HomeMy WebLinkAboutRES 166 Draft 01 2020-2022i
WHEREAS, on October 21, 1972 the Marine Mammal Protection Act ("MMPA") was
enacted to protect all marine mammals and prohibit, with certain exceptions, the "take" of
marine mammals in United States waters and by United States citizens on the high seas; and
WHEREAS, Congress passed the MMPA in response to increasing concerns among
scientists and the public that significant declines in some species of marine mammals were
caused by human activities; and
WHEREAS, the MMPA established a national policy to prevent marine mammal species
from declining beyond the point where they ceased to be significantly functioning elements of
their ecosystems; and
WHEREAS, in implementing the MMPA, the NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service
is responsible for the protection of dolphins while the Marine Mammal Commission provides
independent, science -based oversight of domestic and international policies and actions of
federal agencies addressing human impacts on marine mammals and their ecosystems; and
WHEREAS, in 1994 the MMPA was substantially amended, which included a statutory
definition of the term "harassment" as a prohibited activity meaning "any act of pursuit, torment,
or annoyance, which has the potential to injure a marine mammal or marine mammal stock in the
wild; or has the potential to disturb a marine mammal or marine mammal stock in the wild by
causing disruption of behavioral patterns, including, but not limited to, migration, breathing,
nursing, breeding, feeding, or sheltering"; and
WHEREAS, on August 24, 2016, NOAA published a proposed rule entitled "Protective
Regulations, for Hawaiian Spinner .Dolphins Under the Marine Mammal Protection Act" to
prohibit swimming with and approaching a Hawaiian Spinner Dolphin within fifty yards (45.7
m) for persons, vessels, and objects, including approach by interception; and
WHEREAS, NOAA Fisheries conducted six public hearings on the proposed rule to
collect oral testimony, including two hearings on Hawaii Island in September 2016 with a
public comment period that ended on October 23, 2016; and
WHEREAS, NOAA fisheries extended the public comment period, providing the public
with additional time to submit information and comment on the proposed rule by December 1,
2016 deadline; and
WHEREAS, since the close of the extended comment period, this critical rule has not yet
been finalized or published; and
WHEREAS, while final publication of the proposed rule remains pending, the easily
accessible and predictable Hawaiian Spinner Dolphins continue to endure increasing pressures
from wildlife viewing tours, self -guided tourists, residents, and participants in spiritual retreats
who seek opportunities to interact and view Hawaiian Spinner Dolphins during their normal
resting periods throughout the day; and
WHEREAS, scientific evidence reflects that concerning changes to the behavioral
patterns of Hawaiian Spinner Dolphins, such as increase in swimming speeds, aerial behavior,
and avoidance, occur when they are closely approached by vessels and swimmers; and
WHEREAS, the industry of viewing Hawaiian Spinner Dolphins in Hawaii is prevalent
and increasing dramatically in West Hawaii, and now includes aggressive underwater,
motorized, and tracking methods to view and chase these precious Dolphins, exacerbating
impacts to their behavioral patterns; and
WHEREAS, the Kai Kuleana Network, formed in 2013, is comprised of fifteen West
Hawaii communities that are actively engaged in place -based conservation for people and nature
to thrive and solution -oriented actions focused on `aina momona (healthy vibrant places) in each
community; and
WHEREAS, the Kai Kuleana Network has expressed opposition to the proposition made
by individuals or businesses that personal interaction with or tour viewing operations of
Hawaiian Spinner Dolphins are justified because of cultural or religious practice, further
asserting that these types of aggressive activities are not of the Native Hawaiian culture, tradition
or religion and constitute harassment of the animals (see Exhibit "A" attached hereto); and
WHEREAS, the delay in publishing the proposed rule has hindered the ability to enforce
and address impacts, respond to citizen concerns, report potential violations, investigate, and
issue citations while imposing an undue burden upon enforcement officers whose duties have
been extremely challenging and, often times, futile during the interim before the regulation is
finalized; now, therefore,
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE COUNTY OF HAWAII that it
respectfully urges the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to promptly finalize
and issue its publication of proposed rule "Protective Regulations For Hawaiian Spinner
Dolphins tinder the Marine Mammal Protection Act" (federal register document citation: 81 FR
57854; docket number: NOAA-2005-0226).
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BE IT FINALLY RESOLVED that the County Clerk shall transmit a copy of this
resolution to the Honorable Senator Brian Schatz; Honorable Senator Mazie K. Hirono;
Honorable Representative Ed Case; Honorable Representative Kaiali`i Kahele; Ann Garrett,
NOAA Assistant Regional Administrator — Pacific Island Regional Office, Protected Resources
Division; Martina Sagapolu, NOAA Assistant Director — Pacific Islands Division, Office of Law
Enforcement; Adam Kurtz, NOAA Protected Species Management Specialist; Honorable
Governor David Y. Ige; Suzanne Case, Chairperson, State of Hawaii Department of Land and
Natural Resources; Honorable Ronald D. Kouchi, Hawaii State Senate President; Honorable
Scott K. Saiki, Speaker of the State of Hawaii House of Representatives; all members of the
Hawaii Island delegation to the State Legislature; and the mayors of all counties in the State of
Hawaii.
Dated at Kona , Hawai`i, this 21st day of July , 2021 .
COUNTY COUNCIL
County of Hawaii
Hilo, Hawaii
I hereby certify that the foregoing RESOLUTION was by
the vote indicated to the right hereof adopted by the COUNCIL of the
County of Hawaii on July 21, 2021
ATTEST:
3
ROLL CALL VOTE
Reference: C..—K6.1Waived RA1kTEMC _
RESOLUTION NO. 166 21-
AYES NOES ABS EX
CHUNG
X
DAVID
X
INABA
X
KANEALI`I-KLEINFELDER
X r
KIERKIEWICZ
X
KIMBALL
X
LEE LOY
—X
RICHARDS
X
VILLEGAS
X
9 0 0 0
Reference: C..—K6.1Waived RA1kTEMC _
RESOLUTION NO. 166 21-
;
PO Box 10 6
Kamuela, H 96743
April 5'h, 2021
David Aku Carruthers
1845 Wasp Blvd Bldg. 176
Honolulu, HI 96818
Re: Human interactions with nai'a (dolphins), kohol5
(whales), hZilidlua (mantas) and manb (sharks) in West
Hawaii
am
The Kai Kuleana Network would like to comment on
culturally appropriate human interactions with nai'a
(dolphins), kohold (whales), h5halua (mantas) and mann
(sharks) in West Hawaii. The Kai Kuleana Network formed
in 2013 and is composed of 15 communities in West Hawaii,
from South Kona to North Kohala, that are actively engaged
in place -based conservation for people and nature to thrive,
and collectively supports efforts to engage in solution -
oriented actions to focus on 'dina momona (healthy vibrant
places with engaged communities) in each community.
We would like to thank the enforcement officers with the
State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources
and National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration with their increased efforts recently to
enforce regulations, including the Marine Mammal
Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 1361), to protect nai'a, kohold,
h5hdlua and mann from harassment by humans. Harassment
includes any act of pursuit, torment, or annoyance that could
injure the animals or disrupt their normal behavioral
patterns. we would also like to commend those law abiding
individuals and businesses that share the oceans with aloha (love) and malama (care).
It has come to our attention that some individuals or businesses are proposing that the
interactions they are encouraging through commercial tour operations or personal interactions
are justified by cultural or religious practice, and we would like to express our opposition to that
Active Members., Jeffrey Coakley, Kauhola - Diane Makaala Kaneali'i, Blossom Pualani Lincoln
Maielua, HonokoalKailapa - George Robertson, Puak6 - Pii Loeba, Francis Ruddle, Kolabuipuaa -
Ku'ulei Keakealani, KTholo - Hannah Kihalani Springer, Leina'ala Lightner, Ka'0pdlehu/K0kio t, Reggie
Lee, Kohanaiki , Malia Kipapa, PC7hoehoe1Kaholu'u1Keauhou a Krista Johnson and Charles Leslie,
iVC7po'opo'ol*Keolakektia,,,Hoi7aiiiiait Charles Young, Hookena , Ka'imi Kaupiko, Miloli7
Kai Kuleuma Network- West Bawai^i Island
position. The communities represented bythe Kai Quleananetwork would like to convey that
these types ofinteractions ooustdu0cbar000nlerUofthcsean(rnuJmandinnot aHawaiian cultural
or traditional religious practice in West Hawai'i.
We have collectively witnessed thousands of incidents over the years where individuals and
commercial operators are violating these laws, eypcoia||v related tnnui'a(do)pbinm),even after
being warned and cited. Over the past few years, there has been asharp incline inthese incidents
concurrent with the increasing numbers of tourists and new marine -based businesses that
encourage and support this inappropriate behavior. This is significant, as a single disturbance
may seem inconsequential, but nearshore pods frequently experience chronic disturbances
throughout the day from cornnoenuiu| dolphin tours and recreational viewers. Dolphin researchers
have documented that these pods are engaged by swimmers and boaters over 82% of the time
they are present inour waters during the day .
We would like to share our position that there is no Hawaiian indigenous Cultural nor religious
practice.
past or present, that allows o,encourages interactions between humans and mu'othat
involves touching, swimming with or alongside, following, orpursuing these
oni,ou|m. The onlY occasion where direct interaction may be appropriate is when a recognized
cultural practitioner, working with federal and state agency partners, assists with a stranding or
responds tmu pnLunha| injury or death o[aprotected marine species, following strict cultural
protocols. There are some cultural pnucdoos involving ouun6(whod«a) but again, these are done
under strict guidance of indigenous practioners and is not something taught to the general public.
luaddition, these interactions that constitute harassment pose significant safety risks to
as it is a common practice by commercial operators to have guests snorkeling in large groups
v/bi|o the boat operators engine is on, resulting in dangerous boating operations that may result in
injury to those inthe water.
Thank you for the efforts 6vyour agencies tuuphmldthe regulations in place to,safeguard these
animals from harassment, and the opportunity toshare our perspectives from the communities in
West Hawai'i.
'Omakounaomcko^oia'i'o,
Signed onbehalf ofthe Kai KubunuNetwork bvlineal descendants and representativesfrmm
Miboio^Ko|upa(Hnookwn)'Ku`Op5|dhu,Qfiki^o,P5hocboe,Kuho|u"u`Keaubmu,Kcalokekue+
'Vla 11 a K � pace
Ka'imi Kaupiko
Pa'a Pono & Kalanihale
Hmiiah Kibalam Springer
Kama-dilla of Ka-flpfllehu, Kona -Akau
Ku'ulei Keakealaru
Lineal Desc-nidwil of Kekaba, North Kona
Cultural Duccror
Hut Aloha Kiholc,
10
Af"Im- d1aha Amalo
Diane and Roger Kanealii, Jr
Kawaihae, Hawaii
Kai Kuleana Network- West Hawai'i Island
Chayba Yoting
KUPA Triend> of Ho okezaa Base: Pa: -k
PUWMX� Or
:HO*'OKCMA EWACHFARX
HWAXI
3
tic hael JOSatto pa rpt, NOAA Regional Administrator
NOAA General Counsel
Nlarlina,s NOAA Office of Law Enforcement- Pacific Islands Division, Assistant Director
'N!1n, tita�igov, NOAA Protected Species
-
Dj\ NOAA Enforcement Officer
DLNR Chair
,L,kK!L.k, redy I fare I i'hawqji,gpt. DOCAR131 Flafbrcement Division Chief
"haleaii � DAR Admistrator
DLNR State Parks Administrator
mni,kUr17.&qqaa,gm, NOAA Marine Life Coordinator
Mayor Hawaii County
...........
41' '16C4 o�, Director Hawaii Parks and Recreation
paks re _)u n 1�1, —I,--,'