposing it makes the surface structural elements that are designed to resist more textured, and it creates a different look bending and deformation when a load is applied. than the typical,flat,gray slab of most concrete Examples of flexural members include beams, surfaces. This process can occur naturally or slabs,joists, and spandrels. Flexural members during the construction process. are subject to both tension and compression within their depth. For example, a beam is F usually a flexural member because the load applied will cause the bottom flange to go into Falsework: The scaffold or temporary supports tension and the top flange to be compressed. employed for erecting a structure. Usually, a temporary timber trestle sustaining a bridge Floor beam: Horizontal members that are placed during erection. transversely to the major beams,girders, or trusses; used to support the deck. Fascia: A term used to describe the exterior surface of the bridge. The outside faces of the Form/Formwork: The constructions that hold bridge railings are called the fasciae. concrete in place while it is hardening; also known as formwork or shuttering. Fatigue (Steel): Is a condition that occurs when repeated stresses or loadings weaken metal parts. Foundation: The supporting material upon which The repeated stresses cause micro-cracks to the substructure portion of a bridge is placed. It form in the metal. These cracks grow with each often consists of steel,timber, or concrete piles FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 92 January 2, 2025 (driven vertically into the ground) or grillage Ground Penetrating Radar: Is a non-destructive (horizontal layers of materials). geophysical method that uses radio waves to capture images of the subsurface. GPR can Fumigant: Is a chemical substance used in locate underground utilities, such as concrete, fumigation. Fumigants are volatile,poisonous asphalt,metals,pipes, cables, or masonry. GPR substances that are used to kill insects, can also locate reinforcing steel in concrete. nematodes, and other animals or plants. GPR works by transmitting electromagnetic Fumigants are either toxic gases or substances waves from an antenna. These waves reflect off that produce toxic gases that are lethal when layers and objects hidden in the ground. The inhaled. reflections are collected as data,which generates an image of the subsurface. Funerary Objects (see Moe Pu) Grout-filled Fabric Bags: Are made of woven G fabric and filled with grout in-situ. The shape of the grout bag determines the final shape of the Gabion Basket: A rectangular wire mesh basket support. filled with rocks or soil. Gabions are used to prevent erosion,retain slopes, or provide a Guardrail: A safety feature element intended to landscape element. They are often used in re-direct an errant vehicle. streambanks and areas with steep slopes. H Galvanize: To coat metal,especially iron or steel,with zinc for protection Hardness Testing: Is a non-destructive test that measures a material's resistance to permanent Geotechnical Borings: Are used for scientific, deformation. The test involves applying a force engineering,geological, or regulatory purposes. to an indenter, such as a steel ball or diamond They help engineers and geologists understand pyramid, and measuring the resulting the soil bearing pressure,the active soil load,the indentation in the material's surface. The test is location of the groundwater table, and the used in many industries for material comparison characteristics of each layer of soil. and selection, and quality control. Girder: A horizontal structure member Herbicide: Are chemicals that are used to kill or supporting vertical loads by resisting bending. A inhibit the growth of unwanted plants, such as girder is a larger beam,especially when made of weeds and invasive species. multiple metal plates. The plates are usually riveted or welded together. High-Pressure (Water): Is a cleaning process that uses water at a high pressure to remove dirt, Graffiti/Graffito: Is a form of visual heavy oil and grease stains and other unwanted communication that involves marking public material from a surface. For masonry, stone spaces without permission. Graffiti is usually masonry,and plaster surfaces high-pressure is illegal and is considered vandalism under US consider 800 to 1200 psi with a flow rate of 4 to law. 6 gpm. For concrete and asphalt surfaces high- pressure is considered 4000 to 5000 psi with a Ground Disturbing Activity: Are any activities flow rate of 5 gpm. that expose,work, or redistribute soil. These activities can include excavating, filling, Historic: For the purposes of the Programmatic stockpiling,grading, clearing, drilling, Agreement for Hawai'i Historic Bridge transporting,pile driving,tunneling, and topsoil Program,historic is an adjective applied to a stripping. bridge or any cultural resource that meets the National Register Criteria for Evaluation and has FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 93 January 2, 2025 been listed, determined eligible or identified as upgrading of mechanical, electrical, and potentially eligible. plumbing systems and other code-required work to make properties functional is appropriate Historic Character-defining Feature (see within a preservation project. Character-defining Feature): Historic Property: At the Federal level,historic Historic Architect: Is someone who helps properties are any prehistoric or historic preserve buildings with historical value. They districts, sites,buildings, structures, or objects may work on repairs and renovations that don't that are eligible for or already listed in the change the building's appearance. They may also National Register of Historic Places (CFR advise owners and stewards on how to preserve §800.16). The State of Hawaii defines historic as the building's historic fabric. A professionally any building, structure, object, district, area,or qualified historic architect meets the Secretary site which is over fifty years old(HRS §6E-2). of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards (36 CFR 61). Hot-dipped Galvanizing: A process that involves dipping fabricated steel into a vat of molten zinc. Historic Bridge Inventory: For the purposes of The zinc alloys with the surface of the steel, the Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i creating a series of zinc-iron alloy layers. These Historic Bridge Program,the Historic Bridge layers form a robust coating that is an integral Inventory(HBI)is the FHWA/HDOT/SHPD part of the steel. agreed upon list of bridges that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places or have Human Remains (see iwi kupuna) been deemed through consultation to meet or have the potential to meet the eligibility criteria. 1 The Historic Bridge List is comprised of the 2024 State Historic Bridge Inventory and I-beam: A rolled structural shape having a cross- Evaluation Update (Attachment 1). The section resembling the letter"I."True I-beams Inventory may be updated based on further stopped being manufactured for bridge survey and evaluation. applications about 100 years ago. The wide- flange beam, a structure shaped with a cross- Historic Context: Information about historic section resembling a capital letter"H"on its properties based on a shared theme, specific side,replaced the I-beam and has been the period, and geographical area. standard structural shape for bridge construction since the 1920s.Wide-flange beams are often Historic District: A significant concentration, still called I-beams. linkage, or continuity of sites,buildings, structures, or objects united historically or Impact Acoustic Testing: Is a type of sound aesthetically by plan or physical development. testing that measures the transmission of impact sound through a solid object. A tapping machine Historic Preservation: The act or process of is used to create a steady vibration on one side applying measures necessary to sustain the of the structure and the sound pressure levels existing form, integrity,and materials of an (SPLs)are measured on the other side. The historic property within a specific period.Work, results are used to determine internal defects. including preliminary measures to protect and stabilize the property,generally focuses upon the Impregnating Coating: A coating that fills or ongoing maintenance and repair of historic saturates a porous material with a liquid or materials, and features rather than extensive viscous product. The process can seal porous replacement and new construction.New exterior materials without impacting their functional or additions are not within the scope of this dimensional characteristics. treatment;however,the limited and sensitive FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 94 January 2, 2025 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection(ICCP): or fatigue. It's a concept often used in see Cathodic Protection engineering to ensure that a structure will serve its designed purpose and remain functional for a In Service: Means that something is in use. desired service life. In situ: "In situ"is a Latin phrase that translates to "on site"or"in position."In historic Interstate Highway System: The Interstate preservation,in situ is a historic bridge or other Highway System is a network of controlled- cultural resource that is in its original location or access highways that connects the 48 contiguous position. states of the United States. The system includes Alaska,Hawaii, and Puerto Rico,but these Increment Borer(also Pencil Core): states are not physically connected to other states or territories. Infrared Heating: Infrared heating is a method of heating materials using electromagnetic waves. Invasive: Characterized by or involving invasion The waves transfer energy from a high- or offensive. Invasive can also describe plants or temperature emitter to a cooler object. The species that tend to spread in an uncontrollable waves are in the wavelength range of 0.78— and often harmful way. 1000µm. The waves are invisible to the human eye and are absorbed by skin, clothes, and other Invited Signatory (Signatories): Signatories of a objects. Infrared heating is more efficient than Section 106 Programmatic Agreement are the convection heaters because it doesn't heat the air federal agency, SHPO and ACHP who have the in between the emitter and the object. Infrared sole statutory authority to execute, amend and heating is also instant because it doesn't rely on terminate the agreement. Invited signatories are the air's ability to absorb and retain heat. additional parties to the agreement, such as HDOT, invited by the federal agency to Infrared Testing/Infrared Thermography: Is a participate and that have the authority to amend non-destructive testing method that measures or terminate the agreement because they have temperature variances in a component. It uses significant responsibilities under the agreement. heat-sensitive devices, such as an infrared camera,to scan the surface of a component and Iwi kupuna: Is a Hawaiian term that means record any changes in temperature. ancestral bones. In Hawaiian cosmology,iwi kupuna are a core part of a person's connection Inscription: An inscription is a word or words to their ancestry. that are carved,painted, or written on a hard surface. J Integrity(Historic): Authenticity of a property's Joint: In stone masonry,the space between historic identity, evidenced by the survival of individual stones; in concrete, a division in physical characteristics that existed during the continuity of the concrete; in a truss or girder,a property's historic or prehistoric period. There point at which members are joined. A roller joint are seven aspects of integrity: design,materials, allows adjacent parts to move controllably past workmanship, location, setting, association and one another. A rigid joint prevents adjacent parts feeling.Not to be confused with an engineering from moving or rotating past one another. definition of"structural integrity,"which refers to a bridge's ability to withstand intended loads Junction Box: An enclosure that houses without failing. electrical connections. Integrity(Structural): Structural integrity is the K ability of a structure to withstand its intended load without failing due to fracture, deformation, FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 95 January 2, 2025 Keystone -the symmetrically shaped, greater level of involvement, funding or wedge—like stone located in a head ring course responsibility. at the crown of an arch;the final stone placed, thereby closing the arch. Lifts (see Mortar Lift) L Live Load: A temporary dynamic load such as vehicular traffic that is applied to a structure; Lacing: A system of bars not intersecting each also accompanied by vibration or movement other in the middle,used to connect two leaves affecting its intensity. of a stmt to make them act as a single member. Load: Weight distribution throughout a Lacing Bar/Member: Any bar used in a system structure; loads caused by wind, earthquakes, of lacing. and gravity affect how weight is distributed throughout a structure. Laser Stripping: Is the process of removing material from a base material using a laser. The Load Posted: Any bridge or structure restricted laser beam heats the material,which evaporates to carrying loads less than the legal load limit. or sublimates. Laser stripping can be used on a Load posting a bridge is required by National variety of materials,including metals,glass, Bridge Inspection Standards when a bridge is ceramics,polymers,wood, stone,tissue, and not capable of safely carrying a legal load. other biological materials. Load Rating: An analysis of a bridge's capacity Latex Paint: Latex paint is a water-based paint to support live loads;the basis for load posting. that uses water as its primary solvent. The binder The determination of the carrying capacity of a in latex paint is usually a synthetic polymer bridge using bridge plans and supplemented by made from acrylic,vinyl, or a combination of information gathered from a field inspection. both. Latex paint is also known as water-based or acrylic paint. Latex paint is resistant to Low-pressure (water): Is a cleaning process that moisture and scuffs. uses water at a relatively low pressure to remove dirt, dust, and other unwanted material from a Lattice, latticing: An assembly of smaller pieces surface. For masonry, stone masonry,and plaster arranged in a crisscross-like pattern; sometimes low-pressure is considered 100 to 400 psi with a used as a decorative element or to form a truss flow rate of 4 to 6 gpm. For concrete and asphalt of primarily diagonal members. low-pressure is considered 2000 to 2800 psi with a flow rate of 3 to 5 gpm. Laydown Yard (see Staging Area): LPA (Local Public Agency): LPA's refer to the Lead-based Paint: Is paint with lead levels that four local county agencies;Hawai'i County, equal or exceed one milligram per square Maui County, City and County of Honolulu, and centimeter(mg/cm2) or 0.5 percent by weight. A Kaua'i County. lot of historic bridges used lead-based paint, which is now considered a hazardous material M and care should be taken when having to work with historic bridges that are painted. Mag Drill: Drill with magnetic base. Typically used to drill through steel. Lead Federal Agency—The federal agency responsible for compliance with the Magnetic Particle Testing (MP): Is a non- requirements of Section 106.When two federal destructive testing (NDT)method used to detect agencies are involved, e.g., FHWA and USACE, surface and subsurface flaws in ferromagnetic the lead federal agency is the one with the FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 96 January 2, 2025 materials. These materials include iron,nickel, Mortar: A paste of cement, sand and water laid cobalt, and some of their alloys. between bricks, stones, or concrete blocks. Makai: In Hawaiian language, a directional term Mortar Joint: A mortar joint is the space indicating towards the ocean. between bricks or concrete blocks in masonry construction. The space is filled with mortar, a Masonry: That portion of a bridge composed of mixture of cement, aggregate, and water. stone,brick or concrete block placed in layers either dry laid or cemented with mortar. Mortar Lift: Is a thin layer of mortar in a series of several layers (lifts)that is used to build up Master Mason: A master mason is a skilled and the mortar to a final grade. Several mortar lifts experienced craftsman in the building trades, are used to build up the final amount of mortar particularly in stonemasonry. They are usually in required. business on their own account. Media Blasting (see Sand Blasting): Mortar Washing (see Surface Grouting) Memorandum of Agreement(MOA): a N document that records the terms and conditions agreed upon to resolve the adverse effects of an National Register of Historic Places (NRHP): undertaking upon historic properties. The official list of recognized properties of national, state, and local significance in Methacrylate (Sealant): Methyl methacrylate American history, architecture, archeology, adhesives (MMAs) are a type of structural engineering,and culture,maintained and adhesive that is used to bond metals,plastics, expanded by the National Park Service on behalf and composites. MMAs are made of a resin and of the Secretary of the Interior. hardener. They are usually two-part reactive acrylic adhesives. MMAs are formulated with Native Hawaiian Organization (NHO): Per modifiers to improve flexibility and act as Section 106, any organization which serves and strengthening agents. MMAs cure quickly at represents the interests of Native Hawaiians; has room temperature and have full bond strength as a primary and stated purpose the provision of soon after application. They are resistant to services to Native Hawaiians and has shear,peel, and impact stress. demonstrated expertise in aspects of historic preservation that are significant to Native Micropiles: Also known as mini piles,pin piles, Hawaiians. needle piles, and root piles,are deep foundation elements constructed using high-strength, small- Navigational Lights: Navigational lights and diameter steel casing and/or threaded bars. other marine signals are required on bridges over the navigable waters of the United States. The Mildewcide: Is a chemical or preparation that sole purpose of these signals is to prevent destroys mildew and can be added to paint to vessel-bridge collisions. prevent mold and mildew from growing on interior and exterior surfaces. No Adverse Effect: Is a finding that an undertaking may have an effect on a historic Minimally Invasive (see Invasive): property,but it will not alter the characteristics that qualify it for the National Register of Moe Pu: Hawaiian translation means sleeping Historic Places. The undertaking may have together/buried together. minor impacts or conditions may be imposed to avoid adverse effects. Monitors (see Sensors): Non-bridge Class Structures (see Culvert) FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 97 January 2, 2025 characteristics which qualify it for listing on the Non-Contributing: A non-contributing building, National Register of Historic Places. site, structure, or object does not add to the historic associations, architectural qualities,or Petrographic Analysis: Petrographic analysis is a archaeological values for which a property is diagnostic tool used to examine concrete significant. failures. It involves using microscopes to examine samples of concrete or rock to Non-destructive: Non-destructive means not determine their chemical and mineralogical causing damage to a material or structure.Non- characteristics. destructive testing (NDT)is a group of methods used to assess a material's characteristics without Pick Penetration: A technique used in the harming it. inspection of timber structures whereby an"Ice Pick" (or an Awl)is driven into the exterior face Non-Ionic: Nonionic liquids are composed of of the timber to obtain a relative hardness. molecules that do not dissociate into ions. They Which is in turn used to approximate the have negligible conductivities,but they are external degree of deterioration or rot. polarized by an electric field. Pier: A vertical structure that supports the ends O of a multi-span superstructure at a location between abutments. Also, see column and pile. Orbital Sander: A hand-held power tool that is used to sand a surface, in this case the tools Pier Cap: The topmost horizontal portion of a move the sanding tool face in a circular motion. pier that distributes loads from the superstructure to the vertical pier elements. Overlay(see Concrete Overlay): Pile: A long column driven deep into the ground P to form part of a foundation or substructure. Also, see column and pier. Pack Rust: Is a type of localized corrosion that occurs when two pieces of metal are in contact Pile Cap: A thick concrete block or other with each other. As the metal(s) starts to material capping that rests on top of a group of corrode, rust starts to build up and pack in piles. Pile caps support the bearings and deck of between the surfaces. This buildup can create a bridge. high internal pressures that can deform the original metal. Plate: A flat piece of metal or wood. Parapet: A low solid wall along the outmost Pneumatic Rivet Buster(Hammer): A pneumatic edge of the roadway or a bridge to protect rivet buster is a tool that is used to cut rivets off vehicles and pedestrians. Parapets may have of metal structures. Rivet busters were originally intentional decorative features such as recessed designed to cut and form metal rivets,but they panels or concrete textures. are now more commonly used for concrete demolition. Rivet busters work similarly to air Patina: Patina is a thin layer that forms on the hammers. They use compressed air with valves surface of certain metals and other materials. It and pistons to operate the hammer bit. can be caused by oxidation or other chemical processes, or by age,wear, and polishing. Pointing/Repointing: The compacting of the mortar in the outermost portion of a joint and the Period of Significance: The length of time when trowelling of the exposed surface to secure water a property was associated with important events, tightness or desired architectural effect. activities, or persons, or attained the FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 98 January 2, 2025 Ponding: Standing water that has collected in a Preservation Treatment: Treatment of an historic low spot on the bridge or roadway surface. property refers to the course of action that is deemed most appropriate for the historic Pony Truss: A truss having its roadway at the structure, site, or district. The SOI Standards for level of the lower chord and insufficient height the Treatment of Historic Properties are to use a top chord system of lateral bracing; also Preservation, Rehabilitation, Restoration, and referred to as a"low truss." Reconstruction. Pop-out: a fragment broken out of a concrete Preservative Treatment: Is a chemical treatment surface by pressure. that protects wood from damage by fungi, bacteria, insects, and moisture. Preservatives can Portal: The opening at the ends of a through also increase wood's resistance to fire and truss or through arch which forms the entrance. decomposition. Also,the open entrance of a tunnel. Prestressed Concrete: Concrete with strands, Portal stmt: A stmt in the portal bracing of a tendons, or bars that are stressed before the live bridge. load is applied. Cracking and tensile forces are greatly reduced by compressing the concrete Portland Cement: Is a finely ground powder that with the strands,tendons, or bars. sets and hardens when mixed with water. It is the most common type of cement used in Preventive Maintenance: The American construction. Portland cement is made by Association of State Highway and heating a mixture of clay and limestone to a high Transportation Officials (AASHTO) temperature,grinding the resulting clinker, and Subcommittee on Maintenance defines adding 2-3%gypsum. Preventive Maintenance as "a planned strategy of cost-effective treatments to an existing Post-Tensioning: Post-tensioning is a method of roadway system and its appurtenances that reinforcing concrete or other materials with preserves the system,retards future high-strength steel strands or bars, called deterioration, and maintains or improves the tendons. The tendons are placed in plastic functional condition of the system (without sleeves and positioned inside the concrete substantially increasing structural capacity)." formwork before the concrete is poured. After the concrete has hardened,the tendons are Program Comment: The FHWA Program tensioned, and the prestressing force is Comment on Common Post-1945 Concrete and transferred to the concrete through the end Steel Bridges (Bridge PC)is a streamlining anchorages. measure that removes certain common concrete and steel bridges from further consideration Potable Water: Water suitable for human under Section 106 of the National Historic consumption. Preservation Act. Power Wash: Is a term used for pneumatic water Programmatic Agreement: A Programmatic sprayed at very low to high pressure used to Agreement is a legally binding document that clean a surface. Pressure can vary between 100 commits an agency both by statute and by to 5000 psi depending on the type of machine federal regulation to carry out the undertaking in and material that is to be cleaned. accordance with the terms of the agreement in satisfaction of its responsibilities under Section Preservation: see Bridge Preservation for FHWA 106. The Programmatic Agreement serves three definition and Historic Preservation for NPS main purposes: (1)to specify the alternatives or definition. mitigation agreed to by the signatories; (2)to identify who is responsible for carrying out the FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 99 January 2, 2025 specified measures; and(3)to serve, along with Retaining Wall: A structure designed to retain its implementation,as evidence of the agency's and hold back a mass of earth. Often used to compliance with Section 106. hold back the fill of the approach roadways or embankments next to a bridge. psf: Pounds per square foot. Right of Way: Refers to the property boundary R limits (and strip of land)that is managed and used by an Agency for roadways and bridges. Raked(Mortar) Joint: A type of joint where the mortar is raked back to a certain depth from the Rip Rap: Gabions, stones,blocks of concrete or face of the masonry units. The mortar is first other protective covering material of like nature made flush with the units and then raked out to deposited upon river and stream beds and banks, the desired depth. Raked joints are used lake,tidal, or other shores to prevent erosion and stylistically to darken the appearance of masonry scour by water flow,wave, or other movement. work. Rivet: A metal fastener used mostly in pre-1970 Railing: a fence-like construction or low barrier construction to connect multiple pieces of metal; built at the outermost edge of a bridge's made with a rounded preformed head at one end roadway or sidewalk to protect pedestrians and and installed hot into a predrilled or punched vehicles. hole;the other end was hammered into a similar shaped head thereby clamping the adjoining Rehabilitation: The act or process of making parts together. possible a compatible use for a property through repair, alterations, and additions while Rivet shank: The area between the rivet heads. preserving those portions or features which convey its historical,cultural, or architectural Rotary Cutting Barrel Tool: A circular tool used values. to cut a cylinder out of concrete (concrete coring). Reinforced concrete: Concrete with steel reinforcing bars embedded in it to supply Rubbed Concrete: A concrete finish that is increased tensile strength and durability. rubbed with a wooden trowel to create a certain finished look. Reinforcing Steel/Bar: a steel bar,plain or with a deformed surface,which bonds to the concrete Rubble: Rough stones of irregular shapes and and supplies tensile strength to the concrete. sizes; often used in rough,uncoursed work in the Also sometimes referred to as "rebar"or construction of walls,foundations, and paving. "reinforcement." Rubble Concrete: Any type of concrete in which Repointing (see Pointing): large stones are placed. This type of concrete is most often used in constructing dams,lock Resistance Drill: Also known as a resistance walls,breakwaters, retaining walls, and bridge microdrill or resistograph,is a tool used to piers. Sometimes referred to as "cyclopean inspect timber bridges for decay. The drill uses concrete." an 1/8-inch in diameter needle drill bit to identify areas of decay. The drill is driven into Rubble Masonry: Stone masonry built of rubble. the wood material at a constant speed and Undressed or roughly dressed stones are laid in a depending on the strength of the wood provides suitable mortar. Joints are not of uniform a relative resistance pressure that is graphed out thickness. within the tool. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 100 January 2, 2025 Rutting Depth: The depth of rutting in the Scour Critical: Scour critical bridges are bridges roadway along the wheel lines created by "with a foundation element that has been vehicles. determined to be unstable for the observed or evaluated scour condition. S Scour Protection: Protection of submerged Sack Rub (see Surface Grouting): Sack rub is a material by steel sheet piling, rip rap, concrete finish for concrete surfaces that produces an aprons, etc., or a combination of methods. even texture and fills pits and air holes. The process involves dampening the surface and Scrub Coat(see Surface Grouting): A concrete rubbing a mixture of dry cement and sand over it scrub coat is a brushed application of material with a wad of burlap or a sponge-rubber float. that prepares a patch area for bonding. The The mixture is rubbed over the surface before it material is scrubbed into the prepared substrate. dries to remove surplus mortar and fill the voids. The scrub coat forms a stiff slurry that helps with the bonding process. Sampling: Steel(see Coupons): A small section of material that is removed from the parent Scupper: An opening in the floor or railing of a material and tested for various properties. bridge to provide a means for rain or other water to drain through into the space beneath the Sand Blasting: Sand media is blown out of a structure. high-pressure pneumatic gun. Used to remove paint and other material from steel and concrete Sealer/Sealant: A substance that is applied to a surfaces. surface to prevent air or water from entering or escaping. Sandbag: A bag filled with sand and used as a component of a stream diversion system. Secretary of the Interior's (SOI)Professional Qualification Standards: Describe in terms of Saw cut: A term used to describe the action of academic attainment,training, and experience, cutting into the concrete surface during a minimum professional standards for disciplines concrete repair. It is done prior to removing the routinely practicing in historic preservation such deteriorated concrete. The saw cut is done along as archaeology, architectural history,history, the boundary of the repair and used to confine it. and historic architecture. They describe the minimum education and experience which Scaffold/Scaffolding: A temporary structure that qualifies select individuals to produce supports workers and materials during professionally credible and competent work. The construction or maintenance work. National Historic Preservation Act per Section 106 and 112 require agencies responsible for Scarify/Scarification: The process of removing a protecting historic properties (in this case surface by cutting or abrading it. In construction, bridges)to ensure that all actions taken by their scarification is used to remove concrete or employees or contractors meet professional coatings from concrete surfaces. Scarification standards as determined by the SOI. can be used to create a level surface or expose the aggregate in the concrete. Secretary of the Interior's (SOI) Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties: The Scour: Removal of a streambed or bank area by principles established by the Secretary of the stream flow; erosion of streambed or bank Interior for the planning and execution of material due to flowing water; often considered projects involving the preservation, as being localized around piers and abutments of rehabilitation,restoration,or reconstruction of bridges. historic properties. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 101 January 2, 2025 Section 106 Review Process: The process placed at the abutments or piers. There are established under the National Historic numerous manufacturers of this type of joint,but Preservation Act requiring federal agencies to all provide a moveable joint at bridge joints. consider the effects of their actions on properties listed in or eligible for listing in the National Soffit: Underside of a bridge deck. Sometimes Register, and to provide the Advisory Council also referred to as the intrados if the bridge is an on Historic Preservation an opportunity to arch or arch shape. comment on the effects of these actions. Sounding Survey: Measurements taken of the Section Loss: a loss of a member's cross- stream or body of water that are measured from sectional area usually by corrosion or decay. the water surface to the streambed or bottom. Settlement: The downward movement of a Spall: A surface depression in concrete caused structure's foundation into the soil below. This by a separation of a portion of the surface can happen when the soil beneath a structure concrete, revealing a fracture parallel with or shift or expands, and the soil is unable to support slightly inclined to the surface. the foundation. Span: The distance between the supports of a Shear: A force that occurs when environmental beam;the distance between the faces of the forces put pressure in opposite directions on a substructure elements;the complete single fastened part of a bridge. Shear is similar superstructure of a single span bridge or a to torsion,but shear occurs on a horizontal corresponding integral unit of a multiple span plane. structure. Sheet pile: a wall-like barrier created by driving Spandrel: The roughly triangular area above an interlocking,usually Z-shaped piles, into the arch and below a horizontal bridge deck. A ground to keep earth or water out of an closed spandrel encloses fill material. An open excavation or to protect an embankment. spandrel carries its load using interior walls or columns. Shoring: Shoring is the process of temporarily supporting a building,vessel, structure,or trench Splice: A structural joint between members to with shores (props)when in danger of collapse extend their effective length. or during repairs or alterations. Spread Footing/Foundation: A type of Significance: Historic importance of a property foundation that spreads the weight of a structure to the architecture, archaeology, engineering, over a larger area to increase stability. The culture of a community, state, or the nation. foundation is wider at the bottom than at the top Significance is established through historic and is typically made of reinforced concrete. contexts and application of the National Register The wider base helps to distribute the load over Criteria for Evaluation. a larger area,reducing the pressure on the soil. Slab: A horizontal layer of plain or reinforced Staging Area(Laydown Yard): An area for the concrete of typically uniform thickness contractor to store equipment,materials, and (sometimes can vary)that is directly supported supplies during the construction phase. by substructure elements or directly on the ground and used to support applied loads State Historic Preservation Office(r): The through flexure. official appointed or designated pursuant to Section 101(b)(1) of the National Historic Sliding Plate Joint: A specific type of joint that Preservation Act to administer a State's historic is used for expansion of the bridge deck and preservation program or a representative FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 102 January 2, 2025 designated to act for the State Historic Superstructure: The entire portion of a bridge Preservation Officer(SHPO). SHPD is the structure that primarily receives and supports SHPO for the State of Hawai'i.' traffic loads and in turn transfers these loads to the bridge substructure. Historic bridges are Strap: A narrow band of flexible material used typically classified by their superstructure type to encircle and hold together various articles. or design,e.g.,truss, arch, slab,tee beam, etc. Stream Diversions: A system used to physically Swale: A trough or small channel used to control divert the stream flow away from the work area and divert water. so that the work can be done in the dry. T Stringer(s): A beam or series of parallel beams that supports the deck and transmits the live Telemetry: Is the automatic collection and loads on the bridge to the substructure elements. transmission of data from remote sources to a receiving location for monitoring and analysis. Stripping Agent: Are chemical products that remove paint,finishes, and coatings from Temporary Structure: Typically, a non- surfaces. They can also clean the surface permanent structure which will be removed once underneath. They can be used to remove old its intended use is no longer needed, or the coatings that are difficult to remove by other construction activity is completed. methods. Tendons: Are structural members used to Strong-backs: A secondary support member support the bridge in various configurations. connected to primary member to provide Tendons are typically composed of steel rods or additional support or capacity. cables attached at each end and carries the tensile force of the members they support. Structural Stability: The ability of a structure to maintain its normal configuration,not collapse Tensile Strength: A measure of the maximum or tip in any way,under existing and expected stress (or"elongation")that a material can loads. withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. It demonstrates how ductile, or Substructure: The parts of a bridge that support malleable,the material is. the superstructure. The main components are abutments or end-bents,piers or interior bents, Tension rod: A rod subjected to a state of being footings, and piling. stretched. Subsurface Voids: Voids that occur under the Tension Zone: Tension is a force that pulls and ground surface and are only visible using stretches material in opposite directions.When a specialized equipment like ground penetrating load is applied perpendicular to the alignment of radar. a simply supported beam,the top region is pushed together(compression), and the bottom Sulphates: Sulfates are a family of chemicals region is stretched (tension) -like a smiley face. that contain sulfur and oxygen atoms. Sulfate The middle region of the beam experiences little attack is a severe problem that can cause to no compression or tension. concrete to deteriorate. It occurs when sulfates in the fill material beneath a concrete slab (or in Thermographic Imagery: The process of using the environment)migrate into the concrete. The heat-sensitive equipment to detect and produce sulfates react with the concrete, causing it to images. Thermal imaging cameras capture expand. infrared radiation emitted from objects and convert it into visible images. These images FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 103 January 2, 2025 depict the spatial distribution of temperature or indirect jurisdiction of a federal agency, differences. including those carried out by or on behalf of a federal agency;those carried out with federal financial assistance; and those requiring a Thin Polymer Overlay: A type of deck overlay federal permit,license or approval. or wearing surface that is used to protect the bridge deck and improve skid resistance. They V are also known as thin deck overlays or epoxy overlays. Veneer: A thin decorative material used as a cover to change the look of the original surface Through truss: A truss that carries its traffic underneath(i.e.,a thin wood veneer sheet placed through the interior of the structure with cross- over a concrete wall to make it look like a wood bracing between the parallel top and bottom wall instead of a concrete wall). chords. Also known as a"high truss." Vertical: Upright,plumb,perpendicular to the Truss: A jointed structure made of individual horizon. Also, an upright member in a truss. members arranged and connected usually in a triangular pattern, as to support longer spans. W Trusses are often classified by the pattern of the triangles and/or the methods of connecting the Water Blasting: Extremely high-pressured water members, e.g.,pin-connected Pratt truss. used to demolish concrete or break apart components. U Water Pressure (see Low-Pressure and High- Uhau humu pohaku: Dry stacking or uhau humu Pressure): This refers to the force of water pohaku (pohaku means rock) is to make a coming out of a pressure producing machine. It construction without any mortar or joinery. Dry is the amount of force per unit area generated at stacking requires a high degree of skill as the the nozzle tip when operating. rocks must be fitted in such a way that they lock together like a series of interlocking teeth. Water Repellant Coating (or Waterproof Coating): A coating that actively repels water Ultrasonic Testing: A non-destructive testing from the surface and does not allow the water to (NDT)technique that uses high-frequency sound penetrate the coating. The coating causes the waves to examine materials. The sound waves water to bead or sheet and easily removed. are sent through the material to characterize it or detect flaws. Waterway Opening: The physical opening below the bridge from which a stream can flow Undermine: The scouring away of stream and unobstructed. The waterway opening is typically supporting foundation material from beneath the defined as the area below the bridge that is substructure footing. between the abutments, excluding intermediate piers or bents that make. Underpin/Underpinning: Filling in an undermining void with hard material. Typically, Wear Grooves: Grooves on any surface that are concrete or flowable fill is used to fill in an developed by continual rubbing, and which, undermining void under a concrete foundation. slowly over time,wear down the surface and In some cases,micropiles or jacks are used to create grooves. Rutting in the roadway surface is provide additional structural capacity. a type of wear groove created by vehicle tires. Undertaking: Means a project, activity or Wearing Surface: The topmost layer of a program funded in whole or part under the direct material applied on top of the bridge deck that FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 104 January 2, 2025 forms the riding surface for vehicles and minimizes deterioration of the underlying deck. Wire Brush/Brushing: The use of a wire brush Also known as a wearing course. The wearing for cleaning hard surfaces such as iron and steel. surface of a historic bridge is typically meant to be sacrificial and periodically maintained or Workmanship: Quality of historical integrity replaced,protecting the underlying deck. applying to the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture,people, or artisan. Web: The system of members connecting the top and bottom chords of a truss. Or the vertical Wrought Iron: A type of iron with high tensile portion of an I-beam or girder. strength that was used in early pre-1900 bridge construction prior to the availability of mild Weight Limit Posting: The posted allowable steel. It has a very low carbon content making it maximum weight limit(s) a bridge can safely. hard to weld for present day repairs. Typically,the posting weight is based on load rating calculations to determine the maximum Z allowable weight limit that will not cause harm to the bridge. Zero Moment Zone: The location where the beam transitions from compression to tension, or Wingwall: A retaining wall extension of an vice versa. Also known as "a point of abutment intended to restrain and hold in place contraflexure." the side slope material of an approach roadway embankment. FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix B —Best Practices Manual 105 January 2, 2025 Appendix C Compliance Form FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program January 2, 2025 1 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT 2 AMONG 3 THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, 4 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS HONOLULU DISTRICT, 5 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, 6 THE CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, 7 COUNTY OF MAUI, THE COUNTY OF HAWAII, 8 THE HAWAII STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER,AND 9 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION 10 REGARDING THE 11 HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM 12 APPENDIX C: COMPLIANCE FORM 13 I. PROJECT IDENTIFICATION 14 Date Reviewed: 15 Certified HDOT Project Manager: 16 Project Name: 17 Bridge Name: 18 Bridge ID Number: 19 Island Moku Ahupua'a 20 TMK: 21 GPS Coordinates: 22 Bridge Crossing Feature: 23 Area of Proposed Effect(APE),include a location Map: 24 25 Status of bridge on the Historic Bridge List(Attachment 1): 26 Eligible (subject to PA) Not Eligible (Not subject to PA) 27 Not on Historic Bridge List(Consult SOI Qualified Professional for a Determination of Eligibility 28 if bridge is>50 years of age OR proceed with procedures outlined in 36 C.F.R. §800) 29 II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 30 Project Description and Scope of Work: 31 32 33 DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix C-Compliance Form 1 January 2,2025 34 Confirm that the project is subject to: 35 Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) as governed by 36 CFR §800 36 (Funded in whole or in part under the direct or indirect jurisdiction of a Federal Agency,including 37 those carried out by or on behalf of a Federal Agency; requires a federal permit, license, or 38 approval) 39 USACE Nationwide Permit 40 (Subject to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Honolulu District permits under Section 10 41 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 and Section 404 of the Clean Water Act of 1973) 42 Funding by State and/or County(see Attachment 3) 43 (Subject to Hawaii Revised Statues(HRS) 6E as governed by Hawaii Administrative Rules(HAR) 44 §13-275);to satisfy requirements of HRS Chapter 6E, see below: 45 Qualifying Activities on "Comprehensive Exemption List for the State of Hawaii 46 Department of Transportation Amended, February 1, 2022." 47 Exemption Class/Number: PA Tier Number/Section: 48 Exemption Class/Number: PA Tier Number/Section: 49 Exemption Class/Number: PA Tier Number/Section: 50 III. PROPOSED TIER ACTIVITES 51 Identify the Best Practices Manual (Appendix B) section numbers used in the work: 52 List Tier 1 Activities: 53 54 55 List Tier 2 Activities: 56 57 58 List Tier 3 Activities: 59 60 61 IV. PROJECT DOCUMENTATION (Minimum Requirements) 62 Location map for the bridge 63 Attach a set of final design plans if prepared for contractor bidding. 64 Attach photos and/or other documentation of the work items to be undertaken DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix C-Compliance Form 2 January 2,2025 65 COMPLIANCE VERIFICATION 66 The undersigned agrees to comply with the following Stipulations: 67 • Project reviewed by a Certified Project Manager in accordance with the Programmatic 68 Agreement. 69 • Project is limited to NHPA Section 106 "No Adverse Effect"activities listed in the Best Practices 70 Manual (Appendix B). 71 • Changes to project plans change shall be subject to Stipulation VII.E of the Programmatic 72 Agreement. 73 For Tier 1 and 2 Activities: 74 75 Signature of Certified Project Manager Printed Name 76 77 Department Phone Number 78 79 Date 80 For Tier 3 Activities: 81 82 Signature of SOI Qualified Professional Printed Name 83 84 Department or Company Phone Number 85 86 Date 87 This completed Compliance Form is your "No Adverse Effect" project determination 88 under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act 89 Submit this form and associated documents to 90 91 92 DRAFT FINAL Hawaii Historic Bridge Program Appendix C-Compliance Form 3 January 2,2025 Attachment 1 Historic Bridge List FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program January 2, 2025 1 ATTACHMENT 1 -HISTORIC BRIDGE LIST 2 INTRODUCTION 3 The Historic Bridge List is a statewide inventory of currently listed, eligible and potentially 4 eligible historic bridges under 36 C.F.R. § 800.4. The Historic Bridge List is comprised of the 5 2024 State Historic Bridge Inventory and Evaluation Update (Inventory) which evaluated 323 6 State and County Bridges, including 100 priority bridges from the 2013 inventory that were re- 7 evaluated and had their integrity assessments updated, and 223 potentially altered or previously 8 unevaluated bridges, including those built between 1968-1977, and any bridges evaluated in the 9 2013 Hawaii State Historic Bridge Inventory and Evaluation that were not re-evaluated in 2024. 10 These Inventories form the basis of data used to reach consensus on the statewide identification 11 of historic bridges at the time of this Agreement. 12 The Eligibility Status of bridges listed in the following matrices from the 2024 Inventory is 13 organized into the following categories: 14 Eligible 15 These are eligible for listing on the Hawaii or National Register of Historic Places and are 16 subject to Section 106 of the NHPA or its programmatic alternatives. They are subject to the 17 terms of this Agreement. 18 Eligible, Contributing 19 These are eligible for listing on the Hawaii or National Register of Historic Places as part of a 20 Historic District and are subject to Section 106 of the NHPA or its programmatic alternatives. 21 They are subject to the terms of this Agreement. 22 Not Eligible 23 Bridges considered not eligible for listing include those that have lost considerable 24 historic integrity or do not exhibit any quality that relays historic significance. These bridges are 25 not subject to Section 106 of the NHPA and are not subject to this Agreement. 26 Non-Contributing 27 Bridges not eligible for listing and located within historic districts. These bridges are not subject 28 to Section 106 of the NHPA and are not subject to this Agreement. 29 Program Comments 30 The FHWA and the ACHP have issued a Program Comment that eliminated individual historic 31 review requirements under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act for common 32 post-1945 concrete and steel bridges and culverts. These bridges are generally undistinguished 33 from an engineering or architectural perspective and are considered to have little value for 34 preservation. These structures are not subject to Section 106 of the NHPA and are not subject to 35 this Agreement. FINAL DRAFT Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program Attachement 1 —Historic Bridge List 1 01/02/2025 Kauai 2024 Updated State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 007000500001694 Eleele Pedestrian Kaumualii Highway Pedestrian 1939 Steel Trestle Metal Picket Na Not Eligible"' This bridge has lost integrity due 10 is reconstruction in 2022 that raised its height and Overpassesulted in the replacement of its original railings and bridge deck. Kapaa Temporary r Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 007056000400161 Bypass Road- Kainahola Stream Temporary Kapaa 'Associated with Lihue Plantation 1937 Concrete Slab Metal Thrie Beam No Not Eligible' Kainahola Stream Bypass Road •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge Bridge •Bridge abutments area potentially eligible historic resource Wmahai Stream Listed, •Bridge is non-contributing feature of Kauai Belt Road(North Shore section)due to the 007005600500593 Bridge Lumahai Stream Kuhio Highway 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal Yes Non-Contributing"complete replacement of the orginal 1905 bridge that fall in 1967 •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Ala,C/c 007000500002033 Makaweli Flume Kaumualii Highway Waterway 1946 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid Na Eligible"' 'Associated with sugar plantation industry Overpass •Good example of reinforced concrete flume that was constructed in the 1940s •Only known flume on Kauai Nawiliwdi Stream Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria C/c 007000510400023 Badge Nawiliwili Stream Rice Street 1933 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example ofa 1930s reinforced concrete bodge Opaekaa Stream •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria C/c 007005800600062 Bridge Opaekaa Stream Kuamoo Road 1936 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched Na Eligible.. •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Best example ofa 1930s reinforced concrete girder bodge Waikoko StreamReinforced Concrete Listed, •Bridge is non-contributing feature of Kauai Belt Road(North Shore section)due to the 007005600500428 Bridge Waikoko Stream Kuhio Highway 2019 Reinforced Concrete Bridge Rail Yes Non-Contributing complete replacement of the engine!1913bridge(007005600500427) See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices Wailua River Bridge (Mayor Bryan J. •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Ala,C/c 007000560400572 Baptiste Memorial Myer ver Kuhio Highway 1945 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Eligible"' •Earliest concrete bridge built postwar(1945)and best example of program comments Bridge) bridges on the stand of Kauai in the historic study period prior to 1977 Wainiha River Bridge Listed, •Bridge is non-contributing feature of Kauai Belt Road(North Shore section)due to the 007005600500673 No3 Wainiha Olsen Kuhio Highway 2007 Steel Truss Metal Thrie Beam Yes Non-Contributing"complete replacement of the original 1931 bridge in 2007 •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices Concrete Solid with Listed, 'NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Ala,A/c nbutin 007005600500343 Waioli Stream Bridge Waioli Stream Kuhio Highway 1912 Concrete Girder Cap Yes Cont15ed, •Contributes to the Kauai Belt Road(North Shore section)District •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices Reinforced Concrete Listed, •Bridge is non-contributing feature of Kauai Belt Road(North Shore section)due to the 007005600500397 Waipa Stream Bridge Waipa Stream Kuhio Highway 2019 Reinforced Concrete Bridge Rail No Non-Contributing complete replacement of the original 1912 bridge(007005600500396) See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Ala,C/c 007000500302671 WBaweopilau Stmam Weoweopilau Stream Kaumualii Highway 1937 Concrete Slab Concrete Open Greek No Eligible •Associated with the development of Kauai's Belt Road system Badge Cross •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge •Example of Federal Aid bodges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Elig,ble,Nat Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value.' Greyed-out cells have no form. Kauai State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 007000500301190 Aakukui Stream Bridge Aakukui Stream Kaumualii Highway 1948 Concrete Tee Beam CoHorizonncrete Opental No Program Comments This is a 1980001 postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ 007000560301489 Aliomaanud9Seream Aliomanu Stream Kuhio Highway 1960 Concrete Slab Concrete Seed No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Decorah 007000560301359 Anahola Stream Anahola Stream Kuhio Highway 1960 Concrete Girder Concrete Open No Program Comments This isatypical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Bridge Horizontal 007000500300700 Bridge No.7E Unnamed Stream Kaumualii Highway 1933 Concrete Slab Metal Thrie Beam No Not Eligible This culvert does not have distinctve engineering orarchitectural features that depart from standard culvert design_ 007000500300135 Drainage Canal No.1 Drainage Channel Kaumualii Highway 1957 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 007000500300178 Drainage Canal No.2 Drainage Channel Kaumualii Highway 1957 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 007000500300535 Drainage Canal No_3 Drainage Channel Kaumualii Highway 1957 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 007000500300570 Drainage Canal No_4 Drainage Channel Kaumualii Highway 1957 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 007005600500123 Hanalei River Bridge Hanalei River Kuhio Highway 1912 Steel Truss Metal Horizontal yes Eligible, •Contributes to the Kauai Belt Road(North Shore section)District Contributing"' •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices 007000560400123 Hanamaulu Stream Hanamaulu Stream Kuhio Highway 1933 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii (Kapaia)Bridge with Cap •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete girder bridge Hanamaulu Stream Concrete Solid Panel •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 007005830500004 (Maalo Road)Bridge Hanamaulu Stream Menlo Road 1927 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Eligible .Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete girder bridge 007000500301632 Hanapepe River Prestressed Concrete Hanapepe ver Kaumualii Highway 2021 Myer Concrete Open No Program Comments Replaced 1938 Bridge(007000500301631) Bridge Continuous Girder 007000500303031 Hoinakaunak;hua Hoinakaunalehua Kaumualii Highway 1950 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Thrie Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ Stream Bridge Stream 007000560302497 Kalihiwai River Bridge Kalihiwei River Kuhio Highway 1963 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Eligible... 'Longest concrete span butt postwar(1945)on the island of Kauai in the historic study period prior to 1977 007000560300986 Kapaa Stream Bridge Kapaa Stream Kuhio Highway 2021 Prestressed Concrete Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Replaced 1953 Bridge(007000560300985) Tee Beam Kaumakani Pedestrian •Only post-World War II pedestrian overpasses on Kauai 007000500001419 Overpass Kaumualii Highway Pedestrian 1948 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Eligible"' •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of 1940s reinforced concrete pedestrian bridge 007000560302286 Kilauea Stream Bridge Kilauea Stream Kuhio Highway 1970 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible This bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1921 bridge 9]0_ 007000500302249 Lawai Stream Bridge Lawai Stream Kaumualii Highway 1934 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible This bridge has lost integdtydue to the replacement of the railing onthe downstream side and bridge widening in 2002_ 007000500301157 Mahaikona Bridge Kekupa Stream Kaumualii Highway 1948 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 007000500301258 MahinBauliStre ridge am Mahinauli Stream Kaumualii Highway 1948 Concrete Tee Beam ConcretHorizontale Open No Program Comments This isatypical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 007000500301668 MCBryde Plantation MCBryde Plantation Kaumualii Highway 1939 Concrete Slab Metal Thrie Beam No Not Eligible This culvertdoes not have distinctve engineering orarchilectural features that depart Roatl Roatl from standard culvert design. 007000560400859 Mokeha Canal Bridge Mokeha Canal Kuhio Highway 1948 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Horizontal 007000560301844 Mohaa Stream Bridge Mohaa Stream Kuhio Highway 1965 Concrete Girder Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program Comments. Horizontal 007000500403272 Nawiliwli Stream Nawiliwli Outbound Kaumualii Highway 2014 Prestressed Concreted Reinforced Concrete No Program Comments Replaced 1936 Steel Stringer Bridge(007000500403271) Britlge(Lihue Mill) Girder Bridge Rail 007000501101343 HighwaOlokeley POverpasslantation Kaumualii Highway Plantation Road 1948 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Chain Link No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. •Associated with the development of Kauai's Belt Road system 007000500302465 Omeo Stream Bridge Om ao Stream Kaumualii Highway 1934 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bodge •Example of Federal Aid bodges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s 007000560301581 Papaa Stream Bridge Papaa Stream Kuhio Highway 1957 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. •Associated with sugar plantation industry and economic development 007005830500334 Railroad Overpass Maalo Road Plantation Road 1946 Steel Stringer Metal Chain Link No Eligible"' 'Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment •Associated with the railroad,and specific federal funding of the U.S.Works Program Grade Crossing Program 007000560400727 UhelekBddg¢Coral Uhelekawawa Canal Kuhio Highway 1963 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 007000560302485 UnStnametlructure ChannelNo4 Unnamed Channel Kuhio Highway 1963 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 007000500302388 UnnamedStream(2- Unnamed Stream Kaumualii Highway 1933 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Thde Beam No Not Eligible This culvert does not have distinctve engineering oramhitectumlfeatures that departcell Box Culvert) from standard culvert design_ 007000500301595 Bridge Unnametl(5cd1 StreamcuNed) Unnametl Stream Kaumualii Highway 1967 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. *NRHP or HRS GE Listed,Eliyble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Kauai State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Camietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Wahiawa Kai Stream Not Eligible, This bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1950 bridge 00]0054005000]] Badge Waiawa Stream Halewili Road 1974 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments in 1974_The replacement bridge is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program comments. •Example of Federal Aid bodges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s •Significant for innovative engineering and aesthetic merit Wahiawa Stmam Concrete Open Greek •First reinforced concrete rigid-frame bridge constructed in the islands 00]0005003019]2 Bridge Wahiawa Stream Kaumualii Highway 1936 Concrete Rigid Frame Cross No Eligible"' •One of only five of this type built prior to World War ll •One of the most sophisticated of the pre-Wohd War II bridges from an engineering perspective •Representative of the work ofa master.William R.Bartels 007000560302024 WaiakB uda9etream Waiakalua Stream Kuhio Highway 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program Comments_ Waihohonu Stream •Associated with the development of Kauai's Belt Road system 007000500302613 Bridge Waihohonu Stream Kaumu alii Highway 1934 Concrete Slab Concrete Open Arched No Eligible •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bridge •Example of Federal Aid bridges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s 007000560400804 Waikaea Canal Bridge Waikakea Canal Kuhio Highway 1948 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 00]0005604005]3 Wailua River Wailua ver Kuhio Highway 2012 Steel Truss Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible This bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1920 bridge Plantation Bridge Myerin 2012_ •Associated with sugar plantation industry Concrete Open Greek Myer •Significant for economic development 007000500301039 Waimea ver Bridge Waimea River Kaumualii Highway 1940 Concrete Tee Beam Cross No Eligible"' •Excellent 20th century example of bridge engineering and construction •Longest extant pre-World War II bridge on Kauai •Representative of the work ofa master.William R.Bartels Wainiha River Bridge •Bridge is non-contributing feature of Kauai Belt Road(North Shore section)due to the 00]0056005006]0 Not Wainiha River Kuhio Highway 2004 Steel Truss Metal Thrie Beam Yes Non-Contributing complete replacement of the original 1931 bridge in 2004 •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices Wainiha Stream •Bridge is non-contributing feature of Kauai Belt Road(North Shore section)due to the 007005600500644 Bridge Nrea Wainiha Stream Kuhio Highway 2010 Steel Truss Metal Thrie Beam Yes Non-Contributingcomplete replacement of the original 1922 bridge in 2010 See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Elig,ble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Kauai County Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge ParapetRlailing Listed on Number Name Creased Camietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register •Excellent example of early 20th century reinforced concrete deck girder •Prominent product of early temtonal govemment's public works program •Significant contribution to development of Kauai's transportation system and history of Concrete Solid with Hanapepe town 007190071119004 Hanapepe Bridge Hanapepe River Hanapepe Road 1911 Concrete Girder Cap No Eligiblee". •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in early reinforced deck girder technology concrete Representative ofwoh<of a master:Kauai County Engineer Joseph H.Moragne •Part of belt road plan and connected previously isolated communities with a paved highway and series of concrete badges •Built by Lihue Plantation in 1928 to accommodate new railroad line from the fields to the mill •Contributed to economic success of Lihue Plantation and the town by shortening the 007380021138001 Hoomana Overpass Cane Haul Road Hoomana Road 1928 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible"' distance to the mill and by eliminating agrade crossing in plantation's skilled worker housing area •one of the few remaining bridges that was originally built by private enterprise •One of two bridges remaining in Kauai that was originally built as a railroad crossing •Has paneled rail design typical of period 007440181144002 Kainahola Bridge Kainahola Stream Kainahola Road 1950 Steel Stanger No Parapet/Railing No Eligible 'Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment •Good example of 1950s concrete and steel stringer bridge that is atypical of its period •Was an important transportation link for residents of Kapaa Homestead lands 007460021146001 Kapahi Badge Kapaa Stream Kawaihau Road 1937 Steel Stanger Wood No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in steel bridge construction in Hawaii •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment •Good example of 1930s steel bodge that is typical of its period •Significant for contributions to development of Kauai's transportation system,early history of Kilauea town,and early developments of concrete badge construction in Hawaii 007510011151001 Kaki Badge Waipake Stream Koolau Road 1913 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Eligible'" •Unique three-part railing design demonstrates builder's creative adaptation of academic Decorative plan to site conditions •Excellent example of new reinforced concrete bridge construction technology in early 20th century in Kauai 007520201152001 Kilauea Bridge Kilauea Stream Kolo Road 2008 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal Na Not Eligible The bodge has lost irrlegatytlue tothe complete replacement of the original 1913 badge in 2008_ •Early development in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Concrete Solid with •One of the earliest concrete bridges 007340011134001 Kipu Bridge Rubio Stream Kipu Road 1914 Concrete Tee Beam Cap No Eligiblee". •Good example of 1910s reinforced concrete bridge •Typical of its period in use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge 007120061112001 Kokee Badge Waipa Stream Kokee Road 1920 Concrete Slab Metal Shoe Beam No Eligible •Typical of its period in use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design •Funded under the Territorial Loan Fund program 007270100828001 Koloa Road Badge Waikomo Stream Koloa Road 1928 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible'" 'Construction of the bridge wase part of belt road system and eased traffic for Koloa with Cap Town •At the time of construction,the bridge was fifty feet wide and was the widest on Kauai •Only concrete closed spandrel arch concrete on Kauai •Arch bodges aro an uncommon bodge type •one of approximately eve remaining in Hawaii(design is identical to hndgas on the island of Hawaii:Mamalahoa-Puuokalepa and Mamalahoa-Waaama,and the island of Oahu:Waipahu Street-Waikele Stream arch) 007230411123003 Lawai Badge Lewei Stream Leuohe Rood 1919 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Solid with No Eligible'" •Significant contributions to the development of Kauai's transportation system and the Cap early history of Lawai •Associated with 20th century developments in easy reinforced concrete arch bodge •construction 1929 alteration by work of a master:Kauai County Engineer Joseph H.Moragne •A part of a series of concrete arch bridges that ushered in new era in bridge development after 1904—previously bridges were constructed of timber,stone,or metal •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction 007120061112002 Maria Badge No-1 Maria Stream Kok.Road 1930 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Eligile"' •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge with post and beam Hoazontal •Artistic value for craftsmanship and design •Apparent wooden form work from poured in place concrete *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EliAble,Nat Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Kauai County Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Creased Camietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register •One of Inc remaining reinforced concrete deck girder budges on Kauai and is the longest span of its type on the island Concrete Solid Penal •Also known as a Duke's bridge 00 7350 0111 350 01 Nawiliwili Bridge Nawiliwili Stream Paena Loop 1920 Concrete Girder with Cap No Eligiblee". •Is a prominent product of County of Kauais public worksprogram •Significant contributions to development of island's transportation system and history of Nawiliwili Harbor •Representative of work of a master:Kauai County Engineer Joseph H.Moragne 007430200743001 Olohena Bridge No.1 Olohena Stream Olohena Road 2005 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible The bridge has lost irtegdtytlue lathe complete replacement of the original 1941 bridge in 2005_ 007270011127001 Omao Road Bridge Omao Stream Omao Road 2004 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible The bridge has lost iMegdtytlue lathe complete replacement of the original 1941 bridge in 2004_ 007420201142006 Opaekaa Bridge Opaekaa Stream Opaekaa Road 2021 Steel Stringer Steel Bridge Rail No Not Eligible Replaced 1900 Bridge(007420151142001)_See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices_ •Early development In concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Concrete Solid with •One of the earliest concrete bridges 00 75201 711 520 02 Puukumu Bridge Puukumu Stream Kalihiwai Road 1913 Concrete Tee Beam CaNo Eligible"' •Good example of 1910s concrete tee beam bridge p •Typical of its period in use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design 007420201144002 Puuopae Bridge Kalama Stream Puuopae Road 2020 Steel Stringer Steel Bridge Rail No Not Eligible Replaced 1915 Puuopae Bridge(007440111144001).See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices_ •Early development In concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 007280500728003 Wailana Bridge No-2 Wailana Stream Maluhia Road 1936 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid with No Eligible 'Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete giNerbridge Cap •Typical of its period in use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design •Early development In concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 007280500728001 Wailana Bridge No-4 Wailana Stream Maluhia Road 1910 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid with No Eligible'" 'Good example of 1910s reinforced concrete slab bridge Cap •Typical of its period in use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EliOble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value.' Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu 2024 Updated State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Farrington Highway- •NRHP/HRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c 003009301101728 Waialua Plantation Farrington Highway Plantation Road 1940 Steel Stringer Concrete Open No Eligiblee.' 'Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment Road Horizontal •Good example of 1940s reinforced concrete and steel stringer bodge •Bridge is not publicly accessible Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c 003000830302169 Hauula Stream Hauula Stream hwa 1932 Concrete Tee Beam with Ca No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 9 y p •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bodge Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c 003000830302903 Kaaawa Stream Kaaawa Stream hwa 1927 Concrete Slab with Ca No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 9 y p •Good example of a 1920s reinforced concrete bodge Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c 003000830303575 Kaalaea Stream Kaalaea Stream hwa 1923 Concrete Slab with Ca No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 9 y p •Good example of a 1920s reinforced concrete bodge Kahawainui Stream- Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c 003000830301785 Laiewai Kahawainui Sream Highway 1933 Concrete Slab with Cap No Eligible •Assocated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bodge Kamehameha •NRHP/HRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c 003000830302099 Kaipapau Stream Kaipapau Stream Highway 1932 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bodge 003000990402053 Kalauao Springs Kalauao Springs Kamehameha 1936 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Greek No Not Eligible" •Loss ofintegrity due to bridge widening (Eastbound) Highway Cross 003000990402054 Kalauao Springs Kalauao Springs Kamehameha 1945 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Greek No Not Eligible" •Loss of integrity due to bnd ge widening (Westbound) Highway Cross Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c 003000830302282 Kaluanui Stream Kaluanui Stream Highway 1926 Concrete Slab with Cap No Eligible •Assocated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1920s reinforced concrete bodge •NRHP/HRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c •Excellent example of late-penod steel through-deck Warren truss bridge that was constructed during the depression era •One of three metal truss bridges remaining in the state 003000800300071 Kaukonahua Bridge- Wahaiwa Reservoir Kamehameha 1932 Steel Truss Metal Horizontal No Eligible'" •Associated with public woh<s efforts by the City and County of Honolulu during the Karsten Thot Highway Territorial period in Hawaii •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment •Contributed to the economic development of central Oahu by providing reliable vehicular access from Honolulu to the north shore of the island •Commemorative plaque dedicated to Karsten Thot Concrete Open Greek •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003009300501748 Kaukonahua Stream Kaukonahua Stream Farrington Highway 1940 Concrete Tee Beam Cress No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1940s reinforced concrete bridge •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003000610401061 Kawainui Stream Kawainui Stream Kailua Road 1940 Concrete Slab Concrete Open Greek No Eligible" •Associated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii (Inbound) Cross •Good example of 1940s reinforced concrete bodge •Associated with the Kailua area development •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c Kawainui Stream Concrete Open Greek •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003000610401060 (Outbound) Kawainui Stream Kailua Road 1940 Concrete Slab Cress No Eligible.. .Good example of 1940s reinforced concrete bodge •Associated with the Kailua area development Koloa Strm- Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c rea 003000830301970 Laiem eao Koloa Stream Highway 1933 Concrete Slab with Cap No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bridge 003000830301255 Kuilima-Oio Stream Kuilima-Oio Stream Kamehameha 1931 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel No Not Eligible •List integrity due to replacement of original Concrete Solid Panel with Cap parapet with Highway with Metal Railing Concrete Solid Panel parapet with metal railing parapet in 2018. •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003000830300339 Lauhulu Stream Lauhulu Stream Kamehameha 1937 Concrete Slab Concrete Open Greek No Eligible •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Highway Cross •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge that is typical of its period in its use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design Maakua Stream- Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003000830302151 Muriwai Bridge Maakua Stream Highway 1932 Concrete Slab with Cap No Eligible •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge Concrete Open Greek •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003009300501436 Makalena Stream Makalena Stream Farrington Highway 1940 Concrete Slab Cress No Eligible •Assocated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1940s reinforced concrete bridge Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003000830302791 Makaua Stream Makaua Stream hula 1927 Concrete Tee Beam with Ca No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 9 y p •Good example of a 1920s reinforced concrete bridge North(Lower) North Poamoho Concrete Open Greek •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003009300501823 Poamoho Stream Stream Kaukonahua Road 1934 Concrete Tee Beam Cress No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bridge NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EtiOble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing.or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'F err 'High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu 2024 Updated State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c 003000830302412 North Punaluu Stream North Punaluu Stream hwa 1926 Concrete Slab with Ca No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii i9 y p •Good example of a 1920s reinforced concrete bodge •NRHP/HRS 6E Cntena Na,C/c •Good example of reinforced concrete deck girder construction Opaelua-Waialua Twin Joseph P-Leong Concrete Solid Panel •Assoaated with publiicwoh<s efforts by the Temtonal government and as important civic 003000830300043 B Opaelua Stream Highway 1928 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Eligible"' structures associated with the development of Haleiwa •Located within the County-designated Haleiwa Special Design District and contribute significantly to the historic character of the town •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District 003000610300616 Pali Bridge No-4 Mountain(Pali Bridge Pali Highway 1956 Concrete Girder Concrete Open No Eligible, •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 (Inbound) No4) Horizontal Contributing"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development 003000830300869 Paumalu Stream Paumalu Stream Kamehameha 1930 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid Panel No Not Eligible" •Loss of integrity due to erosion Highway with Cap •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District 003000610400064 Pauoa Road Overpass Pauoa Road Pali Highway 1961 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Eligible, •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 CO "ntributing ' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003090001400114 Railroad Crossing Railroad Crossing Farrington Highway 1939 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek No Eligible'" •Assoaatedwithplantation Industry,last major accommodation built by the FHWA for the (Highway Overpass) Cross railroad before it went out of business •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bridge •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c Sand Island Bascule Harbor(Bascule •Longest steelbndge with the longest steel span builtposbNar(1945)on the island of 003000640400150 Bridge Bridge) Sand Island Parkway 1962 Steel Stringer Concrete Solid No Eligible.. Oahu in the historic study period prior to 1977 •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment •Good example ofa 1960s steel stringer and reinforced concrete bridge Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003000830302637 South Kahana Stream South Kahana Stream Hi hwa 1927 Concrete Slab with Ca No Eligible •Assocated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 9 y p •Good example of a 1920s reinforced concrete bridge Waiahole Stream Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003000830303459 (County) Waiahole Stream Highway 1922 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1920s reinforced concrete bridge Kamehameha Concrete Solid with •Loss of integrity due to unsympathetic replacement original Concrete Open Arched 003000830301059 Waialee Stream Waialee Stream " Highway 1931 Concrete Tee Beam Cap and Incised No Not Eligibleparapets with Concrete Solid wAh Cap and incised arches in 2017 Arches •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003009300501794 Waialua Plantation Farrington Highway Plantation Road 1941 Concrete Slab Metal Thrie Beam No Eligible'" 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Road •Associated with plantation industry in Hawaii •Good example of a 1940s reinforced concrete slab bridge •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c •Good example of reinforced concrete deck girder construction Waialua Twin Joseph P-Leong Concrete Solid Panel •Assoaatedwithpublicwod<s efforts by the Territorial government and as Important civic 003000830300041 (Helemano) Helemano Stream Highway 1928 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Eligible'" structures associated with the development of Haleiwa •Located within the County-designated Haleiwa Special Design District and contribute significantly to the historic character of the town 003000830302242 Waimanana Stream Waimanana Stream Kamehameha 1926 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid Panel No Not Eligible" •Loss of integrity Highway with Cap •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c •Contributed to the fields of engineering and transportation in Hawaii 003000830300573 Waimea Stream Waimea Stream Kamehameha 1930 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible •Associated with public woh<s efforts by the Territorial government and as an important Highway with Cap link in the island's belt road system •Good representative example of tee-beam bridge construction in the late 1920s •Contributes significantly to the historic character of the area Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 003000830302112 Waipilopilo Stream Waipilopilo Stream Highway 1932 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bridge NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EtiDble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Creased Canietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 19th Avenue Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catera A,B,C,or 0 or H RS HE 003000H10002687 Pedestrian Overpass H-1 Pedestrian 1968 Unknown Unknown No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ (Fm-H1) 003000H10201231 2-1801n Sectl PI Kalauao Stream Fai-H 1 1970 Steel Culvert None No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crilena A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E CuNed criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H10201116 3-162"Sectl PI Culvert3-162"Sectl PI CulvertFai-H 1 1970 Steel CulvertNone No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crtlera A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H30201242 3-84"RCP Culvert 3-84"RCP Culvert Quarry Access Road 1976 Concrete Cu Ned No Parapet/Railing No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Com mants_ 003000830303803 Ahuimani Sttr am(Hui Ahuimanu Stream Kehekili Highway 1963 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003000830303738 Ahuimanu Stream Ahuimanu Stream Kahekili Hwy 1971 Prestressed Concrete Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crtlera A,B,C,or 0 or HRS HE Stringer criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000780400001 Hiss Interchange Na 2 Kamehameha Moanalua Freeway 1966 Steel Stringer Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ Highway Kamehameha Area Heights AccessThis is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments_The bridge is also 003000991202143 Area Interchange Na 4 Highway Road 1965 Steel Stringer Concrete and Metal No Program Comments associated with the development of H-1 Freeway_ Aiea Interchange Moanalua Freeway 003000700000049 PetlOstrian Overpass (Ai.Interchange Pedestrian 1966 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Pedestrian Overpass) Kamehameha This bridge has lost integrity due to significant alterations in 1965_The bridge does not 003000990402120 Area Stream Aiea Stream Highway 1938 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible reflect the typical characteristics of a 1930s bridge and does not fall under Program Comments due to its construction date in 1938_ 003000H10201287 Aiea Stream Aiea Stream Fai-H 1 1970 CoSContinResearch did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Twin CuN15X12 ed labncrete/Box CuNeuous None No Not Eligibled criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ •Associated with the Ala Wai Canal and development of Waikiki district 003000920400861 Ala Wai Canal Ala Wai Canal Ala Moana Boulevard 1939 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Non-Contributing 'Located within the Waikiki special distract •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form on Ala Wai Canal in appendices for related information 003000H10002255 Alapai Ped Op(Fai-H1) H-1 Pedestrian 1969 Unknown Unknown No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catena A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ 003000830004118 Anoi Ped Overpass H-1 Pedestrian 1969 Unknown Unknown No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catena H.B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ Austin BishopConcrete Continuous Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crtlena A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000H11101095 Separation-Far-H1 H-1 Kaahumanu Si 1911 Box Beam Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000930300071 Awawanui Stream Awawanui Stream Old Farrington 1927 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii Highway •Good example of a 1920s reinforced concrete tee-beam bridge 003000631100418 Burmeister Overpass �kelike Highway private Road 1959 Concrete Girder Concrete Open No Eligible •Built as a result of the Territory refusing to build the mauka entrance to Edward R. (Burmeister Overpass) Horizontal Burmeister Kalrhr Valley land from the current Lrkelrke Highway 003000H10100707 Cane Haul Rd 414 Cane Haul Road 414 Fai-H 1 1968 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crtlena A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Inbound Inbound/Parwa Street Tee Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Cane Haul Road 414 Concrete Continuous Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catera A,B,C,or 0 orHRS 6E 003000H10100708 Cane Haul Rd 4140 b 0utbound/Parwz Fai-H1 1968 Tee Beam Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ Street Cane Haul Road 451 Cane Haul Road 451 Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crtlena A,B.C.or 0 or HRS 6E 003000H10100775 Inbountl Inbountl Fai+i1 1968 Stringer Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H10100776 Cane Haul Roatl 451 Cane Haul Road 451 Fai-H 1 1868 Prestressed Concrete Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crtlene A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Ontbound Outbound Stringer criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H20200021 Canehaul Rd 8 Stream Canehaul Road and H-2 1973 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. #16 Stream 003000H20200024 Canehaul Road 8 Canehaul Road 8 FAFH2 WIC#15 1974 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crtlena A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Stream No.15 Stream No.15 Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments.This pedestrian 003098001400116 Central Intermediate Vineyard Boulevard Pedestrian 1957 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Picket No Program Comments Overpass was constructed to mAigate the extension of North Vineyard Boulevard to Pedestrian Overpass connect with the H-1 Freeway The extension separated Central Intermediate School from as playground area_ 003000830304369 Double 12 ft x10IL Unnamed Stream Kamehameha 1933 Concrete Box CUlved Metal Thne Beam No Not Eligible This cuNed does not havetlislinclNeengineering oramhitectumlfeeturesthat depart Concrete Box CuNed Highway from standard cuNed design_ 003090001400038 Double Section Plate Unknown Stream Farrington Highway 1965 Metal Corrugated Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culved and falls under Program Comments. Pipe CUlved Culvert 003000720401801 Double-Cell Box Unnamed Stream Kalenranaole Highway 1958 Concrete Box CUlved Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culved and falls under Program Comments. CuNed E Range Road- 003000H2O200745 Wahiawa Interchange Higgins Road H-2 1973 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ Badge 3 E Range Raad- 003000H2O200746 Wahiawa Interchange Higgins Road H-2 1973 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ Budge 4 NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,HO hie,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. "Himod c resources adlacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Cartietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register FAFH1(Halawa FAFH1(Halawa Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crilena A,B,C,or O or H RS SE 003000010201340 Interchange#6) Interchange#6) RAMP ES 1974 Stanger Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ FAFH1(Halawa FAFH1(Halawa Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catera A,B,C,or O or RS SE 003000010201352 Interchange#8) Interchange#8) FAFH1 1974 Stanger Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ Stream Stream 003000780400074 FA1-H1(H IC#2) FA1-H1(H IC#2) MOANALUA RD 1974 Concrete COntlnaoas Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crilena A,B,C,or O or RS SE Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore. Fai-H 1(Lum mina St Concrete Continuous Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Cotena A,B,G,or 0 or H RS 6E 0030000111006]] Op) H-1 Lumiaina St. 1968 Box Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 0030000102013]0 FAFHI M LEG VIA) FAFHI M LEG VIA) FAL-H1(N LEG VIA) 1975 Prestressed Concrete Concmte Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Cnlena A,B,G,or O or HRS 6E Stringer criteria a,b,c,d,or e. Fai-H 1(Waiawa Concrete Continuous Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crilena A,B,C,or 0 or H RS 6E 003000011100817 Interchange#12) H-1 Wmpahu St 1968 Box Beam Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H11201552 FAI-HI-PH INTRO FAI-HI-PH INTRO RAMP"NW" 1914 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,onDonHR56E Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore. 003000H30201589 FAF1-13 Twin 215'X60'RGB FAI-H3 1967 GoncreteGontinuous Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. CUNed 003000]8020014] FAI-H3(HIC#4) FAI-H3(HIC#4) Moanalua Rd 1914 Prestressed Concrete Reinforced Concrete No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crites A,B,C,or O or RS 6E Continuous Box Beam Solid criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Partington Highway KamehamehaPrestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catera A,B,C,or O or FIRS 6E 1)0 3000990401724 Waiawa Interchange Farrington Highway Highway 1969 Stanger Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ #10A Partington Highway KamehamehaPrestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catera A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 1)0 3000990401725 Waiawa Interchange Farrington Highway Highway 1969 Stanger Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ #10B 00 3071 0014 00224 Former HalawaRoad Ridge Former HalawaRoad R dge Halawa Heights Road 1952 Concrete Tee Beam ConcreteHorizontal Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. 003H1WB1146A019 H-1 AirportRamp 1W- H-1 Paiea Street Ramp IW-A 1911 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Program Comments This isatypical postwar britlge and falls under Program Comments. A Ramps Box Beam 00 3211 0314 7000 7 H-1 Airport Ramp PF H-1 Par.Street Ramp PF 1911 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Ramps Box Beam 003211031400011 H-1 Airpod Ramps H-1 Paiea Street Ramp IW AW 1977 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar britlge and falls under Program Comments_ AW,IW Ramps Box Beam 003000H20100531 H-2 OutCUNbounded Exil SA H-2 OutboundCUNed Exit 5A H-2 Outbound Exit SA 1975 Steel Culvert No PampeURaiing No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvertand falls under Program Comments. Haemoa Stream- Kamehameha This culvert does not have distindlve engineering or arch ilectural features that depart 003000830303604 Double 10fl_x5W Ha a moa Stream Highway 1922 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete Solid No Not Eligible from standard culvert design_ Concrete Box Culvert 003000830303252 Hakipuu Stream Hekipuu Stream Kamehameha 1922 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Highway with Gap •Good example of a 1920s concrete tee beam bridge 003000H30200022 Halawa Interchange Halawa Stream Ulune Extension Off- 1913 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Badge 13 Ramp"M" 003000 0 302000 82 Halawa Interchange H-3/Halawa Stream Concrete Extension Off- 1913 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Badge 16 Ramp Halawa Stream Kamehameha This bridge has lost integrity due to significant alterations_In 2009 the bridge was 003000990402211 (Eastbound) Halawa Stream Highway 1934 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible rehabilitated and widened_The superstructure has been completely replaced however the original piers and pile foundations remain_ 003000H3020007S HdgeNa5Onbon Halawa Stream H-3 1914 Prestressed Concrete Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ Badge No_5(Inbound) Stanger Halawa Interchange Prestressed Concrete 003000H30200075 Bridge Nm 5 Halawa Stream H-3 1974 Stanger Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ (outbound) Halawa Stream(RIG Halawa Stream(RIG Prestressed Concrete 003000H 30200030 No_15) No.15) Ramp"P" 1974 Stanger Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 00 3000 9904 0221 2 Halawa Stream 001000 Stream Kam ehameha 1945 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open •Greek No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii (Westbound) Highway Cross •Good example of 1940s reinforced concrete bodge 00 3000 0 302000 81 Halawa Stream RIG Halawa Stream RIG RAMP HIWB 13B 1974 Prestressed Concrete Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ #12 #12 Stanger Halawa Stream RIG Halawa Stream RIGPrestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crilena A,B,G,or D or HRS 6E 003000180400010 #14 #14 Ramp"0" 1914 Stanger Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Halawa Stream HIC Halawa Stream HIC Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Grilena A,B,G,or D or HRS 6E 003000180400090 Structure#9 Structure#9 RAMP 18EB 1A 1914 Stanger Concrete Solid Na Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003074001400490 HawaBKd9M aerie Kuapa Pond Kalanianaole Highway 1969 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and fats under Program Comments. 003000830303972 Heeia Stream Culvert Heeia Stream Kahekili Highway 1963 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Thae Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,HO bre,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Cartietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Registeegister 003000830301358 Hoolapa Stream- Hoolapa Stream Kamehameha 2020 Concrete Slab Reinforced Concrete No Not Eligible Replaced 1931 Bridge(003000830301357) Nanahu Highway Bridge Rail •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type 0030]40014002]4 Ihiihilauakea Stream Ihiihilauakea Stream Kala nianaole Highway 1931 Open Spandrel Arch Metal Thee Beam No Eligible"' •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1930s open spandrel concrete arch bridge in Oahu 003000H21200223 Ka USeparatika Bouleonvard H-2 Mililani Mem Pk Rd 1972 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003000H11101241 KaSeparationamilo Street FAFH1 Kaamilo Street 1970 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 0030006103008]] Kahanarki Stream Kahanaiki Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1951 Concrete Tee Beam CoHorizonncreteopental No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Kahawai Stream This bridge has lost integrity due to significant alterations in 1981.The bridge does not 003000]20]00285 (East) Kahawai Stream Kala nianaole Highway 1926 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible reflect the typical characteristics of a 1920s bridge and does not fall under Program Comments due to its construction date in 1926. Kaia hi Stream(Makua) 003009300500221 Double Concrete Box Kaiahi Stream Farington Highway 1964 Concrete Box Culved Metal Thrie Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Cu Ned 003000H30201373 Kailua InterchangeInbound) Mokapu Boulevard H-3 1971 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003000H30201374 Kailua Interchange(Outbound) Mokapu Boulevard H-3 1971 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003000H 11101300 Kaimakani Street H-1 Kaimakani Street 1970 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Critere A,B,C,or O or HRS GE Separation criteria a,b,c,d,or e. Kalanianaole H ighway- 003074000000432 Lu nalilo Hone Road Kalanianaole Highway Pedestrian 1968 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com meets_ Pedestrian Overpass 0030009904020]4 Kalauao Stream Kalauao Stream Kamehameha 1936 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Greek No Eligible •Associated with postwar developments of the community due to bridge widening in 1966 (Eastbound) Highway Cross 0030009904020]5 Kalauao Sam ao KalauStream Kamehameha 1945 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Greek No Eligible •Assoaated with postwar developments of the community (Westbound)treHighway Cross 003000920400363 Kalihi Stream Kalihi Stream Nimiz Highway 1945 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program Can meets_ This bridge has lost integrity due to significant alterations.This bridge and Kalihi Stream 003062071400019 Kalihi Stream Kalihi Stream Kamehameha 1926 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible Bridge(0031162071400018)were orgmally separate bridges but in 1983 both were (Eastbound) Highway widened and combined at the median_Consultation is recommended due to long tern replacement plans regarding existing view planes. 003000630400167 Kalihi Stream Kalihi Stream Likelike Highway 1957 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is atypical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_The bridge is also (Inbound) associated with Likelike Highway The bridge was also widened in 1986_ 003000630400166 Kalihi Stream Kalihi Stream Likelike Highway 1957 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ (Outbound) This bridge has lost integrity due to significant alterations.This bridge and Kalihi Stream Kalihi Stream Kamehameha Bridge(0031162071400019)were orginellyseparate bridges but in 1983 both were 003062071400018 (Westbound) Kalihi Stream Highway 1943 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible widened and combined at the median.Consultation m recommended due to long term replacement plans regarding existing view planes. 00300063040055] Kalihi Stream 3-Cell Kalihi Stream Likelike Highway 1954 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Thrie Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Concrete Box Culvert 00300063040008] Kalihi Street Overpass H-1(Kalihi Street Likelike Highway 1959 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar pedestrian bridge and falls under Program Comments_ No_1 Overpass No 1) 003000630400081 Kalihi Street Overpass H-1(Kalihi Street Likelike Highway 1960 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments No_2 Overpass No_2) 003000630400095 Kalihi Street Overpass H-1(Kalihi Street Likelike Highway-H-1 1959 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar pedestrian bridge and falls under Program Comments_ No_3 Overpass No_3) On Ramp 003000030000087 Pedestrian Kalihi StreeOverpass Pedestrian Ot H-1(Kalihi Streetverpass) pedestrian 1959 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar pedestrian bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003000F120200771 H-2 Hwy-Wahiawa Kamehameha H-2 19]3 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Interchange Bridge l Highway Kama- ha Kamehameha Concrete Continuous Research did not indicate significance underNRHP Critera A,B,C,or O or RS 6E 003000H2O200]]2 Highway-Wahiawa Highway-Wahiawa FAFH2 1974 Box Beam Concrete Solid No Not Eligible onto.a,b,c,d,or e_ Interchange No.2 Interchange No.2 003000830304273 Kamooaln Stream Kam ooalii Stream Kamehameha 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Highway 003000830404123 Kam ooalii Stream- Kam ooalii Stream Likelike Highway 1959 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Thne Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Triple 12 ft x 1311 Kaneohe Elementary Kamehameha 003000830004187 School Pedestrian Highway(Kaneohe pedestrian 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Overpass Elementary School Pedestrian Overpass) *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EliObie,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing.or Program Comments. **Historic resources adlacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value.' Greyed-out coifs have no form. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Camietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Kaneohe Stream- 003000830404094 Double l Oft x 8It_ Kaneohe Stream Likelike Highway 1959 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Thne Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Concrete Box Culvert 003000811101178 Kaonohi Street Concrete Continuous FAFH1 Kaonohi Street 1970 Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. Separation FAFH1 Box Beam or Girders Kapaa Quarry Prestressed Concrete 003000H30201269 Separation No_1 Kapaa Quarry Road H-3 1976 Giber Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ (Inbound) Kapaa Quarry Prestressed Concrete 00 3000 8 302 01268 Separation No_1 Kapaa Quarry Road H-3 1976 Giber Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments (Outbound) Kapaa Quarry Kapaa Quarry Access Prestressed Concrete 003000830201244 Separation No_2 Road H-3 1976 Continuous Stringer Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ (Inbound) Kapaa Quarry Kapaa Quarry Access Prestressed Concrete 00 3000 8 302 01243 Separation No_2 Road H-3 1976 Continuous Stringer Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments (Outbound) 00 30900014 001 36 Kapakahi'cream Kapakahi Stream Farrington Highway 1964 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments(Wes . Prestressed Concrete Concrete and Chain Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catena A,B,C,or 0 or RS 6E 003000810202161 Kapakahi Stream Kapakahi Stream Fai-H1 1969 Stanger Link No Not Eligible cntena a,b,c,d,ore_ 003009300501414 Kapalaau Stream Kapalaau Stream Farrington Highway 1940 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Not Eligible The bridge has lost integrity due to the replacement of the railings_ Vertical 003000920400480 Kapalama Canal Kapalama Canal Nimitz Highway 1949 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ (Eastbound) Horizontal 00 3000 9204 004 81 Kapalama Canal Kapalama Canal Nimip Highway 1949 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ (Westbound) Horizontal 003000810202514 Kapolani Off Ramp Kapolani Boulevard Ramp H1-1 1969 Concrete Continuous Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catena A,B,C,or Dor HRS 6E (Highway Underpass) Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ •Assoaated with the postwar Federal Aid program during bulldup of National Defense program;connected Schofield Barracks to Dillingham Air Field in M okuleia 003000990300787 Kaukonnhua Stream Kaukonahua Stream Milo.Dave 1944 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek No Eligible"' 'Was constructed to connect Schofield Barracks to the Dillingham Air Field in Mokuleia Cross (via Farrington Hwy) •surrounding rural envlrronm ent has remained Intact and the badge continues to provide a vital connection between central Oahu and the North Shore Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel The bridge has lost integrity due tothe additon of the concrete walkway with horizontal 003000830300939 Kaunala Stream Kaunala Stream Highway 1929 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Not Eligible railings on one side of the badge in 1989 ands utility pipe on the other side_ This badge has lost integrity due to significant alteralons in 1965.The bodge does not 003000930301128 Kaupuni Stream Kaupuni Stream Farrington Highway 1937 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible reflect the typical characteristics of a 1930s bodge and does not fall under Program Comments due to its construction date in 1937_ •Assoaated with early developments In concrete masonry bridge constructor In Hawaii 00 3063 0014 00065 Kawa Stream Kawa Stream Kaneohe Bay Drive 1939 Concrete Tee Beam Masonry Rock No Eligible... •Good example of a 1930s masonry structure bridge •High artistic value 003074001400256 Kawaiakaiea Stream Kawaiakaiea Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1931 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Thne Beam No Not Eligible This badge has lost integntydue to the replacement of the railings with thrie beams in 1998_The abutments are also undistingushable_ The bodge has lost integrity due to the lack of character defining features and removal of 003009300501254 Kawaihapai Stream Kawaihapi Stream Farrington Highway 1941 Concrete Slab Metal Thne Beam No Not Eligible the anginal railings_Along one side of the badge the anginal railing remains however,it is obscured bythne beams. 00 3000 8303 004 56 Kawailoa Stream Kawailoa Stream Kamehameha 1929 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid No Not Eligible The badge has lost integntydue lathe replacement of the parapets and bodge widening Highway in 1985. 003000830301141 Kawela Stream Kawela Stream Kamehameha 2020 Concrete Tee Beam Reinforced Concrete No Not Eligible Replaced 1931 Badge(003000830301140) Highway Badge Rail 003000930300346 Beenanoi0 Streamnd) Keananoio Stream Farrington Highway 1967 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. (Inbou 003000930300345 KeananoioOutbound)Stream Keananoio Stream Farrington Highway 1967 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. ( •Also known as Roosevelt Bridge •Tootabutos to the fields of engineering and transportation in Hawaii. Kamehameha •Excellent example of reinforced concrete tee beam construction with an open concrete 003000990301447 Kipapa Stream Kipapa Stream Highway 1933 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible"' rail typical of 1930s bodges •Assoaated with important public works project initiated by the territorial govemment and constructed with Federal work relief programs funds dunthe Depression era ng Assoaated with William R.Bartels,chief designer for the Tentorial Highway Department 003000820100425 Kipapa Stream Kipapa Stream FAI-H2 1975 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catena A,B,C,or 0 or RS 6E Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,or e. *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Elig,ble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Fonnerty"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_It is suspected as 003063000000155 Kokokahi Pedestrian Kaneohe Bay Drive Pedestrian 1952 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments the first petlestrian Overpass on Oahu_It is associated with the Kokokahi YMCA as Ft Overpassconnected the waterfront and its camping cabins with the outdoor am philheater and the residential community_ Kuakini Street Pali Highway(Kuakini 003000610000045 Pedestrian Overpass Street Pedestrian Pedestrian 1962 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Overpass) 003074001400545 Kuapa Pond-Moanalua Kuapa Pond Kalanianaole Highway 1936 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible This bridge has lost iategatydue to significant alterations_In 1994 the badgewas also widened and the railings were replaced. Kula Kolea Pedestrian Likelike Highway(Kula 003000630000234 Overpass Kolea Pedestrian Pedestrian 1960 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwarpedestrian bridge and falls under Program Can meats_ Overpass) 003000]2040130] Kuli000uu stream Kuliouou Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1936 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Tlh bridge has lost iategatytlue to significant alterations which included badgewitlening dge 003000830301851 Laaloe Stream Laaloa Stream Kam ehameha 1932 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii Highway with Cap •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge 003000]804002]] Lakeside 01-Ala Aolani Ala Napunani Street Moanalua Rd 19]3 Prestressed Concrete Concrete Solid Na Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRNP Crpena A,B,C,or O or HRS 6E Stanger coterie a,b,c,d,ore_ Lakeside No.2-Ala Lakeside No_2-Ala Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crites A,B,C,or O or HRS 6E 003000]804002]8 Aolani Aolani Nodh Frontage Road 1974 Stanger Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Lelehua Golf Course Lelehua Road(Golf Program typical postwar gean Program 003000021100698 Road Separation H2 Course Road) 19]3 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Comments This is at 1 twar bad and under Comments. 003000011102129 Liliha Access Roatl H-1 Liliha Access Road 1965 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_The bridge is also Separation associated with the devebpment of H-1 Freeway 003000011102134 Liliha Street H-1 Liliha Street 1965 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Can meats_ Separation 0030008303021% Mahaw i Stream Maheiwi Stream Kamehameha 1920 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible 'Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Highway with Cap •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge 003000010201256 Mahiko Ped Op FaiH 1 H-1 Pedestrian 1970 Unknown Unknown No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crileaa A,B,C,or0arHRS 6E criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000930300970 Madill!!Stream Madill!!Stream Famngton Highway 1949 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible This bridge has lost integrity due to bridge widening in 1976_ 003000930300832 Maipalaoa Stream Maipalaoa Stream Fa mngton Highway 1967 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible The bridge has lost mica atydue to replacement of the railings on one side of the bridge in 19]0_ 003843001100001 Makaha Stream Makaha Stream Huipa Drive 1970 Prestressed Concrete Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Stanger 003000010201425 MakalaOpaverpassPedestrian H-1 Petlestaan Overpass 1974 ConcroBox te CoBeamntinuous Metal Picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003000010202293 Makiki via Piikoi Street Makiki via Piikoi Street Fai+iOverpas1(Higs)hway 1969 Concrete Continuous Concmte Solid Na Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Catera A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Box Beam cnteaa a,b,c,d,or e_ 003009300500242 Makua Stream-Triple Makua Stream Famngton Highway 1964 Concrete Box Culved Metal Thae Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar calved and falls under Program Com meats_ Concrete Box CUNed 0030000112024 Manna-Pablo Stream Manna Palob Stream Ob Waialae Road 1953 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar britlge and falls under Program Comments_The bridge is also (Old Waialae Road) Horizontal associated with the devebpment of H-1 Freeway 003000011201522 Mauka Frontage Road Pearl Harbor Mauka Fmntage Road 1975 Prestressed Concrete Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Badge Interchange No.2 Continuous Box Beam 003000610400912 Maunawili Stream Maunawill Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1951 Concrete Tee Beam CoHoncretrizeontOpen No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. al 003000021200527 Meheula Parkway H-2 Meheula Parkway 1973 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Separation Middle Street(H-1) H-1(Middle Street This is a typical postwar bridge and fats under Program Comments_The bridge is also 003000011201934 Tunnel Tunnel) Middle Street 1964 Concrete Rigid Frame No ParapeURa ding No Program Comments associated with the development of H-1 Freeway.It was desgned by Belt-Collins as a pad of an early triple grade separation design_ Middle Street This is a typical postwar bridge and fats under Program Comments.The bridge is also 003000011201937 (Outbound) H-1 Middle Street 1964 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments associated with the development of H-1 Freeway.It was designed by Belt-Collins as a pad of an early triple grade separation design_ MililaniTavn Mililani Tawn Research did not indicate significance under NRHPCrderw A,B,C,or 0 or H RS 6E 003000990001381 Pod estrian Overpass Petlestrian Overpass per,est nen 1974 Unknown Unknown No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,tl,ore_ 003000010002233 Miller Ped Op(Fai-H1) H-1 Pedestrian 1969 Unknown Unknown No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,orOarFIRS 6E criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003066001400012 Moanalua Park Road Moanalua Park Road Puuloa Interchange" 1974 Concrete Continuous Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E RampC" Box Beam cnteaa a,b,c,d,or e_ Moanalua Rd-Red Hll Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E 003000]80400223 Sep Moanalua Road Ala Kapuna St 1973 Stanger Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible cnteaa a,b,c,d,or e_ Moanalua Road(Hic Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000]80400115 #10) Moanalua Road Haawa Heights Road 1971 Stanger Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,tl,ore_ Moanalua Road(H IC Moanalua Road(H IC Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E 003000]8040009] #]) #]) RAMP EW 1974 Stanger Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ NRHP or HRS 6E Limed,EliOble,Not Eligible,Comribuang,Non-Contributing,or Program Commerds. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value.' Greyed-out cells have nor orm. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Cartietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Moanalua Road Moanalua Road Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crilena A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000]80400359 Puuloa Separation Puuloa Separation Puuloa Road 1974 Stanger Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Moanalua Stream at Puuloa Interchange Prestressed Concrete Program 91000 postwarbridge andProgram 003066001400010 Puuloa Moanalua Stream Ramp B 1974 Continuous Box Beam Concrete and Metal No P Comments This is a typical britl falls under Comments_ 003000H10201822 MoanBadgel�m Moanalua Stream Bikeway,Watennain 1976 Prestressed Concrete Metal Picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com meats_ 003000780400279 Moanalua Stream Moanalua Stream Ala Aolani St am 1973 Prestressed Concrete Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Stanger criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H30201525 Mokapu Interchange Mokapu Interchange H-3 1967 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Box Beam Nanaikapono Stream Concrete Continuous Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Crilena A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000930400536 Badge Nanaikapono Stream Partington Highway 1969 CUNed None No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000930300481 Nanakuli Stream Nanakuli Stream Farrington Highway 1970 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible This bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1947 bridge Badge in 1970_ This bridge has lost integrity due to mad widening and the replacement of the miings in D03000720401418 Niu Stream Niu Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1934 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible 1964.The badge does not reflect the typical characteristics of a 1930s bridge and do not fall under Program Comments due to its construction date in 1934. 003000830302624 Nodh Kahana Stream Nodh Kahana Stream Kamehameha 2011 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Not Eligible This bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1927 bridge Highway Decorative in 2011_ 003000920400587 Nuuanu Stream Concrete and Metal Nuuanu Stream Nim lz Highway 1952 Concrete Tee Beam No Not Eligible The badge has lost integrity due to the replacement of the railings in 2002_ (Eastbound) Decorative Nuuanu Stream Concrete Solid with •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 00 3000 9204 005 88 (Westbound) Nuuanu Stream Nimitz Highway 1932 Concrete Tee Beam Cap No Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge •Widest concrete bridge built postwar(1945)on the island of Oahu in the historic study 00 3098 0014 000 77 Nuuanu Stream Bridge Nuuanu Stream Vineyard Boulevard 1959 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Eligible period poor to 1977 Horizontal •A part of the channelization of Nuuanu Stream where all the walls of the channel were built with concrete masonry •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Nuuanu Stream Nuuanu Stream •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 00 300061 04 001 12 Kapena Falls Kapena Falls Pali Highway 1962 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete and Metal No Eligible'"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development 003090001400245 Oahu Sugar Co_Road Oahu Sugar000panyoad Farrington Highway 1952 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid No Not Eligible The bridge has lost in-Monty due lathe replacement of the railings in 2006. R 003000H11100006 Palailai Interchange H-1 60100100 Boulevard 1966 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Program Com meals This is a typical postwar britlge and falls under Program Comments_The bridge is also associated with the devebpment of H-1 Freeway_ Old Farrington •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003000930300083 Palailai Stream Palailai Stream Highway 1927 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible .Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Bridge No-3 Mounlain(Pah Bridge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300593 (Inbound) No3) Pali Highway 1956 Concrete Tee Beam Horizontal No Eligible""' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Bridge No4B Mountain(Pah Badge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300615 (Outbound) No4B) Pali Highway 1961 Concrete Girder Horizontal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Bridge No-5 Mounlain(Pah Bridge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300621 (Inbound) No5) Pali Highway 1956 Concrete Girder Horizontal No Eligible'"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Bridge No5A Mountain(Pah Badge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300623 (Outbound) No5A) Pali Highway 1961 Concrete Girder Horizontal No Eligible""' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pah Bridge No-6 Mountain(Pah Bridge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300629 (Inbound) No6) Pali Highway 1956 Concrete Girder Horizontal No Eligible""' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pah Bridge No-7 Mountain(Pah Bridge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300632 (Inbound) No7) Pali Highway 1956 Concrete Girder Horizontal No Eligible""' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Eliable,Nat Eligible,Contributing,Nan-Contributing,or Program Comments. "Historic resources adjacent to resource. *0*Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no farm. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pah Bridge No7AMountain(Pah Bridge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter2.6 003000610300631 (Outbound) No7A) Pali Highway 1961 Concrete GlAer Horizontal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Bridge No-8 Mountain(PallBridge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter2.6 003000610300640 (Inbound) No8) Pali Highway 1956 Concrete Girder Horizontal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Bridge No8A Mountain(PallBridge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic content Chapter2.6 003000610300638 (Outbound) No8A) Pali Highway 1961 Concrete Girder Horizontal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development Pah 003000610400015 Overpass)ghway(Inbound) H-1 Pali Highway 1960 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003000610400014 Pali Highway H-1 Pali Highway 1960 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Overpass(Outbound) •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pah Partial Bridge Mountain(Pah Partial Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic content Chapter 2.6 003000610300591 No-1(Inbound) Bridge No1) Pali Highway 1956 Concrete Tee Beam Horizontal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pah Partial Bridge Mountain(Pah Partial Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic content Chapter 2.6 003000610300592 No-2(Inbound) Bridge No2) Pali Highway 1956 Concrete Tee Beam Horizontal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pah Partial Bridge No Mountain(Pah dge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic content Chapter 2.6 0030006103006134A(Outbound) No4A) Pali Highway 1961 Concrete Tee Beam Horizontal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pah Partial Bridge No Mountain(Pah dge Concrete Open •See Pali Highway historic content Chapter 2.6 003000610300619 4C(Outbound) No4C) Pali Highway 1961 Concrete Girder Horizontal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Tunnel No-1 Mountain(Pali Tunnel •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300569 (Inbound) No1) Pali Highway 1957 Concrete Arch Culvert Na Parapet/Railing Na Eligible.. •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Tunnel No-IA Mountain(Pali Tunnel •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300568 (Outbound) No1A) Pali Highway 1959 Concrete Arch CulvertNo Parapet/Railing No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali Tunnel No-2 Mountain(Pali Tunnel •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300596 (Inbound) No2) Pali Highway 1957 Concrete Arch Culvert Na Parapet/Railing Na Eligible.. •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District Pali TunnelNo-2A Mountain(Pali Tunnel •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610300595 (Outbound) No2A) Pali Highway 1961 Concrete Arch CulvertNo Parapet/Railing No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development 003000610400019 Pali-Lunalilo Overpass H-1 Pali Highwayp H-i or 1960 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program CommentsRam . 003000H2O100124 Pana auahi CUNed3-144 Panakauahi Gulch H-2 1973 Metal Corrugated Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program CommentsCuN . 003000H20100103 Panakweaheir4144' Unnamed Stream H-2 1973 Metal Corrugated Concrete Solid Na Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program CommentsCuN . CuNed Papau Stream- Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003000830302186 Waipuhi Papau Stream Highway 1932 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap Na Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EliAble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value.' Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register •Contributes to Pali Highway Historic Bridge District •See Pali Highway historic context Chapter 2.6 003000610400090 Partial Bridge No-8 Unnamed Gulch Pali Highway 1962 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Eligible"' •Significant engineering of tunnels and bridges •Connected Windward side and downtown Honolulu •Associated with Windward side community development This culvert does not have disgn clue engineering or architectural features that depart 003000610400044 Pau.Stream Culvert Pau.Stream Pali Highway 1925 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible" from standard culvert design_However the bridge centrale rubble masonryabuMenls and adjacent portion of concrete rubble masonry wall channelizabon project are potentially eligible historic resources_ Peart City Stream Kamehameha This bridge has lost inlegrily due to significant alterations in 1962 The bridge does not 003000990401871 (Eastbound) Pearl City Stream Highway 1936 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible reflect the typical characteristics of a 1930s bridge and does not fall under Program Comments due to its construction date in 1936. 003000990401872 Peart City Stream Pearl City Stream Kamehameha 1945 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com merits_ (Weslbountl) Highway 003000H10200922 Pearl City Viaduct Pearl City Fai-Ht 1969 Prestressed Concrete Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or O or RS 6E Stringer criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ Peart Harbor Plantation Prestressed Concrete 003000H11201485 Interchange Structure Interstate H-1 Owe/Radford Drive 1976 Continuous Box Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com merits_ No_1 Pearl Harbor Ramp Pearl Harbor Ramp Kamehameha Prestressed Concrete 003000990402336 WN-Pearl Harbor WN-Pearl Harbor Highway 1975 Continuous Box Beam Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com merits_ Interchange No 3 Interchange No 3 003000920400796 Pensacola Relief Drain Pensacola Relief Drain Ala Moana Blvd 1973 Concrete Culvert None No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or0orHOG 6E criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ PH MAKAI FR-PH INT PH MAKAI FR-PH INT Concrete Continuous Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000920400088 #7 4 7 RAMP 92 EB1A 1975 Box Beam Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H 10200024 PH RAMP EN-PH INT PH RAMP EN-PH INT Make!Frontage Road 1974 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid Na Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Critere A,B,C,or 0 or HOS 6E #4 #4 Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ 003000930300420 Pili-0-Koe Stream PM-0-K.Stream Farr Hwy 1969 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H21100392 Pineapple Road H-2 Pineapple Road 1973 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program Com inerts_ Upper Poam oho KamehamehaConcrala Open •Greek •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Poen-mho Poaoho StreamStream Highway 1936 Concrete Tee Beam Crass Na Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge 003009300501315 Palma!!Stream Palma!!Stream Fanington Highway 1940 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible This bridge has lost integrilydue to the replacement ofa railing on one side of the bridge in the 1976_ Punapohaku Stream- 003009300500272 Double Concrete Box Punapohaku Stream Fanington Highway 1964 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Thrie Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. CUNed 003000780400366 Puuloa Interchange A Moanalua Road Puuloa Ramp A 1973 Concrete Conlin uous Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Box Beam 003066000000094 (PuuRampea GantlH inlerehange) CoP50100 Interchange Pedestrian Overpass 1974 PrestressedntinuousBox BeConcreteam Metal Picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003000H10201550 RAMP MN EN-PH INT RAMP MN EN-PH INT FAFH1(0 B_) 1974 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid Na Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Critere A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E #5 # Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ 003071001400113 RAMPWE&ES&HA RAMPWE&ES&HA Haewa Heights Road 1974 Prestressed Concrete Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria 6,B,C,or 0 or RS 6E STRM 411 STRM#11 Stringer criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ S Halawa Sims-Two Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria 6,B,C,or 0 or H RS 6E 003000780400157 Rc Box South Halawa Stream Moanalua Rd 1973 Concrete CUNed None No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000920400592 Slip Cover and Metal er No_ Honolulu Harbor Nimiz Highway 1952 Concrete Slab No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Honolulu Harbor Decorative 003000920400603 Slip Cover and Metal er No_ Honolulu Harbor Nimitz Highway 1952 Concrete Slab No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Honolulu Harbor Decorative 003000920400609 Slip Cover and Metal er No_ Honolulu Harbor Nim itz Highway 1952 Concrete Slab No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Honolulu Harbor Decorah. 003000920400617 Slip Cover and Metal er No_4- Honolulu Harbor Nimitz Highway 1952 Concrete Tee Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com merits_ Honolulu Harbor Decorah. Slip Cwer-Honolulu Concrete antl Metal 003000920400500 Harbor Honolulu Harbor Nim ip Highway 1952 Concrete Tee Beam Oecoralue No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com merits_ ontinuous Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria 6,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000780400178 South Halawa Stream South Halawa Stream Ramp N 1973 Concrete CUNCed None No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000830302442 South Punaluu Stream South Punaluu Stream Kamehameha 2011 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Not Eligible This bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1926 bridge Highway Decorative in 2011_ 003000H10201551 TRISOU ffMN PH TRISOU II-MN PH RAMP KE FAI-H1 1974 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Re search did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria 6,0,C,or 0 or H RS 6E INT/45-LB. INT/45-LB. Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000930400640 Ulehawa Stream Ulehawa Stream Fanington Highway 1963 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com merits_ *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Eligble,Nat Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing.or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Ulupii Petlestaan Kalanianaole Highway Concrete Solid This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments_The bridge is also 003000720000030 Overpass (Ulupii Pedestaan Pedestrian 1967 Concrete Girder Decorative No Program Comments associated with the development of H-1 Freeway_ Overpass) 003000830303396 Unnamed Stream Unnamed Stream Kamehameha 1928 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii (North Waiahole) (North Weiahole) Highway with Cap •Good example ofa 1920s reinforced concrete bndge 003000930301279 Unnamed Stream- Unnamed Stream Farrington Highway 1937 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Horizontal Na Not Eligible This culvert does not have tlislinclNe engineering oramhilectuml features that depart Makaha No.2A from standard culvert design_ Unnamed Stream- •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bndge construction in Hawaii 00 3000 9303 014 04 Makzha Nrea Unnamed Stream Farrington Highway 1937 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete tee-beam bridge •The bndge is scheduled for replacement,MOA complete as of Summer 2013 Unnamed Stream- •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bndge construction in Hawaii 003000930301412 Makaha No3AUnnamed Stream Farrington Highway 1937 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete tee-beam bridge •The bndge is scheduled for replacement,MOA complete as of Summer 2013 Upper Poamoho Upper Poamoho Kamehameha 003000990300562 Stream-Brodie Camp 2 Stream Highway 1937 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible The bodge has lost integaty due to the replacement of the railings in 1965_ Bridge Vineyard BNd.-Lunalilo Vineyard Boulevard- 003098001400160 No.2 On Ramp Vineyard Boulevard H-1OnRamp 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ (Ramp B1) 003098001400161 Vineyard Boulevard H-1 Vineyard Boulevard 1969 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Off-Ramp 003000H10202704 Weialae Ave(Off yyaialae Ave Fai-H 1(0ff Ramp) 1968 Prestressed Concrete Concrete and Metal Na Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP CUtena A,B,C,or D or RS GE Ramp) Tee Beam criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ 003000H10202750 Weialae Nui Stream Waielae Nui Stream Fai-H1 1968 Concrete Continuous Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or RS 6E Slab criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Weialae RoatlThis is a typical postwar',aloe and falls under Program Comments The bridge is also 003000H11202503 Separation H-1 Ob Weialae Road 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid Na Program Comments associated with the devebpment of H-1 Freeway_ Weialae Road This a typical postwar bndge and falls under Program Comments The bridge is also 003000H11202476 Separation(Old H-1 Old Weialae Road 1953 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid No Program Comments associated with the development of H-1 Freeway_ Weialae Road) Weialae via Inbound- Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS GE 003000H10202700 Highway Overpass Waielae Fai-H1 1969 Tee Beam Concrete and Metal Na Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Waielae via Outbound- Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E 003000H10202705 Highway Overpass Weialae Fai-H1 1969 Tee Beam Concrete and Metal Na Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H10201059 Waiau Interchange- Moanalua Road Fai-H 1 1970 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid Na Net Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E Moanalua Road Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H11100913 Waiawa Interchange Waiawa Interchange Waiawa Road 1969 Concrete Continuous Metal Horizontal Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments_ #1 FAFH1 #1 FAFH1 Box Beam or Girders 003000H10400075 Waiawa Interchange H-1 Farrington Highway 1969 Concrete Continuous Concrete and Metal Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments_ #3A Box Beam or Girders 003000H10400877 Wmawalnlerchange Waiwalnlemhange Kamehameha 1969 Concrete Continuous Concrete and Metal Na Program Comments This isatypical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments_ #3B #3B FAI+11 Highway Box Beam or Girders 003000H10200854 Waiawa Interchange 1-0-1 Fai-H2 1971 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid Na Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E 45 Fai-H 1 Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Waiawa Interchange Old Kamehameha Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D orHRS 6E 003000H10200865 46 Ob Kamehameha Highway Fai-H1 1971 Stanger Concrete Solid Na Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Highway 003000H10200032 Waiawa Interchange FAFH2 Fai-H1 1970 Concrete Frame Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or RS 6E 48 Fai-H2 criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000990401689 Waiawa Interchange H1 Kamehameha 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bndge and falls under Program Comments. No.4A Highway 003000990401688 Waiawa Interchange H1 Kamehameha 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. No.48 Highway 003000991201785 Waiawa Interchange Waiawa Interchange Ramp C 1969 Concrete Continuous Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Com ments_ Structure#2 Structure#2 Box Beam or Girders 003000990401815 Waiawa Separation Kamehameha Kamehameha 1953 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ (Highway Underpass) Highway Highway Waiawa Stream& Waiawa Stream& Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000H2O200023 Road No_14 Road No.14 FAI-H2 WIC 414 1974 Stanger Concrete Solid Na Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000990401745 Waiawa Stream Waiawa Stream Kamehameha 1949 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. (Eastbound) Highway Hoazontal 003000990401804 Waiawa stream Waiawa Stream Farrington Highway 1952 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This isatypical postwar bndge and falls under Program Comments_ (Eastbound) Hoazontal 00 3000 9904 01 8 02 Waiawa Stream Waiawa Stream Farrington Highway 1933 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bndge construction in Hawaii (Westbound) •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bndge 003000990401746 Waiawa Stream Waiawa Stream Kamehameha 1953 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ (Westbound) Highway Horizontal NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Elidble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu State Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Camietl Oak Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 003000H2O100624 Waikakalaua Stream Waikakalaua Stream FAI-H2(Outbound) 1975 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance antler NRHP Crilerta A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000H20100025 Waikakalaua Stream Waikakalaua Stream FAI-H2(Inbound) 1975 Concrete Continuous Concrete Solid No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Critere A,B.C.or 0 or HRS 6E Box Beam criteria a,b,c,d,or e_ 003000990301164 Waikakalaua Stream Waikakalaua Stream Kamehameha 1936 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek Na Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii (Inbound) Highway Cross •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge 003000990301165 Waikakalaua Stream Waikakalaua Stream Kamehameha 1950 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls antler Program Comments. (Outbound) Highway Horizontal 00300083030337/ Waikana Stream Waikana StreamKamehameha 1928 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii Highway with Cap •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge Waikele Canal Concrete Open Greek •Associated with plantation industry,last major reaccomm odation built by the FH WA for 00 3090 0014 001 08 (Inbound) Waikele Canal Farrington Highway 1939 Concrete Tee Beam Cross No Eligible""" the railroad before rt went out of business •Good example of a 1930s reinforced concrete bodge 003090001400113 Waikele Canal Waikele Canal Farrington Highway 1963 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ (Outbound) Waikele Stream Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000H10100635 Inbound Waikele Stream Fai-H1 1968 Stringer Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Waikele StreamPrestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000H10100636 Outbound Waikele Stream Fai-H1 1968 Stringer Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ Wailupe Stream h 003000720401504 (Inbound) Wailupe Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1930 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligiblesr bridge has lost integdtydue to the replacement of one parapet and bridge widening Wailupe Stream This bridge has lost integrity due to bridge widening and the replacement of one of the 003000720401505 (Outbound) Wailupe Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1955 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible railings in 1991_ 00 3000 9904 01 9 86 �'Vaimalu Stream Waimalu Stream Kamehameha 1936 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Greek No Eligible •Associated with postwar developments of the community (Eastbound) Highway Cross 00 3000 9904 01 9 87 �'Vaimelu Stream Waimalu Stream Kamehameha 1945 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Greek No Eligible •Associated with postwar developments of the community (Westbound) Highway Cross Waimalu Via- Prestressed Concrete Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E 003000H10201125 Stnn/Hwy Waimalu Stream Fai-H1 1970 Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003000720700329 Waimanab Stream Waimanab Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1924 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not eligible The bridge has lost integdtydue to the replacement of the original railings with postwar solid concrete and metal rail parapets. 00 30900014 001 74 Waipahu Canal Waipahu Canal Farrington Highway 1964 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003000990401679 Waipahu Overpass Cane Haul Road Kamehameha 1953 Steel Stringer Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ (Inbound) Highway Horizontal 003000990401678 Waipahu Overpass Cane Haul Road Kamehameha 1953 Steel Stringer Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. (Outbound) Highway Horizontal Ward Avenue Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or H RS 6E 003000H11202269 Separation H-1 Ward Avenue 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Not Eligible criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003074001400058 Wawamalu Canal Wawamalu Canal Kalanianaole Highway 1972 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal Na Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program CommentsBndg . •Intact example of 1940s concrete tee beam bridge 00 3074 0014 000 83 Wawamalu Stream Wawamalu Stream Kalanianaole Highway 1947 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Eligible 'Representative of the work of master William RBartels •Original Wawamalu Bridge with concrete parapets and cross voids built in 1931 runs alongside this 1947 Wawamalu Bridge •Associated with transportation and communication between the Windward and Leeward Wilson Tunnel Mountain(Wilson skies of the island 00 30006304 005 76 (Inbound) Tunnel-Inbountl) Likelike Highway 1958 Concrete Arch Culvert NO Parapet/Railing Na Eligible""" •A major engineering feat •Associated with Johnny Wilson,a former mayor •The tunnel relieved traffic on the old Pali Road •Associated with transportation and communication between the Windward and Leeward Wilson Tunnel Mountain(Wilson skies of the island 003000630400575 (Outbound) Tunnel-Outbound) Like like Highway 1959 Concrete Arch Culvert Na Parapet/Railing Na Eligible""" •A major engineering feat •Associated with Johnny Wilson,a former mayor •The tunnel relieved traffic on the old Pali Road 00 30006111 001 24 Wyllie Street Overpass Pali Highway(Wyllie Wyllie Street 1961 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ Street Overpass) NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Etig,bte,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu County Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/HawaiiStatus" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 10th Avenue Double •Assoaated with early developments in bodge construction in Hawaii 003364001200001 Box Culvert-Wmomao Waiomao Stream 10th Avenue 1962 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Horizontal No Eligible .Anigueexample hoarly eveulpmtnts built concrete rb Stream 10th Avenue Place •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003382001200001 Bridge-Warm Waiomao Stream 10th Avenue Place 1930 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible .Good example wte oeary developments forced in oncete ete be Stream 003837001100001 23+68 BrtMailiiln M-2 23+68 BrlMailiilii M-2 Puuhulu Road 1970 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Ahaolelo Read Bridge Kahaluu WPP A-1 003401001100001 Na 1-Kahaluu WPP A- Channel Ahaolelo Road 1965 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com mems_ 1 Channel 003370001200001 AhePukele Stream Street Britlg- Pukele Stream Ahe Street 1950 Concrete Slab Metal Picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Ahiki Street 4-Cell Box 003430001100001 CUNed Na 1-Drainage Drainage DAch Ahiki Street 1955 Concrete Box Culvert No Parapet/Railing No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Ditch Ahiki Street 4-Cell Box 003431001100001 Cu Ned Na 2-Drainage Drainage DAch Ahiki Street 1955 Concrete Box Culvert No Para pet/Ra ding No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Ditch 0034030M 100001 Ahila CUNedtl Box Nodh Waihee Stream Ahilama Road 19]] Concrete Box Culvert ConcretLinkand Chain No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvertand falls under Program Comments. Ahilama Road Box Concrete Sditl 003495001200001 CUNed-Waihee Waihee Stream Ahilama Road 1965 Concrete Box Culvert Oecnmtive No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Stream 003460001200001 P Ahuimanu Place Dox CUNed-0lace Ditch Drainage Mich Ahuimanu Place 1965 Concrete Box CulvertConcrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvertand falls under Program Comments. 003394001200001 Ainapo rlHahaione Hahaione Channel Ainapo Street 1972 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Akumu Street 4-Cell Saint John Vianney Concrete Solid003455001100001 Box CUy etJohn Ditch Akumu Street 1961 Concrete Box CulvertConcreteProgram Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Viaflflenney Ditch 003122001200001 Ala Aolanilved MoanaluaaStream Moanalua Stream Ala Aola ni Street 1962 Concrete Arch CulvertMetal Thne Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvertand falls under Program Comments. Ala Aolani Street 003126001200001 Bodge Na t-Moanalua Moanalua Stream Ala Aolani Street 1965 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com mems_ Stream Ala Aolani Street 003127001200001 Bodge Na 2-Moanalua Moanalua Stream Ala Aolani Street 1965 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Stream Ala Aolani Street 003128001200001 Bodge Na 3-Moanalua Moanalua Stream Ala Aolani Street 1963 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Stream 003131001200001 Ala Aoloa Loop Bridge-Moanalua Stream Ala Aoloa Loop Moanalua Stream 1965 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003440001100001 Alaloa SUHeeia SNn Home Stream Alaloa Street 1972 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003371001200001 AliikoaKapakahi StreeStreamt Britlge- Kapakahi Stream Aliikoa Street 1954 Concrete Slab Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003905001100001 Anania Dc/Wwiahole Waiahole Mich Anania Drive 1973 Concrete Frame Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Com mems_ Ditch 003300001200001 Ani Street Britlge- Wailupe Stream An Street 1954 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Wadupe Stream Horizontal Auloa Road Bridge No 1-Kahanalci Stream Kahanaiki Stream Auloa Road 1921 Concrete Tee Beam- Concrete Solid Panel •Associatedted with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003406001100001 with Cap No Eligible • .Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge 003407001100001 Auloa Road Bridge No Maunawili Stream Auloa Road 1921 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Soap Panel No Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 2�vlaunawili Stream with Cap •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge Auyong Homestead quyong Homestead Concrete Open 003801001100001 Road Bridge-Ulehawa Ulehawa Channel U-3 Road 1964 Concrete Slab Honzoetal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Channel U-3 003202001200001 Booth Rd/Pauoa Stem Pauoa Stream Booth Road 1973 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Can meets_ Date Street Bridge- Concrete Solid •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003083041400055 Manoa Palolo Manoa-Pablo Stream Date Street 1937 Concrete Slab Decorative No Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge Drainage Canal NRNP or HRS 6E Listed,EliOble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Nan-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Himod c resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have not arm. Oahu County Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/HawaiiStatus" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Oiam and Head Road •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type 003083051400001 me U Gull Gully(Diamond Head) Diamond Head Road 1930 Open Spandrel Arch Concrete Open Arched Na Eligible"' •Associated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii ge pper- y •Good example of 1930s open spandrel arch bridge Dillingham Boulevard 003062071400140 Bridge-Kapalama Kapalama Canal Dillingham Boulevard 1930 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible •Assoaated rete bodge construction in Hawaii .Good example with of1930sreinforcedh early developments inrete concrete bridge Canal 003083061400076 Dole Skeet Bridge- Manes Stream Manna Stream Dole Street 1953 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls antler Program Comments. East Hind Drive Britlge Concrete and Metal 003309001200001 Wailupe Stream Wailupe Stream East Hind Drive 1949 Concrete Tee Beam picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ East Manoa Road Concrete Open •Associated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003208001200001 Bridge No1-ManoaManoa Stream East Manoa Road 1938 Concrete Tee Beam Decorative Na Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Stream East Manoa Road 003083071400092 Bridge Na 2-Manoa Manoa Stream East Manoa Read 1950 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ Stream Fanington Highway This bridge has lost integrity due to thrie beams that have been bolted in front of the solid 003923001100001 Bridge No_1-Kaloi Kaloi Gulch Fanington Highway 1941 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid No Not Eligible concrete parapet such that the concrete is not visible_The bridge does not have Gulch distinctive engineering or archfectural features that depart from standard bridge design_ Fanington Highway This bridge has lost integrity due to thrie beams that have been bolted in front of the solid 003924001100001 Bridge N.2- Hunehune Stream Fanington Highway 1941 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid No Not Eligible concrete parapet such that the concrete is not visible_The bridge does not have Hunehune Stream d stinctive engineering or archfectural features that depart from standard bridge design_ Farrington Highway te Solid Panel •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003902001100001 Bridge No-3-Palehua Palehua Stream Farrington Highway 1922 Concrete Slab with Cap No Eligible .Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bridge Stream Farrington Highway Concrete Open Greek •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003922001100001 Bridge-Honouliuli Honouliuli Stream Farrington Highway 1939 Concrete Tee Beam Cross No Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Stream 003209001100001 Fern Street Bridge- Makiki Stream Fem Street 1931 Concrete Slab Concrete Open Arched No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii Makiki Stream •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Fed Street Mall This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_Originally this 003062081400252 Underpass-South King Fed Street Mall South King Street 1968 Concrete Slab Metal Decorative No Program Comments structure was designed as a pedestrian underpassfl was later filled in with a Cilyand Street County office and no bnger reads as an underpass. Fod Weaver Road Panel •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type 0030]6001400581 Bridge-Honouliuli Honouliuli Stream Fod Weaver Road 192] Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete with CapSolid No Eligible... •Assocated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii Stream •Good example of 1930s closed spandrel arch bodge 003982001100001 Habwa Correctional Stream Habwa Correctional 1959 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This isatypical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Facility Access Road Facility Access Road Horizontal 003376001200001 Habloa PitKuliouou Kuhouou Stream Haleloa Place 1973 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program CommentsStrm . Halemaumau Place 003306001200001 Triple Cell Box Culvert- Niu Stream Halemaumau Place 1960 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Niu Stream 003353001200001 Halemaueoau SttNiu E Niu Stream East Fork Halemaum au Street 1969 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program Comments. 003354001200001 HalemauFoau SttNiu W Niu Stream West Fork Halemaumau Street 1969 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003836001100001 Habra Roatl/Mailiilii Habra Road/Mailiilii Habra Road 1970 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ (M-2) (M-2) Hauula Homestead Hauula Homestead •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003514001100001 Road Bridge-Maakua Maakua Stream Road 1930 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid No Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Stream 003304001200001 Hawaii Kai Doe KaPond Kuapa Pond Hawaii Kai Drive 1967 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Braden Hawaii Kai Drive 003303001200001 Double Box Culvert- Hahaione Channel Hawaii Kai Drive 1962 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Hahaione Channel 003346001200001 Hawaii Kai Drive- Kamiloiki Stream Kamiloiki Stream Hawaii Kai Drive 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003345001200001 Hiikala Place Bridge- Waialae Nui Stream Hiikala Place Waialae Nut Stream 1962 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003968001100001 Honored Street Bridge Waipahu Stream Honowai Street 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Waipahu eam * NRHP or HRS SE Listed,Elig,ble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. "Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu County Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Camietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 003466001100001 Hui AeChannelko SlreettDmin Drain Channel Hui Aeko Street 1971 Concrete Box Culved Chain-link Fence No Program Comments This is a typical postwar curved and falls under Program Comments_ 003438001200001 Huh Street Box Coked WaimanahCanalDminage Huh Street 1976 Concrete Box Culved Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar curved and falls under Program Comments_ Kaawakea Road 4-Cell 003408001100001 Box CUNed-Kawainui Kawainui Stream Kaawakea Road 1961 Concrete Box Culved Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar curved and falls under Program Comments_ Stream Kaelepulu Stream Kaelepulu Stream Program typical postwar bridge andProgram 003083821400052 (Kawainui Canal) (Kawainui Canal) Wanaao Road 1971 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No P Comments This is a t 1 twar britl falls under Comments_ Kahala Avenue Bridge Concrete Solid •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003311001200001 No-1�vluliwai Ditch MUlmai Ditch Kahala Avenue 1947 Concrete Rigid Frame Decorative No Eligible .Good example of 1940s and 1950s concrete rigid frame bodge Kahala Avenue Bridge This bridge has lost integrity due to is rehabilitation in 1952 where metal rails were added 003312001200001 No_2-Kapakahi Kapakahi Stream Kahala Avenue 1927 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible to the existing solid concrete parapet_The bridge does not have distinctive engineering or Stream architectural features that depad from standard bridge design_ Kehaloa Drive Concrete Solid with •Associated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 003211001200001 Extension Bridge- Manse Stream Kehaloa Drive 1954 Concrete Rigid FrameCap No Eligible .Good example of 1950s concrete rigid frame bodge Manoa Stream 003804001100001 Kahau Place Bridge- Ulehawa Channel U-3 Kahau Place 1964 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Ulehawa Channel U-3 Horizontal •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type •Excellent example of reinforced concrete solid-spandrel arch bridge in the Art Deco style •Associated with public works efforts by Territory of Hawaii and the development of Kalakaua Avenue Concrete Solid Waikiki 003083181400074 Bridge-Ala Wai Canal Ala Wai Canal Kalakaua Avenue 1929 Closed Spandrel Arch Decorative yes Eligible"' •Contributed to economic development of Honolulu and Waikiki by providing reliable vehicular access •Only multiple-span marine reinforced concrete arch of its kind in the state •Built in 1929 by Ralph E.Woolley,a prolific builder in Honolulu •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices 003393001200001 Kalama Valley Kalama Valley Kahului Street 1972 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Channel Channel 003392001200001 Kalama Valley Kalama Valley Mokuhano Street 1972 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Channel Channel 003109001200001 Kalihi Br#2/Kalihi Kalihi Stream Kalihi Street 1969 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Stream Kalihi Street Bridge oAssociatedd with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003083211400072 No-1-Kam anaiki Kam anaiki Stream Kalihi Street 1938 Concrete Slab Concrete with SCap Panel •Associated No Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Stream 003148001200001 Kalihi Street Bridge Kalihi Stream Kalihi Street 1942 Steel Stringer Wood No Eligible"' 'Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment No 3-Kalihi Stream •Good example of steel stringer bridge that is not associated with railroads 003314001200001 Kalua Road Bddge- Pablo Stream Kalua Road 1953 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Palob Stream v •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type •Excellent example of 1920s reinforced concrete"rainbow"/marsh arch construction Kamehameha Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •One of boo remaining examples of this bridge type in the state 00300C291100137 Highway Bridge- Anahulu Stream Highway 1921 Bamboo Arch with Cep No Eligible'"' •Associated with public works efforts by the City and County of Honolulu during early Anahulu Stream Territorial period and with the development of Haleiwa •Representative of work of a master:designer Guy Rothwell •Serves as gateway to historic Haleiwa district and Town •Excellent example of 1920s era reinforced concrete solid-spandrel arch bridge in the Art Kamehameha oiKamehameha Concrete Solid Panel Deco style 003008360800242 Highway Bridge-Hea Heeia Stream hwa 1921 Concrete Tee Beam with Ce No Eligible""' •Associated with public works efforts by City and County of Honolulu in Territorial period Stream 9 y p •Contributions to economic development of Windward Oahu by providing reliable vehicular access to previously isolated communities Kamehameha Kamehameha Concrete Open 003083681400050 Highway Bridge- Kaneohe Stream Highway 1953 Concrete Tee Beam Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Kaneohe Stream Kamehameha Kamehameha Concrete Solid Panel •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003083601400098 Highway Bridge- Keaahala Stream Highway 1918 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Eligible .Good example of 1910s reinforced concrete bridge Keaahala Stream Kamehameha This cubed has lost integritydue to the complete replacement of the original 1923 cubed Highway Double Box Kamehameha 003000301100152 Lokcea Stream 1989 Concrete Box Curved Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible in 1989_Reinforced metal and concrete rails were used.The calved does not have Curved-Lokcea Highway distinctive engineering or architectural features that depad from standard calved design_ Stream NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EliAble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu County Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Camietl Date Type Type National/HawaiiStatus" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Kamehameha IV Road 003083220000049 Footbridge- Kamehameha IV Road Pedestrian Overpass 1961 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Decorative No Program Comments This is a typical postwar pedestrian bridge and falls under Program Comments. Kam eh am aha IV Road 003347001200001 Kam auk!Stream Kamiloiki Stream Maniniholo Street 1969 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Kapiolani Boulevard •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003062021400052 Bridge No-1-Makiki Makiki Stream Kapiolani Boulevard 1931 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible .Good example of 1930s concrete tee beam bodge Stream Kapiolani Boulevard Concrete and Metal 003062021400168 Bridge-Manna Patois Manna-Pablo Stream Kapiolani Boulevard 1950 Concrete Tee Beam Decorative No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Channel Kapoo 003447001100001 StreettKapunahala Kapunahala Stream Kapoo Street 1969 Concrete Box Culved Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Stream Kapulei Street Triple 003253001200001 Box Culvert-Pauoa Pauoa Stream Kapulei Street 1951 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Stream 003448001100001 Kapunahala Stream Kapunahala Stream Kaneke Street 1970 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. 003800001100001 KaupuniBritlgerean Kaupuni Stream Kaneaki Street 1976 Concrete Stringer Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. This bridge has lost integrity due to extensive reconstruction.It was extended in 1960 and Kawailoa Road Bridge- Concrete Solid Panel includes metal railings.In 1971 a foot bridge with decorative metal railings was added 003411001100001 Kaelepulu Stream Kaelepulu Stream Kawailoa Road 1925 Concrete Tee Beam with Cap No Not Eligible behind an original solid panel concrete parapet.The bridge does not have distinctive engineering or architectural features that depart from standard bridge design_ 003825001100001 Kawiwi StreamChannelK3 Bridge- Kaupuni Channel K-3 Unnamed Road 1968 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003352001200001 Kea hoiPontle SttBuapa Kuapa Pond Keahole Street 1973 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program Comments. Keolu Hill 003488001100001 Keolu Dr/Keolu Hill Chl ChanneltBaelepulu Keolu Drive 1970 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Tributary 003425001100001 Keolu Dote Bridge No_ Kaelepulu Stream 1-Kaelepulu Stream Keolu Drive 1961 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Keolu Drive Bridge Na Hale Drainage 003427001100001 2-Hale Drainage Channel Keolu Drive 1957 Concrete Slab Metal Decorative No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ Channel 003928001100001 KihKalauao Sale Street Bridge-tream Kalauao Stream Kihab Street 1956 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvertand falls under Program Comments_ Kikowaena Street Concrete Open 003083261400006 Bridge-Moanalua Moanalua Stream Kikowaena Street 1961 Concrete Tee Beam Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com merits_ Stream Kmo Drive Britlge- •Assocated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003260001200001 Nuuanu Stream Nuuanu Stream Kiev Drive 1925 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge •Associated with historic Nuuanu residential development 003343001200001 KiwStreetream Bridge- Palob Stream Kiwila Street 1961 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Paiilalr St 003219001200001 Kong RdlPalolo Palob Stream Kcal!Road 1972 Steel Stringer Concrete and No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRNP Crilere A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Stream Metal/Wood criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ 003929001100001 Komo Mal NPC Drain Pc Drain Gni Komo Mai Drive 1969 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Komo Mai Drive 063918001100001 Bridge-Wainano Waimano Stream Komo Mai Drive 1961 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Stream 003974001100001 Komo Mai Dn./Drainage Canal Drainage Canal Komo Mai Drive 1972 Concrete Cu Bed None No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvertand fats under Program Comments_ 003351001200001 Kuliouou Road Britlge- Kuliouou Stream Kuliouou Road 1968 Steel Stringer Wood No Eligible •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment Kuliouou Stream •Good example of postwar 1960s steel stringer bodge 003350001200001 Kuliouou Stream Kuliouou Stream Summer Street 1969 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwarbridge and falls under Program Comments_ Kumuhau Street •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment 003429001100001 Bridge-Wain analo Waimanalo Stream Kumuhau Street 1963 Steel Stringer Metal Horizontal No Eligible'"' •Good example of postwar 1960s steel stringerbndge Stream •Metal rails made of structural steel tubes and wide flange posts NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Elig,ble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. "Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu County Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Camietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Lai Road Bodge No_1- This bridge does not have distinctive engineering or architectural features that departfrom 003378001200001 pukele Stream yokels Stream Lai Road 1935 Concrete Slab Metal Thrie Beam No Not Eligible standard bridge design_The bridge is on a private road and not publidy accessible but maintained by the City Lai Road Bridge No_2- This bridge does not have distinctive engineering or architectural features that departfrom 003379001200001 pukele Stream Pukele Stream Lai Road 1935 Concrete Slab Metal Thrie Beam No Not Eligible standard bridge design_The bridge is on a private road and not publicly accessible but maintained by the City Lai Road Bridge No_3- This bridge does not have distinctive engineering or architectural features that depart from 003380001200001 pukele Stream Pukele Stream Lai Road 1935 Concrete Slab Metal Thrie Beam No Not Eligible standard bridge design_The bridge is on a private road and not publidy accessible but maintained by the City Laimi Road Badge- Concrete Solid Panel •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003261001200001 Nuuanu Stream Nuuanu Stream Laimi Road 1920 Concrete Girder with Cap No Eligible •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bndge •Associated with historic Nuuanu residential development 003124001200001 Laulani SUKamanaiki Kamanaiki Stream Laulani Street 1973 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or 0 or HRS 6E Str coterie a,b,c,d,or e_ Leokane Street Triple 003949001100001 Box Culvert-Waipahu Waipahu Stream Leokane Street 1965 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Stream Leonui Street Triple 003950001100001 Box Culvert-Waipahu Waipahu Stream Leonui Street 1965 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ Stream Liholiho Street Box Concrete and Metal This culverthas lost integrilydue to the complete reconstruction of the original 1937 003262001200001 CuNed-Makiki Stream Makiki Stream Liholiho Street 1977 Concrete Box CulvertNoNo Not Eligible cubed in 1977_11 is also scheduled for rehabilitation in fall 01 2013_The concrete rubble masonrychannel is a potentially eligible historic resource. W3083371400092 Lowrey Avenue Bodge- Manna Stream Lowrey Avenue 1953 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This isatypical bridgepostwar britlgeand falls antler Program Comments_ Control Project bndge replaced Manna Stream Decorative an earlier wood bridge and was part of the Manna Stream Flood Control Project. Lualualei Homestead Lualualei Homestead Programtypicalpostwar bridge anProgram 003835001100001 RtlM1 2 Madill!!Stream M-2 Road 1970 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No P Comments This is a twar d falls under Comments_ Luluku Road Triple 003484001100001 Box Culver-Kaneohe Kaneohe Stream Luluku Road 1962 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Stream 00 3083 3814 00047 WsitanaStreet Bodge- Pause StreamWsitana Street 1932 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched Na Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Pauoa Stmam •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bndge 003806001100001 Maalox Street Bridge- Ulehawa Channel U-3 Maaloa Street 1964 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Ulehawa Channel U3 Horizontal 00 3 833 0011 00001 Math Channel M-5 Mali Channel M-5 Kulaaupuni Street 1973 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003834001100001 Madill!!Channel Madill!!Channel Matliilii Road 1970 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Makakalo Street 4-Cell 003402001100001 Box Culvert-Drainage Drainage Ditch Makakalo Street 1955 Concrete Box Culvert Na ParapetlRatling No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ Ditch Makiki Street Bodge- •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type 003226001200001 Makiki Stream Makiki Stream Makiki Street 1912 Closed Spandrel Arch Metal Horizontal No Eligible'"' •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of 1910s closed spandrel arch bridge Melia Street Bridge Concrete Solid •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003340001200001 No-1-Waialae Nui Waialae Nui Stream Melia Street 1981 Concrete Slab Decorative Na Eligible .Good example of 1960s reinforced concrete bndge Stream 003807001100001 Maliona Street Box Maili Channel M-0 Maliona Street 1967 Concrete Box Cubed Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. CuNed-Channel M-0 003138001100001 Manaiki Stream Bodge Manaiki Stream Pineapple Place 1978 Concrete Frame Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Maunawili Road 00 3444 0011 00001 Bodge No.2- Kamakalepo Stream Maunawili Road 1966 Concrete Slab Metal Thrie Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com mems_ Kamakalepo Stream Maunawili Road This bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1937 bridge 003437001100001 Bodge No.3- Maunawili Stream Maunawili Road 2009 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible"" in 2009_The concrete rubble masonry abutments are a potentially eligible historic Maunawili Stream _ •Contributed to economic development of Honolulu and Waikiki by providing reliable McCully Street Bridge- vehicular access 00 30834 014 00011 Ala Wai Canal Ala Wai Canal McCully Street 1959 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal Yes Eligible""" •Part of 1954 Bennett-Maier plan(Charles B.Bennett and Eugene Maier)for redevelopment to relieve and control traffic in Waikiki •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices Melekula Road Bridge- 003485001100001 Kahaluu Stream Melekula Road 1956 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Kahaluu Stream _,_ NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Eliable,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. "Historic resources adjacent to resource. 000 Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu County Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Camietl Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Moanalua Road Box This cuNed has lost integntydue to the complete replacement of the original 1935 solved 003072001400258 Calved-Kalauao Kalauao Stream Moanalua Road 1992 Concrete Box Solved Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible in 1992 Reinforced metal and concrete rails were also used.The cuNed does not have Stream distinctive engineering or archlectural features that depart from standard calved design_ 003072001400318 Moanalua Road Bridge Aiea Stream Moanalua Road 1951 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Aloe Stream •Good example of 1960s closed arch bridge 00 3072 0014 002 35 Moanalua Road Bridge Kaonohi Stream Moanalua Road 1966 Closed Spandrel Arch Metal Horizontal No Eligible`.' 'Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type Kaonohi Stream •Only arch bridge built postwar(1945)in the state of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 1977 00 30720014 001 59 Moanalua Road Bridge Waimalu Stream Moanalua Road 1965 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Waimalu Stream 003808001100001 Mohihi Street Bridge- Ulehawa Channel U-3 Mohihi Street 1964 Concrete Slab Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Ulehawa Channel U-3 Horizontal 003154001200001 Nan Street Badge- NUhelewai Stream Naio Street 1927 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii NUhelewai Stream •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge 003083451400011 BriNadge-enKaiehalihi StStreeret Kalihi Stream Nalanieha Street 1955 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. am Nehoa Street Bridge- Concrete Solid Panel •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003083461400067 Makiki Stream Mekiki Stream Nehoa Street 1920 Concrete Slab with Cap No Eligible .Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bodge Nodh Bemtane Street This bridge is near the Chinatown Special Design District however,the bridge does not 003062091400213 Bridge-Nuuanu Stream Nuuanu Stream Nodh Beretane Street 1967 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible" have distinctive engineering or architectural features that doped frau standard bridge design_The concrete rubble masonry channel is a potentially eligible historic resource_ 00 3083 9814 000 03 Nodh Hotel Street Nuuanu Stream Nodh Hotel Street 1936 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Eligible •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Badge-Nuuanu Stmam Decorative •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge 003083761400197 Nodh Kalahe0 Avenue Kawainui Canal Nodh Kalaheo Avenue 1952 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_This bndge was Bridge-Kawainui Canal Horizontal pad of the Kawainui Swamp Flood Control Project. •Excellent example of 1920s era reinforced concrete tee-beam construction with solid Nodh King Street decorative parapets 00 3062 0814 0021 8 Bridge No-1-Nuuanu Nuuanu Stream Nodh King Street 1922 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid No Eligible'" 'Assoaated with publicworks efforts by the City and County of Honolulu during Tentorial Stream period •Located alongside the Chinatown Historic District which was nominated to the National Register in January 17,1973 Nodh King Street Concrete and Metal •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 00 3062 0814 001 34 Bridge No2- Kapalama Canal Nodh King Street 1938 Concrete Tee Beam Decorative No Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Kapalama Canal 00 3062 0814 000 37 Nodh King Street Kalihi Stream Nodh King Street 1933 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Badge-Kalii Stream •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Nodh Kuakini Street •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 00 3083 3214 000 31 Bridge No 1-Nuuanu Nuuanu Stream Nodh Kuakini Street 1934 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Stream Nodh Kuakini Street •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 00 3083 3214 0001 9 Bridge No 2-Waiolani Waiolani Stream Nodh Kuakini Street 1934 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible .Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge Stream 003123001200001 Nodh Kukui Street Nuuanu Stream Nodh Kukui Street 1966 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. Bridge-Nuuanu Stream 00 30836314 000 93 Nodh School Street Kalihi Stream Nodh School Street 1927 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Bridge-Kalihi Stream •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bridge 003083631400271 Nodh School Street Nuuanu Stream Nodh School Street 1932 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Bridge-Nuuanu Stream •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge 003129001200001 Numana Rd/Kalihi Kalihi Stream Numana Road 1969 Steel Stringer Wood No Not Eligible Research did not indicate significance under NRNP Criteria A,B,C,or Dor HRS 6E Stream criteria a,b,c,d,ore_ •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type •Excellent example of 1900s masonry arch construction and Is one of nine of type left in Hawaii Nuuanu Avenue Arch Masonry Rock with •Notable for use of vemacular building materials from the islands.local basalt rock/"lava 003083471400113 Bridge-Nuuanu Stream Nuuanu Stream Nuuanu Avenue 1904 Masonry Arch Cap No Eligible'" rock" •Associated with early public works efforts by Tentory of Hawaii,and for contributions to commercial and residential development of urban Honolulu •Representative of work of a master:Louis M.Whitehouse,a prolific contractor from that era *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Eligible,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu County Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/Hawaii Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Nuuanu Palve •Assoaated with early developments in concrete budge construction in Hawaii 003265001200001 Bridge-Nuuaai OStrimam Nuuanu Stream Nuuanu Pali Drive 1930 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge •Assoaated with historic Nuuanu residential development 003083761400001 Oneawe Street Bridge- Kawainui Stream Oneawa Street 1967 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program„marts This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments.This bridge was Kawainui Stream constructed in conjunction wth the Kawainui Swamp Flood Control Project_ 003809001100001 paakea Road Bridge- Madill!!Channel M-1 Paakea Road 1966 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. Channel M-1 Paalaa Road Box 003601001100001 CuNed-Unnamed Unnamed Stream Paalaa Road 1968 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Stream 003326001200001 Paalea Street Britlge- Palob Stream Paalea Street 1952 Concrete Slab Metal Picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Palob Stream Paiwa Street Triple 003953001100001 Box Culvert-Watani Wailani Stream Paiwa Street 1963 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ Stream 003083531400155 Palob Avenue Badge Concrete and Metal Palob Stream Palob Avenue 1949 Concrete Tee Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com mems_ No.1-Palob Stream Decorative This badge has lost integrity due to badge widening in the 1960s.The original bridge 003083531400001 Palob Avenue Badge Pokele Stream PaleC Avenue 1928 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible railings appear to have been replaced with postwar concrete and metal railings.The No_2-Pukele Stream bridge does not have distinct,.engineering or architectural features that depart from standard bridge design_ 003602001100001 Paukauib Stream Paukauib Stream Haleiwa Road 1971 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. 003232001200001 Pawaine Street Britlge- Manoa Stream Pawaina Street 1961 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Manoa Stream Pelekane Orve Badge- •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003267001200001 Nuuanu Steam Nuuanu Stream Pelekane Driue 1930 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched No Eligible •Good example of 1920s reinforced concrete bndge •Assoaated with historic Nuuanu residential development Pepeekeo Street 003331001200001 Double Box Culvert- Hahaione Channel Pepeekeo Street 1962 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Hahaione Channel Phillip Street-Makiki This badge does not have distinctive engineering or architectural features that depart from 003234001200001 Stream Makiki Stream Phillip Street 1938 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible standard bridge design_In 1995 the bridge was widened.The concrete rubble masonry channel is a potentiallyelgible historic resource. 003810001100001 plantation Road Bridge Kaupuni Channel K-2 Plantation Road 1968 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. Channel K-2 Puiwa Road Triple Box This is a typical postwar culvert antl fa4s untler Program Comments.This culvert is 003257001200001 CuNed-Nuuanu Nuuanu Stream Puma Road 1964 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments locatetl in the hstoric Nuuanu residents,development_ Stream 003072001400140 Punanani Channel Punanani Channel Moanalua Road 1969 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and fals under Program Comments_ •Excellent example of 1930s continuous reinforced concrete T-beam construction with typical open concrete rail •Assoaated with important public works projects initiated by the county government 003236001200001 Puowaina Drive Bridge- Auwabrimu Street Puowaina Drive 1936 Concrete Tee Beam ConcreteOpen Greek No Eligible"' • lbutedtothe econom is development of urban Honolulu by providing reliable Auwaiolimu Street Cross vehicular access •Assoaated with engineer WF Way from City and County of Honolulu,Department of Public Works and builder James Glover Ltd.,a contracting company •At the 3m e of construction it was the only bridge on Oahu to cross a read 003838001100001 Puuhulu BdtMailiilii M- math,,,,M-2 Puuhulu Road 1970 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ 003844001100001 Puuhulu Road Box Puuhulu Stream Puuhulu Road 1977 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ CuNed 003814001100001 BSaintridge-Channel John's RoM-0ad Math Channel M-4 Saint John's Road 1967 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Com mems_ Saint Lous Orive Concrete Open •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type 003083061400136 Bridge-Palolo Stream pelolo Stream Saint Louts Drive 1929 Open Spandrel Arch Horizontal No Eligible"' •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of 1920s and 1930s open spandrel arch 00306]001400301 Salt Lake BoulevardHalawa Stream Salt Lake Boulevard 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Bridge-Halawa Stream Ulune Street Double 003933001100001 Box Culvert-Asea Aima Stream Ulune Street 1954 Concrete Box Culvert Masonry Rock No Program Comments This is a Weal postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ Stream Waaba Way BadgeThis bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1967 bridge 003237001200001 Waal.1-Manoa Stream Manoa Stream WaaWay 1996 Steel Stringer Metal Thne Beam No Not Eligible in 1996_The bridge is not publiclyaccessible and is utilized as a Board of Water Supply maintenance bridge_ NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Eliable,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. 000 Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Oahu County Bridge Matrix Listed on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Eligibility Number Name Crossed Carried Date Type Type National/HawaiiStatus" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Waaba Way Bridge •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment 003268001200001 No2-Manoa Stream Manoa Stream Waaba Way 1965 Steel Stanger Wood No Eligible •Good example of distinct structural type of 1960s steel girder bndge •Bridge is maintained by the Board of Water Supply Waaba Way Bridge •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment 003244001200001 No 3-Waiakeakua Waiakeakua Stream Waaba Way 1967 Steel Stanger Wood No Eligible •Good example of distinct structural type of 1960s steel girder bodge Stream •Bridge is maintained by the Board of Water Supply Waaba Way Bridge •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003245001200001 No 4-Waiakeakua Waiakeakua Stream Waaba Way 1963 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible •Good example of post-war 1960's timber stringer bndge Stream •Bridge is maintained by the Board of Water Supply 003605001100001 Waialua Beach Road Kraal Stream Waialua Beach Roatl 1950 Concrete Tee Berm Concrete Open Na Eligible •Assoaated with Howard Hisayuki Kurio who worked for Territorial Department of Public Bridge-Kiikii Stream Horizontal Works for 17 years since 1932 003830001100001 Waianae Valley Kaupuni Stream Waianae Valley Road 1971 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Waihau Street Double 003955001100001 Box Culvert-Waipio Waipio Lined No_1 Waihau Street 1957 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ Lined No.1 003443001100001 WaKileleeaahala Road Bridge- Keaahala Stream Wailele Road 1967 Concrete Rigid Frame Concre HoazoMalte Open No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 003342001200001 Wailua St/Kuapa Pond Kuapa Pond Wailua Street 1970 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. 003072001400041 Waimano Stream Waimano Stream Moanalua Road 1005 Concrete Tee Beam Concreteence and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. 003349001200001 WaKainiha loiki Stream Street Britlge- Kamiloiki Stream Wainiha Street 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. mi Wainihi Street Double 003967001100001 Box Culvert-Waipio Waipio Lined No_1 Wainihi Street 1957 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Lined Nal 003083661400001 Waipahu Stream WanageCpahu Stream l# Waipahu Street 1971 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments. (Drainage Canal#1) (Drainage Canal#1) Waipahu Street Arch Concrete Solid with •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type 003083661400104 Bridge-WaikeleWaikeleStream Waipahu Street 1905 Closed Spandrel Arch Cz Na Eligible... •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Stream p •Good example of 1900s closed spandrel arch bridge 003083661400002 Waipahu Street Bodge Waipahu Stream Waipahu Street No_3-Waipahu Stream 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Waipahu Street 003083660000003 Footbridge-Waipahu Waipahu Street Pedestrian Overpass 1963 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwarpedestaan bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Street Waipio Point Access Waipio Point Access 003971001100001 Road Bridge No_2- Wailani Stream Road 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Com monis_ Wailani Stream Waipio Point Access Waipio Point Access Concrete Open Greek •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 003903001100001 Road Bridge No l- Railroad Right of Way Roatl 1946 Concrete Tee Beam Cmss Na Eligible .Good example of 1940s reinforced concrete bodge Railroad Right of Way Waipuka Place Double 003956001100001 Calved-Waipio Lined Waipio Lined No 1 Waipuka Place 1957 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ Not 003083681400001 Wyllie Street Britlge- Waolani Stream Wyllie Street 1931 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Arched Na Eligible •Associated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Waolani Stmam •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bodge NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Elidble,Nat Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. "Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Hawaii 2024 Updated State and County Bridge Matrix .11 State-Owned Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Double Pipe Culved Hawaii Belt Road Metal Corrugated Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E 001000110310346 2-Metal Pipe Culvert (Volcano) (Volcano Road) 966 Culvert criteria Parapet/Railing No Not Eligible.. criteria a,b,c,tl,ore. Double Pipe Culved Hawaii Belt Road Metal Corrugated Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E 001000110310424 2-Metal Pipe Culvert (Volcano) (Volcano Road) 9661Culvert criteria Parapet/Railing No Not Eligible.. criteria a,b,c,tl,ore. Triple Pipe Culvert Hawaii Belt Road Metal Corrugated Research did not indicate significance under NRHP Criteria A,B,C,or D or HRS 6E 001000110310410 3-Metal Pipe Culvertolcano olcano Road 966 Culvertcriteria Parapet/Railing No Not Eligible.. criteria abed ore. •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment Hakalau Plantation Hawaii Belt Road •Associated with the railroad and Hilo-Hamakua Heritage Coastline 001 0001 911 084 26 Road Overpass (Hakalau Plantation Road Plantation Road 953 Steel Stringer Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible •Associated with development of the Hawaii Belt Road,particularly as part of the mid- Overpass) century"Seismic Wave Damage Rehabilitation Project" •Representative of the work of a master.William R.Bartels •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 25 •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c •One of six registered steel trestle bridges on the Hamakua coast •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment •Engineering significance of the trestle structure of the early twentieth century •Associated with the sugar plantation industry 001000190308410 Hakalau Stream Hakalau Stream Hawaii Belt Road 9531Steel Trestle Concrete Open Horizontal Yes Eligible""" •Associated with the Hilo Railroad Company Bridge •Associated with three founders of the Hilo railroad company •Longest steel bridge built postwar(1945)on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 1977 •Associated with postwar Hawaii Belt Road District •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 25 •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 001 001 9005 034 05 Kamakoa Bridge No 1 Kamakoa Stream No. Mamalahoa Highway 1930 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with No Eligible 'Very modest concrete slab bridge with solid parapets Cap •Typical of its period in its design,materials,methods of construction,and craftsmanship •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c •One of six registered steel trestle bridges on the Hamakua coast •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment •Engineering significance of the trestle structure of the early twentieth century 001000190308549 Kolekole Stream Kolekole Stream Hawaii Belt Road 9501Steel Truss Concrete Open Horizontal Yes Eligible""" 'Associated with the sugar plantation industry Bridge •Associated with the Hilo Railroad Company •Associated with three founders of the Hilo railroad company •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices •Associated with postwar Hawaii Belt Road District •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 25 •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment •Associated with the railroad,and specific federal funding of the U.S.Works Program Grade Crossing Program •Associated with development of the Hawaii Belt Road,particularly as part of the mid- 001000190409696 Wailuku River Bridge Wailuku Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1950 Steel Stringer Metal Horizontal No Eligible... 20thcentury"Seismic Wave Damage Rehabilitation Project" •Representative of the work of a master.William R.Bartels •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road •One of the best examples of a program comment bridge built postwar(1945)along the Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 1977 •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 25 County-Owned on Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Ha Eligibility Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Concrete Soritl Panel with •NRHP/HRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 001002700502390 Niulii Stream Bridge Niulii Stream Akoni Pule Highway 1918 Concrete Tee BeamCap No Eligible •Associated with eahy developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of a 1910s reinforced concrete bridge Waikane Stream Concrete Sohd Panel with •NRHPMRS 6E Criteria Na,C/c 001002700502386 BridgeWaikane Stream Akoni Pule Highway 1918 Concrete Tee Beam Cap No Eligible •Associated with eahy developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good exam.le of a 1910s reinforced concrete bride *NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Eligible,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. ***Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Hawaii State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature{Significance) Register 2�'all Metal Pipe Unnamed Stream Metal Corrugated •Unique masonry culvert in Hawaii 001002700500304 Culvert (Twin Metal Culved) Akoni Pule Highway 1906 Culved Metal Thrie Beam No Eligible •Good example of masonry culvert,and is typical of its period in its use of materials, method of construction,craftsmanship,and design 2Lsll Metal Pipe Unnamed Stream Metal Corrugated •Unique lava rock culvert 001002]00500915 Culvert (Doubiea Metal Culvert) Akoni Pule Highway 1966 Culvert Metal Thrta Beam No Eligible •Good example of lava rock culvert that uses local material,and is typical of its period in its use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design 001002400500733 2CeILPeGCo Ahualoa Stream Honokaa-Waipio Road 1966 Metal Corrugated Metal Thrie Beam Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and Oafs under Program Comments. Ahualoa Stream Culvert 00100250050093] 3-cell Concrete Box Kawaihae Stream Kohala Mountain Road 1953 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete Solid No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. Culvert-Kawaihae Uka (Triple Box) "ICIMetal Pipe Unnamed Stream Metal Corrugated •Unique lava reds culvert 001002700500655 Culved (Trtple Metal • Culved) Akoni Pule Highway 1966 CulvertNo Parapet/Railing No Eligible •Good example of lava rock culvert that uses local material,and is typical of its period in its use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design 3Call Pipe Culvert Metal Corrugated •Unique lava reds culvert 001002400500487 3-GeV Stream Honokaia Stream Honokaa-Waipm Road 1966 Culvert Thrie Beam Na Eligible •Good example of a culvert that uses local material,and is typical of its period in its use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design 3Csll Pipe CUNed- Metal Corrugated •Unique lava reds culvert 001002400500691 Kainapahoa Stream Kamapahoa Stream Honokaa-Waipm Road 1966 Culvert Metal Thrie Beam No Eligible •Good example of a culvert that uses local material,and is typical of its period in its use of materials,method of construction,craftsmanship,and design 001001900503111 3-Cell Pipe CUNed- Kamakoa Stream Na. Mamalahoa Highway 1930 Metal Corrugated Metal Thrte Beam Na Eligible 'Distinctive lava rock head walls and wing walls Kamakoa Bridge No-2 2 Culvert •Good example of a culvert that uses vernacular material 001000110307485 3-Concrete Hoe panaewa Stream Hawaii Bell Roatl 1945 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete Solid No Not Elgible This cuNed does not have distinctive engineering or architectural features that depart CUNert (Mamalahoa Highway) from standard culvert design_ 001000110307506 }Concrete Bee Panaewa Stream Hawaii Bell Road 1945 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete Solid Na Not Eligible This cuNed does not have distinctive engineering or architectural features that depart CUNert (Mamalahoa Highway) from standard culvert design_ 00100011030]30] 4-Concrete Box piikea Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1938 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete Open Horizontal Na Not Eligible This cuNed does not have distinctive engineering orarchitectural features that depart Culvert(Piikea) (Mamalahoa Highway) tram standartl culvert tlesign_ Aamakoa Stream Concrete Solid Panel with •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 001002700502318 BridgeAamakoa Gulch Akoni Pule Highway 1918 Concrete Tee Beam Cap No Eligible •Although the structure was seismically retrofitted in 2009,original parapets remain intact •Example of Federal Aid bridges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s •Significant element of the Territorial Belt Road Plan and contributed to the economic development of the region 00100019030]91] Ahole Stream Bridge Ahole Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1934 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible 'Good example of federally-funded tee-beam bridge constructed in the 1930s •20th century example of advanced bridge engineering and construction •Representative of the work of a master.William R.Bartels •one ofthe first major concrete tee-beam highway bridges constructed during the upgrading of the Hawaii Belt Road in the 1930s,with an emphasis on aesthetics Cane Haul Road Canehaul Road Hawaii Belt Road Program typicalpostwargean Program 001000110311539 Underpass Underpass Volcano Road) 1956 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid Na Comments This is a bdtl d falls under Comments_ in Hawaii Belt Road 001000190008461 pedest ChrianCovhuckhucks (Chin Chuck Pedestrian 1961 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Chain Link Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ erPasPedestrian Overpass) •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 001000190309124 Henawi Stream Bridge Henawi Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Eligible... 'See Hawaii Belt Road historic content Chapter25 •Longest concrete bridge built postwar(1945)on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 19]] Hawaii Belt Roatl Prestressetl Concrete Steel Bridge Rail, 001000110306490 Hilea Stream Bridge Hilea Stream (Mamalahoa Highway) 2021 Stringer Reinforced Concrete Bridge No Not Eligible Replaced 1940 Bridge(001000110306489) Rail Hilo Plantation Flume Hilo Plantation Flume •Associated with the sugar plantation industry 001000190009643 Overpass (Highway Underpass) Waterway 1949 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid No Eligible •Earliest concrete flume bndge built postwar(1945)on the island of Hawaii in the historic studyperiod prior to 1977 Hawaii Belt Road(Hilo 001000191109626 Hilo Plantation Road Plantation Road Plantation Road 1949 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal Na Eligible 'Assoaated with the sugar plantation industry Overpass Overpass) •Bridge maintained by State although not in use and ownership is unknown •Example of Federal Aid bridges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s •Significant element of the Territorial Belt Road Plan •Associated with sugar plantation industry and economic development Hionomoa Stmam Hawaii Belt Road •Significant for innovative engineering developments and aesthetic merit 001000110306996 Brtlge Hionomoa Stream (Mamalah oa Highway) 1938 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible"' •One ofthe first reinforced-concrete rigid-frame bridges constructed in the islands •one of only eve of this type built prior to world War II •one ofthe most sophisticated ofthe pre-World War II brldges from an engineetng perspective •Representative of the work ofa master.William R.Bartels NRHP ar HRS OE Listed,Eli Obie,Nat Eligible,Contributing,Nan-Contributing,ar Program Comments. "Historic resources adlacenl to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have noform. Hawaii State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 001002700500114 Honokorga9Imam Honokoa Stream Akoni Pule Highway 1965 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments. •Example of Federal Aid bridges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s •Significant element of the Territorial Belt Road Plan and contributed to the economic development of the region •Excellent example of federally-funded tee-beam bridge construction in the 1930s 001000190309493 Honolii Stream Bridge Honolii Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1936 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible"' •20th century example of advanced bridge engineering and construction •Significant for complex technological engineering developments exhibited in its design •one of the last major concrete tee-beam highway bridges constructed along the Hawaii Ben Road prior to World War II •Representative of the work ofa master dames 0.vapp 001000110306199 Honuapo Bridge Railroad(Honuapo) Hawaii Belt Road 1940 Concrete Slab Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible 'Assoaated with developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii (Mamalahoa Highway) •Good example of 1940s concrete bridge 001000190306695 Kaala Stream Bridge Kaala Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1935 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge 001000190307644 Kaaluu Stream Bridge Kaalau Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1933 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge 001000190305755 Kahaupu Stream Kahaupu Stream Hawaii Ben Road 1953 Concrete Box CuNed Metal Thrie Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwarculved and falls under Program Comments. CuNed 001002400500949 Kahaupu Stream Kahaupu Stream Honokaa-Waipio Road 1953 Concrete Box Cubed Metal Thrie Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar cubed and falls under Program Comments. CuNed •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 001000190305863 Kahawailiilii Stream Kahawailirlii Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1959 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Eligible... 'One of the best examples of program comment bridge built Postwar(1945)along the Bridge Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 1977 •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 5 001000190306865 Kaholo Stream Bridge Kaholo Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1935 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge 001000190309220 Kaieie Stream Bridge Kaieie Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 001000190307555 KaiwflaBhindlandeStream Kaiwfahilahi Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1956 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments 001000190309172 Kalaoa Stream Bridge Kalaoa Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments 001430001100009 Kalopa Alvah Gulch Alpe!!Gulch Kalopa Pohakea Road 2003 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal Picket No Not Eligible bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1939 bridge Bridge in 2003_ KalopaKaumoali 001430001100008 Kaumoali Gulch Kalopa Pohakea Road 2003 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal Picket No Not Eligible The bridge has lost integritytlue to the complete replacement of the original 1930 bridge Gulch Bridge in 2003_ •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 001000190306021 Kalopa Stream Bridge Kalopa Stream Haman Belt Road 1959 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible'" 'Longest concrete span built pontoon(1945)00 the island of Hawaii in the histonc study period prior to 1977 •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 25 001250001100004 Kaluiiki Bridge Kaluiiki Stream Melee Road 1940 TimberStringer Metal Thrie Beam No Not EligibleThis bridge has lost integrity due to replacement of the railings with thee beams in 2005. The deck was also replaced in-kind_ 001000190302911 Kamzkoa Gulch Kamakoa Gulch QueenHighwayKaahumanu 1974 Steel Cubed Metal Thrie Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar cubed and falls under Program Comments_ 001000110306913 Kanenelu Stream Kanenelu Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1938 Concrete Slab Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible •Assoaated with developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii Britlge (Mamalahoa Highway) •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge 001000190307673 Kapehu Stream Bridge Kapehu Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1933 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii •Good example of 1930s reinforced concrete bridge •One of six registered steel trestle badges on the Hamakua coast •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment •Engineering significance of the trestle structure of the early twentieth century 001000190309317 Kapue Stream Bridge Kapue Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1950 Steel Trestle Concrete Open Horizontal Yes Eligible'" 'Assoaated with the sugar plantation industry •Assoaated with the Hilo Railroad Company •Associated with three rounders of the Him railroad company •Associated with postwar Hawaii Belt Road Distract •See Hawaii Belt Road histone context Chapter 25 •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 001000190306944 Kaula Stream Bridge Kaula Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1959 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible'" 'One of the best examples of program comment bodge built postwar(1945)along the Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the histone study period prior to 1977 •See Hawaii Belt Road histone context Chapter 25 001000190306165 Kaueooairi9SStream Kaumoalii Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1959 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments 001000270300326 KawaiB 9 tream Kawaihae Stream Kawaihae Road 1960 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 001002400500410 Kawaikka 9Stream Kawaikalia Stream Honokaa-Waipio Road 1967 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ NRNP or HRS 6E Listed,Elidble,Nal Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have noform. Hawaii State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 001240001100002 Kawailani Street Waiakea Stream Kawailani Street 2005 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not EligibleThe badge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1930 bridge Bridge in 005_ 001000190306458 Kawaili Stream Badge Kawaili Stream Hawaii Belt Road 2011 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not EligibleThis badge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1938 bridge in 2011_ •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 001000190309043 Kaweinui Stream Kawainui Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1948 Steel Stringer Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible"' 'See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter25 Bridge •Earliest steel bridge built postwar(1945)on the island of Hawaii in the histone study period prior to 19]] •One of six bodges listed under 2000 MOA •Example of Federal Aid bridges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s •Significant element of the Territorial Belt Road Plan and contributed to the economic development of the region Kealakaha Stream •Excellent example of federally-funded tee-beam bodge constructed in the 1930s 001000190306756 BridgeKealakaha Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1935 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible •20th century example of advanced bridge engineering and construction •Significant for complex technological engineering developments exhibited in its design •One of the last major concrete tee-beam highway bodges constructed along the Hawaii Belt Road prior to World War II •Representative of the work of a master.William R.Bartels Keamuku Stream This bridge has lost integrity due to alterations and resemblance to box culverts.It does 001001900502561 Bridge Keamuku Stream Mamalahoa Highway 1940 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid No Not Eligible not havedistinctve engineering orarchitectuml features that depart from standard culoed design_ Keawewai Stream 001002500500844 (Honokoa Bntlge) Kea(Honolkoa)Stream Kohala Mountain Road 1961 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid Decoratve No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Kekualele Stream This bridge has lost integrity due to alterations_In 2004,the bridge railings were 001000190306656 Bridge Kekualele Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1935 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete and Metal No Not Elgible completely replaced_It does not have distinctiveengineering or architectural features that depart from standard bridge design_ •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 001000190307519 Kihalani Stream Kihalani Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1956 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Horizontal Na Eligible"' •One of the best examples of a program comment bridge built postwar(1945)along the Brklge Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 19]] •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 5 •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 00100019030]38] Kilau Stream Bridge Kilau Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1953 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible"' 'One of the best examples of program comment bridge built postwar(1945)along the Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 19]] •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter25 001019401400180 KomoBhanaridge Street Waiakea Stream Komohana Street 1966 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Not Elgible 8080_bridge has lost integrity resulting frau the extension of both sides of the bridge in •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment Kukaiau Stream •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 001000190306590 BridgeKukaiau Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1951 Steel Stringer Concrete and Metal No Eligible'" •One of the best examples of a program comment bridge built postwar(1945)along the Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 19]] •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter25 This bridge has of lost integrity due to significant alterations_In 2004,the bridge was 0010001903068]6 Kupapaulua Stream Kupapaulua Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1935 Open Spandrel Arch Concrete and Metal No Not Eligible and widened_The existing arch structure was built-up with concrete to Bridge incruase load capacity and the bridge railings were replaced with solid concrete rails with aesthetic indentations •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment Kuweikahi Stream •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 00100019030]4]4 Bridge Kuwaikahi Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1957 Steel Stringer Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible'" •One of the best examples of a program comment bridge built postwar(1945)along the Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic studyperiod prior to 19]] •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter25 001000270300281 MakahBu 95etmam Makahuna Stream Kawaihae Road 1960 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 0010002]03002]5 Makeahua Stream Makeahua Stream Kawaihae Road 1934 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Not EligibleThe bridge has lost integrity due to modifications_The thrie beams are placed in front of Bridge Decorative the original parapets and metal railings were added on top Olt 001000190307981 Manolloa Stream Manoloa Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1951 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ Bnd00100019030]45] Manaw 9ord9e Stream Manowaiopae Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1957 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ 00100019030]]99 Maulua Stream Bridge Maulua Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1953 Steel Stringer Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bridge and falls under Program Comments_ •Contributes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 00100019030]585 Moanalulu Stream Moanalulu Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1956 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible'" 'One of the best examples of program comment bridge built postwar(1945)along the Bridge Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 19]] •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter25 NRNP or HRS 6E Listed,EliObie,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have noform. Hawaii State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register •Example of Federal Aid bridges constructed by the Territory in the 1930s •Significant element of the Territorial Belt Road Plan •Associated with sugar plantation industry and economic development Hawaii Belt Road •Significant for innovative engineering developments and aesthetic men 001000110306986 Moaula Stream Bridge Moaula Stream (Mamalahce Highway) 1938 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible"' •One of the first reinforced-concrete ngid-frame bridges constructed in the islands •One of only five of this type built prior to Wond War II •One of the most sophisticated of the pre-World War II bodges Roman engineering perspective •Representative of the work of a master.William R.Bartels 001000190306612 Mohuna ndStream Mohuna Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1951 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ (M 001950001100003 Naalehu Box CuNed Flood Control Channel Hawaiih Belt ori Road 1966 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ amalaHighway) •One of six registered steel trestle bodges on the Hamakua coast •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment •Engineering significance of the trestle structure of the early twentieth century •Associated with the sugar plantation industry 001000190308146 Nanue Stream Bridge Nanue Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1952 Steel Trestle Concrete Open Horizontal Yes Eligible"' •Associated with the Hilo Railroad Company •Associated with three rounders of the Him railroad company •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices •Associated with postwar Hawaii Belt Road District •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 2 5 001000190305585 Nienie Stream Bridge Nienie Strain Hawaii Belt Road 1963 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments. 001002400500]]1 Nienie Stream Bridge Nienie Stream Honokaa-Waipio Road 1967 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bodge and falls under Program Comments. Hawaii Belt Roatl Prestressetl Concrete Steel Bridge Rail, 001000110306601 Ninole Stream Bridge Ninole Stream (MamaI hoa Highway) 2021 Stanger Reinforced Concrete Bridge No Not Eligible Replaced 1940 Ninole Stream Bridge(001000110306600) Rail 001000190308012 Ninole Stream Badge Ninole Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1951 Steel Stanger Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments. 0012]0001100010 Onomea Camp Road Railroad Crossing Onomee Camp Road 2002 Concrete Box Culvert Masonry Rock No Not Eligible' in has lostintegrN due to the complete replacement of the engine'1930 culvertBritlge in 2002_The rock abutments area potentiallyelgible historic resource_ Ookala Plantation Hawaii Belt Road 001000191106953 Road Overpass (Ookala Plantation Plantation Road 1959 Steel Stanger Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Road Overpass) 001000190308189 Opea Stream Bridge Opea Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1952 Steel Stanger Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ 001180001100004 Oshiro Road Bridge Relief Oshiro Road 2003 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal Picket No Not EligibleThe bridge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1940 badge in 2003. Paauilo Pedestrian Hawaii Belt Road 001000190006359 Overpass (Paauilo Pesestnan Pedestrian 1962 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Chain Link No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Overpass) This badge has lost integrity due to alterations and seismic retrofr ting_Thae beams were Paheehee Mauka Paheehee Gulch placed in front of the original parapets and metal pipe railings were added on top of the 001002200500040 Britlge (Akaka Falls) Akaka Falls Road 1927 Concrete Slab Metal Thae Beam No Not Eligible.. original_This badge has a 10 inch waterline on the inlet side.Seismic retrofit was completed in 2003_The bridge abutments area potentially eligible historic resource_ •One of six registered steel trestle bridges on the Hamakua coast •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme marine environment •Engineering significance of the trestle structure of the early twentieth century Paheehee Stream •Associated with the sugar plantation industry 001000190308619 BridgePaheehee Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1950 Steel Trestle Concrete Open Horizontal Yes Eligible"' •Assocated with the Hilo Railroad Company •Associated with three rounders of the Him railroad company •See National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form in appendices •Associated with postwar Hawaii Belt Road District •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 25 Pahcehoe Steam •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type 001000190309368 BridgePahcehoe Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1912 Closed Spandrel Arch Metal Thne Beam No Eligible •Good example of 1910s closed spandrel arch typical of its period in its use of materials, method of construction,craftsmanship,and design 001000110411925 Panaewa Stream Panaewa Stream H(Kanawaceii lehua BeltAvenRoatlue) 1950 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Papaaloa Pedestrian Hawaii Belt Road 001000190007529 Overpass (Papaaloa Pedestrian Pedestrian 1964 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Chain Link No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Overpass) Pepeekeo Plantation Hawaii Belt Road 001000191108812 Road (Pepeekeo Plantation Plantation Road 1950 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Road Overpass) NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EliOble,Nm Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no form. Hawaii State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature{Significance) Register •Contnbutes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 00100019030]88] Pohakupuka Stream Pohakupuka Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1953 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible"' 'One of the best examples ofa program comment badge built Postwar(1945)along the Bridge Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period poor to 19]] •See Hawaii Belt Road histone context Chapter 2 5 001000190409666 PakihBa�9eream Pukihae Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1949 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Horizontal Na Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Puna SugarTmck Puna Plantation Track 001001300502441 Underpass Underpass(Highway Keaau-Pahoa Road 1968 Concrete Slab Metal Thne Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Overpass) 001000110306805 Punaluu Stream Pareteu Stream Hawaii Bcited 1940 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Greek Cross Na Eligible •Assodated with developments In concrete bodge construction In Hawaii Britlge (Mamalahoa Highway) •Good example of 1940s reinforced concrete bodge This badge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the original 1940 bridge 001230001100003 Reeds Island Bridge Wailuku River Kaiulani Street 2013 Timber Stanger Wood No Not Elgible in 2013_It is one of the seven badges listed under the 2000 MOA which includes_ Honamu,Kalaoa,Op.,Kalopa,Inoino,Waikaalulu,and Kaahakini_ •One of six registered steel trestle bodges on the Hamakua coast •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme metre environment •Engineering significance of the trestle structure of the early twentieth century Umauma Stream •Assodated with the sugar plantation Industry 001000190308346 Bridge Umauma Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1952 Steel Stringer Concrete Open Horizontal Yes Eligible'" •Assodated with the Hilo Railroad Company •Assodated with three rounders of the Him railroad company •See National Register of Hlstonc Places Nominaeon Form In appendices •Assodated with postwar Hawaii Belt Road Distract •See Hawaii Belt Road histone context Chapter 25 Unnamed Gulch Unnamed Gulch Queen Kaahumanu Programtypicalpostwar Program 001000190302]54 quwaiakeakua Auwaiakeakua Highway 19]4 Steel Calved None Na Comments This is atwar calved and fags under Comments. 001000190300831 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is atypical postwar calved and falls under Program Comments_ Highway 001000190301371 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is a typical postwar calved and falls under Program Comments_ Highway 001000190301550 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is atypical postwarculved and falls under Program Comments_ Highway 001000190301572 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is atypical postwarculved and Pals under Program Comments_ Highway 001000190301682 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is atypical postwarculved and tabs under Program Comments_ Highway 001000190302111 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved Metal Thae Beam No Program Comments This is atypical postwarculved and falls under Program Comments_ Highway 001000190302173 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is atypical postwar calved and falls under Program Comments_ Highway 001000190302653 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved Metal Thae Beam No Program Comments This is atypical postwar calved and falls under Program Comments_ Highway 001000190302795 Unnamed Gully Unnamed Gully Queen Kaahumanu 1974 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is atypical postwarculved and falls under Program Comments. Highway 001002700501199 Unnamed Stream Unnamed Stream KawaihaRe�dahukona 1972 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is a typical postwar calved and falls under Program Comments. 001000190308983 Waiaaaoa Stream Waiaama Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1968 Concrete Girder Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments This badge has lost integrity tlue to railing replacementin 2008_The original qualities 001001800]00484 Waiaha Britlge Intermittent Stream Mamalahoa Highway 1920 Concrete Slab Metal Horizontal No Not Elgible have not been ratained andlhere is insufficient distinclion to mitigate the loss of integrity to la railing_In 2006 the badge was damaged in an eadhquake antl the wing walls were replaced in 2007_More research is needed in the future_ 001002500500053 Waiake Stream Bridge Waiaka Stream Kohala Mountain Road 1932 Concrete Slab Concrete Scud Panel with No Eligible •Good example ofa 1930s reinforced concrete bodge Cap 001000190308092 WaikauBmndalgoeStream Waikaumalo Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1952 Steel Stringer Concrete Open Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments Waikolu Stream •Assodated with early developments in concrete and steel bodge construction in Hawaii 001000190308038 Britlge Waikolu Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1934 Concrete Rigid Frame Concrete Open Greek Cross No Eligible •Uncommon use of steel material In Hawaii's extreme manna environment •Good example ofa 1930s reinforced concrete and steel badge 001000190409828 Weiloa River Bridge Wailoa Stream Kamehameha Avenue 1993 Concrete Girder Metal Horizontal No Not Eligible This badge has lost integrity duetothe complete replacement of the original 1938 badge 993_ 001001300502182 WaipahoLh9e Stream Waipahoehce Stream Keaau-Pahoa Road 1968 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ •Contnbutes to postwar Hawaii Belt Road 001000190306280 Waipunahina Stream Waipunahina Stream Hawaii Belt Road 1959 Concrete Girder Concrete Open Horizontal Na Eligible'" •One of the best examples of a program comment badge built postwar(1945)along the Britlge Hawaii Belt Road on the island of Hawaii in the historic study period prior to 19]] •See Hawaii Belt Road historic context Chapter 25 001480001100002 Waiulili Stream Bodge Waiulilu Stream Old Honokaa-WaRoatl in 19]9ipio 19]9 Concrete Slab Metal Thae Beam No Not Elgible The badge has lost integrity due to the complete replacement of the anginal 1920 badge NRHP or HRS GE Listed,Pb gble,Nal Eligible,Contributing,Nan-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have no farm. Hawaii State Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register Walaohia Stream Concrete Solid Panel with •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii 001002]00502266 Bridge Walaohia Gulch Akoni Pule Highway 1919 Concrete Tee Beam Cap Na Eligible .Good example ofa 1910s reinforced concrete bndge NRNP or HRS 6E Listed,Egdble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Nan-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cotta have naorm. Hawaii County Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 001019201400400 4 Mile Creek Bridge 4-Mile Creek Kilauea Avenue 1916 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete SCadP Panel with No Eligible •Fair example ofa 1910s reinforced concrete tee beam bndge 001002010900998 51 Mile Bridge Unnamed Stream Saddle Road 1942 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid No Eligible •Good example of a 1940s reinforced concrete slab bridge •Rock abutments area potentially eligible histone resource 001002010901164 53 Mile Bridge Unnamed Stream Saddle Road 1942 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid No Eligible •Good example of a 1940s reinforced concrete slab bridge 001020001400000 7 Mile Saddle Road Intermittent Stream Saddle Road 1976 Steel Calved None No Program Comments This is a typical postwarcubed and tags under Program Comments_ Crossing 001460 0011 000 09 Ahualoa Gulch No-1 Ahualoa Na.1 Gulch Kahana Delve 1930 Timber Stringer Wood Na Eligible •Associated with early developments in timber bodge construction in Hawaii Bridge •Good example of the 1930s timber bodge 001460 0011 000 07 Ahualoa Gulch No-2 Ahualoa Na.2 Gulch Kumupele Road 1930 Timber Stringer Wood Na Eligible •Associated with early developments in timber bodge construction in Hawaii Bridge •Good example of the 1930s timber bodge 001460 0011 000 02 Ahualoa No-2 Gulch Ahualoa Na.2 Gulch Mamalahoa Highway 1923 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with Na Eligible"` 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Britlge Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 001240001100005 Ainalak0o tlLMi 4Mi Creek Ainalako Road 1972 Steel Cubed Metal Thoe Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar cubed and falls under Program Comments. 001680001100003 Auwaiakeakua Gulch Auwaiakeakua Gulch Laukula Street 1970 Concrete Culved None No Program Comments This is a typical postwar cubed and falls under Program Comments. 001680001100002 Auwaiakeakua Gulch Auwaiakeakua Gulch Paniolo Street 1970 Concrete Culved Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ 001680001100001 Auwaiakeakua Gulch Auwaiakeakua Gulch Waikoloa Road 1970 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ Between Kaapahu and Kaapahu and •Assoaated with early developments in timber bodge construction in Hawaii 00144 0 0011 000 02 Waikaalulu Gulch Waikaalulu Gulch Paauilo Mauka Road 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible .Good example of the 1930s timber bodge Bridge Between Kaapahu and Kaapahu and •Assoaated with early developments in timber bodge construction in Hawaii 00144 0 0011 000 03 Waikaalulu Gulch Waikaalulu Gulch Paauilo Mauka Road 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible .Good example of the 1930s timber bodge Bridge Between Waikaalulu Kaapahu and •Assoaated with early developments in timber bodge construction in Hawaii 00144 0 0011 000 04 and Kaapahu Gulch Waikaalulu Gulch Paauilo Mauka Road 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible .Good example of the 1930s timber bodge Bridge •Typical post warbndge type with a unique bridge function 001210001100001 Coconut Island Bridge Pacific Ocean Pedestrian Walkway 1967 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Picket No Eligible •Good example of a modest intensland pedestrian bodge that connects the small offshore Coconut Island to the main island of Hawaii 001220001100004 Elm Street Bridge 4-Mile Creek Elm Street 1963 Concrete Box Cubed Metal Horizontal No Program This m atypical poslwarculverl and fats under Program Comments_The rock abutments Comments" •re a potentiallyeligible historic resource_ Hakalau Stream Old Mamalahoa •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type 001 290 0011 000 03 BridgeHakalau Stream Highway 1930 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Open Decorative No Eligible"' •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 001270001100005 Hanawi Stream Bridge Hanawi Stream Old Mamalahoa 1922 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with No Eligible"' •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic District Highway Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 001240001100004 Hooka Road-Waekea Waiakea Shea Hoaka Road 1970 Concrete Culved Metal Thne Beam No Program Comments This is a typical poslwarculved and lois under Program Comments. Stream 0014 70 0011 000 01 Honokaia Gulch East Honokaia Gulch Mamalahoa Highway 1924 Concrete Tee Beam Na Parapet/Railing Na Eligible"' •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic District Branch Britlge •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 001470 0011 000 02 Honokaia Gulch West Honokaia Gulch Mamalahoa Highway 1924 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Eligible'" •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Branch Bridge •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 Old Mamalahoa •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type 001260 0011 000 06 Honolii Stream Bodge Honolii Stream Highway 1911 Open Spandrel Arch Concrete Solid with Cap No Eligible'" •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 •Bldge is a non-contributing feature in the Mamalahoa Historic Distract due to complete Honomu Stream Old Mamalahoa Concrete Solid Panel with replacement of the original 1935 bodge in 2002 001280 0011 000 02 Bridge StreamHighway2002 Concrete Girder Cap No Non-Contnbuting •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 •One of the seven bodges listed under the 2000 MOA which includes:Honomu,Kalaoa, Opea,Kalopa,Inono,Waikaalulu,and Kaahakini •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 001460 0011 000 05 Mom Gulch Bridge !nano Gulch Mamalahoa Highway 1924 Concrete Girder Concrete Solid Panel with No Eligible'" 'See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 Cap •One of the seven bodges listed under the 2000 MOA which includes Honomu,Kalaoa, Opea,Kalopa,Inono,Waikaalulu,and Kaahakini 001001800700643 Intemmittent Stream Intemmittent Stream Mamalahoa Highway 1971 Concrete Culved Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and fats under Program Comments. 001 001 8007 00604 Intermittent Stream Intermittent Stream Roadway 1972 Concrete Culved None No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. 001 001 8007002 70 Intermittent Stream Intermittent Stream Roadway 1969 Concrete Culved None No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments 001001800700263 Intemmittent Stream Intemmittent Stream Mamalahoa Highway 1969 ConbeacretemSlorriGinger/Multiber Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This isatypical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments_ NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,Eli oble,501 Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent 10 resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have noform. Hawaii County Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance( Register •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 001290001100001 Kaahakini Stream Kaahakini Stream Old Mamalahoa 1929 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with No Eligible"' 'See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 Bridge Highway Cap •One of the seven bodges listed under the 2000 MOA which includes Honomu,Kalaoa, Opea,Kalopa,Inono,Waikaalulu,and Kaahakini 001440001100001 Kaapahu Gulch Bridge Kaapahu Gulch Paauilo Mauka Road 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in timber bndge construction in Hawaii •Good example of the 1930s timber bodge 0012700011 00006 Kahalii Stream Bridge Kahalii Stream Old Mamalahoa 1929 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Dis[nct No Eligible"' Highway Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 4 001440001100010 Kahawaihilii Gulch Kahawailala Gulch Old Mamalahoa 1919 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with No Eligible"' 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic District Bridge Highway Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 Concrete Solid Panel with •Assocated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 001750001100004 Kahului Bridge Relief Alii Drive 1937 Concrete Slab NaCzp Eligible •Good example of the 1930s reinforced concrete bridge •Hock abutments area potentially eligible histone resource 0012700011 00003 Kaieie Stream Bridge Kaieie Stream Old Mamalahoa 1929 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Dis[nct No Eligible"' Highway Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 4 0012600011 00005 Kaiwlci Bridge No 1 Karmic!Stream Old Mamalahoa 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 1920 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Eligible"' Highway •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 4 001260001100007 Karmic!Homestead Unnamed Stream Kaiwiki Homestead 1930 Timber Stanger Wood Na Eligible 'Good example of the timber bridge that is typical of its period in its use of materials, Road Bridge Road method of construction,craftsmanship,and design Kaiwlahilahi Stream Old Mamalahoa •Arch bndges are an uncommon bodge type 0013500011 00001 BridgeKaiwilahilahi Stream Highway 1923 Open Spandrel Arch Concrete Open Vedic. No Eligible"' •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 Old Mamalahoa •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type 001260001100002 Kalalau Stream Bridge Kalalau Stream Highway 1920 Masonry Arch Masonry Rock with Cap No Eligible"' •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 001270001100004 Kalaoa Stream Bridge Kalaoa Stream Old Mamalahoa 1929 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with No Eligible"' 'See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 Highway Cap •One of the seven bodges listed under the 2000 MOA which includes Honomu,Kalaoa, Opea,Kalopa,Inono,Waikaalulu,and Kaahakini 001440001100007 Kalopa Gulch Bridge Kalopa Gulch Kaapahu Road 1919 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with Na Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii Cap •Good example of the 1910s cast in place concrete bridge •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 001440 001100009 Kalopa Gulch Bridge Kalopa Gulch Kalopa Road 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible"' 'See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 •One of the seven bodges listed under the 2000 MOA which includes:Honomu,Kalaoa, Opea,Kalopa,Mono,Waikaalulu,and Kaahakini Old Mamalahoa •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type 001270001100001 Kapue Stream Bridge Kapue Stream Highway 1935 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Solid No Eligible"' •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 001002400500337 Kapulena Gulch Kapulena Gulch Honokaa-Waipio Road 1970 Steel Culvert Metal Thne Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. 001410001100001 Kaula Gulch Badge Kaula Gulch Old Mamalahoa 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 1928 Steel Stanger Wood No Eligible"' Highway •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 4 KaumoaF Gulch Old Mamalahoa •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type 001430001100002 BridgeKaumoali Gulch Highway 1932 Masonry Arch Concrete Open Horizontal No Eligible"' •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 001270001100007 Kawainui Stream Kawainui Stream Old Mamalahoa 1900 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible"' 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Bridge Highway •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 4 001460001100004 Keaakaukau Gulch Keaakaukau Gulch Mamalahoa Highway 1925 Concrete Slab Concrete Solid Panel with No Eligible"' 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Britlge Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001460001100008 Keaakaukau Stream Keaakaukau Gulch Kahana Drve 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in timber bodge construction in Hawaii Britlge •Good example of the 1930s timber bodge •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type •Significant in the areas of engineering and transportation in Hawaii •Associated with public works efforts by the County of Hawaii,and as an important civic 001230 001100001 Keawe-Wailuku BridgeMyer Wailuku ver Keawe Street 1938 Rainbow Arch Concrete Open Decorative No Eligible,,, structure associated wet the development of Hilo •One of two remaining"rainbow"or Marsh arch bridges in the state •Representative of the work of a master.William Hoy Chun •The only bridge on Hawaii Island that received Public Works Administration moneys from the U S.government during the Great Depression 001360001100002 Kilau Stream Bridge Kilau Stream Manowaiopae 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in timber bodge construction in Hawaii Homestead Road •Good example of the 1930s timber bodge 001019201400370 Kilauea Avenue Bridge Palai Stream Kilauea Avenue 1968 Concrete Box Culvert Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and fals under Program Comments. 001019301400110 Kinoole Street Britlge- Waiakea Stream Kinoole Street 1964 Concrete Box Culvert Metal Chain Link No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and fals under Program Comments. Wmakea Stream Kolekole Stream Old Mamalahoa •Arch bridges are an uncommon bridge type 001280001100004 BridgeKolekole Stream Highway 1929 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Open Arched No Eligible" •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 Kukuiaonanipahu Kukuiaonanipahu •Associated with early developments in timber bodge construction in Hawaii 001450 001100001 Gulch Bridge Gulch Ohia Street 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible .Good example of the 1930s timber bridge 'NRHP or HRS 6E Listed,EliOble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Nan-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have noform. Hawaii County Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status" Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 0012400011 00003 Kupulau Bridge Waiakea Stream Kupulau Street 1967 Concrete Slab Metal Thae Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bndge and falls under Program Comments_ 001240001100001 [anikB 9Street Waiakea Stream Lanikaula Street 1968 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar bndge and falls under Program Comments_ Lanimaumau Stream This is atypical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments.It replaced 001640001100001 Culvert Lanimaumau Stream Kamamalu Street 19]] Concrete Box Cubed Metal Chain Link No Program Comments Lanimaumau Stream CUNed 00164 0001100001 built in 1955. 001420001100001 Lauhala Gulch Bridge Lauhala Gulch Old Mamalahoa 'Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible"' Highway •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 4 Laupahoahoe Gulch Mamalahoa •Arch bndges are an uncommon bodge type 001360001100001 Bridge GulchHighway1930 Masonry Arch Masonry Rock No Eligible'" •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distnct •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001420001100002 Mahuna Gulch Bridge Mahuna Gulch Old Mamalahoa 'Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible'" Highway •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001260001100003 Maili Stream Bridge Maili Stream Kaiwi Road 1900 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible 'Associated with early developments in timber bndge construction in Hawaii •Good example of the 191Os timber bndge 001260001100004 Maili Stream Bridge Maili Stream Old Mamalahoa 'Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 1916 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Sold No Eligible'" Highway •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001430001100006 Marlene Gulch Bridge Marlene Gulch Pohakea Mauka Road 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible •Good example of the 193Os reinforced concrete bridge 001430001100007 Marlene Gulch Bridge Marlene Gulch Marlene Road 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible 'Associated with early developments in timber bndge construction in Hawaii •Good example of the 193Os timber bndge 0013200011 00001 Nanue Stream Bridge Nanue Stream Old Mamalahoa 1930 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Sold Panel with No Eligible'" 'Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Dis[nct Highway Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001460001100001 Nene Gulch Bridge Nene Gulch Mamalahoa Highway 1923 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Solid Panel with No Eligible'" 'Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Dis[nct Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 •Significant for construction type built in Hawaii in this period 001180001100003 North Peck Road Relief Nodh Peck Road 1940 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible •Uniquesingle span timber bndge type during apenod consisting pnmarily of concrete Bridge bndge construction •Good example of the 194Os timber bndge •Arch bodges are an uncommon bndge type 001290001100002 Old Railroad Crossing Railroad Crossing Old Mamalahoa 1930 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Sold Panel with No Eligible'" 'Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Detect Bridge Highway Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 •Hock abutments area potentially eligible histone resource •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 001310 001100002 Opea Stream Bridge Opea Stream Old Mamalahoa 1912 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Eligible'" 'See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 Highway •One of the seven bodges listed under the 2000 MOA which includes:Honomu,Kalaoa, Opea,Kalopa,Inono,Waikaalulu,and Kaahakini 001280001100003 Paheohee Stream Paheehee Stream Old Mamalahoa 1929 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Sold Panel with No Eligible`" 'Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Bridge Highway Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001220001100002 Pauahi Badge Waiolama Canal Pauahi Street 1949 Steel Stanger Metal Picket No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and falls under Program Comments. 001250001100003 PiihonRua-Wailukuiver Piihonua-WailukuRiver Piihonua Road 1973 Concrete CulvertMetal Thae Beam No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvertand falls under Program Comments. Piihonua-Wailuku Piihonua-Wailuku Concrete Box Beam or Program typicalpostwar Program 001250001100002 River River Piihonua Road 19]0 Giber Concrete and Metal No Comments This is a twar cuNed and falls under P Comments_ Pohakuhaku Gulch Paauilo Pohakea •Assoaated with early developments in concrete bridge construction in Hawaii 001430001100005 Bridge Pohakuhaku Gulch Road 1936 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Vertical No Eligible .Good example of the 193Os reinforced concrete bridge •Arch bodges are an uncommon bndge type 001260001100001 Pukihae Stream Pukihae Stream Old Mamalahoa 1904 Masonry Arch Masonry Rock with Cap No Eligible'" 'One of the oldest masonry bodges remaining in Hawaii Bridge Highway •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic District •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 Puuokalepa Bridge Old Mamalahoa •Arch bodges are an uncommon bndge type 0012]0001100002 No 1 Puuokalepa Stream Highway 1904 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Sold with Cap No Eligible'" •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 0014]0001100003 Relief Elevation 276 Relief Mamalahoa Highway 1924 Concrete Tee Beam Metal Horizontal No Eligible'" 'Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Britlga •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001180001100001 Relief South Kulani Relief South Kulani South Kulani Road 1969 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and Oafs under Program Comments_ Road Road 001460001100010 Relief Stream Bridge Relief Kahana 0rnte 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible 'Associated with early developments in timber bndge construction in Hawaii •Good example of the 193Os timber bndge 0013100011 00001 Umauma Stream Umauma Stream Old Mamalahoa 1920 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Sold Panel with No Eligible'" 'Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Bridge Highway Cap •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001250001100001 Upper Piihonua Badge Wailuku River Piihonua Road 1976 Prestressed Concrete Metal Horizontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ Box Beam Waiaama Stream Old Mamalahoa •Arch bodges are an uncommon bndge type 0012]0001100008 Brklge Waiaama StreamHighway 1930 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Sold with Cap No Eligible'" •Contnbutes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter24 001960001100001 Waiakaloa Gulch Waiakaloa Gulch Wood Valley 1935 Concrete Slab No Parapet/Railing No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bndge construction in Hawaii Britlge Homestead Road •Good example of the 193Os reinforced concrete bridge NRNP or HRS 6E Listed,Etiyble,Not Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adlaceo to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-au-teals have noform. Hawaii County Bridge Matrix Bridge Bridge Feature Feature Construction Bridge Parapet/Railing Listed on Number Name Crossed Carded Date Type Type National/Hawaii Eligibility Status' Character Defining Feature(Significance) Register 001960001100002 Waiakaloa Gulch Waiakaloa Gulch Wood Valley 1935 Concrete Slab No Parapet/Railing No Eligible 'Assoaated with early developments in concrete bodge construction in Hawaii Bodge Homestead Road •Good example of the 1930s reinforced concrete bridge •Arch bodges are an uncommon bodge type •Significant for its contributions to the fields of engineering and transportation in Hawaii •Excellent example of reinforced-concrete solid-spandrel arch construction in the Italianate style •Associated with public works efforts by the County of Hawaii,and as an important civic 0010272014 00020 Waianuenue Bri4ge Ainako Stream Waianuenue Avenue 1924 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Open Decorative No Eligible,,, structure associated wAh the development of Hilo •Rare remaining example of this once common bridge type,as well as for Its aesthetic mere •Representative of early 20th century neoclassical architectural style and exhibits influence of the City Beautiul Movement •Representative of design by En Leong Wung •Earliest of the decorative arch bridges built by the county in the 1920s and 1930s 001440001100005 Waikaalulu Gulch Waikaalulu Gulch Paauilo Mauka Road 1930 Timber Stanger Wood No Eligible •Associated with early developments in timber bndge construction in Hawaii Bridge •Good example of 1930s timber bndge 001440 001100006 Waikaalulu Gulch Waikaalulu Gulch Kaapahu Road 1930 Timber Stanger Wood No Eligible •Assoaated with early developments in timber bndge construction in Hawaii Bridge •Good example of 1930s timber bndge •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract 001440 001100008 Waikaalulu Gulch Waikaalulu Gulch Kalopa Road 1930 Timber Stanger Wood No Eligiblee'. •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 Bridge •One of the seven bodges listed under the 2000 MOA which includes:Honomu,Kalaoa, Opea,Kalopa,Mono,Waikaalulu,and Kaahakini 001002400500282 Waikaloa Stream Waikaloa Stream Honokaa-Paahau 1971 Concrete Stanger/Multi- Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This isatypical postwar culvert and fats antler Program Comments. Road beam or Girder 001g20001100002 Waikaumalo Stream Waikaumalo Stream Old Mamalahoa 1920 Timber Stanger Wood No Eligible"' •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Bridge Highway •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 Waikaumalo Stream Unnamed Road off 0013200011 00003 Bridge Waikaumalo Stream Piha Kahuku 1930 Timber Stringer Wood No Eligible •Good example of a 1930s timber bndge Homestead Road 001050001100001 Waikoloa Stream Waikoloa Stream Lindsey Road 1970 Concrete Slab Concrete and Metal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar culvert and lois under Program Comments. 001019201400100 Wailoa Badge Wailoa Stream Kilauea Avenue 1964 Concrete Slab Metal Hoazontal No Program Comments This is a typical postwar badge and falls under Program Comments_ 0012300011 00002 Wailuku Badge No l Wailuku River Wainaku Street 1919 Concrete Tee Beam Concrete Open Decorative No Eligible"' •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic District •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 001280001100001 Waimaauau Stream Waimaauau Stream Old Mamalahoa 1930 Concrete Slab Concrete Sold Panel No Eligible'" •Contributes to the Mamalahoa Historic Distract Bridge Highway •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 0010200014 00450 Waipahcehce Stream Waipahcehce Stream Kaumana Drive 1924 Closed Spandrel Arch Concrete Said with Cap No Eligible"' •Arch bndges are an uncommon bndge type Bridge •Hare example of a 1920s reinforced concrete round arch bridge Waipunahina Gulch Old Mamalahoa •Arch bndges are an uncommon bndge type 0014300011 00001 Bridge Gulch Highway 1928 Open Spandrel Arch Concrete Open Decorative No Eligible'" •ContObutes to the Mamalahoa Historic District •See Old Mamalahoa historic context Chapter 24 001002400500194 Waipunahoe Stream Waipunahoe Stream Honokaa�aahau 1972 Concrete Stanger/Multi- Concrete and Metal Na Program Comments This isatypical postwarcuNert and fats under Program Comments. Roatl beam or Girder Waiulaula Gulch •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment 001620001100001 Bridge Waiulaula Gulch Old Puako Road 1951 Steel Stanger Wood Na Eligible •Associated with the railroad •Good example ofa 1950s steel stringer bridge Waiulaula Gulch •Uncommon use of steel material in Hawaii's extreme manna environment 001620 001100002 Bridge Waiulaula Gulch Old Puako Road 1951 Steel Stanger Wood Na Eligible •Associated with the railroad •Good example ofa 1950s steel stringer bridge NRNP or MRS RE Listed,HAble,Nm Eligible,Contributing,Non-Contributing,or Program Comments. **Historic resources adjacent to resource. "'Formerly"High Preservation Value." Greyed-out cells have noform. Attachment 2 Consulting Parties FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program January 2, 2025 1 ATTACHMENT 2— CONSULTING PARTIES 2 [Other CONSULTING PARTIES to be determined] FINAL DRAFT Programmatic Agreement for the Hawai'i Historic Bridge Program 1 January 2, 2025 Attachment 3 HDOT & SHPD Memorandum of Understanding FINAL DRAFT Hawaii Historic Bridge Program January 2, 2025 MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE HAWAII STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU, COUNTY OF KAUAI, COUNTY OF MAUI,AND COUNTY OF HAWAII, AND THE DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES FOR THE HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM January 2, 2025 WHEREAS,the State of Hawai'i Department of Transportation (HDOT) and the City and County of Honolulu, County of Kaua'i, County of Maui, and the County of Hawai'i (collectively referred to as "the Counties") are owners of historic bridges and routinely undertake a range of maintenance, repair, and minor rehabilitation activities; WHEREAS,the Federal Highway Administration(FHWA)Hawai'i Division,under the authority of 23 U.S.C. § 101 et. Seq., implements the Federal-aid Highway Program in Hawai'i by funding and approving state and locally sponsored transportation projects that are administered by the Hawai'i Department of Transportation (HDOT) (23 U.S.C. § 315); and WHEREAS, HDOT administers Federal-aid projects throughout the State of Hawai'i as authorized by 23 U.S.C. § 302, and has participated in consultation and is a Signatory to this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and WHEREAS, the Counties may qualify for Federal-aid Highway Program funding administered by HDOT and are invited to be Signatories to this MOU; and WHEREAS,Hawaii Revised Statues (HRS) Chapter 6E-8 set forth the requirements for Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR)review of proposed State projects that may affect historic properties, and Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR)13-275 establishes the process by which the effects of a project on historic properties will be determined; WHEREAS, the responsibilities of the Hawai'i State Historic Preservation Officer(SHPO)under HRS Chapter 6E-8 has responsibility for complying with the historic preservation review process and therefore is a Signatory to this MOU; and WHEREAS,the Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, State of Hawai'i Department of Transportation, State of Hawai'i Historic Preservation Division, and the Local Counties executed a PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT REGARDING THE HAWAII HISTORIC BRIDGE PROGRAM (Agreement)to address a range of historic bridge maintenance, repair, and minor rehabilitation activities. The Agreement, inclusive of its Attachments and Appendices, is a process by which these agencies provide historic bridges in Hawai'i that: (1) achieve safe and efficient transportation operations; (2) avoid adverse effects on DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Attachment 3 -MOU Regarding HRS 6E Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program 1 January 2, 2025 historic bridges; and (3) make efficient use of federal aid in historic bridge maintenance, repair and minor rehabilitation by developing a National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (as amended) Section 106 process that: (a) simplifies procedural requirements, and (b)reduces the project-by-project review role of SHPD. The Agreement streamlines the historic preservation compliance process to facilitate the use of federal aid for a certain set of activities, defined by the Agreement as Tiered Activities. WHEREAS,the Agreement does not address major bridge rehabilitation or replacement projects, and any project that incorporates an activity not identified specifically as a Tiered Activity in the Agreement does not qualify for use of the Agreement and must follow the full historic preservation compliance review processes; WHEREAS, "historic bridges" are defined as those over fifty (50)years old and determined to be "significant" resources under the criteria of the Hawaii register of historic places or the criteria enumerated in subsections HAR §13-275-6(b) or §13-264-6(b); WHEREAS, for the purposes of identification and evaluation under HAR §13-275, the Historic Bridge List will be based on the most-current, interagency agreed-upon HDOT statewide historic bridge inventory, which at the time of this MOU is the 2013 Hawaii State Historic Bridge Inventory and Evaluation with 2024 updates; WHEREAS,the HDOT and the DLNR agree that transportation projects identified as Tiered Activities in the Agreement are considered those with"No adverse effect" on historic properties in accordance with NHPA Section 106; THEREFORE,the HDOT and DLNR agree to a finding of"No historic properties affected" under HAR §13-275 for the Section 106 "No Adverse Effect" projects implemented in accordance with the Agreement and waive the requirement to consult and obtain SHPO concurrence for the project under HRS §6E-8, and that this MOU shall govern compliance with HRS §6E-7 and 8 until the Agreement expires or is terminated. STIPULATIONS I. REVIEW AND MODIFICATION A. Upon request DLNR may monitor activities carried out pursuant to this MOU. The HDOT shall cooperate with the monitoring activities. Should monitoring indicate that the project should have been submitted to the DNLR for review, HDOT will amend the project schedule to allow the DLNR to complete its review pursuant to 6E-8 HRS and given written concurrence to proceed. B. Should a dispute occur between the DLNR and the HDOT as to whether a project falls within the MOU the DLNR will take the matter under advisement, consult with legal counsel, and issue a written determination as to the applicability of the MOU within 30 calendar days. DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Attachment 3 -MOU Regarding HRS 6E Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program 2 January 2, 2025 C. Either party to this MOU may propose its termination. This shall be done in writing, along with an explanation of the reasons. The parties shall be given 30 calendar days to the seek alternatives to termination. Should the consultation fail, the MOU is dissolved. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this instrument to be duly executed on the day, month, and year indicated. CHAIR DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES By: Date: Its STATE OF HAWAI'I DIRECTOR OF TRANSPORTATION By: Date: Its DIRECTOR DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS, COUNTY OF HAWAI'I By: Date: Its DIRECTORDEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS, COUNTY OF MAUI By: Date: Its DIRECTOR, CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU By: Date: Its DIRECTOR DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS, COUNTY OF KAUA'I By: Date: Its DRAFT FINAL Programmatic Agreement for the Attachment 3 -MOU Regarding HRS 6E Hawai`i Historic Bridge Program 3 January 2, 2025