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COM 0013.085 2002-2004
U Encore Talent Page 1 of 2 From: "Joe Cherner" <Joe@smokefree.org>LCt�En%L%i To: "Joe Chemer announce list" <JoeCherner-announce@smokefree.net> Sent: Tuesday, April 15, 2003 1:59 AM ___ ------------ _______ Subject: [JoeCherner-announce]Responses to bar murder �" n tX Coundl Yesterday's news about a bar bouncer murdered after asking a smoker to put out his cigarette, generated hundreds of emails. Here is a sample expressing the views of many over this tragedy. To send a letter to the NY Times, write to editor n times.com Responses to Bar Murder If I had to guess, I would bet that alcohol had more to do with this murder than tobacco. M.K. Several police officers have been murdered after stopping speeding or intoxicated motorists. It doesn't mean we shoulcyw.Wth speed limits and drunk driving laws. B.F. If we repeal laws each time enforcement is met with aggression, we will have no laws. J.K. Yesterday a bar bouncer was killed in a fight started over smoking. The tobacco cartel killed over 1,000 Americans that same day. J.O. My heart goes out to the family of Mr. Blake, the bouncer who was murdered by simply doing his job. This was indeed a tragedy. However, I hope that when they are able to see beyond their grief, Mr. Blake's family will realize that it was not NYC`s new smokefree workplace law that caused this unnecessary death. The death was caused by two smokers who clearly have no respect for the sanctity of human life - not for their own lives, the lives of other patrons in the bar, and certainly not for the life of Mr. Blake. I hope that the anger over this tragedy will be re -directed to where it belongs -- on the cold hearts of the tobacco cartel (which has knowingly sold an addictive drug without any warning about addiction) and the murderers. E.W. This tragedy shows yet again what a powerful, addictive drug tobacco is. I hope one day soon government will require warning labels about addiction. L.S. Many cash checking operators and convenience store workers have been shot after robbers find that the safe is locked. Should stores be required to keep their safes open? L.M. Weapons and alcohol are always a deadly mix. Bars should do more to assure that patrons don't enter with weapons (including matches and lighters). M.O. We need treatment programs for tobacco addiction. I wish we had them a long time ago before my mother and grandfather died. B.P. Whackos like those smokers can be found in bars from coast-to-coast. I performed in a pub back in January. The pub, in deference to my need for better air to perform, had declared the place "smoke-free" during my performances. One guy refused to observe the short-term ban; and when he heard it was about me, he came over to my table, verbally abused me, gave me the finger, and told me he was leaving corn., No 130 5/5/03 Ref. Tp _ Ref. C e Page 2 of 2 (as though I would have preferred for him to stay). 1 worried that it might turn violent. S.H. Many people are killed in war. It doesn't always mean that the underlying impetus is wrong. The world is an imperfect place - even when we try to do good - bad things sometimes happen. L.M. I am so sad about this tragedy, but we mustn't let the criminals dictate our laws. If we did, the world would be a terrible place to live. J.C. Joseph W. Chemer, President SmokeFree Educational Services, Inc. http://www.smokefree.org "Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it's the only thing that ever has." Margaret Mead To search the JoeChemer-announce archives, go to: htcp_//s_m-gjcoms.Orr/ o7chetw-vmmoccsvmgas Sent to 34204 JoeCherner-announce Subscribers h//smokefroe n4y/1oeChg_rn�r.gnn�tn�gJg�tltgr� To unsubscribe laura*a encorehnwaii.com, send any email to uns-.1QZ-3406$7n &m4kefres,9gt If you would like to help prevent another generation of tobacco addiction and disease, go to w+ww,5xa_We Air.prg and send a smokefree EZ -letter to a key decision maker. Sent to laura*a encorehawaii.com 5/5/03 Page 1 of 2 Encore Talent From: "Joe Cherner" <Joe@smokefree.org> To: "Joe Cherner announce list" <JoeCherner-announce@smokescreen.org> Sent: Tuesday, April 29, 2003 11:12 PM Subject: [JoeCherner-announce]Smokers Welcome Everywhere! It's just the smoke that's not! To send a letter in support of smokefree workplace legislation where you live, go to www.smokefrge.org Smokers Welcome Everywhere It's just the smoke that's not! I have wonderful friends and family who smoke. Most of them wish they could quit, but they can't. They are great people with an unfortunate addiction. Like almost all smokers, they started smoking as very young children and didn't know that the product was addictive (even though the manufacturers did... but that's another story). I get so tired 0#&Tobacco claiming that smokefree workplace laws discriminate against smokers. Smokefree workplace laws only discriminate against smoke, NOT smokers! Society is changing quickly. We now know that tobacco smoke causes terrible diseases, including cancer, respiratory illness, heart disease, and asthma.. Nobody should have to breathe tobacco smoke to hold a job, and that's the main reason for smokefree workplace legislation. My friends and family who smoke, like ALL smokers, are welcome EVERYWHERE. It's simply their smoke that is not. For example, my bridge partner smokes, but he doesn't smoke when we play bridge. My cousin smokes, but she doesn't smoke at family dinners. For years, I've gone to movie theatres and Broadway shows with family and friends who smoke, but they don't smoke in the theatre. When we travel, they don't smoke on airplanes and trains. More recently, they don't smoke in restaurants and bars. More and more, they understand why we have smokefree laws and they now agree. Smokefree workplace legislation means that where tobacco smoke is concerned: 1. ALL workers' health (including bar and restaurant workers) will be treated EQUALLY. 2. ALL workers will have a safe, healthy, smokefree workplace. 3. NO workers will be discriminated against by having to breathe tobacco smoke at work. Smokers are still welco ` where. It's just the smoke that's nQt. AMA To send a letter in support of smokefree workplace legislation where you live, go to www.smokefree.org Joseph W. Cherner, President SmokeFree Educational Services, Inc. http://www.smokefree.or- 5/3/03 Pagel of 2 Encore Talent From: "Joe Cherner' <Joe@smokefree.org> To: "Joe Cherner announce list" <JoeCherner-announce@smokefree.net> Sent: Monday, May 05, 2003 11:28 PM Subject: [JoeCherner-announce]Maine Health Committee Votes 12-1 to Go Smokefree To send a letter in support of smokefree Maine, go to www.smokefree.org/NIE Maine Health Committee Votes 12-1 for Rhokefree Bars Governor likely to support Joining California, Delaware, and New York Parts excerpted from the Sun Journal Maine lawmakers, including Gov. John Baldacci, took a step closer to passing smokefree bar legislation when the Legislative Health and Human Services Committee recently voted 12-1 to ban smoking in bars (the law would take effect on Jan. 1, 2004). Having already passed smokefree restaurant legislation four years ago, Maine has seen the benefit of smokefree laws. Consequently, opposition to this year's smokefree bar proposal has been minimal. Four people affiliated with bars and gaming facilities spoke out against the bill, compared to 16 supporters representing former waiters, the Department of Human Services, and groups such as the AFL-CIO of Maine and the Maine Medical Association. The committee's recommendations will be considered by the full House and Senate when the proposal is expected to reach the floors in the next few weeks. "If the bill reaches the Governor's desk, he more than likely will sign it," said Lee Umphrey, Baldacci's director of communications. Smokefree bars "clearly reflects his interest in a healthy Maine." Sponsor Sen. Karl Turner, R -Cumberland, said he wants to protect bartenders, waiters and waitresses and others from secondhand smoke. Given the fact that secondhand smoke has been classified by the Environmental Protection Agency as a Class A carcinogen, and is a known cause of lung cancer, asthma and other diseases, how can the state allow a workplace to exist where workers are exposed, Turner asked. There are excellent paying jobs in bars and taverns, but people should not be subjected to something that could hurt them to earn a living, Turner said. Nor should any employer or manager be allowed to expose workers "to something that causes disease." Others on the committee, including Rep. Margaret Craven, D -Lewiston, and Rep. Will Walcott, D - Lewiston, agreed. "I'm concerned about workers, people in there who don't smoke," Walcott said. Many bars are small, and the second-hand smoke is concentrated. "Secondhand smoke is a killer." Banning smoking in bars "is the right thing to do," Walcott said. Smokefree laws help lower health care costs in Maine, he said. While some say banning smoking would hurt bars by keeping smoking patrons away, Craven said the Ramada Inn in Lewiston is smoke free. "They lost a few patrons in the beginning, but new patrons have 5/6/03 Stroking and Business: Costs Page 1 of 2 Saw ticrSmokend �41[t A!�!R I .�pnet�to the ANR Foundation I . rF a cri timet I Rom-andjse Smoke About V1 I Links I Home low ,n4kefrce SMOKING AND BUSINESS A& Pw c, September 23, 2002 • In 2002, the International Labor Organization (ILO) reported that cancer was the largest killer in the workplace, accounting for approximately 640,000 workplace- *nokrfrer related deaths per year globally. ILO stated that secondhand smoke in the Orditisttty 11!%1 % workplace is estimated to cause 2.8 percent of all workplace cancer. (Reuters, "ILO says workplace hazards kill 2 million each year," Reuters, May 24, 2002.) • • Workers exposed to secondhand smoke on the job are 34% more likely to get lung cancer. (Fontham, et al. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 1991; 135: 35-43.) Airpiwts Campaign • Many people have higher levels of exposure to secondhand smoke than they believe, much of it stemming from the workplace. 88% of nonsmokers have significant levels of nicotine residue in their blood. (Pirkle, et al., "Exposure of the US Population to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991," JAMA 275:1233-1240, 1996.) Tog's Dirt- 'Prick~ . Compliance with workplace smoking policies is high. A Bureau of National Affairs -Society for Human Resource Management poll found that seven out of 10 companies with smoking policies indicated that employees "rarely" (50%) or "never" (20%) violate the rules. (The Bureau of National Affairs, "Smoking in the Workplace: 1991," Bulletin to Management, SHRM-BNA Survey No. 55, August 1W DowmentR 29, 1991.) • A random survey of local labor union leaders found that 48% supported worksite smoking bans or restrictions, and only 8% were opposed to both. (Sorensen, G. Stoddard, A.M.; Youngstrom, R.; Emmons, K.; Barbeau, E.; Khorasanizadeh, F.; Levenstein, C., "Local labor unions' positions on worksite tobacco control," t'!'lll i�itti[NI American Journal of Public Health 90(4): 618-620, April 2000.) • There is a growing trend to eliminate smoking in the workplace. Nationwide, in 1999, nearly 70% of all indoor workers reported a smokefree environment, :J compared to 46% in 1993. (Shopland, D. R.; Gerlach, K.K.; Burns, D. M.; Hartman, A.M.; Gibson, J.T., "State -specific trends in smoke-free workplace T'reen�pt i�� policy coverage: the Current Population Survey Tobacco Use Supplement, 1993 to 1999," Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 43(8): 1-7, August 2001.) a',•► �s , • In 2000, the proportion of adults who work primarily indoors and reported an official workplace policy that no smoking was allowed in indoor public or Sistokefrrc Ad, common areas and work areas ranged from 61.4% in Mississippi to 83.9% in Montana. The proportion who thought that smoking should not be allowed at all in indoor work areas ranged from 66.4% in Wisconsin to 83.8% in DC. (CDC, "State -specific prevalence of current cigarette smoking among adults, and policies and attitudes about secondhand smoke: United States, 2000," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 50(49): 1101-1106, December 14, 2001.) http://www.no-smoke.org/business.html 5/5/03 Smoking and Business: Costs Page 2 of 2 • Workplace smoking increases an employer's potential legal liability. Nonsmoking employees have received settlements in cases based on their exposure to secondhand smoke. For example, a waiter in Sausalito received an 1<"r,utli $85,000 settlement in a workers' compensation case. Other nonsmokers have won unemployment compensation and disability benefits (Sweda, E.L. Summary of Legal Cases Regarding Smoking in the Workplace and Other Places. Boston: Tobacco Control Resource Center, December 1997.) • Secondhand smoke harms the health and reduces the productivity of nonsmokers, costing employers money. Estimated costs associated with secondhand smoke's effects on nonsmokers range from $56 to $490 per smoker per year. (Kristein, "How Much Can Business Expect to Profit From Smoking Cessation?" Preventive Medicine, 1983;12:358-381; Jackson & Holle, "Smoking: Perspectives 1985" Primary Care, 1985; 12:197-216.) • Smoking in the workplace damages property and increases cleaning costs. A survey of 2,000 workplaces found that 23.3% of those with smoking restrictions reported a reduction in maintenance costs. (Swart, "An Overlooked Cost of Employee Smoking" Personnel, August 1990.) • A survey of businesses conducted by the Building Owners and Management Association (BOMA) International found that the elimination of smoking from a building reduced cleaning expenses by an average of 10%. A 1993 BOMA Fire Safety Survey found that smoking was cited as the number one cause of fires. (Garland, W.S., BOMA Supports Smoking Ban in Buildings, http://www.boma.org/comartle/comsmoke.htm, [n.d.].) • The National Fire Protection Association found that in 1998 (the most recent year for which data is available) smoking materials caused 8,700 fires in non- residential structures resulting in 17 deaths, 163 injuries, and a direct property damage of $60.5 million. (Hall, Jr., J.R., "The U.S. Smoking -Material Fire Problem," National Fire Protection Association, Fire Analysis and Research Division, April 2001.) • Smoking causes a great deal of discomfort in the workplace. 59.2% of nonsmoking employees report suffering discomfort, and even 15% of smoking employees report some degree of discomfort from secondhand smoke. (CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, May 22, 1992.) Secondhand Smoke I SmoWree_Advocacy I Smokefree Ordinance Lists I Airports Campaign I Tobacco's Dirty Tricks Hot Documents I Ventilation I Preem 'on I Smokefree_Advertisng I Youth ® 2002, Americans for Nonsmokers' Rights, American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation Some images are © 2002 www.arttoday.com Designed and maintained by Diane Jones. http://www.no-smoke.org/business.html 5/5/03 WWcome to Altria Group, Inc. Altria lk I nanK y77-T7r-7Ts1T)ng pniliprno6—ts,cMTr.=e71ve January 27, 2003, at 8:00 a.m., Philip Mort -is Companies Inc. changed its name to Aitria Group, Inc. Altria Group, Inc. is the name of the parent company of Kraft Foods, Philip Morris USA, Philip Morris International and Philip Morris Capital Corporation. Collectively, these companies form the Altria family of companies. Our name change to Altria Group, Inc., reflects the fact that we are no longer the same company we once were structurally, culturally or behaviorally. This change better reflects who we are today and who we want to be in the future. It will focus attention on the qualities we want to convey such as superior performance, financial strength and a commitment to integrity and corporate responsibility. We believe our new identity as Altria Group, Inc., allows us to communicate with greater clarity our corporate structure and how our compan-ies rn-can-Age their respective businesses. Or visit: Kraft Foods is a global leader in branded foods and beverages. Philip Morris Xiaternationa.1 manages the world's leading international cigarette business, with products for sale in over 160 markets worldwide. Page I of I Philip Morris USA is the nation's leadir manufacturer. http://www.philipmom's.com/ 5/5/03 Philip Morris U.S.A. - Health Is -»es - Surgeon General Reports Page 1 of 1 0 � ■ �3 Contact Us e Site Map s Site Policy aAltria Group, Inc. Morris USA- Searchh ■ .About Us Health Issues Health Issues -7 Cigarette Smoking and Disease Addiction Quitting Smoking Low Tar Cigarettes Secondhand Smoke 1 Surgeon General Rep Respons-Ve Marketing Surgeon General Reports Surgeon General Reports on Smoking and Health The'Surge,w� Gert?ral of the t_nted States has been thn nation..'s leading spokesperson on matters of public health since 1871. Beginning in 1962, at the request of President John F. Kennedy, the Surgeon G--enera!'s Office took on the task of revj;e ),n9 literature on smoking and health and began issuing periodic reports. The first report was published in 1964, The following Surgeon General's Reports address issues of smoking and health: Policies, Practices & 200j ZQQQ 1998 1194 194Q 1989 1986 Po,iitians 11ft M4 M3 1960 1979 12124 Customer Service For more information on the Surgeon General Reports, please visit Th���_�entt�r.�_fQr i5���sg.�Qntrpl_�n�Pi'��nSion [�C>�• V INSTANT ACCESS Youth Smoking Prevention Quitting Smoking Secondhand Smoke Tobacco Settlement Agreement FDA Regulation To access all Surgeon General Reports, please _K[SitAt NAtiOn@l Library of MV iCin ee j e and click on the full list of reports link. Se W R WO these for more it > U.S. Cent Control a Surgeon Reports > National Medicine: Surgeon http://www,philipmorrisusa.com/health_issues/surgeon_general_reports.asp 5/5/03 I Philip Morris U.S.A. - Health Issues - Cigarette Smoking and Disease Page 1 of 1 IsContact Us a Site Map q Site Policy 9 Alma Group, Inc. orris Philip MUSA Search Se About Us Health Issues Our Products Visit these for fYS41r@ if Health Issues srdte Smoking and Cigarette Smoking and Disease in Smokers > Internatic ISaaea ddiction gree erttfi tie overwhel ci tific consensus Research Press Rel smoking causes4mwncdisease, Monogral Quitting Smoking d other serious diseases in sn"Okers a Tobacco: Low Tar Cigarettesto d _v_ -:_,j serious diseases, l 'there Involunta s. is no "safe" c' - (June 20( Secondhand Smoke Surgeon Genesi Reports These are alai i:ave Leer; tke woessa es of the U _5. S�tr g �� > World He Gen �r�I and public health authorities worldwide. Smokers and Organizal potential smokers should rely an these messages in making all Free Initi Responsible Marketing smoking -related decisions. > U.S. Ceni Policies, Practices fie Positions The following Surgeon General's reports are of particular Control: I Conseq u E relevance, Smoking Customer Service 24Q1 ZWO 1294 19$4 1963 19$0 1.9.79 19-64 > American Society Click on the links to the right to obtain more information about cigarette smoking and disease in smokers directly from these > U.S. Cent V INSTANT ACCtSS � , public health organizations: International Agency for Research on Control a Cancer, the World Health Organization, U.S. Centers for Disease Surgeon Youth Smoking Prevention Control and the American Cancer Society. Reports Quitting Smoking Our Support of Consistent Public Health Messages > National Secondhand Smoke Medicine: We support a single, consistent public health message on the role Tobacco Settlement Agreement Surgeon played by cigarette smoking in the development of disease in FDA Regulation smokers, as well as smoking and addiction. This includes our support of the lave that requires cigarette manufacturers to place health warnings on packages and in advertisements and our belief that government and public health officials should determine the content of the warning messages. http://www.philipmorrisusa.comlhealth__issues/cigarette_smoking_and_disease.asp 5/5/03 P Philip Morns U.S.A. - Health Issues - Addiction 116 : About Us Health Issues Our Products Health Issues Cigarette Smoking and Di uRting Smoking Low Tar Cigarettes Secondhand Smoke Surgeon General Reports Responsible Marketing Policies, Practices & Positions Customer Service Youth Smoking Prevention Quitting Smoking Secondhand Smoke Tobacco Settlement Agreement FDA Regulation Page 1 of 1 �4 Contact Us C Site Map s Site Policy a Atria Group, Inc. Search Se q4fe agree with the ovelpel that cigar+e4a.srrtoking is ad toe VeryQui rif. e er srnok.e'rs who want to quit from trying to do so. Our Support of Consistent Public Health Messages We support a single, consistent public health message on the role played by cigarette smoking in the development of disease in yc a ;kers, .as well as &mok4ig and addiction. This i^cludes cur support of the law that requires cigarette manufacturers to place health warnings on packages and In advertisements and our belief that gcwN-nmeat a.,d puLxic health offo-ciats sho,c:;d determine t;,e content of the warning messages. =1 Visit these €0 ,r'o e . > Highlight: Conclusic Surgeon Report -- Conseque Smoking: Addiction > Excerpts Food and Administi findings r. addiction > Additiona from the Organizai http://www.philipmorrisusa.com/health—issues/addiction.asp 5/5/03 Philip Morris U.S.A. - Health Issues - Quitting Smoking About Us Health issult, Our Products rr Health Issues i.. Cigarette Smoking and Disease Addiction uitting Smoking Low Tar Cigarettes Secondhand Smoke Surgeon General Reports Responsible Marketing Policies, Practices & Positions Customer Service V INSTANT ACCESS Youth Smoking Prevention Quitting Smoking Secondhand Smoke Tobacco Settlement Agreement FDA Regulation Quitting Smoking`p Page 1 of 2 41 Contact Us c Site Map e Site Policy a Altria Group, Inc. If You Want to Quit, Things to Know Search 8, ` Visit these for more it To, reducetho haafi?F public health authorities do Ltt or sw4Lto lower tar and nicotine <, :'raj . c -. ..,e required rette warnings for packages and advertisements in the U.S. is "SURGEON GENERAL'S WARNING: Quitting Smoking Now Greatly Reduces Serious Risks to Y --:r Health." It can be difficult to quit smoking, and many smokers who try to quit do not succeed. However, mithans of smokers in tt.e United States and around the world have succeeded. For those smokers who via,^t to quit but are having difficulty, thiere are many programs and products marketed as being helpful, including group classes, hypnosis, nicotine replacement therapies and srn ,king u•eterrer+ts. The U.S. Surgeon Oe °feral has said tt,at "[s]moking cessation researchers have long recognized smoking to be a complex behavior influenced by physiological, psychological, cogitative and socia; factors ... In gerierai, intro=t cessation tic-atments yield 1 -year quit rates (based on all original participants) between 10 and 40 percent..." If you want to quit and believe that outside assistance would be helpful, we encourage you to investigate the wide selection of ttpfinn5 that are avaiiahle, and SP.p if rt,QrP are any that seem right for you. > quitnet.o > U.S. Ceni Control: i > Informati benefits e the Natio Institute > Summary Health Be c.n.ki.ng. Report Fr Surgeon (iS9v)" > Highlight: the Healt Consequ( Smoking Progress: The Surg (1989)" > drkoop.cc > National institute Press Rel includes i full study Associate Smoking Low Mact Yields of Nicotine" > The FTC 1 Method fc Tar, Nico Carbon M of U.S. C > Report of Scientific Tobacco; 1998 Par Review o from Cigi Tobacco+ article: T tobacco f regulatioi in Europe for the fo Europear http://www.philipmorfisusa.com/health issues/quitting_smoking.asp 5/5/03 Phalip Morris USA - Health Issues - Low Tar Cigarettes Page 1 of 2 ReLe ss, which includes a link to the full study: "Risks Associated In SmokE with Smoking Cigarettes with Low Machine -Measured Yields of Tar About Ta � Contact Us c Site map a Site Policy 8 Altria Group, Inc. Philip Morris � > Federal T on the market which the public health community endorses as Commiss Search Release: are concerned about the risks of smoking, quitting Is by far their Results o Se Nicotine i Monoxide Because smokers have varying preferences, Philip Morris USA Domestic offers products with differing yields of tar and nicotine, as About Usta,ia is-.Ivue;: Our Products Cigarettes Philip Morris Health Issues placing an " Philip Morris USA's Use of Brand Descriptors limited time Cigarette Smoking and g g nambei s. pack of non Disease Philip Morris. USA, frequently describes cigarette hrarids rising terns cigarettes rr Addiction such as "full flavor," "rnedium," "miid," "light" and "ultra light." by the Coml Quitting Smoking These terms are commonly referred to as "descriptors" and Rea Low Tar Cigarettes facilitate smokers' ability to distinguish arrrong different product offerings. Secondhand Smoke Surgeon General Reports Descriptors are generally used as a point of comparison (with respect to attributes such as strength of taste and flavor and tar and nicotine yield as measured by a machine method) for a Responsilrie Marketing–garotte brand in aider to distinguish it from other brands on the A bibliograp Policies, Practices & market. additional rE Positions A ,,v ow" ssurne that brad Customer Service or 'ultra 1' ht;. indicate with precision elt� ny or the re sive amount as compared «, I -am letrng cigare brands. Some researchers report that smokers of "light" cigarettes inhale as much tar and nicotine as from full-flavor brands. The amount of tar W211 these acid niccAlne initialed -* be ITigher if, for exavyiple, a smoker biocks moreir V INSTANT ACCESS€or venVlatm hwles, inhales more deeply, takes more puffs or Youth Smoking Prevention smokes more cigarettes. > National 1 Quitting Smoking Philip Morris USA does riot imply in its marketing, and smokers Institute Press Rel Secondhand Smoke should not assume, that lower-yielding brands are "safe" or "safer" includes i than full-ftavor brands. Health warnings are required on all' of our full study Tobacco Settlement Agreement brands, irrespective of their tar and nicotine yields. The Federal Associate FDA Regulation Trade Commission (FTC) has stated that "smoking 'low tar' or Smoking 'light' cigarettes does not eliminate the heatth risks of smoking. if Low Mact you're concerned about the health risks of smoking, stop Yields of s smoking ... There's no such thing as a safe smoke.'" Nicotine" Read -eh National cancerntitu e�Mgnoaraph 13__Fre�s > FTC Cons ReLe ss, which includes a link to the full study: "Risks Associated In SmokE with Smoking Cigarettes with Low Machine -Measured Yields of Tar About Ta and Nicotine." Ratings It is important to remember that, as of today, there is no cigarette > Federal T on the market which the public health community endorses as Commiss offering "reduced risk." It continues to be the case that, if smokers Release: are concerned about the risks of smoking, quitting Is by far their Results o best alternative for reducing those risks. Nicotine i Monoxide Because smokers have varying preferences, Philip Morris USA Domestic offers products with differing yields of tar and nicotine, as Sold in 11 measured by machine methods. We believe that It is appropriate to continue to differentiate our brands on this basis and that > Clearing i descriptors such as "lights," "ultra -lights," "medium" and "mild" Assessinc help communicate these differences to adult smokers. Base for. Reductior Read more information about.understanding tar and nicotine of Harm I nambei s. "History i Reduce h Cigarette Medicine http://www.philipmorrisusa.com/health_issues/low_ tar__cigarettes.asp 5/5/03 Philip Morris USA - Health Issues - Secondhand Smoke About Us Our Products Or Health Issues 1 Cigarette Smoking and Disease Addiction Quitting Smoking Low Tar Cigarettes 4111lowndhand Smoke Surgeon General Reports 16 +� Responsible Marketing Policies, Practices & Positions Customer Service Health Issues Page 1 of 1 F Contact Us a Site Map a Site Policy it Altria Group, Inc. Search Se rl:::-�I Public health off' ' cigarettes causes , in non-smoking adul " Iti� asthma, reser wig- r ear infect{on and den infan h SyndrorY dditfvn, public health officials havecon moke can exacerbate adult asthma hroa `Oasal irritation, Secondhand smoke, also known as environme Vitcco smoke or ErS, is combination of the smoke coming Xf, end of a cigarette plus the smoke exhaled by a Gerson smoking. *vui�u Lt.yurucu uy oit'. conciusions of public hearts iais regarding the health effects of secondhand smoke in ,ding whether to be in places where secondhand smoke is present, or if they are smokers, when and where to smoke ar others. Particular care should be exercised where children a concerned, and adults should avold cmrskino arr,tind them. Philip Morris USA believes that the conclusions of public Ile ls concerning environmental tobacco smoke are su V INSTANT :ACCESS 4 ant measures that regulate smoking in public place We also Youth Smoking Prevention b �`f"" the nova ime� should require the posting of warning notices that communicate public Quitting Smoking health officials' conclusions that secondhand smoke causes disease Secondhand Smoke in non-smokers, Tobacco Settlement Agreement FDA Regulation i Visit these for more it > Internatit Research Press Rel Monogral Tobacco' Involunta (June 20( > U.S. Envi Protectioi Environrr Smoke R� > Report of Scientific Tobacco; 1998 > California Environrr Protectioi Report: h of Expost Environrr Smoke (I > World He Organizal Free Initi > US Natioi Program Carcinogr Revised J > 1986 US General F Health Cc Involunta > The Instil Medicine' "Clearing Asthma a Exposure > The Jourr British TI' "Summar parental: respirator children.. http://www.philipmorrisusa.comlhealth_issueslsecondhand_smoke.asp?source=instant access 5/5/43 TIPS - SGRs Summaries List i National tenter For Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Toilincco Information and Prevention Source (TIT'S) ..r-�.. „r •,, u,, rnr r TIPS ieomo I what's New I Mission I Site Map I rontact Us over view Publications Catalog Surgeon General's Reports Research, Data,and Reports How To Omt Educational Materials New C.itatious Tobacco Control Program Guidebnes & Data �:elebntie,', Against Smokmq .,ports Inihatotts -ampaigns & Events Smoking and Health -iatabase gelated Links ,lobal Tobacco Prevention & Control -�1P5 4 Youth .Tobacco Industry Documents Media Campaiyi� R-esoo rce; C'ta'ner naLondl TpharC) Control N1 "P, trchauge Questi•m Inventory jai tobacco (Q11) "iok�rq Action Against becondhand Smoke. t,n Online Toolkit tobacco ltiare.dient Feporti 1p SGRs Surgeon General's Reports Page 1 of 3 Also see: History of the 1964 Surgeon General's Report on Tobacco Use Surgeon General's Reports That Are Available On -Line 19605 1 19705 1 19805 1 19906 1 20005 1960's Surgeon General's Reports 1964 Surgeon General Report: Reducing the Health Consequences of Srnoking 1967 The. Health Consequences of Smoking: A Public Health Service Reviev 1968 the Health Consequences of Smoking: 1968 Supplement to the 19 Public Health Service Review 1969 The Health Consequences of Smoking: 1968 Supplement to the 19 Public lea(rh Service Review Return tk [op 1970's Surgeon General's Reports 1971 The Health Consequences of Smoking, A Report to the Surgeon General 1972 The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report to the Surgeon General 1973 The Health Consequences of Smokinq.A Report to the Surgeon General 1974 The Heaith Consequences of Smoking. 1975 The Health Consequences of Smoking, A Report to the Surgeon General http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgrpage.htm 5/5/03 TIPS - SGRs Summaries List Page 2 of 3 1976 'rhe Health Consequences of Smoking: A Reference Edition 1979 Smoking and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General 1979 The Health Consequences of Smoking, 1977-1978 Return so Top 1980's Surgeon General's Reports 1980 The Health Consequences of Smoking for Women: A Report of the Surgeon General 1981 The Health Consequences of Smoking the Changing Cigarette: A Report of the Surgeon General 1982 The Health Consequences of Smoking Cancer: A Report of the Surgeon General. 1983 The Health Consequences of Smoking Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General. 1984 Chron,c Obstructive Lung Disease: Summary of the Health Consequences of Smoking, A Report of the Surgeon General 1984 The Health Consequences of Smoking. Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General 1985 The Health Consequences of Smoking Cancer and Chronic Lung Disease in the Workplace: A Report of the Surgeon General, 1986 The Hearth Consequences of Using Smokeless Tobacco 1986 The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking. A Report of the Surgeon General 1988 The Health Consequences of Smoking: Nicotine Addiction: A Repor of the Surgeon General 1989 keducirg the Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General 1989 R.educ,ng the Health Consequences of Smoking: 2`S Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General: 1989 ._xecutive Summary Return t; Toh 1990's Surgeon General's Reports 1990 Smoking and Health: A National Status Report. A Report to Congre http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgrpage.htm 5/5/03 TIPS - SGRs Summaries List Page 3 of 3 1990 The Health Benefits of Smoking Cessation: A Report of the Surgeor General 1992 Smoking in the Americas: A Report of the Surgeon General. 1994 Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People: A Report of the 5urgeon General 1994 SGR 4 KIDS: The Surgeon General's Report for Kids about Smokinc 1995 Youth and Tobacco: Preventing Tobacco Use among Young People: Report of the Surgeon General 1998 Tobacco Use Among U.S. RaciaVEthnic Minority Groups: A Report s the Surgeon General Return to TW 2000's Surgeon General's Reports Re rt 2000 Tobac ,O_A Report_ o, , r 2001 Women and Smoking_A Rorlff the Susan Gen rral R-eturn o Tom. PrivacyPoticy I Accessibili�r TIPS Horne I what's New I About Us I Site Mss I gkpwt Us CDC Home I Search I Health Topics A -Z This page last reviewed April 11, 2003 Unked States Deoartment of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Office on Smokin_q and tteatttt http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgrpage.htm 5/5/03 Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of The Surgeon General - Fact Sheets Clean Indoor Air... Page 4 of 4 TopicsIF !Search j Health National Center For Chronic Disease Prevention and Healtn r3romotion IsmTobacco Information and homflon Soave Mnraj e% 9AFCR • "CAUT"I cw • rV0VLa ZIPS Home i What's New i Mission (Site I Contact Us 01r • Overview • Pumications catalog • Surgeon General's Reports • Research Data, and Reports • How To Quit • Educational Materials • New Citations • Tobacco Control Program Guidelines & Data • Celebrities Against Smoking . so" Initiathrts • Campaigns & Events • 5m_oking a.nd_Health. Database • Related Links Surgeon Generals Report Fact Sheets • Education (PDF 71 KB ) • Hi rioal (PDF 7 ) • Minors' Access to Toba>xco (ED—F.72 KB ) • Warnii� Label PDF 75 KB ) • Management of Nicotine Addiction (PDF_ ID KB , ) • US Tobacco Exports (PDF 75 KB.-' • Tobac o Taxation (PDF 100 KB ,P1) • Comprehensive Programs (PDF 72 KS Y) • Tob�ccQ Ave :sin _ Prom on (PDF 77 KB ;'h) • Tobacco Products (PDF 72 KB�) F 74 • A Call for Action (PDF 103.K ) One or more documents on this Web page is available in Portable Document Format (PDF). You will need Acrobat Reader (a free application) to view and print these documents. $SCR 2000 Resort Privacy Policy I Accessibility TIPS Home I What's NOW I Aboat us I sis• +gip 1 contact us CDC._Home I Search I Health Topics A -Z http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr-2000/sgr--tobacco—facts.htm 5/5/03 http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr_2000/factsheets/factsheet_clean.htm 5/5/03 Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of The Surgeon General - Fact Sheets Clean Indoor Air... Pagel of 4 Tobacco Information and Prevention . Whe 1992 EPA report also concluded that ETS causes serious respiratory problems in children, such as greater number and severity of asthma attacks and lower respiratory tract infections. ETS exposure increases children's risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and middle ear infections as well. . Each year ETS causes 150,000-300,000 lower respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia and bronchitis, in children. • In a large U.S. study, maternal exposure during pregnancy and postnatal exposure of the newborn to ETS increased the risk for SIDS. . Comparative risk studies performed by the EPA have consistently found ETS to be a risk to public health. ETS is classified as a group A carcinogen (known to cause cancer in humans) under the EPA's carcinogen assessment guidelines. . Several studies have documented the widespread exposure of ETS among nonsmoking adults and children in the United States. Testing nonsmokers' blood for the presence of cotinine, a chemical produced when the body metabolizes nicotine, shows that nearly 9 out of 10 nonsmoking Americans (88%) are exposed to ETS. . A 1988 National Health Interview Survey reported that an estimated 37% of the 79.2 million nonsmoking U.S. workers were employed in places that permitted smoking in designated areas, and that 59% of t--_.ri --- -_3- - ------ /- - 'I- -- "Nnnnhr--1--- 1r-- 1--- -1---- rirtn) nup://www.cuc.gOv/LUDdeco/sgr/sgr_Luvv/iacisneets/iacisneei ciean.nrnl 313/U.' TIPS Home I What's New I Mission I Site Ma A: I Contact Us Clean Indoor Air Regulations • Overview •Publikeions Catalog Fact Sheet • Suroeon General's Reports • Research, Data -and MINIMAL CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS Reports • How To Quit . As reported in 1992 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • Educational Materials (EPA), exposure to tobacco smoke in the environment can cause • New citations lung cancer in adult nonsmokers. Environmental tobacco smoke • Tobacco Control (ETS) also has been linked to an increased risk of heart disease Program Guidelines & among nonsmokers. Data • Celebrities_ Against Srnokin9 . ETS causes about 3,000 lung cancer deaths annually among adult • Sports Initiatives nonsmokers. • Campaigns & Events In 1997, the California EPA concluded that ETS causes coronary • mbd meant, Database Dase heart disease and death in nonsmokers. Scientific studies have • Related Unks estimated that ETS accounts for as many as 62,000 deaths from coronary heart disease annually in the United States. . Whe 1992 EPA report also concluded that ETS causes serious respiratory problems in children, such as greater number and severity of asthma attacks and lower respiratory tract infections. ETS exposure increases children's risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and middle ear infections as well. . Each year ETS causes 150,000-300,000 lower respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia and bronchitis, in children. • In a large U.S. study, maternal exposure during pregnancy and postnatal exposure of the newborn to ETS increased the risk for SIDS. . Comparative risk studies performed by the EPA have consistently found ETS to be a risk to public health. ETS is classified as a group A carcinogen (known to cause cancer in humans) under the EPA's carcinogen assessment guidelines. . Several studies have documented the widespread exposure of ETS among nonsmoking adults and children in the United States. Testing nonsmokers' blood for the presence of cotinine, a chemical produced when the body metabolizes nicotine, shows that nearly 9 out of 10 nonsmoking Americans (88%) are exposed to ETS. . A 1988 National Health Interview Survey reported that an estimated 37% of the 79.2 million nonsmoking U.S. workers were employed in places that permitted smoking in designated areas, and that 59% of t--_.ri --- -_3- - ------ /- - 'I- -- "Nnnnhr--1--- 1r-- 1--- -1---- rirtn) nup://www.cuc.gOv/LUDdeco/sgr/sgr_Luvv/iacisneets/iacisneei ciean.nrnl 313/U.' Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of The Surgeon General - Fact Sheets Clean Indoor Air... Page 2 of 4 these workers experienced moderate or great discomfort from ETS exposure in the workplace. • Under common law (laws based on court decisions rather than government laws and regulations), employers must provide a work environment that is reasonably free of recognized hazards. Courts have ruled that common-law duty requires employers to provide nonsmoking employees protection from the proven health hazards of ETS exposure. • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is considering regulations that would either prohibit smoking in all workplaces or limit it to separately ventilated areas. • The federal government has instituted increasingly stringent regulations on smoking in its own facilities. On August 9, 1997, President Clinton signed an Executive Order declaring that Executive Branch federal worksites be smoke-free, thereby protecting nonsmoking federal employees and thousands of citizens who visit federal facilities from the dangers of ETS. • The Pro -Children's Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-227, secs. 1041- 1044) prohibits smoking in facilities where federally funded children's services are provided on a regular or routine basis. • As of December 31, 1999, at least some degree of smoke-free indoor air laws were present in 45 states and the District of Columbia. These laws vary widely, from limited smoking restrictions on public transportation to comprehensive restrictions in worksites and public places. • Twenty states and the District of Columbia limit smoking in private worksites. Of these states, only one (California) meets the nation's Healthy People 2010 objective to eliminate exposure to ETS by either banning indoor smoking or limiting it to separately ventilated areas. • Forty-one states and the District of Columbia have laws restricting smoking in state government worksites, but only 13 of these states meet the nation's Healthy People 2010 objective. • Thirty-one states have laws that regulate smoking in restaurants; of these, only Utah and Vermont completely prohibit smoking in restaurants. California requires either a no smoking area or separate ventilation for smoking areas. ADDITIONAL BENEFITS • An additional benefit of clean indoor air regulations may contribute to a reduction in smoking prevalence among workers and the general public. Studies have found that moderate or extensive laws for clean indoor air are associated with a lower smoking prevalence and higher quit rates. http://www,cdc. gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr_2000/factsheets/factsheet_clean.htm 5/5/03 Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of The Surgeon. General - Fact Sheets Clean Indoor Air... Page 3 of 4 • The majority of smokers support smoke-free hospitals. Smokers and nonsmokers were in favor of smoke-free workplace six months after a smoke-free policy was implemented. • Employers are likely to save money by implementing policies for smoke-free workplaces. Savings include costs associated with such things as fire risk, damage to property and furnishings, cleaning, workers` compensation, disability, retirement, injuries, and life insurance. Cost savings were estimated at $1,000 per smoking employee based on 1988 dollars. • The EPA estimates a nationwide, comprehensive policy on clean indoor air would save $4 billion to $8 billion per year in building operations and maintenance costs. ESTABLISHING PUBLIC POLICY • Involuntary exposure to ETS remains a common public health hazard that is entirely preventable by adopting appropriate regulatory policies. • To fight the establishment of such policies, the tobacco industry tries to shift the focus from the science -based evidence on the health hazards of ETS to the controversial social issue of personal freedom. The industry has lobbied extensively against legislation to restrict smoking, and has supported the passage of state laws that preempt stronger local ordinances. (Preemptive legislation is defined as legislation that prevents a local jurisdiction from enacting laws more stringent than, or at a variance with, the state law.) • A case study conducted In six states found that the existence of an organized smoking prevention coalition among local citizens was a key determinant in successfully enacting clean indoor air legislation. • Smokefree environments are the most effective method for reducing ETS exposure. Healthy People 2010 objectives address this issue and seek optimal protection of nonsmokers through policies, regulations, and laws requiring smoke-free environments in all schools, work sites, and public places. Privacy Policy I Accessibility TIPS Home I What's New I About Us I Site MaD I Contact Us CDC Home I search I Health Topics A-2 This page last reviewed April 11, 2001 United States Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotlon Office on Smoking and Health http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr_2000/factsheets/factsheet clean.htm 5/5/03 Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of The Surgeon General - Fact Sheets - A Call for Action Page 1 of 3 Tobacco Information and Prevention Source (TIPS) The Surgeon General's report on Reducing Tobacco Use will give the nation a blueprint for preventing tobacco use and improving our citizens' quality of life. Each type of activity described in this report -educational, clinical, regulatory, economic, and comprehensive -has proven to be effective. Although our knowledge about tobacco control remains imperfect, we already know more than enough to take action now. If we start today, we can greatly ease the future burden of tobacco -related disease and death in our country. EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION . Increase the number of schools that fully implement the CDC's Guidelines for School Health Programs to Prevent Tobacco Use and Addiction. Less than 5% of schools nationwide currently use these guidelines, even though full implementation could help 20% to 40% of U.S. adolescents postpone or never start smoking. Establish a smoke-free and tobacco -free environment in schools, including all school facilities, property, vehicles, and school events, as called for in Healthy People 2010. In 1994 only 37% of middle, junior high, and senior high schools were free of smoke and tobacco. Fully implementing the Pro -Children's Act of 1994, which prohibits smoking in facilities that receive any federal funding for children's services, will bring us closer to the Healthy People 2010 target of http://www. cdc. gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr_2000/factsheets/factsheet_callforaction. htm 515103 TIPS x I What's New I I SiteM" I Cbntact Us A CALL FOR ACTION: • Overview • Pabflcations catalog SURGEON GENERAL'S REPORT • Sur eon General's Reports REDUCING TOBACCO USE • Research. Data,, and Reports • How To exit "if the recommendations in this report were fully implemented, the • Educational Materials Healthy People 2010 objectives related to tobacco use could be • New Citations met, including cutting in half the rates of tobacco use among young • Tobacco Control people and adults." Program Guidelines & Data -David Satcher, MD, PhD, U.S. Surgeon General • Celebrities Against Smokina %acco use, particularly cigarette smoking, is the leading cause of • Sports Initiatives • Campaigns & Events preventable illness and death In the United States. Each year, more than • Smokinq and Health. 400,000 Americans die too young because of smoking-related diseases. Database Today, nearly one in four U.S, adults and one in three teenagers smoke. • Related Links Tragically, if current trends continue, an estimated 25 million people (including 5 million of today's children) will die prematurely of a smoking- related disease. A major challenge to our nation's public health leaders and policy makers in the new millennium is to provide the support and resources necessary to carry out tobacco control programs that work. The Surgeon General's report on Reducing Tobacco Use will give the nation a blueprint for preventing tobacco use and improving our citizens' quality of life. Each type of activity described in this report -educational, clinical, regulatory, economic, and comprehensive -has proven to be effective. Although our knowledge about tobacco control remains imperfect, we already know more than enough to take action now. If we start today, we can greatly ease the future burden of tobacco -related disease and death in our country. EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION . Increase the number of schools that fully implement the CDC's Guidelines for School Health Programs to Prevent Tobacco Use and Addiction. Less than 5% of schools nationwide currently use these guidelines, even though full implementation could help 20% to 40% of U.S. adolescents postpone or never start smoking. Establish a smoke-free and tobacco -free environment in schools, including all school facilities, property, vehicles, and school events, as called for in Healthy People 2010. In 1994 only 37% of middle, junior high, and senior high schools were free of smoke and tobacco. Fully implementing the Pro -Children's Act of 1994, which prohibits smoking in facilities that receive any federal funding for children's services, will bring us closer to the Healthy People 2010 target of http://www. cdc. gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr_2000/factsheets/factsheet_callforaction. htm 515103 Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of The Surgeon General - Fact Sheets - A Call for Action Page 2 of 3 100% smoke-free schools. CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS Begin providing universal insurance coverage of evidence -based treatment for nicotine dependency as called for in Healthy People 2010. It is estimated that smoking cessation programs are more cost-effective than other commonly provided clinical preventive services, including screening for cervical, breast, and colon cancer; treatment of mild to moderate high blood pressure; and treatment of high cholesterol. Encourage more physicians to advise their patients to quit smoking. This simple intervention could produce quit rates of 5% to 10% per year. • Combine behavioral counseling with pharmacologic treatments such as nicotine gum or nicotine patches. A combination of counseling and treatment can produce 20% to 25% quit rates after one year. REGULATORY INTERVENTIONS Increase smoking bans to reduce people's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). ETS contains more than 4,000 chemicals; of these, at least 43 are known carcinogens. ETS is still a common public health hazard that can be easily eliminated, and smoking bans are the most effective method for reducing ETS exposure. Healthy People 2010 calls for an increase in laws that prohibit smoking or limit it to separately ventilated areas in public places and worksites. • Strengthen warning labels on tobacco products sold in the United States. Current U.S. labels are weaker and less conspicuous than those in other countries. Better regulate the advertising, promotion, and sale of tobacco products in the United States. Tobacco marketing here is considerably less restricted than in several other countries, notably Canada and New Zealand. U.S. youth have easy access to tobacco -a high proportion of underage smokers across the country continue to be able to purchase their own tobacco. Healthy People 2010 calls for more states to suspend or revoke retail licenses for violating laws that prohibit the sale of tobacco to minors. Stricter regulation of selling and promoting tobacco products is needed to keep young people from starting to smoke. To protect young people around the world, make exported tobacco products subject to the same laws as domestic tobacco products. Federal laws and regulations concerning the packaging and advertising of domestic cigarettes do not apply to tobacco products exported from the United States. http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr_2000/factsheets/factsheet callforaction.htm 5/5/03 Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of The Surgeon General - Fact Sheets - A Call for Action Page 3 of 3 ECONOMIC INTERVENTIONS Raise tobacco prices to Healthy People 2010 target levels by increasing the average federal and state tax on tobacco products to $2.00 for both cigarettes and spit tobacco products. Research shows that increasing the price of tobacco products would decrease the prevalence of tobacco use, particularly among minors and young adults. However, both the average price of cigarettes and the average cigarette excise tax in this country are well below those in most other industrialized countries, and the taxes on smokeless tobacco products are well below those on cigarettes. COMPREHENSIVE INTERVENTIONS • Allocate more Master Settlement Agreement funds to tobacco control. The National Conference of State Legislatures reported that less than 10% of tobacco settlement funds appropriated by state legislatures in fiscal year 2000 were allocated for tobacco prevention and control programs. Reduce the cultural acceptability of tobacco use. By carrying out a comprehensive program that Includes educational, clinical, regulatory, and economic interventions, we can change the social environment that makes tobacco use acceptable. Finally, while putting all these activities Into motion, we must focus on making the elimination of tobacco -related health disparities a priority. Cultural, ethnic, religious, and socioeconomic differences clearly are important in understanding patterns of tobacco use. For example, the average smoking rate among American adults is 24%, but among Native American adults is 34%. People with 16 or more years of education smoke much less than people with 9 to 11 years of education -11% and 36%, respectively. Achieving the goal of eliminating tobacco -related health disparities will require stronger research efforts to find new and more effective interventions for our nation's diverse population groups. Privacy Policy I Accessibility TIPS Home I What's New I About Us I Site Map I Contact Us CDC Home I Search I Health Topics A -Z This page last reviewed April 03, 2003 U.iited ,tate; Departmenof Health and Hunan tiernces Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Pror+noUon Office ,r Smoking and Heald. http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr_ 2000/factshoets/factsheet-,califoraction.htm 5/5/03