HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0728.044 2000-2002 Testimony on Resolution 236 02
A RESOLUTION SUPPORTING A MORATORIUM ON THE RELEASE AND
PLANTING OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED (GM) COFFEE IN THE DISTRICTS OF
NORTH AND SOUTH KONG IN ORDER TO ASSURE AND PROTECT THE
BIOTIC INTEGRITY AND MARKET VALUE OF PURE KONG COFFEE
Presented before the
Hawaii County Council H .
September 25, 2002 ~ ~ P
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aunty Council
Andrew G. Hashimoto, Dean and Director
College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources
University of Hawaii at Manoa
Chair Arakaki and Members of the Council:
On September 10, I testified on Resolution 236 02 before the Committee on Human
Resources and Economic Development. My testimony today differs from the testimony I
offered that day in only one respect. I am deeply saddened and troubled by the rifts that
have developed since this resolution was introduced. Although this resolution is well
intended, it is being portrayed by various people as Kona coffee farmers against the rest
of agriculture, big farms against small farms, east Hawaii against west Hawaii, organic
farming against conventional farming, an anti-GMO conspiracy, etc. At a time in the
history of Hawaii agriculture when it is vital ±o find common ground and work together
for the benefit of the industry, it is a shame to see this issue threaten to harm the
agriculture ohana that is necessary for agriculture to succeed.
The Kona coffee industry contributes significantly to the economic and cultural vitality of
the county and state and has an understandable desire to maintain the unique brand
identity and market price of its product. There are concerns that the high market price and
niche the Kona coffee industry enjoys will be eroded if the coffee plant is genetically
modified. The College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources is sympathetic to
the concerns of the industry. We have committed to being open about the types of
research we were conducting on coffee and to first talking to the industry and gaining
their agreement before we field test (on our experiment stations or cooperators' farms)
any genetically modified coffee in the County of Hawaii. Other research entities named
in the resolution have, I believe, made similar commitments.
However, I am concerned about the resolution for a number of reasons.
• First, the resolution is not necessary. No genetically modified coffee plants are ready
to be field tested, and we have made the commitment that if any are approved for
field testing, they would not be tested in Kona. All recombinant coffee
("decaffeinated coffee") plants, plantlets, plant cell cultures and plant parts covered
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under permit Nos.: 99-139-02n (CA-1), 99-139-03n (CA-2) and 99-139-04n (CA-3)
were devitalized on January 4, 2001 by approved means and witnessed by responsible
state and federal personnel.
• Second, it is unclear how the moratorium will be enforced, which organizations will
be responsible to develop, adopt, and approve the regulatory regime envisioned in the
resolution. Nor is it clear by whom and how the "evaluation of genetic contamination
from pollen drift and other environmental consequences and secondary ecological
effects" will be conducted.
• Finally, I am most concerned about how this resolution will be used in the national
and international debate on the use of genetically modified materials in agriculture.
Clearly, reasoned discussions on the benefits and risks of this technology need to be
held; however, it would be unfortunate if this resolution was used in the debate as
evidence that the County and State of Hawaii are "anti-GMO." The divisiveness that
this resolution has already created will be exacerbated as people continue to take
sides.
One of the primary strengths of Hawaii agriculture over the years, and especially in the
recent past, is the willingness of growers to use new technologies where appropriate to
ensure an economically and environmentally viable and sustainable agriculture. headily
apparent examples of the beneficial use of biotechnology in Hawaii include resistance to
papaya ring spot virus, nematode resistance, banana bunchy top resistance, new varieties
of ornamental flowers, etc.
The stakes are too high for us to discontinue investigating the usefulness of agricultural
biotechnology, and specifically genetic engineering. Keep in mind that research on
papaya ring spot resistance was in progress for over ten years before the virus nearly
destroyed the industry. Keep in mind, too, that genetic modification was the only tool
available to save the papaya industry from the ring spot virus. The Kona coffee industry
may need to use this technology in the future if that is the only alternative to insure the
survival of the industry.
A strong, healthy agriculture industry is absolutely vital to the economic health of the dig
Island and the state. We need all the tools at our disposal to address issues of importance
to agriculture;. Passage of this resolution could reflect poorly on an important technology
that maybe necessary for segments of our agricultural industry to survive and/or prosper.
Thank you for the opportunity to testify.