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Many older adults experience challenges in daily living due to chronic illness or disability. According to <br />the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 80% of older adults have one chronic <br />condition, and 50% have at least two. The CDC also states that infectious diseases (including influenza <br />and pneumococcal disease) and injuries (often due to fall) disproportionately affect older adults. <br />Physical and health related conditions can lead to difficulties that restrict the ability to perform basic <br />self-care, or activities of daily living (ADL's) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL's). ADL's <br />include: eating, dressing, bathing, toileting, transferring, and walking. IADL's include: cooking, <br />housekeeping, shopping, managing money, ability to use transportation, medication management, <br />and using the telephone. <br />Figure 10. Percent of 65+ with Health Conditions <br />State of Hawaii <br />100.0% 60.9% <br />0.0% <br />43.9% <br />5.8% 0 3.0% <br />6.7%9.2°419°49% X5.0%7.5%7.6°A- �3.5/� <br />,;4e. <br />�\y �`�'y.. ,,oseN P��r Pyr �O ca�0\a10 ��a��Qa\ <br />Q O e`�� �rto O`' see <br />stir <br />P <br />Source: BRFSS 2012; Hawaii Health Matters.orq <br />Note regarding Pneumonia Vaccination: Pneumococcal pneumonia is a serious condition characterized by high <br />fever, cough, shortness of breath, and meningitis. Because it's the leading cause of vaccine -preventable death and <br />illness in the United States, it is recommended that older adults over 65 get vaccinated. Hawaii county has a much <br />higher number of older adults over 65 getting vaccinated at 68% (BRFSS, 2015)but more can be done to increase <br />vaccinations among older adults in Hawaii county. <br />Figure 11. 65+ with a Disability <br />Hawaii County <br />30.0% - <br />25.0% - <br />20.0% - <br />15.0% - <br />10.0% - <br />5.0% - <br />0.0% - <br />24.4% <br />17.4% <br />• Hearing <br />difficulty <br />• Vision difficulty <br />Cognitive <br />difficulty <br />• Ambulatory <br />difficulty <br />Self -Care <br />difficulty <br />Independent <br />Living difficulty <br />Many older adults experience some level of <br />diminished physical capacity. Visual impairment, <br />reduced motor skills, hearing and memory loss are <br />common in the progression of aging. Many elderly <br />adults live with a comorbidity of physical and <br />health related conditions that make self-care more <br />difficult. Through the Older Americans Act grants <br />and the State's Kupuna Care funding are available <br />for programs that aid in the promotion of <br />independence for those who may be experiencing <br />difficulties in performing activities of daily living <br />and their caregivers. They include: supportive <br />home and community-based services, nutrition <br />programs, disease prevention campaigns, health <br />promotion services, and caregiver support <br />programs. <br />Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2008-2012 American Community Survey 5 -Year Estimates <br />20 <br />