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IMPORTANCE OF THE AREA&MAUKA MAKAI CORRIDOR "In the region traditionally known as Hilo Paliku-Hilo of the upright cliffs (now known as North Hilo),the lowland region in places like Waipunalei, Laupahoehoe and Maulua, extending from the shore to around the 3,000 foot elevation, supported residential and agricultural activities, spanning centuries of Hawaiian residency. The upper forest regions ...were frequented by travelers, collectors of natural resources, and for a wide range of cultural practices".... "A system of trails, running mauka-makai (between mountains and shore), a near-shore trail (the ala loa), and trails skirting the upper forest region were established as well. By the time of westerners recording travel between the shore of Laupahoehoe and the upper mountain lands,the Laupahoehoe-Waipunalei Trail had become the primary route of travel, with other trails only known to native residents of the land." (Hilo Paliku-Kepa Maly 2006, Page18) Along with Laupahoehoe point, Ka`awali`i beach was a coastal nexus of freshwater supply,lowland farming,fishing and ocean e.- ; access for sustenance with the Waipunalei trail,the primary _ mauka-makai corridor that connected the coastal Ala Loa to the forests and uplands of Humu`ula Ahupua`a, Kaohe and Mauna Kea.As seen in this 1$59 map it was also a"shortcut" "from Hilo/Laupahoehoe to Waimea and port of Kawaihae (see. x V u A •.. Ka`awali`i gulch is sited at the boundary of Waipunalei Ahupua`a in this 1875 map,it's smaller land division of Kahoahuna/Pa`ana not noted. The Waipunalei trail runs up q the plateau, allowing fish, maia,kalo, sweet potatoes etc to go upland to Mauna Kea, and adze,birds, and the famed koa of its Umm- - slopes for canoes, etc to go down to the shore for village& Ffgure$ Rmdsaird Traflaafft Flawal'lftland Me nfalnlands wider island needs. Humu'ula is named for a type of stone (red (Pacdfts Commerdal Aavertfser,Fewuary 17,1559) jasper) used to make ko'i or adze.This thoroughfare and significant resources shaped island history, as Kepa Maly details in several in-depth historical studies of the area cited throughout this document. "The Waipunalei-Laupahoehoe and`Umikoa trails also .. . .•r �- converge in Ka`ohe Ahupua`a and run up to the summit of Mauna Kea. It was via this trail that ceremonial z - pilgrimages were made, that adze makers traveled to the Keanakako`i quarries, and that travel to the upper mountain lands was done to accomplish personal `< family matters—such as the burial of loved ones and the hiding of the piko (umbilical cords) of newborn children. Elder kama`aina recall that through the early ` ! 1900s, Hawaiians traveled to selected areas of the Hilo _ and Hamakua forests to search out trees adequate for canoes to be used in fishing." (Hilo Paliku-Maly, Page 32) "From the time of`Umi (ca. 1520), through the time of Kamehameha I's battles (ca. 1780s-1790s), the rich koa forests were frequented by canoe makers under chiefly v::.;K H.U. and priestly direction, and great fleets of canoes were made to supply the needs of the chiefs in their efforts to build their kingdoms." Fpun ir.neuexen dArper N.p ne.ew-lane d wayumrr p.mYenwx,i� =.row�46L02 ,,..,, 3