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Chapter 22:Glossary <br /> Process Mitigation-Indirect mitigation activities that lead to policies,practices and projects <br /> that reduce risk. They include efforts to assess hazards,vulnerability and risk; conduct <br /> planning to identify projects,policies and practices and set priorities; educate decision- <br /> makers and build constituencies and political will; and to facilitate the selection, design, <br /> funding and construction of projects. <br /> Project Mitigation -Project mitigation includes measures to avoid or reduce damage <br /> resulting from hazard events. They include projects to elevate, acquire and/or relocate <br /> buildings, lifelines and structures threatened by floods, strengthen buildings to resist <br /> earthquake or wind forces, and to improve drainage and land conditions. <br /> Rehabilitation-Action undertaken in the weeks or months following a disaster to restore <br /> basic services which enable life in the region to return to normality. However, it should be <br /> recognized that normality also gave rise to a disaster. Therefore,the term can be equated with <br /> vulnerability, and there is thus a need to advance from the status quo towards post-disaster <br /> improvements. <br /> Relief-Attention to immediate and basic needs of disaster survivors. These needs include <br /> food, clothing, shelter, and medical or emotional care. In the case of fast-impact disasters <br /> such as floods, earthquakes or cyclones,this process is directed at saving lives and alleviating <br /> further suffering. <br /> Risk-Potential losses associated with a hazard, defined in terms of expected probability and <br /> frequency, exposure, and consequences. Risk is therefore the product of specific risk and <br /> elements at risk;the convolution of the probability hazard,vulnerability(or fragility), and <br /> asset exposure. <br /> Risk Assessment-A process or method for evaluating risk associated with a specific hazard <br /> and defined in terms of probability and frequency of occurrence,magnitude and severity, <br /> exposure, and consequences. <br /> Shadow Prices -If a market in a good is not perfectly competitive,then market prices will <br /> not reflect the opportunity costs of that good. The price of the good, as corrected to equal its <br /> opportunity cost, is termed its shadow price. <br /> Vulnerability-The susceptibility to physical injury,harm, damage, or economic loss. <br /> 22-4 Hawaii County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan <br />