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of an individual to perform normal daily tasks; or (ii) threatens the capacity of the individual to live independently.' The OAA defines "poverty line" as the official poverty line (as defined by the Office of Management and Budget, and adjusted by the Secretary in accordance with section 673(2) of the Community Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 9902(2)).4 In each OAA reauthorization, Congress has provided further guidance and expansion on this targeting expectation. For example, in 1992, Congress required state agencies on aging to set goals for area agencies to provide services to low-income minority individuals and provide assurances that they would undertake specific program and outreach efforts to meet those needs .5 In 2000, the reauthorization added focus on older individuals residing in rural areas. In 2006, Congress added, in a number of places, that state and area agencies should recognize the language needs of older individuals with limited English proficiency. The OAA currently specifies for state and area agencies on aging (AAA) a fairly long list of groups to be targeted. For example, with regard to outreach in both state and area plans, it requires the plans to provide assurances that the state/area agencies will use outreach that will identify older persons in particular target groups and inform them of available services. Area plans for example, must: (4) (B) provide assurances that the area agency on aging will use outreach efforts that will— (i) identify individuals eligible for assistance under this Act, with special emphasis on— (I) older individuals residing in rural areas; (II) older individuals with greatest economic need (with particular attention to low-income minority individuals and older individuals residing in rural areas); (II1) older individuals with greatest social need (with particular attention to low-income minority individuals and older individuals residing in rural areas); (IV) older individuals with severe disabilities; (V) older individuals with limited English proficiency; (VI) older individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related disorders with neurological and organic brain dysfunction (and the caretakers of such individuals); and (VII) older individuals at risk for institutional placement; and (ii) inform the older individuals referred to in subclauses (I) through (VI) of clause (i), and the care- takers of such individuals, of the availability of such assistance.? All levels of the aging network—from the Administrator for Community Living/Assistant Secretary for Aging to each local provider—must adhere to these targeting requirements. At the federal level for example, targeting requirements are included in the role of ACL/AoA in providing training and TA to states, AAAs and providers and in evaluation of programs and services under the Act.' Greater Targeting Requirements Specific t® Legal Services As noted, the targeting directive for legal assistance is even greater than for other OAA services. This is because of all the services defined in the Act, only "legal assistance" includes as part of the definition itself, a 42 U.S.C. §3002(23)-(24)(2016). 42 U.S.0 §3002(43)(2016). Older Americans Act Amendments of 1992, Pub. L. No. 102-375, §305(a)(2)(G)(1-iii) 106 Stat. 1222 (1992) See for example provisions re Limited English at: 42 U.S.C. §3025(a)(1)(E), §3026(a)(1), §3026(a)(4)(A) (2016). (42 U.S.C. §3026(a)(4)(11)(2016)). Similar language about State Plans is at 42 U.S.C.§3027(x)(16) 2016, with the exception that older individuals at risk of institutional placement are not mentioned. 42 U.S.C. §3017(a), §3018(a)(1) and (c), (2016). Issue Brief 2