Kapulena Hamakua EA PBR Final TMK No. 4-7-005 and 006

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KAPULENA AGRICULTURAL PARK FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT lack of midden and habitation remains commonly recovered at habitation sites. The radiocarbon date recovered from test units (where burnt wood matter and charred materials were found) suggest a pre- Contact date for use of the platform. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures No further archaeology work is recommended for 16 of the 17 sites. Information recorded during the current study has adequately ascertained the timing and function of all features at all 16 sites. The sites are associated with Historic -era sugarcane field clearing and pre- Contact temporary habitation. Data recovery is recommended at the multi -tier platform at SITE 28385 to further refine the temporal association of the feature and to determine the platform's function. The platform has been badly impacted by sugarcane field clearing, only partially remains and is in poor condition. Only a small amount of charcoal was recovered from one test unit during subsurface testing. While a single radiocarbon sample returned a possible late pre- Contact Era to early post- Contact Era data range, additional radiocarbon samples are recommended to be obtained. It is possible based on a small amount of surface artifacts that the platform is a historic sugarcane structure built for loading or processing cane. However, the amount of labor expended to build the structure is uncommonly great compared to sugarcane features documented at other sugar plantation sites. Data recovery is recommended to answer these remaining research questions. The agricultural park involves returning land to agricultural production. It is expected agricultural activities will resume on lands that were previously cleared and used for cultivation of sugar cane. However, care should be taken to avoid impacts to pre- Contact era temporary habitation sites (which are all located in close proximity to stream gulches, and unlikely to be cultivated). Additionally, special care should be taken to avoid any impacts to the pre- Contact era site that is possible remnants of a heiau. The site should not be cleared for land cultivation until additional archaeological testing is accomplished. Similarly, until additional archaeological testing is accomplished, if grazing is proposed for this area, the archaeological site should be protected by fencing. Proposed mitigation is avoidance of pre- Contact era temporary habitation sites and avoidance of the possible heiau site. 4.2 CULTURAL RESOURCES A Cultural Impact Assessment (CIA) in conformance with Act 50 of the State of Hawaii (2000) was conducted in order to identify and address effects of the proposed action on Hawai`i's culture as well as traditional and customary rights and is included as Appendix D to this report. Preparation of the CIA followed the guidelines provided by the Office of Environmental Quality in 1997. This included documenting methods for selection of informants and agencies interviewed: following ethnographic interview procedures; reviewing historical materials; and, an analysis of the potential effects of the proposal on cultural resources. The CIA found that two Land Commission Awards were made within the project area. One half of Malanahae Ahupua`a was awarded to Simeona Luluhiwalani (LCA 4: B, R.P. 7825). Two `apana (LCA 9971: A and B) in Waikoloa ahupua`a were awarded to William Pitt Leleihoku. There is no descriptive information given for Leleihoku's two `apana in Waikoloa ahupua`a. Luluhiwalani states in his claim in Malanahae that his right to the land was acquired when: 4 -3