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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0136.049 2022-2024 bill t( From: Heidi White Sent: Saturday, May 13, 2023 5:20 PM To: Council Testimony e w Subject: Opposition to stop the $1.5M Lako St Extension, 1982 State study of sacred lands at this location Attachments: Keolonahihi study, Kamoa point.pdf Aloha Planning, My name is Heidi White. I am a resident of this area and on Alii Drive for the past 40 years. My children and grandchildren have been and are growing up here. I strongly oppose this $1.5M funding of the Lako Street extension because it lands exactly at the most historic location for this part of Hawaii Island and the State of Hawaii. I have attached proof of this with my letter. I would like to quote the introduction from a Cultural Resource Management Report for this area, Pu'uhonua 0 Keolonahihi-Kamoa Point (in Holualoa Bay) the site of this roadway development which if passed would increase large amounts of traffic which I hereby oppose because of its negative effect on what is left of Rich Ancient Hawaiian History. I attached this 44 page report to my letter herein. Please read this interesting report! I repeat: this Lako Street extension, which I oppose, is located here at this sacred site and brings congestion and degradation of this precious resource of Hawaiian history! I quote the next 3 paragraphs from this report dated 1982: " In Holualoa Bay in North Kona, Hawaii, about 3 miles south of Kailua-Kona village, an extensive complex of ancient Hawaiian structures lies under dense cover of brush and trees. Known traditionally as Ke-olo-na-hihi, this twelve acre site was acquired by the state of Hawaii to protect and preserve it, and to interpret its cultural significance for the benefit and inspiration of the people. The terrain is largely pahoehoe lava rising from a rocky shoreline interspersed with white coral beaches to a highest elevation of twentyone feet, and its heavily overgrown. The property is distinguished by its abundance of ancient rock walls, platforms, terraces, and pavings covering almost the entire site. Archaeology has consisted of a reconnaissance survey and map verification by the Bishop museum in 1977, a State Parks walk-through survey in 1978 and an appraisal report prepared in 1979." This area on Alii Drive is already today very congested. It cannot handle more traffic to be diverted here. We must preserve the history of this island and the entire state of Hawaii but right now we MUST stop this Lako Extension for the damage it would cause to this area. I urge you all to read this report and realize the treasure which remains here from ancient Hawaii. I have learned from Comm. No. 1 )11LV 1 Ref. To: P I Mail Ref. Date MAY 1 6 2023 Hawaiians that this area was like the main ruling place and has so much history & MANA which is now our responsibility to preserve. The ocean, its sealife, diving and surfing has been enjoyed here for generations. We must protect it. Stop this $1.5M Lako Street Extension! Please do not allocate any funding for a Lako Street extension to Ali'i Drive. Thank you, Heidi White Heidi White, Realtor (S)-57643 Direct: 808-895-4304 Pacific Image Properties, RB-23170 1888 Kalakaua Ave C312 Honolulu, HI 96815 At Home On The Big Island, Hawaii 2 CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT REPORT FOR PUmUHONUA 0 KEOLO AHIHI - KAM,OA POINT" Y' THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE HtLo KAOLUA-=N^ ISLAND OF HAWAII N PREPARED FOR THE DIVISION OF STATE `PAR Sm, OUTDOOR RECREATION AND HISTORIC SITES STATE OF HAWAII DECEMBER 1982 m t STATE OF HAWAII GEORGE R. ARIYOSHI GOVERNOR BOARD OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES SUSUMU ONO, CHAIRMAN J. DOUGLAS INC, OAHU MEMBER STANLEY W. HONG, MEMBER-AT-LARGE ROLAND HIGASHI, HAWAII MEMBER THOMAS Y, YAGI, MAUI MEMBER TAKEO YAMAMOTO, KAUAI MEMBER DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES SUSUMU- ONO, CHAIRMAN EDGAR A. HAMASU, DEPUTY TO THE CHAIRMAN DIVISION OF STATE PARKS, OUTDOOR RECREATION AND HISTORIC SITES ROY K. C. SUE ADMINISTRATOR SEISO KAMIMURA - HAWAII STATE PARK SUPERINTENDENT MARTHA YENT ARCHAEOLOGIST ................ TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION SUMMARY OF RECOWENDATIONS MAPS A. EXISTING SITE CONDITION B. RECENT DISTURBANCES TO SITE C. PHASE I DEVELOPMENT D. DEVELOPMENT DETAILS IV BACKGROUND INFORMATION - HISTORICAL V CONSIDERATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS VI RESOURCES VTI STATEMENT OF THE CHAIRMAN VIII ADJOINING HISTORICAL SITES - EXHIBITS.. INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTIUN On Holualoa Bay in North Kona, Hawaii , about three miles south of Kailua-Kona Village, an extensive complex of ancient Hawaiian structures lies under dense cover of brush and trees. Known traditionally as Ke-olo-na-hihi, this twelve acre site was acquired by the State of Hawaii to protect and preserve it, and to interpret its cultural signi- ficance for the benefit and inspiration of the people. The terrain is largely pahoehoe lava rising from a rocky shoreline interspersed with white coral beaches to a highest elevation of twenty- one feet, and is heavily overgrown. The property is distinguished by its abundance of ancient rock walls, platforms, terraces, and pavings, covering almost the entire site. Archaeology has consisted of a reconnaissance survey and map veri- fication by the Bishop Museum in 1977, a State Parks walk-through survey in 1978, and an appraisal report prepared in 1979. Zoning is V-1.25 Resort/Hotel District. Public utilities presently available are water, electricity and telephone. The property was acquired December 8, 1980, at a cost of $5.4 million, and dedicated February 6, 1981. Until intensive archaeology is conducted, present knowledge of the significance and antiquity of the site rests largely with the oral traditions of the pre-contact Hawaiian People as recorded by 19th century historians, and as conveyed by authorities on Hawaiian lore and genealogies. The site i I s associated with some of the most powerful figures of ancient Hawaii, and was used by Kamehameha I as a sanctuary for his war god. It was a temple for preserving the purity of lineage of the highest-ranking nobility, founded by the priestess Ke-olona-hihi twentytwo generations before Kamehameha at the founding of the dynasty from which Kamehameha was descended. Within the complex was also the residence of Keolonahihi' a mortuary temple, a temple for the martial arts and athletic excellence, a surfing temple, -1- a grandstand terrace for watching surfing, bathing pools, springs, and long houses for canoes and surfboards and feasting. The complex was also used at times as a pl! (sanctuary). To assist the Division of State Parks in preparing a general management plan, the Kamoa Point State Historical Park Advisory Committee was formed, consisting of ten members from interested Federal , State and County agencies, interest groups, and the general public. Meeting throughout 1982, the Committee's objectives were to advise State Parks Staff on, the formulation of a development program, an interpretive program, and a management/maintenance program. $50,0o4.00 in planning funds was made available, $5,000.00 being budgeted for costs of the Committee's effort, and the balance for subsequent planning tasks. The committee found, that it could not address its objectives intelligently or decisively until all available sources of information were exhausted; the information put in context, evaluated, and where possible confirmed; and a reasonably clear interpretation obtained. Valid recommendations seemed possible only if based, on a full 'comprehension of the cultural significance 'of the site. To this end, the information, that had already been gathered by the Friends of Kamoa Point, Inc..Owas augmented by an exhaustive search made throughout the elder members of the community, culminating in a special public forum. Experts in traditional lore and geneology were brought in, and a search was made by the Chairman th:roug,h public archives. -2- slimmAr)v nr PECOMMENDAT IONS SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS A. NEED FOR CONTINUING STUDY' In addition to archaeology, an exhaustive search for records and traditions relating to the site should be conducted by a consultant who knows the Hawaiian language and who can recognize the significance of findings. B. NEED FOR IMMEDIATE PLANNING: 1 . Because adequate security cannot be given to the site in, its present condition, and because the terrain is hazardous to trespassers (a potential liability to the State), the State is urged to begin planning and development as soon as possible. a. To facilitate an early opening, the following recommendations are for a "Phase V development, interpretation, and opera- tion. A continuing program of archaeology and research after the park has opened may reveal new knowledge to sup- port future phases of development. C. kEVELOPMENT: 1 . Sitework and structures: a. All facilities (as well as visitation) should be confined to that area where the historic structures have been destroyed. b. Management/maintenance structures should be concealed from public view. c. Subsequent to archaeology, an on-going (post-opening) program of stabilization of the historic structures is recommended. 2. Landscaping: a. immediate removal or retardation of trees whose roots are destroying historic rock structures. b. Removal of all exotics except for those which may be temporarily useful for shade or concealment. c. Landscaping using only native Hawaiian beach plants and trees, including a hau barrier along AM Drive. d. All archaeology, site work and development should be monitored by an expert in the Kona Hawaiian cultural history. D. INTERPRETATION: 1. A visitor center would include. a. Scale model of the site as it may once have appeared when in use. b. Descriptive graphics. c. A nearby replica of a chiefly dwelling complex. d. A library. . e. A shaded rest area with benches, water, other appropriate facilities. 2. Publications. Visitors would be offered free informative folders. Publication of posters and informative materials for sale to visitors should also be considered. 3. The traditional name for the site is Keolonahihi. Ke-olo-na-hihi should be used in the name of the Park. GE RECOMMENDATIONS: 1 . Management/maintenance responsibility should be transferred to the office of Hawaiian Affairs. 2. A permanent staff augmented by volunteers from the community may be recruited entirely from Kona residents. The on-site residence of a caretaker should be considered. 3. Because the park site was once the center of a much larger complex, the acquisition and preservation of satellite sites such as the residence and temples of Queen Keakealaniwahine should be explored. 4. The State (whether Department of Land and Natural Resources or office of Hawaiian Affairs) , should actively defend the Park site against visual intrusion by new developments in the area, inconformity with Federal and State policies. B. A permanent advisory committee should be appointed to periodical- ly review the prbgress of research, development, operations, as well as, proposals for new programs and projects. 6. Picnicking, camping, or other activities unrelated to the theme , ot this Historical Park should, not be permitted. -3- 0— o4 .00 C6 ILD CM Z .�4 0 0 v ias rCb 44 0 1 t x AoV01,1,4 '0 4 r c�4 m In b4 t w tm- 09 1,tm h 0 m 1 0 010 wr 4jj JJ :3 m 40 a 4, 0 .4 ,4 0 u 10 Esc W.Ea X M OA 0 Lnzuj OW 0:c; 0 ► > ir cr aT aW go 01\ -.WON —Ift P-;� ► # U. NIP I MAP A rr EXISTING SITE W 'w "r t, e� r " re w� d aY` r r 9 s' w ti 3 s ✓° '� i� w wM1 w �ti d ► A r � m 6 � { l; s � ti MAP 8 ` RECENT DISTURBANCES TO SITE D DEVELOPMENT DE II '. a,✓� '�Vic.,,' �w u��.� sir sc*1 WTS. CoNcxALep 154 VOCK0� $, Fwm Au*l mye IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT DURING THE FIRST PHASE OF PARC OPERATION VISITORS SHOULD BE RESTRICTED FROM THE AREA OF HISTORIC REMAINS UNTIL THAT AREA CAN BE FULLY STUDIED AND STABILIZED. ONLY THEN CAN A PLAN FOR VISITOR ACCESS BE INTELLIGENTLY DEVISED. IN THE MEANTIME, VISITORS MAY VIES THE ENTIRE SITE FROM A VIEWING LANAI , AND COMPARE IT WITH A SCALE MODEL I '6 SMALL PAVILLION. INTERPRETIVE GRAPHICS ARE CLUSTERED ABOVE THIS SCALE MODEL. THESE MAY BE BACKLIGHTED FROM A SKYLIGHT. NEAR THE PAVILLICN IS 4N REPLICA OF A CHIEFLY DWELLING. FOR, SERIOUS STUDENTS, AN ARCHIVE OF INFORMATION .MAY .BE INCLUDED IN THE P'A'RK MANAGEMENT FACILITY.. BACKGROUND INFORMATION BACKGROUND INFORMATION In ancient Hawaii only those nobles of the highest status as fixed at birth by lineage were entitled to rule. it was believed that, only those who ruled by divine right could attract divine power (maria) from the gods, power that was vital to the prosperity and security of the entire community. The key to understanding the importance of the Keolonahiihi complex is found in this Polynesian concept. Gods were ancestral to mankind; only 21ii (nobility) of the highest rank, most directly descended from the highest gods, could serve as conduits for divine power. If an alij of insufficient lineage were accepted as a ruler through a genealogical error, the beneficial flow of mana would be stopped with disastrous results for all . Thus it was a matter of paramount concern to all that the lineage of the ruling Alii be kept pure, and this purity could be maintained only by absolute certainty about the identity of the father of each high- born child. founded at the very It appears that this temple of genealogy was unded beginning of the traditi.Qnal ruling dynasty of Hawaii. Twenty-two genera- tions before Kamehameha (perhaps eight centuries ago) the, mighty voyaging priest Palao, arrived from the South Pacific island of Havaii (now Ra' iatea, near Tahiti). Havai 'i had become a powerful center of cultural change, a 11vatican" from which high-status adventurers burst out, exploring in all directions, and conquering many islands that had already been settled by earlier Polynesian discoverers. Palao determined that no alii in these northern island had pedigrees of sufficient rank to be entitled as rulers. He sailed back to Havaii (a voyage of approximately 2,800 miles each way), enlisted pili Kalaiea, a prince of the most royal blood; then sailed north again — very likely with a fleet of some size and force — and installed Pili as ruler and founder of the dynasty from which all sub- sequent rulers were descended. -I- Palao was without question the most powerful missionary in Hawaii 's history, bringing a revised form of Polynesian religion and a highly stratified social organization. Here begins the courtly history of ancient Hawaii , the traditions of the earlier inhabitants probably being ob- scured by waves of "Tahitian" immigration. Hawaii was surely named after the Havai 'i or Hawai ' i that was the ancient name for Ral'iatea. Similarly, Hawaii 's northern point, Upolu, carries the old name for the isle now called Taha'a at the northern end of the Raliatea lagoon. It is said that Pa'ao built the great heiau (temples) of Mo'okini at Upolu Point and Wahaula. in Puna, cornerstones of the new religion. The: cornerstone of the ruling dynasty was the heiau complex at Kamoa Point, built by Paao"s daughter (or niece) Keolonahihi . Here marriages among the highest rank of nobility could be consummated in the privacy of a sacred house within a tabu estate guarded all around by chiefly witnesses. Here brides could be kept in guarded seclusion until pregnancy occurred. Then when the royal mother gave birth there could be noc-halltngeto - or uncertainty about - the paternal identity. Ka Lae o Kamoa (Kamoa Point) metaphorically means "'the promontory of the young warriors". Along the southern side of the complex lies Kane-ka-hei-lani heiau ("A" - Map "A"),said to have been built by Aka, husband of Keolonahih,i , a master of warfare. This heiau was dedicated to the physical and mental training of warriors. Here a large level area, much of it filled with rock and with a few remaining areas oftheoriginal pebble paving, is enclosed by massive walls. In its center is the rock platform which is said to have supported the house of the priests, and at the mauka end is a raised terrace with holes which once held images and which may have functioned as the heiau proper. -2- CONSIDERATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE DEVELOPMENT PLAN INTERPRETIVE PLAN MANAGEMENT/MAINTEN`IANCE PLAN VISUAL INTRUSION It seems that at various times in its history some areas of the complex functioned as Ru_�Onua, places of refuge to which fugitives could escape and be saved from being put to death or taken captive. It was indeed a sanctuary for the feathered image representing Ku-ka' ili-moku, the war god of Kamehameha, I. This was kept in the very center of the complex in a house called Ka' ili built on a rock platform (11" - Map "A") . The Hale o ke Kupua was a mortuary temple ("M" - Map "A") , where the remains of dead, chiefs were prepared for burial . The flesh was removed from the bones and deposited out at sea, and the cleaned bones were encased in twined caskets and interred elsewhere. Hale Wam6 ("E" - Map"A",)is traditionally believed to have been a s I urfing heiau; but the name Wama (a shoreline crab) was also a term descriptive Of swift young warriors. Hala o Mapuana("N" - Map"A") is an area enclosed by walls which features pools of water once used for bathing and a terrace which once was used as a grandstand, for watching surfing competitions. Also facing the bay are sites which once held houses for storing canoes and surfboards, and a house for feasting and entertainment. The configuration of the ancient canoe landing has been lost along with much of the shoreline area because of the general submergence of the Kona Coast, estimated by geologists to be approximately 16 inches per century. An inspection by the writer of the underwater terrain of the bay suggests that a sandy beach may have once existed here. The sites most closely associated with the priestess Keolonahihi are centrally located within the complex (Map "A") and are said to be her personal heiau for royal women (F), a platform for a 2AIama (women"s house) which seems to have been used for the supervised seclusion of royal maidens or brides (H) , the platform of her hale �La, the house used for seclusion during menstrual periods (G) , and her residential site (recently destroyed) which once existed upon the highest ground within the complex (R) . According to Kekahuna, this central area once extended "200 feet" farther inland, 'but 'has been reduced by construction of the government road, now Alii Drive, from approximately acres to 5 acres. it may have once connected with the large residential and temple complex of the high priestess Keakea-lani-wahine, which now lies directly inland on a parcel of undeveloped privately-owned land. Keakea-lani-wahine was a descendant of Pili Ka'aiea eighteen generations removed, of whom John Papa Vi (1959:159) wrote, 11 . .there was no other chiefess her equal . . .", a woman of such power that she was entitled to offer human sacrifices on the six major Luakini (state temples) on the island of Hawaii , and was the only woman, who ruled the entire island before the establishment Of the Monarchy by Kamehameha I . She founded the dynasty from which all subsequent no' i (kings) of Hawaii claimed descent until the overthrow of the Monarchy in 1893. Moreover, she had the power to invest the power of rulership in others, symbolized by the investiture of the feather sash (Board of Genealogy 1886.8-11) - the same sash now on display at the Bishop Museum. Her power of decision over rank, privilege, and, heraldry marks her as the paramount chiefess of ancient Hawaii , giving tremendous historical importance to the Keolonahihi complex at Samoa Point, This significance was confirmed by Kamehemeha I when he selected the site as sanctuary for his, war god, Ku-kalili-moku, the feathered image which had been carried to his battles. It is now believed by members of the Advisory Committee that the State-owned site is actually the remaining center of what was once a much larger complex, as signified by the satellite relationship of the - ruins of Queen Keakea-lani-wahine's residence and temples inland, and -4- bits of evidence that emerged during a cursory examination of documents in the State archives. Another piece of evidence is the significance of the ancient trail; which terminates just across Alii Drive from the Keolonahihi site. This trail was once a linkage between Kona and Hilo, improved during the 19th century and now known as the "Judd Trail". Many segments of it still exist. Atop, Hualalai on, the cinder plain between the three major mountains it passes the temple of .in Umi . This complex of ancient structures was to Hawaii what Westminster Abbey is to Britain. Although it has, not been sacrosanct since 1820, when the Hawaiian state religion and kapu system were abandoned, by royal decree, it must remain sacred to twenty-eight generations of Hawaiian history. it marks the beginning of the Hawaiian Dynasty with Palao and Keolonabihi , and the beginning of the Monarchy with Kamehameha. its presence must be preserved and improved as tangible evidence of Hawaii 's unique heritage. POLITICAL GAL AND RELIGIOUS LINEAGE OF THE ISLAND OF HAWAI 01 CGi?i PILI KA' A,IEA TO KAME,HAMEHA I KAHUNA NUI +LI ' NUI j pa' aO pili Ka ' aie a Neolon hi.hi , w. KZikohau Kaniuhi Kanipah' Kal Pana Kaha " imoele "a KalaunuiE;hua x aaa°wa ; Kahc ukapu Kauholanuimahu Kih nui.lw lulwoku I1oa umj a1J loa ali ' iZkaloa Kwaka ' lani ,)akakauali.' Iwiauikaua Knikaiwilani Ka k alani, w.` Kalanikaulelilwa , W. K e awe I 1k ekahia1i.' i ekamoku Holoa ' K ' amoktinu wa Kama'k 'lm ku, w. pwa' eau Kalnikupua K ku' i ' apoiwa, W. (2nd w. ) Pai 7 T a i + Pine Kekuhaupio Kahaha I _ _ liwahwnuiM KAMEHAMEHA DYNA M INHERITANCE OF RULIN:G POWER FROM 1:1LGA (Ci-loa lived 17 generations before 1900, or circa 1475 A.D.) Senior Line Junior Line 17 FVeha - LILOA Akahi-a-kuleana HAXAU yapukini . IIJMI-A-LILOA 3-, Brotber-Sister 16 T marriage F--'——— I 15 E-ALI I I_O-RA-'LQA* KEAWE-N131 14 'KU-XA'I-LANI 13 MAKA--=_AL11I Ka iki-lani* - KANAL6A-"A'ANA KE-Z<F_A-LAN I-KANE Brother-Sister marriage 12 1WI_yAU-I-KA-UA Xe-aka Ma haraa 11 Ke-_akea-1 ani-wahine The setting for the struggle for supreme power among the descendants of Ye kealani WI 11 KANALOA-KAPU-LEIM Ke_akea_lzkni-wahi�De KANE-'I KA-I -CANT. (of the. junior line) (grandson of Ka-kub'j-hewa, King of O'ahu) 10 Luno-ma" ka 1. XEAWE-'1-KEKAH1-ALV I Yau-fele -iwi YAUAUA-A-MAHI a-'I-kan- a (Kobala chief) (Maui chiefess) ALAW-1 9 XA-1.ANI_NU1-1I-fA_-HAMAO KE'E-AU-MOXU-NUI =�_Lm�__ w T I F_ = Ke-'ku'i-,apo-iwa 11 KEAWE-IOPALA 8 KA LA -'OPU I TJ Ka 1 ,K�EOUA YIWALA 7 -'O Liliha Xe-kuli-'apo:�iwa 1 11.1/ 6 5 LI Ka- mamalu YATJ' I- -AO-IJLI Ka-lama (KAMEHAMEHA (Subject to Revision) y_110-.,m to be first born NOTE: Rulers underlined, MALES capitalized. --7- THE DEVELOPMENT PLAN The site may be divided into two general areas: that which may not have been disturbed beyond recovery, hereinafter "The Ancient Area"', covers roughly 90% of the surface area; that area which has been destroyed beyond recovery, hereinafter "The Disturbed Area",lies on the northeast corner of the property. The following recommendations are for what is envisioned as a "First Phase"" of development leading to opening the park to visitors. Future phases cannot be envisioned until archaeology and research are completed. A. SITE N'ORK The Committee is opposed to any sitework within the ancient area. Any grading, cutting, filling, or trenching should be confined to the disturbed area. It should be the minimum necessary for park improvement. In addition to the presence of an archaeologist during this work, all site work should be done under the inspection of a local person who is familiar with Kona Hawaiian traditions and historic sites. The most qualified archaeologist cannot be expected to know the subtle nuances of a particular locality and its lore as well as someone who has had lifelong interest and contact with the culture and history of a place. Such a person should be engaged to monitor sitework and all other changes to the site. B. LANDSCAPING T . Of immediate priority is the need to retard the growth of trees and plants which are disturbing the rockwork I in the ancient area, whether by chemical i I njection of the trees or root-pruning of surface roots. 2. Removal of all exotic (non-native or non-Hawaiian) I trees and plants between Alli Drive and the outer mauka walls of the, complex, to be immediately followed by planting this strip with a massive hau he I dge, selectively irrigated, done concurrently with the sitework and construction in the disturbed area. The purpose is to improve security for the complex and create a visual block and sound buffer between the complex and Alji Drip ve. 3. Removal of all exotic trees and other vegetation throughout the entire area except for those trees which may be useful for shade or concealment. 4. Landscaping within the disturbed area for shade and concealment of modern structures, using only native or Hawaiian beach trees and plants, with emphasis on the traditional use of Loulu Palms. In a later (post-opening) phase some new landscaping may be designed for the ancient area in locations previously investigated by archaeologists, using only native Hawaiian beach plants and trees, drip irrigated to avoid trenching, and naturalized in groupings rather than featured as specimen plantings. Any formal botanic garden would be foreign to the identity of the site. If the ancient area is ever opened to public visitation (not envisioned at this time) footpaths should be designed to blend as much as possible with the natural terrain, with trees planted for shade and shrubbery masses for controlling views. C. STRUCTURES 1. Ancient Area: No structures of any kind., 2. Disturbed Area:. a. Modern Structures: These should be one-story and kept to the minimum spaces necessary ;for park interpretation and management facilities. The latter should be designed as "invisible architecture" using plantings, rock walls and facings, native Hawaiian fencing or facading of natural palings for concealment. Any architecture which cannot be concealed should be of wood or other organic materials colored to blend with the earth and vegetation colors of the immediate environment. No park management or maintenance spaces or facilities should be visible to the park visitor. The feasibility of an on-site caretaker' s cottage should be investigated. b. Native Hawaiian Structures (see interpretive Plan). c. Parking: Unless cultural demonstrations are offered in the manner of those offered at the Pulubonua o Honaunau National Historical Park, a high visitor demand is not anticipated. Mr. Jerry Shimoda, the Superintendant of that park, estimates that no more than 15 parking spaces will be, necessary for normal operation. A public and a private bus service both operate on Alii Drive, which further reduces the need for parking. in the absence of any studies or projections of visitor demand, the Committee believes that parking should be restricted to the presently filled and bulldozed area that now exists as an apron off AM Drive, enclosed on the makai side with hau hedging to block the view of the ancient area and access to it. Delineated parking stalls may not be necessary. -3- THE INTERPRETIVE PLAN From bus drop or parking area the visitor enters on a shady winding path which may present only glimpses of the ancient area. The path winds around a replication of a classical Hawaiian Chiefess' dwelling compound, constructed where the residence of Keolonahihi once stood. The path ends at a small pavilion, open on all sides, from which the entire complex of the ancient area may be viewed. The pavilion is envisioned as a lanai enclosed by dry-set rockwork., and a gabled roof surrounded by a vine-planted trellis for additional shade; supported by natural ohia poles. In the center is a walk-around scale model reconstructing what the appearance of the complex may have been when pole-thatch structures stood within the, enclosures and on the platforms and terraces. Above this model , suspended from the roof, would be backlighted graphics. The structure would be secured by pulling down and locking hinged walls which would be folded up under the ceiling during the hours of operation. The replica of the alii residence should be designed and constructed by local authorities on classical Hawaiian architecture. All rockwork should be done by local experts. Indeed, all contracts for engineering, architecture, graphic design, model making, conventional construction, and Hawaiian construction, should be awarded to local professionals for these could be counted upon to contribute pride-of-place to their work, and all these talents are available locally. There is absolutely no need for any commuting consultants from Honolulu. Near the viewing pavilion would be another short path through an arbor into the Park Information Center, a one-room library, gallery, and, study conceived as a wing of the management office. This could be constructed with an open veranda for viewing and for air circulation. -4- GRAPHICS: The story of the Keolonahihi complex would be conveyed through graphics, backlighted, on the display valance over the scale model . Audio-visual equipment is not recommended in the interpretive program because of the intrusive nature of sound, and because of the corrosive action of sea air on sensitive equipment. More information could be conveyed in alcoves off the main pathway. All typography and lettering would be of a single type face; a legible and traditional Roman face is recommended, using in its "regular" face for text material and in its "bold" face for headings and titles. The entry sign and other signage would use the same type face set in bold with letters sandblasted in, natural wood, the wood being set into traditional Hawaiian rockwork. Despite the fact that the park is outside of Kailua Village, the aesthetic guidelines adopted for signing and the sign ordinance of the tillage should be followed. PORTABLE GRAPHICS: The use of inexpensive free "folders" could reduce the expense, of install,ing and maintaining permanent on-site interpretive graphics, as well as give visitors something to take with them. The Puluhonau o, Honaunau National Historical Park offers inexpensive free folders which provide an excellent introduction to that historic preserve. One way of fulfilling the educational function of this State Historical: Park would be to publish a poster featuring a painting of the complex as it may havie appeared several centuries ago. Another worthwhile publication would I be a small full-color booklet, well illus- traced, on the history and significance of the site. These could be offered for sale to visitors in the manner in which posters of a painting of Pu'ukohola Heiau by the present writer are offered for sale at that National Park. Some could be distributed at cost to the Department of Education. To both residents and overseas visitors it would be more than -5- a memento or souvenir, for it would tell the story of the site (and perhaps, other State Parks efforts). A booklet, well illustrated with paintings, can convey more information than permanent on-site graphics. Moreover, it recovers its cost through sales, thus replenishing a fund which can then be invested in additional publications. A ':'Friends of State Parks" non-profit organization could be formed to handle publication and distribution in the same way that the Hawaii Natural History Association handles fund-raising publications for Hawaii 's National, Parks. To the casual uninformed visitor a Hawaiian historic site may seem to be no more than some old rock walls - until he is pre- sented with a painting or other illustration which pictorially reconstructs the site . Physical restoration of the complex or any part of it is not presently recommended. Both physical restoration and on-site 'graphics are extremely co.istly investments requiring continued maintenance. Reconstruction through illustrative art fills the need at much less cost, and the cost is recoverable through publication. Moreover, paintings can depict not only the setting but how the complex was used, showing the priests, the chiefs, and others that once attended ceremonies within the complex. 1 -6- THE MANAGEMENT/MAINTENANCE PLAN The Advisory Committee hereby recomends that the Department of Land and Natural Resources transfer management of the Kanua Point State His- torical Park to the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, including but not limited to the interpretive program for the site and management design plan. The commi ttee recommends that f ul 1-time staff wi I I i nc'l ude a park manager (possibly a resident manager), an assistant, and a groundskeeper; that both the manager and assistant may be availabl,e to meet the various publics that will be visiting the park, and that all will share some responsibilities for dayti!ne security. No camping, picnicking, or visitor intrusion into the ancient area will be permitted. It is also recommended that the park will only be open during operational hours. Important co,mmunity-rcilations values would be obtained if this staff were recruited and, trained from among those long-term Hawaiian residents in Kona who have displayed interest in Hawaiian culture and the preservation of ancient sites. The work of the staff may be augmented by part-time employees and volunteers. There should be some opportunity for volunteers to gain as their reward the satisfaction of making contributions above and beyond menial labor. Somemeasures of authority and responsibility should be offered to volunteers, along with training. Among our retired residents may be found persons with (nuch to contribute, who would be interested in trai,ning for a volunteer role. Park security could also be augmented' by volunteers who reside in the neighborhood. Here, too, they should be deputized or given some similar authority. Establishingla, kabu system throughout State Parks, much like a volunteer fire company, with an annual convention for them, might result in heavy contributions and significant savings to taxpayers. -7- VISUAL INTRUSION FROM THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY A proposed condominium development on the parcel immediately south, of the park site would, as evidenced by plans submitted to the County, overlook the park site. The developer's landscaping plan does, not adequately screen the proposed structures from view from the park. The State now faces the prospect of a historical park being dominated visually by modern structures. The Committee has recommended that the State exercise the right of an adjacent landowner to declare itself an interested party, and to take steps to protect the site, from visual intrusion that would adversely affect the value of the site as a historical park, such actions being in conformity with Federal policies regarding the protection of historic sites. This recommendation applies not only to the proposed development but to any proposed development for properties in the immediate vicinity. XEAKEA-LANI-WAHINE RESIDENCE AND TEMPLES As described earlier, this majlor complex lies j,ust inland from the lots bordering Alii Drive, and once was connected to the complex at Kamoa Point. It is known as Halulelani— The Committee recommends that the State investigate the possibilities of acquiring an access lane to this site which would re-establish the connection to Kamoa Point; and that the landowners be contacted to discuss the idea of their making a donation of this historic site to the State. RESOURCES RESOURCES "THOSE WHO CARIV In 1816,,' Kamehameha said to the Russian Captain Otto von Kotzebue: "These are our gods, whom'I worship. Whether I do right or wrong, I do, not know; but I follow my faith, which cannot be wicked, as it commands me never to do wrong". The Ipu system, however, was disintegrating, unable to withstand the attractions of European culture. Shortly after Kamehameha's death the k system And the old religion died in a blaze of musket fire at the battle of Kuamo'o, two miles South of the Keolo:nahihi complex. The story of Keolonahihi, however, was not forgotten but was retained in the lore of the area and referred to in the writings of Hawaiian scholars. Our most complete conduit of information wastheastounding memory of Naluahine Kaopua, who was born not later than 1870, only 50 years, after the complex was abandoned'as a religious site. He was recognized as an authority on Hawaii,an traditions and was consulted by anthropologists and historians. His knowledge of Keolonahihi was passed on to Henry P. Kekahuna and Theodore Kelsey when they researched and mapped historic Sites in Kona in the late 1930's and 1940's. (Their writings and Kekahuna's map comprise much of our records) . Homer Hayes of Oahu was witness to this, and attests to Naluahine's amazing feats of memory and comprehensive knowledge of West Hawaii places and history. At this time there were also others who corroborated Naluahine's testimony to Kekahuna and Kelsey. Before his death in 1961, Nal:uahine also passed on his knowledge to George Pinehaka Nelson of Kona who recorded it in writing and in tapes, and who inspired the formation of the Friends of Kamoa Point Inc., an organization dedicated to preservation of this important site. This body of information has been illuminated by the scholarly research done by F. Kalani Meinecke of the University of Hawaii. Meinecke's work has corroborated much of the information through genealogical research, and placed this knowledge within the contextual framework of Hawaiian his- tory. David Mauna Roy, a student of Hawaiian culture, language,, history and traditions of Kona, also listened to Naluabine. On Pinehaka's death, the movement was continued, energized by the unsparing dedication of Frances Schobel , to whom Pinehaka had conveyed his information. The movement also included the devoted efforts of several other present members of the Advisory Committee: Hawaiians Maile Akimseu, Thomas Cummings, and David Roy (Chairman),. Schabel has compiled the in- formation gathered by the Friends of Kamoa Point, Inc. and Roy has applied his knowledge of the Hawaiian language and his intimate knowledge of Kona place names and history to a research project which involved combing through records, in the State Archives and Bureau of Conveyances. The Committee's meetings were greatly helped by the frequent partici- pation of Roy K. C. Sue, State Parks Director, and members of the Depart- ment of Land and Natural .Resources staff. The committee was also benefited by the experience, of Jerry Shimoda, Superintendent of Puluhonua 0 Honaunau National Historic Park.' The Office of Hawaiian Affairs was represented at every meeting by Ruby McDonald. The Committee was deeply disappointed by the withdrawal of an observer from the County Planning Department. The reason given was the involvement of the County Planning Department and Planning Commission in a "contested case" regarding application of a developer to build condominiums on the parcel just south and adjacent to the State-owned historic site. The Committee has not accepted this as a reason of sufficient importance to -2- cause the County to abandon it's role in the planning of a major new historical park. Special commendation. should be given to Land Board Member, Roland Higashi who has generously given time and counsel to the work of the Committee. Respectfully submitted by Herb Kawainui Kane STATEMENT. OF THE CHAIRMAN KA LAE 0 KA 140A STATEMENT OF THE CHAIRMAN With a debt of gratitude, we acknowledge in 1982 AD, the scholarly works of archaeologists and other eminent individuals who devoted much time and sincere effort towards preserving the physical remains of sites which once played dramatic roles in enactments of sacred ceremonies c lebhomra ting events of great import to the royal Hawaiian society or pay g the source of al creation. The Reverend Wi l l i am El i s, Thrum, J. F. Stokes John Reinecke, and a host of others gave of themselves unselfishly to re- cord indelibly the links to a way of life, an attitude, indeed an implemen- tation of lofty concepts that ended with the tragic death of Kekuaokalani. and his wife, Manono, on Oanuary 20, 1820. He was the last guardian of the state God Kukai1imoku and last of a Kahuna class that dominated exis- tence from the arrival of Paao. In testimony to their diligence, we now have documented the locations, present configurations, condition, and an overall description of the plans or arrangements of sacrosanct structures which once saw activities of individuals standing high in the superstructure of the Hawaiian culture. These forlorn roans, render a sobering influence on the inquisitive minds of the descendants of those once grand, regal Alii who animated thea. They are mute reminders of the accuracy of their prophets. Hikapaia, flaulelani , Moipe, Pakiha Keolonahihi, Kanekaheilani , Hale o ke Kupua, all major sites within hearing distance of each other. They once shared major roles in the opera of sacred Alii exercising the prerogatives of Kapu inherent to their birth. In the vestibules of our various repositories, the ,fruits of their labor stand ready to reveal the secret hoard of accumulated data locked for ages in the vault of time. Having digested the reward's of this demanding science we stop to wonder with a sinking feeling, "What messages are we supposed to receive and interpret?" We review with hopeful eyes the products of patient, meticulous investigation to arrive at the now familiar questions, "What do they mean? What were they used for? Who were the principles? 'Why are they not known to use" Surely, there must be some way of learning about 'these matters". At a loss and bewildered,, we look to the most logical sources available, among them, the Bishop Museum. To our chagrin we are ret with a cry for ,more detailed Archae- ological study ,and vague, incomplete answers. Unfulfilled, we turn to our libraries only to encounter writings of people, scholars to be sure, whose 'research encompasses the findings of well known individuals long previous to themselves. We delve through records of our government agencies to find that these reflect reports of field studies by archae- ologists whose investigations echo the words of earlier studies and reveal largely the presence or lack of datable material , bones, fishhooks, stone artifacts, habitation sites, including mound depressions, stone structures, papamu, petroglyphs, and so on. The soil being only a few inches deep in most areas -of this young volcanic island where sign of habitation are extant, naturally, arctaeclogical diggings in this day are as a rule unrewarding. All too frequently they yield negative results. -1- SMA applications and building plans increasingly fall in line for review and approval involving land suspected of, or harboring achaeological features - This ais matter of great concern to the prospective builder and to the County for, in keeping with zoning ordinances, the County General Plan, Coastal Manangement guidelines, the subject areas must be investigated for archaeological remains which are declared significant or not by the archaeologists. They recommend salvage, destruction, or preservation according to their respective interpretations Armed with their convictions, they report nothing of significance or worthy of preservation in the study areas and recommend accordingly with the cautious admonition that they be permitted to examine any further discoveries before any additional work is undertaken. The approval of applications and plans reflect careful consideration of these recommendations. Finding the nagging questiwons unresolved and still before us we turn to the sketchy, less than scholarly accounts of our native resources, usually written in their own language and hand.. Refreshing in their simplicity, they .describe 'past occurrences, family connections, religious ceremonies, beliefs, accounts of battles, tales of the Alii , names of lands, ancient landmarks, boundary lines, kpu, heiau and their locations, a kaleidoscope of subjects from pre-natal practices to royal privileges. This then is the area: we must look to for the answers to our questions. These lie with the people who lived the life, appreciated and understood the underlying implications of certain beliefs and actions and with their offspring to whom they passed their tended family ily a aopua, a man, respected among my exten tial fama mores, folklore, and geneolog�es. Such a one venerable, sage old veritable repository of cultural information long forgotten by most. He had lived as a young adult in the times when the King was trying to re-establish cultural knowledge and identity among his people" He was the loved and widely accepted Kumu of our family, and had the right to Warne the newborn relatives, and did so, even mine. To take and record the lore of his upbringing was a Hawaiian Archaeologist and surveyor, Henry P. Kekahuna, fluently conversing with Maluahine who had not taken the trouble to learn to speak English as a primary language. Consequently, he used his mothers tongue, and with alacrity, humor and intelligence seldom encountered. Thanks to this ardent champion of Hawaiian Studies, much of the questions before us become less bewildering. With Henry Kekahuna, was Theodore Kelsey, a close companion known to his peers and followers as a copious note taker and g " " tireless researcher, hopelesslycaught in the web of Hawaiian cultural history, was a familiar figure to the eArchives and Bishop Museum where much of his work in support Kwas conducted. His notes found invaluable application in the voyage of the Hokulea to Tahiti . Henry Kekahuna, rendering his fine detailed maps of archaeological sites together with intriguing descriptions and beautifully expressed expla- nations of background traditional accounts and stories, has rude this mark on the pages of Hawaiian cultural history and paved the way to a second front in the ongoing search for information. It is with great interest that we read an article clipped from the Honolulu Advertiser dated February 20, 1.9,55 written by George Vanderbilt ,about a trip of -2- the 'Bishop Museum "Flying Team" of archaeologists including Kenneth Emory, their Anthropologist emeritus, who had joined forces with the three men mentioned to explore the sites in Kona in search of more material on the gad Ku. He poignantly and enthusiastically describes their able and si.gn"i"f" cant contributions to Hawaii 's scrapbook of ancient history. With avid interest we scan the article realizing with a thrill that we are not alone in our convictions. There are others who acknowledge tradition. Eagerly but with caution gained from an understanding of the ""bureaucratic attitude"" and the rigid guidelines of Archaeology (adherents brook no compromise or hazards to their professional credence) , we turn to old native testimonies, glean from the government, records anything that is relative to the areas at hand and the events that took place. Thoroughly we peruse the notes painstakingly taken by Kekahuna, carefully recording old ' aluahine's testimony of things remembered of his youthful experiences and teachings of his relatives who were themselves participants in the ancient hierarchical beliefs and practices. Like cool refreshing water of young coconuts in the heat of the sun, the information is absorbed, convictions are reinforced. Accounts seemingly unrelated by themselves begin to link up. Native testimonies describe boundaries and landmarks, geneologies yield ancient accounts which we find are sometimes delib- erately restricted, (names .of places and people blanked out) belief's are hinted at, legendary, name's ,and tales corroborated by independent accounts, archaeological reports and findings are plotted, all meld to present a picture of well populated areas supportive of the activities reported. hike the brightening morning sun, functional relationship is suggested in the area firmly asserted as lacking in° traditional accounts. However, by the very absence of physical remains it now seems to assume its place in the scene. As asserted, Kaumalumalu is inseparably related to Holual'oa 4th histor- ically and geographically. Long before the Reverend. Ellis made his celebrated ,journey around the island of Hawaii, the Konohiki 's authority overlapped both ahupuaa. The randson, barn on the night of his grand- father's passing (Kamehameha I , inherited the entire ahupuaa of Kaumalumaluu, the Konohiki continuing to serve. The land finally passed to princess Ruth, mother of the next owner who had inherited it from his father (he died intestate) and who in turn passed on without a will , leaving her to inherit. She deeded the property to her kahu, Kalaikuaiwra, who personally claimed ancient usage in her application for land in Kaumalumalu in the Mahele. While she was not awarded all of the 250 acres asked for, her allocation was along what is now Alii 'Drive and in the contested area During her tenure she continued in the ancient and accepted manner and refused to relinquish her control over the land as i,f retaining a sacred trust. At her demise, in keeping with the law, the land was divided among her closest relatives as she passed on intestate. While alive, frequent attempts were made by the same source to purchase the land, which she refused. In the division of her estate a larger portion was awarded to one heir who sold it to a haole who had married into the family. it was not until then that the person who had. sought to buy was able to,do so from the haole in-law who now owned the major interest. Meanwhile one of the inheritors of a smaller portion was found a victim of the dreaded disease, leprosy, which had found landfall with the Hawaiian people. Notwithstanding, attempts to purchase -3- the interest continued to the very haven of the victims at Kalaupapa. Through the ensuing years nothing was done to mar the tranquility of the historic portion of this land. The remaining portion of the estate lay in the hands of minor heirs now situated in Hilo, Hawaii , with their grandfather. Over the pleas of the grandfather who in- sisted he had independent means of supporting the children, they were placed under the guardianship of a trust company in Hilo, who immediately requested that they be permitted to sell their wards' interest in real estate in order to maintain their support. it was not until then, many years afterwards,, that the outstanding interest in the estate was secured by the new owners. A depressing sequel to this story is that when the heirs reached maturity, the trust company asked the Court to be relieved of responsibility. Accordingly they were released to face the uncertainties of life with less than what they started with, a frequent occurrence. Life continued and Kaumalumalu passed into probate again, After bull- dozing, ranching and other mundane transformations had somewhat altered the surface complexion of the land, it was otherwise intact. The land was distributed among several heirs one of whom sold her portion to developers, a small parcel . The older generation had not undertaken any commercial developments in their time like others in the district but finally, Kona came into its own as a tourist destination and a veritable "land rush" ensued, Nearby real estate was swallowed up through adverse possession. Government lands which originally had been purchased by descendants, of intimate attendants of Kamehameha I and which contained some of the sites within this historic complex were appropriated in like manner, parcelled out and sold to mainland and other foreign buyers whose prime concern is a return to ca1tapl . After a long, determined demon- I the development plans and continued stration of citizens, resistance to speculation, a 12-acre complex in Kamoa Point in adjoining Rolualoa 4th below AM Drive was purchased by the State. It has been found to be only one, small segment of what we now believe to be one of the most important historic places in the island chain. Holual,oa 4th is an ahupuaa that has the distinction of being the seat or cradle of the most exalted AM in all the ages from Keakamahana and Keakealaniwahine, both AM pi "o, down to the overthrow of the monarchy. As revealed by 'government records and native'-historians -it was home to AM to whom, it was held, there were no equals. Long before Kamehameha I had gained supremacy it was looked uponwith awe approaching reverence. Kaiama, a faithful Konohiki,was the last known to have managed the land. At his death in 1842, his authority passed to his wife, Loe, who was awarded the entire ahupuaa among other AM and Konohiki historically holding or managing certain lands. it appears that Kaiama's .authority as Konohiki had extended to adjacent Kaumalumalui, the land considered that of Leleiohoku, for he has been mentioned in that light. Loe died in 1857 of measles but before she expired it was apparent that one Kinimaka had been of material assistance to her in the management of, the land for she attempted to leave it in his name by will . By tacit understanding, her own children by the deceased Kaiama were to take title after his death. The will was contested by the legal heirs and the Court refused to admit it to probate. Thus it was distributed to the children, who first sold among themselves, then to others, and over the succeeding years it was parcelled out to various -4- owners after a number of sales. As to the parcel purchased by the State it is casually mentioned that it was first mortgaged to an, individual who received title on default. In turn, he mortgaged it to a local haole rancher to finance a fishing vessel ; the venture failed and the land was forfeited. The next owner did some ranching, Making some minor changes such as a well and several circular-walled planters which were observed and recognized as later additions. , On his passing it was bequeathed to his nephew who neither took frcm nor added to the land and sold it to a San Francisco businessman who sub- divided it into three lots intending to develop, it commercially. It is, said that he had wanted; a survey but the owner had refused, in- sisting that he take it on a "more or less" basis. He did, and after the sale, surveyed the property anyway and found that he had gained 7 acres. Instead of the 5 acres "more or less" he had purchased, the survey revealed total of slightly more than 12 acres. The new owner then proceeded with subdivision, bulldozing a portion at the northeast corner of the lot, destroying part of the complex. For some time, he continued his plans for developing the property but somehow circumstances prevented him and he finally sold to a large group of local Japanese speculators who, from conversations with some of them, were aware of its historic nature, the "superstitious" overtones of the Hawaiian community about kahuna and such and were anxious to realize their purposes and move on to other ventures. Plans were in the air of a possible sale to a development group. Community opposition grew in direct proportion to the alleged progress of the groups plans . A land exchange was suggested. It seemed attractive and the group agreed in principle. The State, on the other hand, felt it to be more prac- tical to purchase outright. Thus, through a series of fortunate (for preservation) circumstances , the land, 12 acres of closely arranged historic sites, escaped the destruction suffered by other sites nearby and elsewhere. Because of private ownership in areas where most developments are pro- posed, the cost of archaeological studies are borne by the landowners who are anxious that recommendations arising therefrom do not restrict their plans, much less negate them altogether. At present nearly all archaeological investigations are contracted to private archaeologists through direct negotiations or by bids. Under these circumstances it is difficult and sometimes -impossible to rid ourselves of unfair-and unfounded suspicions, allegations, and be free of questions as to just how much real influence is brought to bear on the archaeologists from their employers. The recommendations of archaeologists are vital to the success of developments and subject to great pressures trilaterally (government, employer, and public). One obvious solution to the problem would be mandatory public acquisition of all significant areas. This would probably be viewed as unrealistic and not acceptable in the light of financial restrictions and other concerns. Another would be much totheadvantage of all , especially the public sector, namely, the establishment of an independent agency supported either by public funds or otherwise, whose sole duty and function would be to enforce statutory provisions and to physically monitor all proposed developments in a manner similar to that of building inspectors'- At present the State employs anthropologists .and other technicians who,for many reasons, are unable to make field _5_ trips as necessary and meet the workload. This agency should also be staffed by competent personnel , well-trained in Hawaiian language and their cultural nuances.and capable of reliating, archaeology with traditional material , with the combined efforts of archaeological and traditional expertise it would appear that less disagreement would prevail . I Under any circumstance, a solution must be found whereby the land- owner is relieved of burdensome expenses on land without the commensurate privileges of ownership. A possible solution could be full credit in overall property taxes for the appraised value of property set aside for preservation. Another suggestion would be land exchange, acre for acre', of equal or satisfactory development oppor- tunities. In cases where Federal lands are at stake, lands qualified for exchange anywhere in the country should be considered to reach agreement since Hawaii is as much a part of the federal, union as any other state and subject to its best interests. The County of Hawaii , under Mayor Matayoshi , has initiated a general plan which spells out its concerns about its cultural assets, indicating its high priority. Their protection falls in the hands of Sidney Fuke, Planning Director who is charged, among other things, with the respon sibility of recommending approval or denial of applications for permits. Strangely enough, the Planning Department was appointed to this advisory committee by the State. They attended the first meeting. After a few absences, they withdrew and refused to send a representative to share in the effort. it would seem that the County would have viewed this as an opportune situation in that information vital to the General Plan could be studied and developed firsthand, at the same time their in- put would have been of immeasurable assistance. The committee would have enjoyed the benefits of their experience along existing guidelines, insight to problems to be met, while monitoring pertinent developments., As this would not have required the services of a highly technical professional , it is difficult to comprehend their reasoning. At any rate, when queried by letter as to what was considered to be intrusions affecting the integrity of historic sites, it was then that representation was withdrawn with the statement that they would be unable to answer as it could be construed as prejudicial to the contested case in progress. Inasmuch as it was felt that a question, of this nature was one to be considered in the normal course of the application process, Mr. Fuke's reply is puzzling and subject to conjecture. How can the answer to such a question be construed as prejudicial to a case when it is one of the first considerations in the granting of an application for a building or SMA permit, or should be? it is felt to be a failure of the County to properly assume responsibility for repre- senting its aboriginal constituents in a matter of great concern to them. In spite of their absence the committee has continued its work. Infor- mation gathered strongly suggests a need for more complete understanding and appreciation of the actual role and extent of the historic area surrounding Kamoa Point (Ka Lae o Ka Moa). Archaeology has faithfully located and described the ruins and traces and it is for tradition to explain their functional significance. by: David K. Roy, Jr. Chairman, Kamoa Point State aq, w EXHIBIT "A" THE IMMEDIATE AREAS OF THE PROJECT q ,r Holualoa Bay PROJECTj A. ..,. ITE B B . �-. �...-- F G K U M A L U M A L v H 0 L U A L C A I (ahupua" a) (ahupua" a) A. Site ofrop osed Jondo project (see exhibit B) B. gee exhibit historic sites In Kaumaluma:lu mauka of Al i"i Drive C. Start of "Judd" trail to Hilo '1 . Coatn+ey lot. . archaeology by Rosendahl. .bulldozed. 1982 E. Many historic sites throughout small parcels along Alii. Dr. F. Approx. location of Queen Xeakealaniwahine residence. "" . .enclosed by massive wall 10 feet or more in height and thickness. . .generally good condition— an impressive feature major archaeological value—worthy.worthy cif preservation. . . " (remarks by archaeologist L. Soehren) G. Approx. locations of Hikapa.ia, Faulelani. ,M.o pe heiaus. Existing as massive pla.tform$. H. Napililua ( ahoehoe rack hummock; ancient boundary 'marker between Holualoa and. Kaumalumalu I. Ka: Nak.a o Xou (ancient canoe landing) Ms. 041874 tiil%# ,��..,� Wrx►w.r...rew,.w � wrrr Yrt tiW�W.WMAI xsamm irrsas=r.rwr YMrY. x'x•. xw+.+l.rx+rwYt.r, IiWrWW-'i'dYW'Wa tri W.PAm yv rrwrwK.. .. � wfwrti fWs'YmWr,.Ww.W;N/r WIW$��WWWW!M.t11i •. w�swJ CIW�W4WM,My ww 1'ii►1Wi IrO. MlratiY la.eln.Yd..rxwr iYil ri y'r. • a ""t �" •- rg , tw.rirli iwiNirtik iWW 97 i ,r,,,• '"` l ,moiY 0 0 � 1-4 4 [� „! '56 0 ��. �.x f itXt SO-Na-py_6 kAUKALUAALU, AA! . irp .swix w ^Nil oil.. WgWWaWIr,w—a 1267" RIiM�t, MWWAti tW i"'i'•W�K:1«. bp, R.Wt Wi [t �Y Wi 7.M 4I A v%r u N EXHIBIT B» Archaeological six yi,.� ^dap of Pal e1 . s uth of K mora Paint Historical Park now proposed focondominium development. Structures 55 feet high would overlook the park and "visually intrude. , . YW�.N.WeMYgIIY. g ��,,66Ya aiwti k yY �Mu� as'" we a0Y'i Is" yys,a 0µ+�m� �rtaexa6r . sets was n Y�YaY ,ry 00 soli y, w YLfJe'fx7Ci" w'r(, 5 aa79t AMA 6aaas6" Ats� ►wY:wy .. 6a0s � Yy ba'"N6x sxa"6s Wool �1m7a6 dwYYaw Y.6asa.wae►. "M' Y]a6 ai �,Yw6a ",y 0%306 6,IWIY.6avmx6a Y1j0� a�Y3 6aT WCAS3 k A Tilt a. EXH A o tC F 1�'IRE .Y7A ti w1 RM hLU, J 1 bas wraa nl r IN � /U 1'1 pI1NE mail w0 a.064—4'1- Pe l" Yell Keil e" reaa�a6 %,row IP.w�^aa�' �t•YosaO � rr raw 'x' ► Y L � p .w s