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Chapter 9:Hazard Analysis—Tsunamis <br /> TcteLPhmdVelu 4516M-4-9E Pe"n4eoff 75-1009, <br /> IL&6M-5 AM 'lbtal l'BM Value O 70-74% <br /> LmuSLUe mphonc] 334M-IMM (raiowoD? pdons)in c 25-49% <br /> in 7suoeoii- o IL-04K Tzuoomd-U�uadan o 1-'A4' <br /> Evacuation Zone 0 pone 0% <br /> aW— -, <br /> un �0 <br /> ra. <br /> U.—Pi ' " . i <br /> P3'� <br /> ]..Ii Y. Orv.• ;..140 <br /> `J <br /> Figure 9-13.Results of USGS tsunami vulnerability study <br /> 9.5 Mitigation Strategies <br /> 9.5.1 Previous/Current Efforts <br /> 9.5.1.1 Deep-ocean Assessnient and Reporting of Tsunainis (DART) <br /> When a tsunami event occurs, the first information available about the source of the tsunami <br /> is based only on the available seismic information for the earthquake event. As the tsunami <br /> wave propagates across the ocean and successively reaches the DART systems, these <br /> systems report sea level information measurements back to the Tsunami Warning Centers, <br /> where the information is processed to produce a new and more refined estimate of the <br /> tsunami source. The result is an increasingly accurate forecast of the tsunami that can be used <br /> to issue watches,warnings or evacuations. <br /> Over the past 20 years, NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) has <br /> identified the requirements of the tsunami measurement system through evolution in both <br /> technology and knowledge of deep ocean tsunami dynamics. The tsunami forecasting <br /> technology developed at PMEL is based on the integration of realtime measurements and <br /> modeling technologies, a well-tested approach used in most hazard forecast systems. <br /> Developed by PMEL and deployed operationally by NOAA's National Data Buoy Center <br /> (NDBC), DART is essential to fulfilling NOAA's national responsibility for tsunami hazard <br /> mitigation and warnings. <br /> Design: The first-generation DART design featured an automatic detection and reporting <br /> algorithm triggered by a threshold wave-height value. The DART II design incorporated two- <br /> way communications that enables tsunami data transmission on demand, independently of <br /> the automatic algorithm; this capability ensures the measurement and reporting of tsunamis <br /> with amplitude below the auto-reporting threshold. <br /> 9-14 Hawaii County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan <br />