HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0539.003 2000-2002EPA Solid Waste
Reduction Goals
35% reduction (weight) - 2005
All Federal agencies and federally
funded projects must buy recycled
products
& Resource Conservation .. .
and Recovery Act,
section 6002 ._
Lifecycle of a Material
19 Printed on 100% Postconsumer Recycled Paper - Process Chlornie Free
Pollution Reduction for
?cvcled vs. Raw Materials
100% 1.
Recycling Reduces Greenhouse
Gas Emissions
Aluminum 40x
Steel, Glass, Paper 5x
Recycling cuts the release of 33 million
tons of carbon into the air = 25 million
cars/year
;j Landfills are the second leading cause of
methane emissions
Paper Recycling
Beneflits
�j Federal Purchasing saves
500,000 trees/year
Trees standing absorb 16,000
l� tons of carbon/year
{ 43% less energy used to
�� g3'
1 produce recycled copy paper
80%
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AL - Air
AL - Water
Paper - Air
Paper
- Water
Recycling Reduces Greenhouse
Gas Emissions
Aluminum 40x
Steel, Glass, Paper 5x
Recycling cuts the release of 33 million
tons of carbon into the air = 25 million
cars/year
;j Landfills are the second leading cause of
methane emissions
Paper Recycling
Beneflits
�j Federal Purchasing saves
500,000 trees/year
Trees standing absorb 16,000
l� tons of carbon/year
{ 43% less energy used to
�� g3'
1 produce recycled copy paper
Energy Benefits
Lj Recycling aluminum cans
95% energy savings = 1/2 can
of gasoline
Lj Recycling saved the
equivalent of energy used by
4 million households ('96)
Economic Development
Benefits
Job creation (100/13)
56,000 establishments
1.1 million people
Annual payroll $37 billion
jk Jobs pay Above national
' average
ILJ Annual revenues $236 billion
t Community Record -Setters
San Jos®,
873,300
19% recycdmg
45% waste
CA
26%
reduction
composting
Crockett,
8,300
20'%recycling
52% waste
7x
reduction
49% waste
WR
composting
20%
diversion
Bergen County,
825,300
17% recycling
49% waste
NJ (70 towns)
32%
reduction
Seattle,
534,700 29% -cycling
49% waste
WR
20%
diversion
composting
i
What Works?
�j Public outreach - "How" & "Why"
A Community contact
Residential & commercial
A School-age education
A Variable pricing/Pay-As-You-Throw
LJ Infrastructure/Processing Capacity
Aj Market Development
PState & Focal Govt.
-oilazlPrograms
U Grants
U Landfill bans
Lj Bottle Bills
"Lj Mandatory recycling requirements
Economic incentives (PAYT)
j Waste reduction goals
EPA Resources
j EPA Websites
A Office of Solid Waste
http://www.epa.gov/osw
A Jobs Through Recycling
http://www.epa.gov/jtr
L j EPA Region 9
A Timonie Hood - Waste Redn./Recycling
• (415)972-3282
.;'! • hood.timonie@epa.gov
J�� eo STg7��•
C,A yU
w ; S W U K KI N%20#
z IN
q( PROVE6'11
Participating
Organizations:
• U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency
• National Recycling
Coalition
• California Integrated Waste
Management Board
• Delaware Economic
Development Office
• Empire State Development
(New York)
• Florida Department of
Environmental Protection
• Illinois Department of
Commerce and
Community Affairs
• Indiana Department of
Commerce
• Massachusetts Department
of Economic Development
• Minnesota Office of
Environmental Assistance
• Missouri Environmental
Improvement and Energy
Resources Authority
• Nebraska Department of
Economic Development
• New Jersey Department of
Environmental Protection
• Northeast Recycling Council
• Ohio Department of
Natural Resources
• Pennsylvania Department
of Environmental Protection
1i
• Recgcle Iowa (an initiative
of the Iowa Department of
Economic Development)
• Vermont Agency of
Natural Resources
• Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources
in the -United States
he U.S. Recycling Economic Information (REI) Study is a ground- .
breaking national study that demonstrates the importance of recy-
cling and reuse to the U.S. economy. The study, commissioned by
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and numerous states
through a cooperative agreement with the National Recycling Coalition
(NRC), clearly shows what many have
known for a long time—that
"Recycling is Working."
Data Type
By converting waste into valuable raw
• Identifying business opportunities for
materials, recycling creates jobs, builds
entrepreneurs based on emerging com-
more competitive manufacturing indus-
modity areas and industry sectors.
tries, and adds significantly to the U.S.
• Providing recycling and reuse advocates
economy. Comprehensive national data on
with an important tool to help promote
the economic impact of recycling and reuse
awareness and build support.
is critical to the continued growth and suc-
2,747,498
cess of the industry by:
Key Findings of the Study
• Demonstrating to the investment com-
Recycling and Reuse Add Value to
munity that recycling is a viable, estab-
the U.S. Economy
lished industry with a proven track
The recycling and reuse industry is a sig -
record.
nificant force in the U.S. economy that
• Assisting government agencies with
makes a vital contribution to job creation
strategic planning and policy decisions
and economic development. According to
to ensure the continued growth of recy-
the study, the industry consists of approxi -
cling,
mately 56,000 establishments that employ
Summary of Estimates of Direct Economic Activity
Annual Payroll and Estimated Receipts are in $1,000. Throughput is in thousands of tons.
- Printed on paper that contains at least 50 percent postconsumer fiber.
Industry
Data Type
.° a
•
_
Total.
Establishments
9,247 12,051 8,047
26,716
56,061
Employment
32,010 160,865 759,746
169,183
1,121,804
Annual Payroll
956,875 3,826,360 29,181,749
2,747,498
36,712,482
Estimated Receipts
1,974,516 41,753,902 178,390,423
14,182,531
236,301,371
Estimated Throughput'
191,082 191,082 157,545
N/A
N/A
1 . Throughput is amount of recovered material recycled and includes manufacturing
scrap sent for recycling. It
excludes materials
prepared for fuel use and in-house
process scrap returned to the manufacturing process. Throughput estimates
are summed to
avoid triple counting at collection,
processing, and manufacturing stages.
- Printed on paper that contains at least 50 percent postconsumer fiber.
over 1.1 million people, generate an annual pay-
roll of nearly $37 billion, and gross over $236 bil-
lion in annual revenues. Within the industry, the
economic impact of the recycling manufacturing
sector far exceeds the recycling collection, process-
ing, and reuse sectors.
Local Recycling and Reuse Spur
"Downstream" Economic Impacts
Recycling businesses collect, process, and broker
recovered materials as well as manufacture and dis-
tribute products made with recovered materials.
Investment in local recycling collection and pro-
cessing, as well as strong government policies,
spurs significant private sector investment in recy-
cling manufacturing and promotes economic
growth.
The study also rallied the impact of recycling
on other support industries such as accounting
firms and office supply companies for a grand
total of 1.4 million jobs "indirectly" supported by
the recycling and reuse industry. These jobs have a
payroll of $52 billion and produce $173 billion in
receipts. Spending by employees of the recycling
and reuse industry leads to another 1.5 million
jobs with a payroll of $41 billion and produces
receipts of $146 billion. The recycling and reuse
industry also generated roughly $12.9 billion in
federal, state, and local tax revenues, with 80 per-
cent going to federal and state government.
Contribution of Recycling and Reuse to Government Revenues
(in S millions)
0
:..
Industry Sector
Local
Totat
Recycling Collection
200
100
100
400
300
200
100
600
Recycling Processing
700
400
300
1,400
1,700
800
600
3,200
Recycling Manufacturing
5,400
2,600
2,100
10,000
20,500
9,900
7,800
38,200
Reuse/Remanufacturing
600
300
200
1,200
2,100
1,000
800
3,900
Total
6,900
3,400
2,600
12,900
24,600
11,900
9,400
45,800
Other Benefits of Recycling
Recycling is good for the economy and the
environment. Recycling's benefits are found at
every stage of the life cycle of a consumer prod-
uct—from the mining of raw materials through
use and final disposal. By redirecting waste to
serve as raw materials for industry, recycling
provides a number of important benefits:
• Reducing pollution and conserving natural
resources.
• Saving energy by reducing the need to
extract and process "virgin" raw materials to
manufacture new products.
• Reducing greenhouse gases such as carbon
dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
• Stimulating the development of greener tech-
nologies.
• Avoiding the cost of waste disposal in land-
fills and incinerators.
Recycling is a Diverse
Industry
The recycling and reuse indus-
try is an elaborate network of
public sector institutions and
private companies. In fact, the
study identified 26 different
types of recycling organiza-
tions (see below). Recycling is
an integrated system that starts
with collection of materials by
individuals, businesses, and
municipalities, involves pro-
cessing of recycled materials,
and leads to manufacturing of
new products with recycled
content.
Four major manufacturing
industries account for over
half of the economic activity
of the industry: paper mills, steel mills, plastics
converters, and iron and steel foundries. But the
recycling industry also includes companies that are
quickly finding a market niche, including comput-
er demanufacturers, organics composters, and plas-
tic lumber manufacturers.
Types of Recycling and Reuse
Organizations
• Private and government staffed collection centers
• Compost and miscellaneous organics producers
• Material recovery facilities
• Recyclable material wholesalers
• Glass container manufacturing plants
• Other glass product producers
• Nonferrous secondary smelting and
refining mills
• Nonferrous foundries and product producers
• Paper and paperboard mills/deinked market
pulp producers
• Paper-based product manufacturers
• Pavement mix producers (asphalt and aggregate)
• Plastics reclaimers and converters
• Rubber product manufacturers
• Steel mills
• Iron and steel foundries
About The Study
The multi-year REI project utilizes the best
available data from 1997-1999. The national
study was accomplished through a comprehen-
sive analysis of both existing economic data
and reasonable estimates based on targeted sur-
veys of recycling businesses and sophisticated
economic modeling. For the first time, the
national study allows for sound economic
comparisons across different regions and states
in the country.
The study establishes an important bench-
mark of the econornic impact of recycling and
reuse. It lays the groundwork for future studies
that could be conducted on a regular basis to
track industry growth and trends.
• Computer and electronic appliance
demanufacturers
• Used motor vehicle parts rmanufacturers
• Retail used merchandise sales
• Tire retreaders
• Wood reuse organizations
• Materials exchange services
Comparison of Industry Employment
2,500,000-
,2
o.
E 1,000,000
z..
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Industry Type
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Comparison of Annual Wages per Job
$45,000
$40,000
$35,000
$30,000
$25,000
3 $20,000
$15,000
$10,000
$5,000
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Industry Type
Recycling and Reuse are
Competitive with Other Major
Industries
The materials collected for recycling
should not be considered waste or
garbage—they are valuable com-
modities that contribute significantly
to our growing economy. The increas-
ing supply of recyclables fuels manu-
facturing industries and makes them
more competitive and sustainable.
As a driver of economic activity,
the recycling industry compares
favorably to other key industries,
such as automobile manufacturing
and mining. Of particular signifi-
cance is that recycling far outpaces
the waste management industry
because recycling adds value to
materials, contributing to a growing
labor force. Many of these jobs are
in inner-city urban areas where job
creation is vital to the economy. In
these and other areas, recycling pro-
vides a large number of jobs that
generally pay above the average
national wage.
A large number of jobs are also
supported by the reuse industry.
These range from more traditional
thrift shops and antique dealers, to
modern businesses such as comput-
er demanufacturers and pallet
rebuilders. As a whole, the reuse
industry employs nearly 170,000
workers in more than 26,000 estab-
lishments nationwide. It supports
an annual payroll of $2.7 billion
and generates approximately $14.1
billion in revenues.
For More Information Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
For additional information on the REI study, see the following: (5306W)
• EPA's Jobs Through Recycling Program—www.epa.gov/jtr EPA530-F-02-005
www.epa.gov
0 National Recycling Coalition—www.nrc- recycle. org January 2002
o. �,
W
Recycling saves energy.
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