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The North Kohala Hawaiian Railroad officially started in Mahukona Harbor (now Beach Park) and follows <br />the coastline up and around to Niulii (See Map 1). This was the very first railroad for the Hawaiian <br />Kingdom and once operated as a passenger, freight, sugar cane, and mail carrier for the Hawaiian <br />Kingdom and later, exclusively for the sugar plantations. While popular opinion remembers the railroad <br />Iviap 1 Historic North Kohala Hawaiian Hailroad <br />SC^LE IN MILES <br />o i 3 <br />as one exclusive to the shipping of <br />sugar cane, the original alignment <br />did not go to the sugar mills, and <br />included the transport of <br />passengers, mail, and government <br />workers. This report will examine <br />the intent of the railroad act, and <br />how the development of the <br />railroad spurred change for North <br />Kohala. The report will also examine <br />whether or not the railroad <br />alignment falls under public <br />jurisdiction as a trail, and provides <br />recommendations for further <br />actions. <br />To best understand the public trails <br />system in the Hawaiian Islands and <br />how trails are selected and opened <br />to the public, it is essential to <br />understand pertinent laws that <br />protect public access, trails, and <br />roads. The Highways Act of 1892, <br />approved by Queen Liliuokalani, <br />forms the basis of our public <br />infrastructure. The Highways Act of <br />1892 determined that the <br />ownership of all public highways <br />and the land, real estate and <br />property of the same, shall be in the <br />From North Kohala Community Development Plan, 2008 Hawaiian Government in fee <br />simple'. The definition of a public <br />highway includes all existing trails at the time "or hereafter opened, laid out or built by the Government, <br />or by private parties, and dedicated or abandoned to the public as a highway, are hereby declared to be <br />' Referenced from: https://dinr.hawaii.gov/recreation/files/2013/09/Highways-Act-Summarv.pdf, Ancient, <br />Historic, and Old Government Trails and Roads in Hawaii. A Summary of Pertinent Law and the Act itself, <br />Referenced from: http://Punawaiola.org/es6/index.html?path=/Collections/Laws/Session Lawsl892001.pdf <br />K <br />