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Chapter 18:Risk Assessment <br /> effective public education program ensures a calm, organized, and efficient response to the <br /> warnings. <br /> The County currently has 68 sirens and 12 simulators in operation around the island. Simula- <br /> tors provide a signal to manned stations where personnel are utilized to disperse the warning, <br /> these are shown in Figure 18-9. Sirens have an effective average range of one-half mile. <br /> Sirens are critical for populated coastal areas for tsunami warnings. Figure 18-8 shows the <br /> deficiencies in the coverage of coastal areas. <br /> I <br /> • <br /> p <br /> • <br /> • <br /> ,t:' • <br /> t. <br /> - Civil Defense Sirens with 1/2 Mile Buffer <br /> Figure 18-8. Civil Defense Warning Sirens and Evacuation Routes <br /> 18-22 Hawaii County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan <br />