HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0372.032 2024-2026Ashley L. Kierkiewicz
Council Member
District 4 Puna
Office: (808) 961-8265
Fax: (808) 961-8912
ashley.kierkiewicz@hawaiicounty.gov
HAWAI`I COUNTY COUNCIL
Hawaii County Building
25 Aupuni Street • Hilo, Hawaii 96720
DATE: August 20, 2025
TO: Holeka Inaba, Council Chairperson
And Members of the Hawaii County Council
FROM: '� `(Ashley L. Kierkiewicz, Council Member
RE: General Plan Comparisons
Enclosed please find a compilation of all Goals, Policies, Standards, Objectives, and Actions
from the 1971, 1989, 2005, and Draft 2045 General Plans, providing a comprehensive record
tracking and comparison. This document is intended as a reference tool to assist the Council in
understanding how the General Plan has evolved and to inform consideration of the Draft 2045
General Plan.
Mahalo for your attention to this matter.
CC: Planning Director
AK/ak
Serving the Interests of the People of Our Island
Hawai `i County is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer
Comm. No. 611131
Ref. To: .
Ref. Fate AG 2 0 2025
1971 GP
1989 GP
ECONOMIC GOALS
2005 GP
The economic system of the County should provide its residents Provide residents with opportunities to improve their quality of 2.2 a) Provide residents with opportunities to improve their
with opportunities to improve their quality of life. life. quality of life through economic development that enhances
the County's natural and social environments.
Economic development and improvement should be
accomplished in an orderly manner which is in balance with the
physical and social environments of the island of Hawaii
The County of Hawaii should strive for stability in its economic
system.
Economic development and improvement shall be in balance
with the physical and social environments of the island of
Hawaii.
The County of Hawaii shall strive for diversity and stability in its
economic system.
The County shall provide an economic environment which
allows new, expanded, or improved economic opportunities
that are compatible with the County's natural and social
environment.
2.2 b) Economic development and improvement shall be in
balance with the physical, social, and cultural environments of
the island of Hawaii.
2.2 c) Strive for diversity and stability in the economic system.
2.2 d) Provide an economic environment that allows new,
expanded, or improved economic opportunities that are
compatible with the County's cultural, natural and social
environment.
2.2 e) Strive for an economic climate that provides its residents
an opportunity for choice of occupation.
2.2 f) Strive for diversification of the economy by strengthening
existing industries and attracting new endeavors.
2.2 g) Strive for full employment.
2.2 h) Promote and develop the island of Hawaii into a unique
scientific and cultural model, where economic gains are in
balance with social and physical amenities. Development
should be reviewed on the basis of total impact on the
residents of the County, not only in terms of immediate short
run economic benefits.
ECON. GOAL
2045 DRAFT
Chapter Goal: Thriving, Diversified, and Regenerative
Economy. Our economy is diverse, regenerative, and innovative,
improving and maintaining the financial well-being of our
residents with a focus on increasing local opportunities.
Objective 43: Improve access at all levels to education and
training.
Objective 44: Increase the growth and health of small
businesses.
Objective 45: Incorporate resiliency, diversity, and innovation in
County programs, plans, and research to support healthy
economic development and revitalization.
Agriculture Goal: Agriculture is a robust, diversified sector that
achieves food security and includes a broad range of
agricultural -based businesses that highlight value.
Objective 46: Increase access to land for active food
production.
Objective 47: Increase interagency coordination, programs, and
policy initiatives that improve local agriculture infrastructure.
Tourism Goal: A high quality of life for residents is maintained
when a regenerative visitor industry balances the preservation
of natural and cultural resources with responsible visitation.
Objective 48: Support the visitor industry investment in its
connection with communities, the'aina, and our historic and
multicultural heritage.
Objective 49: Increase authentic Hawai'i Island visitor
experiences by developing community engagement strategies
that are informed by community subject matter experts.
1971 GP
1 It shall be the policy of the County of Hawaii to assist the
expansion of the agricultural industry, especially diversified
agriculture, through the protection of prime agricultural lands,
capital improvements and other programs, and continued
cooperation with appropriate State and Federal agencies.
2 The County of Hawaii shall strive for an economic climate which
ECONOMIC POLICIES
1989 GP
The County of Hawaii shall assist the expansion of the
agricultural industry, esperially diversified agriculture, through
the protection of important agricultural lands, capital
improvements and other programs, and continued cooperation
with appropriate State and Federal agencies.
2005 GP
2.3 a) Assist in the expansion of the agricultural industry
through the protection of important agricultural lands,
development of marketing plans and programs, capital
improvements and continued cooperation with appropriate
State and Federal agencies.
The County of Hawaii shall strive for an economic climate which 2.3 b) Assist in the expansion of the agricultural industry
provides its residents an opportunity for choice of occupation. provides its residents an opportunity for choice of occupation.
3 The County of Hawaii shall encourage the expansion of the
research and development industry by working with and
supporting the university and other agencies' programs
developed to aid the County of Hawaii.
The County of Hawaii shall continue to encourage the
expansion of the research and development industry by
working with and supporting the university. private sector, and
other agencies' programs developed to aid the County of
Hawaii.
through the protection of important agricultural lands,
development of marketing plans and programs, capital
improvements and continued cooperation with appropriate
State and Federal agencies.
ECON. POLICY
2045 GP
43.1) Support all levels of and forms of education. (2.3 Policy f)
43.2) Support programs and infrastructure that enables
employees to telecommute or work in satellite locations. (2.2
6oals a-h)
2.3 c) Encourage the development of a visitor industry that is in 43.3) Support apprenticeships and workforce training to
harmony with the social, physical, and economic goals of the strengthen leadership and entrepreneurial skillsets and
residents of the County. networks. (2.4.2.2 COA e + 14.3.5.2.2 COA b)
4 The County of Hawaii shall encourage the development of a The County of Hawaii shall encourage the development of a 2.3 d) Require a study of the significant cultural, social and
visitor industrywhich is consistent with the social, physical, and visitor industrywhich is consistent with the social, physical, and physical imparts of large developments prior to approval.
economic goals of the residents of the County. economic goals of the residents of the County.
5 The County shall require a study of the total social and physical
impact of large developments prior to approval.
6 The County of Hawaii shall strive for diversification of its
economy by strengthening existing industries and attracting
new endeavors.
7 The County shall encourage the expansion of the fishing
industry, various forms of aquaculture, and other ocean -based
activities.
8 The expansion of higher and continuing educational services
and institutions shall be supported bythe County.
The County shall require a study of the significant social and
physical impact of large developments priorto approval.
The County of Hawaii shall strive for dive rsifiratio n of its
economy by strengthening existing industries and attracting
new endeavors.
The County shall support all levels of educational opportunities
and institutions for its residents.
The County of Hawaii shall studythe feasibility of establishing a
business development loan program.
2.3 e) Encourage the sustainable development of the fishing
industry, various forms of aquaculture, and other fresh and sea
water -based activities.
2.3 f) Support all levels of educational, employment and
training opportunities and institutions.
2.3 g) Capital improvements program shall improve the quality
of existing commercial and industrial areas.
2.3 h) The land, water, air, sea, and people shall be considered
as essential resources for present and future generations and
should be protected and enhanced through the use of
economic incentives.
9 The County of Hawaii shall study the feasibility of establishing a The County's capital improvements program should improve 2.3 i) Continue to encourage the research, development and
business development loan program. the quality of existing commercial and industrial areas. implementation of advanced technologies and processes.
10 The County's capital improvements program should improve
the quality of existing commercial and industrial areas.
11 The County of Hawaii's land, water, air, sea, and people shall be
considered as essential economic resources for present and
future generations and should be protected and enhanced
through the use of economic incentives.
The County of Hawaii's land, water, air, sea, and people shall be
considered as essential economic resources for present and
future generations and should be protected and enhanced
through the use of economic incentives.
The County shall strive for full employment.
2.3 j) Support the development of high technology industries.
2.3 k) Continue to encourage development and utilization of
by-products from alternate energy conversion projects.
43.4) Support County apprenticeships, fellowships, and
internships to strengthen skillsets, networks, and innovation.
(2.4.2.2 COA e + 14.3.5.2.2 COA h)
44.1) Establish Hawai'i Island as a business -friendly place. (2.3
Policy p)
44.2) Streamline regulatory processes associated with starting
and operating a business. (2.3 Policy m + p, 2019 Policy 296)
43.3) Shared workspaces, including certified kitchens and
industrial co -work buildings shall be supported. (New: 2019
Policy 290)
44.4) Initiate and/or support programs to revitalize town
centers and increase demand for local -serving businesses.
(2.4.2.2 COA b + 14.3.3 Policy a + Kona CDP Policy 1.7)
44.5) Maintain strong partnerships and effective
communication with the business communityto identify
barriers and actions to improve the business climate. (2.3 Policy
P)
44.6) Support creation of shared facilities and resources that
can be utilized by multiple opportunity clusters, such as creative
industries and technical services. (2.3 Policy r+ 2022 CEDS)
44.7) Promote creative industries through collaboration with
local artists on the design and creation of public, livable spaces.
(Kona CDP Policy 6.5 + 2022 CEDS +APA 2017 No.77 Public Art)
1971 GP
12 It shall be the County's policy to strive for full employment.
ECONOMIC POLICIES
1989 GP
2005 GP
2045 GP
ECON. POLICY
The County of Hawaii shall encourage the research. 2.3 1) Identify and encourage primary industries that are 44.8) Support programs and initiatives that encourage
development and implementation of advanced technologies consistent with the social, physical, and economic goals of the manufacturing and support Hawaii Island's small-scale
and processes in existing and potential economic endeavors. residents of the County. independent manufacturers. (2.4.2.2 COA c, d + 14.3.5.2.2 COA
13 The County shall conduct a re-evaluation of all economic goals The County shall continue to encourage development and
and policies, particularly in the area of tourism, coincident with utilization of by-products from alternate energy conversion
any County initiated overall land use acreage allocation and projects.
General Plan review.
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
The County shall conduct a re-evaluation of all economic goals
and policies, particularly in the area of tourism, coincident with
any County -initiated overall land use acreage allocation and
General Plan review.
2.3 m) Encourage active liaison with the private sector with
respect to the County's requirements for establishing
businesses on the island.
2.3 n) Encourage the development of the retirement industry.
44.9) Support business development programs by reducing
underwriting risks for the private sector such as industrial
development bonds, tax abatement, and low- interest loan
programs. (2.3 Policy m, p)
44.10) Support access to capital for small businesses and
start-ups. (2.3 Policy m, p)
The County shall identify and encourage primary industries that 2.3 0) Promote a distinctive identityforthe island of Hawaii to 44.11) Promote the use of the incentives offered by federal and
are consistent with the social, Physical, and economic goals of enable government, business and travel industries to promote state programs such as opportunity zones and enterprise zones
the residents of the County. the County of Hawaii as an entity unique within the State of partnership programs to attract businesses. (2.3 Policy m +
Hawaii. 2019 Policy 293)
An active liaison between the County and the private sector 2.3 p) Identifythe needs of the business community and take
should be encouraged with respect to the County's requirements actions that are necessary to improve the business climate.
for establishing business on the island.
The County of Hawaii shall encourage the continuing
development of the retirement industry.
The County shall support efforts to stabilize and maintain the
viability of the sugar industry.
The County shall promote a distinctive identity for the island of
Hawaii to enable government. business and travel industries to
promote the County of Hawaii as an entity separate and unique
within the State of Hawaii.
2.3 q) Support research and development that would lead to
the removal of marketing restrictions on Hawaiian fruits and
other perishables.
2.3 r) Assist in the development of a film and video industry
program to market Big Island sites and coordinate film and
video activities on the Big Island.
2.3 s) Assist the further development of agriculture through the
protection of important agricultural lands.
2.3 t) Assist in the promotion of the agriculture industry whose
products are recognized as being produced on the island of
Hawaii.
2.3 u) Encourage the establishment of open farmers markets to
allow local agricultural producers to market their products.
2.3 v) Assist in cooperative marketing and distribution
endeavors to expand opportunities for local agricultural
products for export as well as to the local market.
2.3 w) Encourage the further development of the overseas
capacity of Hilo International Airport for the exportation of
agricultural crops.
44.12) Encourage the development of the Technology, Creative,
Agribusiness, Health and Wellness, and Education targeted
sectors. (2.3 Policies a, h, e, f, i, j, x + 2022 CEDS)
40.1) Increase County resources and actions devoted to
strategic planning, interagency coordination, training and
expertise, and capital improvements. (2022 CEDS)
40.2) Capital improvements program shall improve and increase
the capacity of existing and future commercial and industrial
areas. (2.3 Policy g)
40.3) Maintain a program for updating zoning code to
accommodate emerging industries and technologies consistent
with other goals, objectives, and policies of the General Plan.
(14.1.3 Policy g)
4D.4) Support lease terms and extensions on State and DHHL
lands that provide opportunities to improve or rehabilitate
existing commercial and industrial zoned areas. (2.4.6.2 COA b)
4D.5) Encourage land uses that allow for small-scale
manufacturers in retail establishments that enhance and are
balanced with the County's natural, cultural, and social
environments. (2.3 Policy I + 2.4.5.2 COA f + Smart Growth
America Made in Place 2017 + 2019 Policy 297)
4D.6) Maintain plans and programs to foster sustainable
business development opportunities focusing on regenerative
ayriculture, yreen technoloyies and buildiny, innovation and
technology, creative industries, and regenerative tourism. (2.2
Goal f + 2022 CEDS)
4D.7) Improve opportunities for multi -modal transit that
improve the quality of existing job centers. (13.1.3 Policy d +
Kona CDP Policy 4.1, 4.2 + 2022 CEDS)
1971 GP
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
1989 GP
ECONOMIC POLICIES
2005 GP
2.3 x) Encourage the health/wellness industry
2.3 y) Encourage new industries that provide favorable
benefit -cost relationships to the people of the County.
Benefit -cost relationships include more than fiscal
considerations.
ECON. POLICY
2045 GP
40.8) Provide technological infrastructure that increases the
competitiveness of businesses and allows them to thrive in all
parts of the island. (2.2 Goals a, c, d, e, f, g, h + 2020 HI
Broadband Strategic Plan)
40.9) Expand opportunities for innovation and teclrhased
businesses. (2.3 Policyj)
40.10) Promote a distinctive brand for the island of Hawaii
including distinctive, regional identities as an entity unique
within the State of Hawai'i. (2.3 Policy o)
40.11) Encourage the development of economic opportunities
through the utilization of by-products from various industries.
(2.3 Policy k)
40.12) Continue to encourage the research, development, and
implementation of advanced technologies and processes. (2.3
Policy i)
40.13) Promote Hawai'i Island as a center for natural scientific
research. (2.3 Policy b, k + 2.4.4.2 COA f + 2019 Policy 283)
41.1) Support urban agriculture uses including on -site home
occupation sales. (New: APA Report No. 563, 2019 Policy 318)
41.2) Support innovative agriculture demonstration projects.
(2.4.2.2 COA i, a + 2022 CEDS)
41.3) Assist in the expansion of the agricultural industry
through the efficient use of productive agricultural lands,
capital improvements, and continued cooperation with
appropriate State and Federal agencies. (2.3 Policy a)
41.4) Assist in the promotion of Hawaii Island branding for
local produce and agriculture products. (2.3 Policy t)
41.5) Collaborate across County departments to engage in food
systems planning, including the elimination of food deserts.
(New: 2022 CEDS, HI Food Systems Food For All 2017)
41.6) Assist in cooperative marketing and distribution
endeavors to expand opportunities for local agricultural
products forthe local market as well as for exports. (2.3 Policy v
+ 2.4.1.2 COA a)
41.7) Explore opportunities and methods to utilize local
materials and byproducts from agriculture, agroforestry,
silviculture, and aquaculture. (2.4.3.2 COA c + 14.2.4.6.2 COA b +
2019 Policy 310)
41.8) Support the research and development of the agriculture
technology industry in collaboration with agriculture
applications to optimize production. (2.3 Policies i, v, w + 2022
CEDS)
1971 GP
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
1989 GP
ECONOMIC POLICIES
ECON. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
41.9) Support regenerative agricultural practices and
restoration of traditional knowledge and practices that offer
multiple benefits, such as by improving agriculture and food
system waste management that can reduce County
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. (Kona COP Policy 3.3, Action
3.3 b)
41.10) Support the development of private, county, and state
agricultural parks to make land available and distributed
equitably and proximate to infrastructure and housing. (14.2.3
Policy k)
41.11) Partner with government, private, and nonprofit
agencies for programs, training, and building community
capacity in the promotion of the agricultural industry. (23
Policy f + 2.4.1.2 COA a + 2019 Policy 302)
41.12) Increase public -private partnerships to develop and
support community -based food systems. (New: 2022 CEDS + HI
Food Systems Food for All 2017 + 2019 Policy 317)
41.13) Support the development of farm labor housing. (9.3
Policy d)
42.1) Support the creation of water cooperatives supported
with financial sources, such as CFDs. Cooperative users should
he responsible for the development, maintenance, and repair of
agricultural non -potable water systems. (2.4.1.2 COA a)
42.2) Where the County has replaced surface water sources
with groundwater sources to meet Safe Drinking Water
standards, the County should consider repurposing the surface
water sources for agricultural use where the allocation is
supportive of the ecosystem. (11.2.2 Policyj)
42.3) Advocate for more flexible and innovative wastewater
systems to serve agriculture facilities. (11.6.2 Policy e + Puna
CDP 2.3.3.1h)
42.4) Support the adaptive reuse or rehabilitation of existing
infrastructure or buildings for agricultural processing, including
but not limited to the development of commercial kitchens,
processing, storage, or distribution facilities. (14.3.5.1.2 COA c +
14.4.5.4.2 COA b + Hamakua CDP Policy 130 + 2019 Policy 519)
42.5) Promote the development of a locally grown building
material industrythrough streamlined permitting or building
code flexibility. (2.4.3.2 COA c + 2.4.2.2 COA c + 2019 Action
3.47)
42.6) Support research and development that promotes local
produce while removing interstate marketing restrictions. (2.3
Policy q)
42.7) Encourage the use and optimization of the export
capacity of airports and harbors for local goods. (3.3 Policy b)
1971 GP
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
1989 GP
ECONOMIC POLICIES
ECON. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
42.8) Support research and development of viable hiofuel
projects that will supply renewable transportation fuels or
power for Hawaii Island in ways that are
community -supported, sustainable, ecologically sound, and
Complementary to food production. (3.3 Policy b)
42.9) Support the continued operation of the USDA's Daniel K.
Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center facility.
(2.4.2.2 COA j)
42.10) Support the development of processing and
manufacturing facilities. (Kona CDP 2.1 a)
43.1) Continue to monitor and adopt trends and standards for
regenerative tourism. (2.3 Policy c + Ka'u CDP Polich 146 +
Hamakua CDP Policy 124 + 2022 CEDS + HIDMP 2021-23 + HI
Tourism SP 2020-25)
43.2) County departments should integrate economic
development, equity, and sustainability outcomes into their
annual goals and reports to the Mayor. (New: ICAP 2023)
43.3) Identify partnerships and resources with the visitor
industryto ensure balance with the social, physical, and
economic goals of the County. (2.3 Policy c + 2022 CEDS +
HIDMP 2021-23 + HI Tourism SP 2020-25)
43.4) Prioritize the maintenance of County properties and
establish appropriate protocols for protection of wahi pana.
(6.3 Policy e + Ka'u CDP Policy 90 + 2022 CEDS + HIDMP 2021-23
+ HI Tourism SP 2020-25)
43.5) Ensure and expand equitable access to interpretive
information about our wahi pana. (6.3 Policies h, i + Hamakua
CDP Policy 45 + 2022 CEDS + HIDMP 2021-23 + HI Tourism SP
2020-25 + 2019 Policy 441)
43.6) Support the coordination, collaboration, and
improvement in general public transportation services as well
as eco-friendly options. (13.1.3 Policies b, c+ ICAP 2023 + 2022
CEDS)
43.7) Support the coordination, collaboration, and
improvement of public accessibility to natural resources with
State agencies and private landowners. (12.3 Policy m)
43.8) Support partnerships to evaluate visitor industry impacts,
develop mitigation strategies, and incorporate educational
programs on native Hawaiian and community -based pono
practices. (6.3 Policies h, i + Hamakua CDP 58 + 2022 CEDS +
HIDMP 2D21-23 + HI Tourism SP 2D2D-25)
44.1) Integrate 'aina based and place -based values into Hawaii
Island's identity. (Ka'u CDP Action 28 + Hamakua CDP Action 50
+ 2022 CEDS + HIDMP 2021-23 + HI Tourism SP 2020-25)
1971 GP
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
1989 GP
ECONOMIC POLICIES
ECON. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
44.2) Strengthen the accessibility of creative industries and
Hawai'i Island -made products surh as fashion, food, and the
arts to the visitor industry. (2.2 Goals c, d, f + Kona CDP Policy
6.5 + Puna CDP 3.2.3h + 2022 CEDS)
44.3) Sustain a visitor industrythat promotes small business
development. (2.4.4.2 COA r)
44.4) Encourage eco-tourism and agricultural tourism as
regional opportunities. (2.4.8.2 COA e)
44.5) The visitor industry shall promote a high quality of life for
residents. (2.3 Policies c, y+ 14.7.2 Goal c)
44.6) Collaboratively create initiatives and improve existing
efforts to provide social benefits through transportation,
community assets, and housing. (2.2 Goal a + 2022 CEDS)
44.7) Support the promotion and development of
community -based programs, festivals, and events that
celebrate our communities. (2.4.2.2 COA g + Hamakua CDP
Policy 125)
44.8) Maintain efforts to continue dialogue among
stakeholders and tie'aina-based and place -based values to
Hawai'i Island's brand. (New: 2022 CEDS + HIDMP 2021-23 + HI
Tourism SP 2020-25)
1971 GP
1989 GP
ECONOMIC STANDARDS
1 The island of Hawaii should he developed into a unique
The island of Hawaii should be developed into a unique
scientific and cultural model. The island should become a model
scientific and cultural model. The island should become a model
of living where economic gains are in balance with social and
of living where economic gains are in balance with social and
physical amenities. Developments should be reviewed on the
physical amenities. Development should be reviewed on the
basis of total impact on the residents of the County, not only in
basis of total impact on the residents of theCounty,not only in
terms of immediate short run economic benefits.
terms of immediate shortrun economic benefits.
2 New industries which provide favorable benefit -cost
New industries which provide favorable benefit cost
relationships to the people of the County should he
relationships to the people of the County should be
encouraged. Benefit-ost relationships as used here include
encouraged. Benefit -cost relationships as used here include
more than fiscal considerations
more than fiscal considerations.
2005 GP
2045 GP
ECON. STAND
1971 GP
1 The County shall assist the further development of the agricultural industry
by providing support services, such as co-operation with other agencies in
developing manpower training programs, protecting prime agricultural
lands, and requesting and providing necessary capital improvements.
2 The overseas capacity at Hilo's General Lyman Field is extremely important
to the development of Puna's export crops. The County shall continue to
encourage the further development of this facility.
3 There is potential for limited visitor facilities in the form of small
accommodations and support facilities, such as natural areas, botanical
gardens, and limited commercialfacilities. Resort growth should enhance
and be in keeping with this area's rural charact
ECONOMIC COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
PUNA
The County shall assist the further development of the
agricultural industry by providing support services,
such as Co-operation with other agencies in developing
manpower training programs, protecting important agricultural lands,
and requesting and providing necessary capital improvements.
The overseas capacity at Hilo's General Lyman Field is
extremely important to the development of Puna's
export crops. The County shall continue to encourage
the further development of this facility.
There is potential for limited visitor facilities in
the form of small accommodations and support
facilities, such as natural areas, botanical gardens,
and limited commercialfacilities. Resort growth
should enhance and be in keeping with this area's
rural character
4 The fishing industry in Puna should be assisted bythe
County through a cooperative effort with State and
Federal agencies.
5 The County shall support the development and
utilization of geothermal resources and by-products
consistent with the environmental, social, economic
and other goals expressed elsewhere in the General
Plan.
6 Assist the Research Corporation afthe University of
Hawaii in acquiring land adjacent to geothermal
exploration sites to expand research programs or
alternative uses of geothermal by-products.
S. H ILO
7 The County shall encourage the. State to provide the necessary funds for
the development of the university complex and airport facilities. The County
shall also provide necessary support services and facilities to aid the
development of these complexes.
B The County shall implement a program to revitalize downtown Hilo.
9 Manufacturing operations which utilize local raw materials, such as
bagasse, macadamia nut shells, and timber should be encouraged.
10 The fishing industry in Hilo should be assisted by the County through a
cooperative effort with State and Federal agencies.
11 The County shall continue to assist in the formulation and implementation
of management education and manpowertraining programs.
The County shall encourage the State to provide the
necessaryfunds for the development of the university
complex and airport facilities. The County shall also
provide necessary support services and facilities to
aid the development of these complexes.
The County shall continue to implement program to
revitalize downtown Hilo.
The County shall support efforts to stabilize and maintain the viability
of the sugar industry.
Manufacturing operations which utilize local raw
materials, such as bagasse, macadamia nut shells, and
timber should be encouraged
The fishing industry in Hilo should be assisted hythe
County through a cooperative effort with State and
Federal agencies.
The County shall continue to assist in the formulation and
implementation of management education and manpower training
programs.
The County shall support the development of a master plan for lands
within the vicinity ofthe University of Hawaii at Hilo to incorporate a
"college town" concept utilizing an appropriate mixture of residential,
commercial and other land uses to complement the university's
infrastructure.
2005 GP
2045 GP
ECON COA
2.4.1.2 a) Assist the further development of the agricultural industry by 43.a Continue to support a centralized County demographic and
providing support services to commodity groups and other organizations socioeconomic data resource base.
such as farmer's cooperatives, protecting important agricultural lands, and
requesting and providing necessary capital improvements.
2.4.1.2 b) Resort growth should enhance and be in keeping with the area's 43.6 Continue to provide or expand County services and/or programs for
rural character. workforce development and technical assistance.
2.4.1.2 c) Assist the fishing industry through a cooperative effort with State 43.c Expand offerings for mentorship and networking.
and Federal agencies.
2.4.1.2 d) Support the development and utilization of geothermal resources 43.d Develop an apprenticeship program for the County.
and by-products consistent with the environmental, social, economic and
other goals expressed elsewhere in the General Plan.
43.e Provide business planning assistance, career planning, entrepreneurial
training, incubation, and assistance with permitting, licensing, and
regulatory issues.
43.f Develop and maintain partnerships with the higher education system
and other organizations to support education and workforce development
opportunities.
2.4.2.2 a) Encourage the State to provide the neressaryfunds for the 43.g Coordinate educational and workforce development programs with
development of the university complex and airport facilities. Provide local high schools, community college campuses, trade unions, and other
necessary support services and facilities to aid the development of these groups.
complexes.
2.4.2.2 b) Continue to implement a program to revitalize historic downtown h 44.a Promote liaison services with the private sector with respect to the
County requirements for establishing businesses on the island.
2.4.2.2 c) Encourage manufacturing operations that utilize local raw 44.1b Utilize County facilities and funds to support shared affordable
materials, such as macadamia nutshells and timber. workspaces, maker spaces, and equipment for small businesses to utilize.
2.4.2.2 d) Assist the fishing industry through a cooperative effort with State 44, Complete a feasibility analysis for the County to provide access to tools
and Federal agencies. such as industrial development bonds, tax abatement, and low -interest
loan programs.
2.4.2.2 e) Assist in the formulation and implementation of management 44A Develop business improvement districts and Main Street programs to
education and manpower training programs to strengthen the overall skill fund revitalization efforts.
levels of its work force to be compatible with existing and emerging
industries.
2.4.2.2 f) Support the development of a master plan for lands within the
vicinity of the University of Hawaii at Hilo to incorporate a "college town"
concept utilizing an appropriate mixture of residential, commercial and
other land usesto complementthe university's infrastructure.
2.4.2.2 g) Explore the feasibility of expanding the Afook-Chinen Auditorium
into an athletic -exhibition -conference facilitythat can attract additional
activities and visitors to the Hilo area.
44.e Educate businesses on financial planning and funding sources for
hazard preparedness and recovery, including insurance options for business
interruption, natural disasters, and other unexpected occurrences.
44.f Partner with business associations, realtors, and the chamber of
commerce to recruit small-scale manufacturers to establish retail locations
in village and town centers to support reinvestment and match potential
tenants with local landowners.
1971 GP
14
15
16
17 The County shall, in cooperation with other agencies, assist the further
development of diversified agriculture in North Hilo. A program to expand
diversified agriculture should he developed and implemented.
18 The County shall work with community groups to search for alternative
forms of employment.
19
20 The County shall assist the further development of diversified agriculture in
Hamakua and continue to cooperate with other appropriate agenciesto
provide the necessary services to assist agriculture. For example, the
County can protect prime agricultural land from urbanization through
zoning. Capital improvement programs should be tied into enhancing
agricultural areas.
21 Although there is potential for limited visitor facilities in this area, the
County shall allow development which will not detract from the natural
beauty ofthe area.
22
ECONOMIC COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
The County shall explore the feasibility of expanding the Afook-Chinen
Auditorium into an athletic -exhibition conference facility that can
attract additional activities and visitors to the Hilo area.
N. HILO
The County shall, in cooperation with other agencies,
assist the further development of diversified agriculture in North Hilo.
A program to expand diversified agriculture should he developed and
implemented.
The County shall work with community groups to search for alternative
forms of employment.
The County shall support efforts to stabilize and maintain the viability
ofthe sugar industry.
HAMAKUA
The County shall assist the further development of diversified
agriculture in Hamakua and continue to cooperate with other
appropriate agencies to provide the necessary services to assist
agriculture. For example, the County can protect important agricultural
land from urbanization through zoning. Capital improvement programs
should be tied into enhancing agricultural areas.
Although there is potential for limited visitor facilities in this area, the
County shall allow development which will not detract from the natural
beauty of the area.
The County shall support efforts to stabilize and maintain the viability of
the sugar industry.
N.KOHALA
26 The County shall aid the expansion of diversified agriculture in the district The County shall aid the expansion of diversified agriculture in the
by providing direct and indirect assistance. district by providing direct and indirect assistance
27 Resort facilities compatible with the physical, social and economic goals of Resort facilities compatible with the physical, social and economic goals
the residents of the district should be encouraged. of the residents of the district should be encouraged.
28 The County shall work closely with the people of the district and with The County shall work closely with the people of the district and with
industry to plan alternative uses for the lands affected by the termination industry to plan alternative uses for the lands affected by the
Of sugar operations. termination of sugar operations.
2005 GP
2.4.2.2 h) Support the efforts ofthe Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal
Resources Center to renovate the abandoned sewage treatment plant in
Keaukaha into an aquacJture center.
2.4.2.2 i) Coordinate with the University of Hawaii at Hilo to establish an
aquacultural program along accessible areas ofthe Hilo coast for research,
demonstration, and development purposes.
2.4.2.2 j) Support the construction and development ofthe USDA's Pacific
Basin Agricultural Resource Centerfacility.
2.4.3.2 a) Assist the further development of agriculture. A program to
expand agriculture should be developed and implemented.
2.4.3.2 b) Work with community groups and organizations to identify and
develop potential cottage industries.
2.4.3.2 c) Support the development of a native hardwood industry.
ECON COA
2045 GP
44.g Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders (e.g., University of Hawaii, business
associations, etc.) to convene business development events island -wide.
45.a Collaborate with emerging industry leaders to identify needed
infrastructure and services to support economic diversification.
45.1b Monitortrends and identify business needs, strengthen existing
industries, and diversify the economy by attracting emerging industries.
45.c Collaborate with the private sector to identify business needs,
strengthen existing industries, and diversifythe economy by attracting new
endeavors.
45.d Remove regulatory barriers that restrict entrepreneurial endeavors,
such as zoning restrictions for home -based businesses that do not
negatively impact the infrastructure network or the character ofthe
neighborhood.
45.e Build capacity for implementation and economic development in the
target industry Clusters identified by the Comprehensive Economic
Development Strategy (CEOs).
2.4.4.2 a) Assist the further development of agriculture and continue to 45.f Promote cross -sector linkages between Hawaii Island's anchor and
cooperate with the agricultural sector and other appropriate agencies to opportunity industries to grow the market for local products and services.
provide the necessary services to assist agriculture.
2.4.4.2 b) Allow the development of limited visitor facilities that will not 45.g Expand the research and development for energy and technology
detract from the natural beauty ofthe area. industries.
2.4.4.2 c) Develop a tourism industry that will promote small business 45.1h Assist in the expansion of emerging industries through the
development by maintaining the plantation heritage ofthe area. development of marketing plans and programs.
2.4.4.2 d) Diversify the economic base and enhance historical aspects ofthe 45.1 Develop a market strategy that includes housing, a skilled workforce,
area including existing ranching operations and the former sugar industry. quality of life, and a healthy regulatory environmentto attract emerging
industries.
2.4.4.2 e) Support the growth of a forestry industrywithin the district. 45.j Assist in the development of a film and creative industries program to
market Hawaii Island sites and coordinate activities.
2.4.4.2 f) Support the growth of astronomical research and development. 45.1, Partner with government (e.g., DOT, DBEDT, etc.), private and
nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to monitar export
capacity for Hawaii Island.
2.4.5.2 a) Aid in the expansion of agriculture through the protection of 45.1 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies (e.g., business
important agricultural lands. associations, realtors, chambers of commerce, etc.), communities, and
other stakeholders to streamline regulatory processes and create incentives
for urban renewal, rehabilitation, and/or redevelopment programs in
collaboration with communities, businesses, and government agencies.
2.4.5.2 b) Resort facilities compatible with the physical, social and economic 45.m Program regular collaboration with the University of Hawaii at Hilo,
goals ofthe residents of the district should be considered. Hawai'i Community College, the Natural Energy Laboratory at Hawai'i
Authority (NELHA), and other agencies to expand the research and
development industry for sustainable and equitable economic development.
2.4.5.2 c) Encourage the establishment of an open farmers market in North 45.n Increase grant writing capacity and management and pursue grant
Kohala. funding to supplement County critical needs.
m
1971 GP
1989 GP
ECONOMIC COURSES OF ACTION
2005 GP
2045 GP
ECON COA
2.4.5.2 d) Assist in the formulation and implementation of education and 46.a Advocate for the State legislature to amend the Hawaii Revised
manpower training programs to strengthen the overall skill level ofthe local Statutes to include green waste, composting, and fertilizer yards for
residents to compete in existing and emerging sustainable and commercial use as permitted uses on agriculturally zoned land.
environmentally sound industries and businesses.
2.4.5.2 e) Work with communities and residents (community groups and 46.b Advocate for the State DOH to streamline the composting permitting
organizations) to identify and develop potential cottage industries and process.
provide flexibility in land use to accommodate these potential cottage
industries.
2.4.5.2 f) Support efforts to promote small business development that is 46.c Support the use of USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
consistent with the rural, agricultural, and historic character ofthe area. assistance.
2.4.5.2 g) Assist the communities and residents in diversifying the economic 46A Advocate for the State to incentivize local food production through
base in ways that are consistent with the rural, agricultural, and historic expanded tax credits.
character of North Kohala.
S. KOHALA
33 The county shall assist the development of agriculture in South Kohala by
The County shall assist the development of agriculture
2.4.6.2 a) Assist in the development of agriculture by protecting important
46.e Support training and capacity building related to the requirements of
protecting prime agricultural land from urbanization, by providing or having
in South Kohala by protecting important agricultural land from
agricultural land from urbanization, providing or having provided the
the Food Safety Modernization Act.
provided the necessary capital improvements, such as water, and by
urbanization, by providing or having provided the necessary capital
necessary capital improvements, such as water, and working cooperatively
working cooperatively with other agencies.
improvements, such as water, and by working cooperatively with other
with the agricultural sector and government.
agencies.
34 The County shall work closely with the State in providing adequate
The County shall work closely with the State in providing adequate land
2.4.6.2 b) Work closely with the State and the Department of Hawaiian
415J Invest in a crop suitability tool, including existing and projected water
land close to Kawaihae Harbor for industrial activities.
close to Kawaihae Harbor for industrial activities.
Home Lands to provide adequate land close to Kawaihae Harbor for
demand.
industrial activities.
35 The diversity of climate, the quality of the ocean water and the availability
The diversity of climate. the quality of the ocean water and the natural
2.4.6.2 c) Recognize the diversity of climate, the quality of the ocean water
46.g Develop a food self-sufficiency strategy, including community -based
of the area are natural resources that may attract research industries to the
beauty of the hills which create a back -drop for Waimea town are
and the natural beauty ofthe hills as vital economic and social assets ofthe
food system assessments and monitoring localfood production and
district. These resources shall be protected through appropriate
natural resources that have attracted scientific and educational
region to be protected through appropriate regulations.
consumption.
regulations.
activities and that may attract research industries to the district. These
resources should be recognized as vital economic and social assets of
the region and should he protected through appropriate regulations.
36 Resort development in the districtshall he in an orderly fashion and
Resort development in the district shall be in an orderly fashion and
2.4.6.2 d) Resort development in the districtshall he in an orderly fashion
46.h Develop and implement an emergencyfood plan that could he
shall he consistent with the physical and social goals of the people of the
shall he consistent with the physical and social goals of the people of
and consistent with the physical and social goals ofthe residents of the
deployed in the event of a natural or economic disaster.
area. The County shall utilize tools such as incremental zoning to insure
the area. The County may utilize tools such as
area. Utilize tools such as incremental zoning to insure development that
development that will. best meetthe needs ofthe County.
incremental zoning to insure developmentthat will best meetthe
will best meetthe needs ofthe County.
needs of the County.
37
2.4.6.2 e) Encourage the preservation ofthe rural, ranching characterwithin
46.1 Partnerwith government, private and nonprofit agencies, communities,
the town of Waimea.
and other stakeholders for carrying capacity studies of fisheries and the
establishment of State community -based subsistence fishing areas.
3B
2.4.6.2 f) Support the growth of astronomical research and development.
46.j Coordinate with the University of Hawaii at Manna College of Tropical
Agriculture and Human Resources to expand the farm food safety
education program.
N. I(ONA
39 Resort development in the area shall be in balance with the social and
Resort development in the area shall be in balance
2.4.7.2 a) Resort development in the area shall be in balance with the social
46.1, Support the State Department of Agriculture programs for the
physical goals as well as economic desires of the residents of the district.
with the social and physical goals as well as economic
and physical goals as well as economic desires of the residents ofthe
prevention, early detection, rapid response, and control of harmful invasive
Necessary pollution controls should be available priorto development.
desires of the residents of the district. Necessary
district. Necessary pollution controls shall be available prior to
species from becoming established and impacting commercial agriculture.
Other necessary support facilities such as transportation and nursery
pollution controls should be available prior to
development. Other necessary support facilities such as transportation and
facilities shall also be provided.
development. Other necessary support facilities such
nursery facilities shall also be provided.
as transportation and nursery facilities shall also he
provided.
40 The County, in order to achieve greater diversity and stability of the
The County, in order to achieve greater diversity and
2.4.7.2 b) Assist in the further development of agriculture, including
46.1 Support State Department of Education Farm to School programs and
economy, shall assist in the further development of agriculture in North
stability of the economy, shall assist in the further
forestry and aquauilture activities. Necessary capital improvements that
other programs designed to provide locally produced food to schools.
Kona. Necessary capital improvements which will aid agriculture, such as
development of agriculture including aquacultural
will aid agriculture, such as water, should be given priority for funding.
water, should be given priority for funding.
activities, in North Kona. Necessary capital
improvements which will aid agriculture, such as
water, should be given priority forfunding.
ECON COA
ECONOMIC COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP
1989 GP
2005 GP
2045 GP
41 The County should explore the possibility of encouraging a small resident
The County shall continue to encourage development and
2.4.7.2 c) Continue to encourage development of the Natural Energy
46.m Adopt procedures to allowfor the development of community
college and other new industries in the area.
utilization of by-products from the University of
Laboratory of Hawaii Authority as a marine research and commercial
gardens and edible landscaping on public lands (e.g., through Friends of the
Hawaii's Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion(OTEC)
facility.
Park agreements).
project.
42
The County should explore the possibility of
2.4.7.2 d) Encourage and support the development of Hawaii Community
46.n Provide services and frameworks to support the formation of new
encouraging a small resident college and other new
College in West Hawaii, including the University of Hawaii Center.
commodity groups and other organizations, such as farmer cooperatives.
industries in the area.
43
The fishing and boating industry in Kona should be
2.4.7.2 e) Assist the fishing and boating industry through a cooperative
46.o Amend the Code to expand the designated list of parks authorized to
assisted by the Countythrough a cooperative effort
effort with State and Federal agencies.
allow farmers' market permits to include parks in rural areas that lack
with State and Federal agencies.
appropriate commercial -zoned lands for farmers' markets.
44
The natural beauty ofthe area should be recognized as
2.4.7.2 f) Recognize the natural beauty of the area as a major economic and
46.p Support and advocate for streamlined long-term leases for agricultural
a major economic and social asset This resource
social asset. This resource should be protected through appropriate review
parks.
should be protected through appropriate review
processes when development is proposed
processes when development is proposed.
45
2.4.7.2 g) Improve Kailua Village to maintain its viability as a popularvisitor
46.q Continue to evaluate and update the County's tax reduction programs
destination.
to ensure that tax incentives for agricultural land use result in actual public
benefits and promote local agricultural production where passible.
46
2.4.7.2 h) Increase affordable housing opportunities in the Kailua-Kona area.
46.r Create a real property tax exemption for farmers entitled to federal
loss insurance.
S. KONA
crop
47 Resort development in Ka'u shall be Kept in balance with the social and
The County shall assist the further development of
2.4.8.2 a) Assist the further development of agriculture by protecting
46.s Support and invest in all cultural food programs, including food
physical environment of the area. Provisions for orderly development,
agriculture by protecting important agricultural land from urbanization,
important agricultural land from urbanization, and by providing necessary
presentation.
housing, and pollution controls shall he implemented.
by providing necessary resources, such as water, and through other
resources, such as water.
assistance.
48 The County shall assist the further development of agriculture in the area.
Resort development in the area should not destroy the
2.4.8.2 b) Resort development in the area should not destroy the natural
47.a Map existing and proposed agricultural infrastructure and facilities.
natural resources and historical significance ofthe
resources and historical significance ofthe area.
49
area.
The fishing industry in the South Kona should he
2.4.8.2 c) Assist the fishing industry through a cooperative effort with State
47.1h Expand programs and options to allow for agricultural irrigation water.
assisted by the Countythrough a cooperative effort
and Federal agencies.
with State and Federal agencies.
50
The County should encourage ocean -based industries,
2.4.8.2 d) Encourage ocean -based industries, such as aquaculture, in the aree
47.c Develop criteria to determine appropriate places for agricultural parks,
such as aquaculture, in the area.
including the availability of potable water.
51
2.4.8.2 e) Encourage eco-tourism and agriculture l tourism as regional
47.d Account forverified agricultural water usage in the County Water Use
opportunities.
Development Plan.
52
2.4.8.2 f) Establish buffers on undeveloped lands around I<ealal<el<ua Bay to
47.e Support the expansion of State agricultural water systems in
assure preservation of the region's unique environment and cultural
resources.
productive agricultural areas
KA'U
53
Resort development in Ka'u shall be Kept in balance with the social and
2.4.9.2 a) Balance development with the social and physical environment of
47.f Investigate the restoration of ditch systems to meet future agricultural
physical environment of the area. Provisions for orderly development,
the area. Provisions for orderly development, housing, and pollution
needs.
housing, and pollution controls shall be implemented.
controls shall be implemented.
54
The County shall assist the further development of agriculture in the
2.4.9.2 b) Assist the fishing industry, other ocean based industries, and
47.g Amend bulk regulations including building materials for agricultural
area.
aquaculture through a cooperative effort with State and Federal agencies.
facilities and infrastructure.
55
The fishing industry, other ocean based industries.
2.4.9.2 c) Recognize the natural beauty of the area as a major economic and
47.1h Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
and aquaculture, located in Kau should he assisted by
social asset. Protect this resource through appropriate review processes
communities, and other stakeholders to study the feasibility of building
the County through a cooperative effort with State and
when development is proposed.
code amendments and structural integrity testing for locally produced
Federal agencies.
building materials, prioritizing non-native plant species.
56
The County shall support efforts to stabilize and
47.i Evaluate grubbing and grading ordinances as they pertain to agriculture
maintain the viability ofthe sugar industry.
including the creation of exemption categories for water storage and
aquaculture.
57
The natural beauty ofthe area should be recognized as
47.j Seek State legislation or rulemaking to allow local agricultural
a major economic and social asset. This resource
producers to make direct sales to consumers at County -designated farmers'
should be protected through appropriate review processes when
markets at a lower general excise tax rate.
development is proposed.
12
1971 GP
ECONOMIC COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
Preliminary to the consideration of any proposed space -related launch
activities. the County shall require, in addition to standard EIS
requirements special impact assessments.
ECON COA
2005 GP 2045 GP
47.1, Evaluate the Code and statutory amendments to allow farmworker
housing to be developed without requiring the housing be sited on the
same parcel (i.e., TMK) of the working subject farm.
47.1 Amend the Code to remove barriers to allow for off -site directional
signage to promote local farms engaged in direct sales and other permitted
visitor -related businesses while minimizing scenic impacts.
47.m Amend the Code to include provisions for suitable agricultural
infrastructure projects financed by County bonds and liens on real property
of participating agricultural stakeholders, whether such assessments on
TMKs involve contiguous parcels of lands encumbered under an Agricultural
Improvement District.
47.n Incentivize and streamline the process to develop agricultural worker
housing on -and off -site.
48.a Identify and invest in opportunities to partner with and influence the
visitor industry to encourage malama'aina activities.
48.1b Identify and recommend opportunities for installing or improving
informational signage to educate about and protect significant sites.
48.E Update and maintain the Hawaii Island Tourism Strategic Plan
through collaboration between community and industry leaders, inclusive of
the Hawaii Tourism Authority.
48.d Develop a community -based stewardship program to identify wahi
pana status and implement interpretive programs.
49.a Streamline processes for community -based programs, festivals, and
events.
49.1b Support efforts to revise HRS, Section 226-8 "Hawai`i State Planning
Act Objectives and Policies forthe Economy — Visitor Industry" to
incorporate a regenerative tourism framework.
49.c Maintain monitoring of resident sentiment towards the visitor
industry.
49.d Continue to seek funds from the State Capital Improvements Program
to support facilities, including restrooms, parking, and road improvements.
49.e Provide technical support for local businesses to promote or further
develop their products, services, and activities in the visitor industry.
49.f Identify and reduce barriers that hinder visitor industry companies from
buying local Hawaii Island products.
49.g Explore the feasibility of creating a multi -use facility to accommodate
athletic -exhibition- conference activities.
49.1h Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to develop and support place -based
educational programs and workforce training within the visitor industry.
49.i Support programs that conduct outreach to students in the fields of
Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) and
Indigenous Data Science and connect them to living -wage careers in the
visitor industry.
49J Develop a toolkit and incentives for businesses to promote regenerative
tourism and the Island of Hawaii Pono Pledge.
13
ENERGY GOAL
ENERGY GOALS
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP -Electricity and Renewable Energy
Strive towards energy self-sufficiency for Hawaii County. 3.2 a) Strive towards energy self-sufficiency. Public Utitlies Chapter Goal: Our communities are adequtely
served by sustainable and efficient public infrastructure,
utilities, and services based on existing and future growth
needs, sound design principles, and effective maintenance
practices.
Establish the Big Island as a demonstration community for the 3.2 b) Establish the Big Island as a demonstration Community Objective 29: Strive towards energy self-sufficiency.
development and use of natural energy resources. for the development and use of natural energy resources.
14
ENERGY POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
1 The County shall encourage the development of alternate 3.3 a) Encourage the development of alternate energy
energy resources.
re so u rces.
2 The County shall encourage the expansion of energy research 3.3 b) Encourage the development and use of agricultural
industry. products and by-products as sources of alternate fuel.
3 The County shall strive to educate the public on new energy
technologies and foster attitudes and activities conducive to
energy conservation.
4 The County shall ensure a proper balance between the
development of alternative energy resources and the
preservation of environmental fitness and ecologically
significant areas.
5 The County shall require a study of the significant social and
physical impact of large developments priorto approval.
6 The County of Hawaii shall strive for diversification of its
economy by strengthening existing industries and attracting
new endeavors.
7 The County shall encourage the expansion of the fishing
industry, various forms of aquaculture, and other fresh and
ocean water -based activities.
3.3 c) Encourage the expansion of energy research industry
3.3 d) Strive to educate the public on new energy technologies
and foster attitudes and activities conducive to energy
conservation.
ENERGY POLICY
2045 GP
29.1 Increase partnerships and interagency collaboration to
ensure that energy facility production and distribution is
adequate, efficient, and dependably available to each
community to support present and future demands. (11.1.2
Goal a)
29.2 Promote and encourage the creation of a modern grid to
support the use of distributed generation such as private
photovoltaic systems connected to the grid. (Kona CDP Policy
1.5 + HCEI)
29.3 The County shall remove barriers to energy systems that
improve independence and resiliency, such as microgrids,
combined heat and power (CHP), backup generation and
storage, and other decentralized electricity systems. (33
Policies a, c, e, g, k, o + Ka'u CDP Policy 142, CBCA 6.4.5 Actions
25, 55)
29.4 Maintain tax incentives for renewable energy
improvements and continue to revise incentives as energy
technologies progress. (3.3 Policies g, h, i, j, k, I, in)
3.3 e) Ensure a proper balance between the development of 29.5 Continue to participate at the State level to provide
alternative energy resources and the preservation of
environmental fitness and ecologically significant areas.
3.3 f) Strive to assure a sufficient supply of energyto support
present and future demands.
3.3 g) Provide incentives that will encourage the use of new
energy sources and promote energy conservation.
8 The County shall support all levels of educational opportunities
3.3 h) Seek funding from both government and private sources
and institutions for its residents.
for research and development of alternative energy resources.
9 The County of Hawaii shall study the feasibility of establishing
3.3 i) Coordinate energy research and development efforts of
a business development loan program.
both the government and private sectors.
10 The County's capital improvements program should improve
3.3 j) Encourage the continuation of studies concerning the
the quality of existing commercial and industrial areas.
development of power that can be distributed at lower costs to
consumers.
The County of Hawaii's land, water, air, sea, and people shall be 3.3 k) Strive to diversity the energy supply and minimize the
considered as essential economic resources for present and environmental impacts associated with energy usage.
future generations and should be protected and enhanced
through the use of economic incentives.
feedback on all energy -related initiatives and proposed
revisions to comprehensive Integrated Resource Plans. (New:
HELCO IGP + 2019 Policy 258)
29.6 Advocate to the Public Utility Commission (PUC) in support
of the following types of strategies and initiatives:
a) Programs and fee structures that promote renewable energy
b) Consumer incentives to utilize renewable alternatives
c) Social Equity analysis of proposed energy projects to ensure
residents are protected as energy consumers regarding rates,
grid planning, utility compensation, and energy project siting
(3.3 Policy o + Hamakua CDP Action 65)
29.7 Encourage and incentivize alternative energy sources
including off grid or distributed power sources to increase
resiliency. (New)
15
1971 GP
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
ENERGY POLICIES
1989 GP
The County shall strive for full employment.
The County of Hawaii shall encourage the research.
development and implementation of advanced technologies
and processes in existing and potential economic endeavors.
The County shall continue to encourage development and
utilization of by-products from alternate energy conversion
projects.
The County shall conduct a re-evaluation of all economic goals
and policies, particularly in the area of tourism, coincident with
any County -initiated overall land use acreage allocation and
General Plan review.
The County shall identify and encourage primary industries that
are consistent with the social, Physical, and economic goals of
the residents of the County.
An active liaison between the County and the private sector
should be encouraged with respect to the County's
requirements for establishing business on the island.
The County of Hawaii shall encourage the continuing
development of the retirement industry.
The County shall support efforts to stabilize and maintain the
viability of the sugar industry.
The County shall promote a distinctive identity for the island of
Hawaii to enable government. business and travel industries to
promote the County of Hawaii as an entity separate and unique
within the State of Hawaii
2005 GP
3.3 1) Continue to encourage the development of geothermal
resources to meet the energy needs of the County of Hawaii.
3.3 m) Encourage the use of solar water heating through the
continuation of state tax credit programs, through the Building
Code, and in County construction.
3.3 n) Encourage energy -saving design in the construction of
buildings.
3.3 o) Support net -metering and other incentives for
independent power producers.
2045 GP
ENERGY POLICY
16
1971 GP 1989 GP
New power plants shall incorporate devices which
minimize pollution.
ENERGY STANDARDS
2005 GP
3.4 a) New power plants shall incorporate devices that
minimize pollution.
3.4 b) Applicable standards and regulations of Title 11,
Chapter 46, "Community Noise Control" of the Hawaii
Administrative Rules.
3.4 c) Applicable standards and regulations of Title 11,
Chapter 59, "Ambient Air Qual- ity Standards" of the
Hawaii Administrative Rules.
3.4 d) Applicable standards and regulations of Title 11,
Chapter 60.1, "Air Pollution" of the Hawaii Administrative
Rules.
2045 GP
ENERGY STAND
17
1971 GP
1989 GP
ENERGY COURSES OF ACTION
2005 GP
2045 GP
ENERGY COA
1 29.a Partnerwith government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders for the research and
development of alternative/renewable energy resources.
2 29.1a Develop standards and principles for reviewing PUC
applications.
3 29.c Support Net -Metering (NEM), Feed -in -Tariff (FIT), and
other programs designed to lower costs and diversify power
sources.
4 29.d Conduct a feasibility report for using renewable sources to
generate power for public utility infrastructure.
18
1971 GP
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY GOALS
1989 GP
2005 GP
ENVR.GOAL
2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
Maintain and, if feasible, improve the existing environmental 4.2 a) Define the most desirable use of land within the County Goal: Natural and cultural resources are thriving and
quality of the island. that achieves an ecological balance providing residents and sustainably managed, preserved, and restored to maintain our
visitors the quality of life and an environment in which the unique and diverse environment.
natural resources of the island are viable and sustainable.
4.2 b) Maintain and, if feasible, improve the existing
environmental quality of the island.
4.2 c) Control pollution.
Objective 1: Increase the biodiversity and resilience of native
habitats.
Objective 2: Apply the Native Hawaiian ahupua'a framework to
preserve and enhance the health and function of watersheds to
promote water recharge, improve water quality, and reduce
runoff.
Objective 3: Increase direct community restoration and
collaborative efforts to conserve and nourish the island's
biocultural resources.
19
1971 GP
1989 GP
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
2005 GP
ENVR. POLICY
2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
1 The County of Hawaii shall take positive action to further The County of Hawaii shall take positive action to further 4.3 a) Take positive action to further maintain the quality 1.1 Minimize and mitigate signifirant imparts, such as
maintain the quality of the environment for residents both maintain the quality of the environment for residents both of the environment. degradation, incompatible uses, or other threats, to Native
in the present and in the future. in the present and in the future. Hawaiian habitats and public trust resources. (8.2 Goal a, f)
2 Minimum controls are established by the Federal and
State governments; through its powers the County shall
reinforce and strengthen established standards where it is
necessary, principally by initiating, recommending,
and adopting ordinances pertaining to the control of
pollutants which affect the environment.
3 The County should keep apprised of and advise the public
of environmental conditions and research undertaken
about the island's environment.
4 Encourage the concept of recycling agricultural and
municipal waste material.
Minimum controls are established by the Federal and
State governments; through its powers the County shall
reinforce and strengthen established standards where it is
necessary, principally by initiating, recommending, and
adopting ordinances pertaining to the control of
pollutants which affect the environment.
The County should keep apprised of and advise the public
of environmental conditions and research undertaken
about the island's environment.
Encourage the concept of recycling agricultural and
municipal waste material.
4.3 b) Reinforce and strengthen established standards 1.2 Strive to improve the health of the island's forests,
where it is necessary, principally by initiating, rangelands, watersheds, nearshore environments, riparian
recommending, and adopting ordinances pertaining to the areas, and reefs. (14.1.2 Goal; 7.2 Goal a; S. Kohala EDP Policy
control of
pollutants that affect the environment.
4.3 c) Advise the public of environmental conditions and
research undertaken on the island's environment.
4.3 d) Encourage the concept of recycling agricultural,
industrial, and municipal waste material.
5 The County shall encourage the State to establish air and 4.3 e) Encourage the State to establish air and water
water quality monitoring stations in areas of existing and quality monitoring stations in areas of existing and
potential urban growth. potential urban growth.
6 4.3 f) Encourage the State to continue aircraft noise
abatement strategies at Hilo International Airport and the
Kona International Airport at Keahole.
7 4.3 g) Participate in watershed management projects to
improve stream and coastal water quality and encourage
local communities to develop such projects.
8 4.3 h) Work with the appropriate agencies to adopt
appropriate measures and provide incentives to control
point and nonpoint sources of pollution.
9 4.3 i) Support programs to prevent harmful alien species
from becoming established.
10 4.3 j) Require golf courses to implement best
management practices to limit leaching of nutrients to
groundwater in areas where they may affect streams or
coastal ecosystems.
12
4.3 k) Require implementation of the management
measures contained in Hawaii's Coastal Nonpoint
Pollution Control Program as a condition of land use
permitting.
4.3 1) Review the County grading and grubbing ordinances
to ensure that they adequately address potential erosion
and runoff problems.
5.1)
1.3 Encourage the preservation and restoration of natural
landscape features, surh as reefs, beaches and dunes, forests,
rangelands, streams, floodplains, wetlands, and aquifer
recharge areas that have the inherent capacityto prevent,
minimize, or mitigate the impacts of climate change. (Goal 7.2
a; 8.4 Standards a, b, c, d, e, f; 14.1.2 Goal c)
1.4 Maintain the shoreline for recreational, cultural,
educational, and/or scientific uses in a mannerthat is
protective and respectful of resources and is of the maximum
benefit to the general public. (8.3 Policy c)
1.5 Increase collaborative efforts to improve coordination to
conserve and manage wetlands, streams, and watersheds. (8.3
Policy 1)
1.6 Encourage the preservation of native vegetation and open
space during development activities. (Puna CDP 2.2.1 Goal b)
1.7 Improve the use of native or non-native plants of cultural a
environmental importance. (8.3 Policy p)
1.8 Prioritize native landscaping for all County projects. (Puna
CDP 2.2.1 Goal b)
1.9 Limit the introduction and establishment of invasive
species. (Puna CDP 2.2.1 Goal c)
1.10 Maintain a program to identify and protect exceptional
trees, groves, or stands of trees. (7.3 Policy g)
1.11 Encourage and incentivize green belts, tree plantings, and
landscape plans and designs in urban areas. (12.5.2.2 Courses
of Action e; 13.2.3 Policies I; Kona CDP Policy LU-2.2)
1.12 Increase collaborative efforts to create and maintain
rommunity forests, food forests, silvopasture, and other
agroforestry. (S. Kohala CDP Policy 5.13)
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14
W1
16
17
18
ENVR. POLICY
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
1.13 Incentivize private land management practices that
protect and enhance natural resource values and, when
aoorooriate, pursue the acquisition of lands for the protection
of natural resources. (NEW underlined; Hai akua CDP Policy 16;
Kona CDP Policy ENV-3.1)
1.14 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to:
a) Implement the Hawai'i State Wildlife Action Plan (SWAP)
b) Better understand and model carrying capacities of the
island's habitats and resources
c) Improve the inventory of forested lands and associated
ecosystem services
d) Encourage the continued identification and inclusion of
unique wildlife habitat areas of Native Hawaiian habitat within
the Natural Area Reserve System
e) Anticipate future habitat migration, especially wetlands and
coastal ecosystems
f) Prioritize quantitative wetland assessment to identify
wetlands
g) Expand native and/or endemic forest cover
h) Improve enforcement for illegal activities that harm or
degrade endemic habitats (8.3 Policy k, o; Kona CDP Objective
ENV-1)
1.15 Any development will not adversely impact the following
resource asset(s):
a) Rivers, streams, springs, and other naturally flowing surface
water bodies
b) Anchialine pools and estuaries
c) Shoreline setback areas, beaches, and dunes (8.2 Goal f; 8.3
Policies a; HRS 205a-b(10)(A) & 205a-2 (c)(4)
1.16 Maintain shoreline setbacks to protect:
a) Natural shoreline vegetation;
b) Marine turtle nesting beaches/areas;
c) Nearshore water quality;
d) Structures from the effects of long-term sea level rise; and
e) Beaches and shorelines from erosion. (NEW HRS 205a-2
CZM)
1.17 Allow the redevelopment of existing waterfront
commercial structures consistent with the community
characterto preserve overwater views. (NEW; previouslyf in
above (45.17 Draft 1)
1.18 Landscaping and irrigation shall be designed to maximize
water use efficiency and native plants. (Kona CDP Action
CR-2.2c, Action PUB-4.31b, Policy TRAN-3.3; 2019 Ag Water Use
& Dev Plan; DWS Landscape Guidelines; Landscape Irrigation
Conservations BPs 2012)
21
1971 GP
19
20
21
22
23
24
1989 GP
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
ENVR. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
2.1 Engage in comprehensive watershed planning to protect all
watersheds and identify priority watershed areas to develop or
complete watershed management plans and projects. (8.3
Policy I; Plan 5.3 Policy n; 4.3 Policy g)
2.2 Address water best management practices and implement
plans for non -point source discharges, such as irrigation flows
and agricultural or urban runoff. (4.3 Policy h)
2.3 Prioritize forest and land management above 2,500 to
3,000 feet elevation to ensure effective groundwater recharge.
(NEW)
2.4 Within mauka areas of high rainfall/fog-drip belt, ground
disturbing activities such as excessive soil compaction and
excessive removal of vegetative cover should be minimized and
mitigated consistent with management strategies that
encourage the retention of existing forested and pasture areas,
reforestation, minimal coverage by impervious surfaces and
other strategies that encourage effective infiltration to
groundwater. (8.3 Policyv)
2.5 Watershed management planning should recognize the
ecosystem service value of watersheds and open space to
protect scenic vistas and aesthetic values; water recharge;
carbon sequestration; oxygen production; habitat enhancement
and preservation; fire suppression and fuel load management;
soil conservation; preservation of cultural values; and the
potential for additional public access and recreational
opportunities. (NEW)
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26
27
28
29
30
31
32
ENVR. POLICY
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
2.7 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to:
a) Implement a comprehensive conservation plan that identifies
priority watershed areas for habitat restoration and
enhancement.
b) Review and designate forest, river corridors, and watershed
areas into the conservation district during State land use
boundary comprehensive reviews.
c) Monitor nearshore water quality and impacts to reefs and
marine environments and address land -based sources of
impacts.
d) Protect and restore wetlands and riparian corridors to ensure
more pristine water quality, decrease erosion, and increase
sediment management, groundwater infiltration,
nutrient/pollutant uptake, soil moisture retention, stormwater
abatement, and cultural/community connections.
e) Develop reasonable standards to improve stream and coastal
water quality monitoring and encourage local communities to
develop such projects. (Note: Draft 1 had an f, g, h, i, j; 4.3
Policies e, g; Kona CDP Policy ENV 1.12; Hamakua CDP Objective
1; S. Kohala CDP Policy 5.9; DOH AIRS 11-54)
3.1 Encourage an overall conservation ethic in the use of
HawaiTs resources by protecting, preserving, and conserving
critical and significant natural resources. (Policy 8.3 i)
3.2 Foster educational activities that promote the importance
and value of Hawai'i's unique and limited environmental
resources. (8.2 Goals a, c, d, e; HRS 226-13 (b)(1))
3.3Integrate progressive strategies incorporating indigenous
and contemporary knowledge and practices to maintain
environmental quality at the highest standards, address a
changing climate, protect natural resources, and restore
ecosystem health for the benefit of present and future
generations. (NEW from 2019 Draft; ICAP 2023; Olohana
Foundation)
3.4 Promote and protect traditional exercised rights and
Customs of Native Hawaiians. (8.3 Policy q; 2019 Draft Policy
420; HI Constitution Article 12 Section 7)
3.5 Promote resource management that is sustainable,
responsible, and data driven. (8.3 Policies b, h)
3.6 Require the management of natural resources in a manner
that fully minimizes adverse effects on the environment and
depletion of energy and natural resources. (83 Policy a; FIRS
226-11 (b)(4))
3.7 Ensure that activities authorized or funded by the County do
not damage natural resources. (Policy 8.3 u)
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34
35
36
ENVR. POLICY
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
3.8 Increase community -based stewardship that focuses an
management responsibilities and promote community
education and shared learning. (NEW based on PONC)
3.9 Improve community planning capacity -building efforts
toward coordination, leadership, effective action, connectivity,
and impart. (9.3 Policyj)
3.10 Contribute to programs far the collection and
dissemination of data concerning natural or cultural resources.
(8.3 Policy h)
3.11 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to:
a) Protect special areas, structures, and elements that are an
integral and functional part of
HawaiTs ethnic and cultural heritage.
h) Identify and protect wahi pana.
r) Promote the preservation and restoration of significant
natural and historic resources.
d) Aid in programmatic education concerning historic sites.
e) Maintain the shoreline area for recreational, cultural,
educational, and/or scientific uses in a mannerthat is
protective of resources and is of the maximum benefit to the
public.
f) Encourage the documentation and preservation of traditional
ecological knowledge, identifying best management practices
for integration. (6.2 Policy a; 6.3 Policies e, h, i; 8.2 Goals a, c, d,
e; HR5 205A-2)
24
1971 GP
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS
1989 GP
1 Pollution shall be prevented, abated, and controlled at levels
Clean air, pure water, feedom from excessive and unncessary noise, and the which will protect and preserve the public health and
natural and aesthetic qualities of the environment shall be without well-being,through the enforcement of appropriate Federal,
abridgement the right of the people of the County. State and County standards.
2 Pollutants shall be prevented, abated, and controlled at levels which will Environmental quality controls are to be incorporated either as
protect and preserve the public health and well-being, and for the standards in appropriate ordinances or as conditions of
prevention of irritation to the senses, interference with visibility, and approval.
damage to vegetation, animals and property.
3 The existing environmental quality of the island shall be maintained and if Federal and State environmental regulations shall be adhered
feasible, improved. to.
ENVR. STAND
2005 GP
4.4 a) Pollution shall be prevented, abated, and controlled at
levels that will protect and preserve the public health and well
being, through the enforcement of appropriate Federal, State
and County standards.
4.4 b) Incorporate environmental quality controls either as
standards in appropriate ordi- nances or as conditions of
approval.
4.4 c) Federal and State environmental regulations shall be
adhered to.
25
1971 GP
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
ENVR.COA
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
1.a Develop buffer policies to protect native forests, wildlife,
rivers, streams, coastal waters, and other native habitats.
1.b Seek partnership opportunities to support wetland
identification and assessments.
1.c Review tree survey requirements and amend the Code to
incorporate as part of site planning.
1A Consider the establishment of clearing limits within the
Code and increase tree removal mitigation requirements,
limiting the clearing of native vegetation during development.
1.e Revise floodplain management requirements to require
consideration of nature -based solutions as alternatives for all
projects that have the potential to affect floodplains or
wetlands.
1.f Develop a regulatory list of invasive species for Hawaii
County.
1.g Develop priorities for the management of fire -prone
invasive species.
1.h Amend the Code to include an appropriate list of invasive
species to be removed during development activities, to the
extent feasible.
1.i Support programs designed to prevent the introduction and
establishment of invasive species and the control and
eradication of invasive species; particularly those that serve as
disease vectors.
1.j Create incentives for landowners to retain and re-establish
forest cover in upland watershed areas with an emphasis on
native forest species.
1.k Identify partners and support a public awareness and
education campaign to elevate recognition of the value of
urban trees as essential infrastructure.
1.1 Amend the landscape standards in Rule or Code to require
the use of native plants for screening or landscaping.
1.m Amend the Code to incentivize the establishment of
threatened and endangered endemic plant species within their
habitable ranges during development approvals.
1.n Reviewthe Code and consider amendments to encourage
site Clustering of development in orderto avoid critical
environmental areas and assets.
1.o Develop and establish Open Space Network Overlayfor
natural landscape features, such as beaches and dunes,
forests, streams, floodplains, wetlands, estuaries, or recharge
areas that have the inherent capacity to avoid, minimize, or
mitigate the impacts of climate change.
1.p Study, develop, and establish Biosphere Reserve Buffer
Zones, either separately or as an overlay district, to guide
development within native forests through regulatory
measures and economic incentives.
26
1971 GP
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
ENVR.COA
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
1.q Maintain a program for acquiring and/or restoring wetlands,
estuaries, and anchialine pools.
1.r Develop comprehensive programs and policies and provide
resources for enhancing urban forestry canopy cover.
1.s Improve urban and communityforest management,
maintenance, and arboricultural practices.
1.t Increase funding and grants for urban and community
forestry.
1.0 Support programs to prevent harmful invasive species from
becoming established.
1.v Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to develop a program for
the identification and protection of plant species of special
status, including plants significantfor cultural practitioners.
1.w Support seedbanks of native and endemic plant species,
especially species that are threatened or endangered.
1.x Partner with community groups to apply for funding to
restore native habitats including marine, wetland, shoreline,
and native upland systems on County -awned or managed lands.
1.y Prioritize removal of invasive species during maintenance of
County -owned or maintained properties.
1.z Assess and prioritize County -owned areas for restoration in
collaboration with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders.
1.aa Review and update the exceptional tree code and inventory
to support the protection of native species and habitats.
2.a Review and update the County grading and grubbing
ordinances to ensure that they adequately address potential
erosion and runoff problems.
2.b Adopt appropriate measures and provide incentives to
control point and non -point sources of pollution.
2.c Identify and establish appropriate riparian buffer protection
areas around streams, ponds, perennial flowing natural springs,
and all springs and reservoirs serving as water supplies.
2.d Support research to identify and refine priority watershed
areas meant to enhance groundwater recharge and iinprove
surface water quantity and flows.
2.e Identify and establish appropriate wetland protection areas
and regulations to mitigate impacts of development.
2.f Partner with and support land managers to improve
infrastructure and grazing management practices for cattle and
other livestock to promote sail and groundwater retention and
mitigate fire risk.
2.g Amend the Special Management Area (SMA) to include
wetlands, riparian areas, and adjacent buffer areas.
2.h Build community capacity and agency support for
Community Conservation Areas (CCAs) as part of
stewardship -based efforts.
27
1971 GP
36
ENVR.COA
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
3.a Contribute on a regular basis to state orfederal Geographic
Information System (615) data stores and other programs for
the collection and dissemination of basic data concerning
natural, historic, or cultural resources.
3.b Create special (business) improvement districts to engage
in environmental research, restoration and maintenance,
natural resource management, climate change or sea level rise
adaptation, or other purposes to improve environmental
conditions and provide community benefit.
28
1971 GP
1 To conserve scenic and natural resources.
2 To protect human life.
3 To prevent damage to man-made improvements.
4 To control pollution.
5 To prevent damage from inundation.
6 To reduce surface water and sediment runoff through the
employment of soil conservation measures.
FLOOD GOALS
1989 GP
Conserve scenic and natural resources.
Protect human life.
Prevent damage to man-made improvements.
Control pollution.
Prevent damage from inundation.
Reduce surface water and sediment runoff
2005 GP
5.2 a) Protect human life.
5.2 b) Prevent damage to man-made improvements.
5.2 c) Control pollution.
5.2 d) Prevent damage from inundation.
5.2 e) Reduce surface water and sediment runoff.
5.2 f) Maximize soil and water conservation.
FLOOD GOAL
29
1971 GP
1 It shall be the responsibility of governmental agencies to
properly guide through regulations the use of flood plains. The
purpose of such regulations is to minimize the danger to life
and property in areas subject to recurrent flooding. It is
intended that the establishment of flood plain
regulations will reduce public cost for flood control, minimize
relief and rescue efforts, and control development in flood plain
areas so that
lands will be utilized in the most suitable manner.
2 Flood districts are to be established in consideration of the
amount of flood data available. In analyzing the probability of
flooding and the degree of potential development in the flood
plain area, certain interrelated physical factors such as depth,
frequency, velocity, type and duration of flooding must be
considered. Where the severity of flood conditions due to these
factors increases the possibility of loss of life and large property
damage, restrictive regulations, to minimize loss
must be enacted. In areas subject to less frequent flooding, the
damage potential is lightened. Less restrictive regulations will
therefore be enacted
and additional land uses can be considered.
3 After flood plain areas have been established, it shall be the
responsibility of the County to provide the official Flood District
Map for incorporation
as a part of the rules and regulations for the flood plain areas.
Periodic updating and review of the established district maps
will be required, particularly for areas where hydrologic data are
scarce. It is suggested that this review be conducted every five
years.
4 Permitted uses within the flood plain areas shall be established
in accordance with the regulations of the flood plain district.
Adopted district soil conservation practices shall determine the
use of agricultural
and conservation lands.
FLOOD POLICIES
1989 GP
2005 GP
FLOOD POLICY
In areas vulnerable to severe damage due to the impact of wave 5.3 a) Enact restrictive land use and building structure
action, restrictive land use and building structure regulations
regulations in areas vulnerable to severe damage due to the
must be enacted relative to the potential for loss of life and
impact of wave action. Only uses that cannot be located
property. Only uses which cannot be located elsewhere due to
elsewhere due to public necessity and character, such as
public necessity and character, such as maritime activities and
maritime activities and the necessary public facilities and
the necessary public facilities and utilities, would be allowed in
utilities, shall be allowed in these areas.
these areas.
The County shall continue to review land use policy as it relates 5.3 b) Review land use policy as it relates to flood plain, high
to flood plain, high surf, and tsunami hazard areas. surf, and tsunami hazard areas.
The County of Hawaii shall update and improve the FIRM and 5.3 c) Update and improve the Flood Insurance Rate Maps and
floodway maps in compliance with Chapter 27 as needed. other flood maps in compliance with the National Flood
Insurance Program (NFIP) as needed.
The County of Hawaii shall update and improve the FIRM and 5.3 d) Any development within the Federal Emergency
floodway maps in compliance with Chapter 27 as needed The Management Agency designated flood plain must be in
County shall promote participation in the Soil and Water compliance with Chapter 27.
Conservations Districts' conservation programs for
developments on agricultural and conservation lands.
30
1971 GP
FLOOD POLICIES
1989 GP
2005 GP
FLOOD POLICY
5 Within the flood districts, flood way and flood way fringe zones The " Drainage Master Plan for the County of Hawaii" shall be 5.3 e) Promote and provide incentives for participation in the
are to be established, uses strictly controlled, and the reviewed and updated to incorporate new studies Soil and Water Conservation Districts' conservation programs
boundaries of these zones are to be included in the official available and to reflect newly identified priorities. for developments on agricultural and conservation lands.
zoning map.
6 Inundation safety areas shall be incorporated as part of the
rules and regulations of the flood plain areas.
7 Potential tsunami inundation areas and areas subject to high
seas damage shall be established and identified for public
safety. These areas should be evacuated in the event of
tsunami warning. Tsunami inundation as referred to in this text
is intended to mean flooding or overflowing and not to
necessarily imply great tsunami force, depth, or damage. It is
recognized that all segments of the designated inundation area
will not be exposed to the same risk or degree of damage.
8 In areas vulnerable to severe damage due to the impact of wave
action, restrictive land use and building structure regulations
must be enacted relative to the potential for loss of life and
property. Only uses which
cannot be located elsewhere due to public necessity and
character, such as maritime activities and the necessary public
facilities and utilities, would be allowed in these areas.
9 In areas subject to less tsunami or high seas impact damage,
land uses other than recreation and " open" and those stated in
the preceding paragraph may be considered provided they meet
criteria set forth within applicable ordinances and regulations.
10 In those areas where conditions are such that large-scale,
usually vertical, earth movements may generate devastating
tsunamis immediately offshore which permit little or no
warning for evacuation, further evaluation
must be eventually made in these areas for the consideration
of public safety.
All development -generated runoff shall be disposed of in a
manner acceptable to the Department of Public Works.
The County shall develop a comprehensive program for the
coordinated construction of a drainage network along a single
drainage system.
The County shall explore new methods of funding for the
provision of adequate drainage systems.
It is the responsibility of both the government and the
private sector to maintain and improve existing drainage
systems and to construct new drainage facilities.
The County shall continue to promote public education
programs on tsunami hazards.
5.3 f) The "Drainage Master Plan for the County of Hawaii" shall
be reviewed and updated to incorporate new studies and
reflect newly identified priorities.
5.3 g) Development -generated runoff shall be disposed of in a
manner acceptable to the Department of Public Works and in
compliance with all State and Federal laws.
5.3 h) Develop a comprehensive program for the coordinated
construction of a drainage network along a single drainage
system.
5.3 i) Explore new methods of funding for the provision of
adequate drainage systems and regulating potential flood
inundation areas.
5.3 j) The County and the private sector shall be responsible for
maintaining and improving existing drainage systems and
constructing new drainage facilities.
31
FLOOD POLICY
FLOOD POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP
2005 GP
11
It is the responsibility of governmental agencies to maintain
5.3 k) Develop an integrated shoreline erosion management
drainage systems as well as to assist in developing
plan that ensures the preservation of sandy beaches and public
comprehensive flood damage prevention programs and in the
access to and along the shoreline, and the protection of private
construction of flood control features.
and public property from flood hazards and wave damage.
12
In addition to the above, subdivision regulations, building
5.3 1) Continue to promote public education programs on
codes, health regulations, grading ordinances, and other types
tsunami, hurricane, storm surge, and flood hazards.
of regulations, as well
as preventive measures, shall be used in carrying out the goals
of the flood control and drainage element.
13
5.3 m) Encourage grassed shoulder and swale roadway design
where climate and grade are conducive.
14
5.3 n) Develop drainage master plans from a watershed
perspective that considers nonstructural alternatives,
minimizes channelization, protects wetlands that serve
drainage functions, coordinates the regulation of construction
and agricultural operation, and encourages the establishment
of floodplains as public green ways.
15
5.3 o) Encourage and provide incentives for agricultural
operators to participate in Soil and Water Conservation District
Programs.
16
5.3 p) Where applicable, natural drainage channels shall be
improved to increase their capacity with special consideration
for the practices of proper soil conservation, and grassland and
forestry management.
17
5.3 q) Consider natural hazards in all land use planning and
permitting.
18
5.3 r) Discourage intensive development in areas of high
volcanic hazard.
32
1971 GP
1
Potential tsunami inundation zones
Storm drainage standards
3
Flood plain maps
4
FLOOD STANDARDS
1989 GP
Storm Drainage Standards,"County of Hawaii
October 1970, and as revised.
Applicable standards and regulations of Chapter 27,
"Flood Control," of the Hawaii County
Code.
Applicable standards and regulations of the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
Applicable standards and regulations of Chapter 10,
"Erosion and Sedimentation Control" of County Code
2005 GP
5.4 a) "Storm Drainage Standards," County of Hawaii,
October, 1970, and as revised.
5.4 b) Applicable standards and regulations of
Chapter 27, "Flood Control," of the Hawaii County
Code.
SA c) Applicable standards and regulations of the
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
5.4 d) Applicable standards and regulations of
Chapter 10, "Erosion and Sedimentation Control," of
the Hawaii County Code.
5.4 e) Applicable standards and regulations of the
Natural Resources Conservation Ser- vice and the Soil
and Water Conservation Districts.
FLOOD STAND
33
1971 GP
FLOOD COURSES OF ACTION
1969 GP
PUNA
1 As urbanization increases within the district, the drainage systems As urbanization increases within the district, the
designed for the existing village areas shall be implemented. These drainage systems designed for the existing village
systems are designed to collect and transport surface runoff through areas shall be implemented. These systems are designed to collect
the communities. and transport surface runoff through the communities.
2 Provide improvements as shown by the County of Hawaii "Drainage
Master Plan" and the " Mountain View Drainage Study."
5 The proposals of the " Hilo Drainage and Flood Control Report" by
Wilson, Okamoto and Assoc., Ltd., January, 1967, shall be
implemented. Some of the proposals include the construction or
improvement of drainage channels and primary intercepting ditches
and improvements to culvert systems.
6 Improvements to the Hilo Bay breakwater shall be undertaken. Areas
affected by tsunami inundation shall be kept open except for
recreational activities. Methods to reduce surge in Hilo Bay should be
studied and implemented. When adequate setback and structural
criteria are established, other uses may be allowed when feasible.
7 Systems to intercept flows from higher elevations to be discharged
into the Waipahoehoe or Ainako streams shall be implemented.
S Vegetation growth and accumulation of debris which obstruct
waterways shall be removed.
Support development of the Glenwood/Mt View Watershed project.
Encourage diversified agricultural farmers to participate
S. HILO
The remaining proposals of the " Hilo Drainage and
Flood Control Report' by Wilson, Okamoto and Assoc.,
Ltd., January, 1967, shall be implemented[.] as
further need is shown. Some of the proposals include
the construction or improvement of drainage channels
and primary intercepting ditches and improvements to
culvert systems.
The Waiakea Stream improvements as described by the
Hilo Area Comprehensive Study for Flood Damage
Reduction" shall be completed.
Systems to intercept flows from higher elevations to
be discharged into the Waipahoehoe or Ainako streams
shall continue to be implemented[.] as described by
the " Hilo Drainage and Flood Control Report," the
watershed Work Plan-Wailuku
Alenaio Watershed." or
the . subsequent amendments to these reports.
The proposals of the "Final Report and Environmental
Impact Study of Alenaio Stream" shall be implemented.
FLOOD COA
2005 GP
5.5.1.2 a) As development increases within the district, the drainage
systems designed for the existing village areas shall be implemented.
5.5.1.2 b) Conduct an update of the County of Hawaii "Drainage Master
Plan" and the "Mountain View Drainage Study" and provide
improvements as recommended by the updates.
5.5.1.2 c) Seek assistance to develop a comprehensive flood studyfor
the subdivisions between and along Highways 11 and 130.
5.5.1.2 d) Ensure that purchasers of homes and other real property are
fully informed of hazards from lava flows and other volcanic emissions.
5.5.2.2 a) The "Hilo Drainage and Flood Control Report" by Wilson,
Okarnoto and Assoc., Ltd., January, 1967, shall be updated and
implemented.
5.5.2.2 b) The "Hilo Area Comprehensive Study for Flood Damage
Reduction" shall be updated and implemented.
5.5.2.2 c) The proposals of the "Final Report and Environmental Impact
Study of Alenaio Stream" shall be implemented. Studies shall continue
for the upper Alenaio Stream, the upper Wailuku River and its
tributaries, the upper Waiakea Stream and Palai Stream.
5.5.2.2 d) The Hawaii County "Drainage Master Plan" for the Honomu,
Pepeekeo, Papaikou, and Paukaa areas shall be updated and
implemented. In addition, proper soil conservation measures shall be
applied to reduce the amount of surface
water and sediment runoff.
34
1971 GP
9 Existing channel and ditch systems shall be maintained and improved.
10 A program of acquisition of easements for drainage or flood control
purposes shall be initiated.
11 Drainage systems proposed for the Honomu, Pepeekeo, Papaikou, and
Paukaa areas should be implemented. These systems involve the
collection and diversion of surface runoff into nearby gulches for
disposal. In addition proper soil conservation measures shall be applied
to reduce the amount of surface water and sediment runoff.
12 The proposed drainage systems for the Ookala and Laupahoehoe-
Papaaloa areas shall be implemented to alleviate problems of runoff
from higher elevations. These systems are designed to collect and
divert surface runoff to the surrounding gulches.
13 The proposed drainage systems for the Waipio-Kukuihaele,
Honokaa-Paauhau, and Paauilo-I<ul<aiau areas shall be implemented.
These systems incorporate the construction of diversion channels
above the communities which would collect and transport surface
flows to surrounding gulches.
FLOOD COURSES OF ACTION
1969 GP
Drainage systems proposed by the Hawaii County
Drainage Master Plan" for the Honomu, Pepeekeo,
Papaikou, and Paukaa areas should be implemented.
These systerns involve the collection and diversion of
surface runoff into nearby gulches for disposal. In
addition proper soil conservation measures shall be
applied to reduce the amount of surface water and
sediment runoff.
N. HILO
Drainage systems proposed by the Hawaii County "Drainage Master
Plan" for the Ookala and Laupahoehoe-Papaaloa areas shall be
implemented to alleviate problems of runoff from
higher elevations. These systems are designed to collect and divert
surface runoff to the surrounding gulches.
HAMAKUA
Drainage systems for the Waipio-Kukuihaele, Honokaa-Paauhau, and
Paauilo-I<ul<aiau areas shall be implemented. These systems
incorporate the construction of diversion channels above the
communities which would collect and transport surface flows to
surrounding gulches.
FLOOD COA
2005 GP
5.5.2.2 e) Assess the possibility of implementing the
recommendations of the NCRS's "Waiakea Stream Preliminary
Investigation" and the "Wailuku-Alenaio Water shed Reinvestigation"
reports.
5.5.2.2 f) Encourage a study of storm surge and the annual change in
shoreline beach movement as a solution to the closing of the bay front
highway during storm events.
5.5.3.2 a) The Hawaii County "Drainage Master Plan" for the Ookala
and Laupahoehoe Papaaloa areas shall be updated and implemented
to alleviate problems of runoff from higher elevations.
5.5.4.2 a) The Hawaii County "Drainage Master Plan" for the
Waipio-I<ul<uihaele, Honokaa-Paauhau, and Paauilo-Kukaiau areas shall
be updated and implemented.
35
1971 GP
14 A reduction in surface flows from agricultural and forest reserve land
above the communities of the district is of prime concern. Proper soil
conservation practices to reduce surface water and sediment runoff
must be implemented. Examples of some of the practices include
contour farming to reduce erosion and runoff, replanting with grass or
woody vegetation in areas where vegetative cover has been destroyed,
and providing protective cover for soil by leaving trash and leaves on
the fields, returning bagasse to fields or planting fast growing
inter -row crops.
15 The Waipio Valley area shall be Kept open except for recreational
activities.
16
17
18 The drainage systems proposed for the Hawi and Honoma<au-Kapaau
areas shall be implemented. These systems propose improvements to
natural channels to increase their capacity. This, combined with the
practice of proper soil conservation, is the solution to flood control and
drainage problems within the district.
FLOOD COURSES OF ACTION
1969 GP
A reduction in surface flows from agricultural and
forest reserve land above the communities of the
district is of prime concern. Proper soil
conservation practices to reduce surface water and
sediment runoff must be implemented. Examples of some
of the practices include contour farming to reduce
erosion and runoff, replanting with grass or woody
vegetation in areas where vegetative cover has been
destroyed, and providing protective cover for soil by
leaving trash and leaves on the fields, returning
bagasse to fields or planting fast growing inter -row
crops.
The Waipio Valley area shall be Kept open except for
recreational and agricultural activities
N. KOHALA
Drainage systems proposed by the Hawaii
County "Drainage Master Plan" for the Hawi and
Honomal(au-I<apaau areas shall be implemented. These
systems propose improvements to natural channels to
increase their capacity. This, combined with the
practice of proper soil conservation, is the solution
to flood control and drainage problems within the
district.
S.KOHALA
FLOOD COA
2005 GP
5.5.4.2 b) Support the use of natural channels and proper soil
conservation practices to manage flood control and drainage
problems.
5.5.4.2 c) Implementation of proper flood Control measures and soil
conservation practices shall be used to minimize sheet flow, flooding,
and sediment runoff from agricultural and forest reserve land above
the communities of the district.
5.5.4.2 d) The Waipio Valley area shall be retained for limited
recreational and agricultural activities due to its high susceptibility to
flooding and tsunami inundation.
5.5.4.2 e) Encourage the State to develop mitigation measures for the
occasional flooding along the Hawaii Belt Road between Ahualoa and
Waimea.
5.5.5.2 a) The Hawaii County "Drainage Master Plan" for the Hawi and
Honomal<au-I<apaau areas shall be updated and implemented.
36
1971 GP
19 Drainage systems proposed for the Kawaihae, Hapuna Bay-Puako,
Pauoa Bay-Honokaope Bay, and Waimea areas shall be implemented.
These systems propose improvement to natural channels to increase
their efficiency. These, combined with the practice of proper soil
conservation with special emphasis put upon grassland and forestry
management practices, would be the solution to flood control and
drainage problems in the district.
20
21 The drainage systems proposed for the Kailua, Holualoa, Holualoa Bay,
and Honalo-Kainaliu areas shall be implemented. The Kailua proposal
consists of covered box channel and debris basins for the Keopu
Stream. The Kainaliu proposal consists of diversions above the
community to transport overland flows into lava tubes. In the upper
coffee belt areas, proposals include the construction of channels to
collect surface waters from above farmland and community centers
and to transport the water through the areas in defined channels.
These systems, in addition to the installation and maintenance of soil
and water conservation practices,
would alleviate flood control and drainage problems.
22
23
24
25
FLOOD COURSES OF ACTION
1969 GP
Drainage systems proposed by the Hawaii County
Drainage Master Plan" for the Kawaihae, Hapuna
Bay-Puako, Pauoa Bay-Honokaope Bay, and Waimea areas
shall be implemented. These systems propose
improvement to natural channels to increase their
efficiency. These, combined with the practice of
proper soil conservation with special emphasis put
upon grassland and forestry management practices,
would be the solution to flood control and drainage
problems in the district.
N. KONA
Drainage systems for the Kailua, Holualoa, Holualoa Bay, and
Honalo-I(ainaliu, I(eopu/Hienaloli, Waiaha, Kamalumalu and the
Holualoa/Horseshoe Bend drainageways shall be developed and
implemented. These systems, in addition to the installation and
maintenance of proper soil and water conservation practices could
alleviate the major flood control and drainage problems.
Establish and maintain appropriate vegetative cover in high rainfall,
sediment and debris producing areas.
S. KONA
FLOOD COA
2005 GP
5.5.6.2 a) The Hawaii County "Drainage Master Plan" for the Iawaihae,
Hapuna Bay Puako, Pauoa Bay-Honokaope Bay, and Waimea areas
shall be updated and implemented.
5.5.6.2 b) Conduct a flood study for the Auwaiakeal<ua Stream.
5.5.7.2 a) Drainage systems for the Keopu/Hienaloli, Waiaha,
Kaumalumalu and the Holualoa/Horseshoe Bend drainageways shall
be studied and remapped to determine the actions necessary to
mitigate negative impacts.
5.5.7.2 b) Establish and maintain appropriate vegetative cover in high
rainfall, sediment and debris producing areas.
5.5.7.2 c) Encourage the mapping of the floodways in North Kona to
develop more effective flood control programs.
5.5.7.2 d) Encourage the use of natural drainageways as greenways in
the development of the region.
5.5.7.2 e) Maintain and re-establish forest cover in mauka areas to
improve the capacity of the ground to absorb heavy rainfall.
37
1971 GP
26 Drainage systems proposed for the Kealakekua, Napoopoo and
Honaunau areas shall be implemented. These consist of channels to
collect and transport water from the upper watershed areas through
the urban area. The practice of proper soil conservation measures
complement these proposals.
27
28
29
30
31 The proposed drainage systems for the Waiohinu-Naalehu and Pahala
areas shall be implemented. These systems consist of improvements
to existing facilities and in the case of Waiohinu the construction of a
lined channel to collect the flows from the upper watershed areas and
to transport them around the community for disposal. The practice of
proper soil conservation measures is to complement these systems.
32
33
34
FLOOD COURSES OF ACTION
1969 GP
Drainage recommendations proposed by the
South Kona Flood Hazard Analyses" for the Kealakekua,
Napoopoo and Honaunau areas shall be implemented.
These consist of diversions and catchments
to collect and transport water and reduce peak flows
from the upper watershed areas through the urban area. The practice
of proper soil conservation measures and the improvement of existing
drainage features complement these proposals.
Establish and maintain appropriate vegetative cover in
high rainfall, sediment and debris producing areas.
KA' U
Improve and upgrade existing flood control measures as necessary
Continue proper soil conservation measures to complement the
existing systems.
Investigate potential solutions to prevent the closure of the Hawaii
Belt Road due to flooding.
FLOOD COA
2005 GP
5.5.8.2 a) The "South Kona Flood Hazard Analyses" for the Kealakekua,
Napoopoo and Honaunau areas shall be updated and implemented.
5.5.8.2 b) Establish and maintain appropriate vegetative cover in high
rainfall, sediment and debris producing areas.
5.5.8.2 c) Encourage the use of natural drainageways as greenways in
the development of the region.
5.5.8.2 d) Maintain and re-establish forest cover in mauka areas to
improve the capacity of the ground to absorb heavy rainfall.
5.5.8.2 e) Ensure that purchasers of homes and other real property are
fully informed of hazards from lava flows and other volcanic emissions.
5.5.9.2 a) Improve and upgrade existing flood control measures as
necessary.
5.5.9.2 b) Continue proper soil conservation measures to complement
the existing systems.
5.5.9.2 c) Investigate potential solutions to prevent the closure of the
Hawaii Belt Road due to flooding.
5.5.9.2 d) Ensure that purchasers of homes and other real property are
fully informed of hazards from lava flows and other volcanic emissions.
38
1971 GP
HISTORIC SITES GOALS
1989 GP
2005 GP
HIST. GOALS
1 Protect and enhance the sites, buildings and objects of Protect and enhance the sites, buildings and objects of 6.2 a) Protect, restore, and enhance the sites, buildings, and
historical and cultural importance to Hawaii. significant historical and cultural importance to objects of significant historical and cultural importance to
Hawaii. Hawaii.
2 Agencies, either public or private, pursuing knowledge about Access to significant historic sites, buildings and objects of 6.2 b) Appropriate access to significant historic sites, buildings,
historic sites should keep the public apprised of projects. public interest should be made available. and objects of public interest should be made available.
3 Access to significant historic sites, buildings and objects of 6.2 c) Enhance the understanding of man"s place on the
public interest should be made available. landscape by understanding the system of ahupuaa.
39
1971 GP
1 It is recognized that historic sites need to be evaluated and
protected. The County of Hawaii shall incorporate sections on
historic sites, buildings
and objects into appropriate ordinances.
2 It shall be the policy of the County of Hawaii to require
developers of land either public or private to provide a historical
survey prior to the clearing or development of land when there
are indications that the
land under consideration has historical significance.
3 Public access to significant historic sites and objects shall be
acquired.
4 In the evaluation and protection of historic sites, it shall be the
policy of the County to give preference to sites with a
preponderance of original materials in context and to
complexes rather than single isolated sites unless they are of
great significance.
5 The County of Hawaii shall embark on a program of restoring
significant historic sites on County lands. Through a joint effort
with the State, the County can insure the protection and
restoration of sites an other
public lands.
6 On private lands, the County of Hawaii shall encourage the
restoration of significant sites.
7 It is recognized that the information derived from historic sites
is of interest to the residents of the island of Hawaii. It shall
hereby be the policy of the County of Hawaii to collect and
distribute historic sites information for public interest and to
keep a current inventory of sites. The County shall also aid in
the development of a program of public education concerning
historic sites.
HISTORIC SITES POLICIES
1989 GP
Agencies and organizations, either public or private,
pursuing knowledge about historic sites should keep
the public apprised of projects.
The County of Hawaii shall incorporate sections to evaluate,
manage, or protect historic sites, buildings and objects into
appropriate ordinances.
The County of Hawaii shall require both public and private
developers of land to provide a historical survey prior to the
clearing or development of land when there are indications that
the land under consideration has historical significance.
Public access to significant historic sites and
objects shall be acquired.
The County of Hawaii shall embark on a program of
restoring significant historic sites on County lands.
Through a joint effort with the State, the County can
assure the protection and restoration of sites an other public
lands.
The County of Hawaii shall encourage the restoration of
significant sites on private lands.
The County of Hawaii shall collect and
distribute historic sites information of public
interest and in conjunction with the State, keep a current
inventory of sites.
HIST. POLICY
2005 GP
6.3 a) Agencies and organizations, either public or private,
pursuing knowledge about historic sites should keep the public
apprised of projects.
6.3 b) Amend appropriate ordinances to incorporate the
stewardship and protection of historic sites, buildings and
objects.
6.3 c) Require both public and private developers of land to
provide historical and archaeological surveys and cultural
assessments, where appropriate, prior to the clearing or
development of land when there are indications that the land
under consideration has historical significance.
6.3 d) Public access to significant historic sites and objects shall
be acquired, where appropriate.
6.3 e) Embark on a program of restoring significant historic
sites on County lands. Assure the protection and restoration of
sites on other public lands through a joint effort with the State.
6.3 f) Encourage the restoration of significant sites an private
lands.
6.3 g) Collect and distribute historic sites information of public
interest and keep an inventory of sites.
40
1971 GP
HISTORIC SITES POLICIES
1989 GP
8 Signs explaining historic sites, buildings and objects shall be in
The County shall also aid in the development of a
keeping with the character of the area or the cultural aspects of
program of public education concerning historic sites
the feature.
9 The process of evaluating the significance of historic sites shall
Signs explaining historic sites, buildings and objects
be a continuing program of the County of Hawaii.
shall be in keeping with the character of the area or
the cultural aspects of the feature.
10
The County of Hawaii Shall develop a continuing
program to evaluate the significance of historic sites
11
12
13
14
15
HIST. POLICY
2005 GP
6.3 h) Aid in the development of a program of public education
concerning historic sites.
6.3 i) Signs explaining historic sites, buildings and objects shall
be in keeping with the character of the area or the cultural
aspects of the feature.
6.3 j) Develop a continuing prograrn to evaluate the significance
of historic sites.
6.3 k) Develop policies to protect Hawaiian rights as identified
underjudicial decisions.
6.3 1) Support the establishment of Hawaiian Heritage
Corridors.
6.3 m) All new historic sites placed on the State or Federal
Register after the adoption of the general plan shall be included
in the General Plan.
6.3 n) Consider requiring Cultural Assessments for certain
developments as part of the rezoning process.
6.3 o) Recognize the importance of certain natural features in
Hawaiian culture by incorporating the concept of "cultural
landscapes" in land use planning.
41
1971 GP
HISTORIC SITES STANDARDS
1989 GP
Importance in the life or activities of a major historic person. Importance in the life or activities of a major historic person.
2 Associated with a major group or organization in the history of Associated with a major group or organization in the history of
the island or community. the island or community.
3 Associated with a major historic event (cultural, economic,
military, social, or political).
4 Associated with a major recurring event in the history of the
community (such as annual celebrations).
5 Associated with a past or continuing institution which has
contributed substantially to the life of the community.
Unique examples of a particular style or period
7 One of the few of its age remaining.
8 Original materials and/or workshops which can be valued in
themselves.
10
11
Associated with a major historic event (cultural, economic,
military, social, or political).
Associated with a major recurring event in the history of the
community (such as annual celebrations).
Associated with a past or continuing institution which has
contributed substantially to the life of the community.
Unique examples of a particular style or period.
One of the few of its age remaining.
Original materials and/or workshops which can be valued in
themselves.
Sites with a preponderance of original materials in context and
complexes rather than single isolated sites unless they are of
great significance.
Sites of traditional and cultural significance.
HIST. STANDS
2005 GP
6.4 a) The evaluation of the importance of specific historic sites
is necessary for future action. The following standards
establish a framework for evaluating sites.
6.4 b) Importance in the life or activities of a major historic
person.
6.4 c) Associated with a major group or organization in the
history of the island or com- munity.
6.4 d) Associated with a major historic event (cultural,
economic, military, social, or political).
6.4 e) Associated with a major recurring event in the history of
the community (such as annual celebrations).
6.4 f) Associated with a past or continuing institution that has
contributed substantially to the life of the community.
6.4 g) Unique example of a particular style or period.
6.4 h) One of the few of its age remaining.
6.4 i) Original materials and/or workmanship that can be valued
in themselves.
6.4j) Sites with a preponderance of original materials in
context and complexes rather than single isolated sites unless
they are of great significance.
6.4 k) Sites of traditional and cultural significance.
42
HISTORIC SITES COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
PUNA
1 6.5.1.2 a) Support the establishment of Hawaiian Heritage
Corridors.
N. HILO & S. HILO
2 The County shall support the development of Kalakaua Park and 6.5.2.2 a) Support the development of Kalakaua Park and its
its surrounding area as the Kalakaua Park Heritage Area and the surrounding area as the Kalakaua Park Heritage Area and the
restoration of its historic significance to Hilo. restoration of its historic significance to Hilo.
3 6.5.2.2 b) Identify historic sites within the South Hilo District for
inclusion within the Hawaiian Heritage Corridor Program.
HAMAKUA
4 6.5.3.2 a) Coordinate with the community to identify historical
sites and buildings for inclusion in a heritage corridor program.
N. KOHALA
5
6.5.4.2 a) Coordinate with the communities and residents of
North Kohala to identify historic sites and buildings for
protection and preservation.
6
6.5.4.2 b) Encourage the preservation of historic buildings and
promote new development, that matches the style of historic
commercial buildings in the area.
7
6.5.4.2 c) Recognize the natural beauty and history of the area
as a major economic and social asset to be protected and
perpetuated as part of the uniqueness of the island.
S. KOHALA
8
6.5.4.3 a) Support the establishment of Hawaiian Heritage
Corridors.
N. KONA
9
6.5.5.2 a) Establish suitable visual buffers for the
Keakealaniwahine and Keolanahihi complexes as a condition of
rezoning or Special Management Area permits, for nearby
properties.
S. KONA
10
6.5.5.3 a) Support the establishment of Hawaiian Heritage
Corridors.
HIST. COA
43
1971 GP
11
12
13
HISTORIC SITES COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP
6.5.5.3 b) Adopt the Heritage Corridor Plan, which includes
lands from Holualoa to Honaunau.
6.5.5.3 c) Establish buffers on undeveloped lands around
Kealal<el<ua Bay to assure preservation of the region"s unique
environment and cultural resources.
KA'U
6.5.6.2 a) Support the establishment of Hawaiian Heritage
Corridors.
HIST. COA
44
NATURAL BEAUTY GOALS
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
1 Protect, preserve and enhance the quality 7.2 a) Protect, preserve and enhance the quality of areas
Protect and enhance the integrity of areas endowed with of areas endowed with natural beauty including the endowed with natural beauty, including the quality of coastal
natural beauty. quality of coastal scenic resources. scenic resources.
2 Protect scenic vistas and view planes from becoming 7.2 b) Protect scenic vistas and view planes from becoming
obstructed. obstructed.
Protect scenic vistas from becoming obstructed.
3 Maximize opportunities for present and future generations to Maximize opportunities for present and future 7.2 c) Maximize opportunities for present and future
experience natural beauty. generations to appreciate and enjoy natural and scenic beauty. generations to appreciate and enjoy natural and scenic beauty
NATRL. GOAL
2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
Biocultural Stewardship Goal: Natural and cultural resources
are thriving and sustainably managed, preserved, and restored
to maintain our unique and diverse environment.
Objective 4: The historical integrity, character, scenic assets,
and open spaces of our communities are protected, restored,
and treated as unique assets with significant social and
economic value and managed in perpetuity.
Objective 5: Protect, restore, and enhance our communities'
unique scenic character.
45
1971 GP
The County of Hawaii shall establish view plane
regulations to preserve views of scenic or prominent
landscapes from specific locations.
The identification and development of viewing sites
shall be a continuing program of the County of Hawaii.
3 Criteria for safeguards of natural beauty shall be
provided in the design review of developments so as to
blend and harmonize man-made elements with their
natural setting.
10
NATURAL BEAUTY POLICIES
1989 GP
Increase public pedestrian access opportunities to
scenic places and vistas.
The County of Hawaii shall establish view plane
regulations to preserve and enhance views of scenic or
prominent landscapes from specific locations and
coastal aesthetic values.
2005 GP
7.3 a) Increase public pedestrian access opportunities to scenic
places and vistas.
7.3 b) Develop and establish view plane regulations to preserve
and enhance views of scenic or prominent landscapes from
specific locations, and coastal aesthetic values.
NATRL. POLICY
2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
4.1 Require public and private developers to provide historical
and archaeological surveys and cultural assessments, where
appropriate, prior to the clearing or development of land when
there are indications that the land under consideration has
historical significance. (6.3 Policy c)
4.2 Increase public access opportunities to scenic places and
vistas. (Draft 1: Public access to significant historic sites and
objects shall be acquired, where appropriate. 6.3 Policy d)
The County of Hawaii shall maintain a continuing program to 7.3 c) Maintain a continuing program to identify, acquire and 4.3 Public access to significant historic sites and objects shall
identify acquire and develop viewing sites on the develop viewing sites on the island. be determined on a case -by -case basis in consultation with
island. lineal descendants, those with kuleana to that site or object, or
other local sources such as cultural or historic groups. (NEW)
Access easement to public or private lands which have
natural or scenic value shall be provided or acquired
for the public.
Standard criteria for natural and scenic beauty shall
be developed as part of design plans.
The County shall consider structural setbackfrom
major thoroughfares and highways and shall establish
development and design guidelines to protect important
viewplanes.
The County of Hawaii shall maintain a continuing
program to identify exceptional trees or tree masses.
7.3 d) Access easement to public or private lands that have
natural or scenic value shall be provided or acquired for the
public.
7.3 e) Develop standard criteria for natural and scenic beauty as
part of design plans.
4.4 Encourage the restoration of significant sites on a
case -by -case basis in consultation with lineal descendants,
those with kuleana to that site or object, or other local sources
such as cultural or historic groups. (Draft 1: Encourage the
restoration of significant sites on private lands.; 6.3 Policy f)
4.5 The County shall use and promote the use of interpretive
signs and/or other appropriate methods that are in keeping
with the character of the area to recognize landscapes, sites,
buildings, and objects of historic and cultural significance.
(Draft 1, removed: Signs explaining historic sites, buildings and
objects shall be in keeping with the character of the area or the
cultural aspects of the feature.; 6.3 Policy i; 2019 Policy 433)
7.3 f) Consider structural setback from major thoroughfares 4.6 Historic preservation shall represent the full range and
and highways and establish development and design guidelines diversity of the multi -cultural heritage of Hawaii Island. (6.3
to protect important viewplanes. Policy a, b, e, h, j, k, I, m, n, o; 2019 GP Policy 430)
7.3 g) Maintain a continuing program to identify exceptional
trees or tree masses.
7.3 h) Protect the views of areas endowed with natural beauty
by carefully Considering the effects of proposed construction
during all land use reviews.
7.3 i) Do not allow incompatible construction in areas of natural
beauty.
4.7 Maintain an inventory of significant cultural and historic
sites and districts compatible with that of the State Historic
Preservation Division (SHPD). (6.3 Policy g; 2019 Policy 431)
4.8 Ensure that projects requiring preservation plans are
identified on subdivision maps and plan approval site plans.
(2019 Policy 432; 6.3 Policies c, d, f, k, I, o)
4.9 The County shall develop a comprehensive management
plan for historic and cultural resources that are on
County -owned or managed properties. (6.3 Policy e; 2019 Policy
433)
4.10 Maintain the character of County -owned historic
structures and bridges, as appropriate. (5.3 Policy e; Hamakua
CDP Obj 4; Kaua`i Kakou Policy 3; HR5 6E-3 3, 13)
46
1971 GP
12
1989 GP
NATURAL BEAUTY POLICIES
NATRL. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
4.11 Identify outstanding natural or cultural features, such as
water courses, fine groves of trees, heiau, and historical sites
and structures on subdivision preliminary plat maps. (Draft 1:
Outstanding natural or cultural features, such as scenic
resources, water courses, fine groves of trees, heiau, and
historical sites and structures, shall he identified and preserved
during subdivision.) (Ka'u CDP Policy 12)
4.12 Original place names should be restored wherever
possible. (NEW)
47
1971 GP
1 Protect distinctive and identifiable landforms
distinguished as landmarks e.g., Mauna Kea,
Waipio Valley.
2 Protect coastline areas of striking contrast, e.g.,
Laupahoehoe Point.
NATURAL BEAUTY STANDARDS
1989 GP
Protect distinctive and identifiable landforms distinguished as
landmarks e.g., Mauna Kea, Waipio Valley.
Protect coastline areas of striking contrast, e.g., Laupahoehoe
Point.
2DD5 GP
7.4 a) Protect distinctive and identifiable landforms
distinguished as landmarks, e.g. Mauna Kea, Waipio Valley.
7.4 b) Protect coastline areas of striking contrast, e.g.
Laupahoehoe Point.
3 Protect "frontyard" vistas of distinctive features. Protect vistas of distinctive features. 7.4 c) Protect vistas of distinctive features.
4 Protect natural or native vegetation which makes Protect natural or native vegetation which makes a particular 7.4 d) Protect natural or native vegetation attractive to a
a particular area attractive. area attractive. particular area.
5 Protect areas which are harmoniously developed Protect areas which are harmoniously developed and enhanced 7.4 e) Protect areas that are harmoniously developed and
and enhanced by man so as to appear natural. by man so as to appear natural. enhanced by man to appear natural.
NATRL. STAND
48
1971 GP
10
11
12
13
14
15
1989 GP
NATURAL BEAUTY ACTIONS
NATRL. COA
2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
4.a Seek private -Public partnerships to maintain and steward
the preservation of sites, buildings, objects, and landscapes of
significant cultural and historical importance.
4.b Maintain Certified Local Government status and maximize
funding opportunities.
4.c Support the identification of Heritage Landscapes,
Corridors, Areas, and Centers.
4.d Support the development of multi -cultural centers.
4.e Support historic district surveys for our urban centers.
4.f Work with SHPD to establish a framework and database for
Cultural Impact Assessments.
4.g Continue the dialogue between State and County agencies
to identify guidance to protect Native Hawaiian customary and
traditional practices.
4.h Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to develop design
guidelines for designated communities containing significant
historic buildings, sites, or landscapes.
4.i Assess and prioritize County -owned lands for historic site
restoration in collaboration with government, private and
nonprofit agencies, communities, and other stakeholders.
4.j Create and maintain a GIS overlay of historic districts.
4.k Educate and encourage property owners, historical
societies, preservation organizations, lineal descendants and
others with close connections to nominate structures and sites
to the State and National Register of Historic Places. Encourage
collaboration among interested entities.
4.1 Support property owners with the preservation of historic
structures that are on the State and National Register of
Historic Places.
4.m Provide real property tax incentives for historic properties,
including commercial properties.
4.n Support the development of a multi -sector public education
program regarding historic and cultural sites that target key
partners such as the visitor industry, real estate agents, site
developers, consultants, schools, youth groups, and civic
organizations.
5.a Prioritize maintaining the views at scenic overlooks with a
frequently maintained vegetation management program which
includes eradication of invasive species. Coordinate this work
with a regular roadway vegetation management maintenance
Program.
49
16
17
18
19
20
NATRL. COA
NATURAL BEAUTY ACTIONS
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP - Biocultural Stewardship
5.b Develop and establish view plane criteria, rankings, and
regulations to preserve and enhance views of scenic or
prominent landscapes and/or corridors from specific locations
and coastal aesthetics.
5.c Develop a process for reviewing and revising guidelines for
designating Natural Beauty Sites.
5.d Establish a Scenic Resources Protection Program to identify,
inventory, and protect areas of significant beauty. The program
could include recommendations from the Scenic Resources
Inventory and Mapping Project (2016).
5.e Utilize the Scenic Corridor Program for Ali'i Drive
(Mamalahoa Bypass Highway) between Keauhou and Captain
Cook, with limited access and without commercial
development.
5.f Utilize the Scenic Corridor Program for Akoni Pule Highway
between Kawaihae and Puakea, with limited access and
without commercial development.
50
1971 GP
1 Protect and conserve the natural resources of the County of
Hawaii from undue exploitation, encroachment and damage
2 Provide opportunities for the public to fulfill recreational and
educational needs without despoiling or endangering natural
resources.
4
NATURAL RESOURCES & SHORELINE GOALS
1989 GP
Protect and conserve the natural resources of the
County of Hawaii from undue exploitation, encroachment
and damage.
Provide opportunities for the public to fulfill
recreational, economic, and educational needs without
despoiling or endangering natural resources.
Protect and promote the prudent use of Hawaii's
unique, fragile, and significant environmental and
natural resources.
Protect rare or endangered species and habitats native to
Hawaii.
Protect and effectively manage Hawaii's open space,
watersheds, and natural areas.
Ensure that alterations to existing land forms and vegetation,
except crops, and construction of structures cause minimum
adverse effect to water resources, and scenic and recreational
amenities and minimum danger of floods, landslides, erosion,
siltation, or failure in the event of earthquake.
SHORELINE GOAL
2005 GP
8.2 a) Protect and conserve the natural resources from undue
exploitation, encroachment and damage.
8.2 b) Provide opportunities for recreational, economic, and
educational needs without despoiling or endangering natural
resources.
8.2 c) Protect and promote the prudent use of Hawaii's unique,
fragile, and significant environmental and natural resources.
8.2 d) Protect rare or endangered species and habitats native to
Hawaii.
8.2 e) Protect and effectively manage Hawaii's open space,
watersheds, shoreline, and natural areas.
8.2 f) Ensure that alterations to existing land forms, vegetation,
and construction of structures cause minimum adverse effect
to water resources, and scenic and recreational amenities and
minimum danger of floods, landslides, erosion, siltation, or
failure in the event of an earthquake.
51
1971 GP
NATURAL RESOURCES & SHORELINE POLICIES
1989 GP
1 The County of Hawaii should require users of natural resources The County of Hawaii should require users of natural
to conduct their activities in a manner that avoids or minimizes resources to conduct their activities in a manner that
adverse effects on the environment. avoids or minimizes adverse effects on the environment
2 The County should encourage a program of collection and
dissemination of basic data concerning natural resources.
3 The shoreline of the island of Hawaii should be maintained for
recreational, educational, and/ or scientific uses in a manner
that is protective of resources and is of the maximum benefit
to the general public.
4 The shoreline shall be protected from the encroachment of
man-made improvements and structures.
5 The County shall coordinate programs to protect natural
resources with other government agencies.
6 Investigate methods of beach replenishment and sand erosion
control.
The County shall encourage a program of
collection and dissemination of basic data concerning
natural resources.
The shoreline of the island of Hawaii shall
be maintained for recreational, educational, and/or
scientific uses in a manner that is protective of
resources and is of the maximum benefit to the general
public.
The shoreline shall be protected from the encroachment
of man-made improvements and structures.
The County shall coordinate programs to protect
natural resources with other government agencies.
The County shall investigate methods of beach replenishment
and sand erosion control.
The County shall promote sound management and
development of Hawaii's land and marine resources for
potential economic benefit.
The County shall encourage public and private agencies
to manage the natural resources in a manner that
avoids or minimizes adverse effects on the environment
and depletion of energy and natural resources to the
fullest extent.
The County shall encourage an overall conservation
ethic in the use of Hawaii's resources by protecting,
preserving, and conserving the critical and
significant natural resources of the County of Hawaii.
The County shall encourage the protection of
watersheds, forest, brush, and grassland from
destructive agents and uses.
SHORELINE POLICY
2005 GP
8.3 a) Require users of natural resources to conduct their
activities in a manner that avoids or minimizes adverse effects
on the environment.
8.3 b) Encourage a program of collection and dissemination of
basic data concerning natural resources.
8.3 c) Maintain the shoreline for recreational, cultural,
educational, and/or scientific uses in a manner that is
protective of resources and is of the maximum benefit to the
general public.
8.3 d) Protect the shoreline from the encroachment of
man-made improvements and structures.
8.3 e) Coordinate programs to protect natural resources with
other government agencies.
8.3 f) Investigate methods of beach replenishment and sand
erosion control.
8.3 g) Promote sound management and development of
Hawaii's land and marine resources for potential economic
benefit.
8.3 h) Encourage public and private agencies to manage the
natural resources in a manner that avoids or minimizes adverse
effects on the environment and depletion of energy and natural
resources to the fullest extent.
8.3 i) Encourage an overall conservation ethic in the use of
Hawaii's resources by protecting, preserving, and conserving
the critical and significant natural resources of the County of
Hawaii.
8.3 j) Encourage the protection of watersheds, forest, brush,
and grassland from destructive agents and uses.
52
1971 GP
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
NATURAL RESOURCES & SHORELINE POLICIES
1989 GP
An identification and inventory of forest lands
suitable for watershed purposes should be conducted
jointly by County, appropriate State and Federal
agencies, and private landowners.
The County shall encourage and work with the
appropriate State, Federal agencies, and private
landowners to establish a program to protect
identified watersheds.
The County shall encourage appropriate State agencies
to review and designate forest and watershed areas
into the conservation district during state land use
boundary comprehensive reviews.
The installation of utility facilities, highways and related public
improvements in natural and wildland areas should avoid the
contamination or despoilment of natural resources where
feasible by design review, conservation principles, and by
mutual agreement between the County and affected agencies.
The County shall encourage the continued
identification and inclusion of unique wildlife
habitat areas of native Hawaiian flora and fauna
within the Natural Area Reserve System.
Encourage the use of native plants for screening and
landscaping.
SHORELINE POLICY
2005 GP
8.3 k) An identification and inventory of forest lands suitable
for watershed purposes should be conducted jointly by County,
appropriate State and Federal agencies, and private
landowners.
8.3 1) Work with the appropriate State, Federal agencies, and
private landowners to establish a program to manage and
protect identified watersheds.
8.3 m) Encourage appropriate State agencies to review and
designate forest and watershed areas into the conservation
district during State land use boundary comprehensive reviews.
8.3 n) The installation of utility facilities, highways and related
public improvements in natural and wildland areas should avoid
the contamination or despoilment of natural resources where
feasible by design review, conservation principles, and by
mutual agreement between the County and affected agencies.
8.3 o) Encourage the continued identification and inclusion of
unique wildlife habitat areas of native Hawaiian flora and fauna
within the Natural Area Reserve System.
8.3 p) Encourage the use of native plants for screening and
landscaping.
8.3 q) Develop policies by which native Hawaiian gathering
rights will be protected as identified underjudicial decisions.
8.3 r) Ensure public access is provided to the shoreline, public
trails and hunting areas, including free public parking where
appropriate.
8.3 s) Establish a system of pedestrian access trails to places of
scenic, historic, cultural, natural, or recreational values.
8.3 t) Preserve and protect significant lava tube caves.
8.3 u) Ensure that activities authorized or funded by the County
do not damage important natural resources.
53
1971 GP
22
23
24
NATURAL RESOURCES & SHORELINE POLICIES
1989 GP
SHORELINE POLICY
2005 GP
8.3 v) Within the Kona high rainfall/fog-drip belt, ground
disturbing activities such as excessive soil compaction and
excessive removal of vegetative cover should be minimized and
mitigated consistent with management strategies that
encourage the retention of existing forested and pasture areas,
reforestation, minimal coverage by impervious surfaces and
other strategies that encourage effective infiltration to
groundwater.
8.3 w) Implement Council Resolution Nos. 330-96 and 58-97 in
land use approvals.
8.3 x) Create incentives for landowners to retain and
re-establish forest cover in upland watershed areas with
emphasis on native forest species.
54
1971 GP
1 Protect and conserve areas necessary for the protection and
propagation of specified endangered native wildlife, and
conservation for natural ecosystems of endemic plants, fish
and wildlife.
NATURAL RESOURCES & SHORELINE STANDARDS
1989 GP
Protect and conserve areas necessary for the protection and
propagation of specified endangered native wildlife, and
conservation for natural ecosystems of endemic plants, fish
and wildlife.
2 Protect and conserve lands necessary for the preservation of Protect and conserve lands necessary for the preservation of
forests, park lands, wilderness and beach areas. forests, park lands, wilderness and beach areas.
3 Protect and conserve lands with a general slope of 20% or more
which provide open space amenities or possess unusual scenic
qualities.
4 Protect and conserve lands necessary for the protection of
watersheds, water sources and water supplies.
5 Protect and conserve lands with topographic, locational, soils,
climate or other environmental factors that may not be
normally adaptable or required for urban, rural, agricultural or
public use.
6 Protect and conserve the installation of utility facilities,
highways and related public improvements in natural and
wildland areas should avoid the contamination or despoilment
of natural resources by design review, conservation principles,
and by mutual agreement the County and affected agencies.
Protect and conserve lands with a general slope of 20% or more
which provide open space amenities or possess unusual scenic
qualities.
Protect and conserve lands necessary for the protection of
watersheds, water sources and water supplies.
Protect and conserve lands with topographic, locational, soils,
climate or other environmental factors that may not be
normally adaptable or required for urban, rural, agricultural or
public use.
The Coastal Zone and Special Management Area as defined by
statute and in accordance with the adopted objectives and
guidelines.
SHORELINE STAND
2005 GP
8.4 a) Protect and conserve areas necessary for the protection
and propagation of specified endangered native wildlife, and
conservation for natural ecosystems of endemic plants, fish
and wildlife.
8.4 b) Protect and conserve lands necessary for the
preservation of forests, park lands, wilderness and beach areas.
8.4 c) Protect and conserve lands with a general slope of 20% or
more which provide open space amenities or possess unusual
scenic qualities.
8.4 d) Protect and conserve lands necessary for the protection
of watersheds, water sources and water supplies.
8.4 e) Protect and conserve lands with topographic, locational,
soils, climate or other environmental factors that may not be
normally adaptable or required for urban, rural, agricultural or
public use.
8.4 f) The Coastal Zone and Special Management Area as
defined by statute and in accordance with the adopted
objectives and guidelines.
55
HOUSING GOALS
1971 GP 1989 GP
1 Encourage safe, sanitary, and livable housing. Attain safe, sanitary, and livable housing for the residents of
the County of Hawaii.
2 To attain diversity of socio-economic housing mix throughout Attain a diversity of socio-economic housing mixthroughout
the different parts of the County. the different parts of the County.
3 Formulate program for housing.
Maintain a housing supplywhich allows a variety of choice.
4 Maintain a housing supply which allows a variety of choice.
Develop better places to live in Hawaii County by
creating viable communities with decent housing and
suitable living environments for our people.
5 Zoning Ordinance.
Improve and maintain the quality and affordability of
the existing housing stock.
6 Subdivision Ordinance.
Seek sufficient production of new affordable rental
and fee -simple housing in the County in a variety of
sizes to satisfactorily accommodate the needs and
desires of families and individuals.
7 Uniformity of housing information system.
Ensure that housing is available to all persons
regardless of age, sex, marital status ethnic
background, and income.
8 The standards for housing shall not be limited to the above, but
The cornerstone of the County's housing programs and
shall also include the standards listed for single-family and
activities shall continue to be the encouragement and
multiple residential land use elements.
expansion of appropriate home ownership opportunities
for our residents.
HOUSING GOAL
2005 GP
2045 GP
9.2 a) Attain safe, sanitary, and livable housing for the residents Housing Goal: Residents have access to adequate and
of the County of Hawaii.
affordable housing to meet the needs of the population and
provide equitable opportunities for household flexibility and
mobility.
9.2 b) Attain a diversity of socio-economic housing mix
Objective 37 (Diversify and Expand Housing): Increase the
throughout the different parts of the County.
number and variety of newly constructed housing units for rent
and sale that addresses a range of Area Median Income (AMI).
9.2 c) Maintain a housing supplythat allows a variety of
Objective 38 (Manage Existing Housing): Monitor, conserve,
choices.
and improve the existing housing stock.
9.2 d) Create viable communities with affordable housing and
Objective 39 (Create Housing Affordability): Prioritize
suitable living environments.
providing quality affordable housing for Hawaii's residents.
9.2 e) Improve and maintain the quality and affordability of the
existing housing inventory.
9.2 f) Seek sufficient production of new affordable rental and
fee -simple housing in the County in a variety of sizes to
satisfactorily accommodate the needs and desires of families
and individuals.
9.2 g) Ensure that housing is available to all persons regardless
of age, sex, marital status, ethnic background, and income.
9.2 h) Make affordable housing available in reasonable
proximityto employment centers.
9.2 i) Encourage and expand home ownership opportunities for
residents.
56
1971 GP
1989 GP
HOUSING POLICIES
2005 GP
2045 GP
1 It shall be the policy of the County of Hawaii to assure that The County shall encourage a volume of ronstruction and 9.3 a) Encourage a volume of construrtion and rehabilitation of Diversify and Expand Housing
safe, sanitary, and livable housing is available to persons of all rehabilitation of housing sufficient to meet growth needs and housing sufficient to meet growth needs and corrert existing
ages, income and ethnic groups and to provide a variety of
choice as to location and types.
2 A volume of construction and rehabilitation of housing
sufficient to meet growth needs and correct existing
deficiencies shall he promoted.
correct existing deficiencies.
defiriencies.
The construction of specially designed facilities for elderly 9.3 b) Encourage the construction of specially designed
persons needing institutional care and for active elderly persons facilities or communities for elderly persons needing
shall he encouraged. institutional care and small home care units for active elderly
persons.
3 The construction of specially designed facilities for elderly The County shall encourage corporations and nonprofit 9.3 c) Encourage corporations and nonprofit organizations to
persons needing institutional care and for active elderly persons organizations to participate in Federal programs to provide new participate in Federal, State and private programs to provide
shall be encouraged. and rehabilitated housing for low and moderate income new and rehabilitated housing for low and moderate income
households. families.
4 The use of new housing design and construction shall be
encouraged to keep housing costs at a minimum and to
increase the volume of production through the further use of
technological innovations.
HOUSING POLICY
37.1 County departments shall collaborate to identify and
prioritize infrastructure needs such as roads, water, and
wastewater and public -private partnerships that support the
desired density of housing types near mixed -use centers and
transit hubs in urban growth areas. (9.3 Policy (t))
37.2 Incentivize a mix of diverse housing types, including
missing middle housing, smaller house designs, and
mixed -income communities. (9.3 Policy (y))
The County shall continually review its codes and ordinances to 9.3 d) Support the construction of housing for minimum wage 37.3 Prioritize new housing including the missing middle in or
see if there are overly stringent restrictions which may impose and agricultural workers. near mixed -use developments, urban growth areas with
unnecessary hardship and adopt amendments if warranted.
5 Corporations and non-profit organizations shall be encouraged The County shall study and implement appropriate measures to 9.3 e) Continue to review codes and ordinances for overly
to participate in Federal programs to provide new and
rehabilitated housing for low and moderate income households
and the elderly.
6 The County shall make maximum utilization of all Federal and
State programs and disseminate information on these available
assistance programs to the public, financial institutions, supply
houses, and developers.
curb property speculative practices which result in increased stringent restrictions that may impose unnecessary hardship
housing costs. and adopt amendments if warranted.
The County shall protect residential property values from
depreciating influences.
9.3 f) Continue to study and implement appropriate measures
to Curb property speculative practices that result in increased
housing costs.
7 Improvements in financing practices that will help to make Large industries which create a demand for housing shall 9.3 g) Large industries or developments that create a demand
housing more readily available to all persons shall be actively provide employee housing based upon a ratio to be determined for housing shall provide employee housing based upon a ratio
sought by the County. by an analysis of the locality's needs. to be determined by an analysis of the locality's needs.
8 Public and private programs intended to increase the supply of
housing and to create a variety of choice shall be encouraged.
9 The County shall promote and support the use of Turnkey
developments and encourage the use of cluster and planned
unit developments.
The County shall formulate a program for housing which
identifies specific mechanisms to implement the housing goals.
The County shall utilize its housing powers to accomplish its
housing goals and shall utilize existing programs and seek out
new programs and resources to address the housing needs of
its residents.
10 The County shall review its codes and ordinances to see if there The County shall initiate and participate in activities with the
are overly stringent restrictions which may impose unnecessary Private sector including the provision of leadership and
hardship.
11 It shall be the policy of the County to study measures for
curbing speculation practices and for reducing housing costs.
expertise to neighborhoods and nonprofit organizations in the
development of housing and community development projects.
Increase rental opportunities and choices in terms of quality,
cost. amenity, style and size of housing, especially for low and
moderate income households.
9.3 h) Formulate a program for housing that identifies specific
mechanisms to implement the housing goals.
9.3 i) Initialize housing powers and programs to accomplish
housing goals and seek out new programs and resources to
address the housing needs of the residents.
9.3 j) Initiate and participate in activities with the private sector
including the provision of leadership and expertise to
neighborhoods and nonprofit organizations in the development
of housing and community development projects.
9.3 k) Increase rental opportunities and choices in terms of
quality, cost, amenity, style and size of housing, especially for
low and moderate income households.
infrastructure, and near existing and proposed transit centers.
(9.2 Goal (r); 9.3 Policy (1); McKinsley Global Institute Housing
affordability)
37.4 Support experimental housing, energy efficiency, and
compact housing communities in accordance with HRS, Section
46-15. (9.3 Policies n, q; HRS 46-15)
37.5 Incentivize the use of universal design principles and AUA
accessibility in new construction to create physically accessible
housing for children, the aging, and those with mobility
limitations. (9.3 Policy (m))
37.6 Vacant lands in the urban growth boundary (UGB) should
be prioritized for residential and supportive uses before
additional agricultural lands outside the UGB are converted into
urban uses. (9.3 Policy (x))
Manage Existing Housing
38.1 Enable data -driven research to support and maintain a
housing inventory program that monitors existing housing. (9.2
Goal (e), (h); HRS 201H-6)
38.2 Incentivize the use of universal design principles and AUA
improvements forthe rehabilitation of existing housing and to
create physical accessibility for those with mobility limitations.
(NEW: APA Policy Guide on Aging in Community)
38.3 Encourage the adaptive reuse of non-residential spaces for
residential purposes in urban growth areas where supporting
infrastructure exists. (NEW: Planning best practices, City of
Pheonix, Adaptive Reuse Program)
57
1971 GP
12 The County shall encourage the State to construct homes for
lease. The lease on the house and lot should be on a long-term
basis and should be at a reasonable lease rate. In this way, the
people's natural resource of land can still be perpetuated
through public ownership and at the same time housing can be
provided without heavy initial investment.
13 The County realizes that the investment in home ownership
constitutes the largest single investment for most of its
residents. It is therefore the policy of the County to protect
residential property values from depreciating influences.
14 There shall be a systematic code enforcement schedule to
upgrade the quality of the existing housing inventory. The
County shall also seek means of assuring the maintenance of all
housing in livable condition through programs of renewal,
rehabilitation or redevelopment.
HOUSING POLICY
HOUSING POLICIES
1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP
Support programs which improve, maintain, and rehabilitate 9.3 1) Support programs that improve, maintain, and 36.4 Identify and support federal, state, and local housing
the existing housing stockto maintain the viability of existing rehabilitate the existing housing inventory to maintain the assistance programs to rehabilitate existing housing for very
communities. viability of existing communities. low- to moderate -income residents. (9.3 Policies: a, c, j, 1, s, v)
Arcommodate the housing requirements of the sperial need 9.3 m) Accommodate the housing requirements of special need Create Housing Affordability
groups including the elderly, handicapped and those residents groups including the elderly, handicapped, homeless and those
living in rural areas of the County. residents in rural areas.
Investigate, develop, and promote the creation of new 9.3 n) Investigate, develop, and promote the creation of new
innovative and timely financing techniques and programs to innovative and timelyfinancing techniques and programs to
reduce the cost of housing in Hawaii County. reduce the cost of housing.
15 Large industries which create a demand for housing shall Encourage the use of suitable public lands for housing 9.3 0) Encourage the use of suitable public lands for housing
provide employee housing based upon a ratio to be determined purposes in fee or lease. purposes in fee or lease.
by an analysis of the locality's needs.
39.1 Support affordable housing developments for all users
including but not limited to the following groups:
middle -income workforce, elderly, minimum wage workers,
agriculture workers, individuals with special needs, individuals
with disabilities, homeless, and retired individuals. (9.2 Goals f,
g; Policy 9.3 (d))
39.2 Support innovative and experimental housing types that
address homelessness located near services, job centers, and
transit hubs, while providing support services such as rent
assistance. (NW: City of Portland 2035 Comprehensive Plan:
Policy 5.4, 5.46)
16 The County shall encourage the construction of homes for lease 9.3 p) Encourage the construction of homes for lease or lease
39.3 All affordable housing projects that receive development
or lease with option to purchase.
with option to purchase.
benefits from the County, such as land use/zoning approvals,
special approvals (including HRS, Section 201-H), conditional
uses, and density bonuses, shall be required to maintain the
affordable rental units for not less than 20 years pursuant to
deed restrictions or other mechanisms specified in the HCC.
(Kona CDP 1-1513-5.2; HUD HOME & CDBG_
17 Promote research and development of methods, programs, and 9.3 q) Promote research and development of methods,
39.4 Reduce the cost and time of processing land use and
activities including the review of regulatory requirements and
programs, and activities including the review of regulatory
construction applications, particularly for affordable housing
procedures as they affect housing, to reduce the costs
requirements and procedures as they affect housing, to reduce
projects. (Policy 9.3 (q))
consistent with the public health, safety and welfare.
the costs consistent with the public health, safety and welfare.
18 The County shall adopt appropriate ordinances and rules as
9.3 r) Adopt appropriate ordinances and rules as necessary to
39.5 Allow for and apply property tax and land use regulations
necessaryto implement its housing programs and activities.
implement its housing programs and activities.
to incentivize private property owners to provide affordable
housing units in mixed -use and urban areas and to
disincentivize the land banking of unimproved properties. (9.3
Policies: e, u)
19 Utilize financing technique that reduce the cost of housing:
9.3 s) Utilize financing techniques that reduce the cost of
39.6 Encourage public agencies and private organizations to
including the issuance of tax exempt bonds and the
housing, including the issuance of tax-exempt bonds and the
participate in federal, state, and private programs to provide
implementation of interim financing programs.
implementation of interim financing programs.
new and rehabilitated housing and rental opportunities for low -
and moderate -income households. (9.3 Policy (c))
20 Seekto ensure that adequate infrastructure is available in
9.3 t) Ensure that adequate infrastructure is available in
39.7 Enable housing programs that implement a land trust
appropriate locations to support the timely development of
appropriate lorations to support the timely development of
strategy for publicly owned parcels. (9.3 Policy (o))
affordable housing.
affordable housing.
58
1971 GP
21
22
23
24
25
HOUSING POLICIES
1989 GP 2005 GP
Investigate the use of the County's taxing powers as a possible 9.3 u) Investigate the use of the County's taxing powers as a
means to increase the supply of affordable housing. possible means to increase the supply of affordable housing.
The County shall work with, encourage and support the private 9.3 v) Work with, encourage and support private sector efforts
sector efforts in the provision of affordable housing. in the provision of affordable housing.
9.3 w) Encourage the development of affordable retirement
communities.
9.3 x) Vacant lands in urban areas and urban expansion areas
should be made available for residential uses before additional
agricultural lands are converted into residential uses.
9.3 y) Aid and encourage the development of a wide variety of
housing to achieve a diversity of socio-economic housing mix.
HOUSING POLICY
2045 GP
39.8 Encourage the development of workforce housing within
or near urban growth areas and employment centers and
require large new developments that create a demand for
housing to provide affordable workforce housing. (9.2 Goal (h);
9.3 Policy (g))
39.9 Enable and encourage the development of affordable
retirement communities and aging -in -place opportunities that
are located near services and activities for seniors. (9.3 Policy
(w))
39.10 Affordable housing projects should have sufficient open
space and recreational amenities or be located near public
facilities. (New)
59
1971 GP
1 Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Housing
Code.
2 Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Building
Code.
3 Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Electrical
Code.
4 Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Plumbing
Code.
5 Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Zoning
Code.
6 Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Subdivision
Code.
7
Housing standards shall consist of and comply with uniformity
of housing information system.
8 The standards for housing shall not be limited to the above, but
shall also include the standards listed for single-family and
multiple residential land use elements.
HOUSING STANDARDS
1989 GP
Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Housing
Code.
Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Building
Code.
Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Electrical
Code.
Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Plumbing
Code.
Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Zoning
Code.
Housing standards shall consist of and comply with Subdivision
Code.
Standards of the single-family and multiple residential land use
element.
2005 GP
9.4 a) Housing standards shall consist of and comply with
Housing Code.
9.4 b) Housing standards shall consist of and comply with
Building Code.
9.4 c) Housing standards shall consist of and comply with
Electrical Code.
9.4 d) Housing standards shall consist of and comply with
Plumbing Code.
9.4 e) Housing standards shall consist of and comply with
Zoning Code.
9.4 f) Housing standards shall consist of and comply with
Subdivision Code.
9.4 g) Housing standards shall consist of and comply with
standards of the single-family and multiple residential land use
elements.
HOUSING STAND
2045 GP
Affordable Housing Standard Guidelines (Table 40)
60
1971 GP
1 Aid and encourage the development of
a wide variety of housing choice
for this area.
2 Encourage the sugar company to
continue assistance in providing
employees with suitable housing or
house sites before phasing out of the
rental housing market.
3 Since the sugar company has lands
zoned for residential use within
existing urban centers, they should be
encouraged to make these lands
available on the private market.
4
5 Encourage the State to provide
student, faculty, and staff housing for
the University of Hawaii at Hilo and the
Community College.
6 Obtain Federal assistance for
replacement or rehabilitation of
housing units in the Hilo area.
7 Aid the State in providing housing for
low and moderate income families,
"gap groups" and the elderly in this
area through the State Housing
Program.
HOUSING COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP
PUNA
Aid and encourage the development of a
wide variety housing choice for this area
Since the sugar company has lands zoned
for residential use within existing urban
areas, they should be encouraged to make
these lands available on the private market.
Consider and encourage the use of a variety
of mechanisms to provide the necessary
infrastructure in the nonconforming
subdivision
Encourage the maintenance and
rehabilitation of the existing housing stock
to maintain the viability of existing
communities
S. HILO
Encourage the State to provide student,
faculty, and staff housing for the University
of Hawaii at Hilo and
the Community College.
Participate in a variety of programs for the
replacement or rehabilitation of
housing units in the Hilo area.
Participate in and coordinate housing
projects for low and moderate income
families, "gap -groups" and the elderly in
this area.
9.5.1.2 a) Consider and encourage the use of a variety
of mechanisms to provide the necessary infrastructure
in nonconforming subdivisions.
9.5.1.2 b) Encourage the maintenance and
rehabilitation of the existing housing inventory to
maintain the viability of existing communities.
9.5.2.2 a) Encourage the State to provide student,
faculty, and staff housing for the University of Hawaii
at Hilo and the Hawaii Community College.
9.5.2.2 b) Aid and encourage in a variety of programs
for the replacement or rehabilitation of housing units.
9.5.2.2 c) Aid and encourage housing projects for low
and moderate income families, "gap groups" and the
elderly.
HOUSING COA
2045 GP
Diversify and Expand Housing
37.a Establish interdepartmental procedures to
collaboratively identify, prioritize, and build
infrastructure that supports housing in or near
mixed -use areas and transit centers in urban areas.
37.b Review the State housing inventory every 5 years
and conduct scenario modeling to identify existing
housing types, housing needs, and land use and
building code updates that will provide for diversified
housing, a mix of development types, and efficient and
alternative construction methods in urban areas.
37.c Assess and amend the land use and building
regulations and explore fiscal opportunities to support
universal design principles and ADA accessibility for
more physically accessible housing.
37.d Advocate for the State to provide student, faculty,
and staff housing around State education facilities and
established urban centers with transit.
37.e Advocate for the State to provide staff housing
around State health care facilities and established
urban centers with transit.
37.f Initiate collaboration and learning opportunities
among communities, nonprofits, and housing
developers as it relates to housing and community
development projects.
37.g Amend the zoning and building regulations to
allow affordability of various housing types, particularly
the missing middle in urban areas.
37.h Develop and implement various incentives to
facilitate smaller house designs or multi -family
housing options such as expedited permitting, fee
waivers, and tax incentives.
61
1971 GP
8 Coordinate with non-profit and private
interests in obtaining government aid
to construct and provide a variety of
housing choice for low and moderate
income residents of this area.
9 Encourage the sugar companies to
continue assistance in providing
their employees with suitable housing
before phasing out of the rental
housing market.
10 Since the majority of the lower lands in
this district are owned by the sugar
companies, they should be encouraged
to also make lands available for the
private market.
11 Aid and encourage the development of
a wide variety of housing for this area
to achieve a diversity of socio-economic
housing mix.
12 Support the plantations' plan to
centralize housing in certain areas. This
would not only minimize cost of
services within the communities but
would also maximize the efficiency of
the available services.
13 Aid the State in providing for this area -
housing for low and moderate income
families, "gap groups" and the elderly,
through the State Housing Program.
HOUSING COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
Aid and encourage the development of
State lands in the South Hilo area for
housing for all socio-economic levels
through leasehold or purchase.
N. HILO
Encourage the sugar companies to
continue assistance
in providing their employees with suitable
housing
before phasing out of the rental housing
market.
Since the majority of the lower lands in this
district are owned by the sugar companies,
they should be encouraged to also make
lands available for the private market.
Aid and encourage the development of a
wide variety of housing for this area to
achieve a diversity of socio-economic
housing mix.
Support the plantations' plans to centralize
housing in certain areas.
Coordinate and participate with the State
and the sugar companies in providing for
rural housing programs for low and
moderate income families, "gap groups"
and the elderly.
2005 GP
2045 GP
9.5.2.2 d) Aid and encourage the development of State Manage Existing Housing
lands for housing for all socio-economic levels through
leasehold or purchase.
9.5.3.2 a) Coordinate and participate with the State
and Federal governments in providing rural housing
programs for low and moderate income families, "gap
groups" and the elderly.
HOUSING COA
38.a Perform existing housing inventory data analysis
to identify structural conditions and needs for
rehabilitation or demolition.
38.b Review and amend the zoning and building
regulations to support the adaptive reuse of non-
residential spaces for residential housing units.
38.c Amend building regulations to allow for as -built
permits and new renovation permits for less than 50
percent of an existing structure to conform with the
building code of the year the main structure was
permitted, excluding electrical and other critical life
safety codes.
38.d Create, aid, and encourage programs to maintain
and rehabilitate the existing housing inventory,
including consideration for self-help programs.
38.e Perform ongoing analysis of available housing
assistance programs for public and private
stakeholders.
38.f Develop and maintain an outreach program to
disseminate information and educate stakeholders
about housing assistance programs.
62
1971 GP
14 Support the plantations' plan to
centralize housing in certain areas. This
would not only minimize cost of
services within the communities but
would also maximize the efficiency of
the available services.
15 Support the Department of Education
and Hawaii Housing Authority policy of
dispersing teacher housing throughout
the community rather
than concentrating them all in one
location.
16 Aid and encourage the development of
a wide variety of housing for this
area to attain a diversity of
socio-economic housing mix.
17 Since many of the lands in and around
the existing urban centers are owned
by the plantations, they should be
encouraged to also make lands
available for the private market.
18 Aid and encourage the development of
a wide variety of housing for this
area to attain a diversity of
socio-economic housing mix.
HOUSING COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP
HAMAKUA
Support the sugar company's plan to
centralize housing in certain areas. This
would not only minimize cost of services
within the communities but would also
maximize the efficiency of the available
services.
Aid and encourage the development of a
wide variety of housing for this
area to attain a diversity of socio-econornic
housing mix including elderly housing.
Since much of the lands in and around the
existing urban centers are owned by the
sugar company, it should be encouraged to
also make lands available for the private
market.
Encourage programs to rehabilitate and
replace the existing housing stock, including
consideration for self-help programs.
N. KOHALA
9.5.4.2 a) Aid and encourage programs to rehabilitate
and replace the existing housing inventory, including
consideration for self-help programs.
Aid and encourage the development of a 9.5.5.2 a) Require developments that create a demand
wide variety of housing for this for employee housing provide for that need.
area to attain a diversity of socio-economic
housing mix including elderly housing.
HOUSING COA
2045 GP
38.g Amend the Real Property Tax Code to incentivize
long term occupied housing.
Create Housing Affordability
39.a Review and amend zoning and building codes to
allow for innovative housing solutions for the homeless
such as permanent supportive housing, transitional
housing/camps, micro -housing communities,
emergency, and temporary shelters.
39.b Amend the housing code to require and maintain
the long-term affordability of affordable housing
developments.
39.c Amend land use and building regulations to
reduce costs and streamline the processing of
affordable housing applications and facilitate
concurrent applications when possible.
39.d Revise financial mechanisms and property tax
provisions to allow for creative finance solutions to
incentivize new construction and rehabilitation of
affordable housing.
39.e Form an Affordable Housing Advisory Committee
to complete an island -wide Affordable Housing
Strategic Plan and that prioritizes home ownership for
local families to build equity.
63
1971 GP
19 Since many of the lands in and around
the existing urban centers are owned
bythe plantations, they should be
encouraged to also make lands
available for the private market.
20 Encourage the sugar company to
continue its assistance in providing
employees with suitable housing
before phasing out of the rental
housing market.
21 The County shall require that
developments which create a demand
for employee housing shall provide for
that need.
22 Aid and encourage the development of
State lands in this area for housing
for all socio-economic levels through
leasehold or purchase.
23 Aid and encourage the development of
a wide variety of housing for this
area to attain a diversity of
socio-economic housing mix.
24
HOUSING COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
The County shall require that developments
which create a demand for employee
housing shall provide for
that need.
Encourage programs to rehabilitate and
replace the existing housing stock, including
consideration for
self-help programs.
S.KOHALA
2005 GP
9.5.5.2 b) Aid and encourage programs to rehabilitate
and replace the existing housing inventory, including
consideration for self-help programs.
The County shall require that developments 9.5.6.2 a) Require developments that create a demand
which create a demand for employee for employee housing provide for that need.
housing shall provide for
the need.
Aid and encourage the development of 9.5.6.2 b) Aid and encourage the development of State
State lands in this area for housing for all lands for housing for all socioeconomic levels through
socio-economic levels through leasehold or leasehold or purchase.
purchase.
Aid and encourage the development of a
9.5.6.2 c) Aid and encourage housing programs for low
wide variety of housing for this area to
and moderate income, "gap groups" and the elderly.
attain a diversity of socio-economic housing
mix.
Participate and coordinate housing
9.5.6.2 d) County -owned land at Waikoloa Village shall
programs for low and moderate income,
be made available for the development of affordable
"gap groups" and the elderly.
housing.
N. KONA
HOUSING COA
2045 GP
39.f Establish an internal County housing working
group to include OHCD, Planning, DPW, DWS, DEM,
Finance, and DPR at a minimum to coordinate planning
and infrastructure that supports affordable housing.
39.g Adopt a County affordable housing program,
similar to HRS, Section 201 H, that encourages
development, reduces cost, and simplifies permitting.
39.h Coordinate with the State and Federal agencies to
provide housing programs for low- to
moderate -income households, educate families about
the opportunities, and ensure equitable access.
39.i Partner with government and private housing
entities and housing trusts to fund and support
community -based non-profit organizations to provide
adequate and equitable affordable housing.
39.j Amend land use and development regulations to
incentivize new workforce and retirement communities
and to require large new developments to provide
affordable housing suitable for employees in or near
the development.
64
1971 GP
25 Since the lands in this district are hilly,
the County shall encourage the
use of cluster and planned unit
developments which can take
advantage
of the topography.
26 The County shall require that
developments which create a demand
for employee housing shall provide for
that need.
27 Aid and encourage the development of
a wide variety of housing for this area
to attain a diversity of socio-economic
housing mix.
28 The County shall provide assistance and
encourage the State to negotiate with
large landowners for land exchange or
purchase to provide for those people
who would be affected by the future
plans of these landowners.
29 Since the lands in this district are hilly,
the County shall encourage the
use of cluster and planned unit
developments which can take
advantage of the topographic
conditions.
30 Aid and encourage the development of
a wide variety of housing for this area
to attain a diversity of socio-economic
housing mix.
HOUSING COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP
Since the lands in this district are sloped, 9.5.7.2 a) Encourage the use of innovative types of
the County shall encourage the housing developments, such as cluster and planned
use of cluster and planned unit unit developments, that take advantage of the steep
developments which can take advantage topographic conditions.
of the topography.
The County shall require that developments 9.5.7.2 b) Require developments that create a demand
which create a demand for employee for employee housing provide for that need.
housing shall provide for that need.
Aid and encourage the development of a 9.5.7.2 c) Increase affordable housing opportunities in
wide variety of housing forthis area to the Kailua-Kona area.
attain a diversity of socio-economic housing
mix.
S. KONA
The County shall provide assistance and
encourage the State to negotiate with large
landowners for land exchange or purchase
to provide for those people who would be
affected by the future plans of landowners.
Since the lands in this district are sloped,
the County shall encourage the
use of cluster and planned unit
developments which can take advantage of
the topographic conditions.
Aid and encourage the development of a
wide variety of housing for this area to
attain a diversity of socio-economic housing
mix.
9.5.8.2 a) Encourage the use of innovative types of
housing developments, such as cluster and planned
unit developments, that take advantage of the steep
topographic conditions.
9.5.8.2 b) Increase affordable housing opportunities in
South Kona.
KA'U
31 Aid and encourage the development of Aid and encourage the development of a 9.5.9.2 a) Require developments that create a demand
a wide variety of housing for this area wide variety of housing for this area in order for employee housing provide for that need.
to attain a diversity of housing mix. to attain a diversity of housing mix.
2045 GP
HOUSING COA
65
1971 GP
32 Encourage the sugar companies to
continue their assistance in providing
employees with suitable housing
before phasing out of the rental
housing market.
33 Since many of the lands in and around
the existing urban centers are owned
bythe plantations, they should be
encouraged to also make lands
available for the private market.
34
HOUSING COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
Encourage the sugar companyto continue
their assistance in providing employees
with suitable housing before phasing out of
the rental housing market.
Since many of the lands in and around the
existing urban centers are owned by the
sugar company, they should be encouraged
to also make lands available for the private
market.
The County shall require that developments
which create a demand for employee
housing shall provide for that need.
2005 GP
2045 GP
HOUSING COA
66
1971 GP
1 It is the goal of the County to provide public facilities that
effectively service community needs and to continue to seek
ways of improving public service through better and more
functional facilities which are in keeping with environmental
and aesthetic concerns of the community.
2
PUBLIC FACILITIES GOALS
1989 GP
Encourage the provision of public facilities that effectively
service community needs and seek ways of improving public
service through better and more functional facilities which are
in keeping with the environmental and aesthetic concerns of
the community.
2005 GP
10.1.2 a) Encourage the provision of public facilities that
effectively service community and visitor needs and seek ways
of improving public service through better and more functional
facilities in keeping with the environmental and aesthetic
concerns of the community.
PUB. FAC. GOALS
2045 GP - Public Facilities & Services
Public Facilities & Services Goal: Our communities are safe
and protected, and have access to integrative health,
education, and social services to support a high quality of life
for all residents.
Public Facilities & Services Goal: Our communities are
adequately served by sustainable and efficient public
infrastructure, utilities, and services based on existing and
future growth needs, sound design principles, and effective
maintenance practices.
Objective 31: Adequately maintain public facilities.
Objective 32: Protect the health and well-being of residents
and visitors.
Objective 33: Achieve Zero Waste in Hawaii County by 2045.
Objective 34: Each community has access to a wide range of
educational opportunities.
67
1971 GP
1989 GP
PUBLIC FACILITIES POLICIES
2005 GP
2045 GP
PUB. FAC. POLICY
In order to provide the necessary facilities to effectively serve The County shall continue to seek ways of improving public 10.1.3 a) Continue to seek ways of improving public service 31.1 Maintain an Asset Management Program aimed at
community needs, the County shall continue to seek ways of service through the coordination of service and by maximizing through the coordination of service and maximizing the use of utilizing maintenance plans to prolong the life of our facilities
improving public service the use of personnel and facilities. personnel and facilities. as well as reduce whole -life costs. (10.1.3 Policies a, c; 2019
through the coordination of service and by maximizing the use Policy 171, 610)
of personnel and facilities.
10
The County shall coordinate with appropriate State agencies for 10.1.3 b) Coordinate with appropriate State agencies for the
the provision of public facilities to serve the needs of the
provision of public facilities to serve the needs of the
community.
community.
The County shall develop short and long range capital
10.1.3 c) Develop short and long-range capital improvement
improvement programs and operating budgets for public
programs and operating budgets for public facilities and
facilities and services.
services.
The County's Capital Improvement and Operating budgets shall
10.1.3 d) Develop and adopt an Impact Fees Ordinance.
reflect the goals and policies of the County General Plan.
The County shall require a 6 year, long term, capital 10.1.3 e) Capital Improvement and Operating budgets shall
improvements budget by County Departments and agencies reflect the goals and policies of the County General Plan.
which shall be reviewed for consistency with the County's
General Plan.
EDUCATION POLICIES
Educational policies here relate to the provision of facilities
rather than programs, which are the province of the State. It is
nevertheless recognized that the facilities and programs are the
tools necessary to improve total eduational service.
The Countv shall encourage continuous joint pre -planning of
schools with the Department of Education and University of
Hawaii to ensure coordination with roads, water, and other
support facilities and considerations such as traffic and safety,
and access for vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian. Encourage
master planning of present and proposed public and private
institutions.
The County shall encourage thejoining of schoolyards with
county parks and the availability of school facilities for
afterschool use bythe cornrnunityfor recreational, cultural, and
other compatible uses.
The County shall encourage joint community -school library
facilities, where a separate community library may not be
feasible, in proximity to other community facilities, affording
both pedestrian and vehicular access.
10.1.3 f) Require a six -year, long-term, capital improvements
budget by County Departments and agencies that shall be
reviewed for consistency with the General Plan.
10.2.2 a) Encourage continuous joint pre -planning of schools
with the Department of Education and the University of Hawaii
to ensure coordination with roads, water, and other support
facilities and considerations such as traffic and safety, and
access for vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian. Encourage master
planning of present and pro- posed public and private
institutions.
31.2 Maintain the unique features of historic structures, while
balancing maintenance and safety needs. (Hamakua CDP Policy
57; Kaua'i Kakou)
31.3 Prioritize the replacement of deficient and inadequate
facilities. (Hamakua CDP Policy 67)
31.4 Encourage the adoption of innovative materials and
methods that improve facility resilience. (33 Policy n; 2019
Policy 263)
31.5 The development of County facilities should be designed
to fit into the locale with minimal intrusion while providing the
desired services. Implement protocols for receiving community
input during capital improvement project siting and design.
(10.4.2 Standards a, c; 12.3 Policies e, i, j; 2019 Policy 614)
31.6 Explore and encourage adaptive reuse of former facilities
such as airports (e.g., Maka'eo Park) and fire stations (e.g.,
Kawailani Fire Station). (NEW)
Planning/Siting Protective Services Facilities
32.1 Police and fire stations should be co -located whenever
feasible. (10.3.2 Policy a)
10.2.2 b) Encourage combining schoolyards with county parks 32.2 The establishment of a police/fire facility shall consider
and allow school facilities for afterschool use by the community site size and locations that permit quick and efficient vehicular
for recreational, cultural, and other compati- ble uses. access. (10.3.2 Policy b)
10.2.2c) Encourage joint Community-schoollibrary facilities,
32.3Strategically plan and locate Volunteer fire facilities, which
where a separate Community library may not be feasible, in
may include co -existing with full-time Fire/EMS stations.
pmximitytoother community facilities, affording both
(10.3.2 Policy c)
pedestrian and vehicular access.
10.2.2 d) Encourage implementation of the Department of
32.4 Police headquarters shall be near the geographic center of
Education's 'Educational 5pecifi- cations and Standards for
the service area and near concentrations of commercial and
Facilities.
industrial use. (10.3.2 Policy d)
68
ii
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
PUB. FAC. POLICY
PUBLIC FACILITIES POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
2045 GP
The County shall encourage implementation of the Department 10.2.2 e) Encourage the Hawaii State Library System to seek
32.5 Hardened shelters shall be located within reasonable
of Education's 'Educational Specifi- cations and Standards for alternate sites for public libraries located on the campuses of
proximity to population centers. (10.3.3 Standards a, b, c;
Facilities.' public schools.
10.3.2 Policy I; CoH Haz-Mit Plan)
PROTECTIVE SERVICES POLICIES
32.5 Lifeguard stations should be located at all County and
State beach parks. (12.4 Standard f; 2019 Policy 377)
10.3.2 a) Development of police and fire facilities should entail
Level of Service
joint use structures whenever feasible.
10.3.2 b) The establishment of a fire/police facility shall
32.7 Adequately support, fund, and expand volunteer fire
consider site size and locations that permit quick and efficient
facilities and capacity. (10.3.3 Standard c; 10.3.4.1.2 COA a; CoH
vehicular access.
Haz-Mit Plan; 2019 Policy 376)
10.3.2 c) Development of volunteer fire facilities with proper
32.8 Maintain a level of service for response time that is
planning to be replaced or to co -exist with full time Fire/EMS
consistent with National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
personnel.
standards. (10.3.3 Standard c; Kona CDP Policy PUB-2.3, Action
PUB-2.3a; 2019 Policy 369)
10.3.2 d) Police headquarters shall be nearthe geographic
32.9 Ensure Hazardous Material service for both the windward
center of the service area and near concentrations of
and leeward sides of the island. (Kona CDP Policy PUB-2.3; CoH
commercial and industrial use.
Haz-Mit Plan; 2019 Policy 371)
10.3.2 e) Stations in outlying districts shall he based on the
32.10 All fire stations should provide Emergency Medical
population to be served and response time ratherthan on
Services (EMS). (10.3.3 Standard c; 2019 Policy 374)
geographic district.
10.3.2 f) Correctional facilities should emphasize rehabilitation.
32.11 Stations in rural areas should be based on the population
Establish additional rehabilitation and counseling centers,
to be served and response time rather than on geographic
including drug and behavioral treatment facilities in secure
districts. (10.3.2 Policy e; 2019 Policy 365)
settings, when necessary.
10.3.2 g) Encourage the further development and expansion of
Preventative Approaches
community policing pro- grams and neighborhood and farm
watch programs in urban, rural and agricultural communities.
10.3.2 h) The County of Hawaii Emergency Operations Center
32.12 Accommodate flexibility in design and provisions for
shall be improved to meet the requirements set forth by federal
alternate water sources for fire protection when adequate
and State regulations.
public water is not available. (11.2.2 Policy g; 11.2.4.1.2 COA b;
CDH Haz-Mit Plan; 2019 Policy 378)
10.3.2 i) Maintain an appropriate number and type of
32.13 Incentivize the development of large, dedicated
emergency helicopters, including appropriate aero medical
catchment tanks for firefighting access. (NEW: CoH Haz-Mit
capabilities.
Plan; 2019 Actions 4.12, 4.13, 4.14, 4.15)
10.3.2 j) Mitigate hazards through the preparation of disaster
32.14 The Fire Department shall participate with other related
assessment reports and appro- priate follow-up on the
governmental agencies and the involved landowners in the
assessment recommendations.
preparation of fire protection and prevention plans. (10.3.2
Policy n)
10.3.2 k) Educate the public regarding disaster preparedness
32.15 Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (OPTED)
and response, especially proper responses for sudden impact
should be incorporated into planning and design. (Kona CDP
hazards.
Action PUB-2.2e; HRS 226-58(B)(1), 226-58(B)(1); 2019 Policy
361)
69
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
PUBLIC FACILITIES POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP
2005 GP
2045 GP
PUB. FAC. POLICY
10.3.2 1) Encourage the State to evaluate the disaster shelters' 32.16 Business Improvement Districts or other organizational
ability to withstand various natural disasters. tools, such as partnerships with local businesses, should be
10.3.2 m) Consider the proximity to fire stations in approving
any rezoning to permit urban development.
10.3.2 n) The Fire Department, in cooperation with other
related governmental agencies and the involved land owners,
shall prepare a fire protection and prevention plan for forest
reserves and other natural areas.
HEALTH & SANITATION POLICIES
The County should encourage the development of new or 10.5.2 a) Encourage the development of new health care
improvement of existing health care facilities to serve the facilities or the improvement of existing health care facilities to
needs of Hamakua, North and South Kohala, and North and serve the needs of Hamakua, North and South Kohala, and
South Kona. North and South Kona.
10.5.2 b) Develop and implement a cemeteries master plan for
the siting of future cemeter- ies.
10.5.2 c) Appropriately designed and cost-effective solid waste
transfer station sites shall he located in areas of convenience
and easy access to the public.
10.5.2 d) Encourage the State to continue operation of the rural
hospitals.
10.5.2 e) Encourage the establishment or expansion of
community health centers and rural health clinics.
10.5.2 f) Continue to encourage programs such as recycling to
reduce the flow of refuse deposited in landfills.
10.5.2 g) Investigate the possibility of developing new landfill
sites on the island.
10.5.2 h) Encourage the full development and implementation
of a green waste recycling program.
used to enhance security and orderliness in downtown areas.
(Kona CDP Action PUB-2.2E; EnVision Downtown Hilo 2025;
Downtown Hilo Multimodal Master Plan; 2019 Policy 367)
32.17 Support bicycle patrol programs in urban areas. (NEW:
EnVision Downtown Hilo 2025; 2019 Action 4.7)
32.18 Encourage the further development and expansion of
community policing programs, school resource officers, and
neighborhood/farm watch programs. (10.3.2 Policy g; 2019
Policy 366)
32.19 Ensure adequate training and capacity building for
emergency response. (NEW CoH Haz-Mit Plan)
32.20 Prioritize to establish, map, and maintain alternative and
emergency evacuation routes in each high- risk hazard area.
(10.3.2 Policies a-n)
32.21 Prioritize to develop and/or improve secondary access
roads forthose communities with only one means of
ingress/egress.(New)
32.22 Continue to participate in the National Flood Insurance
Program (NFIP) Community Rating System (CRS) to the
maximum extent possible and shall seek to improve its current
CRS Class rating (to the maximum extent feasible to reduce
insurance costs). (New)
Emergency Facilities and Communication Systems
32.23 Ensure emergency warning sirens and communications
coverage is adequate for each community. (NEW CoH Haz-Mit
Plan)
32.24 All emergency response critical facilities and
communication systems shall be designed and maintained to
be resilient and remain operational during hazard events. (NEW
CoH Haz-Mit Plan; 2019 Policy 83)
32.25 All new emergency facilities shall be designed to
minimize and prevent loss. (10.1.2 Goal a; CoH Haz-Mit Plan)
32.26 In collaboration with State agencies, maintain shelter
capacity and condition records to ensure that evacuation
shelters are adequate for each community. (10.3.2 Policy I;
2019 Policy 80)
Public Education Program
32.27 Increase public education related to hazard zones,
including evacuation routes and procedures for visitor
accommodations. (10.3.2 Policy k; 2019 Policy 90)
70
1971 GP
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
1989 GP
PUBLIC FACILITIES POLICIES
PUB. FAC. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
32.28 Develop the capacity for hazard preparedness of
non -governmental organizations, businesses, and
neighborhood groups, such as Community Emergency
Response Team (CERT) and Medical Reserve Corps (MRC). (5.3
Policy I; 10.3.2 Policy k; CoH Haz-Mit Plan; 2019 Policy 91)
32.29 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to assess and plan for
alternative routes and possible relocation of coastal roads.
(Ka`u CUP 5.4.1 Objective 8; Puna CDP 4.3.1 Goal a, 4.3.2
Objective a; CoH Haz-Mit Plan; 2019 Policy 92)
Zero Waste
33.1 Appropriately designed and cast -effective solid waste
transfer station sites shall be located in areas of convenience
and easy access to the public. (10.5.2 Policy c)
33.2 Implement waste stream technology, such as recycling
and upcycing and waste -to -energy to reduce the flaw of refuse
deposited in landfills. (4.3 Policy d; 10.5.2 Policy f)
33.3 Proactively pursue funding that will ensure continued
progression toward zero -waste goals. (NEW: Zero Waste Plan;
CoH ISWMP; 2019 Policy 146)
33.4 Optimize recoverable material diversion from landfill
disposal by increasing percentage rates for diversion through
waste reduction, recycling, and reuse. (4.3 Policy d; 10.5.2 Policy
f; 2019 Policy 147)
33.5 Encourage and support composting at farms and at
distribution sites around the island for public use. (11.6.2 Policy
e; CoH 15WMP; 2019 Policy 149)
33.6 Encourage salvage and reuse of building materials and
elements when demolition is necessary or appropriate. (43
Policy d; CoH ISWMP; 2019 Policy 150)
33.7 Continue to develop and implement a green waste
recycling program. (10.5.2 Policy h; CoH ISWMP; 2019 Policy
151)
33.8 Incentivize opportunities for a circular economy, primarily
upcycling and waste reuse by developing Resource Recovery
Parks. (3.3 Policy g; CoH ISWMP; 2019 Policy 154)
33.9 Ensure that redesign plans for landfill and transfer
stations provide adequate space for Resource Recovery (RR)
Stations. (10.5.2 Policy c; CoH 15WMP; 2019 Policy 155 a, b)
33.10 Ensure waste and resource recovery facilities and
equipment do not harbor, spread, or introduce harmful or
invasive species. (4.3 Policy i; 2019 Policy 156)
71
1971 GP
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
1989 GP
PUBLIC FACILITIES POLICIES
PUB. FAC. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
33.11 Site new solid waste/resource recovery facilities in
appropriate areas that serve the needs of population centers
and minimize and mitigate negative impacts on the
environment or surrounding neighborhood. (10.5.2 Policy c;
10.5.3 Standard a; 2019 Policy 157)
33.12 Reduce illegal dumping and littering.(4.2 Goal c; 4.2
Policies a, b, c; CoH ISWMP; 2019 Policy 159)
33.13 Minimize the amount of waste generated by County
facilities. (3.3 Policies a, h, k, n; Hamakua CDP Policy 110; CoH
ISWMP; 2019 Policy 94)
Education - Planning and siting facilities
34.1 Ensure educational facilities meet the needs of Hawaii
County. (10.2.2 Policies a-e)
34.2 In proposed communities, sufficient acreage, as
determined by the Board of Education enrollment guidelines,
shall be reserved for school facilities. (10.2.3 Standard a)
34.3 Education sites shall be free from flooding and drainage
problems, and excessive slope and shall incorporate
appropriate street and driveway design and location to
minimize traffic interference, pedestrian hazard, and enable
safe and easy access for vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians.
(10.2.3 Standard (a))
34.4 Continuous joint pre -planning of educational facilities shall
be coordinated with the County, Department of Education, and
the UH to ensure compatibility with public services, supporting
infrastructure, and equitable mobility access so that facilities
are community -centered, designed for multiple uses, and serve
as anchor institutions in the community. (10.2.2 (a))
34.5 School facilities, such as playgrounds and gyms, should be
combined with County parks to allow for afterschaol use by the
communityfor recreational, cultural, and other compatible
uses. (Policy 10.2.2 (a))
34.6 The Hawaii State Library System should co -locate public
library facilities in public school libraries where a separate
public library may not be feasible, promoting intentional
proximity to other community facilities and assets that
contribute to a high quality of life. (Policy 10.2.2 (c))
34.7 School buildings should be designed, or at times
retrofitted, to serve as emergency shelters. (NEW: CoH Haz-Mit
Plan; 2019 Policy 354)
34.8 The County should facilitate the use of libraries to
disseminate public information and engage civic participation.
(10.2.2 Policy e; 12.3 Policy p; 2019 Policy 355)
72
1971 GP
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
1989 GP
PUBLIC FACILITIES POLICIES
PUB. FAC. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
34.9 Advocate to the State and private agencies to use
educational facilities to offer place -based and distance
education opportunities to adults. (NEW: 2019 Policy 356;
COVID-era lessons)
34.10 Educational programs should be developed to provide
opportunities in diversified industries and develop practices in
sustainability and resiliency. (3.3 Policies a, b, c, d, h; 14.4.3
Policy (b); 2019 Policy 268)
34.11 Encourage the State to provide student, faculty, and
staff housing around UH sites. (2.4.2.2 COA f; 9.3 Policy (g);
2019 Action 4.2)
34.12 Support the continued expansion of the UHH, Hawaii
Community College, and Palamanui campuses, as well as
encourage continuing education programs throughout the
community. (10.2.4.2.2 Action (d); 2019 Policy 348)
34.13 Support and encourage the strengthening of the UHH
through the transfer of appropriate colleges and departinents
from the University of Hawaii at Manoa to the UHH. (Action
10.2.4.2.2 (f))
34.14 Encourage and support the active implementation of
State and UH plans for post -secondary educational facilities,
including the "Research and Technology Park," on Hawaii
Island. (Action 10.2.4.2.2 (g))
34.15 Encourage the expansion of digital access and equity
through the resilient buildout of broadband infrastructure and
facilities. (NEW: Broadband Strategic Plan)
Safe Routes to School
34.16 Prioritize active transportation through the development
of sidewalks, pedestrian walkways, and bike paths to and from
educational facilities to increase walkability and pedestrian
safety. (10.2.4.2.2 S. Hilo COA c; 10.2.4.3.2 N. Hilo COA a;
10.2.4.4.3 COA 5. Kohala a-g; 10.2.4.3.3 Hamakua COA a-d;
Hamakua CDP Action 60, 61)
34.17 Require new developments in the vicinity of schools to
provide safe pedestrian facilities and additional school zone
signage. (10.2.4.2.2 Action c; 10.2.4.3.2 Action (a); Hamakua
CDP Action 60, 61; Puna CDP Objective 4.5.2 (a); Kona CDP
Policy Tran-3.5)
73
1971 GP
1 Joint pre -planning of schools with the Department of Education
and the University of Hawaii shall take place continuously to
ensure coordination with roads, water, and other support
facilities and considerations such as traffic and safety, and
vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian access. Master planning of
present and proposed public and private institutions is
recommended.
2 In proposed communities, sufficient acreage shall be dedicated
for school facilities. Sites shall be free from flooding and
drainage problems, excessive slope and shall incorporate
appropriate street and driveway design and location to
minimize traffic interference, pedestrian hazard, and to enable
safe and easy access for vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians.
3 The joining of school yards with county parks shall be
encouraged and with school facilities shall be made available
for afterschool use by the community for recreational, cultural,
and other compatible uses.
4 Where a separate community library may not be feasible, joint
school -community library facilities shall be considered and shall
be in proximity to other community facilities, affording both
pedestrian and vehicular access.
5 The Department of Education's 'Educational Specifications and
Standards for Facilities' should be followed.
6 Development of police and fire facilities should entail joint use
structures whenever feasible.
7 The minimum area for establishing a fire/police facility should
be one acre and in locations which permit quick and efficient
vehicular access.
PUBLIC FACILITIES STANDARDS
1989 GP
EDUCATION STANDARDS
In proposed communities, sufficient acreage shall be reserved
for school facilities. Sites shall be free from flooding and
drainage problems, excessive slope and shall incorporate
appropriate street and driveway design and location to
minimize traffic interference, pedestrian hazard, and to enable
safe and easy access for vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES STANDARDS
Development of police and fire facilities should entail joint use
structures whenever feasible.
The establishment of a fire/police facility shall consider site size
and locations which permit quick and efficient vehicular access.
Police headquarters shall be near the geographic center of the Police headquarters shall be near the geographic center of the
service area and near concentrations of commercial and service area and near concentrations of commercial and
industrial use.
industrial use.
9 Stations in outlying districts shll be based an the population to Stations in outlying districts shll be based on the population to
be served rather than on geographic district. be served rather than on geographic district.
10 Additional rehabilitation and counseling centers shall be Additional rehabilitation and counseling centers shall be
established as needed.
11 The Fire Department, in cooperation with other related
governmental agencies and the involved land owners, shall
prepare a fire protection and prevention plan forforest reserves
and other natural areas, and such plans shall be approved by
the County Council.
established as needed.
The County of Hawaii Emergency Operations Center shall be
improved to meet the requirements set forth byfederal and
state regulations.
2005 GP
10.2.3 a) In proposed communities, sufficient acreage shall be
reserved for school facilities. Sites shall be free from flooding
and drainage problems, excessive slope and shall incorporate
appropriate street and driveway design and location to
minimize traf- fic interference, pedestrian hazard, and enable
safe and easy access for vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians.
10.2.3 b) State Department of Education's education
specifications and standards for facilities.
10.3.3 a) 2.5 police officers per 1,000 resident population.
10.3.3 b) Fire stations within five miles of concentrated
settlement areas.
10.3.3 c) First response emergency medical service within eight
minutes of concentrated settlement areas (alternative means,
such as training police officers or volunteer fire personnel, could
be available to provide first response).
PUB. FAC. STAND
2045 GP
Protective Services Level of Service Standards
74
PUBLIC FACILITIES STANDARDS
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
The Fire Department, in cooperation with other related
governmental agencies and the involved land owners, shall
prepare a fire protection and prevention plan for forest reserves
and other natural areas, and such plans shall he approved by
the County Council.
HEALTH & SANITATION STANDARDS
12 Sanitary landfill sites for refuse disposal shall be established in
Sanitary landfill sites for refuse disposal shall he established in
10.5.3 a) Sanitary landfill sites for refuse disposal shall he
accordance with the needs of communities and shall be
accordance with the needs of communities and shall be
established in accordance with the needs of communities and
landscaped. Appropriately designed transfer station sites shall
landscaped. Appropriately designed and cost effective transfer
the State Department of Health and U.S. Environ- mental
be located in areas of convenience and easy access to the
station sites shall be located in areas of convenience and easy
Protection Agency's rules and regulations.
public.
access to the public.
13 Hospitals should be on sites capable of handling moderate
Hospitals should be on sites capable of handling moderate
10.5.3 b) Hospitals should be on sites capable of handling
expansion of facilities. Quiet surroundings, convenient and
expansion of facilities. Quiet surroundings, convenient and
moderate expansion of facilities. Quiet surroundings,
adequate access, and compatibility with adjoining uses shall be
adequate access, and compatibility with adjoining uses shall be
convenient and adequate access, and compatibility with
required.
required.
adjoining uses shall be required.
14 Hospitals shall be served by a public sewage system or have
Hospitals shall be served by a public sewage system or have
self-contained sewerage systems. Hospital solid waste disposal
self-contained sewerage systems. Hospital solid waste disposal
10.5.3 c) Hospitals shall be served by a public sewerage system
methods shall be by incineration.
methods shall be by incineration.
or have self-contained sew- erage systems.
15 Private and public cemetaries shall he compatible with
Private and public cemetaries shall he compatible with
10.5.3 d) Hospital solid waste shall he disposed of in
surrounding land uses and shall be provided with adequate
surrounding land uses and shall be provided with adequate
accordance with all Federal, State, and County laws and
access and drainage systems.
access and drainage systems.
regulations.
16
10.5.3 e) Private and public cemeteries shall be compatible with
Cemetaries should be encouraged, wherever possible, to use
surrounding land uses and provided with adequate access and
plaques installed flush with the ground.
drainage systems.
17 Cemetary services and rates should be standardized.
18 Civic center sites shall satisfy modern and reasonable
requirements of accessibility and compatibility with the
surrounding neighborhood.
19 The multipurpose concept of flexibilityto satisfy changing
requirements should be part of the design for these public
buildings.
20 Architectural and landscaping shall reflect as much as possible
the community's attributes.
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS STANDARDS
Public office center sites shall satisfy modern and reasonable
requirements of accessibility and compatibility with the
surrounding neighborhood.
The multipurpose concept of flexibilityto satisfy changing
requirements should be part of the design for these public
buildings.
Architectural and landscaping shall reflect as much as possible
the community's attributes.
10.4.2 a) Public office center sites shall satisfy modern and
reasonable requirements of accessibility and compatibility with
the surrounding neighborhood.
10.4.2 b) The multipurpose concept of flexibility to satisfy
changing requirements should be part of the design for public
buildings.
10.4.2 c) Architectural and landscaping shall reflect as much as
possible the community's attributes.
2045 GP
PUB. FAC. STAND
75
1971
1 Existing complexes shall be up -graded to meet the standards
established by the Department of Education.
2 School facilities shall be made available for afterschool use by
the community for recreation and other compatible uses.
PUBLIC FACILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1989
EDUCATION - PUNA
Improve existing school complexes to meet the standards
established by the Department of Education.
School facilities shall be made available to the community for
recreation and other compatible uses during afterschool hours
2005
10.2.4.1.2 a) Improve existing school complexes to meet the
standards established bythe State Department of Education
10.2.4.1.2 b) School facilities should be made available to the
communityfor recreation and other compatible uses during
after school hours.
Pedestrian access between the village of Pahoa and the school
Encourage the implentation for relocation and development of
10.2.4.1.2 c) Encourage the Department of Education to plan
and library facilities shall be improved.
a new elementary comlex in Pahoa.
and develop school facilities as the need arises.
A Keaau School -community library complex should be
Encourage improvements to pedestrian
10.2.4.1.2 d) Encourage improvements to pedestrian access
considered.
access between the village of Pahoa and the school and library
between the village of Pahoa and the school and library
facilities.
facilities.
Encourage expansion or development of community -school
library complexes at Pahoa and Mt. View.
EDUCATION - S. H ILO
The development of a second high school in Hilo shall be
Encourage site planning for a third high school and/or
10.2.4.2.2 a) Encourage the establishment of additional schools
encouraged.
intermediate school to meet regional growth needs.
as the need arises.
Additional intermediate and elementary schools shall be
Encourage the establishment of an additional elementary
10.2.4.2.2 b) Participate in the development of student and
established as needs dictate.
school in the Waiakea-Uka area.
faculty housing for the university and otherjoint-use facilities.
8 The County shall actively participate in the development of The County shall actively participate in the development of
student -faculty housing forthe university and otherjoint-use student and faculty housing forthe
facilities. university and otherjoint-use facilities.
9 Pedestrian walkways should be provided to and around all Provide pedestrian walkways to and around all school
schools. complexes.
10 Ajoint community -school library shall be considered in
conjunction with plans for a second high school in Hilo.
11 The County shall support the expansion of the University
system and the campus master plan which encompasses a
600+ acre development and encurage the continuing education
programs throughout the community. Tile transfertothe
University of about 600 acres of State lands adjacent to the
present campus should be actively pursued.
12 Improvements to existing facilities shall be continued.
Ajoint community-sEhool library shall be considered
in conjunction with plans for a third high
school in Hilo.
The County shall support the expansion of the
University system and the campus master plan which
encompasses a 600+ acre development and encourage the
continuing education programs throughout the community.
The transfer to the University of about 600 acres of State lands
adjacent to the present campus should be actively pursued.
Encourage continual improvements to existing educational
facilities.
13 The possibility of relocating Kapiolani School shall be evaluated. Evaluate the possibility of relocating Kapiolani
School.
10.2.4.2.2 c) Provide pedestrian walkways to and around all
school complexes.
10.2.4.2.2 d) Support the continued expansion of the University
system and the University of Hawaii at Hilo and Hawaii
Community College campus and encourage the con- tinuing
education programs throughout the community. The transfer
of State lands to the University should be actively pursued.
10.2.4.2.2 e) Encourage continual improvements to existing
educational facilities.
10.2.4.2.2 f) Support and encourage the strengthening of the
University of Hawaii at Hilo through the transfer of appropriate
colleges and departments from the University of Hawaii at
Manua to the University of Hawaii at Hilo.
10.2.4.2.2 g) Encourage the implementation of existing State
and University of Hawaii plans for the continued development
of the "Research and Technology Park" on the campus of the
University of Hawaii at Hilo.
PUB. FAC. COA
2045
Public Facilities
31.a Create an asset management program.
31.b Continue a facility inspection program.
31.E Develop and adopt an Impact Fees Ordinance to aide in the
expansion of County services and facilities.
Protective Services
32.a Support the development of private common
access -distribution systems of private catchment water for
firefighting purposes in rural catchment communities.
32.b Prioritize budgets for technology improvements for
emergency services; including hazardous material service, 4x4
vehicles, and other equipment or software to improve
emergency response times.
32.c Review county lighting and landscaping ordinances to
implement CPTED.
32A Develop a public safety audit checklist and conduct urban
neighborhood and downtown safety walks to identify potential
crime spots or unsafe areas.
32.e Educate the public regarding disaster preparedness and
response, especially proper responses for sudden -impact
hazards.
32.f Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
and the involved landowners to support wildfire control and
reclamation.
32.g Define and map critical facilities necessary for community
disaster response and recovery that are too important to fail.
32.h Monitor and address known hazards along transportation
routes.
32.i Partner with Hawaii Emergency Management Agency to
regularly review and address warning siren coverage.
32.j Install emergency phones along roadways in isolated areas
of lower cellular connectivity.
76
1971
14
1s
PUBLIC FACILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1989
The County shall support and encourage the
strengthening of the University of Hawaii at Hilo
through the transfer of appropriate colleges and
departments from the University of Hawaii at Manua to the
University of Hawaii at Hilo.
The County shall encourage the implementation of
existing State and University of Hawaii plans forthe
establishment of a " Research and Technology Park" on the
campus of the University of Hawaii at Hilo.
EDUCATION - N. HILO
PUB. FAC. COA
2005 2045
32.k Support the use of the Best Available Refuge Areas within
existing buildings.
16 Pedestrian and vehicular accesses to the Laupahoehoe School Improve pedestrian and vehicular access to the Laupahoehoe 10.2.4.3.2 a) Improve pedestrian and vehicular access to the
complex shall be improved. School complex Laupahoehoe and Hamaku School complexes.
17 Ajoint school -community library facility in Laupahoehoe shall Encourage continual improvements to existing
be encouraged. educational facilities.
EDUCATION - HAMAKUA
18 Traffic re-routing to resolve school traffic problems shall be
Encourage continual improvements to existing
encouraged.
educational facilities.
19 The Honokaa school campus master plan shall be implemented. Encourage traffic re-routing to resolve
school traffic problems.
20 Expansion ofthe present libraryfacility and services shall be
Implement the Honokaa school campus master plan.
encouraged.
21
Encourage expansion of the present library
facility and services.
EDUCATION - N. KOHALA
10.2.4.3.2 b) Encourage continual improvements to existing
educational facilities.
10.2.4.3.3 a) Encourage continual improvements to existing
educational facilities.
10.2.4.3.3 b) Encourage traffic re-routing to resolve school
traffic problems.
10.2.4.3.3 c) Implement the Honokaa school campus master
plan.
10.2.4.3.3 d) Encourage expansion ofthe present libraryfarility
and services.
32.1 Provide technical assistance to communities developing
emergency response and evacuation plans.
32.m Maintain and update the public education and
communications program regarding disaster preparedness and
response, especially proper responses for sudden impact
hazards. (e.g., CERT, resilience hubs, and first aid training)
32.n Develop and maintain a Post -Disaster Redevelopment Plan
which specifies the following:
i. Roles and responsibilities
ii. Procedures for implementing programs for immediate
clean-up, repair, design, and replacement
iii. Long-term rebuilding and redevelopment
iv. Procedures far the identification of damaged infrastructure
and consideration of alternatives to its repair or replacement
v. Evaluation of climate impacts
32.o Seek funding and support continued scientific research
relating to hazards (e.g., research on erosion rates, slumping
rates, slope stability studies, sea level rise rates, tsunami
inundation mapping, coastal stream flood mapping, fire and
wildfire, etc.).
32.p Prepare and implement wildfire protection and prevention
plans.
32.q Develop community -specific hazard mitigation plans.
32.r Develop a standard for requiring an emergency response
plan.
32.s Amend the County Code, Chapter 25 to require emergency
and hazard information to be prominently displayed in all
transient accommodations. This information should include
information regarding the monthly Civil Defense siren tests,
evacuation routes, and directives to reach appropriate services
and agencies.
32.t Adopt incentives, such as tax deductions, to encourage
retrofitting of existing structures for resilience against
earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, and fire and wildfire.
Zero Waste
77
1971
22 Continual improvement of facilities as needs dictate shall be
undertaken.
23 A new gymnasium should be built for the district.
24
25 Expansion of the public school and library facilities shall be
encouraged.
26 Joint use offacilities shall be encouraged.
PUBLIC FACILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1989 2005
Encourage the expansion of the public 10.2.4.4.2 a) Encourage the expansion of the public school and
school and library facilities as needs arises. library facilities as needs arise.
Encourage joint use offacilities.
Encourage continual improvements to existinq
educational facilities.
EDUCATION - S. KOHALA
Encourage the expansion of the public
school and library facilities as needs arises.
Encouragejoint use offacilities.
27 Walkways to and around schools should he isntalled, and street Encourage continual improvements to existin
crossing facilities for pedestrian safety shall be sought. educational facilities.
28 Encourage the installation of walkways to
and around schools and street crossing facilities for pedestrian
safety.
29 Department of Education shall develop a master plan for
Waimea School which provides for an expanded intermediate
school, improved acres and parking areas.
30 Department of Education shall initiate planning for a
high school including site selection in South Kohala
to meet regional growth needs.
31 Encourage the development of State and private higher
educational facilities in West Hawaii.
EDUCATION - KONA
10.2.4.4.2 b) Encourage the Hawaii State Library System to
establish a public library separate from the school facility.
10.2.4.4.2 c) Encourage continual improvements to existing
educational facilities.
10.2.4.4.3 a) Encourage the expansion of the public school and
library facilities as needs arise.
10.2.4.4.3 b) Encourage continual improvements to existing
educational facilities.
10.2.4.4.3 c) Encourage the installation of walkways to and
around schools and street crossing facilities for pedestrian
safety.
10.2.4.4.3 d) Encourage the development of State and private
higher educational facilities in West Hawaii.
10.2.4.4.3 e) Support the development of an intermediate or
middle school in Waikoloa.
10.2.4.4.3 f) Encourage the Hawaii State Library System to
establish a public library in Waikoloa.
10.2.4.4.3 g) Encourage the State Department of Education to
explore the feasibility of establishing a high school in the South
k,hala riictrirt
PUB. FAC. COA
2045
33.a Evaluate and amend the County Code to integrate
strategies to maximize landfill diversion and handle materials:
i. Develop a Source Separation Ordinance
ii. Prohibit organic material (green waste) disposal in the landfill
iii. Construction & Demolition (C & D) Recycling Ordinance
iv. Consider Take -back Ordinances (for items that are difficult to
recycle or compost)
v. Require recycling at all County offices, facilities, and base
yards.
vi. Continue the transition to eliminate the sale or use of
polystyrene foam (Styrofoam) and single- use plastic food
containers and other single -use plastics
33.b Develop programs to require advance disposal fees for
specific products such as new electronics and new vehicles
purchased in or shipped to Hawaii. The fees from this should
be used to fund resource management and disposal costs.
33.c Conduct pilot studies to facilitate waste recovery and
increase diversion rates. Recommended pilot programs include
curbside waste, recycling, and resource pick-up in priority urban
areas.
33.d Partner and coordinate to facilitate the private use of large
recycling roll -off bins in rural areas.
33.e Reevaluate and initiate code changes to the fee structure
for solid waste for residential and commercial uses.
33.f Facilitate University of Hawaii and/or Forest Service to
complete necessary studies on local materials for use in
construction.
33.g Implement an education and social marketing program to
educate the public and business community about landfill
diversion initiatives, preventing and reporting litter and illegal
dumping, and other responsible waste management
opportunities.
33.h Develop a County clean-up program for special waste
areas, such asjunkyards, to ensure the proactive removal of
materials that pose environmental and public health hazards.
33.i Develop and promote take -back programs for appliances
and other difficult to dispose of materials.
33.j Support expansions to the organic material (green waste)
recycling program to include drop-off and pidrup locations at
all rural transfer stations.
33A Adopt the EPA's Comprehensive Procurement Guideline
program as a model for purchasing products that use materials
recovered through recycling.
Education
78
1971
32 Expansion of Holualoa and Hookena school complexes to meet
school district needs shall be encouraged.
33 Basic school facilities shall be improved to meet current
standards.
34 Planning of a second high school to meet regional growth
needs should be undertaken.
35 Expansion of the Holualoa and Kealakekua library facilities shall
be encouraged.
36 Construction of a library facility to serve the Kailua-Keauhou
area shall be encouraged.
37
38
39 A joint community -school library facility for Naalehu shall be
encouraged.
40 Continual improvements to existing facilities shall be
undertaken.
41 Maintenance of cemetary sites shall be improved.
42 Implementation of the landfill method of solid waste disposal
should begin.
PUBLIC FACILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1989 2005
Implement the development of a new elementary school 10.2.4.5.2 a) Encourage expansion of the Holualoa school
complex in central Kona. complex to meet school district needs.
Encourage expansion of the Holualoa school complex to meet 10.2.4.5.2 b) Encourage the State Department of Education to
school district needs. add facilities as the need arises.
Improve basic school facilities to meet school district needs.
Improve basic school facilities to meet current standards.
Encourage site planning for a second high school to meet
regional growth needs.
Encourage construction of a new library facility to serve the
Kailua-Keauhou area.
EDUCATION -5. KONA
EDUCATION -KA'U
Encourage continual improvements to
existing educational facilities.
HEALTH & SANITATION - PUNA
Maintenance of cemetery sites shall be improved.
HEALTH & SANITATION - S. HILO
43 Expansion of parking facilities in Hilo Hospital shall be
Expansion of parking facilities at Hilo Hospital shall
undertaken.
be undertaken.
44 Improvement and expansion of hospital facilities shall be
Improvement and expansion of hospital facilities shall
undertaken as the need arises.
be undertaken as the need arises.
45 A system of transfer station sites for solid waste disposal in the Expansion of existing cemeteries or creation of new
rural population centers of Papaikou, Honomu and Hakalau
sites shall be undertaken.
shall be implemented and open dumping operations ceased.
46 Expansion of existing Eemetaries or creation of new sites shall
be undertaken.
HEALTH & SANITATION - N. HILO
47 A sanitary landfill operation and transfer station site program Maintenance of cemeteries shall be improved.
for waste disposal shall be implemented.
48 Maintenance of cemetaries shall be improved.
HEALTH & SANITATION - HAMAKUA
49 Maintenance of the cemetaries shall be improved. Maintenance of the cemeteries shall be improved.
50 A landfill system with transfer station sites shall be Renovation and modernization of the Honokaa hospital
implemented. building.
10.2.4.5.2 c) Improve basic school facilities to meet current
standards.
10.2.4.5.2 d) Encourage construction of a new library facility to
serve the Kailua-Keauhou area.
10.2.4.5.3 a) Improve basic school facilities to meet current
standards.
10.2.4.6.2 a) Encourage continual improvements to existing
educational facilities.
10.2.4.6.2 b) Encourage the State Department of Education to
plan a K-8 School at Ocean View.
10.5.4.1.2 a) Maintenance of cemetery sites shall be improved.
10.5.4.1.2 b) Provide additional solid waste transfer stations as
the need arises.
10.5.4.2.3 a) Improvement and expansion of hospital facilities
shall be undertaken as the need arises.
10.5.4.2.3 b) Expansion of existing cemeteries or creation of
new sites shall be undertaken.
10.5.4.3.3 a) Maintenance of cemeteries shall be improved.
10.5.4.4.2 a) Maintenance of the cemeteries shall be improved.
PUB. FAC. COA
2045
34.a Implement a Safe Routes to School (SR25) program for all
schools.
34.b Ensure County makes necessary improvements to
co -located facilities, such as gymnasiums, parks, and
playgrounds.
79
1971
51 Renovation and modernization of the Honokaa hospital
building.
52 A sanitary landfill operation with transfer station sites shall be
implemented.
53 Maintenance of the cemetaries shall be improved.
54 Implementation of the County of Hawaii Health Facilities Plan
to locate a hospital in Waimea shall be encouraged.
55 A sanitary landfill operation with transfer station sites shall be
implemented.
56 New cemetary sites to serve future needs shall be sought.
57 A sanitary landfill operation with transfer station sites shall be
implemented.
58
59
60 A sanitary landfill operation with transfer station sites shall be
implemented.
61
62 Expansion plans for the Hilo civic center complex shall be
evaluated and implemented if feasible.
63 Improvements to County baseyard facilities shall be
undertaken.
64
65 The police -court facility shall be improved to meet needs.
66 Multi -use buildings housing civic center facilities shall be
encouraed in overall improvements and expansion plans.
67 Multi -use buildings housing civic center facilities shall be
encouraed.
PUBLIC FACILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1989 2005
HEALTH & SANITATION -N. KOHALA
Maintenance of the cemeteries shall be improved. 10.5.4.5.2 a) Maintenance of the cemeteries shall be improved.
HEALTH & SANITATION -S. KOHALA
Solid waste transfer site(s) shall be reserved at Waikoloa.
HEALTH & SANITATION - KONA
New privately owned cemetery sites to serve future
needs shall be sought.
A sanitary landfill operation with transfer station
sites to serve the West Hawaii area shall be
implemented. _
HEALTH &SANITATION -S. KONA
New privately owned cemetery sites to serve future
needs shall be sought.
A sanitary landfill operation with transfer station
sites to serve the West Hawaii area shall be
implemented.
HEALTH & SANITATION - KA'U
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS - PUNA
Expand/improve facilities as necessary.
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS -S. HILO
Expansion plans for the Hilo public office center shall be
evaluated and implemented if feasible.
Consolidate government offices in a public office
center.
Improvements to County baseyard facilities shall be
undertaken.
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS - N. HILO
Expand/improve facilities as necessary.
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS - HAMAKUA
10.5.4.6.2 a) A solid waste transfer site or alternative means of
refuse collection should be established for Waikoloa.
10.5.4.7.2 a) New privately owned cemetery sites to serve
future needs shall be sought.
10.5.4.8.2 a) A solid waste transfer station should be
established for Ocean View.
10.4.3.1.2 a) Expand/improve facilities as necessary.
10.4.3.2.2 a) Consolidate government offices in a public office
center.
10.4.3.2.2 b) Improvements to County haseyard facilities shall
be undertaken.
10.4.3.3.2 a) Expand/improve facilities as necessary.
Multi -use buildings housing public office 10.4.3.4.2 a) Multi -use buildings housing public office center
center facilities shall be encouraged in overall facilities shall be encouraged in overall improvements and
improvements and expansion plans. expansion plans.
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS - N. KOHALA
Expand/improve facilities as necessary. 10.4.3.5.2 a) Expand/improve facilities as necessary.
2045
PUB. FAC. COA
80
1971
68 Improvements to the County baseyard shall be undertaken.
69 Civic center planning far the most appropriate location in view
of population growth expectations shall be undertaken.
70 State and County baseyard facilities shall be improved.
71 Expansion plans for the Kona civic center shall be undertaken.
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79 A review of the possibility of 24-hourfire and police service for
the entire district should be conducted and expansion of the
civic center facilities
should be considered in accord with district needs.
80
81 Police headquarters and thejail facility shall be relocated to a
more appropriate site with due regard for compatibility and
access.
82 The County shall encourage the turning over of the
administrative functions of the Countyjail to the' State.
83 Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
84 Replacement of the Honokaa fire station facility shall be
encouraged.
85 The possibility of bringing fire protection service closer to the
population centers shall be investigated.
PUBLIC FACILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1989 2005
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS -S. I(OHALA
Expand/improve facilities as necessary. 10.4.3.6.2 a) Expand/improve facilities as necessary.
A civic center site shall be reserved at Waikoloa.
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS - KONA
Expansion plans for the Kona public office center shall be
undertaken.
Consolidate county office in one public office center.
The County should designate a second urban center in West
Hawaii to facilitate government services and centralize
facilities.
Provide services in West Hawaii as is feasible.
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS -S. KONA
Expansion plans for the Kona public office center shall be
undertaken.
Consolidate county office in one public office center.
Provide services in West Hawaii as is feasible.
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS - I(A'U
Expand/improve facilities as necessarv.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES -PUNA
A review of the possibility of 24-hour fire service for the entire
district should be conducted and expansion of the public office
facilities should be considered in accord with district needs.
Police services and facilities should be expanded to
adequately meet the needs of the district.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES -S. HILO
Expansion of Police and Fire facilities should be
considered in accord with district needs.
Relocate and upgrade the Emergency Operations Center to
meet federal and state requirements.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES - N. HILO
Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES - HAMAKUA
Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES - N. KOHALA
Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
10.4.3.6.2 b) A civic center site shall be reserved at Waikoloa.
10.4.3.7.2 a) Expansion plans for the Kona public office center
shall be undertaken.
10.4.3.7.2 b) Consolidate County offices in one public office
center.
10.4.3.7.2 c) Designate a second urban center in West Hawaii
to facilitate government services and centralize facilities.
10.4.3.7.2 d) Provide services in West Hawaii as is feasible.
10.4.3.7.3 a) Expansion plans for the Kona public office center
shall be undertaken.
10.4.3.7.3 b) Consolidate county offices in one public office
center.
10.4.3.7.3 c) Provide services in West Hawaii as is feasible.
10.4.3.8.2 a) Expand/improve facilities as necessary.
10.3.4.1.2 a) A review of the possibility of 24-hour fire and
emergency medical service for the entire district should be
conducted and expansion of the public office facilities should
be considered in accord with district needs.
10.3.4.1.2 b) Police services and facilities should be expanded
to adequately meet the needs of the district.
10.3.4.2.2 a) Expansion of Police, Fire, and emergency medical
facilities should be considered in accordance with district
needs.
10.3.4.3.2 a) Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
10.3.4.4.2 a) Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
10.3.4.5.2 a) Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
2045
PUB. FAC. COA
81
1971
86 Centralization of facilities in the proposed civic center
development shall be encouraged.
87 The proposed civic center development shall consider joint -use
facilities and the development of police and fire facilities to
meet the district's
needs.
PUBLIC FACILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1989 2005
PROTECTIVE SERVICES -S. KOHALA
Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs. 10.3.4.6.2 a) Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES - KONA
88 The development of a newfire station to serve the high value Service facilities shall he improved to meet needs.
sectors of Kailua and Keauhou shall consider a joint facility with
the need for a police facility in this area.
89 Expansion and improvement of police and fire facilities in Capt.
Cook shall be undertaken.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES - S. KONA
90 Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
PROTECTIVE SERVICES - KAU
91 Fire protection service for more adequate coverage of Naalehu Fire protection service for more adequate coverage of Naalehu
and Pahala shall be encouraged. and Pahala shall be encouraged.
92 The expansion of police facilities shall be encouraged. The replacement of police facilities shall be encouraged.
93 Consideration shall be given to a joint police -fire facility. Consideration shall be given to a joint police -fire facility.
10.3.4.7.2 a) Service facilities shall be improved to meet needs.
10.3.4.8.2 a) Fire protection and emergency medical services for
Ocean View, Naalehu and Pahala shall be encouraged.
10.3.4.8.2 b) Consideration shall be given to a joint police -fire
facility.
2045
PUB. FAC. COA
82
1971 GP
1 To ensure that adequate, efficient and dependable public utility
services will be available to users.
2 To maximize efficiency and economy in the provision of public
utility services.
3 To improve the physical appearance of public utility facilities
and/ or to conceal them from public view.
PUBLIC UTILITIES GOALS
1989 GP
Ensure that adequate, efficient and dependable public utility
services will be available to users.
Maximize efficiency and economy in the provision of public
utility services.
To have public utility facilities which are designed to fit into
their surroundings or concealed from public view.
2005 GP
11.1.2 a) Ensure that properly regulated, adequate, efficient
and dependable public and private utility services are available
to users.
11.1.2 b) Maximize efficiency and economy in the provision of
public utility services.
11.1.2 c) Design public utility facilities to fit into their
surroundings or concealed from public view.
PUB. UT. GOALS
2045 GP
Public Utitlies Chapter Goal: Our communities are adequtely
served by sustainable and efficient public infrastructure,
utilities, and services based on existing and future growth
needs, sound design principles, and effective maintenance
practices.
Objective 25: Improve the efficiency, reliability, and
sustainability of essential infrastructure systems.
Objective 26: Increase the protection of existing and potential
sources of drinking water.
Objective 27: Planned and developed municipal sewer capacity
is expanded to serve our Urban Growth Areas and reduce
sewage -related impacts on water quality.
Objective 30: Advance policies, programs, and initiatives for
public and/or private investment in broadband and
telecommunications infrastructure.
83
1971 GP
1 Public utility facilities shall be designed so as to complement
adjacent land uses and shall be operated so as to avoid
pollution or disturbance.
2 Use of properties or easements owned by public or private
utility companies or agencies as supplemental open space and
recreational areas should be pursued whenever practical and
within the limits of safety and operating requirements of the
utilities concerned.
3 Provide utilities and service facilities which minimize total cost
to the public and effectively service the needs of the
community.
4 Utility facilities shall be designed to minimize conflict with the
natural environment and natural resources.
5 Improvement of existing utility services shall be encouraged to
meet the needs of users.
All water systems shall be designed and built to Department of
Water Supply standards.
9
Improve and replace inadequate systems.
10
PUB UT. POLICY
PUBLIC UTITLIES POLICIES
1989 GP
2005 GP
2045 GP
Public utility facilities shall be designed so as to
11.1.3 a) Public utility facilities shall be designed to
25.1 Public utility facilities shall be designed at a scale that
complement adjacent land uses and shall be operated so
complement adjacent land uses and shall be operated to
meets the needs of future development. (11.1.3 Policy a)
as to minimize pollution or disturbance.
minimize pollution or disturbance.
The County shall encourage the use of properties or easements
11.1.3 b) Provide utilities and service facilities that minimize
25.2 Provide utilities and service facilities that minimize total
owned by public or private utility companies or agencies as
total cost to the public and effectively service the needs of the
cost to the public and effectively serve the needs of the
supplemental open space and recreational areas.
community.
community. (11.1.3 Policy b)
Provide utilities and service facilities which
11.1.3 c) Utility facilities shall be designed to minimize conflict
25.3 Utility facilities shall be designed to complement adjacent
minimize total cost to the public and effectively
with the natural environment and natural resources.
land uses and minimize pollution or disturbance of the natural
service the needs of the community.
environment and natural resources. (11.1.3 Policy c)
Utility facilities shall be designed to minimize
11.1.3 d) Improvement of existing utility services shall be
25.4 Improvement of existing utility services shall be
conflict with the natural environment and natural
resources.
encouraged to meet the needs of users.
encouraged to meet the needs of users. (11.1.3 Policy d)
Improvement of existing utility services shall be
11.1.3 e) Encourage the clustering of developments in order to
encouraged to meet the needs of users.
reduce the cost of providing utilities.
Encourage the clustering of developments in order to
11.1.3 f) Develop short and long range capital improvement
reduce the cost of providing utilities.
programs and plans for public utilities within its jurisdiction
that are consistent with the General Plan.
The County shall develop short and long range capital
11.1.3 g) Water, sewerage, electricity, gas, and
improvement programs and plans for public utilities within its
telecommunication services are treated individually in this
jurisdiction and which are consistent with the County General
section to clarify the factors that comprise the public utilities
Plan.
element.
WATER POLICIES
Water system improvements and extensions shall promote the
11.2.2 a) Water system improvements shall correlate with the
County's desired land use pattern.
County's desired land use development pattern.
11.2.2 b) All water systems shall be designed and built to
All water systems shall be designed and built to Department of Department of Water Supply standards.
Water Supply standards.
11.2.2 c) Improve and replace inadequate systems.
Water sources shall be adequately protected to prevent
depletion and contamination from natural and man-made
occurrences or events.
Improve and replace inadequate systems.
11 New public water systems should be first installed in urban
areas which have established needs and characteristics, such as
occupied dwellings and other uses, or in areas adjacent to them
Water sources shall he adequately protected to prevent
if there is need for urban expansion, or to further the expansion
depletion and contamination from natural and man-made
of the agricultural industry.
occurrences or events.
12
Water system improvements should be first installed in areas
which have established needs and characteristics, such as
occupied dwellings and other uses, or in areas adjacent to them
Sources of additional water supplies shall be sought in order to
if there is need for urban expansion, or to further the expansion
ensure sufficient quantities of waterfor future needs.
of the agricultural industry.
11.2.2 d) Water sources shall be adequately protected to
prevent depletion and contamination from natural and
man-made occurrences or events.
25.5 Encourage the clustering of developments to reduce the
cost of providing utilities. (11.1.3 Policy e)
25.6 Develop short- and long-range capital improvements
programs and plans for public utilities within its jurisdiction
that are consistent with the General Plan. (11.1.3 Policyf)
25.7 Maintain an Asset Management Program aimed at
utilizing maintenance plans to prolong the life of our utilities as
well as reduce whole -life costs. (10.1.3 Policies a, c; Note was in
Transportation 1st Draft)
Drinking Water Conservation
26.1 All public water systems shall be designed and built to the
DWS dedication standards. All other systems shall meet all
relevant health and safety regulations and be designed and
constructed by a licensed engineer. (11.2.2 Policy b)
26.2 Water sources shall be protected to prevent depletion and
contamination from natural and man- made occurrences or
events. (11.2.2 Policy d)
26.3 An effort by County, State, and private interests shall be
coordinated to identify sources of additional water supply to be
implemented and ensure the development of sufficient
quantities of water for existing and future needs of
high -growth areas and agricultural production. (11.2.2 Policy f)
26.4 Installation or rehabilitation of water distributions shall be
sized to adequately meet fire protection. (11.2.2 Policy g)
11.2.2 e) Water system improvements should be first installed 26.5 Ensure the highest quality of water is reserved for the
in areas that have established needs and characteristics, such mostvaluable end -use. (New: DWS WUDP 2010)
as occupied dwellings, agricultural operations and other uses,
or in areas adjacent to them if there is need for urban
expansion.
84
1971 GP
13
The fire prevention distribution system shall be coordinated
with water distribution systems in order to ensure water
supplies for fire -fighting purposes.
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23 Power distribution facilities shall be placed underground when
and where it is economically feasible. The County shall
encourage developers of new urban areas to place utilities
underground.
PUBLIC UTITLIES POLICIES
1989 GP
A systematic program bythe County, State, and private
interests shall identify sources of additional water supply to
ensure the development of sufficient quantities of water for
future needs of high growth areas.
The fire prevention systems shall he coordinated with water
distribution systems in order to ensure water supplies for fire
protection purposes.
The County shall consider the feasibility, desirability, and the
attendant responsibilities of establishing standards for
individual water catchment units.
POWER (ELECTRICITY) POLICIES
Power distribution shall be placed underground when and
where feasible. The County shall encourage developers of new
urban areas to place utilities underground.
2005 GP
11.2.2 f) A coordinated effort by County, State and private
interests shall be developed to identify sources of additional
water supply and be implemented to ensure the development
of sufficient quantities of water for existing and future needs
of high growth areas and agricultural production.
11.2.2 g) The fire prevention systems shall be coordinated with
water distribution systems in order to ensure water supplies for
fire protection purposes.
11.2.2 h) Develop and adopt standards for individual water
catchment units.
11.2.2 i) Cooperate with the State Department of Health to
develop standards and/or guide- lines for the construction and
use of rainwater catchment systems to minimize the intrusion
of any chemical and microbiological contaminants.
11.2.2 j) Cooperate with appropriate State and Federal agencies
and the private sectorto develop, improve and expand
agricultural water systems in appropriate areas on the island.
11.2.2 k) Promote the use of ground water sources to meet
State Department of Health water quality standards.
11.2.2 p Continue to participate in the United States Geological
Survey's exploratory well drilling program.
11.2.2 m) Seek State and Federal funds to assist in financing
projects to bring the County into compliance with the Safe
Drinking Water Act.
11.2.2 n) Develop and adopt a water master plan that will
consider water yield, present and future demand, alternative
sources of water, guidelines and policies for the issuing of
water commitments.
11.2.2 o) Expand programs to provide for agricultural irrigation
water.
PUB UT. POLICY
2045 GP
26.6 Encourage the design of large development projects (200+
units) in the North Kohala, South Kohala, North Kona, South
Kona, and Ka`U Districts to be as water neutral as reasonably
possible through water conservation, recharge, and reuse
measures to reduce the water footprint. (S. Kohala CDP Policy
5.2)
26.7 Promote best practices in sustainable water collection and
use for private water systems. (New: DWS WUDP 2010)
26.8 Water system improvements, including exploratory wells,
shall correlate with the County's desired land use development
pattern. (11.2.2 Policy a)
26.9 The DWS shall prioritize infill development and focus
source development to serve designated Urban Growth Areas.
(11.2.2 Policiesa, e)
26.10 Water demand projections shall include all consumptive
and non -consumptive demands. (New: Dept feedback+ DWS
WUDP 2010)
26.11 The DWS and the Planning Department shall coordinate
priorities before the adoption of any newwater development or
County land use plans. (11.2.2 Policy a, e)
26.12 All County potable water systems should have backup
standby sources. 11.2.3 Standard a)
One Water
26.13 Treat all water as a valuable resource in community
design, and integrate designs for drinking water, stormwater,
and recreational water needs. (10.1.3 Policy c + One Water
Roadmap 2021 + C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance + One
Water NYC 2023 +APA Report No. 588)
26.14 Manage water, stormwater, and wastewater as the same
natural resource in collaboration with the DWS, DEM, DPW, and
DOH. (10.1.3 Policy c + C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance +
One Water NYC 2023+APA Report No. 588)
26.15 New developments should be designed to reduce water
demand, retain runoff, decrease flooding, and recharge
groundwater. (11.1. 3 Policy c + One Water Roadmap 2021 +
C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance + One Water NYC 2023 +
APA Report No. 588)
11.4.2 a) Power distribution shall be placed underground when 26.16 Support localized, small-scale solutions to water reuse
and where practical. Encourage developers of new urban areas and on -site systems. (11.2.2 Policy i + Kona CDP Policy 4.6 + C&C
to place utilities underground. Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance)
85
1971 GP
1989 GP
PUBLIC UTITLIES POLICIES
24 Route selection for high voltage transmission lines should
The County shall encourage the continuation of studies include consideration for setbacks from major thoroughfares
concerning the development of powr which can be distributed and residential areas.
at lower costs to consumers.
25
2005 GP
11.4.2 b) Route selection for high voltage transmission lines
should include consideration for setbacks from major
thoroughfares and residential areas. Where feasible, delineate
energy corridors for such high voltage transmission lines.
11.4.2 c) Continue to advise the electrical utility companies on
develop a comprehensive plan for the generation, transmission, the future revisions of their comprehensive Integrated
The effects of discharging heated water directly into the ocean and distribution of electrical power to the various parts of the Resource Plans.
should be studied.
26
The County should encourage electrical utility companies to
island.
Sources of additional water supplies shall be sought in order to Safety standards for power systems shall conform to safety
ensure sufficient quantities of water for future needs. standards as established by appropriate regulatory authority.
27
28
29
30
32
Safety standards for power systerns shall conform to safety
standards as established by appropriate regulatory authority.
TELEPHONE (TELECOMMUNICATIONS) POLICIES
The County shall encourage underground telephone lines where The County shall encourage underground telephone lines where
they are economically and technically feasible. they are economically and technically feasible.
The County shall work closely with the telephone company to The County shall work closely with the telephone company to
provide all users with efficient service.
provide all users with efficient service.
GAS POLICIES
Gas storage facilities shall be located so as to minimize danger Gas storage facilities shall be located so as to minimize danger
to commercial and residential areas.
to commercial and residential areas.
11.4.2 d) Conform to safety standards as established by
appropriate regulatory authorities.
11.3.2 a) Encourage underground telephone lines where they
are economically and technically feasible.
11.3.2 b) Work with the telecommunications industry to
increase the availability of emergency telephones throughout
the island.
11.3.2 c) Develop standards forth e construction of wireless
telecommunication facilities.
PUB UT. POLICY
2045 GP
Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
27.1 A Sewerage Study for All Urban Areas, including
appropriate water quality management strategies, shall be
completed and used as guides for the general planning of
sewerage disposal systems. (11.6.2 Policy a)
27.2 Private treatment systems shall be installed by land
developers for major resorts and other developments along
shorelines and sensitive higher inland areas, except where
connection to nearbytreatment facilities is feasible and
compatible with the County's long-range plans, and in
conformance with State and County requirements. (11.6.2
Policy b)
27.3 Immediate steps shall be taken to designate treatment
plant sites, sewerage pump station sites, and sewer easements
according to the facility plans to facilitate their acquisition.
(11.6.2 Policy c)
27.4 The County shall obtain State and Federal funds to finance
the construction of proposed sewer systems and improve
existing systems. (11.6.2 Policy d)
27.5 Plans for wastewater reclamation and reuse for irrigation
and hiosolids composting (remaining solids from the treatment
of wastewater are processed into a reusable organic material)
shall be utilized where topographically feasible and needed for
landscaping, agricultural purposes, or fire protection. (11.6.2
Policy e)
Wastewater and Environmental Quality Protection
11.3.2 d) Work closely with the telephone companyt❑ provide 27.6 Pollution shall be prevented, abated, and controlled at
all users with efficient service. levels that will protect and preserve public health and
well-being through the enforcement of appropriate Federal,
State, and County standards. (4.4 Standard a)
11.5.2 a) Gas storage facilities shall be located to minimize
danger to commercial and residential areas.
27.7 Ensure municipal wastewater systems serve designated
Urban Growth Areas (UGA) with the capacity to accommodate
projected population growth. (Hamakua CDP Policy 79, 80 +
11.6.2 Policy a)
27.8 The Department of Environmental Management and the
Planning Department shall coordinate priorities before the
adoption of any new wastewater development or land use
plans. (10.1.3 Policy c + 11.6.2 Policy a)
86
1971 GP
33
The "Sewerage Study For All Urban and Urbanizing Areas ofthe
County of Hawaii, State of Hawaii," December 1970, shall be
used as a guide for the general planning of sewerage disposal
systems.
34 Municipal systems and/or sewerage systems developed with
private interests shall be provided or expanded at Hilo,
Kailua-Keauhou, Kealakekua, and at Waimea. Where major
resort complexes and other developments along shorelines are
contemplated, private systems shall be installed by land
developers, except where connection to nearby treatment
facilities is feasible and compatible with the County's
long-range plans.
35
PUBLIC UTITLIES POLICIES
1989 GP
SEWER POLICIES
The "Sewerage Study for All Urban and Urbanizing Areas ofthe
County of Hawaii, State of Hawaii," December 1970, and the
"Water Quality Management Plan for the County of Hawaii,"
December 1980, shall be used as guides forthe general
planning of sewerage disposal systems.
Private systems shall be installed by land developers for major
resort and other developments along shorelines and sensitive
higher inland areas, except where connection to nearby
treatment facilities is feasible and compatible with the
2005 GP
11.6.2 a) The "Sewerage Studyfor All Urban and Urbanizing
Areas ofthe County of Hawaii, State of Hawaii," December
1970, and the "Water Quality Management Plan for the County
of Hawaii," December 1980, shall be updated and used as
guides for the general planning of sewerage disposal systems.
11.6.2 b) Private systems shall be installed by land developers
for major resort and other developments along shorelines and
sensitive higher inland areas, except where connection to
nearby treatment facilities is feasible and compatible with the
County's long-range plans, and in conformance with State and County's long-range plans, and in conformance with State and
County requirements. County require- ments.
11.6.2 c) Immediate steps should he taken to designate
The County shall take immediate steps to designate treatment The County shall take immediate steps to designate treatment treatment plant sites, sewerage pump station sites, and sewer
plant sites, sewage pump station sites, and sewer easements plant sites, sewage pump station sites, and sewer easements easements according to the facility plans to facilitate their
to facilitate their acquisition. according to the facility plans to facilitate their acquisition.
36
Health Department approved individual cesspool disposal
systems shall he considered in higher inland areas which are
sparsely populated and where there is little danger of
contaminating the ground water supply.
37
Disposal of raw sewage directly into waterways and the ocean
is in violation of State Water Quality Standards and shall be
discontinued as soon as possible.
38
39
The County shall seek State and Federal funds to assist in
financing the construction of proposed sewer systems.
Schemes for wastewater reclamation and reuse for irrigation
shall be utilized where feasible and needed.
acquisition.
11.6.2 d) Continue to seek State and Federal funds to finance
the construction of proposed sewer systems and improve
Disposal of raw sewage directly into waterways and the ocean existing systems.
is in violation of State Water Quality Standards and shall be
discontinued as soon as possible.
The County shall seek State and Federal funds to assist in
financing the construction of proposed sewer systems.
Schemes forwastewater reclamation and reuse for irrigation
shall be utilized where feasible and needed.
11.6.2 e) Plans forwastewater reclamation and reuse for
irrigation and biosolids compost- ing (remaining solids from the
treatment ofwastewater is processed into a reus-able organic
material) shall be utilized where feasible and needed.
11.6.2 f) Require major developments to connect to existing
sewer treatment facilities or build their own.
PUB UT. POLICY
2045 GP
27.9 Prioritize developing a multipronged approach to
wastewater infrastructure funding, including proactively
seeking grant funding for wastewater system expansion,
improvements, and new development. (11.6.2 Policy d)
27.10 Ensure wastewater fees reflect actual costs for service,
maintenance, and future improvements. (New: Dept feedback)
27.11 Ensure that wastewater systems and improvements are
designed and functioning to maximize system efficiencies,
prevent accidental leaks or spills, and provide sanitary, reliable
wastewatertreatment that is not negatively imparting natural
resources. (4.4 Standard a + 11.1.3 Policy a + 11.6.3 Standard f)
One Water -Recycled Water Expansion
27.12 Strive for an integrated approach to stormwater and
wastewater, and water resource management that is
comprehensive and as efficient as possible. (10.1.3 Policy c+
C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance + One Water NYC + APA
Report No. 588)
27.13 Encourage on -site water reuse solutions for large
developments. (11.2.2 Policy i + Kona CDP Policy 4.6 + C&C Hnl
Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance)
27.14 Encourage and incentivize the collection of rainfall for
potable and non -potable use.
(11.2.2 Policy i + Kona CDP 4.6 + C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water
Alliance)
27.15 Prioritize the use of gray water in areas connected to
County water and not Connected to County wastewater. (Kona
CDP Policy 1.7, Action 4.5c + C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water
Alliance)
Stormwater Infiltration and Green Infrastructure
28.1 Design to collect stormwaterfrom streets, sidewalks, and
other hard surfaces before it can enter the sewer system or
cause local flooding; reduce the amount of stormwater that
flows into the Sewer System. (5.2 Goals c, d, e, f+ 5.3 Policies
m, n + C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance)
87
1971 GP
1989 GP
PUBLIC UTITLIES POLICIES
PUB UT. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
28.2 Control stormwater by using it as a resource rather than a
waste. (New: One Water BPs + US Water Alliance + APA
Regional Green Infrastructure 2017 Memo)
28.3 The "Drainage Master Plan for the County of Hawaii"
should be updated every 20 years for urban centers to
incorporate new studies and reflect newly identified priorities.
(5.3 Policy f)
28.4 Encourage vegetated shoulder and swale roadside design
where climate and grade are conducive. (5.3 Policy m)
28.5 Where applicable, natural drainage patterns shall be
improved/restored to increase their capacity with special
consideration for the practices of proper soil conservation, and
grassland and forestry management. (5.3 Policy p)
28.6 Implement nature -based solutions that manage
stormwater on -site to reduce the burden on the storm sewer
system and reduce flooding. (5.2 Goals c, d, e, f + 5.3 Policies m,
n + C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance)
28.7 Prioritize drainage and flood studies for high -risk urban
areas within the Urban Growth Area. (5.3 Policies c +
insufficient or outdated flood data)
28.8 Drainage standards shall incorporate cumulative upslope
development patterns. (New: MHMP 2015)
Storm Water Management
28.9 Develop an island -wide stormwater management program
compatible with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System
(MS4) Phase II program. (New: DoH)
28.10 The County shall ensure sites are planned, designed, and
developed to:
a) Protect, restore, or mimic the natural water cycle within built
environments by retaining, detaining, and/or treating
stormwater runoff. b) Mitigate direct impacts of the land
development process through the use of green infrastructure or
low -impact site planning techniques. c) Protect areas that
provide important water quality benefits and/or are particularly
susceptible to erosion and sediment loss. d) Optimize the
integration ofthe existing landscape into green infrastructure
solutions. e) Manage post -construction stormwater runoff
rates, through the use of green infrastructure or low -impact
development stormwater management practices. (New: HRS
226-11(2); 226-11(3); 226-11(4); 226-11(7); 226-11(8); 226-
13(2); 226-13(3); 226-14(2); 226-108(2)] 131)
88
1971 GP
1989 GP
PUBLIC UTITLIES POLICIES
PUB UT. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
28.11 The County shall ensure that golf course developments
develop and implement grading and site preparation plans to:
a) Develop nutrient management guidelines appropriate to
Hawaii for qualified superintendents to implement so that
nutrients are applied at rates necessary to establish and
maintain vegetation without causing leaching into ground and
surface waters. b) Develop and implement an integrated pest
management plan. Follow EPA guidelines for the proper
storage and disposal of pesticides.
c) Develop and implement irrigation management practices to
match the water needs of the turf. (4.3 Policyj + HRS
226-11(2); 226-11(3); 226-11(4); 226- 11(7); 226-11(8);
226-13(2); 226-13(3); 226-14(2); 226-108(2)])
28.12 The County shall minimize impervious areas on County
property, development sites, and parking areas and promote
the use of permeable surfaces and landscaped areas in project
designs including: a) Porous materials; b) Natural drainage; c)
Filtration pits; d) Infiltration basins, vegetated bioswales,
permeable/porous paving. (5.2 Goals c, d, e, f + 5.3 Policies m, n
+ C&C Hnl Ord 20-47 + US Water Alliance + green infrastructure
BPs)
Telecommunications and Broadband Connectivity
30.1 Treat broadband access as a basic utility that is available
to all communities. (New: HI Broadband SP 2020 + 2019 Policy
231)
30.2 Develop and support a program of free, public -use
broadband services at appropriate County- owned facilities,
mass transit facilities, and other community anchor
institutions. (New: HI Broadband SP 2020 + 2019 Policy 240)
30.3 Collaborate with utility companies to incentivize the
underground siting of electrical and telecommunications
facilities within public rights -of -way. (11.3.2 Policy a + 11.3.3
Standard a + 11.4.2 Policy a)
30.4 Continuously improve the use of broadband
communications and digital technology to educate and provide
public services with a focus on digital access. (New: HI
Broadband SP 2020)
30.5 Siting of new communications facilities shall comply with
performance standards and site co- location as stated in the
Code. (11.3.3 Standard a)
30.6 Support projects that address service gaps in HawaiTs
broadband infrastructure. (New: HI Broadband SP 2020)
30.7 Advocate for connectivityto businesses to protect the
viability of businesses and the livelihoods of residents. (New: HI
Broadband SP 2020 + IIJIA)
89
1971 GP
1989 GP
PUBLIC UTITLIES POLICIES
PUB UT. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
30.B Promote and incentivize the landing of transpacific
submarine fiber optic cables. (New: HI Broadband 5P 2020 +
2019 Policy 233)
30.9 Alleviate barriers and assist broadband projects with
navigating through the regulatory permitting process. (New: HI
Broadband SP 2020)
30.10 Encourage and support maintenance and improvement
of cyber security and informational security of
telecommunication facilities. (NEW)
30.11 Advocate for service diversity, redundant network
capacity, and provide improved communications to outlying
rural areas and other underserved or unserved communities.
(New: HI Broadband SP 2020 + 2019 Policy 228)
30.12 Plan for broadband infrastructure to support smart grid
development. (New: HI Broadband 5P 2020 + HCEI)
90
1971
PUBLIC UTILITIES STANDARDS
1989
WATER STANDARDS
2005
PUB. UT. STAND
1 Water systems shall meet the requirements of the Department Water systems shall meet the requirements of the 11.2.3 a) Public and private water systems shall meet the
of Water Supply and the Subdivision Ordinance. Department of Water Supply and the Subdivision Control Code. requirements of the Department of Water Supply and the
Subdivision Control Code.
2 There shall be a minimization of obstruction of scenic views and
vistas by electrical facilities.
3 New power plants shall incorporate devices which minimize
pollution.
4 Facilities such as substations shall be aesthetically pleasing.
POWER (ELECTRICITY) STANDARDS
There shall be a minimization of obstruction of scenic views and
vistas by electrical facilities.
Facilities such as substations shall be aesthetically pleasing.
TELEPHONE (TELECOMMUNICATIONS) STANDARDS
11.4.3 a) There shall be minimal obstruction of scenic views and
vistas by electrical facilities.
11.4.3 b) Facilities such as substations shall mitigate and
minimize any aesthetic impacts to surrounding properties and
scenic vistas.
5 Telephone facilities, such as lines, poles and substations, shall In the development and placement of telephone facilities, such 11.3.3 a) In the development and placement of telephone
enhance rather than detract from scenic vistas and views. as lines, poles and substations, the design of the facilities shall facilities, such as lines, telecommunications and cellular towers,
consider the existing environment, and scenic view and vistas poles, and substations, the design of the facilities shall
shall be considered and preserved where possible. consider the existing environment, and scenic view and vistas
shall be considered and preserved where possible.
GAS STANDARDS
6 The County's ordinances shall reflect appropriate safety
standards for gas facilities.
7 Incorporate sewage works standards proposed in the
"Sewerage Study for All Urban and Urbanizing Areas of the
County of Hawaii."
8 Sewerage systems shall be designated for the particular area,
depending on topography, geology, density of population,
costs, and other considerations of the specific area.
9 Adopt State Water Quality Standards as minimums and explore
the possibilities of imposing higher standards.
10 There shall be a minimum of visual and odor pollution
emanating from sewerage treatment facilities.
The County's ordinances shall reflect appropriate safety
standards for gas facilities.
SEWER STANDARDS
Incorporate sewage works standards proposed in the "
Sewerage Study for All Urban and Urbanizing Areas of the
County of Hawaii: and the "Water Quality Management Plan for
the County of Hawaii."
Sewerage systems shall be designed for the particular area,
depending on topography, geology, density of population,
costs, and other considerations of the specific area.
There shall be a minimum of visual and odor pollution
emanating from sewerage treatment facilities.
Applicable standards and regulations of the State Department
of Health, Chapter 23 "Underground Injection Control."
11.5.3 a) County ordinances shall reflect appropriate safety
standards for gas facilities.
11.6.3 a) Incorporate sewage works standards proposed in the
"Sewerage Study for All Urban and Urbanizing Areas of the
County of Hawaii" and the "Water Quality
Management Plan for the County of Hawaii."
11.6.3 b) Sewerage systems shall be designed for a particular
area, depending on topography, geology, density of population,
costs, and other considerations of the specific area.
11.6.3 c) There shall be a minimum of visual and odor pollution
emanating from sewerage treatment facilities.
11.6.3 d) Applicable standards and regulations of the State
Department of Health, Chapter 23 "Underground Injection
Control."
91
1971
11
12
13
14
15
PUBLIC UTILITIES STANDARDS
1989
Applicable standards and regulations of the State Department
of Health, Chapter 54 "Water Quality Standards."
Applicable standards and regulations of the State Department
of Health, Chapter 55 "Water Pollution Control."
Applicable standards and regulation of Chapter 342, HRS; Act
282, Session Laws of Hawaii 1985; and Act 302, Session Laws
of Hawaii 1986, Relating to Environmental Quality.
PUB. UT. STAND
2005
11.6.3 e) Applicable standards and regulations of the State
Department of Health, Chapter 54 "Water Quality Standards."
11.6.3 f) Applicable standards and regulations of the State
Department of Health, Chapter 55 "Water Pollution Control."
11.6.3 g) Applicable standards and regulations of the State
Department of Health, Chapter 62, HRS, "Wastewater
Systems."
11.6.3 h) Applicable standards and regulations of Chapter 342,
HRS; Act 282, Session Laws of Hawaii 1985; and Act 302,
Session Laws of Hawaii 1986, Relating to Environmental
Quality.
11.6.3 i) All wastewater disposal systems shall conform to the
applicable provisions of Chapter 11-62, Hawaii Administrative
Rules for the Department of Health to ensure proper treatment
and disposal of wastewater and to prevent further
contamination of waterways, underground water sources, and
the coastal waters.
92
PUBLIC UTILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
WATER - PUNA
1 Replace the deteriorated galvanized iron pipes of the Olaa Improve inadequate water system facilities. 11.2.4.1.2 a) Continue to improve inadequate water system
Water System. facilities.
2 Extend the Kalapana system from the Painted Church to the Water source investigation and exploration should be 11.2.4.1.2 b) Water source investigation and exploration should
Wahaula Visitors' Center within the National Park. continued in order to provide service for anticipated needs. be continued in orderto provide service for anticipated needs.
3 Water source exploration should be continued in order to
provide service to the Volcano and Glenwood areas.
WATER - 5. H ILO
5 The Hilo Water System should be improved to provide the city The Hilo Water System should be improved to provide the city
with a dependable and consistently clean water supply. with a dependable and consistently clean water supply.
6 Booster pumps and water transmission lines to boost Panaewa Booster pumps and water transmission lines to boost Panaewa
Well water to higher elevations should be installed. Well waterto higher elevations should he installed.
7 Further investigate future surface water resources.
8 Connect Paukaa, Papaikou, and Honomu water systems to the
Hilo water system to provide more dependable sources of
supply for Paukaa, Papaikou, and Honomu.
9 Replace the Papail ou water system transmission and
distribution mains with larger sizes and non -corrosive lining to
provide adequate service and to eliminate the present water
discoloration problem. Interconnect Kaiaie, Papaikou, and
Kalaoa systems, and install metering device at Kaieie intake.
10 Replace portion of the Honomu system transmission line and
add new storage tanks.
Further investigate future surface and ground water
resources.
Replace portion of the Honomu system transmission line and
add new storage tanks.
WATER - N. H ILO
11 Coordinate plans for new systems with the relocation program Coordinate plans for new systems with the relocation
for plantation camps. program for plantation camps.
12 Install a deep well pump which will be used to supplement the Install a deep well pump which will be used to
spring sources during dry spells. supplement the spring sources during dry spells.
13 Replace old and deteriorating lines and storage facilities. Replace old and deteriorating lines and storage
facilities.
11.2.4.1.2 c) Investigate additional groundwater sources in the
Olaa area.
11.2.4.1.2 d) Investigate alternative means to finance the
extension of water systems to subdivisions that rely on
catchment.
11.2.4.2.2 a) Continue to implement water system
maintenance and improvement programs in order to provide
the city with a dependable and consistently safe drinking water
supply.
11.2.4.2.2 b) Investigate groundwater sources in the upper
Waiakea Uka, Kaieie Mauka, Kulaimano, Saddle Road, and
Honomu areas.
11.2.4.2.2 c) Further investigate future ground water resources
11.2.4.2.2 d) Replace existing surface sources with
groundwater sources to meet State Department of Health
standards.
PUB. UT. COA
2045 GP
Drinking Water Conservation
25.a Develop and adopt an Impact Fees Ordinance to aide in the
expansion of public utilities.
26.a In collaboration with the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), conduct further research
on localized rainfall modeling to accurately assess future
precipitation trends.
26.b Expand water conservation programs, primarily aimed at
reducing demand, such as leak detection, and rebates for low
flow.
26.c Evaluate and amend the fee schedule for water use to take
into account high water use and aquifer recharge projections.
Use the funds generated to payfor conservation measures and
infrastructure.
26.d Improve County water conservation practices to lead by
example.
26.e Maintain the water master plan to consider wateryield,
present and future demand, alternative sources of water,
guidelines, and policies for the issuing of water commitments.
26.f Promote the use of groundwater sources to meet DOH
water quality standards.
26.g Seek state and federal funds to assist in financing projects
to bring the County into compliance with the Safe Drinking
Water Act.
26.h Explore the feasibility of incentive methods such as
property tax deductions, conservation easements, or transfer of
development rights to protect the defined zone of influence of
existing or proposed public and private wells.
26.i Investigate alternative financing options for expanding
water systems to support infill growth consistent with the
County s desired land use development pattern.
11.2.4.3.2 a) Replace old, substandard, or deteriorating lines 26.j Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit
and storage facilities. agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to develop,
improve, and expand agricultural water systems in appropriate
areas on the island.
11.2.4.3.2 b) Develop a standbywell for the Ookala system. 26.k Continue to participate in the United States Geological
Survey (USGS) exploratory well drilling program.
26.1 Expand programs to provide agricultural irrigation water.
93
PUBLIC UTILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP
1989 GP 2005 GP
WATER-HAMAKUA
14 Connect the Paauilo system with the Hamakua system.
Extend the water line from Kukaiau to Keehia. 11.2.4.4.2 a) Continue to coordinate programs with State and
Federal agencies to develop a well at Kukuihaele and Honokaa
Hospital to the standards of the Department of Water Supply.
15 Extend the water line from Kukaiau to Keehia.
Extend Honokaa system toward Kukuihaele. 11.2.4.4.2 b) Replace old, sub -standard, or deteriorating lines
and storage facilities.
16 Extend Honokaa system toward Kukuihaele.
Replace inadequate mains. 11.2.4.4.2 c) Investigate groundwater sources in the Honokaa
and Kukuihaele areas.
17 Extend the Kukuihaele system to Kapulena.
18 Replace inadequate mains.
Improve existing storage, transmission and
distribution facilities.
Develop Paauilo Exploratory Well into a production
well.
WATER - N. KOHALA
19 Extend the water line to serve the customers in the upper area Explore further sources for future needs.
of the Hawi system who now have inadequate pressure from
the Hawi reservoir.
20 Connect the Kaauhuhu-Kokoiki system to the Hawi system.
21 Explore further sources for future needs.
22 Improve and replace inadequate distribution mains and storage
facilities.
23 Construct a transmission line to Puukapu which would
"upgrade" the Waimea system.
24 Improve and replace inadequate distribution mains.
25 Construct a pipeline along the proposed realignment from
Mamalahoa Highway to the Kawaihae-Puako area.
Improve and replace inadequate distribution mains and storage
facilities.
Encourage efforts to improve the Kohala ditch system
and its use for agricultural purposes.
WATER - S. KOHALA
Improve and replace inadequate distribution mains
and steel tanks.
Further efforts should be made to develop adequate
quantities and acceptable quality of basal ground
water at appropriately placed sites mauka of the shoreline.
Additional sources for the Waimea System shall he
investigated.
PUB. UT. COA
2045 GP
One Water
26.m Develop water conservation and stormwater
management guidelines for commercial, industrial, and
residential properties.
26.n Codify the administrative structure needed to develop a
water resource program and interdepartmental collaboration
framework.
26.o Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to develop and
facilitate community partnerships between upstream and
downstream communities.
26.p Develop public -private partnerships to leverage funding
sources.
Wastewater and Environmental Quality Prioritization
27.a Prioritize areas where on -site wastewater treatment
should be converted to sewer and establish financial tools such
as improvement districts to aid in implementation.
11.2.4.5.2 a) Pursue a ground water source for the
27.b Prioritize areas where wastewater treatment facilities are
Makapala-Keokea water system.
necessary to facilitate future growth and utilize financing tools
such as community facilities district (CFD) or tax increment
financing (TIF) to aid in implementation.
11.2.4.5.2 b) Explore further sources forfuture needs.
27.c Review, assess, and amend Codes relating to sewer
connection requirements to ensure wastewater issues and
requirements are addressed in a consistent, sustainable, and
socially equitable way.
11.2.4.5.2 c) Improve and replace inadequate distribution
mains 27.d Develop a wastewater master plan with a clear
and storage facilities.
prioritization method for wastewater system expansions and
improvements based on criteria involving land use, projected
growth, social equity, and environmental factors.
11.2.4.5.2 d) Encourage efforts to improve the Kohala ditch 27.e Develop plans to improve, connect, or develop new
system and its use for agricultural purposes. wastewater systems in unsewered urban coastal communities.
11.2.4.6.2 a) Seek alternative sources of water for the Lalamilo
system.
11.2.4.6.2 b) Improve and replace inadequate distribution
mains and steel tanks.
11.2.4.6.2 c) Continue to seek additional groundwater sourres
for the Waimea System.
27.f Perform a study to assess individual wastewater systems
(IW5) in unsewered urban growth areas to assess the rate of
failures/negative impacts, determine rates of large capacity
cesspools still in use, and develop plans to improve, connect, or
develop newwastewater systems for unsewered urban
communities.
27.g Proactively seek opportunities for public -private
partnerships for wastewater collection and treatment
development.
27.h Facilitate the use of infrastructure improvement districts
and other Types of localized funding mechanisms to fund
improvements.
27.i Streamline the sewer connection loan program.
94
1971 GP
1989 GP
PUBLIC UTILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
26 Further efforts should be made to develop adequate quantities Encourage expansion of sources and storage capacity for both
and acceptable quality of basal groundwater for supplemental the agricultural and domestic water systems.
purposes at properly placed sites mauka of the shoreline.
27 Increase the capacity of Kahaluu well as the demand increases.
28 Increase the capacity of the booster pump stations as required.
29
30
31
32
33
WATER-KONA
34 Provide greater capacity to Keahole and Kailua from KahalLln Pursue groundwater source investigation, exploration and
wells and extend the system along Palani Road to supplement development in areas that would provide for anticipated
the upper system. growth and that would provide for efficient and economic
system operation.
35 Improve the system along AM Drive. Reservoirs to serve this Increased the capacity of the booster pump stations as
area should be balanced with the Kailua and Keauhou required.
reservoirs.
36 Improve the size of the waterline and provide an additional
reservoir in the Keauhou area.
37 Increase capacity of the booster pump for the South Kona
water system.
Improve the system along Alii Drive. Reservoirs to serve this
area should be balanced with the Kailua and Keauhou
reservoirs.
Improve the size of the water line and provide an additional
reservoir in the Keauhou area.
2005 GP
11.2.4.7.2 a) Continue to pursue groundwater source
investigation, exploration and development in areas that would
provide for anticipated growth and an efficient and economic
system operation.
11.2.4.7.2 b) Continue to evaluate growth conditions to
coordinate improvements as required to the existing water
system in accordance with the North Kona Water System
Master Plan.
11.2.4.7.2 c) Explore and develop a well in Waiaha.
PUB. UT. COA
2045 GP
27.j Develop wastewater cost valuation in service fees (similar
to the water model fee structure).
27.k Develop a criteria -based infrastructure prioritization tool
to develop new or expand existing municipal wastewater
systems. Base these priority areas on designated urban growth
boundaries, urban zoning and density, population trends and
anticipated growth, health/safety, and environmental factors.
27.1 Implement innovative wastewater systems at a
cost-effective scale for small communities.
27.m Amend the County Code, Section 21-26-1(a) requiring "all
sewer extensions shall be approved by resolution of the County
council' to read, "all sewer extensions outside of Urban Growth
Areas shall be approved by resolution of the County council."
27.n In collaboration with the DOH Wastewater Branch,
reevaluate and clarifythe requirements set forth in Hawaii
Administrative Rules (HAR), Section 11-62-31.1(a) (1) (B) and
amend Countysewer requirements accordinglyto
accommodate needed housing units.
27.o Collaborate with the DOH to advance progressive
wastewater technology and regulations.
One Water -Recycled Water Expansion
27.p In collaboration with the Department of Agriculture,
develop a water resource strategy for efficient agricultural
water use and reuse.
27.q Install non -potable systems, such as reclaimed
wastewater, brackish groundwater, and untreated surface
water in proximity to priority UGAs for non -potable water uses.
27.r Conduct supply and demand studies to determine a level of
service fornon-potablewater needs.
27.s Facilitate greywater reuse systems through code
amendments and through partnering with DOH for regulatory
changes and incentives.
Stormwater Infiltration and Green Infrastructure
28.a Adopt LID practices to address small-scale stormwater
management.
11.2.4.7.3 a) Continue to pursue groundwater source 28.b Conduct a feasibility studyto create a County Stormwater
investigation, exploration and develop- ment in areas that Utility before the County reaches MS4 requirements.
would provide for anticipated growth and an efficient and eco-
nomic system operation.
95
PUBLIC UTILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
38 Install a line along the lower government road from the Keei Increase capacity of the booster pump for the South Kona 11.2.4.7.3 b) Continue to evaluate growth conditions to
wells south to the Mamalahoa Highway junction. Also construct water system as the demand increases. coordinate improvements as required to the existing water
a reservoir near this junction. system in accordance with the South Kona Water System
Master Plan.
39
Construct reservoirs as needed.
WATER - KWU
40 Replace redwood tank above Waiohinu with a permanent tank
Provide additional source and storage capacity for the currently
and install water distribution Ine within Waiohinu Village.
service areas of Naalehu, Waiohinu and Pahala.
41 Connect Naalehu system to Waiohinu system with a large
PLI1Jr5r1e groundwater source investigation, exploration and
transmission line and install a permanent reservoir above
development.
Naalehu Village.
42 Drill an exploratorywell above Naalehu to supplement the
Naalehu system and to keep mountain water for higher areas.
43 Improve the transmission and storage facilities of Mountain
House Tunnel and Haan Springs sources. The timetable and
extent of these improvements will depend on exploratory well
results.
SEWER-PUNA
PUB. UT. COA
2045 GP
28.c Update the DPW Storm Drainage Standards to reflect
current data and to incorporate strategies and standards of
green infrastructure and low -impact development.
28.d Develop drainage master plans from a watershed
perspective that considers non-structural alternatives,
minimizes channelization, protects wetlands that serve
drainage functions, coordinates the regulation of construction
and agricultural operation, and encourages the establishment
of floodplains as public greenways.
28.e Explore new methods of funding for the provision of
adequate drainage systems and reduce potential flood
inundation areas.
11.2.4.8.2 a) Provide additional water system improvements for
28.f Create a green infrastructure dedication standard.
the currently serviced areas of Naalehu, Waiohinu, and Pahala.
11.2.4.8.2 b) Pursue groundwater source investigation,
28.g Create a pilot study for a watershed -based drainage study.
exploration and well development at Ocean View, Pahala, and
Waiohinu.
11.2.4.8.2 c) Continue to evaluate growth conditions to
28.h Develop a monitoring and evaluation program for
coordinate improvements as required to the existing water
impervious surface coverage.
system.
11.2.4.8.2 d) Investigate alternative means to finance the
28.i Promote and provide incentives for participation in the Soil
extension of water systems to subdivi-sions that rely on
and Water Conservation Districts" conservation programs for
catchment.
developments on agricultural and conservation lands.
44 The use of cesspools shall be discontinued in the coastal areas
The use of cesspools shall be discontinued in the
11.6.4.1.2 a) The use of cesspools shall be discontinued in the
where cesspools do not function satisfactorily to meet water
coastal areas where cesspools do not function
coastal areas where cesspools do not function satisfactorily to
quality standards. Individual household aerobic treatment units
satisfactorily to meet water quality standards.
meet water quality standards. Individual household aerobic
approved by the State Health Department and the County of
Individual household aerobic treatment units approved by the
treatment units approved by the State Health Department and
Hawaii could be utilized in these areas. Future sewerage
State Health Department and the County of Hawaii could be
the County of Hawaii Could be utilized in these areas. Future
systems for the Puna area would then naturally commence with
utilized in these areas. Future sewerage systems for the Puna
sewerage systems for the Puna area would then naturally
service to the lower coastal areas.
area would then naturally commence with service to the lower
commence with service to the lower coastal areas.
coastalareas.
45 Isolated developments shall provide their own sewage
collection and treatment facilities in conformance with County
and State Health Department requirements.
46
47 Because land area within the existing site is limite, the County Monitoring of the receiving waters should be done so
should take immediate steps to acquire an additional four acres as to provide sufficient base line data regarding the
of land adjacent to the present treatment plant site. need for any future extension.
48 The present sewage treatment plant should also provide for Expand the existing sewer collection system to include
secondary sewage treatment. interceptors and pump stations.
28.j Establish guidelines for Adopt -a -Corridor Program for flood
corridors.
28.k Evaluate ownership and/or maintenance responsibility for
flood corridors that serve multiple regional benefits.
11.6.4.1.2 b) Coordinate with W.H. Shipman Ltd. in the planning 28.1 Identify County parks and recreation, rights -of -way, and
and development of a sewerage system for the Keaau area. other County owned sites for green infrastructure
demonstration projects.
Telecommunications and Broadband Connectivity
11.6.4.2.2 a) Encourage the State Department of Health to 30.a Support refurbishment, upcycling, recycling, and reuse of
monitor the wastewater received to provide sufficient base line Computers and other devices.
data regarding the need for any future extension or expansion
of waste water collection systems.
11.6.4.2.2 b) Expand the existing sewer collection system to all 30.b Develop standards forthe siting and construction of
densely populated areas in and around Hilo. wireless telecommunication facilities.
96
PUBLIC UTILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP
1989 GP
49 Monitoring of the receiving waters should be done so as to
Construct a new treatment plant to eventually provide
provide sufficient base line data regarding the need for any
either advanced primary or secondary treatment to
future extension.
incoming sewage flows.
50 Expansion of the existing Hilo sewage collections ystem should
Extend the existing ocean outfall sewer to discharge
be accelerated to provide more residents with sewage service.
beyond nearshore water.
51 The Kanoelehua interceptor should be extended to provide
sewer service for residents in the souther part of Hilo.
52 Within a given time specified sewers in other areas of Hilo may
also become inadequate and these lines should necessarily be
supplemented.
53 Accelerated programs to extend sewer lines to areas of high
concentration, such as the University complex and housing
developments, should be instituted by the County.
54 Municipal sewage systems for the smaller towns in these
districts would not be economically feasible for some time.
However, the practice of piping raw sewage directly into the
ocean should be discontinued, and requisite treatment to meet
public health requirements and State Water Quality Standards
should be provided prior to disrharge of effluent. This may be
accomplished with small package plants or possibly waste
stabilization ponds.
55 Individual sewage disposal methods approved by the State
Health Department may be considered on an interim basis to
avoid violation of the water quality standards imposed for Class
A receiving waters. Should future water sources be located at
the lower elevations along the coast, public health
requirements may dictate the need for more adequate sewage
treatment in the future.
56 The larger towns of Honokaa and Hawi-I<apaau should merit
further consideration and study to determine the feasibility of
installing complete sewage treatment facilities.
2005 GP
11.6.4.2.2 c) Upgrade and/or rehabilitate aging sewer pump
stations and collector sewers.
PUB. UT. COA
2045 GP
30.c Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to create and
maintain an inventory and mapping of communications
infrastructure, including but not limited to wireline, wireless,
cell tower locations, and known proposed facilities.
30.d Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to seek
funding, identify and remove regulatory barriers to complete
and improve the island's fiber optic loop in an environmentally
and economically appropriate manner.
30.e Advocate for provider and consumer incentives to address
last -mile installation and/or service plans.
30.f Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to progressively
improve broadband speeds to keep pace with technological
advances.
30.g Collaborate with broadband service providers to ensure all
users have efficient service.
SEWER- N. HILO, HAMAKUA, N. I(OHALA 30.h Collaborate with the telecommunications industry to
increase the availability of emergency telephones throughout
the island.
Complete and iinplement an on -going study to determine the 11.6.4.3.2 a) Continue operation of the existing sewerage 30.i Pursue partnerships and funding for broadband initiatives
feasibility of installing complete sewage treatment facilities in system at Kapehu. and deployments.
the town of Honokaa.
11.6.4.4.2 a) Investigate possible alternatives to eliminate the 30.j Support the coordination of infrastructure projects
need for and continued use of the oxidation ponds. between the public and private sectors to create areas for the
deployment of broadband zones.
SEWER - S. KOHALA -ACTIONS
30.k Seek federal and other opportunities for the funding of
broadband infrastructure.
30.1 Support the State to develop a broadband dashboard to
track progress and gaps that will inform
decision -making in economic development on Hawaii Island.
97
1971 GP
1989 GP
PUBLIC UTILITIES COURSES OF ACTION
57 Constgruct a Waimea sewerage system on the west end of the
Construct a Waimea sewerage system to provide sewer service
own to provide sewer service for the main part of Waimea and
for the main part of Waimea and wastewater treatment
watewater treatment facilities with an ultimate treatment
facilities with an ultimate treatment capacity adequate for
caparity adequate for foreseeable growth.
foreseeable growth. Consider water reclamation or subsurface
type disposal.
58 The coastal area should be split into two separate zones, a
Construct a control facility in the Puako beach lot area to
north zone and a south zone. The north zone sewarage systems
service flows by utilizing existing resort wastewater treatment
should consist of trunk sewers, sewage pumping stations, force facilities as a means of wastewater disposal.
mains and a complete wastewater treatment facility. The
southern zone sewerage system should consist of several
independent satellite systems each operated and maintained
by respective land developers. A control treatment facility shall
be located in the Puako beach lots area to service flows.
2005 GP
2045 GP
PUB. UT. COA
11.6.4.6.2 a) Construct a Waimea sewerage system to provide 30.m Foster public -private partnerships to support the
sewer service and wastewater treatment facilities with an development and expansion of broadband infrastructure,
ultimate treatment capacity adequate for foreseeable growth. including community networks.
Consider water reclamation or subsurface type disposal.
11.6.4.6.2 b) Construct a sewerage system in the Pual o beach
lot area to service flows by utilizing existing resort wastewater
treatment facilities as a means of wastewater disposal.
59
Construct a Kawaihae sewerage system to provide for
residential and industrial growth in the area.
SEWER - N. KONA -ACTIONS
60 When the existing expanded sewage treatment plant becomes
Construct a new wastewater treatment plant at Kealakehe near
11.6.4.7.2 a) Expand the existing sewer collection system.
inadequate, a new treatment facility should be Constructed.
Honokohau, provide sewage pumping station, force mains and
Provide additional sewage pump stations, increase the capacity
interceptor sewers to handle existing and proposed
of existing pump stations, and enlarge sewer and force mains.
wastewater flows.
61 Construct wastewater treatment facility, pumping station,
Construct wastewater pumping stations, force mains, and
11.6.4.7.2 b) Upgrade the Kealakehe Wastewater Treatment
force main and interceptors to service the area between
interceptor sewers along Alii Drive, between I(eauhou and
Plant to produce tertiary (R-1) quality effluent.
Keauhou and Kailua.
Kailua. The waste flow will be conveyed to the new wastewater
treatment facility at Kealakehe.
SEWER - S. KONA - ACTIONS
62 Re-examineproposedsystem to insure the maintenance of the
The current methods of wastewater disposal in unsewered
11.6.4.8.2 a) Continue to work with the Departments of Health
Class AA waters of Kealakekua Bay. Implement program to
areas will continue in compliance with the state and county
and Land and Natural Resources to preserve the Class AA water
lessen pollution in the area.
requirements. This includes cesspools in a low density
quality of Kealakekua Bay.
developments and individual aerobic treatment units in high
density developments. They will be privately constructed,
owned, and operated.
63
11.6.4.8.2 b) Continue the current methods of wastewater
disposal in unsewered areas in compliance with State and
County requirements. This includes individual wastewater
systems in low density developments and private wastewater
treatment plants in high density developments.
SEWER - KA'U - ACTIONS
64 Work closey with C. Brewer to insure the development of Work closely with C. Brewer to insure the development of 11.6.4.9.2 a) Work closely with landowners to insure the
adequate sewerage treatment facilities. adequate sewerage treatment facilities. development of adequate sewerage treatment facilities.
98
1971 GP
1989 GP
RECREATION GOALS
2005 GP
Provide a wide variety of recreational opportunities for the residents Provide a wide variety of recreational opportunities for the residents 12.2 a) Provide a wide variety of recreational opportunities for the
t ofthe County. and visitors of the County. residents and visitors of the County.
2 Maintain the natural beauty of recreation areas. Maintain the natural beauty of recreation areas.
3 Provide a diversity of environments for active and passive pursuits. Provide a diversity of environments for active and passive pursuits.
12.2 b) Maintain the natural beauty of recreation areas.
12.2 c) Provide a diversity of environments for active and passive
pursuits.
REC.GOALS
2045 GP (Recreation Under Public Facilities)
Public Facilities & Services Goal: Our communities are safe and
protected, and have access to integrative health, education, and social
services to support a high quality of life for all residents.
Public Facilities & Services Goal: our communities are adequately
served by sustainable and efficient public infrastructure, utilities, and
services based on existing and future growth needs, sound design
principles, and effective maintenance practices.
Objective 35: Park facilities are located within a 10-minute walk in
urban areas and a 10-minute drive in rural communities.
Objective 36: Each community has access to healthcare facilities,
programs, or community -based care.
99
RECREATION POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP
The County of Hawaii shall improve existing public facilities for
Optimum usage. Facilities shall incorporate features forthe
convenience of all age groups and for the handicapped, and the The County of Hawaii shall improve existing public
1 elderly. facilities for optimum usage.
Recreational facilities in the County shall reflect the natural, historic,
and cultural character ofthe area. The use of land adjoining recreation Recreational facilities in the County shall reflect the natural, historic,
2 areas shall be compatible.
Facilities for compatible multiple uses shall be provided. Innovative
ideas for improving recreational facilities should be implemented.
Neighborhood parks should he considered forthe development of
3 nursery schools.
The County shall provide a broad recreational program for all age
groups, with special considerations forthe handicapped, the elderly,
4 and young children.
With other agencies, both governmental and private, the County shall
coordinate both recreational programs and facilities. Such a Combined
effort would offer a wider range of recreational opportunities than are
now available. Innovative ideas for improving existing opportunities
should be implemented. Local Citizen leadership and participation in
recreation planning, maintenance and programming should be
5 encouraged.
Personnel requirements for County recreational programs shall be
flexible so as to enrich programs by utilizing persons of special skills
6 and talents.
The County of Hawaii shall adopt an on -going program of
identification, designation, and acquisition of areas of recreational
importance, such as land with sandy beaches and other prime areas
7 for shoreline recreation.
Public access to the shoreline shall be provided in accordance with the
8 adopted program of the County of Hawaii.
A system of trails to places of scenic, historic, natural or recreational
9 interest should be established.
Marine and terrestrial natural areas forthe preservation of unique
Hawaiian wildlife, especially rare or endangered species,', should be
10 identified and evaluated.
Conduct an on -going educational program to gain the cooperation of
11 all people in maintaining the quality of recreation areas.
Establish and maintain a recreation information dissemination
12 system for the public's use.
and cultural character of the area.
The use of land adjoining recreation areas shall he compatible with
community values, physical resources and recreational potential.
The County shall develop short and long range capital
improvement programs and plans for recreational
facilities which are consistent with the General Plan.
The " County of Hawaii Recreation Plan" shall be
reviewed and updated to reflect newly identified
priorities.
Facilities for compatible multiple uses shall he provided.
The County shall provide facilities and a broad
recreational program for all age groups, with special
considerations forthe handicapped, the elderly, and
young children.
The County shall coordinate recreational programs and
facilities with governmental and private agencies and
organizations. Innovative ideas for improving
recreational facilities and opportunities shall be
considered.
The County shall develop local citizen leadership and
participation in recreation planning, maintenance and
programming
The County of Hawaii shall adopt an on -going program
of identification, designation, and acquisition of
areas with recreational, resources, such as land with sandy beaches
and other prime areas for shoreline recreation.
Public access to the shoreline shall be provided in
accordance with an adopted program of the County
of Hawaii.
2005 GP
12.3 a) Strive to equitably allocate facility -based parks among the
districts relative to population, with public input to determine the
locations and types of facilities.
12.3 b) Improve existing public facilities for optimum usage.
REC. POLICY
2045 GP
Parks and Recreation Funding
35.1 Diversify funding sources for recreational facilities.
12.3 c) Recreational facilities shall reflect the natural, historic, and 35.2 State and County CIPs should continue to he coordinated to
cultural character of the area. reflect recreational priorities.
12.3 d) The use of land adjoining recreation areas shall be compatible 35.3 Equitably allocate park dedications and in -lieu fees among the
with Community values, physical resources, and recreation potential. districts relative to the population.
12.3 e) Develop short and long range capital improvement programs
and plans for recreational facilities that are consistent with the
General Plan.
12.3 f) The "County of Hawaii Recreation Plan" shall be updated to
reflect newly identified recreational priorities.
12.3 g) Facilities for compatible multiple uses shall be provided.
12.3 h) Provide facilities and a broad recreational program for all age
groups, with special considerations forthe handicapped, the elderly,
and young children.
12.31) Coordinate recreational programs and facilities with
governmental and private agencies and organizations. Innovative
ideas for improving recreational facilities and opportunities shall be
considered.
12.3j) Develop local citizen leadership and participation in recreation
planning, maintenance, and programming.
12.3 k) Adopt an on -going program of identification, designation, and
acquisition of areas with existing or potential recreational resources,
such as land with sandy beaches and other prime areas for shoreline
recreation n cooperation with appropriate governmental agencies.
The County shall establish a system of pedestrian access trails to 12.3 1) Public access to the shoreline shall be provided in accordance
places of scenic, historic, natural or recreational values. with an adopted program of the County of Hawaii.
Interagency Collaboration and Public Engagement
35.4 Continue to improve parks and recreation outreach efforts to
ensure program and facility information is adequately available,
promoted online through accessible websites and other mediums,
and kept up to date to facilitate maximum community participation.
Recreation Facilities Siting and Planning
35.5 Recreational facilities shall reflect the natural, historic, and
cultural character of the area.
35.6 Equitably allocate facility -based parks among the districts
relative to population, with public input to determine the locations
and types of facilities.
35.7 Existing and new parks should be designed with features that
accommodate and encourage meaningful levels of physical activity
according to the level of service criteria.
35.0 Recreational facilities shall be assessed for dual use as
emergency shelters and hardened as needed.
35.9 Establish, in cooperation with the State Department of
Education, joint use of schoolyards, County parks, and other public
facilities for community use for recreational, adtural, and other
compatible uses.
iPYilull :
RECREATION POLICIES
1989 GP
The County in coordination with appropriate State
In accordance with Act 140, Session Laws of Hawaii 1970, the County agencies shall establish a program to inventory
shall adopt an ordinance requiring subdivisions to provide land area ancient trails. cart roads and old government roads on
13 for park and recreational use or pay a fee in lieu thereof. the island.
The County shall develop facilities and safe pathway
systems for walking, jogging and biking activities.
The County shall continue to maintain a recreation information
dissemination system for the public's use.
The County shall review and, if appropriate, revise its ordinance
requiring subdivisions to provide land area for park and recreational
use or pay a fee in lieu thereof.
2005 GP
12.3 m) Develop a network of pedestrian access trails to places of
scenic, historic, natural or recreational values. This system of trails
shall provide, at a minimum, an islandwide route connecting major
parks and destinations.
12.3 n) Establish a program to inventory ancient trails, cart roads and
old government roads on the island in coordination with appropriate
State agencies.
12.3 n) Develop facilities and safe pathway systems for walking,
jogging, and biking activities.
12.3 p) Develop a recreation information dissemination system for
the public's use.
12.3 q) Revise the ordinance requiring subdivisions to provide land
area for park and recreational use or pay a fee in lieu thereof.
12.3 r) Develop and adopt an Impact Fees ordinance
12.3 s) Consider alternative sources of funding for recreational
facilities.
12.3 t) Develop best management practices for the development of
golf courses in coordination with developers, State Department of
Health, and other governmental agencies.
12.3 u) Provide access to public hunting areas
REC. POLICY
2045 GP
35.10 Recreational facilities should be planned and located where
they will best facilitate and support active -living communities.
35.11 Recreational sites should be planned and located within a
10-minute walk from residences in population centers, and serve with
a minimum of five acres of land for park purposes per 1,000 resident
population in non -population centers of Hawai'i Island.
35.12 Facilitate and prioritize the m-location of schools, parks, and
senior centers to promote interactivity between community members
of all ages.
Recreational Facilities Maintenance and Improvement
35.13 Public lands with unique recreational and natural resources
shall be maintained for public use.
35.14 Maintain and/or improve park facilities and programs based an
community needs assessments to ensure County services are meeting
the social, recreational, and activity needs of our communities.
35.15 Implement a proactive maintenance program to ensure that
park facilities and trails are safely maintained for optimum usage.
35.16 Prioritize maintenance and necessary improvements at existing
park facilities over developing new park facilities within each district
(this does not preclude accepting lands for future park development
or acquiring properties for the intent of preserving open space, scenic
areas, natural hazard areas, or cultural/historic areas from
development).
35.17 Combine recreation facility improvement projects with other
needed facility improvements (e.g., ADA improvements with facility
hardening, etc.)
Recreational Services
35.1E Provide facilities and a broad recreational program for all age
groups, with special considerations for the handicapped, the elderly,
and young children.
35.19 Prioritize park acquisition and improvements that involve
under -represented open recreation and healthy living activities
(outside the scope of organized sports), such as:
a) Walking and biking trails
b) Skate/roller blade parks
c) Dog -friendly parks
d) Parks that offer camping opportunities
e) Botanical and community garden parks, pocket and art parks
f) Equestrian/rodeo arenas
g) Archery and shooting ranges
h) ATV and motorized recreation areas
i) other types of active and passive recreation that enhance the
quality of life for residents and visitors.
35.20 Support and enhance recreational facilities by developing
additional recreational offerings in underutilized areas of County
properties, such as the Pana'ewa Recreation Complex.
W
iPYilull 1.
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
1989 GP
RECREATION POLICIES
REC. POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
35.21 Private and public cemeteries shall be compatible with
surrounding land uses and provided with adequate access and
drainage systems.
Community Health and Wellness
36.1 Ensure regular health service assessments identify and address
the unique needs of the medically underserved population, especially
in rural areas.
36.2 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies, and
other stakeholders to ensure equitable access to healthcare services.
36.3 Ensure healthy communities through aligned land use and
infrastructure policies.
36.4 Active living considerations should be integrated into the design
Of Communities.
36.5 Advocate to the State to continue the operation of the rural
hospitals.
36.6 Support the establishment of centrally located, 24-hour,
full -service medical facilities, with trauma care, to service rural areas.
36.7 Hospitals should be on sites capable of handling moderate
expansion of facilities. Quiet surroundings, convenient and adequate
access, and compatibility with adjoining uses shall he required.
36.6 Hospitals shall be served by a public sewerage system or have
self-contained sewerage systems.
36.9 Ensure that hospitals are sufficiently hardened to remain in
effective use through natural disasters.
36.10 Establish a comprehensive network of health and wellness
services.
36.11 Integrate community health concerns in community planning.
36.12 Advocate for proyrams serving the elderly, disabled, and
homeless persons.
36.13 Improve coordination and integration of services.
36.14 Support the establishment of home and community -based
services (HCBS) that operate consistent with community character.
36.15 Increase opportunities and support for home -based care for
aging in place.
102
1
RECREATION STANDARDS
1971 GP 1989 GP
2005 GP
_ REGIONAL PARKS
Major recreation area serving several districts and providing indoor 12.4 a) Major recreation area serving several districts and providing
and outdoor activities. indoor and outdoor activities.
A major center for spectator sports and cultural activities. May A major center for spectator sports and cultural activities. May
include features include features
of historic, geological, and horticultural interests. Minimum size: 50 of historic, geological, and horticultural interests. Minimum size: 50
acres.
2 Vicinity of major populated areas.
Facilities include: multi -purpose building, auditorium, gymnasium,
swimming pool, adequate parking areas, and facilities for spectator
sports: football, baseball,
3 softball, track field, tennis, basketball and volleyball.
Facilities include: multi -purpose building, auditorium, gymnasium,
swimming pool, adequate parking areas, and facilities for spectator
sports: football, baseball,
4 softball, track field, tennis, basketball and volleyball.
DISTRICT PARKS
Offer diversified types of recreational activities to an entire district
5 that include indoor and outdoor sports. Minimum size: 10 to 30 acres.
6 Within a district consisting of several populated communities.
Facilities include: gymnasium with office, storage, restrooms,
showers; a centerfor
community and recreational programs; swimming pool (if justifiable);
play area and
equipment for young children; courts for basketball, tennis, and
volleyball; ball-fiels for soccer, baseball, softball, and football; night
7 lights; and an adequate parking area.
COMMUNITY PARKS
Community recreation area serving surrounding urban areas, and
entire community
8 in rural areas. Provides active and passive activities.
Between 4 and 8 acres, within the center of the community or several
9 neighborhoods.
Facilities include: multi -purpose building; gymnasium (where not
serviceable from
a district park); courts for basketball, volleyball and tennis; ballfields
for softball/
baseball, soccer, football; play area and equipment for young
children; walking
and jogging paths; picnic and passive area; night lights and an
10 adequate parking area.
NEIGHBORHOOD PARKS
acres.
Vicinity of major populated areas.
Facilities include: multi -purpose building, auditorium, gymnasium,
swimming
pool, adequate parking areas, and facilities for spectator sports:
football, baseball,
softball, track field, tennis, basketball and volleyball.
12.4 b) Offer diversified types of recreational activities to an entire
districtthat include indoor and outdoor sports. Minimum size: 10 to
30 acres.
Within a district consisting of several populated communities.
Facilities include: gymnasium with office, storage, restrooms,
showers; a center for
community and recreational programs; swimming pool (if justifiable);
play area and
equipment for young children; courts for basketball, tennis, and
volleyball; ball-tields for soccer, baseball, softball, and football; night
lights; and an adequate parking
area.
12.4 c) Community recreation area serving surrounding urban areas,
and entire community in rural areas. Provides active and passive
activities.
Between 4 and 8 acres, within the center of the community or several
neighborhoods.
Facilities include: multi -purpose building; gymnasium (where not
serviceable from
a district park); courts for basketball, volleyball and tennis; ballfields
for softball/
baseball, soccer, football; play area and equipment for young
children; walking
and jogging paths; picnic and passive area; night lights and an
adequate parking area.
Provide open space in urbanizing areas for the general aesthetic
Provides open space in urbanizing areas for the general aesthetic enjoyment of the 12.4 d) Provide open space in urbanizing areas for the general
enjoyment of the outdoors, play areas for young children, and a social outdoors, play areas for young children, and a social gathering place aesthetic enjoyment of the outdoors, play areas for young children,
11 gathering place for the neighborhood. for the neighborhood. and a social gathering place for the neighborhood.
Park Standards (Table 39)
2045 GP
REC. STAND
103
1971 GP
Up to 4 acres, within the center of the neighborhood and preferably
12 adjacent to a school.
Minimum facilities include: restmoms; drinking water; sheltered area
for crafts and other passive activities; office; parkkeeper' s storage;
walking
paths ( bike and skating paths); play area and equipment for young
13 children; and an adequate and defined parking area.
Larger neighborhood centers between 4 and B acres provide
additional facilities for active team sports: courts for basketball,
volleyball, and tennis;
14 softball and footballfields; night lights; and adequate parking.
15 Major center for spectator sports and forcu Rural and social activities
RECREATION STANDARDS
1989 GP
2005 GP
Up to 4 acres, within the center ofthe neighborhood and preferably
adjacent to a Up to 4 acres, within the center ofthe neighborhood and preferably
school. adjacent to a school.
Minimum facilities include: restrooms; drinking water; walking and Minimum facilities include: restrooms; drinking water; walking and
jogging paths jogging paths
(bike and skating paths); courts for basketball, volleyball and tennis; (bike and skating paths); courts for basketball, volleyball and tennis;
ballfields for ballfields for
tetherball, baseball/softball and soccer; play area and equipment for tetherball, baseball/softball and soccer; play area and equipment for
young children; young children;
and an adequate parking area. and an adequate parking area.
COMMUNITY CENTERS
16 Size depends on facilities proposed and accessory uses. Major center for spectator sports, cultural and social activities.
Facilities include: multipurpose building; auditorium; gym; facilities for
spectator sports; swimming facility; and adequate and defined
17 parking. Size depends on facilities proposed and accessary uses.
12.4 e)
Major center for spectator sports, cultural and social activities.
Size depends on facilities proposed and accessory uses.
Facilities include: multipurpose building; auditorium; gymnasium; Facilities include: multipurpose building; auditorium; gymnasium;
facilities for facilities for
18 spectator sports; swimming facility; and an adequate parking area. spectator sports; swimming facility; and an adequate parking area.
PARKS FOR GENERAL USE
Centered around a major natural asset, such as a sandy beach, a prime 12.4 f) Centered around a major natural asset, such as a sandy beach,
Centered around a major natural asset, such as a sandy beach, a prime forest, or a a prime forest, or a volcanic feature and includes historic sites
19 forest, or a volcanic feature. volcanic feature and includes historic sites wheneverfeasible. whenever feasible.
20 Designed to accommodate users from throughout the County.
Beach parks provide opportunities for swimming, fishing, boating,
nature study, and other pastimes. Every section ofthe island should
be adequately served. Facilities depend on size and intensity of use
but should include: restrooms with showers and changing area; picnic
area with tables and cooking facilities; a defined tent camping area
when allowed; drinking water; defined and adequate parking;
pavilions of various sizes; and storage for groundskeeper and
21 lifeguard equipment.
Wilderness areas are remote from population centers and have
limited access byjeep, hiking, biking, or horseback Facilities include:
trails and unimproved roads; designated hunting and fishing areas;
designated conservation areas for nature study and other passive
activities; wilderness camp sites with simple shelters where needed;
22 outhouse facilities; and drinking water.
Designed to accommodate users from throughout the County.
Beach parks provide opportunities for swimming/sunbathing, surfing,
camping, fishing, boating, nature study, and other pastimes. Every
section of the island should be adequately served. Facilities depend
on size and intensity of use but should include: restroams with
showers; picnic facilities; a defined tent camping area when allowed;
drinking water; adequate parking; pavilions of various sizes; and
lifeguard facilities.
Designed to accommodate users from throughout the County.
Beach parks provide opportunities for swimming/sunbathing, surfing,
camping, fishing, boating, nature study, and other pastimes. Every
section ofthe island should be adequately served. Facilities depend
on size and intensity of use but should include: restroams with
showers; picnic facilities; a defined tent camping area when allowed;
drinking water; adequate parking; pavilions of various sizes; and
lifeguard facilities.
Wilderness and wildland areas are remote from population centers Wilderness and wildland areas are remote from population centers
and have limited access byjeep, hiking, bilking, or horseback. and have limited access byjeep, hiking, biking, or horseback.
Facilities include: trails and unimproved roads; designated hunting Facilities include: trails and unimproved roads; designated hunting
and fishing areas; designated conservation areas for nature study and and fishing area„ designated conservation areas for nature study and
23 Historic sites should be included in parks whenever feasible. other passive activities; and wilderness camp sites. other passive activities; and wilderness camp sites.
PARK DEDICATION CODE
2045 GP
REC. STAND
104
RECREATION STANDARDS
1971 GP 1989 GP
2005 GP 2045 GP
The County's Park Dedication Code (Chapter 8, Hawaii County Code)
12.4 g) The County's Park Dedication Code (Chapter 8, Hawaii County
provides standards for the dedication of land, facilities or assessment
Code) provides standards for the dedication of land, facilities or
of in -lieu fees for recreational purposes upon the subdivision of land
assessment of in -lieu fees for recreational purposes upon the
or the development of multiple family residential units. The code
subdivision of land or the development of multiple family residential
requires a minimum ratio of five acres of land for park and playground
units. The code requires a minimum ratio of five acres of land for park
purposes for every 1,000 persons in each district.
and playground purposes for every 1,000 persons in each district.
PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE SHORELINE AND MOUNTAIN AREAS
The County's Public Access to the Shoreline and Mountain Areas Code
12.4 h) The County's Public Access to the Shoreline and Mountain
(Chapter 34, Hawaii County Code) requires the dedication of land for
Areas Code (Chapter 34, Hawaii County Code) requires the dedication
public rights -of -way as part of subdivision approval or the issuance of
of land for public rights -of -way as part of subdivision approval or the
a building permit for the construction of a multiple -family residential
issuance of a building permit for the construction of a multiple -family
development, under certain circumstances.
residential development, under certain circumstances.
REC. STAND
105
1971 GP
1 A multipurpose community center and park should be
established in
Pahoa.
2 A swimming pool should be provided in Pahoa in cooperation
with the Department of Education, the plantation, and local
community groups.
3 As population increases and need arises, neighborhood parks
in large
subdivisions between Keaau and Pahoa shall be provided
and improved.
4 Punaluu Springs (Queen' s Bath) should be developed as a
parkto include Waiaka and Waikupaha Ponds.
5 Implement the County of Hawaii Park Development Plan for
the Kalapana-Kaimu area. Preserve and restore Kaimu Black
Sand Beach. In cooperation with the U.S. Corps of Engineers
implement the construction of a submerged breakwater and
beach replenishment to preserve
and restore Kaimu Black Sand Beach.
6 Recommend establishing a wilderness camp and park reserve
on State-owned land east of Kaimu.
7 Recommend the establishment of beach reserves at Kehena
Beach and Opihikao (west of Opihikao junction).
8 Recommend that the State increase the area of MacKenzie
Park.
9 Develop the Pohoiki recreation area and improve its
launching ramp.
Improve Isaac Hale Park. Provide trail access to Keahialaka
Spring and Pond and Mahinaakaka Heiau.
10 Develop the Kapoho Tidepools as a marine park.
RECREATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
PUNA
A swimming pool should be provided in Pahoa in
cooperation with the Department of Education
As population increases and need arises, neighborhood parks
in large subdivisions between Keaau and Pahoa should be
provided and improved.
2005 GP
12.5.1.2 a) As the population increases and need arises,
neighborhood parks in large subdivisions between Keaau and
Pahoa should be provided and improved.
12.5.1.2 b) Encourage the State to establish a park reserve
on State-owned land east of Kairnu.
Implement the County of Hawaii Park Development Plan for 12.5.1.2 c) Recommend the establishment of beach reserves
the Kalapana-Kaimu area. at Kehena Beach and Opihikao (west of Opihikao junction).
Recommend that the State develop the ancient canoe
landing site area as a recreation area.
12.5.1.2 d) Recommend that the State expand the
MacKenzie State Recreation Area.
Recommend establishing a wilderness camp and park reserve 12.5.1.2 e) Develop the expanded Isaac Hale Beach Park
on State-owned land east of Kaimu. recreation area. Provide trail access to Keahialaka Spring and
Pond and Mahinaakaka Heiau.
Recommend the establishment of beach reserves at Kehena 12.5.1.2 f) Develop the Kapoho Tidepools as a marine park.
Beach and Opihikao (west of Opihikao junction).
Recommend that the State expand the Mackenzie State
Recreation Area.
Develop the Kapoho Tidepools as a marine park.
Establish a small scenic park overlooking Kapoho and provide
minimum facilities.
12.5.1.2 g) Establish a small scenic park overlooking Kapoho
and provide minimum facilities.
12.5.1.2 h) Develop recreational areas along the coast
between Hilo and Kapoho, including areas at Papai, Haena
(Keaau), Kaloli Point, Keonepoko Nui, Honolulu Landing, and
Nanawale.
12.5.1.2 i) Establish small scenic viewpoints along the Puna
Road to overlook the rift zone and Kaueleau, Keekee and the
1955 flows.
REC.COA
2045
Parks and Recreation Funding
35.a Provide funding for planning and acquisition, if
necessary, of key corridor segments after corridor- zone plans
are adopted.
35.1b Revise the park dedication code requiring subdivisions
to provide land area for park and recreational use or
contribute to a maintenance fund in lieu of an impact fee
ordinance.
Interagency Collaboration and Public Engagement
35.c Partner with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, and other stakeholders to increase funding sources
for park, recreation, and trail development and maintenance.
35.d Partner with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, and other stakeholders to initiate joint agreements
for funding, management, and maintenance for recreation,
shared use spaces, hardened shelters, and public access
priorities.
35.e Support the U.S. Department of Interior, National Park
Service's expansion plans for the Hawaii Volcanoes,
Pu'ukohola National Historic Park, Pu`uhonua 0 Honaunau
National Historic Parks, Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail,
and Kalolco-Honolcohau National Historic Park.
35.f Update the County of Hawaii Recreation Plan to reflect
newly identified recreational priorities.
35.g Encourage the adoption of State programs for State
lands consistent with the General Plan.
35.h Develop a recreation information dissemination system
for the public's use.
Develop recreational areas along the coast between Hilo and 12.5.1.2 j) Explore means to maximize the use of the Pahoa 35.i Develop best management practices for the
Kapoho, including areas at Papai, Haena (Keaau), Kaloli Point, Neighborhood Facility site to serve the recreational needs of development and maintenance of golf courses in
Keonepoko Nui, Honolulu Landing, and Nanawale. the lower Puna area. collaboration with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, and other stakeholders.
11 Establish a small scenic park overlooking Kapoho and provide Establish small scenic viewpoints along the Puna Road to 35J Develop local citizen leadership and participation in
minimum overlook the rift zone and Kauileau, Keekee and the 1955 recreation planning, maintenance, and programming.
facilities. flows.
106
1971 GP
12 Recreation along the coastal area between Hilo and Kapoho
should be developed and include areas at Papai, Haena
Keaau), Kaloli Point,
Keonepoko Nui, Honolulu Landing, and Nanawale.
13 Small scenic parks should be established along the Puna
Road to provide viewpoints of the rift zone and Kauileau,
Keekee and the 1955 flows.
14 Clem Akina Park, Gilbert Carvalho Park, Wainaku Camp 2
Field, and
Ainako Park should be developed as neighborhood recreation
centers
with improved drainage and landscaping, a sitting area for
passive recreation, and play sculpture and equipment.
15 Improve Kalakaua Park to encourage passive use by providing
sheltered sitting areas and landscaping. A drinking fountain
and restroom are needed.
16 Develop Lincoln Park as a major tennis facility with a
playground and
sitting area for family use.
17 Shaded areas with benches are needed in Keikiland, Villa
Franca. Improve access from street.
18 Develop Waiakea Uka Gym and Field as a hostel, especially
for students from other districts
RECREATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
S. HILO
Clem Akina Park, Gilbert Carvalho Park, Wainaku Camp 2
Field, and Wainaku Camp 2 Field as community recreation
centers with improved drainage and landscaping, a sitting
area for passive recreation, and play sculpture and
equipment.
Improve Kalakaua Park as an open space amenity and the
focal point of the Kalakaua Park
Heritage Area
Provide shaded areas with benches at Keikiland, Villa Franca.
Encourage the State to maintain a strip park along
both sides of the Wailuku River in the central business
district of Hilo and provide major viewpoints with pedestrian
walkways and benches.
Community and/or neighborhood recreational areas should
be provided in areas such as Piihonua, upper Ponahawai,
upper Kaumana, Haihai, upper Waiakea, and at Kulaimano
Subdivision.
2005 GP
12.5.2.2 a) Maintain Clem Akina Park, Gilbert Carvalho Park,
Keikiland Playground and Wainaku Camp 2 Field as
community recreation.
REC.COA
2045
35.k Maintain an on -going program of identification,
designation, and acquisition of areas with existing or
potential recreational resources, such as land with sandy
beaches and other prime areas for shoreline recreation in
collaboration with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, and other stakeholders.
35.1 Perform a review and audit of the inventory resulting
from the subdivision requirements within Code, (reservation
for parks, playgrounds, and public building sites).
35.m Amend Code to ensure that land area is not only set
aside for recreational or public use but that there are funds
or a funding mechanism to develop the land for its intended
purpose.
35.n Enter into partnership agreements with the State and
private groups (e.g., Friends of the Park) to make
improvements and assist in the maintenance of essential but
inadequately maintained parks.
12.5.2.2 b) Improve Kalakaua Park as an open space arnenity 35.o Expand and map Friends of the Park programs to
and the focal point of the Kalakaua Park Heritage Area. manage and improve County parks and facilities.
12.5.2.2 c) Encourage the development of a park along both
35.p Support hunting and fishing activities where authorized
sides of the Wailuku River in the central business district of
on public and private property.
Hilo and provide major viewpoints with pedestrian walkways
and benches.
12.5.2.2 d) Community and/or neighborhood recreational
Recreational Facilities Siting and Planning
areas should be provided in areas such as Piihonua, upper
Ponahawai, Kaumana-Ainako, upper Kaumana, Haihai, and
upper Waiakea.
12.5.2.2 e) Develop urban commercial areas with landscaped
35.q Identify shoreline areas suitable for coastal access
parks for passive recreation.
points, including boat launches and small boat harbors.
19 Develop a viewpoint park at the summit of Halai Hill with
Develop urban commercial areas with small landscaped parks 12.5.2.2 f) Expand the depth of coastal recreation areas. Park 35.r Develop and implement a cemeteries master plan for the
limited parking below.
for passive recreation.
areas should be connected with trails to increase public
access.
siting of future cemeteries.
20 A strip park along both sides of the Wailuku River in the
Expand the depth of coastal recreation areas. Park areas
12.5.2.2 g) Develop the coastal area between Lehia and
35s Analyze under -represented open recreation and healthy
central business district of Hilo should be maintained. Major
should be connected with trails to increase public access.
Lihikai for recreational use.
living activities to be included in Park Standards.
viewpoints with pedestrian walkways and benches should be
provided.
21 Neighborhood recreational areas should be provided in areas
Develop the coastal area between Lehia and
12.5.2.2 h) Develop Reed's Bay for more intensive
35.t Create new or enhance sports facilities to encourage and
such as
Lihikai for recreation.
water -oriented recreation.
attract regional tournaments to our island.
Piihonua, upper Ponahawai and Haihai, Panaewa and upper
Waiakea, and Pepeekeo.
107
1971 GP
22 Developing urban commercial areas should have small
landscaped parks
for passive recreation.
23 Increase the depth of coastal recreation areas. Park areas
should be connected with trails to increase public access.
24
25
26
27
28
29 Provide a swimming facility in the Laupahoehoe area.
30 Develop John M. Ross School in Hanohina for cultural or
educational
use.
RECREATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
Develop Reed's Bay for more intensive water -oriented
recreation.
Encourage the State to develop an
adequate small boat harbor and additional moorage
facilities.
Develop Kuhio Bay and the Baker's Beach area as a public
recreational facility.
Encourage the implementation of the "Environmental and
Urban Design Proposals, East Hawaii Project, City of Hilo,"
and the " Downtown Hilo Redevelopment Plan" for the open
space of Kaiko'o and Bayfront areas. This includes the
deepening of Waiolama Canal, the
development of the proposed Waiolama River State Park,
the elimination of Bayfront Drive and the widening and
realigning of Kamehameha Avenue, and the establishment of
botanical gardens.
Provide trail and access systems to recreational areas.
Provide a large auditorium which can be used for convention
center and major cultural events.
Develop a second municipal golf course.
N. HILO
Implement the Laupahoehoe Point Park master plan.
Implement the boat launching ramp at Laupahoehoe
Peninsula.
2005 GP
12.5.2.2 i) Encourage the State to develop a small boat
harbor and additional moorage facilities.
REC.COA
2045
Recreational Facilities Maintenance and Improvement
12.5.2.2 j) Develop Kuhio Bay and the Baker's Beach area as a 35.0 Implement interpretive signage through collaboration
public recreation facility. with community groups at appropriate locations.
12.5.2.2 k) Encourage the implementation of the
"Environmental and Urban Design Proposals, East Hawaii
Project, City of Hilo," and the "Downtown Hilo
Redevelopment Plan" for the Kaiko'o and Bayfront areas.
This includes the deepening of Waiolama Canal, the
development of the proposed Waiolama River State Park, the
elimination of Bayfront Highway and the widening and
realigning of Kamehameha Avenue, and the establishment of
botanical gardens.
12.5.2.2 1) Provide trail and access systems to recreational
areas.
12.5.2.2 m) Develop a center/complex for major cultural,
educational and recreational activities.
12.5.2.2 n) Develop a second municipal golf course.
12.5.2.2 o) Return Kaumana Caves County Park, a natural
resource recreation area, to the jurisdiction of the State.
12.5.3.2 a) Implement the Laupahoehoe Point Beach Park
master plan.
12.5.3.2 b) Improve the boat launching facilities at
Laupahoehoe Peninsula by encouraging the Army Corps of
Engineers to extend the breakwater.
35.v Conduct Park facilities condition assessments and keep
the County of Hawai'i Recreation Plan updated to reflect
newly identified recreational priorities. The updated
Recreation Plan should develop a strategic management plan
for upgrading facilities and establish a level of service
standards for parks.
35.w Plan, manage, and maintain parks to ensure that the
quality of recreation areas does not diminish with heavy
usage.
35.x Develop facilities and safe pathway systems for walking,
jogging, and biking activities.
35.y Amend the Code to better address park and recreation
issues in the following ways:
i. Amend Subdivision Code to be consistent with Dedication
of Land Code in providing land area for park and recreational
use or pay a fee in lieu thereof.
ii. Develop and adopt an Impact Fees Ordinance
iii. Amend Dedication of Land code to include "net useable
acreage."
Recreational Services
35.z Develop a center/complex for major cultural,
educational, and recreational activities in underserved
population centers, such as Kona.
35.aa Develop facilities and safe pathway systems for
multimodal use such as walking, jogging, and biking
activities.
35.1bb Develop walking paths around existing ballparks and
other park grounds, as feasible. These walking paths should
be level footpaths that meet accessibility requirements
whenever possible.
108
1971 GP
31 Improve parking and provide smaller pavilions at
Laupahoehoe Peninsula Beach Park.
32 Develop a mauka recreational area.
33 Close coordination between private and public recreation
agencies is
encouraged.
34 The County should assist the Hamakua Youth Center as
needed.
35 The recreational development of Waipio and Waimanu
Valleys as natural and wilderness areas should be
encouraged. Encourage the State to provide small recreation
sites on the edge of Waipio Valley.
36 Encourage the development of a general park in the
Kaao-Ahualoa section of the Hamakua Forest Reserve, as
recommended bythe Hamakua community.
37 As the need arises, develop the former school lot in Ahualoa
as a neighborhood park.
38 Encourage the development of a recreation area on the
Waipio side of Honokaa School for community playground
use.
39 A scenic park shall be developed on the Kohala side of
Hiilawe Falls
after the completion of the scenic highway.
RECREATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
HAMAKUA
Encourage close coordination between private and public
recreation agencies.
Encourage the recreational development of Waipio and
Waimanu Valleys as natural and wilderness areas. Encourage
the State to
provide small recreation sites on the edge of Waipio Valley.
Encourage the development of a general park in the
Kaao-Ahualoa section of the Hamakua Forest Reserve, as
recommended bythe Hamakua community.
Develop the former school lot in Ahualoa as a neighborhood
park as the need arises.
Develop a scenic park on the
Kohala side of Hiilawe Falls after the completion of the
scenic highway.
N.KOHALA
2005 GP
12.5.4.2 a) Construct multipurpose rooms adjacent to the
gymnasium in Honokaa Park to accommodate community
meetings and functions.
12.5.4.2 b) Encourage the recreational development of
Waipio and Waimanu Valleys as natural and wilderness
areas. Encourage the State to provide small recreation sites
on the edge of Waipio Valley.
12.5.4.2 c) Encourage the development of a general use park
in the Kaao-Ahualoa section of the Hamakua Forest Reserve.
12.5.4.2 d) Encourage the State to develop a scenic park on
the Kohala side of Hiilawe Falls in conjunction with the
development of the scenic highway.
40 Encourage the development of additional community Encourage the development of Pololu Valley as a 12.5.5.2 a) Expand facilities at Kapa'a Beach Park.
facilities, which should include a gymnasium, a youth center, recreation area with a minimum of man-made elements
and a swimming facility.
41 Encourage the development of Pololu Valley as a recreation Encourage the use of the total area of Kapaa 12.5.5.2 b) Encourage the State to further develop the
area with a minimum of man-made elements. Beach Park. Lapakahi complex as a historic park.
REC.COA
2045
35.cc Expand active open recreational opportunities at the
Pana`ewa Rainforest Zoo and Equestrian Center properties
such as bike/walking trails, horse trails, dog -friendly trails,
and other outdoor recreation that would complement the
Pana`ewa complex.
Community Health and Wellness
36.a Establish an Aging and Disability Resource Center in
Kailua-Kona.
36.1b Develop a medical center TOD master plan and rezone it
as a Regional Center TOD.
36.c Develop public showers and restroom facilities in
strategic locations to serve the homeless and meet public
sanitation needs.
36.d Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to establish a
One -Stop Community Resource Center to serve as a point of
community access for information and referral for health,
education, and social services.
36.e Expand the use of mobile health centers and services
(e.g., screening, vision, and dental) to rotate through the rural
communities regularly.
36.f Partnerwith government, private and nonprofit
agencies, communities, and other stakeholders to develop a
consolidated services facility plan for the victim and offender
treatment, counseling, and other rehabilitation services (and
other social services) in major urban centers (Hilo,
Kailua-Kona, Waimea).
36.g Support the distribution of telehealth support services,
particularlyto unserved and underserved communities.
36.1h Amend County zoning and building codes as necessary
to accommodate home and community- based care, elderly
care, and care for those with disabilities.
36.i Amend the County Code to include land uses for
substance abuse, mental health, and medical rehabilitative
facilities and determine appropriate criteria for siting in
communities.
36.j Amend the County Code to designate a lead agency for
coordinating and responding to outbreaks of
life -threatening, highly communicable diseases pursuant to
the DOH direction.
109
1971 GP
42 Use of the total area of I(apaa Beach Park should be
encouraged.
43 Encourage the State to implement plans for the
development of the Lapakahi complex as a historic park, and
establish a marine park.
44 Recommend the expansion of small boat harbor facilities at
Mahukona Harbor and multi -use recreation area on adjacent
lands.
45 Encourage the development of the Upolu Point area for
recreation, including access to fishing areas.
46 Encourage the implementation of the Hapuna Beach State
Park plan.
47 Implement the Spencer Park development plan. Improve
picnic facilities and encourage the construction of small
pavilions at Spencer Park.
48 Reserve and develop additional beach parks in South Kohala.
49 Encourage the establishment of neighborhood park reserves
in the district.
50 Ensure public use of and access to beach areas in South
Kohala.
51 The development of Puukohola and Mailekini Heiaus as a
historic park within a recreation complex should be
encouraged.
52 Recommend the development of the petroglyph fields at
Puako as historic parks.
53 Recommend the State to implement plans for small boat
harbor facilities at Kawaihae.
54
55
56
57
58 Encourage the development of neighborhood recreational
facilities with easy access for residents.
RECREATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
2005 GP
Encourage the State to further develop the Lapakahi complex 12.5.5.2 c) Recommend the expansion of small boat harbor
as a historic park, and establish a marine park.
facilities at Mahukona Harbor.
Recommend the expansion of small boat harbor
12.5.5.2 d) Expand the multi -use recreation areas at
facilities at Mahukona Harbor and multi -use recreation
Mahul<ona and Kapaa Beach Parks.
area on adjacent lands.
Encourage the development of the Upolu Point area for
12.5.5.2 e) Encourage the State to dedicate approximately 12
recreation, including access to fishing areas.
acres of its lands surrounding Mahukona Beach Park to the
County to accommodate the expansion of Mahukona Beach
Park.
12.5.5.2 f) Encourage the development of the Upolu Point
area for recreation, including access to fishing areas.
S.KOHALA
Encourage the full implementation of the Hapuna Beach
12.5.5.2 a) Encourage the full implementation of the Hapuna
State Mater Park plan including Waele Bay Area.
Beach State Park Master Plan including Wailea Bay Area.
Implement the Spencer Park development plan. Improve
12.5.6.2 b) Improve picnic and camping facilities at Samuel
picnic facilities at Spencer Park.
M. Spencer Beach Park.
Reserve, acquire and develop additional public shoreline
recreation areas in South Kohala.
Encourage the establishment of neighborhood park reserves
in the district.
Ensure public use of and access to beach areas in South
Kohala.
Implement the development of the petroglyph fields at
Puako as a historic park
Recommend the State to implement plans for small boat
harbor facilities at Kawaihae.
Develop and implement a master plan for Waimea Park to
include basketball courts, improved parking and restrooms.
Encourage the expansion of outdoor recreational areas
around Waimea School.
Playfields and four neighborhood playground sites
shall he set aside within Waikoloa.
N. KONA
Encourage the development of community
and district recreational facilities, a gymnasium and
community center with easy access for residents
12.5.6.2 c) Acquire and develop additional public shoreline
recreation areas.
12.5.6.2 d) Encourage the establishment of neighborhood
parks.
12.5.6.2 e) Ensure public use of and access to beach areas.
12.5.6.2 f) Develop parking areas for Waimea Park.
12.5.6.2 g) Develop additional recreational facilities in
Waimea, including an approximate 30-acre regional park on
land to be donated by Parker Ranch.
12.5.6.2 h) Encourage the expansion of outdoor recreational
areas around Waimea School.
12.5.6.2 i) Develop recreational facilities in Waikoloa,
including an enclosed community center/sports complex.
12.5.6.2j) Develop trail systems linking residential areas to
Waimea's urban center.
12.5.6.2 k) Support the passive use of Church Row Park.
12.5.6.2 1) Encourage development of Waimea Trails &
Greenways and Waimea Nature Park (Ulu Laau).
12.5.7.2 a) Encourage the development of community and
district recreational facilities, a gymnasium and community
center with easy access for residents.
2045
REC.COA
Im
1971 GP
59 Encourage the development of the recreation area at
Holualoa School.
60 Encourage the development of AM Drive as a pedestrian mall
with open space areas for passive recreation.
61 Improve facilities at White Sand Beach and expand Kahaluu
Beach Park.
62 Protect the marine life at Kahaluu Bay.
63 Recommend the development of the old Kona Airport or
Honokohau as a major regional park. The final site selection
should be dependent on a study of the sites.
64 Establish public access to and the development of shoreline
regions along the North Kona Coast so as to provide
recreational opportunities in
areas such as Keawaiki, Kiholo Bay, Kaupulehu, Kukio and
Kapapa
Bays, Kua Bay, Kahoiawa, Makalawena, Mahaiula, and
Honokohau.
65 Protect Opaeula, Kaloko, and Honokohau (Aimakapa) Ponds
as natural
areas.
66 Review the possibility of restoring the sand beach in Kailua.
67 Improve facilities at Kailua Bay wharf and Keauhou Small
Boat Harbor.
68 Encourage the development of historic trails.
69
70
71
72
73 Adequate neighborhood recreational facilities should be
developed in existing and urbanizing communities.
74 In cooperation with the Department of Education, further
recreational facilities should be established at Konawaena,
Honaunau, and Hookena Schools.
RECREATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
Encourage the development of Alin Drive withinthe
Kailua Village area as a pedestrian mall with open
space areas for passive recreation
Improve facilities at White Sand Beach and expand Kahaluu
Beach Park.
Implement the development of the Kailua Park ( Old Kona
Airport) as a major regional or district park.
Reserve acquire and develop additional public
shoreline recreation areas in North Kona.
Establish public access to and the development of
shoreline regions along the North Kona Coast so as to
provide recreational opportunities in areas such as Keawaiki,
Kiholo Bay, Kaupulehu, Kukio and Kapapa Bays, Kua Bay,
Kahoiawa, Makalawena, Mahaiula, and Honokohau.
Protect the marine life at Kahaluu Bay.
Protect Opaeula, Kaloko, and Honokohau ( Aimakapa) Ponds
as natural areas.
Encourage the development of historic trails.
Develop a municipal gulf course.
Encourage the establishment of a historic park at
Kamoa Point and protect the historic sites.
Encourage the acquisition and estate summit area of
Hualalai as a wilderness park.
S. KONA
Expand and/or develop recreational facilities in existing and
urbanizing communities
Establish, in cooperation with the Department of
Education, additional recreational facilities at Konawaena,
Honaunau, and Hookena Schools.
2005 GP
12.5.7.2 b) Encourage the development of Ain Drive within
the Kailua Village area as a pedestrian mall with open space
areas for passive recreation.
12.5.7.2 c) Improve facilities at Laaloa Bay Beach Park and
KahalLln Beach Park.
12.5.7.2 d) Implement the development of the Kailua Park
(Old Kona Airport) as a major regional or district park.
12.5.7.2 e) Encourage the development of a major
multi -purpose regional recreational and sports complex.
12.5.7.2 f) Acquire, and/or encourage the development of
additional public shoreline recreation areas.
12.5.7.2 g) Establish public access to and the development of
shoreline regions along the North Kona Coast in areas such
as Keawaiki, Kiholo Bay, Kaupulehu, Kukio and Kapapa Bays,
Kua Bay, Kahoiawa, Makalawena, and Honokohau.
12.5.7.2 h) Encourage the State to continue with the
establishment of Kekaha Kai State Park reaching into
Mahaiula, Awakee, and Maniniowali Ahupuaa.
12.5.7.2 i) Protect the marine life at Kahaluu Bay.
12.5.7.2 j) Protect Opaeula, Kaloko, and Honukohau
(Aimakapa) Ponds as natural areas.
12.5.7.2 k) Encourage the development of historic trails.
12.5.7.21) Develop a municipal golf course.
12.5.7.2 m) Encourage the establishment of a historic park at
Kamoa Point.
12.5.7.2 n) Encourage the acquisition and establishment of
the summit area of Hualalai as a wilderness park.
12.5.7.2 o) Increase mauka park lands.
12.5.8.2 a) Expand and/or develop recreational facilities in
existing communities.
12.5.8.2 b) Establish, in cooperation with the State
Department of Education, additional recreational facilities at
Konawaena, Honaunau, and Hookena Schools.
2045
REC.COA
am
1971 GP
75 Encourage the development of a district recreation center
with the co-operation of public and private agencies
concerned with recreation.
76 Encourage the development of the coastal area for public
recreational
use.
77 Encourage the establishment of a major historic park at
Kealakekua
Bay and protect historic sites and scenic aspects of the area.
78 Encourage the development of beach park reserves as
natural areas and the improvement of present beach parks.
RECREATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
Encourage the development of a district recreation
center with the cooperation of public and private
agencies.
Encourage the development of the coastal area for
public recreational use.
Encourage the [ establishment] development of a [ major]
historic park at Kealakekua Bay and protect historic
sites and scenic aspects of the area.
Encourage the development of beach park reserves as
natural areas and the improvement of [ present]
existing beach parks.
79 Recommend the further development of Honaunau Bay as a Recommend the further development of Honaunau Bay as a
historic park with recreational opportunities. historic park with recreational opportunities
80 Develop a regional public golf course.
81 Recommend that Honomalino Bay become a beach reserve
82 Implement plan for the development of Palemano Point and
Hookena.
83 Encourage the development of a swimming facility and
instructional program at Naalehu.
84 Parks in subdivisions in the Kahuku area shall be developed
commensurate with population growth.
85 Encourage the establishment of the Punaluu-Ninole Springs
region as a recreation area.
86 The South Point area should be developed as a recreational
complex with opportunities for camping, picnicking, fishing,
nature study, and hiking. The I(amaoa park site could be
utilized as a camping park.
87 Recommend the development of Kaaluala Bay as a remote
camping beach park.
88 Encourage the State Division of Forestry to develop
wilderness recreation uses of the Kapua-Manuka Forest
Reserve.
program in Naalehu.
Recommend that Honomalino Bay became a beach reserve.
Implement the developmentplans for Palemano Point and
Hookena.
KA'U
Encourage the development of a swimming facility and
instructional program in Naalehu.
Develop parks in subdivisions in the Kahuku
area commensurate with population growth.
Encourage the establishment of the Punaluu-Ninole Springs
region as a recreation area.
Encourage the Department of Hawaiian Homes Lands to
develop the South Point area for recreational opportunities.
The Kamaoa park site could be utilized as a camping park.
Recommend the development of Kaaluala Bay as a remote
camping -beach park
Encourage the State Division of Forestry and Wildlife to
develop wilderness recreation uses of the Kapua-Manuka
Forest Reserve
89 Encourage the restoration of Nicole Pond as a
recreation area.
2005 GP
12.5.8.2 c) Encourage the development of a district
recreation center with the cooperation of public and private
agencies.
12.5.8.2 d) Encourage the development of the coastal area
for public recreational use.
12.5.8.2 e) Encourage the development of a historic park at
Kealakekua Bay and protect historic sites and scenic aspects
of the area. Provide a conservation buffer around
Kealakekua Bay.
12.5.8.2 f) Encourage the development of beach park
reserves as natural areas and the improvement of existing
beach parks.
12.5.8.2 g) Encourage the further development of Honaunau
Bay as a historic park with recreational opportunities.
12.5.8.2 h) Encourage the development of Honomalino Bay
as a beach reserve.
12.5.8.2 i) Encourage the development of Palemano Point
and Hookena areas for public recreational opportunities.
12.5.8.2j) Develop and provide cultural facilities and
programs.
12.5.9.2 a) Encourage the development of a swimming
facility in Naalehu.
12.5.9.2 b) Develop parks in Ocean View, commensurate with
Population growth.
12.5.9.2 c) Encourage the establishment of the
Punaluu-Ninole Springs region as a recreation area.
12.5.9.2 d) Encourage the State Department of Hawaiian
Homes Lands to develop the South Point area for
recreational opportunities.
12.5.9.2 e) Recommend the development of Kaalualu Bay as
a remote camping -beach park.
12.5.9.2 f) Encourage the State Department of Land and
Natural Resources to develop wilderness recreation uses of
the Kapua-Manuka Forest Reserve.
12.5.9.2 g) Encourage the restoration of Nicole Pond as a
recreation area.
90 12.5.9.2 h) Encourage land acquisition surrounding
Whittington Beach Park to allow for its expansion and the
construction of a parking area.
2045
REC.COA
112
1971 GP 1989 GP
1 Provide a transportation system whereby people and Provide a transportation system whereby people and
goods can move efficiently, safely, comfortably and goods can move efficiently, safely, comfortably and
economically. economically.
TRANSPORTATION GOALS
2005 GP
13.1.2 a) Provide a transportation system whereby people and goods
can move efficiently, safely, comfortably and economically.
2 Make available a variety of modes of transportation that best meets Make available a variety of modes of transportation that best meets 13.1.2 b) Make available a variety of modes of transportation that
the needs of the County. the needs of the County. best meets the needs of the County.
ROADWAYS
3 Provide a system of thoroughfares and streets far the safe, efficient
and comfortable movement of people and goods between and within
the various
sections of the County.
4 Provide an integrated State and County system so that new major
routes will complement and encourage proposed land uses.
5 Provide transportation terminals and related facilities for the safe,
efficient and comfortable movement of people and goods.
TRANS. GOAL
2045 GP
Transportation Access & Mobility Goal: Each community is
Connected by multimodal and modernized transportation network
that provides a system for safe, efficient, and comfortable movement
of people and goods.
Objective 16: Achieve a transportation system that is consistent with
and will accommodate planned growth.
Objective 17: Increase transportation connectivity.
Provide a system of thoroughfares and streets for 13.2.2 a) Provide a system of roadways for the safe, efficient and Objective 18: Increase mass transit ridership by 50 percent by 2045.
the safe, efficient and comfortable movement of comfortable movement of people and goods.
people and goods between and within the various
sections of the County.
Provide an integrated State and County system so 13.2.2 b) Provide an integrated State and County transportation Objective 19: Reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT).
that new major routes will complement and system so that new major routes will complement and encourage
encourage proposed land uses. proposed land policies.
TERMINALS: AIRPORTS & HARBORS Objective 20: Achieve a transportation system that employs all
modes of transportation at a Community scale.
Provide transportation terminals and related 13.3.2 a) Provide transportation terminals and related facilities for the Objective 21: Incorporate green infrastructure to reduce stormwater
facilities for the safe, efficient and comfortable movement of people safe, efficient and comfortable movement of people and goods. runoff.
and goods.
MASS TRANSIT Objective 22: Increase transportation safety for transportation's
most vulnerable users and reduce traffic fatalities.
13.4.2 a) Provide residents with a variety of public transportation Objective 23: Adequately maintain public transportation systems.
systems that are affordable, efficient, accessible, safe,
environmentally friendly, and reliable.
Objective 24: Improve accessibility to airports, harbor systems, and
support facilities.
113
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1989 GP
TRANSPORTATION POLICIES
A framework of transportation facilities which will promote and A framework of transportation facilities which will
influence desired land use shall be established by concerned promote and influence desired land use shall be
agencies. established by concerned agencies
The agencies concerned with transportation systems should The agencies concerned with transportation systems shall
provide for present traffic and future demands. provide for present traffic and future demands, including mass
transit programs for high growth areas.
3 The improvement of transportation service shall be The improvement of transportation service shall be
encouraged. encouraged.
ROADWAYS
7 The programmed improvement of existing thoroughfares and The County shall encourage the programmed
streets shall be encouraged. improvement of existing thoroughfares and streets by both
public and private sectors.
8 There shall be coordinated planning of Federal, State and The County shall investigate various methods of
County street systems to meet program goals of the other funding road improvements, including private
elements such as historic, recreational, environmental quality. sector participation, to meet the growing
transportation needs of the island.
2005 GP
13.1.3 a) A framework of transportation facilities that will
promote and influence desired land use shall be established by
concerned agencies.
13.1.3 b) The agencies concerned with transportation systems
shall provide for present traffic and future demands, including
the programmed development of mass transit programs for
high growth areas by both the private and public sectors.
13.1.3 c) The improvement of transportation service shall be
encouraged.
13.1.3 d) Consider the provision of adequate transportation
systems to enhance the economic viability of a given area.
13.1.3 e) Develop a comprehensive, islandwide multi -modal
transportation plan that identifies the location and operation of
automobile, mass transit, bicycle and pedestrian systems, in
coordination with appropriate Federal and State agencies.
13.1.3 f) Work with various non-profit agencies to coordinate
transportation opportunities.
13.2.3 a) Encourage the programmed improvement of existing
roadways by both public and private sectors.
13.2.3 b) Investigate various methods of funding road
improvements, including private sector participation, to meet
the growing transportation needs of the island.
TRANS POLICY
2045 GP
16.1 Encourage transportation systems that serve to
accommodate the present and future development needs of
communities. (NEW HRS 226-17 (b)(6))
16.2 Encourage safe and convenient use of low-cost,
energy -efficient, non-polluting means of transportation. (NEW
HRS 226-17 (b)(11))
16.3 Encourage the diversification of transportation modes and
infrastructure to promote alternate fuels and energy efficiency.
(NEW HRS 226-17 (h)(13))
16.4 Transportation and land use planning shall be integrated
to optimize the use, efficiency, and accessibility of existing
mass transportation systems and future demand. (13.4.3 Policy
a)
16.5 Establish a framework of transportation facilities that will
influence desired land use and promote multimodal options.
(13.1.3 Policy a)
16.6 Provide for present traffic and future demands, including
the development of mass transit programs for high -growth
areas by both the private and public sectors. (13.1.3 Policy b)
16.7 Implement procedures for County departments to
collaborate on defining short- and long-term transportation CIP
projects in terms of scope, timing, proposed funding, and
project performance measures required to optimally achieve
transportation ambitions stated in County plans, standards,
and laws. (13.2.3 Roadway Policy r)
16.8 Prioritize CIP investments consistent with General Plan
goals and objectives with consideration for multimodal
transportation demands, walking and cycling infrastructure,
and safety features for our most vulnerable roadway users, for
all roadway repaving, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. (13.2.3
Roadway Policy r)
16.9 Support the design of all transportation facilities,
including airports, harbors, and mass transit stations, to reflect
local and/or Hawaiian architecture. (10.4.2 Standard c; 6.5.4.2
Courses of Action b; Maui 2030 Plan Policy 7.3.3.b; 2019 Policy
169)
9 Private and public parking requirements and needs shall be
The County shall coordinate with appropriate
13.2.3 c) Encourage the State to establish a continuous State
16.10 Identify and evaluate transportation strategies to
incorporated as part of the street system.
Federal and State agencies for the funding of
highway system connecting the County's major airports and
address energy and climate issues. (NEW based on Hawaii
transportation proiects for areas of anticipated growth.
harbors.
2060; 2019 Policy 176)
10 The County shall encourage the State Department of
There shall be coordinated planning of Federal,
13.2.3 d) Support the development of programs to identify and
16.11 Prioritize public and private transportation investments
Transportation to establish special scenic routes within and
State and County street systems to meet program
improve hazardous and substandard sections of roadway and
to expand the multimodal transportation system. (NEW based
between communities.
goals of the other elements such as historic,
drainage problems.
on Maui Island Plan 2012 Policy 6.4.1.b)
recreational, environmental quality, and land
use.
114
TRANSPORTATION POLICIES
1971 GP
1989 GP
11 Transportation and drainage systems shall be integrated in all Provisions for on -street narking shall be
medium and high density urban areas. incorporated into the design of street systems.
12 Support development of an efficient tranist route between east The County shall encourage the State Department
and west Hawaii. of Transportation to establish special scenic
routes within and between communities.
14
16
18
Transportation and drainage systems shall be
integrated where feasible.
The County shall support development of
an efficient transit route between east and west
Hawaii.
2005 GP
2045 GP
TRANS POLICY
13.2.3 e) Coordinate with appropriate Federal and State 16.12 Require new developments to contribute their pro rata
agencies forthe funding of transportation projects for areas of share of local and regional infrastructure costs. (NEW Maui
anticipated growth.
13.2.3 f) Consider the development of alternative means of
transportation, such as mass transit, bicycle and pedestrian
systems, as a means to increase arterial capacity.
13.2.3 g) There shall he coordinated planning of Federal, State,
and County street systems to meet program goals of the other
elements such as historic, recreational, environmental quality,
and land use.
13.2.3 h) Provisions for on -street parking shall be incorporated
into the design of street systems.
The design of urban streets shall consider their implications for 13.2.3 i) Encourage the State Department of Transportation to
uban design and potential multiple uses of the right-of-way establish special scenic routes within and between
within the limits offeasibility and quality road design. communities.
The County shall encourage the development of pedestrian and 13.2.3 j) Transportation and drainage systems shall be
bicycl faciities within designated areas of the community. integrated where feasible.
The county shall work in conjuction with the State of establish 13.2.3 k) Support the development of an efficient transit route
a clear agreement of the ownership and maintenance of the old between east and west Hawaii.
homestad roads which were laid out several decades ago.
All specific courses of actions shall be re-evaluated in
conjuction with community development planning or other
county land planning activities.
13.2.3 1) Adopt street design standards that accommodate,
where appropriate, flexibility in the design of streets to
preserve the rural character of an area and encourage a
pedestrian -friendly design, including landscaping and planted
medians.
2030 Objective 5 Policy b)
16.13 There shall be coordinated planning of transportation
systems for the funding of projects in areas of anticipated
growth and to meet program goals of other elements such as
historic, recreational, environmental quality, and land use.
(13.2.3 Policy g)
Active Living Corridors & Public Access
17.1 Ensure Native Hawaiian access rights are clearly expressed
in County code, policies, and procedures, while also protecting
sacred sites and burials in accordance with applicable state
laws and state historic preservation laws. (8.3 Policy q; 14.7.3
Policy i; HR5 1-1 and 7-1)
17.2 Programmatically support the open space network
concept with a methodology that includes criteria for
establishing County department and other agency
responsibilities, mapping requirements, financing strategies for
implementation and maintenance, and standards for facilities
that enhance the community experience. (Hamakua CDP Policy
46; Kona CDP Policy ENV-2.1, Objective ENV-3, Policy ENV-3.1)
17.3 Prior to disposing of, leasing, or transferring public lands
through County Property Management procedures, the County
shall assess, document, and protect access to existing active
living corridors that are located on County -owned parcels.
(Policy 12.3 n; Hamakua Policy 50)
17.4 Land use applications shall identify as early as possible any
existing or potential active living corridors that should be
incorporated into the County s open space network. (Hamakua
CDP Policy 49; 2019 Policy 416)
17.5 Ensure that existing active living corridors that are publicly
owned or available by easement are properly identified and that
their access elements are secured and documented. a) Primary
examples include but are not limited to historic trails and roads,
roads -in -limbo, 'paper roads', former sugar cane roads, train
infrastructure remnants (Rails to Trails), and pedestrian and
bicycling paths. b) "Acceptance" by the County of the
responsibilities detailed in the grant of easements should
require County Council action and a dedicated funding
source.(Hamakua CDP Policy 46; Kona CDP Policy ENV-2.1,
Objective ENV-3, Policy ENV-3.1; HR5 264-1 (b); Highways Act
of 1892)
115
TRANSPORTATION POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
19 The County shall develop short and long range capital 13.2.3 m) Develop minimum street standards for homestead
improvement programs and plans for transportation which are and other currently substandard roadways that are offered for
consistent with the County General Plan. dedication to the Countyto ensure minimal levels of public
safety.
20 13.2.3 n) Encourage the development of walkways, jogging, and
bicycle paths within designated areas of the community.
24
TERMINALS: AIRPORTS & HARBORS
25 The County shall encourage the programmed improvement of
The County shall encourage the programmed
existing terminals, including adequate provisions for control of
improvement of existing terminals, including
pollution.
adequate provisions for control of pollution.
26 The State Department of Transportation should establish a
The State Department of Transportation should continue to
framework of transportation terminals and related facilities
implement its framework of transportation terminals and
which will promote and
related facilities which will promote and influence desired land
influence desired land use.
use.
27 Transportation terminals should be developed in conjunction Transportation terminals should be developed in
with the different elements of the overall transportation conjunction with the different elements of the
system. overall transportation system.
28 The County shall encourage maximum use of the
island's airport and harbor facilities.
13.2.3 o) Explore means and opportunities to enhance the
shared use of the island's roadways by pedestrians and
bicyclists, in coordination with appropriate government
agencies and organizations.
13.2.3 p) The Bikeway Plan for the County of Hawaii (1979)
shall be updated to include the development of a safe and
usable bikeway system throughout the island.
13.2.3 q) Work in conjunction with the State to establish a clear
agreement of the ownership and maintenance of the old
homestead roads.
13.2.3 r) Develop short and long range capital improvement
programs and plans for transportation that are consistent with
the General Plan.
13.3.3 a) Encourage the programmed improvement of existing
terminals, including adequate provisions for control of pollution
and appropriate and adequate covered storage facilities for
agricultural products.
13.3.3 b) The State Department of Transportation should
continue to implement its plans for transportation terminals
and related facilities to promote and influence desired land use
policies.
13.3.3 c) Transportation terminals should be developed in
conjunction with the different elements of the overall
transportation system.
13.3.3 d) Encourage maximum use of the island's airport and
harborfacilities.
TRANS POLICY
2045 GP
17.6 Provide public pedestrian access opportunities to scenic
places and vistas. (7.3 Policy a)
17.7 Establish public access to historic and modern active living
corridors and facilities that provide an island -wide route and
connect to major destinations. (12.3 Policies I, m; Ka'u CDP
Policy 81; Hamakua CDP Policy 48)
Mass Transit
18.1 Ensure transit routes connect with other modes of active
transportation consistent with the County Street Design
Manual. (13.1.3 Policy e; Kona CDP PVD Guidelines 13.2.h.;
Hawaii County Street Design Manual 2020; 2019 Policy 213)
18.2 Provide more equitable mobility for youth, low-income,
elderly, and people with disabilities. (13.4.3 Policy d; Vision Zero
Action Plan 2020)
18.3 Maximize regular and paratransit service to the following:
a) Town centers, commercial districts, and employment
centers.
b) Airports and cruise ship terminals.
c) University and adult education centers.
d) Accommodate school schedules such as after school
activities and sports.
(Puna CDP Objective 4.2.2.b; Maui Island Plan Policy 2012
6.5.1.a; 2019 Policies 215 a, b, c, and 216)
18.4 Bus maintenance facilities should be developed at or near
appropriate transit hubs. (NEW based on Mass Transit Facilities
Maintenance Plan & County Transit and Multi -Modal
Transportation Plan)
18.5 Adopt hub and spoke system including alternative first
and last mile or door-to-door services. (Puna CDP Objective
4.2.2.a; County Transit and Multi -Modal Transportation Plan)
18.6 Transit infrastructure (e.g., bus stops, bus pullouts,
waiting benches and shelters, and signs) shall he adequate and
upgraded along existing and future transit routes. (Hamakua
Policies 75, 76)
18.7 Data shall be collected and analyzed to optimize mass
transit planning, operation, and overall performance. (NEW
based on County Transit and Multi -Modal Transportation Plan))
18.8 Improve and expand public transportation in communities
with the highest socioeconomic needs. (NEW based on Federal
Transit Authority)
116
1971 GP
29
30
34
36
1989 GP
MASS TRANSIT
TRANSPORTATION POLICIES
2005 GP
2045 GP
TRANS POLICY
13.3.3 d) Encourage the development, maintenance, and 18.9 The County's public transit system assets shall be
enhancement of Hilo and Kawaihae Harbors as detailed within available to assist in transportation in emergency situations.
the State's Hawaii Commercial Harbors 2020 Master Plan. (NEW Multi -Hazard Mitigation Plan; 2019 Policy 218)
13.3.3 e) Support the State's objectives to acquire rights within Roadways
the runway clear -zones, limit heights within approach zones,
and restrict noise -sensitive uses within designated noise
contours determined by the State.
13.4.3 a) Improve the integration of transportation and land
use planning in order to optimize the use, efficiency, and
accessibility of existing and proposed mass transportation
systems.
13.4.3 b) Support and encourage the development of
alternative modes of transportation, such as enhanced bus
services and bicycle paths.
19.1 Encourage collaboration between the Planning
Department, the Department of Public Works, the Department
of Parks and Recreation, and the Mass Transit Agency to define
the scope and priority of capital investment projects that
achieve active transportation objectives and goals. (NEW based
on implementation gaps; County Design Manual; Kaua'i Kakou
Sector III Land Transportation)
19.2 Increase arterial capacity through prioritization of
alternative means of transportation, such as mass transit,
bicycle, and pedestrian systems. (13.?.3 Policyf; County Design
Manual)
19.3Incorporate bicycle routes, lanes, and paths within road
rights -of -way. (13.4.3 Policy c; Hamakua Policy 66; Kona CDP
TRAN-1.1)
13.4.3 c) Incorporate, where appropriate, bicycle routes, lanes, 19.4 Increase mobility for minors, non -licensed adults,
and paths within road rights -of -way in conformance with The low-income, elderly, and people with mobility limitations
Bikeway Plan for the County of Hawaii. through prioritization of alternative means of transportation.
13.4.3 d) Provisions to enhance the mobility of minors,
non -licensed adults, low-income, elderly, and people with
disabilities shall be made.
(13.4.3 Policy d)
19.5 Roadway designs and improvements made by the
Department of Public Works shall accommodate
pedestrian -friendly, multimodal design, and on -street parking
evaluations, to the fullest extent possible. (13.2.3 Policy I; Kona
CDP Action TRAN-3.31b; Hamakua CDP Policies 70, 73)
19.6 Use traffic demand management to aid in reducing traffic
congestion by targeting an increase of active transportation
mode share to 10 percent (bicycling, walking, micro -mobility).
(NEW Kaua'i Kakou LT 1.C.5)
19.7 Concurrency reviews should incorporate reduction in
vehicle miles traveled to mitigate traffic impacts (e.g. the level
of service) and achieve sustainability and demand management
goals. (Draft 1: Apply zoning reviews for concurrencythat
achieve sustainahility and demand management goals and that
prioritize reduction in vehicle miles traveled over impacts to the
level of service.) (NEW based on shifting from level of service to
vehicle miles traveled; CA SB 743 passed in 2013)
All Modes of Transportation
117
1971 GP
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
1989 GP
TRANSPORTATION POLICIES
TRANS POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
20.1 Encourage the application of the County of Hawaii Street
Design Manual when necessary to preserve the character of an
area while maintaining a pedestrian and bicycle friendly design
and desired landscaping solutions. (13.2.3 Policy I; I<a'u CDP
Policies 74, 75, 77; APA PAS Report No. 559; 2019 Policy 185)
20.2 In planning, designing, and constructing new roadways or
modernizing improvements, transportation agencies should
balance the conservation of the area's natural, historic, and
scenic qualities with transportation safety objectives for traffic
speed, safety, and traffic calming. (13.2.3 Policy I, m; Ka'u CDP
Policy 74, 75, 77; Hamalcua CDP Policy 72)
20.3 Support and provide technical assistance to assist in the
development of road improvement districts to finance road
improvements. (NEW based on need to provide infrastructure
financing.)
20.4 Preserve the unique character of an area by allowing
flexibility in existing roadway improvements and maintenance
while seeking a pedestrian -friendly design and desired
landscaping solutions. (13.2.3 Policy I; APA Report No. 559)
20.5 Incentivize subdivision roadway connectivity. (Kona CDP
Objective TRAN-2; Puna CDP 4.3.1 Goal a, 4.3.2 Objective c)
20.6 A corridor planning/management program shall he
maintained to help prioritize various active transportation
projects. (NEW Hele Mai Maui 2040; 2019 Policy 198)
Reduce Stormwater Runoff
21.1 Incorporate low -impact development (LID), green
infrastructure strategies, and pollution prevention procedures
to address drainage in roadway design and update operation
and maintenance methods to retain integrity of these
solutions. (5.2 Goals c, d, e, f; 5.3 Policies m, n; Low Impact
Developent, Office of Planning-CZM; APA GuickNotes 23; 2019
Policies 261, 262)
21.2 Prioritize roadway drainage improvements in flood -prone
areas. (13.2.5.9.2 Ka'u COA b; Ka'u CDP Policy 95)
21.3 Use native vegetation when viable and maintainable to
achieve the County Street Design Manual standards. (8.3 Policy
p; Kona CDP Action CR-2.2c; CoH Street Design Manual)
21.4 Maintain an Adopt -a -Street program to encourage civic
participation where moderate landscaping and roadside
cleaning can be done by community groups. (NEW: 2019 Policy
173; Adopt -A -Highway Program)
118
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50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
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TRANSPORTATION POLICIES
TRANS POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
21.5 At a minimum, the County shall plan, site, and develop
roads, bridges, and highways to:
a) Protect areas that provide important water quality benefits
or are particularly susceptible to erosion or sediment lass;
b) Limit land disturbance such as clearing, grading, and cut and
fill to reduce erosion and sediment lass; and
c) Limit disturbance of natural drainage features and
vegetation, including mitigating impacts of stream crossings.
(8.2 Goal f; HR5 226-11(2); 226-11(3); 226-11(4); 226-11(7);
226-11(8); 226- 13(2); 226-13(3); 226-14(2); 226-108(2);
226-17(10))
Transportation Safety
22.1 Human life and public health are prioritized within all
aspects of the transportation system. (NEW: CoH Vision Zero
Action Plan)
22.2 Safety solutions should be prioritized in areas with the
mostvulnerable populations. (NEW: CoH Vision Zero Action
Plan)
22.3 Engage communities in defining issues and developing
solutions for their community, with a particular focus on
prioritizing disadvantaged and vulnerable populations. (NEW:
CDH Vision Zero Action Plan)
22.4 Prioritize interdepartmental coordination and
accountability of traffic safetythrough education, enforcement,
engineering, encouragement, and evaluation. Focus on policies,
practices, staffing, and programs to improve road and
pedestrian safety. (NEW: CoH Vision Zero Action Plan)
22.5Incorporate traffic -calming features into arterial road and
street designs to include vertical deflections, horizontal shifts,
roadway narrowing, and closures to reduce speeding and
increase safety. These may include techniques such as
roundabouts, median barriers, speed humps, raised
intersections, and other transportation industry practices.
(NEW: CoH Vision Zero Action Plan)
22.6 Commit to an equitable approach and outcomes, including
prioritizing engagement and investments in traditionally
under -served communities and adopting equitable traffic
enforcement practices. (NEW: CoH Vision Zero Action Plan)
22.7 Develop roadway standards to accommodate emerging
technologyfor connected and automated vehicles. (NEW: FHA,
Automated Vehicle Activities and Resources; 2019 Policy 195)
22.8 Maintain dedicated roadway standards that are
appropriate to roadway type and achieve active transportation
and safety goals. (NEW: CoH Street Design Manual; 2019 Policy
195)
119
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60
64
66
68
69
70
1989 GP
TRANSPORTATION POLICIES
TRANS POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
22.9 Engage and collaborate with the owners of private roads
and local community groups to help identify and develop road
management agreements that mitigate road closures to
provide emergency evacuation routes. (Kona COP Objective
TRAN-2; Puna CDP 4.3.1 Goals a, 4.3.2 Objectives c; CoH
Haz-Mit Plan; 2019 Policy 204)
Public Transportation Systems
23.1 Maintain an Asset Management Program aimed at
utilizing maintenance plans for pavement, bridges, and other
road infrastructure to prolong the life of our transportation
system as well as reduce its whole -life cast. (10.1.3 Policies a, c;
2019 Policy 171, 610)
23.2 Maintain the unique features of historic bridges, while
balancing safety needs and preserving historic and scenic
character. (Hamakua CDP Policy 67; Kaua'i Kalmu)
23.3 Prioritize the replacement of deficient and inadequate
bridges and maintain pedestrian/bicycle access across bridges.
(Hamakua CDP Policy 67)
23.4 Design new bridges and bridge improvements to
accommodate and not negatively impede identified scenic
resources. (7.2 Goal c; 7.3 Policy h; Hamakua CDP Policy 67; Ka'u
CDP Policy 12)
23.5 Evaluate freight routes identified in the State Freight
Master Plan for required improvements to meet roadway
standards. (NEW: Hawai'i State -Wide Freight Plan Section 85)
23.6 Encourage the adoption of innovative materials and
methods that improve roadway sustainability and resilience.
(NEW: DOT REPORT NO. FHWA-HIF-10-002; FHA Precast
Concrete Pavement System; 2019 Policy 298)
Transportation Terminals: Airports and Harbors
24.1 Encourage the programmed improvement of existing
terminals, including adequate provisions for control of pollution
and appropriate and adequate covered storage facilities for
agricultural products. (13.3.3 Policy a)
24.2 The State Department of Transportation should continue
to implement its plans for transportation terminals and related
facilities to promote and follow desired land use policies.
(13.3.3 Policy b)
24.3 Transportation terminals should he developed in
conjunction with the different elements of the overall
transportation system. (13.3.3 Policy c)
24.4 Encourage maximum use of the island's airport and harbor
facilities. 03.3.3 Policy d)
120
1971 GP
74
76
1989 GP
TRANSPORTATION POLICIES
TRANS POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
24.5 Encourage the development, maintenance, and
enhancement of Hilo and Kawaihae Harbors as detailed within
the State's Hawai'i Commercial Harbors 2035 Master Plan.
(13.3.3 Policy e)
24.6 Support the States objectives to acquire rights within the
runway clear -zones, limit heights within approach zones, and
restrict noise -sensitive uses within designated noise contours
determined bythe State. (13.3.3 Policyf)
24.7 Future land uses in the vicinity of airports and harbors
should have an adequate open space buffer and/or he
compatible with the anticipated noise exposure and industrial
nature in the vicinity. (13.3.5.2.2 5. Hilo COA c)
24.8 Encourage pedestrian -oriented connectivity around
harbors and small boat harbors. (NEW: 2019 Policy 223; Hawai'
Island Commercial Harbor 2035 Master Plan 2.2.5)
24.9 Encourage master planning of small boat harbors to
accommodate commercial and recreational fishing, tour boats,
as well as business and recreational ocean activities, that
balance economic vitality and environmental sensitivity. (NEW:
2019 Policy 225; DOBOR Modernizing Ocean Recreation
Management in Hawai'i Strategic Action Plan)
121
1971
1989
TRANSPORTATION STANDARDS
2005
1 Transportation systems shall meet the requirements of the Transportation systems shall meet the requirements of 13.1.4 a) Transportation systems shall meet the requirements
State Department of Transportation and the County of the State Department of Transportation and the County of the U.S. Department of Transportation, State Department
Hawaii. of Hawaii. of Transportation and the County of Hawaii.
2 13.1.4 b) Transportation facilities and systems shall conform
to the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA).
3 13.1.4 c) Transportation systems shall conform with design
guidelines established bythe American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
4 13.1.4 d) The following sections on Roadways and
Transportation Terminals are sub -elements of the overall
transportation element.
5 Primary Route: Includes major highwasy and primary arterials
which move vehicles in large volumes and at higher speeds
from one geographic area to another, highest traffic volume
corridor.
Major highways: Minimum right-of-way: 300 feet Primary
arterial: Minimum right -of-way: 120 feet.
6 Minor Arterial: A street of considerable continuity which is
primarily a traffic artery for intercommunication between or
through large areas; interconnect with and augment primary
system.
Minimum right-of-way: 80 feet.
7 Collector Street: Any street supplementary to the arterial
street system which is a means of intercommunication
between this system and smaller areas; used to some extent
for through traffic and to some extent for access to abutting
properties; collect and distribute traffic between
neighborhood and arterial system.
Minimum right-of-way: 60 feet.
8 Local minor streets: The principal purpose of a local street is
to provide access to property abutting the public right-of-way;
lowest level of mobility.
Minimum right-of-way: 50 feet.
9
10
ROADWAYS
Primary Route: Includes major highways, parkways
and primary arterials which move vehicles in
large volumes and at higher speeds from one
geographic area to another; highest traffic
volume corridor.
Secondary Arterial: A street of
considerable continuity which is primarily a
traffic artery for intercommunication between or
through large areas; interconnect with and
augment primary system.
Collector Street: Any street supplementary to
the arterial street system which is a means of transit
between this system and smaller areas; used to some extent
for through traffic and to some extent for access to abutting
properties; collect and distribute traffic between
neighborhood and arterial system.
Local Minor Streets: The principal purpose of a
local street is to provide access to property
abutting the public right-of-way; lowest level of
mobility.
TERMINALS: AIRPORTS & HARBORS
13.2.4 a) Primary Arterial: Includes major highways, parkways,
and primary arterials that move vehicles in large volumes and
at higher speeds from one geographic area to another; highest
traffic volume corridor. Designed as a limited access roadway.
Primary arterials shall have a minimum right-of-way of 12n
feet.
13.2.4 b) Secondary Arterial: A street of considerable
continuitythat is primarily a traffic artery between orthrough
large areas; interconnect with and augment primary system.
Designed as a limited access roadway. Secondary arterials
shall have a minimum right-of-way of 80 feet.
13.2.4 c) Major Collector: Any street supplementaryto the
arterial street system that is a means of transit between this
system and smaller areas; used to some extent for through
traffic and to access abutting properties; collect and distribute
traffic between neighborhood and arterial system. Major
collectors shall have a minimum right-of-way of 60 feet.
13.2.4 d) Local Streets-commercial/industrial: Local streets
within commercial and industrial areas shall have a minimum
right-of-way of 50 feet.
13.2.4 e) Minor Collector and Local Streets: Minor collectors
are used at times as throughstreets and for access to abutting
properties. The principal purpose of a local street is to provide
access to property abutting the public right-of-way.
13.2.4 f) These standards shall applyto new construction. The
County shall determine standards forthe dedication and
upgrade of existing roads.
11 Requirements of the State Department of Transportation. Requirements of the State Department of Transportation. 13.3.4 a) Requirements of the State Department of
Transportation.
TRANS STAND
2045
Public Access Spacing Standards (Table 30)
Mass Transit Level of Service Standards (Table 31)
Roadway Standards
Street Standards
122
1971
1989
TRANSPORTATION STANDARDS
2005
12 13.3.4 b) Federal Aviation Administration standards for airport
design, runway clear zones, and noise compatibility.
13 13.3.4 c) State Department of Land and Natural Resources
Standards for small boat harbors and boat launches.
MASS TRANSIT
14 13.4.4 a) American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials (AA5HTO), Guide for the Development
of Bicycle Facilities.
15 13.4.4 b) U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway
Administration, Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
(MUTCD).
2045
TRANS STAND
123
1971 GP
1989 GP
PUNA
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1 Primary arterial rights -of -way providing access to the district Primary arterial rights -of way providing access to the district
should be should be increased as necessarvwhere they pass through
increased to 120 feet where they pass through relatively
undeveloped
lands.
2 The present Puna Coast Road, eventually to connect with the
Chain of Craters Road, should he developed as a scenic parkway
alony the coast. Alignment should basically follow the existing
road from the Kalapana end of the Chain of Craters Road tot eh
proposed extension of the Saddle Road in the vicinity of the Hilo
Airport.
3 A new 120 -foot road alignment to connect the junction of the
Kapoho-
Pohoiki Roads with the Pohoiki area should be constructed. This
align-
ment will eliminate a series of bad curves in the present road.
4 Major collector roads with SO -foot rights -of -way should run
from:
Opihikao to the Puna Road.
Volcano Road to the coast parkway along the Puna -South Hilo
boundary.
Volcano Road to the Saddle Road above Hilo along the existing
Kulani Road.
Upper portion of the National Park to a point approximately 2
miles
west of Kalapana.
5 Provide for general aviation and small boat harbor facilities as
the need
arises.
relatively undeveloped lands.
The present Puna Coast Road, eventually to connect with the
Chain of Craters Road, should be developed as a scenic parkway
along the coast. Aliynment should basicallyfollow the existing
road from the Kalapana end of the Chain of Craters Road tot eh
proposed extension of the Saddle Road in the vicinity of the Hilo
Airport.
2005 GP
13.2.5.1.2 a) Explore the possibility of developing a mid -level
roadway to be located makai of Highway 130, beginning at
Hawaiian Beaches Subdivision and extending through Hawaiian
Paradise Park Subdivision with its eventual connection to
Railroad Avenue in South Hilo. Consider the establishment of a
bikeway along the same alignment.
13.2.5.1.2 b) Consider, in conjunction with community
associations and the property owners, the use of a variety of
mechanisms to provide infrastructure in non-conforminy
subdivisions, beginning with the major roads providing access
into the more densely populated subdivisions.
TRANS COA
2045 GP
Transportation
16.a Develop a comprehensive, island -wide multimodal
transportation plan that identifies the location and operation of
automobile, mass transit, bicycle, and pedestrian systems, in
coordination with appropriate federal and state agencies.
16.b Develop a planning and financing strategy to fund timely
and routine maintenance of County transportation assets that
secures availability and reliability, independent of CIP activities.
A new road alignment to connect the junction of the 13.2.5.1.2 c) Encourage the State to widen Highway 130 to four 16.c Amend the County Code, Chapters 22, 23, and 24, to
Kapoho-Pohoiki Roads with the Pohoiki area should be lanes with a median and channelized intersections or modern increase active transportation and accommodate emerging
constructed. This alignment will eliminate a series of curves in roundabouts. micro -mobility solutions.
the present road.
Consider, in conjunction with community associations and the
property owners, the use of a variety of mechanisms to provide
infrastructure in the non -conforming subdivisions
Major collector roads should run from:
Opihikao to the Puna Road.
Volcano Road to the coast parkway along the Puna -South Hilo
boundary.
Volcano Road to the Saddle Road above Hilo along the existing
Kulani Road.
Upper portion of the National Park to a point approximately 2
miles west of Kalapana.
6 Provide for general aviation and small boat harbor facilities as
the need arises.
7 Portions of the old Mamalahoa Highway, especially those serving
Pepeekeo and Honomu, should be increased to 60 -foot
rights -of -way to facilitate widening and to provide a secondary
north -south route along
the Hamakua coast.
S. HILO
Portions of the old Mamalahoa Highway, especially those serving
Pepeekeo and Honomu, should be increased to 60-foot
rights-of-wayto facilitate
widening and] widened to provide a secondary north -south
route along the Hamakua coast
13.2.5.2.2 a) Portions of the old Mamalahoa Highway, especially
those serving Pepeekeo and Honomu, should be improved to
provide a secondary north -south route along the Hamakua
coast.
16.d Establish interdepartmental teams to review significant
development projects to evaluate integrated infrastructure
requirements, multimodal options, and private -public
collaboration to ensure implementation.
Active Living Corridors & Public Access
17.a Develop and adopt a program to establish public access to
historic and modern active living corridors and facilities that
provide an island -wide route and connect to major destinations.
17.b Explore the potential of multimodal trails to serve as
evacuation routes during emergencies.
17.c Develop standards for active living corridors to assist when
reviewing discretionary permits.
124
1971 GP
8 Major east -west collector roads between the old Mamalahoa
Highway
and the Belt Highway and those serving upper homestead areas
should
be increased to 60 -foot rights -of -way and improved to
all-weather standards.
9 The section of Kanoelehua Avenue from the intersection of
Kawili Street to the intersection of the Bayfront Highway
extension should have limited access control with major
intersections at Kawili Street, Kekuanaoa Avenue, Piilani Street,
and Kuawa Street.
10 A marginal street should be developed on the west side of
Kanoelehua
Avenue between Lanikaula and Piilani Streets to provide access
to abut-
ting properties.
11 A 120 -foot realignment of the Saddle Road from the Forest
Reserve
boundary on the south side of Kaumana Drive and along the
north side
of Puainako Street, intersecting the present Puainako
alignment at Ki-
noole Street and continuing to the intersection of Kanoelehua
Avenue
should be constructed. Limited access control is recommended
with
intersections at the major cross arterials serving the various
areas of
the city. Approximately 3 112 miles east of the Kanoelehua
intersection
on the Saddle Road, a major arterial with an 80 -foot
right-of-way acts
as a continuation of Ponahawai Street.
12 Widen Kilauea Avenue to an 80 -foot right-of-way from
Waianuenue
Avenue to Haihai Street.
TRANS COA
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP
Major east -west collector roads between the old Mamalahoa 13.2.5.2.2 b) Major east -west collector roads between the old 17.d Establish a public -private partnership, including financing
Highway and the Belt Highway and those serving upper Mamalahoa Highway and the Belt Highway and those serving strategies, for maintaining public access trails.
homestead areas should be [ increased to upper homestead areas should be widened and improved.
60-foot rights -of way] widened and improved to all-weather
standards.
A marginal street or other means of handling ingress and egress, 13.2.5.2.2 c) Improve Puainako Street from Kanoelehua Avenue Mass Transit
should he developed on the west side of to Komohana Street.
Kanoelehua Avenue between Lanikaula and Piilani Streets to
provide access to abutting properties.
A [ 120-foot] realignment of the Saddle Road from the Forest
Reserve boundary on the south side of Kaumana Drive and along
the north side of Puainako Street, intersecting the present
Puainako alignment at Kinoole Street and continuing to the
intersection of Kanoelehua Avenue should be constructed.
Limited access control is recommended with intersections at the
major cross arterials serving the various areas of the city.
Approximately 3-1/2miles [ east] west of the Kanoelehua
intersection on the Saddle Road, a major] secondary arterial [
with an 80-foot way] acts as a continuation of Ponahawai
Street.
Widen Kilauea Avenue [ to an 80-foot right -of way] from
Waianuenue Avenue to] Haihai Street[.] to Ponahawai
Street.
13.2.5.2.2 d) Construct the proposed improvements and 1 B.a Develop marketing and public awareness campaign of
extension of Highway 200 (Saddle Road) from Kaumana Drive to various services in collaboration with the airports, cruise ship
the Queen Kaahumanu Highway in South Kohala. terminals, and educational facilities.
13.2.5.2.2 e) Widen and provide rurb, gutter and sidewalk
improvements along Kilauea Avenue from Haihai Street to
Ponahawai Street.
1 B.b Identify, preserve, and/or acquire corridors forfuture transit
use, for high traffic areas such as the Pahoa-Kea`au-Hilo route,
including but not limited to multimodal corridors and require
new development to provide riyhts-of-way (ROWS) to
accommodate transit services.
A circumferential route should be 13.2.5.2.2 f) Widen and provide curb, gutter and sidewalk Roadways
constructed from the intersection of Stainhack Highway improvements along Kinoole Street from Haihai Street to Olona
and Volcano Road, through the Panaewa agricultural Street.
area, [into] toward the airport industrial area, turning into the
Kawili Street extension of the Kanuelehua Industrial Park,
aligning with Iwalani Street and terminating at the Stainback
Highway above the Volcano Road.
125
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP
1989 GP
13 An 80 -foot circumferential route should be constructed from
A Saddle Road extension east of Kanoelehua should be the main
the inter-
route from the airport terminal for direct access to the business
section of 5tainback Highway and Volcano Road, through the
district.
Panaewa
agricultural area, into the airport industrial area, turning into the
Ka-
wili Street extension of the Kanoelehua Industrial Park, aligning
with
Iwalani Street and terminating at the Stainback Highway above
the
Volcano Road.
14 A Saddle Road extension east of Kanoelehua should be the main
Ainal<o[, a 60-foot alignment,] should extend across Kaumana
route
Drive to meet the Mohouli extension to provide one of the major
from the new proposed airport terminal for direct access to the
mauka cross -city connections
business
district. An 80' arterial loop connecting from Kel<uanaoa should
furnish
an alternate airport route with direct access to the new airport
terminal.
2005 GP
13.2.5.2.2 g) An extension of Puainako Street east of
Kanoelehua should be the main route from the airport terminal
for direct access to the business district.
13.2.5.2.2 h) Widen and improve Kel<uanaoa Street from
Kanoelehua Avenue to Kilauea Avenue.
TRANS COA
2045 GP
19.a Continue to adopt the County Street design manual as the
County's complete street design program/policy.
19.b Amend the County Code to incorporate complete street
design.
15 Ainako, a 60 -foot alignment, should extend across Ka.umana Widen Akolea Road [ to an 80-foot alignment] to provide the 13.2.5.2.2 i) Plan for the eventual closure of the Bayfront 19.c Develop an active transportation plan to guide where
Drive to uppermost cross -City connection from Piihonua to Kaumana and Highway and the relocation of the existing Highway 19-Pauahi complete street improvements should be focused and replace
meet the Mohouli extension to provide one of the major mauka the upper reaches of Ainaola Drive. Street intersection to an area in the vicinity of Puna hawai previous pedestrian and bikeway plans.
cross - Street, in coordination with the State.
city connections.
16 Widen Akolea Road to an 80 -foot alignment to provide the
Kawailani Street should he extended from its upper terminal
uppermost
point across the realigned Saddle Road to Kaumana, thus
cross -city connection from Piihonua to Kaumana and the upper
providing an additional cross-town route.
reaches
of Ainaola Drive.
17 Kawailani, a 60 -foot alignment, should be extended from its
Under the guidance of the Federal government, the State
upper termi-
Department of Health should enforce and strengthen present
nal point across the realigned Saddle Road to Kaumana, thus
pollution regulations.
providing
an additional cross-town route.
18 Encourage development of a small boat harbor for the area.
The State Department of Transportation should continue to
19 Future land uses immediately adjoining the General Lyman Field
Air-
port should have an adequate open space buffer.
20 The State Department of Transportation should improve
facilities at
Kuhio Wharf to meet increased shipping activities.
improve facilities at [Kuhio Wharf] Hilo Harborto meet increased
shipping activities.
Future land uses [ immediately adjoining] in -the vicinity of the
General Lyman Field Airport should have an adequate open
space buffer[.] and/or he compatible with the anticipated
aircraft exposure eve s or t atvicinity.
The County shall pursue the implementation of an Air Cargo
Distribution Center at the old Hilo Airport, the planning of which
shall be coordinated with future development plans for Hilo
Harbor.
13.2.5.2.2j) Improve Akolea Road between Piihonua and 1 CIA Identify all roles for interdepartmental collaboration in
Kaumana Drive and construct its extension to the upper reaches delivering a truly multimodal transportation system.
of Ainaola Drive to provide a cross -city connection between
Upper Wailuku and Waiakea-Uka.
13.2.5.2.2 k) Improve Waianuenue Avenue and Kaumana Drive 19.e Update traffic impact analysis requirements to include
along their entire alignments, including the acquisition of alternative evaluations to the level of service outcomes, such as
additional rights -of -way as needed. vehicle miles traveled and alternative transportation metrics.
19.1 Increase community engagement and education around
active transportation and alternative transportation options.
All Modes of Transportation
20.a Create and adopt a performance measure program/policy.
126
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP
1989 GP
21 The County shall encourage the implementation of airterminal
Encourage development of a small boat harbor far the area.
and run-
way plans.
22 Under the guidance of the Federal government, the State
Department of
Health should enforce and strengthen present pollution
regulations.
N. HILO
23 Improve mauka-makai homestead roads.
Improve mauka-makai county maintained homestead roads[.]
and encourage improvement of the non -county owned roads by
the State of Hawaii or private subdivision.
24 Improve certain portions, specificallythe 3 gulches, ofthe
Improve certain portions, specificallythe 3 gulches,
Hawaii Belt
of the Hawaii Belt Highway.
Highway.
25 Realignment of Hawaii Belt Highway at Kapehu Camp.
Realignment of Hawaii Belt Highway at Kapehu Camp.
26 Create a new access to Laupahoehoe School south of the
existing road
which is presently inadequate.
27 Consider improving the Belt Highway at the three major gulches.
HAMAKUA
2005 GP
13.2.5.3.2 a) Restore and maintain existing homestead roads.
TRANS COA
2045 GP
20.b Amend the County Code to promote connectivity and
discourage neighborhoods with only one inlet or outlet.
2D.c Establish a corridor planning/management program that is
data -driven and uses performance -based targets and
outcomes.
20.d Designate new connectivity points for local traffic roads
20.e Adopt a Complete Streets ordinance.
13.2.5.3.2 b) Encourage the State Department of Transportation 20.f Explore options to incentivize roadway connectivity.
to improve those portions of the Hawaii Belt Highway at Maulua,
Laupahoehoe and Kaawalii Gulches.
13.2.5.3.2 c) Encourage the State Department of Transportation Reduce Stormwater Runoff
to realign that portion of the Hawaii Belt Highway at Kapehu
Camp.
13.2.5.3.2 d) Encourage the State to install additional passing 21.a Develop green infrastructure standards including
lanes atvarious sections along Highway 19. right-of-way (ROW) landscaping, low -impact development (LID),
28 Provide for an industrial traffic connection leading from the Provide for an industrial traffic connection leading from the 13.2.5.4.2 a) Encourage the State to install additional passing
sugar mill sugar mill to the new highway alignment, separating this traffic lanes along Highway 19 at appropriate locations.
to the new highway alignment, separating this traffic from local from local traffic movement on Mamane Street.
traffic
movement on Mamane Street.
29 Construct a scenic highway from the Waipia Valley lookout
extending
mauka to connect to Mudlane Highway at the entrance of
Waimea.
30 Improve substandard roads.
31 Close off Pakalana Street through Honokaa School.
32 Provide a cross-town connection to Plumeria Street by extending
Kamani
Street.
33 Provide a mauka-makai connection from the Kamani Street
extension
to Mamane Street on the Hilo side of the elderly housing.
and drainage.
21.b Develop an Adopt -a -Street program.
21.E Pursue funding, County capacity, and responsibilityto
maintain green infrastructure and native landscaping in the
County Rights -of -Ways.
Transportation Safety
Construct a scenic highwayfrom the Waipio Valley lookout 13.2.5.4.2 b) Provide for an industrial traffic connection leading 22.a Amend the County Code to incorporate Vision Zero safety
extending mauka to connect to Mudlane Highway at the from the former sugar mill to Highway 19, separating this traffic principles and Complete Street design principles.
entrance of Waimea. from local traffic movement on Mamane Street.
Improve County maintained roads and encourage the 13.2.5.4.2 c) Encourage the State to construct a scenic highway
improvement of non -county owned roads by the State of Hawaii from the Waipio Valley look out extending mauka to connect to
or private subdivider
Mud Lane at the entrance of Waimea.
Close off Pakalana Street through Honokaa School.
13.2.5.4.2 d) Improve County maintained roads and encourage
the improvement of non -county owned roads hythe State of
Hawaii or private landowner.
Provide a cross-town connection to Plumeria Street by
13.2.5.4.2 e) Consider alternatives in the management of
extending Karnani Street.
Pakalana Street, such as its conveyance to the State
Department of Education or its conversion to a one-way traffic
pattern.
Provide a mauka-makai connection from the Kamani Street
13.2.5.4.2 f) Provide a cross-town connection to Plumeria Street
extension to Mamane Street on the Hilo side of the elderly
by extending Kamani Street.
housing.
22.b Develop educational programs promoting traffic safety.
Public Transportation Systems
23.a Create an asset management program.
23.b Continue the bridge inspection program and expand rehab
or replacement to include active transportation
accommodations.
127
1971 GP
34 Eliminate the Milo Street extension on the Waipio side of
Pakalana.
35 Construct small boat ramp.
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP
Eliminate the Milo Street extension on the Waipio side of
Pakalana.
2005 GP
13.2.5.4.2 g) Provide a mauka-makai connection from the
Kamani Street extension to Mamane Street an the Hilo side of
the elderly housing.
13.2.5.4.2 h) Eliminate the Milo Street extension on the Waipio
side of Pakalana Street.
N.KOHALA
36 Improve mountain route to Kohala. Improve mountain route to Kohala. 13.2.5.5.2 a) Encourage the improvement of the Kohala
Mountain Road.
37 Improve road from Hawi to Niulii. Improve road from Hawi to Niulii. 13.2.5.5.2 b) Encourage the improvement of that portion of the
Akoni Pule Highway between the towns of Hawi to Niulii.
38 Improve other substandard roads. Improve mauka-makai county maintained homestead roads and 13.2.5.5.2 c) Improve mauka-makai county maintained
encourage improvement of the non -county owned homestead roads and encourage improvement of the
roads bythe State of Hawaii or private subdivision. non -county owned roads bythe State of Hawaii or private
subdivisions.
39
40 Improve other substandard roads.
41 Complete development of the highway from Kawaihae to Kailua.
42 Construct a Waimea by-pass road from Mudlane Highway to
Mamalahoa
Highway on the Kona side of the village.
43 Construct anew Waimea to Kawaihae road from Mamalahoa
Highway
to the Kawaihae-Kona highway.
44
45
46
Retain Upolu airfield for general aviation use.
S. KOHALA
Improve mauka-makai county maintained homestead roads
and encourage improvement of the non -county owned roads by
the State of Hawaii or private subdivision.
Implement construction of a Waimea by-pass road from
Mudlane Highway to Mamalahoa Highway an the Kona side of
Waimea
Implement construction of a new Waimea to Kawaihae road
from Mamalahoa Highway to the Queen Ka'ahumanu highway.
Encourage the expansion of Oueen Ka'ahumanu Highwav as
the need arises
Support the installation of suitable bikeways and/orjogging
paths.
The State Department of Transportation should continue
the use of the Waimea-Kohala airport as an inter -island facility
serving North and South Kohala and Hamakua and should
improve existing facilities to handle inter -island aircraft at
maximum load capacity.
The State Department of Transportation should continue to
improve facilities at Kawaihae to meet increased shipping
activities.
Support the State Department of Transportation's plans to
develop a small boat harbor at Kawaihae.
13.2.5.6.2 a) Improve existing homestead roads.
13.2.5.6.2 h) Encourage the construction of a Waimea by-pass
road from Mud Lane to Mamalahoa Highway on the Kona side of
Waimea.
13.2.5.6.2 c) Encourage the construction of connector roads
from the Waimea Bypass Road to the Mamalahoa Highway.
13.2.5.6.2 d) Encourage the construction of a new Waimea to
Kawaihae road from Mamalahoa Highway to the Queen
Ka'ahumanu Highway.
13.2.5.6.2 e) Encourage the widening of Queen Ka'ahumanu
Highway as the need arises.
13.2.5.6.2 f) Support the installation of suitable bikeways and/or
jogging paths.
13.2.5.6.2 g) To relieve traffic congestion through Waimea town,
implement construction of a) Parker Ranch's connector road
from Kamamalu Street to Mamalahoa Highway; and b) the
County's extension of this road, between Mamalahoa Highway
and Kawaihae Road in the vicinity of the Waimea solid waste
transfer station.
TRANS COA
2045 GP
Transportation Terminals: Airports and Harbors
24.a Create a strategic improvement plan, including mapping,
for County owned and/or managed boat harbors and develop an
island -wide needs assessment to better serve regional gaps in
ocean accesses.
24.b Ensure collaboration with State agencies to offer a variety
of transportation options at airports and harbors.
128
1971 GP
47
48
49
50 Realign portion of Kuakini Highwayfrom intersection of Palani
Road
and Kailua-Kawaihae Road to approximately % mile on the
Palani side of
Kona Sea View Lots.
51 Convert Kuakini Highway to limited access status.
52 Realign Alii Drive from proposed Kuakini Highway to Keauhou
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP
13.2.5.6.2 h) Construct, at a minimum, one other paved two-lane
access road out of the Ke Kumu Housing area onto Paniolo Drive.
13.2.5.6.2 i) Extend Paniolo Drive in Waikoloa north to intersect
with the Kawaihae Road and the proposed Waimea-Kawaihae
Road, and build a road connecting the northern end of Paniolo
Drive to the Queen Kaahumanu Highwayto provide alternate
access to Waikoloa Village.
13.2.5.6.2j) Provide traffic signals at the Waikoloa Road-Paniolo
Drive intersection.
N. KONA
Convert Kuakini Highway to limited access status.
Construct Alin [Drive] Highway from
proposed] Kuakini Highway to Keauhou.
Construct a new scenic road over the Hualalai Saddle.
53 Continue the coastal highway froin Ke-ahole Airport to South Koh Construct a scenic drive from Keauhou above the Kealakekua
cliffs to Napoopoo.
54 Construct a new scenic road over the Hualalai Saddle. Provide vertical connectors from Alii Drive to Kuakini Highway.
55 Construct a scenic drive from Keauhou above the Kealal<el<ua
cliffs to
Napoopoo.
56 Provide vertical connectors from Ain Drive to Kuakini Highway.
57 Improve present Kona-Ka'u road.
58 Incorporate the Kailua Mall circulation plan
Improve present Kona-Ka'u road.
Support the installation of suitable bikeways and/orjogging
paths.
Encourage the expansion of Oueen Ka'ahunanu Highway as
the need arises.
Construct additional east -west connectors between the Hawaii
Belt Highway and Queen Ka'ahumanu highway.
59 Land uses adjoining Ke-ahole Airport should be of a compatible n; Construct a mid -elevation lateral connection between Palani
Road and Ka'iminani Drive.
60 Industrial acreage should be provided at Ke-ahole for support use Forbore land uses intthe vicintiy of the Ke-ahole Airport should
be of a compatible nature and/or be compatible with the
antiicpated aircraft noise exposure levels for that vicinity.
13.2.5.7.2 a) Develop a roadway network circulation plan in
cooperation with the State Department of Transportation and
affected communities. Upon adoption of the plan, the plan
recommendations shall be incorporated on the zone district
maps.
13.2.5.7.2 b) Encourage the State to widen Queen Kaahumanu
Highway as necessary to accommodate increases in traffic
flows, in particular between Kona International Airport at
Keahole and Kailua-Kona.
13.2.5.7.2 c) Widen Palani Road between the proposed
Keanalehu Drive and the Queen Kaahumanu Highway or
construct the proposed Palani Bypass Highway.
13.2.5.7.2 d) Encourage the State to extend Kealakehe Parkway
mauka to connect with the Mamalahoa Highway.
13.2.5.7.2 e) Construct Keohokalole Highway (Mid -level Road)
from Palani Road to the proposed University Drive. Construct a
collector road from Keohokalole Highway extending north to
Mamalahoa Highway.
13.2.5.7.2 f) Extend Kealakaa Street to Holoholo Street.
13.2.5.7.2 g) Connect Keanalehu Drive to Manawalea Street to
create a connection between Kealakaa Street and Kealakehe
Parkway.
13.2.5.7.2 h) Connect Kamanu Street ("Main Street") between
Kealakehe Parkway and Costco, then extend north to proposed
University Drive.
13.2.5.7.2 i) Construct Village Bypass from Alii Drive to Kuakini
Highway, and from Kuakini Highway to Hualalai Road to meet
with Nani Kailua Drive.
13.2.5.7.2 j) Realign the intersection of Kealakaa Street and
Palani Road.
13.2.5.7.2 k) Connect Kanalani Street to Keanalehu Drive.
2045 GP
TRANS COA
129
1971 GP
61 The State Department of Transportation should continue the
use of the
Waimea-Kohala airport as an inter -island facility serving North
and
South Kohala and Hamakua and should improve existing
facilities to
handle inter -island aircraft at maximum load capacity.
62 The State Department of Transportation should improve
facilities at Ka-
waihae to meet increased shipping activities.
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
727
73
74
75
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1989 GP 2005 GP
Industrial acreage should be provided to Ke-ahole for support 13.2.5.7.21) Connect Hienaloli Road from Palani Road to Hualalai
use. Road.
The State Department of Transportation should continue to 13.2.5.7.2 m) Connect Puapuaanui Street from Queen
improve and expand Ke-ahole Airport and terminal facilities to Kaahumanu Highway to Hualalai Road.
meet anticipated increases in airtransport needs.
S. KONA
Construct a scenic drive from Keauhou above the Kealakekua
cliffs to Napoopoo.
Improve present Kona-Ka'u road.
13.2.5.7.2 n) Encourage the State to widen the Queen
Kaahumanu Highway from Henry Street to Kamehameha III
Road.
13.2.5.7.2 m Construct the proposed University Drive between
the Mamalahoa and Queen Kaahumanu Highways.
13.2.5.7.2 p) Construct the proposed Shore Drive from the old
Kona Airport Park to the Kealakehe Drive intersection.
13.2.5.7.2 q) Construct the Kahului-Keauhou Parkway (Alii
Highway) from Queen Kaahumanu Highway to Keauhou.
13.2.5.7.2 r) Construct the Mamalahoa Bypass Highway between
Keauhou and Captain Cook as a Scenic Corridor, with limited
access and without commercial development.
13.2.5.7.2 s) Provide vertical connectors from AM Drive to
Kuakini Highway.
13.2.5.7.2 t) Improve that portion of the Mamalahoa Highway
extending from the North Kona to the Ka'u Districts.
13.2.5.7.2 u) Support the installation of suitable bikeways
and/urjugging paths.
13.2.5.7.2 v) Develop a roadway circulation plan forthe area
between Palani Road and Kamehameha III Road, in cooperation
with the State Department of Transportation, Federal Highway
Administration, and the affected communities.
13.2.5.7.2 w) Extend Lako Street to connect to AM Drive.
13.2.5.7.2 x) Work with the State and the adjacent landowners
in establishing the old railroad right-of-way as a pedestrian and
bicycle right-of-way.
13.2.5.B.2 a) Extend Haleki'i Street to connect to the proposed
Mamalahoa Bypass Establish a Heritage Corridor on Old
Mamalahoa Highway between Hualalai and Honaunau.
13.2.5.B.2 h) Develop a roadway network circulation plan for
South Kona in cooperation with the State Department of
Transportation and affected communities. Upon adoption of the
plan by the County, the recommendations shall be incorporated
on the zone district maps.
2045 GP
TRANS COA
130
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP
76 13.2.5.B.2 c) Construct the Mamalahoa Bypass Highway
between Keauhou and Captain Cook as a Scenic Corridor, with
limited access and without commercial development.
77 13.2.5.B.2 d) Improve that portion of the Mamalahoa Highway
extending from the North Kona to the Ka'u Districts.
78 13.2.5.B.2 e) Support the installation of suitable bikeways
and/orjogging paths.
79 13.2.5.B.2 f) Improve substandard, rural roads.
I(A'U
80 Improve hazardous sections of the major highway, realigning
Improve hazardous sections of the major highway, realigning
where
where necessary
necessary.
81 Install culverts and construct drainage channels and other
Install culverts and construct drainage channels and other
related im-
related improvements
provements.
82 Improve substandard subdivision roads.
Improve substandard subdivision roads
83 Provide for general aviation and sinall boat harbor facilities and
Provide for general aviation and sinall boat harbor
launch-
facilities and launching activities as the need arises.
ing activities as the need arises.
84
85
86
B7
88
89
90
AIRPORTS & HARBORS - PUNA
AIRPORTS & HARBORS -S. HILO
13.2.5.9.2 a) Continue to improve Mamalahoa Highway,
realigning where necessary.
13.2.5.9.2 b) Install culverts and construct drainage channels
and other related improvement
13.2.5.9.2 c) Encourage the improvement of substandard
subdivision roads.
13.2.5.9.2 d) Explore alternatives and means to establish an
evacuation route through Hawaiian Ocean View Estates
Subdivision to Highway 11, in cooperation with the residents of
Ocean View.
13.3.5.1.2 a) Provide general aviation and small boat harbor
facilities as the need arises.
13.3.5.1.2 b) Provide another small boat launching facility at
Kapoho.
13.3.5.2.2 a) Under the guidance of the Federal government, the
State Department of Health should enforce and strengthen
present pollution regulations.
13.3.5.2.2 b) The State Department of Transportation should
continue to improve facilities at Hilo Harbor to meet increased
shipping activities and cruise ship passenger arriv-als.
13.3.5.2.2c) Future land uses in the vicinity of the Hilo
International Airport should have an adequate open space buffer
and/or be compatible with the anticipated aircraft noise
exposure levels far that vicinity.
13.3.5.2.2 d) Encourage the construction of an Agricultural
Processing and Packing Center atthe old Hilo Airport, the
planning of which shall be coordinated with future devel-
opment plans for Hilo Harbor.
13.3.5.2.2 e) Encourage the construction of a centralized air
cargo distribution complex at the Hilo International Airport.
2045 GP
TRANS COA
131
TRANSPORTATION COURSES OF ACTION
1971 GP
1989 GP
2005 GP 2045 GP
91
13.3.5.2.2 f) Encourage development of a small boat harbor for
the area.
AIRPORTS & HARBORS - N. HILO & HAMAKUA
92
13.3.5.3.2 a) Continue to improve the small boat ramp at
Laupahoehoe, extend the offshore protective structure, and
provide for adequate parking.
AIRPORTS & HARBORS - N. KOHALA
93
13.3.5.4.2 a) Retain Upolu airfield for general aviation use.
94
13.3.5.4.2 b) The State should continue to provide
improvements to runway and terminal facili-ties at Upolu
Airport, including the improvement of the airport's access road
from the Akoni Pule Highway.
AIRPORTS & HARBORS - S. KOHALA
95
13.3.5.5.2 a) The State Department of Transportation should
continue to provide improvements to terminal and runway
facilities at the Waimea-Kohala airport.
96
13.3.5.5.2 h) The State Department of Transportation should
continue to improve harbor facili- ties at Kawaihae to meet
increased shipping activities and cruise ship passenger arrivals.
97
13.3.5.5.2 c) Continue to support the Department of Land and
Natural Resources in its plans to develop a small boat harbor at
Kawaihae.
AIRPORTS & HARBORS - N. & S. KONA
98
13.3.5.6.2 a) Future land uses in the vicinity of the Kona
International Airport at Keahole should be compatible with the
anticipated aircraft noise exposure levels forthat vicinity.
99
13.3.5.6.2 b) The State Department of Transportation should
continue to improve and expand Kona International Airport at
Keahole in accordance with the recommendations of the
Keahole-Kona International Airport Master Plan Update Study
(1997).
100
13.3.5.6.2 c) Encourage the State to renovate the Kailua-Kona
Wharf orto seek alternative facilities to accommodate the
cruise ship industry.
AIRPORTS & HARBORS - KA'U
101
13.3.5.7.2 a) Provide for general aviation and small boat harbor
facilities and launching activi-ties as the need arises.
TRANS COA
132
1971 GP
1989 GP
1 Designate and allocate land uses in appropriate proportions and in Designate and allocate land uses in appropriate
keeping with the social, cultural, and physical environments of the proportions and mix and in keeping with the social,
County. Cultural, and physical environments of the County.
2 Protect and encourage the intensive utilization of the County's limited Protect and encourage the intensive utilization of the
prime agricultural lands. County's important agricultural lands.
3 Protect and preserve forest, water, natural and scientific reserves and Protect and preserve forest, water, natural and
open areas. scientific reserves and open areas.
4
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
LAND GOAL
LAND USE GOALS
2005 GP 2045 GP
14.1.2 a) Designate and allocate land uses in appropriate proportions Land Use Goal: We strategically apply progressive land use strategies
and mix and in keeping with the social, cultural, and physical incorporating indigenous and contemporary knowledge and
environments of the County. place -based practices to direct and manage growth for the health,
safety, and emergency response and preparedness services for our
Communities.
14.1.2 b) Protect and encourage the intensive and extensive Objective 9: Maintain community character and land use
utilization of the County's important agricultural lands. compatibility.
14.1.2 c) Protect and preserve forest, water, natural and scientific Objective 10: Increase the integration of natural systems planning
reserves and open areas. including the Native Hawaiian ahupua'a framework.
14.2.2 a) Identify, protect and maintain important agriculture lands on Objective 11: Increase equitable planning and decision -making
the island of Hawaii. processes.
14.2.2 b) Preserve the agricultural character of the island
14.2.2 c) Preserve and enhance opportunities for the expansion of
Hawaii's Agricultural Industry.
14.3.2 a) Provide for commercial developments that maximize
Convenience to users.
14.3.2 b) Provide commercial developments that complement the
overall pattern of trans- portation and land usage within the island's
regions, communities, and neighbor -hoods.
14.4.2 a) Designate and allocate industrial areas in appropriate
proportions and in keeping
with the social, cultural, and physical environments of the County.
14.4.2 b) Promote and encourage the rehabilitation of industrial areas
that are serviced by basic community facilities and utilities.
14.5.2 a) To provide for multiple residential developments that
maximize convenience for its occupants.
14.5.2 b) To provide for suitable living environments that
accommodate the physical, social and economic needs of the island
residents.
14.5.2 c) To enhance the overall quality of life in our residential
Communities.
14.6.2 a) To maximize choices of single-family residential lots and/or
housing for residents of the County.
14.6.2 b) To ensure compatible uses within and adjacent to
single-family residential zoned areas.
14.6.2 c) To rehabilitate and/or rebuild deteriorating single-family
residential areas.
14.6.2 d) To provide single-family residential areas conveniently
located to public and pri-vate services, shopping, other community
activities and convenient access to employment centers that takes
natural beauty into consideration.
14.6.2 e) To enhance the overall quality of life in our residential
communities.
14.7.2 a) Maintain an orderly development of the visitor industry.
14.7.2 b) Provide for resort development that maximizes
Conveniences to its users and opti-mizes the benefits derived by the
residents ofthe County.
Objective 12: Reduce the threatto life and propertyfrom natural
hazards and disasters.
Objective 13: Increase the use of Smart Growth principles to focus
development within designated urban centers.
Objective 14: Maximize the use of Rural designated lands to preserve
rural character and lifestyle.
Objective 15: Support the active use of Productive Agricultural lands.
133
1971 GP
LAND USE GOALS
1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP
14.7.2 c) Ensure that resort developments maintain the cultural and
historic, social, eco- nomic, and physical environments of Hawaii and
its people.
14.8.2 a) Provide and protect open space for the social,
environmental, and economic well-
being of the County of Hawaii and its residents.
14.8.2 b) Protect designated natural areas.
14.9.2 a) Utilize publicly owned lands in the best public interest and to
the maximum benefit for the greatest number of people.
14.9.2 b) Acquire lands for public use to implement policies and
programs contained in the General Plan.
LAND GOAL
134
1971 GP
1 Zone urban -type uses in areas with ease of access to
community services and employment centers and with
adequate public utilities and facilities.
LAND USE POLICIES
1989 GP
Zone urban- and rural -type of uses in areas
with ease of access to community services and
employment centers and with adequate public utilities
and facilities.
2005 GP
14.1.3 a) Zone urban -types of uses in areas with ease of access
to community services and employment centers and with
adequate public utilities and facilities.
2 Promote and encourage the rehabilitation and utilization of Promote and encourage the rehabilitation and use of urban and 14.1.3 b) Promote and encourage the rehabilitation and use of
urban areas which are serviced by basic community facilities rural areas which are serviced by basic community facilities and urban areas that are serviced by basic community facilities and
and utilities.
utilities.
3 Allocate appropriate requested zoning in accordance with the Allocate appropriate requested zoning in accordance
existing or projected needs of neighborhood, community, with the existing or projected needs of neighborhood,
region and County. community, region and County.
4 Establish a " land zoning bank" from which land use zoning may Maintain the "land zoning bank" from which land use zoning
be al- located to specified urban centers and districts. may be allocated to specified urban and rural centers and
districts
5 Conduct a review and re-evaluation of the tax structure to
assure compatibility with land use goals and policies.
6 Incorporate innovations such as the " zone of mix" into the
Zoning Ordinance in order to achieve a housing mix and to
pen nit the more efficient development of lands which have
topographic and/or drainage problems.
7 Incorporate the concept of a " floating zone" for future
industrial and retreat resort areas. This concept would allow
flexibility in locating future needed developments in districts
which cannot be pinpointed at this time,
especially in the more rural and/ or remote areas.
8
Conduct a review and re-evaluation of the real
property tax structure to assure compatibility with
land use goals and policies.
Incorporate innovations such as the " zone of mix" and
mixed use zones" into the Zoning Code.
Incorporate the concept of a " floating zone" for
future industrial and retreat resort areas, to allow flexibility in
locating future needed developments which cannot be
pinpointed at this time, especially in the more
rural and/or remote areas.
The county shall encourage the development and
maintenance of communities meeting the needs of its
residents in balance with the physical and social
environment.
9 Conduct a review and re-evaluation of the Zoning Code
in light of emerging new industries and technologies
and incorporate revisions to land use regulations as
necessary.
10 The County shall develop, in cooperation with
community residents, community development or regional
plans for all of the districts or combinations of
districts and shall periodically review and amend
these documents as necessary or as mandated
utilities.
14.1.3 c) Allocate appropriate requested zoning in accordance
with the existing or projected needs of neighborhood,
community, region and County.
14.1.3 d) Conduct a review and re-evaluation of the real
property tax structure to assure compatibility with land use
goals and policies.
14.1.3 e) Incorporate innovations such as the "zone of mix" and
"mixed use zones" into the Zoning Code.
14.1.3 f) Encourage the development and maintenance of
communities meeting the needs of its residents in balance with
the physical and social environment.
14.1.3 g) Establish a program of continuing review of the
Zoning Code in light of emerging new industries and
technologies and incorporate revisions to land use regulations
as necessary.
14.1.3 h) Develop community development or regional plans for
all of the districts or combinations of districts in cooperation
with community residents and periodically review and amend
these documents as necessary or as mandated.
14.1.3 i) Ensure that condominium property regimes (CPR)
comply with the requirements of the Zoning Code, Subdivision
Control Code and other applicable rules and regulations.
14.1.3 j) Encourage urban development within existing zoned
areas already served by basic infrastructure, or dose to such
areas, instead of scattered development.
LAND POLICY
2045 GP
Community Character & Land Use Compatibility
9.1 The development of commercial facilities should be
designed to reflect the character of the community while
providing desired services and mitigating impacts on the
surrounding environment. (14.3.3 Policy (f); Ka'u CDP Policy 73)
9.2 In those cases where provisions of the zoning and
subdivision code are inconsistent with the character of
surrounding neighborhoods, variances, or Planned Unit
Developments (PUD) that maintain consistent village/town
character should be encouraged. (Ka'u CDP Policy 72; Hamakua
CDP Policy 7; 2019 GP Policy 470)
9.3 Zoning, subdivision, and other applicable ordinances shall
provide for and protect open space areas. (14.8.3 Policies b, d)
9.4 Support mechanisms, such as PUD and Cluster Plan
Development (CPD), that group parcel densityto preserve open
spare, recreational areas, scenic viewsheds, or cultural or
historic sites. (Hamakua CDP Policy 14)
9.5 Discretionary permit applications for uses that may impact
view planes to and along the coastline, and areas of natural
beauty should take into consideration visual impact
assessments and propose conditions to mitigate scenic
impacts where appropriate. (5. Kohala CDP, Waimea Strategy
2.1; I<a'u CDP Policies 56, 57, 58; Hamakua CDP Policies 32, 33,
34; 2019 GP Policy 454)
9.6 In the review of discretionary permits, consider land use
compatibility to ensure proximate compatible and
complementary uses and appropriate mitigation measures.
(14.1.4 Standard b; Puna CDP 3.2.3 Action b; I<a'u CDP Policy 10;
Hamakua CDP Policies 9, 29)
9.7 Encourage developers of new urban areas to place utilities
underground. (11.3.2 Policy a; 11.3.3 Standard a; Hamakua CDP
Policy 109)
9.8 Route selection for high -voltage transmission lines should
include consideration for setbacks from major thoroughfares
and residential areas. Where feasible, delineate energy
corridors for such high -voltage transmission lines. (11.3.2 Policy
Integration of Natural Systems Planning
135
12
13
LAND USE POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP
AGRICULTURE
Zoning shall protect and maintain important agricultural lands
from urban encroachment. New approaches to preserve
important agricultural land shall be implemented by the County.
The County shall assist in the development of basic resources
such as water, roads, transportation and distribution facilities
for the agricultural industry.
The County shall assist other State agencies, such as the
University of Hawaii, College of Tropical Agriculture (Hilo),
Department of Planning and Economic Development,
Deparmtent of Land and Natural Resources and Department of
Agriculuture, on programs which aid agriculture.
2005 GP
14.2.3 a) Implement new approaches to preserve important
agricultural land.
14.2.3 h) Assist in the development of basic resources such as
water, roads, transportation
and distribution facilities for the agricultural industry.
14.2.3 c) Assist other State agencies, such as the University of
Hawaii, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources,
University of Hawaii at Hilo, College of Agriculture,
Forestry and Natural Resources Management, Department of
Business, Economic Development and Tourism, Office of
Planning, Department of Land and Natural Resources and
Department of Agriculture, on programs that aid agriculture.
14 Agricultural land shall be used as one form of open space or as 14.2.3 d) Agricultural land may be used as one form of open
green pelt. space or as green pelt.
15 The County shall coordinate and encourage efforts to solve the 14.2.3 e) Coordinate and encourage efforts to solve the
problems of the agricultural industry in the County of Hawaii. problems of the agricultural industry in the County of Hawaii.
16
17
18
19
The compatibility of agricultural and non-agricultural uses
should be carefully reviewed and where appropriate, buffers
required.
LAND POLICY
2045 GP
10.1 Protect and enhance Hawaii's beaches, shoreline, open
J spaces, and scenic resources. (NEW: HRS 226-104 (a) (13))
10.2 During discretionary permit applications, the Planning
Director may require a pedestrian, equestrian, and/or bicycle
path when it is possible and safe to connect to existing or
future open space, drainage, or active living corridors. (Ka'u CDP
Policy 84; S. Kohala CDP Policy 2.2)
10.3 Proposed discretionary permits for large development
projects (200+ units) in the North Kohala, South Kohala, North
Kona, South Kona, and Ka'u Districts should he designed to he
as water neutral as reasonably possible through water
14.2.3 f) In orderto minimize the potential conflicts between
agricultural and non-agricultural uses, standards and guidelines
for the establishment of well defined buffer
areas as part of new, non-agricultural developments that are
located adjacent to important agricultural lands shall be
developed.
Rural -style residential -agricultural developments, such as new 14.2.3 g) Land zoned for use in the Rural District shall be
small-scale rural communities or extensions of existing rural expanded, where appropriate.
communities, shall be encouraged in appropriate locations.
conservation, recharge, and reuse measures to reduce the
water footprint. (S. Kohala CDP Policy 5.2)
10.4 Identify outstanding natural or cultural features, such as
water courses, fine groves of trees, heiau, and historical sites
and structures on subdivision preliminary plat maps.
Equitable Planning & Decision -Making
11.1 Ensure there is necessary and adequate on -site
infrastructure for development projects may include but not
limited to water, wastewater, and multimodal infrastructure.
(14.3.3 Policy h)
11.2 Ensure affordable housing requirements that meet the
demand created by the development. (2.4.9.2 Ka'u COA a, c; 9.3
Policy g; 14.7.2 Goal c, 14.7.3 Policy i; 14.7.5.1.2 Puna COA a;
14.7.5.9.2 Ka'u COA a; Ka'u CDP Policy 6; 2019 6P Policy 552)
11.3 The County may impose incremental and conditional
zoning based on performance conditions that focus on
addressing the impacts of the proposed development. (14.7.3
Policy a)
The County shall develop subdivision standards which mal<e a 14.2.3 h) Develop subdivision standards that make a distinction 11.4 Concurrency reviews should incorporate reduction in
distinction between agricultural and urban land uses. between agricultural and urban land uses. vehicle miles traveled to mitigate traffic impacts and achieve
Designate. protect and maintain important agricultural lands
from urban encroachment. New approaches to preserve
important agricultural land shall be implemented by the County.
14.2.3 i) Designate, protect and maintain important agricultural
lands from urban encroachment.
sustainability and demand management goals. (NEW Draft 2)
11.5 County agencies recognize that land use decisions on
DHHL lands are determined by the Hawaiian Homes
Commission (HHQ and should coordinate accordingly. (NEW
Draft 2)
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The County shall ensure that development of important 14.2.3 j) Ensure that development of important agricultural
agricultural land shall be primarilyfor commercial agricultural land be primarilyfor agricultural use.
use purposes.
COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT
14.2.3 k) Support the development of private and State
agricultural parks to make agricultural land available for
agricultural activities.
14.2.3 1) Assist in the development of agriculture.
14.2.3 m) Assist in the development of water for agricultural
purposes.
14.2.3 n) Investigate possibilities to prevent non-agricultural
uses that could interfere with potential or existing agricultural
activities on important agricultural lands.
14.2.3 o) Support efforts to provide tax relief and other
incentives to enhance competitive capabilities of commercial
farms and ranches, thereby insuring long-term preservation,
enhancement, and expansion ofviable agricultural lands.
14.2.3 p) Ensure that condominium property regimes (CPR) on
agricultural -designated lands comply with the requirements of
the Zoning Code and other applicable laws, rules and
regulations.
14.2.3 q) Farm labor housing projects shall be developed in a
manner that minimizes the use of important agricultural lands
and is consistent with the character of surrounding land uses.
14.2.3 r) Encourage, where appropriate, the establishment of
visitor -related uses and facilities that directly promote the
agriculture industry.
14.2.3 s) Important agricultural lands shall not be rezoned to
parcels too small to support economically viable farming units.
14.2.3 t) Discourage speculative residential development on
agricultural lands.
14.2.3 u) Encourage other compatible economic uses that
complement existing agricultural and pastoral activities.
LAND POLICY
2045 GP
11.6 DHHL Plans (DHHL General Plan, DHHL Hawaii Island Plan,
DHHL Regional Plans) will he the authority on land use that will
guide County policy regarding land uses and projects
surrounding DHHL lands to prevent land uses that may
negatively impact homestead communities. (NEW Draft 2)
Reduce Threats from Natural Hazards & Disasters
12.1 Enact additional land use and building structure
regulations in areas vulnerable to severe damage due to the
impart of waves or inundation. (5.3 Policy a)
12.2 Review land use policy as it relates to floodplains, high
surf, and tsunami hazard areas. (5.3 Policy b)
12.3 Consider natural hazards in all land use planning and
permitting. (5.3 Policy q)
12.4 Discourage intensive residential development in areas of
high volcanic hazard. (5.3 Policy r)
12.5 Discourage public investment/infrastructure that supports
increases in density in high -risk hazard areas , while allowing
such investment to support existing residents and facilities.
(5.3 Policy r)
12.6 Reduce development intensity in identified high -risk
hazard areas. (5.3 Policies a, b, q, r; 14.8.4 Open Space
Standards c; Puna CDP 2.4.3 Action f)
12.7 Incorporate hazard mitigation strategies into policies and
planning decisions using the most conservative models in
delineating hazard areas. (S. Kohala CDP Puako Policy 2; Puna
CDP 2.4.2 Objective a; Puna CDP 2.4.3 Action c; Hamakua CDP
Policy 21)
12.8 Encourage the development and implementation of
Community Wildfire Protection Plans, Firewise Community
Certification, and public education programs for communities
with high wildfire risk. (S. Kohala CDP Policy 4, 4.2; I(a'o CDP
Policy 119)
12.9 Encourage the use of natural features such as sand dunes,
xeriscape, or native plants to provide buffers from hazards.
(NEW: Multi -Hazard Mitigation Plan 2019)
12.10 Traditional ecological knowledge and methodologies
should be considered to mitigate, adapt, and restore areas
prone to natural hazards and disasters. (NEW Draft 2)
12.11 Utilize multimodal trails forfirebreaks and possibly
emergency evacuation routes where feasible. (NEW Draft 2)
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In an effort to assist existing commercial developments, urban
renewal rehabilitation, and/or redevelopment programs shall
be undertaken in cooperation with communities, businesses
and governmental agencies. The keyto the success of these
kinds of programs is active and sustained participation from
communities and businesses.
Commercial facilities shall be developed in areas adequately
served by necessary services, such as water, utilities, sewers,
and transportation systems. Should such services not be
available, the development of more intensive uses should be in
concert with a localized program of public and private capital
improvements to meet the expected increased needs.
2005 GP
2045 GP
LAND POLICY
14.3.3 a) Urban renewal, rehabilitation, and/or redevelopment 12.12 Power distribution should be placed underground when
programs shall be undertaken in cooperation with and where practical. (11.4.2 Policy a)
communities, businesses and governmental agencies.
14.3.3 h) Commercial facilities shall be developed in areas Urban Growth
adequately served by necessary services, such as water,
utilities, sewers, and transportation systems. Should such
services not be available, the development of more intensive
uses should be in concert with a localized program of public and
private capital improvements to meet the expected increased
needs.
Distribution of commercial areas shall be such as to best meet 14.3.3 c) Distribution of commercial areas shall meet the
the demands of neighborhood, community and regional needs. demands of neighborhood, community and regional needs.
Existing strip development shall be converted to more 14.3.3 d) Existing strip development shall be converted to more
appropriate uses when and where it is feasible. appropriate uses when and where it is feasible.
The development of commercial facilities should be designed to 14.3.3 e) Encourage the conrentration of commercial uses
fit into the locale with minimal intrusion while providing the within and surrounding a central core area.
desired services. Appropriate infrastructure and design
concerns shall be incorporated into the review of such
developments.
Applicable ordinances shall be reviewed and amended as
necessaryto include considerations for urban design, aesthetic
quality and the protection of amenities in adjacent areas
through landscaping. open space and buffer areas.
14.3.3 f) The development of commercial facilities should be
designed to fit into the locale with minimal intrusion while
providing the desired services. Appropriate infrastructure
and design concerns shall be incorporated into the review of
such developments.
14.3.3 g) Applicable ordinances shall he reviewed and amended
as necessary to include considerations for urban design,
aesthetic quality and the protection of amenities
in adjacent areas through landscaping, open space and buffer
areas.
14.3.3 h) Require developers to provide basic infrastructure
necessary for development.
14.3.3 i) Encourage commercial areas to develop on an axis
perpendicularto the highway.
13.1 Encourage flexibility in the design of residential sites,
buildings, and related facilities to achieve a diversity of
socio-economic housing mix and innovative means of meeting
the market requirements. (14.5.3 Policy c)
13.2 Prioritize increase in density, rehabilitation, and
redevelopment within existing zoned urban areas already
served by basic infrastructure, or close to such areas. (14.1.3
Policies b,j; Ka'u CDP Policy 1; Kona CDP PUB-4)
13.3 Incentivize rehabilitation and adaptive reuse of existing
buildings rather than demolition in urban areas characterized by
vacant, abandoned, and underutilized older buildings. (Kona
CDP Policy HSG 4.5)
13.4 Encourage the rehabilitation and/or utilization of
maximum density in multi -family residential areas. (14.5.3
Policies d, e)
13.5 Rezonings that promote infill are encouraged and should
he conditioned to ensure connectivity to the surrounding
developments and, where applicable, to provide mixed -use
opportunities to make the area more pedestrian -oriented.
(Kona CDP Policy LU-2.8 2.1b.ii)
13.6 The establishment of urban types of zoning may include
additional acreages to account for acreages utilized for public
benefits, such as historic sites, public access, parks, and open
space.
13.7 Within the "high- and medium -density" area, commercial
development shall be focused on major streets, while interior
blocks should be zoned primarily for small lot single-family and
multi -family residential use. (14.1.4 Standard d)
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INDUSTRIAL
The County shall support the creation of industrial parks in
appropriate locations as an alternative to strip development.
2005 GP
LAND POLICY
2045 GP
13.8 Forus on medium- and high -density residential and
commercial uses in Communities that can sustain a higher
intensity of uses and where consistent with General Plan Land
Use Map and existing town character. (Hamal<ua CDP Policy 3)
14.4.3 a) Support the creation of industrial parks in appropriate
locations as an alternative to strip development.
42 It shall he the policy of the County to achieve a broader
14.4.3 h) Achieve a broader diversification of local industries by
diversification of local industries by providing opportunities for
providing opportunities for new industries and strengthening
new industries and strengthening existing industries.
existing industries.
43 Through its zoning powers, the County shall locate industrial
14.4.3 c) Locate industrial areas convenient to transportation
areas convenient to transportation facilities, and provide a
facilities, and provide a variety of industrial zoned districts and
variety of industrial zoned districts and lot sizes depending on
lot sizes, depending on the needs of the industries
the needs of the industries and the communities.
and the communities.
44 The County shall attempt to improve the aesthetic quality of
14.4.3 d) Improve the aesthetic quality of industrial sites and
industrial sites and protect amenities of adjacent areas by
protect amenities of adjacent areas by requiring landscaping,
requiring landscaping, open spaces, buffer zones and design
open spaces, buffer zones, and design guidelines.
guidelines.
45 The concept of a "floating zone" shall he used to allow for the
14.4.3 e) Industrial development shall be located in areas
future development of industrial areas.
adequately served bytransportation, utilities, and other
essential infrastructure.
46 Industrial development shall he located in areas adequately
14.4.3 f) Provide flexibility within the Zoning Code to
served by transportation. utilities. and other amenities.
accommodate emerging new industries.
Redeveloping or newly developing areas shall be developed in
concert with programmed public and privatelyfunded
infrastructure to meet the expected needs.
47 The County shall review the Zoning Code in light of emerging
14.4.3 g) Industrial -commercial mixed use districts shall be
new industries and shall establish new land use regulations as
provided in appropriate locations.
necessary.
48
14.4.3 h) Require developers to provide basic infrastructure
necessary for development.
MULTIPLE RESIDENTIAL
13.9 Support the rezoning of land to multiple residential near
places of employment, retail, utilities, and educational,
recreational, cultural, and public facilities. (14.5.3 Policy a)
13.10 Development of TODs and TNDs are encouraged within
locations of the urban centers shown on the General Plan Land
Use Map. These locations are approximate and become fixed
during rezoning. (Kona CDP Policy LU-2.1)
13.11 Plan for and identify appropriate areas for business
inCubation/innovation districts and industrial/business parks.
(14.4.5.7.2 N. Kona COA a)
13.12 Urban renewal, rehabilitation, and/or redevelopment
programs should be undertaken in cooperation with
communities, businesses, and governmental agencies. (14.3.3
Policy a)
13.13 Support master planning by public and private
institutions and landowners which emphasize TOD, affordable
housing, and mixed -use development. (2.4.2.2 S. Hilo COA f;
Kona CDP Action ECON-1.2a)
13.14 Low- to medium -density residential development and/or
low-irnpact office uses within urban areas should serve as
transitional densities between lower -density neighborhoods
and more intensive commercial and residential uses. (14.6.4
Standard a; 14.5.4 Multiple Residential Standard b; 2019 GP
Policy 504)
13.12 Urban renewal, rehabilitation, and/or redevelopment
programs should be undertaken in cooperation with
Communities, businesses, and governmental agencies. (14.3.3
Policy a)
13.13 Support master planning by public and private
institutions and landowners which emphasize TOD, affordable
housing, and mixed -use development. (2.4.2.2 S. Hilo COA f;
Kona CDP COA ECON-1.2a)
13.14 Low- to medium -density residential development and/or
low -impact office uses within urban areas should serve as
transitional densities between lower -density neighborhoods
and more intensive commercial and residential uses. (14.6.4
Standard a; 14.5.4 Multiple Residential Standard b; 2019 GP
Policy 504)
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LAND POLICY
LAND USE POLICIES
1989 GP
2005 GP
2045 GP
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the demand for
14.5.3 a) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the
Commercial
multiple residential dwellings increases, These areas shall be
demand for multiple residential dwellings increases. These
allocated with respect to places of employment, shopping
areas shall be allocated with respect to places of employment,
facilities, educational, recreational and cultural facilities, and
shopping facilities, educational, recreational and cultural
public facilities and utilities.
facilities, and public facilities and utilities.
The County shall incorporate reasonable flexibility in applicable
14.5.3 b) Incorporate reasonable flexibility in applicable codes
13.1 S Support the redevelopment of aging and high vacancy
codes and ordinances to achieve a diversity of socio-economic
and ordinances to achieve a diversity of socio-economic housing
shopping centers and strip -type developments into mixed -use
housing mix.
mix.
developments with housing and public recreation facilities.
(14.3.3 Policy d)
The County shall encourage flexibility in the design of
14.5.3 c) Encourage flexibility in the design of residential sites,
13.19 Encourage the concentration of commercial uses within
residential sites, buildings and related facilities to achieve a
buildings and related facilities to achieve a diversity of
and surrounding a central core area adequately served by
diversity of socio-economic housing mix and innovative means
socio-economic housing mix and innovative means of meeting
transportation, utilities, and other essential infrastructure.
of meeting the market requirements.
the market requirements.
(14.3.3 Policy e; 14.3.5.9.2 Ka'u COA a, b; Ka'u CDP Policy 2)
The rehabilitation and/or utilization of multiple residential
14.5.3 d) The rehabilitation and/or utilization of multiple
13.20 Infrastructure and design elements shall be incorporated
areas shall be encouraged.
residential areas shall be encouraged.
into the review of commercial developments. (14.3.3 Policy f;
Ka'u CDP Policy 73)
To assure the use of multiple residential zoned areas and to
curb speculation and resale of undeveloped lots only, the
County may impose incremental and conditional zoning which
shall be based on performance requirements.
Applicable codes and ordinances shall be reviewed and
amended as necessary to include consideration for urban
design. and aesthetic qualitythrough landscaping. open space,
and buffer areas.
SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL
57 To assure the orderly use of single-family residential zoned
areas and to curb speculation and resale of undeveloped loti,
the County may impose incremental and conditional zoning
which would he based on performance requirements. This is to
assure that a certain percentage of buildings will be
constructed.
14.5.3 e) To assure the use of multiple residential zoned areas 13.21 Encourage a mix of uses near affordable housing and
and to curb speculation and resale of undeveloped lots only, the
County may impose incremental and conditional zoning, which
shall be based on performance requirements.
14.5.3 f) Applicable codes and ordinances shall be reviewed and
amended as necessary to include consideration for urban
design, and aesthetic quality through landscaping, open space,
and buffer areas.
14.5.3 g) Support the rezoning ofthose multiple residentially
zoned lands that are used for other purposes to a more
appropriate zoning designation.
14.5.3 h) Require developers to provide basic infrastructure
access to commercial and recreational opportunities. (Kona CDP
Policy LU-2.5; Kona CDP Policy LU-2.2; 2019 GP Land Use Goal f)
13.22 Industrial and commercial mixed -use districts may be
provided in urban centers. (14.4.5.1.2 Puna COA b)
13.23 Distribution of commercial areas shall meet the demands
of neighborhood, community, and regional needs in accordance
with Smart Growth principles. (14.3.3 Policy c)
13.24 Discourage strip or spot commercial development on the
necessary for development. highway outside of the UGAs. (14.3.5.3.2 N. Hilo COA c;
14.3.5.5.2 N. Kohala COA d; 14.3.5.6.2 S. Kohala COA c,
14.3.5.9.2 S. Kona COA a; 14.3.5.9.2 Ka'u COA b; Ka'u CDP
Policy 2; 2019 GP Policy 473)
113.25 Discretionary permit applications for regional retail uses,
including big box and regional shopping centers located
adjacent to areas designated for low -density residential and
rural uses, should he buffered to mitigate impacts. (14.6.4
14.6.3 a) To assure the orderly use of single-family residential
zoned areas and to curb speculation and resale of undeveloped
lots, the County may impose incremental and conditional
zoning, which would be based on performance requirements.
This is to assure that a certain percentage of buildings will be
constructed.
Standard a; 2019 GP Policy 509)
13.26 Encourage small-scale manufacturing and processing
within retail establishments that enhance and are consistent
with the surrounding community. (NEW: 2019 GP Policy 297;
Small -Scale Manufacturing and Neighborhood Revitalization
Report from Smart Growth America)
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58 The County shall encourage more innovative uses of land with
respect to geologic and topographic conditions through the use
of residential cluster and planned unit developments. The
clustering of residential units in sloping areas is a means of
minimizing grading and drainage problems, preserving the
natural appearance of the topography, preventing strip
development, and making optimum uses of the terrain for
buildings and open spaces.
59 The County shall encourage and coordinate with the State in
providing fee simple and leasehold single-family residential lots
to the residents through State and/or County Housing
Programs.
2005 GP
14.6.3 b) Encourage innovative uses of land with respect to
geologir and topographic conditions through the use of
residential cluster and planned unit developments.
LAND POLICY
2045 GP
13.27 Support the flexible design of commercial spaces to allow
for transitional uses that serve the evolving needs of its users.
(NEW: COVID lessons; APA Planning, Zoning practices; PAS
DuickNotes BO: Adaptive Reuse; Phoenix Adaptive Reuse
Program)
14.6.3 c) Encourage and coordinate with the State in providing 13.28 Discretionary permit applications for new commercial
fee simple and leasehold single-family residential lots to the developments adjacent to or within existing industrial
residents through State and/or County Housing Programs. designated lands shall be reviewed for the criteria of conversion
from industrial lands. ( 14.4.2 Goal b, Policy g; Conversion of
Industrially Zoned Land Report, Center for Community
Innovation at UC-Berkeley)
60 The County shall incorporate reasonable flexibility in codes and
14.6.3 d) Incorporate reasonable flexibility in codes and
ordinances to achieve a diversity of socio-economic housing
ordinances to achieve a diversity of socio-economic housing mix
mix and to permit aesthetic balance between single-family
and to permit aesthetic balance between single-family
residential structures and open spaces.
residential structures and open spaces.
61 The County shall designate and allocate
14.6.3 e) Re-evaluate existing undeveloped single-family
single-family residential zoned lands at varying densities for
residential zoned areas and reallocate zoned lands in
future use in accordance with the needs of the communities
appropriate locations.
and the stated goals, policies, and standards.
62 Rural -style residential -agricultural developments. such as new
14.6.3 f) Designate and allocate single-family residential zoned
small scale rural communities or extensions of existing rural
lands at varying densities for future use in accordance with the
communities, shall be encouraged in appropriate, locations.
needs of the communities and the stated goals, policies, and
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66
The County shall review and amend if necessary land use
ordinances and codes to include considerations for rural style
residential subdivisions in appropriate locations. Standards and
criteria for the establishment of these areas shall be developed.
RESORT
standards.
14.6.3 g) Rural -style residential-agrirultural developments,
such as new small scale rural communities or extensions of
existing rural communities, shall be encouraged in appropriate
locations.
14.6.3 h) Review and amend land use ordinances and codes to
include ronsiderations for rural -style residential subdivisions in
appropriate locations. Standards and criteria for the
establishment of these areas shall be developed.
14.6.3 i) Require developers to provide basic infrastructure
necessary for development.
The County may impose incremental and conditional zoning 14.7.3 a) The County may impose incremental and conditional
which would be based on performance requirements. zoning that would be based on performance requirements.
Industrial
13.29 Industrial development shall be in areas adequately
served by transportation, utilities, and other essential
infrastructure or adjacent to unique resources and/or projects.
(14.4.3 Policy e; 14.4.4 Standard b)
13.30 Support the creation of industrial uses in appropriate
locations as part of mixed -use districts and developments.
(14.4.3 Policies a, g)
13.31 Support Industrial Project District zoning and flexibility of
uses and lot sizes, depending on the needs of the industries
and the communities. (14.4.3 Policies c, f)
13.32 Encourage Industrial Project Districts and Innovation
Centers within the UGAs. (Kona CDP ECON-1.8)
13.33 Industrial -commercial mixed -use districts should serve as
transitional areas in accordance with the General Plan Land Use
Map and Community Development Plan. (14.5.4 Standard b;
14.4.3 Policy g)
13.34 Support land uses that locate regional -scaled industrial
and warehouse sites near major transportation corridors,
airports, and harbors. (14.4.3 Policy c)
13.35 Support the development of recycling operations near
transfer stations and County landfills. (NEW: ISWMP 2019)
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2005 GP
2045 GP
67 Promote and encourage the rehabilitation and the optimum
14.7.3 b) Promote and encourage the rehabilitation and the
13.36 Industrial uses maybe permitted outside UGAs through
utilization of resort areas which are presently serviced by basir
optimum utilization of resort areas that are presently serviced
Special Permits only when there is a clear community benefit or
facilities and utilities.
by basir facilities and utilities.
consistent with County, State, and Federal sustainability
objectives. (Hamakua CDP Policy 6; 2019 GP Policy 544)
68 Zoning of resort areas shall be granted when the proposed
14.7.3 c) Lands currently designated Resort should be utilized
13.37 Encourage the rehabilitation of existing service -oriented
development is consistent with and incorporates the stated
before new resorts are allowed in undeveloped coastal areas.
industrial areas. (14.4.5.4.2 Hamakua COA h, Policy 130; 2019
goals, policies and standards of the General Plan.
GP Policy 543)
69 The County shall continue to seek funds from the State Capital
14.7.3 d) Zoning of resort areas shall be granted when the
13.3E Mitigate impacts of industrial development on
Improvement Program to help develop visitor destination areas
proposed development is consistent with and incorporates the
surrounding uses by requiring landscaping, trees, open spaces,
in accordance with the County's General Plan.
stated goals, policies and standards of the General
buffer zones, and other appropriate conditions. (14.4.3 Policy d;
Plan.
14.4.4 Standard e; 2019 GP Policies 530, 538)
70 The County shall designate and allocate future resort areas in
14.7.3 e)Continue to seekfunds from the State Capital
13.39 Future land uses in the vicinity of industrial areas,
appropriate proportions and in keeping with the social,
Improvement Program to help develop visitor destination areas
including airports, should have an adequate open space buffer
economic, and physical environments of the County.
in accordance with the County's General Plan.
and/or be compatible with the anticipated aircraft noise
exposure levels for that vicinity. (13.3.5.2.2 S. Hilo COA c;
13.3.5.6.2 N 5 S Kona COA a; 2019 GP Policy 62)
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The County shall evaluate resort areas and the areas
surrounding existing resorts to insure that viable quality resorts
are developed and that the surrounding area contributes to the
quality. ambience and character of the existing resorts.
The County shall encourage the visitor industry to provide
resort facilities which offer an educational experience of Hawaii
as well as recreational activities.
Coastal resort developments shall provide public access to and
Parking for beach and shoreline areas.
The County shall re-evaluate existing undeveloped resort
designated and/or zoned areas and reallocate resort
designated and/or zoned lands in appropriate locations.
The concept of a "floating zone" shall be used to allow for the
future development of retreat resort areas.
OPEN SPACE
14.7.3 f) Designate and allocate future resort areas in
appropriate proportions and in keeping with the social,
economic, and physical environments of the County.
14.7.3 g)Evaluate resort areas and the areas surrounding
existing resorts to insure that viable quality resorts are
developed and that the surrounding area contributes to the
quality, ambience and character of the existing resorts.
14.7.3 h) Encourage the visitor industry to provide resort
facilities that offer an educational experience of Hawaii as well
as recreational activities.
14.7.3 i) Coastal resort developments shall provide public
access to and parking for beach and shoreline areas.
14.7.3 j) Re-evaluate existing undeveloped resort designated
and/or zoned areas and reallocate these lands in appropriate
locations.
14.7.3 k) Require developers to provide the basic infrastructure
necessary for development.
13.40 Heavy Industrial and residential uses should be separated
by other transitional uses or sufficient open space.
Resort
13.41 Resorts, hotels, visitor attractions, and related
development shall be in areas adequately served by
transportation, utilities, and other essential infrastructure.
(14.7.5.2.2 S. Hilo COA b; 14.7.5.6.2 S. Kohala COA a; 14.7.5.7.2
N. Kona COA c)
13.42 Promote and prioritize the rehabilitation and the
optimum utilization of resort areas that are presently serviced
by basic facilities and utilities before allowing new resorts.
(14.7.3 Policies b, c; Ka'u CDP Policy 5; 2019 GP Policy 547)
13.43 Coastal resort developments shall provide public access
to and public parking for beach and shoreline areas. (14.7.3
Policy i)
13.44 The development or designation of new resort areas
should complement the character of the area; protect the
environment and natural beauty; respect existing lifestyles,
cultural practices, and cultural resources; and provide shoreline
public access. (9.3 Policy g; 14.7.2 Goal c; 14.7.3 Policy i;
14.7.5.1.2 Puna COA a; 14.7.5.9.2 a; 2.4.9.2 Ka'u COA a, c, Ka'u
Policy 6; 2019 GP Policy 551)
113.45 Do not allow new Resort (V) zoning development along
;the orean side of Ali'i Drive. (14.7.5.7.2 N. Kona COA a)
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LAND USE POLICIES
1971 GP 1989 GP 2005 GP 2045 GP
77 Open space in the County of Hawaii shall reflect and be in 14.8.3 a) Open space shall reflect and be in keeping with the 13.46 Resort development should be in balance with the social
keeping with the goals, policies, and standards set forth in the goals, policies, and standards set forth in the other elements of and physical goals as well as the economic desires of the
other elements of the General Plan. the General Plan. residents of the area. (2.4.7.2 N. Kona COA a)
78 Open space in urban areas shall be established and provided 14.8.3 b) Open space in urban areas shall be established and 13.47 Encourage new developments to be water neutral by
through zoning and subdivision regulations. provided through zoning and subdivision regulations. balancing water supply and demand. (11.6.2 Policies b, f; 2019
GP Policy 550)
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87
The County of Hawaii shall encourage the identification
evaluation, and designation of natural areas.
Zoning, subdivision and other applicable ordinances of the
County of Hawaii shall provide for and protect open space
areas.
PUBLIC LANDS
14.8.3 c) Encourage the identification, evaluation, and
designation of natural areas.
14.8.3 d) Zoning, subdivision and other applicable ordinances
shall provide for and protect open space areas.
14.8.3 e) Amend the Zoning Code to create a category for lands
that should be kept in a largely natural state, but that may not
be in the Conservation District, such as certain important
viewplanes, buffer areas, and very steep slopes.
13.48 Retreat Resort uses may he permitted outside UGAs
through Special Permits onlywhen there is a clear community
benefit or consistent with County, State, and Federal
sustainability objectives. (NEW Draft 2)
13.49 On -site affordable housing and workforce units shall be
excluded from the total permitted visitor unit counts for
existing and new resort developments. (Goal 9.2 e; Policy 9.3 1)
13.50 Encourage the addition of workforce housing
opportunities within existing and proposed resort areas. (NEW
Draft 2)
13.51 Incorporate open and natural spaces within existing and
future resort areas. (NEW Draft 2)
Encourage uses of public lands which will satisfy specific public 14.9.3 a) Encourage uses of public lands that will satisfy Rural
needs, such as housing, recreation, open space and education. specific public needs, such as housing, recreation, open space
Encourage the adoption of State programs for State lands
consistent with the County General Plan.
State and County Capital Improvement Programs should
continue to be coordinated.
A sub -classification, University use, shall continue to be utilized.
permitting the primary institutional and numerous supportive
and accessory uses required for establishing and/or expanding
a public university. Its designation shall continue to be shown
on the Allocation map.
and education.
14.9.3 b) Encourage the adoption of State programs for State
lands consistent with the General Plan.
14.9.3 c) State and County Capital Improvement Programs
should continue to be coordinated.
14.9.3 d) A sub -classification, University use, shall continue to
be utilized, permitting the primary institutional and numerous
supportive and accessory uses required for establishing and/or
expanding a public university. Its designation shall continue to
be shown on the Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide map.
14.9.3 e) Support the U.S. Department of Interior, National Park
Service's expansion plans for the Hawaii Volcanoes, Puul(ohola
and Puuhonua O Honaunau National Historic Parks.
14.9.3 f) Encourage the State to continue the Villages of
Lai'opua project at Kealakehe.
14.1 Support the State Land Use reclassification to Rural in
alignment with the General Plan Rural designation. (14.2.3
Policy g; Puna CDP 3.1.3.a)
14.2 Support reclassification/rezoning of appropriate General
Plan Rural designated areas where an intermediate land use
and a well-defined buffer between Urban and Productive
Agricultural areas are consistent with the surrounding uses and
rural character. (14.2.3 Policies f, g; Kona CDP Action LU-1.3a;
Hamakua CDP Policy 4; 2019 GP Policies 521, 523)
14.3 Support General Plan amendments and rezoning
applications for the development of new Rural Neighborhood
Centers with adequate infrastructure, as necessary, in or near
presently underserved subdivisions, beginning with those
experiencing higher rates of population growth. (Puna CDP
3.1.2.d & 3.1.3.6)
14.4 Rural -style residential -agricultural developments, such as
new small-scale rural communities or extensions of existing
rural communities, should be incentivized to cluster in
appropriate locations. (14.6.3 Policy y)
14.5 Support the development of small-scale visitor
accommodations with heritage, agriculture, wellness, or similar
themes in rural areas and near points of interest. (14.3.5.8.2 S.
Kona COA c; 14.7.5.9.2 Ka`0 COA b; 14.7.5.3.2 N. Hilo COA a;
Hamakua CDP Policy 126)
143
1971 GP
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94
95
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LAND USE POLICIES
LAND POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
14.6 Provide flexibility in discretionary permit applications to
maintain health and safety for rural small-scale visitor
accommodations not serviced by public infrastructure. (Policy
11.2.2 i)
Agriculture
15.1 Development in Productive Agriculture and Extensive
Agriculture areas should include agricultural uses, related
economic infrastructure and cottage industries, compatible
renewable energy, open area recreational uses, community
facilities, and compatible agriculture worker housing. (14.2.3
Policyj; Ka'u CDP Policy 38; Hamakua Policy 21; 2019 GP Policy
557)
15.2 Special permit applications within Productive Agriculture
designated land should support primary agriculture use. (14.2.2
Goals a, b, L; 14.2.3 Policies i, j, k)
15.3 Encourage buffer zones or compatible uses between
Productive Agriculture and adjacent other uses of land to
mitigate unintended agriculture externalities such as
machine/animal noise, odors, fertilizer/pesticide drift, and
related impacts. (NEW Draft 2)
15.4 Preserve agricultural character, including the open space
preserved by agricultural land. (14.2.2 Ag Goal b; 14.2.3 Policy d;
Ka'u CDP Policy 33; 2019 GP Policy 576)
15.5 Support the development of small-scale visitor
accommodations that directly promote the agriculture industry,
health and wellness industry directly related to agriculture, or
are near points of interest that support agriculture. (14.3.5.8.2
S. Kona COA c; 14.7.5.3.2 N. Hilo COA a; 14.7.5.9.2 Ka'u COA b;
Hamakua Policy 126)
15.6 Any subdivision or agriculture worker housing complex
developed on Productive Agricultural Lands should be clustered
to minimize impact. (14.2.3 Policy q; Kona CDP Policy LU-3.4;
Hamakua CDP Policy 14)
15.7 Encourage and aid the agricultural industry in continuing
to provide agriculture worker housing. (14.6.5.1.2 Puna COA b)
15.8 Encourage the use of agriculture, ranch, and forestry land
preservation programs. (Ka'u CDP Action 3; Hamakua CDP
Action 5)
15.9 Promote the preservation and restoration of indigenous
agricultural systems. (Kona CDP Policy CR-3.3 + Action CR-3.3b +
Policy CR-3.5)
15.10 Provide flexibility to allow adjacent compatible uses for
agriculture with industrial components, such as carbon
sequestration, timber, or food processing. (14.2.3 Policy u; APA
PAS Report 61 Planning for Climate Mitigation and Adaptation)
144
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100
1989 GP
LAND USE POLICIES
LAND POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
15.11 Encourage agroforestry as a viahle industry, which can
utilize less produrtive agricultural lands and contribute to
carbon sequestration. (NEW Draft 2)
145
1971
LAND USE STANDARDS
1989
The designated land uses will be delineated on the General Plan
Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide Map. The broad -brush
boundaries indicated are graphic expressions of the General
Plan policies, particularly those relating to land uses. They are
long-range guides to general location and will be subject to: a)
existing zoning; b) State Land Use District; and c) zone guide
map and interpretation. Similarly, the acreages allocated
represent alternatives for the various levels of economic activity
and supporting functions, such as resort, residential,
commercial and industrial activities. Land required for
community and governmental services and programs as well as
new towns and resort centers may be accommodated within
the allocated acreages.
Zoning requests shall be reviewed with respect to
General Plan designation, district goals, regional
plans, State Land Use District, compatibility with
adjacent zoned uses, availability of public services
and utilities, access, and public need.
Zoning may be recommended on an incremental basis
depending upon construction schedule, development of
supporting services and facilities, and other pertinent factors
bearing upon the performance ofthe petitioner.
Zoning may be reallocated as to location within districts
according to need with or without change in total zoned
acreage.
Zoning of areas for industrial and retreat resort uses
under the " floating zone" concept shall be required to
meet all pertinent elements of the General Plan.
AGRICULTURE
COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Neighborhood Centers
Provide: Convenience goods, e.g., foods, drugs, and personal
services.
Major Shops: Supermarket and/or drug store. Number of
Shops: 5 to 15.
Acreage: 5 to 10 acres. Approximate Market: 3,000 people.
2005
14.1.4 a) The designated land uses will be delineated on the
General Plan Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide Map. The
broad -brush boundaries indicated are graphic expressions of
the General Plan policies, particularly those relating to land
uses. They are long-range guides to general location and will be
subject to: a) existing zoning; and b) State Land Use District.
Similarly, the acreages allocated represent alternatives for the
various levels of economic activity and supporting functions,
such as resort, residential, commercial and industrial activities.
Land required for community and governmental services and
programs as well as new towns and resort centers may be
accommodated within the allocated acreages.
14.1.4 b) Zoning requests shall be reviewed with respect to
General Plan designation, district goals, regional plans, State
Land Use District, compatibility with adjacent zoned uses,
availability of public services and utilities, access, and public
need.
14.1.4 c) Zoning may be recommended on an incremental basis
depending upon construction schedule, development of
supporting services and facilities, and other pertinent factors
bearing upon the performance of the petitioner.
14.1.4 d) The establishment of urban -types of zoning may
include additional acreages to account for acreages utilized for
public benefit, such as historic sites, public access and parks.
14.3.4 a) Neighborhood Centers
• Provide: Convenience goods, e.g., foods, drugs, and personal
services.
• Major Shops: Supermarket and/or drug store.
• Number of Shops: 5 to 15.
• Acreage: 5 to 10 acres.
• Approximate Market: 3,000 people.
LAND STAND
146
1971
10
11
12
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15
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LAND USE STANDARDS
1989
Community Centers
Provide: Convenience goods, plus "soft line" items, such as
clothing, and "hard line" items, such as hardware and small
appliances.
Major Shops: Variety orjunior department store.
Number of Shops: 20 to 40.
Acreage: 10 to 30.
Approximate Market: 15,ODD people.
Regional Centers
Provide: Full range of merchandise and services.
Major Shops: Full size department store. Number of Shops: 40.
Approximate Market: 50,000 people.
Commercial development shall be located in areas adequately
served by transportation, utilities. and other amenities.
Commercial developments shall provide for adequate internal
circulation amongst commercial facilities in the area.
Off-street parking and loading facilities shall be provided.
Commercial development shall maintain or improve the quality
of the present environment through the consideration of visual,
access, landscaping, and other design elements in their
development.
Preference shall be given to commercial lands with a reasonably
level topography.
INDUSTRIAL
Industrial development shall maintain or improve the quality of
the present environment.
Industrial activities may be located close to raw materials or key
resources.
Topography of industrial land shall be reasonably level.
Industrial development shall be conveniently located to its labor
resource.
Buffer zones shall be established between industrial and
adjacent noncompatible uses of land.
The direction of wind patterns and the absence of tradewinds
shall be considered in locating industrial designations.
MULTIPLE RESIDENTIAL
2005
14.3.4 b) Community Centers
• Provide: Convenience goods, plus "soft line" items, such as
clothing, and "hard
line" items, such as hardware and small appliances.
• Major Shops: Variety orjunior department store.
• Number of Shops: 20 to 40.
• Acreage: 10 to 30 acres.
• Approximate Market: 15,000 people.
14.3.4 c) Regional Centers
• Provide: Full range of merchandise and services.
• Major Shops: Full size department store.
• Number of Shops: 40.
• Approximate Market: 50,000 people.
14.4.4 a) Industrial development shall maintain or improve the
quality of the present environment.
14.4.4 b) Industrial activities may be located close to raw
materials or key resources.
14.4.4 c) Topography of industrial land shall be reasonably level.
14.4.4 d) Industrial development shall be conveniently located
to its labor resource.
14.4.4 e) Buffer zones shall be established between industrial
and adjacent incompatible uses of land.
14.4.4 f) The direction of wind patterns and the absence of
tradewinds shall be considered in the siting of industrial areas.
LAND STAND
147
1971
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LAND USE STANDARDS
1989
Areas shall be located in such a manner that traffic generated
by high density development will not be required to travel
through areas of lesser density en route to principal community
facilities.
Areas shall be protected from incompatible uses by transition
zones.
Provide adequate access to arterial streets, shopping facilities,
schools, employment centers, and other services.
Development shall not be permitted in natural hazard areas
unless proper on -site improvements are provided.
Development shall be located in areas where public utilities can
be economically provided at a level adequate to meet the
demand for the concentrated service.
Recreational area and/or facilities shall be considered in
multiple residential development.
SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL
There shall be a transitional area between single-family
residential areas and incompatible uses.
Major traffic routes shall not be located through single-family
residential areas.
Areas shall have basic improvements and amenities necessary
for immediate use.
Areas shall be limited to low -density and medium density
residential uses.
RESORT
2005
14.5.4 a) Areas shall be located in such a manner that traffic
generated by high density development will not be required to
travel through areas of lesser density en route to principal
community facilities.
14.5.4 b) Areas shall be protected from incompatible uses by
transition zones.
14.5.4 c) Provide adequate access to arterial streets, shopping
facilities, schools, employment centers, and other services.
14.5.4 d) Development shall not be permitted in natural hazard
areas unless proper on -site improvements are provided.
14.5.4 e) Development shall be located in areas where public
utilities can be economically provided at a level adequate to
meet the demand for the concentrated service.
14.5.4 f) Recreational area and/or facilities shall be considered
in multiple residential development.
14.6.4 a) There shall be a transitional area between
single-family residential areas and incompatible uses.
14.6.4 b) Major traffic routes shall not be located through
single-family residential areas.
14.6.4 c) Areas shall have basic improvements and amenities
necessary for immediate use.
LAND STAND
148
1971
29
LAND USE STANDARDS
1989
Destination Resort community
A destination resort is a self contained resort destination area
which provides basic and support facilities for both the needs of
the entire development and the surrounding regional area. Such
facilities shall include employee housing. recreational facilities.
regional civic center facilities. other community facilities serving
the region. Basic infrastructure needs such as water. sewer and
roads, for the entire development shall be provided.:
The designation of any destination resort community shall be
established through a formal General Plan Amendment
accompanied by an Environmental Impact Statement.
Maximum hotel and condominium -hotel units: to be
determined in conjunction with the adoption of a master plan
for the destination resort community's zoning.
Resort Acreage: to be determined in conjunction with the
adoption of a master Plan for the destination resort
community's zoning.
Active and Passive recreation area: to be determined in
conjunction with the adoption of a master plan for the
destination resort community's zoning.
Residential acreage: acreage shall include areas for employee
housing and/or affordable housing and shall be determined in
conjunction with the adoption of a master Plan for the
destination resort community's zoning.
The required employee housing ratio and method of provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative area and with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two hotel units built.
2005
14.7.4 a) Major Resort Area
A major resort area is a self-contained resort destination area
that provides basic and support facilities for the needs of the
entire development. Such facilities shall include sewer, water,
roads, employee housing and recreational facilities, etc. A major
resort area is designated as a Resort node or part of a Resort
node on the Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide Map.
• Maximum visitor units: 3,000 units.
• Resort acreage: 90 acres minimum.
• Active and passive recreation areas: 50 acres minimum.
• Either participate in an off -site housing program or a
maximum of 640 acres for residential use when other zoned
lands are not available in close proximity for support use.
• The required employee housing ratio and method of provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative area and with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two visitor units built.
LAND STAND
149
1971
30
31
LAND USE STANDARDS
1989
Major Resort Area
A major resort area is a self-contained resort destination area
which provides basic and support facilities for the needs of the
entire development. Such facilities shall include sewer, water,
roads, employee housing and recreational facilities, etc.:
Maximum hotel and condominium hotel units: 3,000 rooms.
Resort acreage: 90 acres minimum.
Active and passive recreation areas: minimum.
Either participate in an off -site housing program or a maximum
of 640 acres for residential use when other zoned lands are not
available in close proximity for support use.
The required employee housing ratio and method of Provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative area and with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two hotel units built.
Intermediate Resort Area
An intermediate resort area is a self-contained resort
destination area which provides basic and support facilities for
the needs of the entire development on a smaller scale than a
major resort area. Such facilities shall include sewer, water,
roads, employee housing and recreational facilities, etc.:
Maximum hotel and condominium -hotel units: 1,500 rooms.
Resort acreage: 45 acres minimum.
Active and passive recreation area: 25 acres minimum.
Either participate in an off -site housing program or a maximum
of 320 acres for residential use when other zoned lands are not
available in close proximity for support use.
The required employee housing ratio and method of Provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative area and with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two hotel units built.
2005
14.7.4 b) Intermediate Resort Area
An intermediate resort area is a self-contained resort
destination area that provides basic and support facilities for
the needs of the entire development on a smaller scale than a
major resort area. Such facilities shall include sewer, water,
roads, employee housing and recreational facilities, etc.
• Maximum visitor units: 1,500 units.
• Resort acreage: 45 acres minimum.
• Active and passive recreation area: 25 acres minimum.
• Either participate in an off -site housing program or a
maximum of 320 acres for residential use when other zoned
lands are not available in close proximity for support use.
• The required employee housing ratio and method of provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative area and with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two visitor units built.
14.7.4 c) Minor Resort
A minor resort area shall not exceed the density of an
intermediate resort area.
• Maximum visitor units: 500 units.
• Provide active and passive recreation area commensurate
with the scale of development.
• The required employee housing ratio and method of provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative area and with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two visitor units built.
LAND STAND
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1971
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LAND USE STANDARDS
1989
Minor Resort
A minor resort area shall not exceed the density of an
intermediate resort area and is generally an area with many
small property owners or an isolated resort development
without sufficient land area to develop into a self-contained
destination area.
Maximum Hotel and Condominium
Hotel Units: 500 Rooms. Resort acreage: 35 acres minimum
Provide active and passive recreation area commensurate with
the scale of development.
The required employee housing ratio and method of provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative areaand with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two hotel units built.
Retreat Resort Area
A retreat resort area is generally an area which provides the
user with rest, quiet, and isolation for an environmental
experience. It shall have sewer, water, roads, employee housing,
and recreational facilities, etc.:
Maximum hotel and condominium hotel units: up to 100 rooms
to be determined in conjunction with retreat resort area's
zoning.
Resort acreage: 15 acres minimum.
Provide active and passive recreation area commensurate with
the scale of development.
The required employee housing ratio and method of provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative area and with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two hotel units built.
OPEN SPACE
Forest Reserves
Water Areas
Potential Natural Hazard Areas
Natural Areas and Reserves
Open Space Recreation Areas
2005
14.7.4 d) Retreat Resort Area
A retreat resort area is generally an area that provides the user
with rest, quiet and isolation for an environmental experience. It
shall have sewer, water, roads, employee housing, and
recreational facilities, etc.
• Maximum visitor units: 50 units.
• Resort acreage: 15 acres minimum.
• Provide active and passive recreation area commensurate
with the scale of development.
• The required employee housing ratio and method of provision
shall be determined by an analysis of housing needs of each
district or relative area and with the adoption of the resort
zoning; provided that the ratio shall not exceed one employee
unit for every two visitor units built.
14.8.4 a) Forest Reserves
14.8.4 b) Water Areas
14.8.4 c) Potential Natural Hazard Areas
14.8.4 d) Natural Areas and Reserves
14.8.4 e) Open Space Recreation Areas
LAND STAND
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1971
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LAND USE STANDARDS
1989
Scenic Vistas and Viewplanes
2005
14.8.4 f) Scenic Vistas and Viewplanes
General Use Conversation Sub -zones with Compatible Uses 14.8.4 g) General Use Conversation 5ub-zones with Compatible
Uses
Scientific Areas, including Habitats of Endemic Species 14.8.4 h) Scientific Areas, including Habitats of Endemic Species
PUBLIC LANDS
Public lands with unique recreational and natural resources shall 14.9.4 a) Public lands with unique recreational and natural
be maintained for public use. resources shall be maintained for public use.
LAND STAND
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1971
1989
AGRICULTURAL
PUNA
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
The County shall work closely with the State and private
interestsin
identifying additional lands suitable for growing papaya
3 and other commodities. Assist in the provision of water in agricultural areas
Assist in the further development of diversified
4 Water shall be provided in agricultural areas. agriculture in the district.
S. HILO
The County shall provide for agricultural areas within
proximity to the
city for products consumed locally.
LAND COA
2005 GP 2045 GP
Community Character & Land Use Compatibility
9.a Develop a process for County -initiated State land use
boundary reclassification to best align State Land Use
_ with County long-range plans.
14.2.4.1.2 a) Assist in the further development of 9.b Create village plans for unique urban areas that
agriculture. include considerations for urban design, aesthetic
quality, and the protection of amenities in adjacent areas
through landscaping, open space, and buffer areas.
9.c Develop subdivision standards that make a
distinction between agricultural, rural, and urban land
uses.
9.d Define the types of open space that are sought to be
protected and establish standards to be applied to
ensure its protection.
14.2.4.2.2 a) Encourage buffer zones or compatible uses 9.e Conduct a review and re-evaluation of the real
The County shall provide for agricultural areas within between agricultural and urban/residential areas. property tax structure to simplify and assure
proximity to the city for products consumed locally. compatibility with land use goals and policies.
14.2.4.2.2 b) Support the University of Hawaii at Hilo and 9.f Study the feasibility, issues, and opportunities related
Hawaii Community College aid in their development of to the development of a TOR program to strategically
programs that assist agriculture. preserve open space and achieve density to remain
consistent with the land use pattern in accordance with
7 Necessary capital shall be provided to agricultural areas. Necessary capital shall be provided to agricultural areas. the General Plan Land Use Maps.
Disallow further incompatible uses between agricultural The County shall encourage buffer zones or compatible Integration of Natural Systems Planning
8 and urban uses. uses between agricultural and urban/residential areas.
The County shall support the University in Hilo and aid in The County shall support the University of Hawaii at Hilo
their development and aid in their development of programs which assist
9 of programs which assist agriculture. agriculture.
101
Encourage sugar plantations and other large landowners
in the district
to make prime agricultural lands available fortruck
11 farming.
Assist in the further development of diversified
12 agriculture in the district.
13
NORTH HILO/HAMAI(UA
Encourage large landowners in the district to make
surplus important agricultural lands available for
diversified agriculture.
Assist in the future development of diversified
agriculture in the district.
Encourage large landowners in the district to make
surplus important agricultural lands available for
diversified agriculture.
14.2.4.3.2 a) Encourage large landowners to make
agricultural lands available for agriculture.
10.a Amend the Zoning Code to create a category for
lands that should mostly be kept in a natural state, but
that may not be in the Conservation District, such as
certain important view planes, buffer areas, and very
steep slopes. The zoning category should include
reasonable land uses.
10.1b Amend the Zoning Code and Subdivision Code to
allow CPDs to be applied to all zoning districts with
appropriate building site standards.
10.c Collaborate with the State Office of Planning and
Sustainable Development (OPSD) to create criteria to
help identify and protect Native Hawaiian customary and
traditional practices.
Equitable Planning & Decision-Malcing
11.a Collaborate with the 5HPD to create clear guidance
to be used when reviewing a project related to the
identification of cultural sites and practices.
153
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1971 1989
Assist in the further development of diversified
14 agriculture in the district.
N.KOHALA
15
The County shall assist the development of alternative
agricultural uses
of sugar lands and facilities affected by the termination Assist in the further development of diversified
16 of sugar operations. agriculture in the district.
The County shall encourage and assist the expansion of Encourage the maintenance of and the more intensive
the cattle industry utilization of the Kohala Ditch irrigation system for
17 and support facilities. agricultural production.
Macadamia nut and truck fanning endeavors in North Support the development of private and State
Kohala should be agricultural parks as a means of making agricultural land
18 encouraged to expand. available for commercial agricultural activities.
The County shall encourage the growing of new crops
19 such as corn, sorghum, and seed crops in North Kohala
20I
Through zoning the County shall protect prime
agricultural lands from
21 urbanization.
The County shall assist agriculture by providing water
systems through
22 the Capital Improvements Program.
The County shall consider the development of larger
farms which rely
23 more on mechanization and skilled laborers.
S.KOHALA
Through zoning the County shall protect important
agricultural lands from urban encroachment.
Assist in the provision of water in agricultural areas.
The County shall encourage buffer zones or compatible
uses between important agricultural land and adjacent
uses of land.
N. KONA & S. KONA
LAND COA
2005 GP 2045 GP
11.1b Implement efficiencies to make development
decisions predictable, fair, and cost-effective.
11.c Evaluate concurrency requirements that would
impose reasonable and fair infrastructure concurrency
requirements on all developments.
14.2.4.4.2 a) Encourage the maintenance and more
intensive utilization ofthe Kohala Ditch irrigation system
for agricultural production.
14.2.4.4.2 b) Support the development of private and
State agricultural parks as a means of making
agricultural land available for commercial agricultural
activities.
14.2.4.4.2 c) In reviewing Special Permit applications,
rezonings, and other land use changes in the Agricultural
District, great care should be given to preserve existing
viewplanes to and along the coastline.
14.2.4.5.2 a) Protect important agricultural lands from
urban encroachment.
14.2.4.5.2 b) Encourage buffer zones or compatible uses
between important agricultural land and adjacent uses
of land.
24
14.2.4.6.2 a) Protect important agricultural lands within
The County shall protect important agricultural lands the Kona Coffee Belt from urban encroachment through
25 The County shall protect prime agricultural lands in Kona. within the Kona Coffee Belt. the use of zoning and other mechanisms.
14.2.4.6.2 b) Encourage the University of Hawaii at Hilo
Studies to develop sources of irrigation water for The University of Hawaii at Hilo shall be encouraged to to accelerate research on agricultural, aquaculture and
agriculture shall be accelerate research on agricultural products which are or forestry products that are or could be of economic value
26 conducted. could be of economic value to Kona. to Kona.
11.d Amend the Zoning Code to allow for PUD to become
administrative permits and subject to the approval of the
Planning Director.
11.e Provide flexibility within the Zoning Code to
accommodate emerging new industries through Use
Permits or allow new uses that do not conflict with the
purpose and intent of the existing zoned district.
11.f Update traffic impact analysis requirements to
include alternative evaluations to the level of service
outcomes, such as vehicle miles traveled and alternative
transportation metrics.
Reduce Threats from Natural Hazards &
Disasters
12.a Update the Building Code to maintain cost-effective
standards to resist hazards and reduce carbon footprint.
12.1b Adopt natural hazard overlay zones and set
appropriate conditions for land use, siting, and design
within high -risk hazard zones.
12.c Amend the Zoning Code to establish building
setbacks for coastal and inland cliffs.
12.d Collaborate with the Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) to regularly update flood
studies and refine flood zone designations.
12.e Review and amend land use policies to reduce risk
from hazards including but not limited to floodplains,
high surf, tsunami, landslides, erosion, wildfires, and
high -risk volcanic hazard areas.
12.f Study the feasibility, issues, and opportunities of a
TDR program to incentivize development away from
high -risk hazard areas.
12.g Amend the Zoning Code to include a science -based
shoreline setback to address climate change and sea
level rise.
154
1971
The University shall be encouraged to accelerate
research on agricultural
products which are or could be of economic value to
27 Kona.
28
29
Encourage C. Brewer to develop the agricultural potential
30 of the area.
31 Assist in the development of water sources.
32
33
Centralization of commercial activities in Keaau and
34 Pahoa shall be encouraged.
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1989
Assist in the provision of water in agricultural areas.
The County shall encourage buffer zones or compatible
uses between important agricultural land and adjacent
uses of land.
KA'U
Assist in the provision of water in agricultural areas.
Encourage and support the expansion of diversified
agriculture and the macadamia nut industry in the
district.
COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT
PUNA
Centralization of commercial activities in Pahoa shall be
encouraged.
2005 GP
14.2.4.6.2 c) Encourage buffer zones or compatible uses
between important agricultural land and adjacent uses
of land.
14.2.4.7.2 a) Encourage and support the expansion of
agriculture, including forestry and the macadamia nut
industry.
14.3.5.1.2 a) Centralization of commercial activities in
Pahoa Town, rather than along the Pahoa By -Pass, to
serve the residents of Lower Puna shall be encouraged.
2045 GP
Urban Growth
LAND COA
13.a Incorporate innovations such as "mixed -use zones"
into the Zoning Code.
13.b Incorporate flexibility in codes and ordinances to
achieve a diversity of socio-economic housing mix and to
permit an aesthetic balance between residential
structures and open spaces.
13.c Amend the Subdivision Code to ensure block sizes
are based on land use and the character of the area.
13.d Initiate rezonings that promote infill to ensure
connectivity and provide mixed -use opportunities to
make the area more pedestrian -oriented.
13.e Amend Zoning Code to:
i. Establish a TOD overlay zone project district with a
minimum size of 15 acres.
ii. Create a TND overlay zone for existing zoned lands
within identified residential and commercial zoning
districts.
iii. Allow for residential uses in MIL and MCX zoning
districts.
iv. Support innovative uses of alternative energy,
agriculture, aquaculture, and others, in MCX zoning
districts.
v. Clearly distinguish between general industrial and
service industrial types.
vi. Establish urban open space standards.
vii. Create Industrial Project Districts and Innovation
Centers.
Rural
14.a Amend the Zoning Code definition and
requirements for Lodges and reconcile similarities and
inconsistencies with the special permit provisions for
Retreats. Clearly articulate in the Code the zoning
districts appropriate for Lodges.
155
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1971 1989 2005 GP
14.3.5.1.2 b) Expanded commercial services to meet the
needs of population growth in the Puna district shall be
Rehabilitation of existing commercial development in Expanded commercial services to meet the needs of encouraged in Keaau.
appropriate locations population growth in the Puna district shall be
35 shall be encouraged. encouraged in the area of I(eaau.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need Rehabilitation of existing commercial development in
36 arises. appropriate locations shall be encouraged.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
37 arises.
38
39
Rehabilitation, renewal, and redevelopment of the
central business district must he undertaken. Continual
improvement of other existing commercial areas must
40 also be assured.
Assistance to small businesses in obtaining loans and
management
education classes and manpower training programs
41 shall be encouraged.
Controls that discourage speculation shall be
42 established.
43
44
S.H ILO
Rehabilitation, renewal, and redevelopment of
downtown Hilo must be undertaken. Continual
improvement of other existing commercial areas must
also be assured.
Assistance to small businesses in obtaining loans and
management education classes and manpower training
programs shall be encouraged.
Controls that discourage speculation shall be
established.
Appropriately located commercial zoned lands shall be
allocated as the need arises.
14.3.5.1.2 c) Rehabilitation of existing commercial
development in appropriate locations shall be
encouraged.
14.3.5.1.2 d) Approximately zoned lands shall be
allocated as the need arises.
14.3.5.1.2 e) Allowthe establishment of small
neighborhood commercial areas within existing
non -confirming, residential -agricultural (rural)
subdivisions.
14.3.5.2.2 a) Continue to pursue the rehabilitation,
renewal, and redevelopment of downtown Hilo.
Continual improvement of other existing commercial
areas must also be assured.
14.3.5.2.2 b) Assistance to small businesses in obtaining
loans and management education classes and
manpower training programs shall be encouraged.
14.3.5.2.2 c) Controls that discourage speculation shall
be established.
14.3.5.2.2 d) Appropriately located commercial zoned
lands shall be allocated as the need arises.
14.3.5.2.2 e) Commercial zoned lands in proximity to the
Commercial zoned lands in proximity to the University of University of Hawaii at Hilo shall be allocated as the need
Hawaii at Hilo shall be allocated as the need arises. arises.
LAND COA
2045 GP
14.1b Amend the zoning districts currently listed as
Family Agricultural District (FA) and the Residential and
Agricultural Districts (RA) to be consistent with the Rural
designation and to allow for home occupations that do
not negatively impact rural character.
14.c Amend the Zoning Code to allow telecommuting
and home -based businesses that rely on the internet as
permitted accessory uses to residential uses when
operated in compliance with cottage industry
performance standards.
14.d Amend the Zoning Code and Subdivision Code to
establish Clustered Rural Subdivision PUD.
Agriculture
15.a Amend the Zoning Code to develop standards for
permitting certified incubators or commercial kitchens in
Rural or Agricultural districts.
15.1b Conduct a studyto review a maximum developable
area consideration for properties designated as
Productive Agricultural lands.
15.c Create and adopt a County Agricultural Tourism
program.
15.d Amend the County Code to allow agriculture worker
housing to be permitted where the employee's primary
occupation is working on a specific farm but where the
housing and the farm are not on the same parcel.
15.e Update the Real Property Tax Code for agricultural
land uses that result in actual production or other public
benefits, such as native forestry and the ecosystem
services that result from well- managed rangelands.
15.f Amend the Zoning Code to require Plan Approval for
commercial open area recreational uses in the
Agricultural District.
156
1971
45
46
Centralization of commercial activities in the Lau
pahoehoe-Papaaloa
47 area shall be encouraged.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
48 arises.
49
50
Centralization of commercial activities in the Honokaa
area shall be encouraged.
Urban renewal of the area shall be undertaken. Suitable
commercially
51 zoned lands shall be provided as the need arises.
The County shall encourage community beautification
52 efforts.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
53 arises.
54
The development of a commercial core shall be
55 encouraged.
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1989
N. HILO
Centralization of commercial activities in the
Laupahoehoe-Papaaloa area shall be encouraged.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
arises.
HAMAKUA
Centralization of commercial activities in the Honokaa
area shall be encouraged. Urban renewal of the area
shall be undertaken.
Suitable commercially zoned lands shall be provided as
the need arises.
The County shall encourage community beautification
efforts.
N.KOHALA
The development of a commercial core shall be
encouraged.
56 Continual improvement of facilities shall be undertaken. Continual improvement of facilities shall be undertaken.
57
58
59
S.KOHALA
2005 GP
14.3.5.2.2 f) Within the Waiakea House lots "medium
density" area, commercial development shall he focused
on the major streets --- I<el(uanaoa, Milani, Manono, and
Lanikaula, while the interior blocks should be zoned
primarilyforsingle-and multifamilyresidential use.
14.3.5.3.2 a) Centralization of commercial activities s in
the Laupahoehoe-Papaaloa area shall be encouraged.
14.3.5.3.2 b) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
as the need arises.
14.3.5.3.2 c) Do not allow strip or spot commercial
development on the highway outside of the primary
commercial area.
14.3.5.4.2 a) Centralization of commercial activities in
the Honokaa area shall be encouraged. Urban renewal of
the area should be undertaken.
14.3.5.4.2 b) Suitable commercially zoned lands shall be
provided as the need arises.
14.3.5.4.2 c) Encourage commercial activities within
Honokaa town to promote and enhance the history and
culture of the paniolo and former sugar plantation.
14.3.5.5.2 a) The development of a commercial core
within the towns of Hawi or I(apaau shall be encouraged.
14.3.5.5.2 h) Continual improvement of commercial
facilities shall be undertaken.
14.3.5.5.2 c) Develop and encourage the use of special
design districts in Hawi and Kapaau that include
guidelines to preserve, protect and enhance the rural and
historic qualities of the commercial areas.
14.3.5.5.2 d) Do not allow strip or spot commercial
development on the highway outside of the designated
urban areas.
LAND COA
2045 GP
15.g Evaluate the Zoning Code relating to livestock
production such as piggeries, apiaries, and pen feeding
based on modern practices and potential impacts on
adjacent uses.
15.h Develop standards and guidelines for buffer areas
located adjacent to agricultural lands.
15.i Develop a program and incentives, including
proposed resources (e.g., grants, loans, technical
assistance, education) that support small-scale farmers,
the lease of public lands, and learn opportunities to
become effective stewards of the land.
15.j Collaborate with USDA and the State to enable
farmers to bring local meat to local markets.
157
1971
The establishment of Waimea as a regional commercial
center for northern
60 Hawaii shall be encouraged.
Controls to insure orderly development and minimize
speculation of commercially
61 zoned lands shall be established.
62
Centralize commercial activities in existing urban
64 centers.
Controls to prevent speculative practices on
commercially zoned lands
65 shall be established.
Appropriately zoned lands shall he provided as the need
66 arises.
Implementation of programs to correct existing
deficiencies shall be
67 undertaken.
Centralize commercial activities in existing urban
68 centers.
Controls to prevent speculative practices on
commercially zoned lands
69 shall be established.
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1989
The establishment of Waimea as a regional commercial
center for northern Hawaii shall be encouraged.
Controls to insure orderly development and minimize
speculation of commercially zoned lands may be
established.
N. KONA
Controls to prevent speculative practices on
commercially zoned lands may be established
Implementation of programs to correct existing
deficiencies shall be undertaken.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be provided as the
need arises.
S. KONA
2005 GP
14.3.5.6.2 a) The establishment of Waimea as a regional
commercial center for northern Hawaii shall be
encouraged.
14.3.5.6.2 b) Establish controls to insure orderly
development and minimize speculation of commercially
zoned lands.
14.3.5.6.2 c) Continue the concentration of commercial
uses in Waimea, Kawaihae, Waikoloa Village, and in the
resort areas. Do not allow strip or spot commercial
development on highways outside of these primary
commercial areas.
14.3.5.7.2 a) Controls to prevent speculative practices on
commercially zoned lands may be established.
14.3.5.7.2 b) Implementation of programs to correct
existing deficiencies shall be undertaken.
14.3.5.7.2 c) Appropriately zoned lands shall be provided
as the need arises.
Centralize commercial activities in existing rural centers. 14.3.5.8.2 a) Centralize commercial activities in existing
town centers.
14.3.5.8.2 b) Appropriately zoned lands shall be provided
Appropriately zoned lands shall be provided as the need as the need arises.
arises.
70 Appropriately zoned lands shall he provided as the need arises.
Implementation of programs to correct existing
deficiencies shall be
71 undertaken.
Centralization of commercial activity in the communities
of Pahala and
Naalehu and in the area of the Volcanoes National Park
72 shall be encouraged.
KA'U
Centralization of commercial activity in the communities
of Phala and Naalehu and in the area of the Volcanoes
National Park shall be encouraged.
14.3.5.8.2 c) Allowthe development of small-scale
visitor -oriented commercial facilities along Ke Ala 0
Keawe Road (City of Refuge Road) leading to Pu'uhonua
0 Honaunau National Historic Park.
14.3.5.9.2 a) Centralization of commercial activity in the
communities of Pahala, Naalehu and
Ocean View and the area of the Volcanoes National Park
shall be encouraged.
2045 GP
LAND COA
158
1971
73
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
74 industrial activities.
75
76
Through its zoning powers, the County shall encourage
the centralization
of industrial activities in the Kanoelehua Industrial area
Noxious
industries shall be located away from residential and
77 related areas.
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
78 industrial activities.
79
80
81
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
82 industrial activities.
83
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
84 industrial activity.
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1989
INDUSTRIAL
PUNA
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
industrial activities.
S. HILO
Through its zoning powers, the County shall encourage
the centralization of industrial activities in the
Kanoelehua Industrial area. Noxious industries shall be
located awayfrom residential and related areas.
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
industrial activities.
The County shall encourage the State and the
Department of Hawaiian Home Lands to develop
industrial zoned lands in the Kanoelehua Industrial area
and airport industrial area.
The County shall allocate appropriately zoned lands.
N. HILO
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
industrial activities.
HAMAKUA
The County shall encourage community beautification
efforts.
2005 GP
14.3.5.9.2 b) Do not allow strip or spot commercial
development on the highway outside of the designated
urban areas.
14.4.5.1.2 a) Identify sites suitable for future industrial
activities as the need arises.
14.4.5.1.2 b) Industrial -commercial mixed use districts
may be provided in appropriate locations.
14.4.5.1.2 c) Service oriented Limited Industrial and/or
Industrial -Commercial uses may be permitted in Pahoa
although the area is not currently identified in the LUPAG
map.
14.4.5.2.2 a) Encourage the centralization of industrial
activities in the Kanoelehua Industrial area. Noxious
industries shall be located awayfrom residential and
related areas.
14.4.5.2.2 b) Identify sites suitable forfuture industrial
activities as the need arises.
14.4.5.2.2 c) Encourage the State and the Department of
Hawaiian Home Lands to develop industrial zoned lands
in the Kanoelehua Industrial area and airport industrial
area.
14.4.5.2.2 d) Allocate appropriately zoned lands.
14.4.5.2.2 e) Industrial -commercial mixed use districts
may be provided at appropriate locations.
14.4.5.3.2 a) Identify sites suitable for future industrial
activities as the need arises.
14.4.5.3.2 b) Service oriented Limited Industrial and/or
Industrial -Commercial uses may he permitted in the
Laupahoehoe-Papaaloa area although the area is not
currently identified on the LUPAG map.
14.4.5.4.2 a) Identify sites suitable for future industrial
activity as the need arises.
2045 GP
LAND COA
159
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1971 1989 2005 GP
The County shall encourage the rehabilitation of existing 14.4.5.4.2 b) Encourage the rehabilitation of existing
service -oriented The County shall encourage the rehabilitation of service -oriented industrial areas.
85 industrial activities. existing service -oriented industrial activities.
N.KOHALA
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
14.4.5.5.2 a) Identify sites suitable for future industrial
86 industrial activities.
industrial activity.
activity as the need arises.
14.4.5.5.2 b) Service oriented Limited Industrial and/or
Industrial -Commercial uses may be permitted in the
Hawi area although the area is not currently identified on
87
the LUPAG map.
S.KOHALA
The County shall encourage the development of a
14.4.5.6.2 a) Encourage the development of a regional
regional industrial park
The County shall encourage the development of a
industrial park at Kawaihae and centralize limited
at Kawaihae and centralize limited industrial activities in
regional industrial park at Kawaihae and centralize
industrial activities in Waimea.
88 Waimea.
limited industrial activities in Waimea.
Industrial development should be in harmony with
Industrial development should be in harmony with
14.4.5.6.2 b) Industrial development should be in
89 surrounding uses.
surrounding uses and the environment.
harmony with surrounding uses and the environment.
14.4.5.6.2 c) Identify sites suitable for future industrial
90 The County shall identify sites suitable for future industrial activities.
activities as the need arises.
N. KONA
Through its zoning powers, the County shall encourage
14.4.5.7.2 a) Identify sites suitable for future industrial
the centralization
activities.
of industrial development in suitable areas in North and
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
91 South Kona.
industrial activities.
14.4.5.7.2 b) Additional industrial acreage should be
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
Industrial acreage should he provided at Keahole for
provided at the Kona International Airport at Keahole for
92 industrial activities.
support facilities forthe airport.
support facilities for the airport.
Industrial acreage should be provided at Keahole for
14.4.5.7.2 c) Industrial development should be in
support facilities
Industrial development should be in harmony with
harmony with surrounding uses and the environment.
93 for the airport.
surround uses ad the environment.
14.4.5.7.2 d) Industrial -commercial mixed use districts
94 may be provided in appropriate locations.
14.4.5.7.2 e) Service oriented Limited Industrial and/or
Industrial -Commercial uses may be permitted in the
Kainaliu-Honalo area although the area is not currently
95 identified on the LUPAG map.
5. KONA
Through its zoning powers, the County shall encourage 14.4.5.8.2 a) Identify sites suitable for future industrial
the centralization Through its zoning powers, the County shall encourage activities as the need arises.
of industrial development in suitable areas in North and the centralization of industrial development in suitable
96 South Kona. areas in South Kona.
2045 GP
LAND COA
160
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1971 1989 2005 GP
14.4.5.8.2 b) Service oriented Limited Industrial and/or
Industrial Commercial uses may be permitted in the
The County shall identify sites suitable for future The County shall identify sites suitable for future Kealakekua-Captain Cook area although the area is not
97 industrial activities. industrial activities. currently identified on the LUPAG map.
Industrial acreage should be provided at Ke-ahole for
support facilities
98 fortheairport.
KA'U
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
99 industrial activities.
100
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
for multiple
101 residential development increases.
The County shall identify sites suitable for future
industrial activities.
MULTIPLE RESIDENTIAL
PUNA
Appropriately zoned lands shall he allocated as the need
for multiple residential development increases.
S. HILO
Re-evaluation of existing zoned areas and re -allocation
Re-evaluation of existing zoned areas and
of lands
re -allocation of lands in appropriate locations shall be
102 in appropriate locations shall be undertaken.
undertaken.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
for multiple
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
102 residential development increases.
for multiple residential development increases.
N. HILO
Although the North Hilo district is not projected to
witness any extensive
Although the North Hilo district is not projected to
need for multiple residential development, appropriately
witness any extensive need for multiple residential
zoned lands
development, appropriately zoned lands shall be
104 shall be allocated should the need arise.
allocated should the need arise.
105 Rehabilitation of existing facilities shall be encouraged.
F_
HAMAKUA
Appropriatley zoned lands shall be allocated as the need Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the
106 for mulitple residential development increases. need for multiple residential development increases.
N.KOHALA
14.4.5.9.2 a) Identify sites suitable for future industrial
activities as the need arises.
14.4.5.9.2 b) Service oriented Limited Industrial and/or
Industrial -Commercial uses may be permitted in the
Naalehu area although the area is not currently identified
on the LUPAG map.
14.5.5.1.2 a) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
as the need for multiple residential development
increases_
14.5.5.2.2 a) Re-evaluation of existing zoned areas and
re -allocation of lands in appropriate locations shall be
undertaken.
14.5.5.2.2 b) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
as the need for multiple residential development
increases.
14.5.5.3.2 a) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
should the need arise.
14.5.5.4.2 a) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
as the need for multiple residential development
increases.
2045 GP
LAND COA
161
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1971 1989 2005 GP
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need 14.5.5.5.2 a) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
for multiple Appropriately zoned lands shall he allocated as the as the need for multiple residential development
107 residential development increases. need for multiple residential development increases. increases.
S.KOHALA
Basic amenities shall be provided to those areas zoned 14.5.5.6.2 a) Basic infrastructure shall be provided to
for high density Basic amenities shall be provided to those areas zoned those areas zoned for higher density use.
108 use. for higher density use.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need 14.5.5.6.2 b) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
109 arises. arises. as the need arises.
N. KONA & S. KONA
Re-evaluation of existing zoned areas and re -allocation
of lands in appropriate
110 locations shall be undertaken.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
for multiple
111 residential development increases.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the need
for multiple
112 residential development arises.
The County shall encourage the sugar Company to make
available on the
private market its undeveloped residential zoned lands
in Keaau and
113 Pahoa.
Encourage and aid the agricultural industry in continuing
to provide
114 employee housing.
115
The County shall encourage the use of undeveloped
zoned lands makai
116 of Komohana Street.
Re-evaluation of existing zoned areas and
re -allocation of lands in appropriate locations shall
be undertaken.
Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated as the
need for multiple residential development increases.
KA'U
Appropriately zoned lands shall he allocated as the
need for multiple residential development increases.
SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL
PUNA
The county shall work with community groups to explore
possible avenues for financing infrastructural
improvements within the non -conforming subdivisions.
Encourage and aid the agricultural industry in continuing
to provide employee housing.
Improve and develop roadways, water and sewerage
systems. and other basic facilities necessary to
encourage development of lands suitable for residential
use.
S. HILO
14.5.5.7.2 a) Re-evaluation of existing zoned areas and
re -allocation of lands in appropriate locations shall be
undertaken.
14.5.5.7.2 b) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
as the need for multiple residential development
increases.
14.5.5.8.2 a) Appropriately zoned lands shall be allocated
as the need for multiple residential development
increases.
14.6.5.1.2 a) Work with community groups to explore
possible avenues for financing infrastructural
improvements within the non -conforming subdivisions.
14.6.5.1.2 b) Encourage and aid the agricultural industry
in continuing to provide employee housing.
14.6.5.1.2 c) Improve and develop roadways, water and
sewerage systems, and other basic facilities necessary to
encourage development of lands suitable for residential
use.
Improve substandard residential roadways through the 14.6.5.2.2 a) Improve substandard residential roadways
County's Capital Improvement Program or by through the County's Capital Improvement Program or by
Improvement District. Improvement District.
2045 GP
LAND COA
162
1971
Improve substandard residential roadways through the
County' s Capital
117 Improvement Program or by Improvement District.
The County shall encourage the sugar company to make
available on the
private market its undeveloped residential zoned lands
118 in Laupahoehoe.
Due to geologic and topographic conditions, the County
shall encourage
more innovative types of housing developments, such as
cluster and
119 planned unit developments.
Urban areas shall continue to be Ninole and Dol<ala as
120 well as Laupahoehoe.
The County shall aid and encourage the sugar companies
to continue
to make available on the private market its undeveloped
single-family
residential lands in Honokaa for employee housing and
the private
121 market.
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1989 2005 GP
N. HILO
14.6.5.3.2 a) Encourage more innovative types of
The County shall encourage the sugar company to make housing developments, such as cluster and planned unit
available on that private market its undeveloped developments.
residential zoned lands in Laupahoehoe.
Due to geologic and topographic conditions, the County
shall encourage more innovative types of housing
developments, such as cluster and planned unit
developments.
Urban areas shall continue to be Ninole and Dokala as
well as the Laupahoehoe and Papaaloa area.
HAMAKUA
The County shall aid and encourage the sugar company
to continue to make available on the private market its
undeveloped single-family residential lands in Honokaa
for employee housing and the private market.
N.KOHALA
14.6.5.3.2 b) Urban areas shall continue to be Ninole and
Dokala as well as the Laupahoehoe-Papaaloa area.
14.6.5.4.2 a) Designate lands for single farnily use as the
need arises.
The County shall encourage the concentration of
The County shall encourage the concentration of
14.6.5.5.2 a) Aid and encourage major landowners to
residential structures to
residential structures to avoid strip residential
make available residential lands in the area for employee
122 avoid strip residential development.
development.
housing and the private market.
The County shall aid and encourage industry to make
available residential
The County shall aid and encourage industry to make
lands in the area for employee housing and the private
available residential lands in the area for employee
123 market.
housing and the private market.
S.KOHALA
Encourage the development of State lands for houselots.
Encourage the development of appropriately located and
14.6.5.6.2 a) Encourage the development of
service State-owned, Hawaiian Home Lands and
appropriately located and serviced State-owned,
privately -held lands for houselots.
Hawaiian Home Lands and privately -held lands for
124
houselots.
N. KONA & S. KONA
Improve roadways and other basic facilities necessary to
Encourage the development of appropriately located and
14.6.5.7.2 a) Encourage the development of
encourage development
serviced privately -held and State-owned lands for
appropriately located and serviced privately -held and
125 of lands suitable for residential use.
houselots.
State-owned lands for houselots.
2045 GP
LAND COA
163
1971
The County shall encourage the concentration of
residential structures
126 to avoid strip residential development.
Due to geologic and topographic conditions, the County
shall encourage
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1989 2005 GP
Improve and develop roadways, water and sewerage 14.6.5.7.2 b) Improve and develop roadways, water and
systems, and other basic facilities necessary to sewerage systems, and other basic facilities necessary to
encourage development of lands suitable for encourage development of lands suitable for residential
residential use. use.
14.6.5.7.2 c) Encourage the concentration of residential
structures to avoid strip residential development.
the use of more innovative types of housing The County shall encourage the concentration of
development, such as zones residential structures to avoid strip residential
127 of mix and cluster and planned unit developments. development.
Due to geologic and topographic conditions, the County 14.6.5.7.2 d) Encourage the use of more innovative types
shall encourage the use of more innovative types of of housing development, such as zones of mix and
housing development, such as zones of mix and cluster cluster and planned unit developments.
128 and planned unit developments.
C I(A'U
The County shall aid and encourage the sugar companies
to make available
its undeveloped single-family zoned lands at Pahala and
Naalehu
129 for employee housing and for the private market.
Primary emphasis on resort development should be in
the Kalapana-
KaImU area. The area will be serviced with a water
system. The sewer
system should be provided by the developer until such
time as a public
130 sewer system is available.
Other isolated developments may be allowed at Pohoiki
and Kapoho
131 when said area is serviced with adequate basic facilities.
Resort development shall complement the character of
132 the area and be consistent with the General Plan.
The County shall aid and encourage the sugar company
to continue to make available on the private market its
undeveloped single-family residential lands in Honokaa
for employee housing and the private market.
RESORT
PUNA
The development of visitor accommodations and any
resort development in the district shall complement the
character of the area and be consistent with the General
Plan.
Consider the development of small family or'bed and
breakfast'type visitor accommodations and small-scale
retreat resort development.
14.6.5.8.2 a) Aid and encourage major landowners to
make available residential lands in the area for employee
housing and the private market.
14.7.5.1.2 a) The development of visitor
accommodations and any resort development in the
district shall complement the character of the area.
14.7.5.1.2 b) Considerthe development of small family
or'bed and breakfast'type visitor accommodations and
small-scale retreat resort development.
S. HILO
Re- evaluate some of the areas currently zoned for resort Re-evaluate some of the areas currently zoned for resort 14.7.5.2.2 a) Re-evaluate areas currently zoned for resort
133 use. use. use.
Improve roadways and sewer and water systems in all Continue to improve roadways and sewer and water 14.7.5.2.2 b) Continue to improve roadways and sewer
areas where high systems in all areas where high density resort uses are and water systems in all areas where high density resort
134 density resort uses are allowed. allowed. uses are allowed.
N. HILO
2045 GP
LAND COA
164
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
1971 1989 2005 GP
Encourage development of small-scale visitor related 14.7.5.3.2 a) Encourage the development of small-scale
facilities near Encourage the development of small-scale visitor visitor related facilities near points of interest.
136 points of interest. related facilities near points of interest.
Encourage more active use of the mauka Forest Reserve
137 areas.
HAMAKUA
Encourage the development of small family -operated
138 hotels.
139 Encourage small- scale retreat resort development.
Encourage resort development which enhances rather
than detracts from
140 the natural beauty of the area.
Possible development of small resort facilities at
141 Mahukona.
Encourage the development of small family -operated
hotels.
Consider the small-scale retreat resort
development.
Encourage resort development which enhances the
natural beauty of the area.
N.KOHALA
Consider possible development of resort facilities at
Mahukona.
Encourage the developments of small family or "bed and
142 Encourage the development of small family -type hotels.
breakfast' type hotels.
143 Encoura e small- scale retreat resort development.
Consider small-scale retreat resort development.
S.KOHALA
Adequate access, sewer and water systems, and other
basic amenities
Adequate access, sewer and water systems, and other
shall be provided in all areas where high density uses are
basic amenities shall be provided in all areas where
144 allowed.
higher density uses are allowed.
Resort developments shall provide public access to
145 beach areas.
N. KONA
146 Implement the Kailua Mall Plan.
147 Discourage strip development along Alii Drive
Re-evaluate some of the areas currently zoned for resort
148 use.
Implement drainage master plan prepared by R. M. Towill
149 Corporation for this General Plan.
Improve and provide adequate roadways, sewer and
water systems, and
other basic amenities in all areas where high density
150 uses are allowed.
Discourage strip development along Alii Drive.
Re-evaluate some of the areas currently zoned for
resort use.
Improve and provide adequate roadways, sewer and
water systems, and other basic amenities in all areas
where higher density uses are allowed.
14.7.5.4.2 a) Encourage the development of small
family -operated hotels.
14.7.5.4.2 b) Consider small-scale retreat resort
development.
14.7.5.4.2 c) Encourage resort development that
enhances the natural beauty of the area.
14.7.5.5.2 a) Encourage the development of small family
type hotels and bed and breakfast establishments.
14.7.5.5.2 b) Consider small-scale retreat resort
development that is consistent with the rural character
and cultural lifestyle of the district.
14.7.5.6.2 a) Adequate access, sewer and water systems,
and other basic amenities shall be provided in all areas
where higher density uses are allowed.
14.7.5.7.2 a) Discourage strip resort development along
Alii Drive.
14.7.5.7.2 h) Re-evaluate some areas currently zoned for
resort use.
14.7.5.7.2 c) Improve and provide adequate roadways,
sewer and water systems, and other basic amenities in
all areas where higher density uses are allowed.
2045 GP
LAND COA
165
1971
1989
S. KONA
LAND USE COURSES OF ACTION
Developments shall blend in with the character of the Developments shall blend in with the character of the
151 area. area.
Require developers to provide basic improvements
152 necessary for development.
Encourage the development of small family -operated
153 hotels.
Implement plans formulated in the West Hawaii Corridor
154 Study.
Require developers to provide the basic improvements
necessaryfor
155 development.
156 Development shall complement the area.
Require developers to provide the basic improvements
necessary for development.
Encourage the development of small family -operated
hotels.
Re-evaluate and if appropriate implement plans
formulated in the West Hawaii Corridor Study.
KA'U
Require developers to provide the basic improvements
necessary for development.
The County shall encourage the development of small
family or "bed and breakfast" type visitor
accommodations.
2005 GP
14.7.5.8.2 a) Developments shall blend in with the
character of the area.
14.7.5.8.2 h) Encourage the development of small
family -operated hotels or bed and breakfast
accommodations.
14.7.5.9.2 a) The development of visitor
accommodations and any resort development shall
complement the character of the area.
14.7.5.9.2 b) Encourage the development of small family
or "bed and breakfast" type visitor accommodations.
2045 GP
LAND COA
166
1971 GP
ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE FOR ISLAND -WIDE HEALTH GOALS
1989 GP 2005 GP
CLIMATE GOALS
2045 GP
Climate Change Goal: Ensure a just transition to a climate resilient
island by addressing the causes and impacts of climate change
through incorporating equitable climate mitigation and adaptation
priorities into policies, programs, infrastructure, and decision -making.
Objective 6: Ensure that climate actions are equitable and uplift
marginalized and disadvantaged communities.
Objective 7: Reduce the County government's carbon footprint to net
zero emissions by 2045.
• Achieve a 100 percent renewable -powered County fleet by 2035.
• Support the statewide effort to achieve 100 percent renewable
ground transportation and 100 percent renewable energy by 2045.
Objective 8: Improve the identification of climate change threats,
assessment of potential consequences, and evaluation of adaptation
options.
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10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
1989 GP
CLIMATE POLICIES
CLIMATE POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
Equitable Climate Actions
6.1 Prioritize and support community -based organizations,
businesses, and programs through County purchasing and
procurement policies.
6.2 Prioritize and support Law- and Moderate -Income (LMI)
Communities through tax incentives, grants, and financial support
provided to community members, organizations, and other related
groups.
6.3 Prioritize projects in communities that experience
disproportionate impacts of climate change.
6.4 Consider financial and time barriers, geographic constraints, and
language accessibility when conducting community Outreach.
6.5 Improve the communication of climate risks and opportunities for
adaptation efforts.
6.6 Support communities to become fire -adapted as they prepare for
climate change.
6.7 Expand urban forestry benefits to disadvantaged communities.
6.B Support social science research and applications to help address
environmental justice and intergenerational equity.
6.9 Integrate Native Hawaiian traditional knowledge and practices in
planning for the impacts of climate change.
Reduce Government's Carbon Footprint
7.1 Incentivize efficiencies that integrate affordable housing and
carbon neutrality.
7.2 Require energy -efficient designs in all new County facilities and
upgrade existing facilities with energy -efficient systems.
7.3 Support building code updates that incentivize energy -efficient
designs and climate -neutral building methods and materials.
7.4 Encourage and incentivize the use of technologies, techniques,
and materials in building design, construction, and removal that
minimize the ecological footprint over the life cycle of the structure.
7.5 Encourage and incentivize large developments to meet energy
sustainability certification standards.
7.6 Strive for energy sustainability certification for new County
buildings or when renovating existing buildings for County use.
7.7 Prioritize energy -efficient designs, energy -efficient systems, and
waste reduction and/or reuse at County facilities.
7.B Evaluate Capital Improvement Projects for energy efficiency and
carbon reduction, including the cost savings related to improved
design.
7.9 Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to develop comprehensive and
coordinated strategies promoting energy and water conservation to
strive for climate resilience.
7.10 When evaluating public investments, including acquisition,
siting, and design, consider the potential of natural areas for carbon
sequestration and provide climate adaptation and mitigation
opportunities.
7.11 Integrate and incentivize urban forestry into all scales of
planning where feasible and compatible with infrastructure.
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CLIMATE POLICIES
CLIMATE POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
7.12 Develop carbon -emission standards and an incentive program
aimed at achieving County carbon emission goals.
7.13 All County facilities shall report energy usage annually.
7.14 Program the upgrading ofthe County vehicle fleet and
equipment to net zero emissions.
7.15 The Mass Transit Agency shall operate a net zero emissions fleet
by 2035.
7.16 Prioritize the installation of electric vehicle chargers at
community facilities, for both County vehicles and public parking.
7.17 All new County vehicle purchases, including average mpg,
emissions equivalent per gallon of fuel (or kWh), and estimated
annual operation and maintenance costs shall be reported annually.
7.18 Prioritize the accommodation of active transportation options as
part of the planning and design of all roadway improvements to
encourage non -motorized forms of transit.
Climate change threats
8.1 Use accurate and up-to-date, peer -reviewed scientific predictions
and observations related to climate change impacts to guide
adaptation policy and land use decisions.
8.2 Support local and regional climate change modeling and
monitoring programs.
8.3 Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to monitor impacts that may be
specific to Hawaii County due to its unique exposure to climate
change and sea level rise impacts.
8.4 Improve assessments of climate change threats and potential
consequences to determine specific geographic areas impacted and
projected financial cost.
Assessment of consequences
8.5 Climate change adaptation strategies shall be considered in
County budgetary, land use, water stewardship, fire mitigation, and
other decision -making processes.
8.6 Implement sea level rise planning and policies for public
infrastructure projects and other projects with a low tolerance for risk.
8.7 Prioritize the preservation and restoration of natural landscape
features, such as reefs, beaches and dunes, forests, rangelands,
streams, floodplains, wetlands, and aquifer recharge areas that have
the inherent capacity to prevent, minimize, or mitigate the impacts of
climate change.
Evaluation of adaptation
B.8 Develop adaptation strategies (e.g., protection, accommodation,
managed retreat, and preservation) for capital improvements to
ensure that the project's useful life and service expectations can be
met in the face of projected climate change impacts.
8.9 Design and maintain infrastructure, including roads, buildings, and
stream crossings, to accommodate increases in flooding and geologic
hazards such as landslides.
169
1971 GP
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CLIMATE POLICIES
CLIMATE POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
8.10 Partner with Communities to develop adaptation strategies (e.g.,
protection, accommodation, managed retreat, and preservation) for
vulnerable areas including conducting vulnerability assessments and
assessing land use and land availability.
8.11 Partner with government (e.g., State Office of Planning and
Sustainable Development [OPSD]), private and nonprofit agencies,
Communities, and other stakeholders to analyze conservation buffers
to accommodate shifting native habitats impacted by climate change,
particularly wetlands and high -elevation forests.
8.12 County departments should integrate economic development,
equity, and sustainability outcomes into their annual goals and
reports to the Mayor.
170
1971 GP
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1989 GP
CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIONS
CLIMATE ACTIONS
2005 GP 2045 GP
Equitable Climate Actions
6.a Increase transparency of government actions by creating a climate
change dashboard and portal to track the implementation of climate
action.
6.1b Engage communities by incorporating place -based knowledge and
qualitative data to guide implementation priorities and
decision -making.
6.c Promote funding opportunities for LMI communities to implement
climate action, including interactive videos and workshops that meet
communities where they are.
Reduce Government's Carbon Footprint
7.a Develop and provide incentives for new
development/redevelopment to pursue certification for "green" site
planning, construction, and post -construction practices.
7.1a Adopt policies and strategies across all County departments to
reduce GHGs and become more resilient to the impacts of climate
change.
7.c Develop a County purchasing policy to prioritize products with low
emissions over their lifecyCle and resiliency to the impacts of climate
change.
7.d Develop and implement incentives for energy -efficient or green
design standards.
7.e Prioritize urban tree inventories for primary urban areas such as
Downtown Hilo, Waimea, and Kailua-Kona.
7.f Develop procedures to include streettrees as part of public capital
improvement projects.
7.g Develop energy henchmarking standards for County buildings.
7.h Develop and implement an electric vehicle charging plan with a
station network map that identifies regional gaps in service.
7.i Create a fleet transformation plan for each County department.
7.j Partner with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
Communities, and other stakeholders to increase community -wide
awareness and accessibility regarding reducing transportation costs
and emissions (e.g., the impact of keeping tires inflated on the
efficiency of cars) through education awareness programs.
7.1( Develop and implement a streamlined framework to report annual
energy use of all County facilities and all new County vehicle
purchases.
Threats, Assessment, Adaptation
8.a Conduct detailed vulnerability mapping of existing and planned
infrastructure.
8.h Support and partner with government, private and nonprofit
agencies, communities, and other stakeholders on research for
adaptive policies and technology that increase resilience.
8.c Incorporate appropriate green building or climate -resilient
specifications into competitive bids.
8A Adopt a land acquisition program with potential Ieasebacl( options
for the purchase of hazard- prone locations or those with beneficial
attributes for climate adaptation and mitigation.
171
1971 GP
1989 GP
CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIONS
CLIMATE ACTIONS
2005 GP 2045 GP
8.e Collaborate with government, private and nonprofit agencies,
communities, and other stakeholders to implement environmentally
beneficial upgrades for wastewater, irrigation, and/or landscaping,
including sea level rise, storm, and other climate change
considerations.
172
1971 GP
1989 GP
INTEGRATED SYSTEMS GOALS
INT. SYS GOALS
2005 GP 2045 GP
Integrated Systems Goal: We employ integrated systems that are
efficient, equitable, and organized to facilitate coordination and
collaboration.
Objective 40: Increase collaboration and cooperation for efficiency,
effectiveness, and responsiveness.
Objective 41: Maintain fiscal integrity, responsibility, and efficiency.
Objective 42: Achieve equitable outcomes for County programs,
policies, and allocation of resources.
173
1971 GP
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
1989 GP
INTEGRATED SYSTEMS POLICIES
INT. SYS POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
Collaboration and cooperation
40.1 Maintain and adequately fund County government services at the
level necessary to be effective.
40.2 Ensure that government attitudes, actions, and services are
sensitive to community needs and concerns.
40.3 Sufficiently fund, and facilitate the timely preparation,
maintenance, and update of public policies and plans to guide County
programs and regulatory responsibilities.
40.4 Expand the adoption of technology across all County agencies to
achieve greater efficiency, accessibility, and accountability to the
general public throughout government operations.
40.5 Continue to seek ways of improving public service through the
coordination of service and maximizing the use of personnel and
facilities.
40.6 Promote alignment and consolidation of State and County
functions whenever more efficient and effective delivery of
government programs and services may be achieved.
40.7 Collaborate with appropriate State agencies for the provision of
public facilities to serve the needs of the community.
40.8 Require all County departments to collaborate with the County
Office of Sustainability, Climate, Equity, and Resilience (OSCER) as the
lead agency to ensure the integration of the Countys goals of
sustainability, climate resilience, and equity into all county operations
and planning initiatives.
Fiscal
41.1 Provide for a balanced budget.
41.2 Allocate fiscal resources to efficiently implement the objectives
of the General Plan in addition to essential government operations.
41.3 Ensure accountability in government operations.
41.4 Calculate the cost of the different County services provided.
41.5 Continue regular review ofthe County fee and fine schedules.
41.6 Maintain a debt financing plan to schedule bond authorization.
41.7 Leverage multiple sources of funding as part of the Capital
Improvements Program (CIP).
41.B Encourage financing tools like Community Facilities Districts
(CFD) to help fund off -site infrastructure improvements.
41.9 Develop short and long-range capital improvements program
and operating budgets for public facilities and services.
41.10 Capital projects shall be analyzed for overlapping scopes.
41.11 Projects involving more than one Department's assets shall be
coordinated to define scoping, design, and construction needs.
41.12 Improve the effectiveness of the Capital Improvements
Program to maintain transparency of the status of all County CIP
Projects.
Outcomes
42.1 Promote policies that actively address and reduce disparate
outcomes for historically underserved communities.
174
1971 GP
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INTEGRATED SYSTEMS POLICIES
INT. SYS POLICY
2005 GP 2045 GP
42.2 Seek equitable distribution of County investments towards
promoting employment opportunities, infrastructure, and other
community benefits.
42.3 Provide resources for County employees to understand and
actively advance equity solutions within all agencies of County
government.
42.4 Consider financial and time barriers, geographic constraints, and
language accessibility when conducting community outreach.
42.5 Research and develop an `Aina Kupuna program that would
exempt 100 % of real property taxes of qualifying kuleana landowners
as referenced by the Kuleana Act of 1050.
175
1971 GP
10
1989 GP
INTEGRATED SYSTEMS ACTIONS
2005 GP
INT. SYS ACTIONS
2045 GP
Fiscal
41.a Develop a working group to plan for large infrastructure
investment needs such as the Metropolitan Planning Organization
and the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4).
41.b Create a fiscal impact statement for the interdepartmental
project FIS.
41.c Develop a countywide facility condition inventory and
maintenance schedule.
41.d Conduct cost -benefit analysis for new facilities and
replacements.
41.e Establish memorandums of agreement to partner with
community groups for facility improvements and ongoing
maintenance opportunities.
Outcomes
42.a Provide technical assistance for financing options for
infrastructure in underserved areas.
42.b Provide technical assistance for financing districts for new
facilities and services in areas designated as urban growth areas.
42.c Develop and adopt an impact fees ordinance that considers
district specific needs and excludes urban care areas where infill is
encouraged.
42.d Develop a framework for a transition plan for changes in
administrative leadership to ensure a smooth transition and
continuity of operations.
42.e Develop a community engagement framework to be used across
county departments and agencies to provide direction and ensure
effective civic participation.
176