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HomeMy WebLinkAboutMIN CRCOC 2023/10/17 (2022-2024) Committee on Communications, Reports, and Council Oversight 16t'' Session West Hawai`i Civic Center 74-5044 Ane Keohokalole Highway, Building A Kailua-Kona, Hawai`i October 17, 2023 CALL TO The regular meeting of the Committee on Communications, Reports, and ORDER: Council Oversight was called to order at 1:01 p.m., in the Council Chambers, Kailua-Kona, by Ms. Rebecca Villegas, Chair. ROLL CALL: Present: Ms. Rebecca Villegas, Chair Ms. Jenn Kagiwada, Vice Chair Ms. Cindy Evans, Member (came in later) Ms. Michelle M. Galimba, Member Mr. Holeka Goro Inaba, Member Mr. Matt Kaneali`i-Kleinfelder, Member Ms. Ashley L. Kierkiewicz, Member (via videoconference from Hilo) Ms. Heather L. Kimball, Member (came in later) Ms. Susan L. K. Lee Loy, Member(came in later) STATEMENTS The Chair directed the Committee to proceed to the next order of business, FROM THE Statements from the Public on Agenda Items. PUBLIC ON AGENDA ITEMS: (There were none.) COMMUNI- The Chair directed the Committee to proceed to the next order of business, CATIONS: Communications. Comm. 515: REQUEST A PRESENTATION BY MIKE EWALL, HAWAII CLEAN POWER TASK FORCE, ON ENERGY AND WASTE ISSUES From Council Member Rebecca Villegas, dated September 28, 2023. Motion to Close File: Ms. Galimba moved to close file on Comm. 515. Seconded by Mr. Kaneali`i—Kleinfelder. (Note: Comm. 515.1 dated October 17, 2023, from Energy Justice Network Director Mike Ewall transmitting a presentation to Comm. 515, was circulated.) CHR. VILLEGAS: I'm just going to take a quick moment and I went ahead, and I talked with Mr. Ewall beforehand. I want to acknowledge Council Services and the Clerk's office for the extra efforts that they put forward in ensuring that CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 Communications, and PowerPoints, and the information provided by people we bring before Council for the benefit of not only ourselves but for our community as a whole, that those things get processed. I also want to challenge myself. Thank you, Mr. Ewa11, for knowing this has nothing to do with you personally, and thank you for providing this squeaking it under the wire for when we could get things processed. But I just really want to challenge myself and my fellow Council Members to do better in communicating with the people that we bring forward to provide communications, to provide a PowerPoint presentation, or anything else that they may bring forward to our Council Services and the Clerk office within the timeframe that they are originally requesting. Because I can humbly acknowledge that it's become the norm that we don't hit those dates. And so just because we can, doesn't always mean that we should. I'm deeply grateful Mr. Ewall has been traveling around this island back and forth for over a week now. And I'm sure exhausting himself to no measure, and part of that was putting together the information for this presentation. So thank you for being here today, thank you for getting us this presentation, and thank you for being willing to be here and share your expertise and guidance with us on this topic. And with that Mr. Ewall, I will hand this over to you. (Note: At this time, Energy Justice Network Director Mike Ewall came forward to address the members of the Committee.) MR. EWALL: Aloha and mahalo for having me here today. My name is Mike Ewall. I'm the founder and Director of Beyond Burning, a new organization I'm forming. But I have spent the past 30 years mostly through Energy Justice Network, working with communities around the country and local governments, as well. This is my fifth visit to Hawai`i and the fourth to this Island since residents first brought me here to Hawai`i Island in 2015 when there was a proposal to build a trash incinerator here. And they had me running around speaking nine times in ten days to educate folks about that at the time. (Note: At this time, Energy Justice Network Director Mike Ewall provided a PowerPoint presentation to the members of the Committee. For viewing of the presentation, see the DVD copy of the proceedings on file in the Clerk's Office, or online at http://hawaiicounty.granicus.com. A copy of the presentation is made part of the record, see Comm. 515.1.) CHR. VILLEGAS: Thank you, Mr. Ewall, appreciate your thorough presentation. And at this time, I'd like to open up to my colleagues for any questions or comments. Council Member Evans. MS. EVANS: Thank you. I had an opportunity to meet with you and talk to you. My takeaway to you was, I hope that of seven recommendations that you can point out maybe the top one or two. Because it is a step at the time you don't do Page 2 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 all this mass change at once. So, what do you see as one kind of low hanging fruit that you think we should maybe go for? MR. EWALL: Sure. So I think that I'm not sure what you're trying to tell me, okay. So the other thing is we're already going for a lot at once with this OSCER (Office of Sustainability, Climate, Equity, and Resilience)type of program. So I think you're already walk and chew gum at the same time, apparently that's already happening. But if I were to pick a starting point, I would think at the top of that list since they're active proposals to move toward contracts for whatever proposals are coming in under this RFI (Request for Information), which is about to be RFP (Request for Proposal). I think starting with that and then the next one, which is about saying no to the bad technologies and no to importing trash. Those should be relatively easy things to do. I'd be happy to draft the legislation for it. As long as you have the votes here, I think you can put that into place. And it's not a big major program, you have to worry about where's the money. How to roll it out; it's not complex, it's just saying this is what we're willing to say it's okay to do or not to do. And then we can move on to some of the things that are no more challenging. MS. EVANS: Okay, thank you. I yield. CHR. VILLEGAS: Thank you, Council Member Evans. Anyone else? Council Member Kaneali`i—Kleinfelder. MR. KANEALI`I—KLEINFELDER: Thank you. Thank you for the presentation. So you mentioned the put or pay contract that's currently in place for the West Hawai`i Landfill. How does that tie to required tonnage per month? So I think you're getting at that we put in so many tons per year, or we pay the set price either way. They're going to get paid the set amount for our contract, right? MR. EWALL: Yes, that's how it's constructed. It's a certain amount probably per year, and if you don't provide that amount of waste you have to pay them as if you did, which is a serious disincentive to do the right thing. MR. KANEALI`I—KLEINFELDER: Okay, understood. On the back I'm thinking about your pay as you throw solution, not your, but a pay as you throw solution. And paralleling that to the public with the cost to run the landfill verses the pay as you throw program. And the cost of each thing, so you can say heh, if you pay this much it's like we're paying less here. But if we can't decrease that put or pay contract, can we equal it out with the pay as you throw program? MR. EWALL: That's a good question. the pay as you throw program if it cuts your waste, say it cuts it in half and the average is little less than half but if you add composting to it, you'll be weighing more than half That should reduce cost in certain ways, including the heaviest things in your waste dream are glass and Page 3 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 fuel waste, because fuel waste is mostly water. So having to truck that across the islands is a lot of cost and transportation. Now the put or pay thing is a pretty awful prevision to have in that if you are getting successful enough where they hit that lower range that you start getting penalized. I think it's a cost you already budgeted for, they're already having to pay; unfortunately you have to pay to do the right thing and to not use the landfill at the same time. So until that landfill fills up, I think that might be the appropriate place if they're going to be serious about digging up the South Hilo landfill to relocate that onto a lion's surface. That way you're at least taking advantage of something you have to pay for anyway. And then I would hope that at some point when this landfill does fill up, and if you move the one landfill over to the other you can do that in probably 10 or 12 years instead of 20 to 25. And it's about 10 years to say and build a new landfill. You could build a new landfill right next to the existing one, it should still be county-owned, it could be county operated if you don't want to use waste management. But even if you did use the same company, you can have a better contract with them that doesn't have a minimum and then you're out of having to do that. Now if you let them expand that landfill and it's under the same contract, that would be having the same problem you have now. So I think you need to let that contract end, and make something be a new facility when you do. MR. KANEALI`I—KLEINFELDER: Okay, thank you. I yield. CHR. VILLEGAS: Thank you, Council Member Kaneali`i—Kleinfelder. Ashley, any questions from you in Hilo? MS. KIERKIEWICZ: No, thank you for coordinating the presentation. I appreciate the information. CHR. VILLEGAS: You're welcome. Council Member Galimba. MS. GALIMBA: Just wanted to thank you for your presentation. I think you probably skewered the favorite solutions of every different one or equal there. I just had one little question on this slide, it said the third and fourth are RDF (refuse derived fuel) dedicated broiler, what is RDF? MR. EWALL: So, RDF stands for refuse derived fuel. That basically is trash where they've taken the metal and glass out, and then they burn the rest. That's what they're doing in the first two of the three burners at H-Power in Oahu. It's basically the same as trash incineration just a tiny bit less dirty in the emissions, but it's almost the same. MS. GALIMBA: So it becomes a fuel? Page 4 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 MR. EWALL: Yeah, they're basically just burning trash. MS. GALIMBA: Is it like a liquid kind of fuel? MR. EWALL: No, it's a solid fuel, it's mostly going to be the paper and plastics and organic material that are left. And sometimes they'll crunch them down into a pellet or shred it and then they burn it. MS. GALIMBA: Okay, gotcha. And so this company Gershman, Brickner or is it WASTECON? MR. EWALL: Gershman, Brickner, and Bratton is the company that made the slide, WASTECON was the conference they presented at. MS. GALIMBA: Okay. So would you say that they have a favorite, I mean is there sort of a message? • MR. EWALL: Yeah, the message is that this messenger is significant, and so you need I guess a little context on why it's so significant. Of all the solid waste consulting companies out there, there's zero waste consultants. And then they're a lot of the typical ones that get contracts all the time with local governments. And usually a lot of them love incinerators but this one love incinerators so much that they actually are a paid contributor to an academic think tank in New York City that the incinerator industry pays for. So, like the tobacco scientists of incinerator industry around a couple of universities there. And this is the only solid waste consultant that's part of that gang and its always part of the conferences, like they're—basically in favor of burning everything. That's basically what they've been doing for several decades now is advocating for that. So for them, who are the ones giving the status of the waste to energy industry at industry conferences, to say that some of these technologies like what you may want to do is high risk, that's very significant. And for the reasons that they give is not environmental in their mind, because it's all good to them, but financially it could be a problem. MS. GALIMBA: Thanks. I just wanted a little bit more context around that. Thank you very much, and thanks for coming in. MR. HENRICKS: Madam Chair. CHR. VILLEGAS: Yes. MR. HENRICKS: Prior to you calling for the adjournment of this meeting. Mr. Flaherty wanted to provide some testimony; he wasn't able to sign up prior to the presentation. Would you allow him to come forward and do so? Page 5 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 CHR. VILLEGAS: I would. MR. HENRICKS: Mr. Flaherty, would like to provide your testimony at this point and time? CHR. VILLEGAS: Mike, if you want to go ahead and step back for a minute. Thank you, Mr. Flaherty, go ahead and just press the button and then state your name for the record. You'll have three minutes. STATEMENTS The Chair directed the Committee to proceed to the next order of business, FROM THE Statements from the Public on Agenda Items. PUBLIC ON COMM 515: The following individual registered to speak and came forward when called by the Chair: Chuck Flaherty In support. CHR. VILLEGAS: Thank you, Chuck. And welcome home, it's nice to have you back. Alright, Mr. Ewall thank you for joining us again. Any comments, Council Member Kagiwada. MS. KAGIWADA: Thank you, Chair. And nice to see you again, Mr. Ewall. And thank you, I appreciate you drawing those lines; conservation equals reduce, and efficiency equals reuse. Easy way for me to kind of remembers those things. Just a couple things, going back to this December 2021 study by Stanford University. They say Hawai`i can go 100 percent clean energy, I'm just wondering how that includes or doesn't include the fact that we are a state made up of islands and that we have obvious need for air travel, as well as shipping and things like that. Are they saying that they have an idea for 100 percent clean energy for air travel? MR. EWALL: I would like to say that, and I really need to spend more time with that study, I just told you to get familiar with it this week. So, sorry to say I can't give you a full answer to that. But what I know in general is that energy, the way at least the Federal Government breaks it down, there are three sectors. There's electricity, transportation, and heating. And they break heating down further into residential, commercial, industrial. So most of these sectors can be electrified now in terms of home heating, in terms of ground base transportation. A lot of those things, the way to clean them up is to stop burning stuff and go on to electricity and then clean up the electricity. Airplanes are probably the hardest sector to clean up, especially when we're talking about getting to the continents. I love the idea of sea riders between the islands; they can be electric, and so I know that Hawaiian is looking at exploring that. There are even for international shipping, there are electric shipping vessels including wind powered ones that Page 6 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 have this mass, they're not—but mass that barely move. And so the combination of that and batteries are able to do international shipping even without burning stuff So I think air travel, the longer distance one, will be the hardest one to solve and not solved as quickly. And I think in understanding that we should solve the ones that we can solve now, we can already clean up our electric grid, we can decarbonize and electrify almost every other sector. And air travel will probably be the last one that we solve. And by the time we do, maybe with all the extra wind to solar we'll have, we'll use hydrogen or something like that, but it's hard to say at this point. But I know there's a huge portion of the admissions greenhouse gas wise, because of those flights. But I think focusing on that now is a bad time because you're just going to start opening the door to a lot of false solutions that you then can't back out of easily, when you could be working on things that you can solve more easily now, and then get there when it's ready. MS. KAGIWADA: Okay. So the 100 percent clean energy, we don't know what their— MR. EWALL: Yeah, that study, I was skeptical about whether it actually covered air travel and I need to read it more carefully to see because I don't think it really could. MS. KAGIWADA: Alright, thanks. And then going back to this page,just wondering because this page talks about how good recycling is basically is what this page is saying. And my understanding is that, you know, in the past when we've done our recycling programs, and we shipped things like plastic off island is that we didn't necessarily have full control over what happens to it after it leaves the island. So I don't really understand how we can say that this is overall harm and benefit, if it goes somewhere else and is burnt or buried, you know, it's not even better than being burnt or buried here, right. MR. EWALL: True. Yeah, it would be worse of course, if you're just adding transportation to do the same thing. I think for the most part, we're not shipping recyclables to other countries just to have them burned or buried. There have been incidents of that, especially with things like electronic waste. There's been some horrible practices around that, and that's why we need to make sure they are e-Stewards certified, and they don't use prison labor and just dumping on other countries and stuff But you should have control over the contracts. If you're shipping something that's a clean source of one material, chances are it's going to get recycled more than if you shipped them a mix ball of plastics that are not very separable or marketable. So it's a combination of controlling the contrast and having the say in what happens. And also having clean material, which is where separation would be better. That's why those advocating for curbside collection of recycling and trash, which I think has some definite benefits, but it also comes with the cost of separation being more difficult then if you had people go to a Page 7 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 place and actually put the different colored glass each a separate bin; then it's worth a lot more and stuff like that. MS. KAGIWADA: Yeah. And I guess that leaves to my last comment which is about affordability. You know, you've mentioned a few things creating more jobs, things like that. So my question is if we had 300 more jobs as compared to one job are we paying for 300 more people to do those jobs, as opposed to one person doing that job? And where is that funding coming from? MR. EWALL: Right. I think it would be a tradeoff because a lot of times with reuse and recycling or even better like reduce and reuse you have materials that don't even have to get paid for if you're reducing, right. And reuse you have the thrift store and other apps and economies of people getting secondhand materials, goods. There's a lot of savings in all that too. Once you're under a new contract with a new landfill, you'll be saving by not disposing of waste that will be money you can compile into other things. Unfortunately, you're stuck in a bad contract right now, so it'll take some time before you can get out. MS. KAGIWADA: Do you think an island with the population that we have, can really get those kinds of economies of scale that you need to make these things affordable? MR. EWALL: You're not likely to have big factories come in and start recycling on island. But there is actually one that I've heard proposed, which there's concern for. I've spoken a couple of times in Kea'au. And I know that there's a company bottling water from the islands in plastic bottles, shipping it around the world, and they want to recycle that plastic number one, the PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) plastic that EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) is now saying, I just learned this, I had to look it up. But apparently, they are saying they are phasing it out because of one fourth dioxin, which is pretty toxic in that plastic. So I was shocked to hear that. But this company wants to recycle that plastic that currently is not being recycled and have recycled bottles that they ship around the world, where the water can have plastic chemicals in it when they drink it. But it's not a good thing, especially because you have this company approaching environmental groups to get them to oppose legislation to ban single use plastics. Because they want to recycle those plastics, instead of reducing it. And that's lower on the hierarchy it's worse, and no one wants to live next to a plastic recycling factory Either, it's not a clean process. MS. KAGIWADA: Okay. Well thank you for your time today, I appreciate it. MR. EWALL: Absolutely. Page 8 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 MS. KAGIWADA: Thank you, I yield. CHR. VILLEGAS: Thank you, Council Member Kagiwada. Council Member Kimball. MS. KIMBALL: Thank you for being here, thanks for bringing this presentation. A quick clarification, the RFI that you were referring to, can you please clarify what you were speaking to when you mentioned the RFI. MR. EWALL: Yeah, this is one that was listening to different waste disposal technologies or waste processing technologies. I think it might also include things like sorting centers, like material recovery facilities, or mix waste processing which takes all the trash and tries to separate things out. So I think it's somewhat open-ended to solicit different proposals. And there's little need to be doing this, because so many counties are doing the same thing. If you just want to know what the world of crazy ideas are out there, which is a lot of them would fit in that category, crazy. MS KIMBALL: Is that one through DEM (Department of Environmental Management), is that who issued the RFI? MR. EWALL: I think so, I don't know off hand. MS. KIMBALL: That's why I'm bringing this up, because the R&D (Research and Development) one was actually pretty specific that it wouldn't except burning or combustion as any of the proposals. So, I'm wondering if this was a different one, I was unaware of, through DEM. MR. EWALL: No, I think we're talking about the same one, I've heard that it doesn't allow burning. But I need to actually get a copy of it and look at that language. Because a lot of times when they say that they are parsing words very carefully, and saying well we don't want incineration. But we'll take pyrolysis and pretend it's not incineration because they don't burn the first step, they burn the second step. MS. KIMBALL: It's actually an early sustained clause that says no projects that include incineration or combustion or burning will be considered as part of that RFI. So I can provide you with that language if it's the same one. It wasn't exclusively about solid waste, which is why I'm wondering if it was perhaps a different one. But that one was actually pretty specific that those would not be considered. A real quick point, I had to assure my colleague, Council Member Kagiwada. I was shocked to learn somebody who's in the aviation industry, not actually in the industry, but in the industry of trying to reduce the emissions from aviation. It actually only contributes two percent to our overall greenhouse gas emissions across the world. I thought it was more on the order of 17 to 20 Page 9 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 percent, and I was pretty shocked it's only two. So, anyway I yield, Chair. Thank you. CHR. VILLEGAS: Thank you, Council Member Kimball. Council Member Kaneali`i—Kleinfelder. MR. KANEALI`I—KLEINFELDER: Thank you. I did solar for about 10 years; I thought I was changing the world. But I always hear people, and I always wondered about this, and you kind of covered cost break downs. You hear it a lot, you see it a lot; the cost of doing with the after math of the solar industry. Is there any truth to that whole argument? Do you have cost break downs in here of PV (Photovoltaic) and PV with batteries? But in your eyes, your opinion, is there an actual argument when someone says what about the waste created by the solar and battery industry compared to the cheap electricity cost that we know are produced by these massive projects we're doing? MR. EWALL: Sure. So, let me just highlight the dividing line first and say that unlike things that burn stuff where there's nuclear or other things that have inputs into it, the solar and wind, those kinds of facilities like every other machine that is creating energy, whether it's an incinerator or something else. There's damage created to make the machine and there's damage created when you dispose of the machine. But there's enough damage in the middle for every kilowatt hour. So yes, we have a serious recycling problem that we need to address with what we're going to do with solar panels with wind turbines. When we're done with them because they are materials that we just haven't built a good recycling economy for yet, and that's definitely being looked at more and more in recent years. I don't think we have excellent answers for them yet, but it's something we definitely need to look at. But it should not be an excuse to think that somehow those are worse than things that had to be created and keep polluting per kilowatt hour. MR. KANEALI`I—KLEINFELDER: Okay, I like that, that's a good answer. That's how I feel, and I hate it when people say that oh, what about the impacts the environment is in, what 30 years, 50 years. We haven't burned anything, there's no gas refineries, there's not any of that in industry floating around,just solar panels. But I do understand the impact and they're big and bulky, and it's a lot of different materials compacted into one thing. I would like to hear your answer, thank you. That was it, thank you, sir. CHR. VILLEGAS: Thank you, Council Member. If no one else has anything else, I'll go ahead and wrap this up. First off, I want to thank you, Mr. Ewall, for being here, hope I'm saying it right. Okay, we had a great meeting. I think you have done incredible due diligence in your vacation here in meeting with Council Members, meeting with other members of our Administration. I wondered if you were able to meet with Ramzi Mansour from the Department of Environmental Management. Page 10 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 MR. EWALL: Yes, we did get to meet briefly yesterday, there were technical problems, and we couldn't get started for like 20 something minutes into it. So maybe we had about 40 minutes to meet. So I only got through about half of the questions that I had teed up and from others that I've been talking to that they wanted me to ask him. So we're going to be rescheduling, so we have an opportunity to get more answers. CHR. VILLEGAS: Fantastic, I'm really glad to hear that. And I heard you mentioned something earlier about, was someone able to provide you with a contract for our solid waste? MR. EWALL: Yes, Council Inaba was able to come through with that. CHR. VILLEGAS: Okay. Fantastic because I'm very aware that there are massive flaws in that, which have caused incredible complications for us. Being able to efficiently, really mitigate our waste issues and manage what we do have. So I am hopeful that perhaps with some of your guidance and your incredible insights for the nuances of wording as it comes to these different contracts might give us that opportunity. What really resonates with me here is and is something that I hold close to my heart is the concept of circular economy, which on an island is where we'll be returning to the wisdom of our host culture. And it's a returning to the prioritization of—we're only taking, and using, and harvesting what we need. And in a Western capitalist society, that's only really buying what we need. And I would humbly admit that I go to TJ Max and buy things I don't need, but stuff that I want. So how do we all find that balance, and consume less, and contribute more but not to our waste streams. I also thought it was interesting and just a side note. I read something once about the aviation industry and the way that it's currently allocated is that when tourists travel here or visitors travel here their carbon emissions for their flights aren't actually designated to the State of Hawai`i, they're designated to that traveler and where they're coming from which may be why our numbers were lower and maybe I misunderstood Council Member Kimball on that, but once again it's semantics and where and how you allocate the creation of the carbon emissions. I am just so grateful that conversations like this are now more the norm. And having people come out now and try to deny or deflect is becoming less and less common. And that and we are on a path to solutions, and that gives me hope for myself, for my daughters, for my grandson, and for the grandchildren I hope to someday have. And so I thank you, this is not an easy field to be in. There is a burden once you know truths like this and once you are exposed, educated by, aware of the science and the facts. That really makes it hard sometimes to walk in the world, and harder to tolerate and navigate decisions that get made from a corporate side and from a government side. Page 11 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 And so I just thank you on a personal level from taking that on and serving not only your community where you're from, which obviously suffers extensively under the repercussions of the way the waste management is happening there, but that you're willing to be here with us and share your wisdom. And even tolerate my own humility and my own shortcomings, of where I think we can get to and what period of time. So thank you for your kindness and your ability to look at what's possible based on the circumstances here in Hawai`i, and that may be the goal. But if we can get to there, and then to there, and then to there holding hands, side by side, arm and arm, with the sweat equity and the diligence and the tenacity that it's going to take. I have hope. So thank you, Mr. Ewall, for being here today, and I hope you'll keep in touch. And we'll continue to be able to navigate this process together. MR. EWALL: Mahalo, aloha. CHR. VILLEGAS: Alright. And with that, all those in favor of closing file on Communication 515. Vote on Comm. 515: The motion to close file on Comm. 515 was carried (Filed) by the following voice vote: Ayes: Committee Members Evans, Galimba, Inaba, Kagiwada, Kaneali`i—Kleinfelder, Kierkiewicz, Kimball, Lee Loy, and Chair Villegas—9. Noes: None. Absent: None. Excused: None. Page 12 CRCOC-16 October 17,2023 ADJOURN- There being no further business, at 2:23 p.m., Mr. Inaba moved to adjourn the MENT: meeting. Seconded by Ms. Kimball and carried by the following voice vote: Ayes: Committee Members Evans, Galimba, Inaba, Kagiwada, Kaneali`i—Kleinfelder, Kierkiewicz, Kimball, Lee Loy, and Chair Villegas—9. Noes: None. Absent: None. Excused: None. CHR. VILLEGAS: We are adjourned. Approved: n\t)4erzs Ms. Rebecca V. legas, Chair (Date) Communications, Reports, and Council Oversight Committee RV/rk Page 13