HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0013.168 2002-2004 Jun 17 0~~04:41a ACS 5249072 p.l
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has Trmsmission: (71118) 9G1-8912 'Total hxges Transmitted: 1$
(Pl(•nsa di.Yrrihutr• tr) all thr Cnuneilmrmh('re. Muny thunk,,~
T'U: Honorable James Arakaki, Chair and Presiding Ofric~C)
- „ .v Honorable J, Curtis Tyler, Vicc. Chair Z~ r f-7 !
F.rl. .,u Honuruhle Aaron Chung .~7
Honorable Ln:ningrad Elarionoff
hl n5ar, .,o-rrr. .Y.'n«2o/ 1-Ionorahk Bob Jacohson irr- 3
nwodnlu, /!I 'lhKq Honorable Bobby Jcatt Jleithead-Todd 2 r-. f''i
Trr-rarnp naz-au~ Honorable Jtx; 72c olds D - v V
Honorable Gary S;tfltrik D_ •
Honorable Fred Holschuh ~
Govcmin¢ Boats
/e r Mnr61ur4 J'G. D. ('ludr
(i.,„.r,;...rrr.r,,c,.r,rr•,' FRUM• Clifford Chang
DATE: June 16, 2003
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c„~,~r •1.rr„ru,h,,,, 12E: lnlbnnation regarding the health hazards of exposure to second hand smoke
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n,..r,,,,,,, r,,,,,,~,~ er•r,.•n. Council Chair Ar;rkaki :md members of the 1 [:rwai'i County Council:
n,,,.•r,rr,n //rnnneoruv,n~.nr We understand that in the discussion and debate regarding nc~ passage of Bilt 260, lhoec.
„/v/r, w.,; v
who oppose the passa;c ul'thc bill have proscnte:d information t0 the COUIICII that questions
Arnrmew Lmg A.'arr.'ia,ion ~
y„„~;•; whether second hand smoke is indeed harmful- It i5 possible you have ru:eived
r.,nrrrxr,r,r..,~, <,•no,. information regarding n recent study published in the Briti.eh Maliad Jtrurnal (BMJ) and
'~lm,wr„; the World Ilcalth Organization (WHO) x[udy.
Nuwvu'~ Ldnnd'(nburr'r, r•'ar
You will he uttcrestcd to know That nn Philip Morris' own wcbsitc regarding second h:uul
14,rmrr.rh,p- Wrar Noweu', ~In OiCC, they LCkItOW sedge [hat °tiiC L'OACILe&i0I1J' of pGl7hl lreuhh ufJ7CluGS COIICCrninb•
N., w.,: hlydir,rf nr.arrur,mr !'fl VlrOnn7CR/Gl l(/h!{CCp .CnlO/C(• (1rC SUf~[/PYII !r1 WGrr(!RI M(!fA,1'!/7(•,,' rhUr I•@~'Ulrll(' ,\'D3r/k4n•( !n
u.,..r,; . Mr,/i,,,f /I,rhlir plorr.r. " 1 have cal :md paslul This page bcluw, but 1 encourage you u) writ the
.errv,a~.r ncc„r;r.nr,n website yourself at
H,nv,nv $anr nrnr,nmrro <http://www.philipmorrixu.a.eom/health issues/•eeondhand_smokc.asp>.
rn 1•a,,,,r„r.,.
Thi,~ wcbsitc crmt:tins links to a number of swrlics on sucOnd hand smoke.
/lnr+au'i p'lulr Drpurnnenr
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M1lam !'uL„rr'+ /•i're 1'Grun•r.alJp U S A
Philip Morrls JN
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,r,,' „'~.,r, r.r,: rc,r/ Secondhand Smoke
Arn Mnr,•.
,rr,r, P,,,r,,,,rn, esn Public health officials have concluded that secondhand smoke trom cigarettes causes
n„u,,,,,.v ,,,.r.,,,r,,, ~ n disease, including lung cancer and hears disease, in non-smoking adults, as well as
causes conditions !n children such as asthma, respiratory inleotions, cough, wheeze,
vn/) otitis media (mlddle ear infection) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. !n addition,
rofn,rn ('l„rs. Mrrr, cu/-;.,' Public health of/icials have concluded that secondhand smoke can exacerbate adult
o;.,,rrr„- asthma and cause eye, throat and nasal irritation. Secondhand smoke, also known as
xrr,, es„!, environmental tobacco smoke or ETS, is a combination of the smoke coming from the
r •.,"^^^.,.,.,r,n,.. r ^,.,•e„„n,~, lir end of ~ cigarette plus the smoke exhaled by a person smoking.
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Cn . r Rnula• nrAmrurv Cnnrdinruor
Comm.
1 •u,,,f<•d in Purf Iry rhr Ref. To:
Ii..Lrn WhuAJn,rneon Po,..,dnnrm
Ref. Dote
Jun 17 03 04:42a fiCS 5249072 p,2
page 2
The public should be guided by the conclusions of public health off(cialS regarding the health effects of
secondhand smoke in deciding whether to be in placos where secondhand smoko is present, or if
they mr o ,cookers, when and where to smoke around others. Partlcular care should be exercised
where children are concerned, and adults should avoid smoking around them.
Philip Morns USA believes that the conclusions of public health of/icials concerning environmental
tobacco smoke are sufficient to warrant measuros that regulate smoking in public p/aces. We also
believe that where smoking is permitted, the government should roquire the posting of warning
notices that communicate public health oHlclals' conclusions that secondhand smoke causes disease
in non-smokcrs-
F~'egarding [he study by llr. Enstrom published in the BMJ, I am faxing to you the press release from the;
American Cancer Stxiety regarding the Flawed use of their data by Dr. Emtrom.. You may also be
intere>ICd lu know drat Dr. Enslrom's study was previously rejected by the by the Journ:d of the American
Medical Association, the New England Journal of Medicine and the American Journal of Epidemiology
before it was accepted by the British Medical Journal. In fact, the British Mcdicnl Association (BMA)
itscll', which doesn't set day-lo-day policy for the BMJ, has denounced the study. In a statement, they said
the data were "inadequate to accurately measure passive smoking." The BMA has been calling for a ban on
snxtkinl; in public places since 19RR.
I am also faxing to you the abstracts from two recent studies that do not rely on epidemiological smdics,
but tlenkmslralc clinically th;n exposure w swontl h:utd smoke (SHJ) has ;t diroct ofl'co1 un cardiac
1'unetion.`1 am also faxing the abstract from a study dune in Hong Kong demonstrating a dcaz dose
response hetwu;n exposure to second bond smoke in the workplace and the incidence of respiratory
symptoms among, olliccrs who have novcr smukcd.
would also like to call your attention ro the CD the Coalition has mailed to you previvusly (nn 1^cbruary
14, 2003) which contains severtl of key repttrts on second hand smoke, including the California EPA
report, the response by the WHO regarding the misuse of their study results, and in particular, the study
dear demnnslrated t/re irnprnvt•rncnt of worktrr lero/!1t in Cntifiirnia bars and favrrnx jnllnwinp~ t/tece
establislrments ,t!niu,~ smukefree. I have included the listing of the contents of this CD for your reference.
A three ring binder with a hard ropy of all the contents on the CD has bwn sent to Councilmcmbcr Fred
I lulschuh ;utd should bu available lhatugh his ol7icc. Please Icl me know if you would like another copy of
this CD - l can be reached via our toll-free nttghbor island number at 1-Sd8-227-7107 ext. ] 16, directly at
508-432-91 16, or by email at <clifford.ch:utg<r~tcanccr.or~.
Once again, we appreciate the Council's strong suppott for protecting the health oC t01 workers on the Big
lsland from expose re to second hand srnokc in their workplace. We look forward to the opportunity on
.tune I S"' ut support the passage of a bill that protects all workers.
ti I?eCYe'Iy,
~
Clil'liur r~t~,lt}LNIPL.1. IIEs
Dire~tpr
Jun 17 03 04:42a RCS 5249072 p,3
For Immediate Release: May 75, 2003
FOR MORE INFORMAYtON. CONTACT.
.Jack~o Vounp
Amonran Cunccr Sacirty Flawnn r'aralc
Direstljne: M132-nta~
CWT: 371555
h~4in y0unf~~Onr,npnr.Orn
Tobacco Industry-Funded Study Meant to Confuse Public About
Secondhand Smoke
On Friday, M:ry 16. the. rosults o1'a misleading tobacco industy-funded study using; data from
the Attxrican Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study (CC'S-1) wilt be released, confusing the:
public about sceundhand smoke. Brian Isscll, MD. I'rcsident of the Amcric;ut Cancer Society in
Hawaii said, "Reputable scientists arc appalled Thal the tobacco industry has succ~ded in giving
visibility w a study using Ilawcd ntulhodulat;y lu Atlscly conclude lh, t cnvironrtu;nlal tobacco
smoke (ETS) may not affect hmfi cancer risk-"
Ur. James GJtstrarn, the author of the study published in fire 8rili,rh Mc•rlicul.An~rrrnl,
sought and recavcd signilicant funding from (hc tobacco indusu'y's Center for Indoor Air
Kenc,ncL. Michael J 'T'han, Ml~, the ,lnxric:m ('ancer Society's national vice president of
epidcmtotogy and surveillance research remarked that, '"TM; American Cancer Society
wclconn~s thuughlful, indchcndcnl pcu review of oui d;ua. l3ul this study is neilhor reli;lblu nor
independent."
Scientific Flaws of the titudy
'fhe new 6tuily users d:U:t from the; nincrirur Cancer Socrety's C:mcer Prevention Study 1
(CPS-I). During the course ol'ihe analysis, Society rese:u'ehers rcFx-aledly advised Dr. Enstrorn
ihul using ('PS-I tLua w study the cflccls of ccconclh:uul unokc would Ic:ul to unrcliahlc rosuhs.
The analysis is bayed on a small subset (10%) of the CPS-i data.
• 'I'hc study sul'li~is from a crgica) dosigu Iraw~ the iitabilily w di.elint;uish In:oplc who
were exposed to secondhand smoke Gom those who were not
American Cancer lonely
Hawaii Pacific, rnc.
'':70 Nu'nanii Avr~v ir, I Innnl,ihL I Idw.nS 'm:q / 1 /tn
~'h. ~u• (~fl`{)'.n'. /'x'10-1i (;a6:1 .'•I lln~n i.ui .r lnL t:uuQ ..,.'•I•,•impnwww,.u,,~i, y
Jun 17 03 04:42a ACS 5249072 p.4
o l'articip;tnls wcrc uu•ollcd in 1959, when exposure IU su;undhand SRtoko was
so perv;tsjve that virtually everyone wax exposed to ETS, whether or nut they
wcrc murrrcd to a smoker.
o No inforrnution was colh:clod on other sources pf CTS exposure besides
spousal smoking.
o Nu utformation on smoking habits after 1972 ware included in the :utalysis,
ever, though the observation period continuc;d for another 26 years.
O Study p:u'ucipams wcrc, on average, 52 years old at cnrollmcnl. Many spouses
who reported smoking in 1959 would have died, quit smoking, or ended the
marnagc during the 3b-your follow-up, yet their sut'viving partners arc still
classiGcd as "exposed" to FTS in this :malysis,
o Much of the; fellow-up of CPS-t Itu'ough 1998 pertains to older age groups
where the cl7ccls of many cnvironntcnt:d rixk I':u;lors bc;c:otttc Icss app:uvnt.
Study Problems lead to Tobacco Money
The sutdy was initi:dly funded by the •l'on:u;cu-Related uisc;ueu Research Progr:utt, lhu
group [hat oversees rescarch funds earnmrkcd from proceeds raised by California's state cigarette
t;tx. When Ur. lnstrom was denied additional funding from the program's scicn[itic, peer-review
panel, he sought and rccciccd substantial funds from the Center for Indoor Air Resatreh (C.IAR),
a tobacco eontpany 'research group' funded by Philip Morris, among others.
A confidential 19FFI industry memo points to ('IAR ;rs part ol';t st r;negy to "sot up a Ic:un
of sciennsts organized by one national coordinating scientist and American lawyers, to.., carry
out ~~~:~°t'. un L:'1'S to keep the conu'uvcrxy alive." News ol'that memo was reported in the /iriri.,•Ir
Medical Journal, the journal publishing the current study (AMJ, May 31, 1997).
In a J;utuary 15, I )97 letter, Ur. Cnstront tell. Richard Carchman. P1tD, Philip Morris'
direelirr of scientific afFtirs. that "~a) substantial rescarch cornnulment on your part is necessary
in order ]or me to effectively compete against the large mountain of epidemiologic data and
opinion th:u ahC.t(ly exists regarding the hcahh effects of fiTS :md active smoking."
Jun 17 03 04:42a ACS 5249072 p.5
Ahilip Morris apparently sharod doubts about his methods. An internal docurrx;nt dated
t:ebru;uy 6, 1997 ("Short Comments to the Proposed Research... Submitted by J.E. Enstroni'1
reads: "Death cc;rtificutes arc generally considered to be not the lxst source of informuhon," and
"the amount of money aeked for sterns rather high when considering the work proposed. The
outcontc. most probably, will not add much new scientific infprntalion." Thc. roviewcr did sec :u
Icast one use for Dr. Enstrom: "Thc applicant :;cents to have good connection>/resources which
might he uscl'uI in the lidurc for other issues." Ur. I;nsu'om received lho funds.
What Is the Relationship I;etwecn Secondhand Smoke and Lung Cancer?
I :u more reliable lour exist which clearly show an cl'ICCI of secondhand smoky One of
those is a much more comprehensive study, also done by the ArrICrlCan Cancer Society, called
the Cancer Prevention Study I1 (C.PS-il). CPS-1L
• l;nrolled patients in the I9ROs, when there was much less exposures to tobacco smoky
outside the home, and therefore far less 'background noise'
• Is alx,ul 10 tintcs as larl~c as Dr. Gnslnmis study
• Has much lx;tter follow up, with more than 9910 of those originally entered into the
study having Lx;wt successfully contacteJ and followed up
• Clearly shows an increased rrak of lung cancer and heart disease
"CPS-II is one of more than 50 studies now pubhshcd that have shown non-snx,kurs
married to smokers have an increased risk of lung cancer," said Harmon 1. Eyre, MD, the
SociGy's n;dlonal chid' ntcdicd ulliccr. "Tltcsc. studios Itavc lx;cn xcruliniZl;d by tttulliplc
independent scientific consensus committees, as well as the U.S. Surgeon General, all of which
ccrtily lheii credibility. Most recently, the lnternational Agcney I'or Research on C:mecr (IAI2(')
reviewed the evidence and concluded secondhand or environntcotal tobacco smoke is
ulrcinogcmc to humans,
"13:ui science can haunt us for gcnctdions." added Dr, Eyre. "And ret_rcu:tbly, if
yuysttonablc studies make it to publication, [hc damage is done."
fur more inlbnttauon anytink, call toll li~u; 1-ti00-ACS-2345 or visit www.c:pt~u;arg,.
lFfk#
Jun 17 03 04:43a ACS 5249072 p.6
JAMA and Others Rejected Enstrom ETS Study
7ho flawed Enstrom study claiming that environmCntal tobacco smoke is not hafmful (detailed in last week's
Focus) was previously rejected by the Journal of the American Medical Association, the New England Journal of
Medicine and the American Journal of Epidemiology before rt was accepted by the British Medical Joumal.
In fact, the British Metlical Association itself, which doesnt set day-to-day policy forthe BMJ, has denounced the
study. In a statement, they said LhC data were "inatlequatC to accuratoly measure passive smoking." The BMA
has been Calling for a ban on smoking in public places since 1988.
Below is the telling rejection ICttM sent to Dc Enstrom by JAMA,
American btedica! .Association
Cat+kW'at rkd aafWt laiM MuadN 4iarlra . '
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lir lrrrad afMre..,.rie.n s15 TW4 sal.9vu:t 712 es,-aooo
Nefed.urnrriM C'11Mato. CRooiadaalp 37216-`.a7A Fax
AuLest 5996
Jamm E. Eroaronn, PhD, MPH:
UCLA Sek0o1 Of puhllc HeitOl
]0oj'o3 ]s Canoe Ave
,,,~dcs, sal 90024-1772
]it bit N SC6759, "Enviro171naRat Toluco $m0ke aed Lung Chtwr 3a
Dear Dr. F.astrom~
I rrrC[ tact ws cantwt oobliak rnar papa ~.rorironrtmm~l TobaoCO Smote and Lv~ Caoccr
in VonlAan3Sng Wotton~' A ReiNtytiz.` Tao re..iere[><Da4 inallJr oomme~ for Ne editors r0
gvidu our decision.
7ba edioors bdiae shat tL1a opia3an piece is IuU ofspCCttiadve lsaaolptioW Of doahrfat
seaotific vallu. We eoWd aqt Jnd~r the tlterll'f CP you CiRitjaTaa f>caate your owe duo and
fiedlods wee w ioadteJuetdy dese[iypd. T !mold add that ypur article wnitailal poJarauve
rnlltnletrcs Ulu shodd hoe no plaeC in rmponibiie seimtifie ditcoatso.
Becsute at N,y we were aalafpie so give your 1atn1ttC7QC the sceodiagty 111gh pxiodty
l1aCaS4ary far ac:eetanee_
Shank you for ypor'~t/n/e~)eres[ U3 71tG loaraai.
~ YourYaur:
s~ ~.~2
DnammoCd Rennie,. MD
Deputy EGmr (Wet)
~ 12) 46a-aa23
Jun 17 03 04:43a ACS 5249072 p.7
News Tips for Sunday, June 8
From the Second Asia Pacific Scientific Forum,
June 8-l0, 2003, Hilton Hawaiian Village, Honolulu, Hawaii
To complement our news releases, here arc additional news tips reported by Ncws Mtxlia
Relations. Note: Stories arc embargoed until papers arc presented or poster sessions begin.
Times are indicated with each entry. For more information contact Carole Bullock (808) 947-
7945 in l lonolulu, or Julie Oct Barto (bmade:ut) with Ncws Media Relations in Dallas: {214)
706-1330.
All embargo times arc noted in both
Hawaii Standard'fime and Eastern Daylight Time
10 a.m. HS'C (4 p.m. EDT) Sunday, June 8 -Abstract P12 --dust 30-minutes of second-
hand smoke is bad for blood vessels. Researchers found that in nonsmokers, a 30-minute
cxposurc to second-hmrd smoke causal a sil.~nillcant increase in blood levels of8-isopmtane, a
biological marker Cor oxidation. pxrdation occurs when highly reactive oxygen molcculos called
free radicals damage cells. ltescarchers believe that some of the adverse effects of smoking may
result from oxidative d:~magc to the endothelial cells tJmt line the interior of blocxl vessels. The
study included 30 healthy Japanese men - LS smokcTS and 15 nonsmokers. Before and aRer a
30-minute cxposurc to second-hand tobacco smoke, researchers took blood samples from
participants to determine planla lcvcls of 8-isopro4~nc. 'I'hcy also measured flow-mediated
dilation (I~MD) to detemninc how smoke exposure would affect blood flow, which is an
indication ofcndotheliul function. They found that in nonsmokers, cxposurc to second-hand
smoke increased the mc,~n 8-isoprotane lcvcls from 26.9 pmollmmol to 37.8 pmol/mmol.
~lonsmokcrs also showul a significant decrease in mean lcvcls of FMD from 10.9 percent to S
percent. However, they found no ;:ignifcant chanlles in these measurements among smokers.
Toru Kato, M.D., Ph.D., Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical School, Kawagoe,
Japan; 81-49-228-3587; torumcd3S&)saitama-mcrl.ac.jp.
Jun 17 03 04:43a RCS 5249072 p.e
acute tttccts of f'assrve Smoking on the Coronary Circu4Ltion is Healthy Young Adults Page 1 of 2
( IDtO A IOM~RIU H'TR[AMA i[O~i[R [IT[tlii
RY[RtRlar / R%MIRTi:N R Ms;.'y:fC> g. /Y[L?AFE rLLL 1'LZr • r.7ilt [l. s;xr 1S [Li1tp IF'IR6
VOt.286NO.4, "!I~ CURR[NTISSYC IRD PhS~[3
~ July 25, 2001 ?
Clinica/Investigation
Rer Or nll3 •Rntl[ Acute Effects of Passive Smoking on the
Coronary Circulation in Healthy Young Adults
Soa Related:
A. i le
AuthOCsJ~IT]clas al RYo Otsuka, MD; fikoyuki Watanai5ti, MD; Kumiko Hiriara, MD;
Kotaro Tokai, MD; Takashi Mu% MD; M/noru Voshryama, MD;
Kawhlde TaketKYN, MD; JuniMi Yoshikawa, MD
Context Recent studies have shown that passive smoking is a risk
Hf:SS1C0
tq fader for Ischemic heart disease and may be a550Ciated with
Sable O.f.C0.CK01Jt5 vascular endothelial dysfunction. The acute effects of passive
smoking on coronary circulation in nonsmokers are not known.
Avft)oNAtt(cle ObjeMlve To determine the acute effects of passive smoking on
!l1191ri11tiQn. coronary circulation using coronary flow velOdry reserve (CFVR),
_ assessed by noninvasive transthoracic Doppler echocardiography.
Oesfgn, Setting, and Partfetpants Cross-sectional study
conducted }rem September 2000 to November 2000 among 30
Japanese men (mean ago, 27 years; 1 S heaRhy nonsmokers and
t5 asymptomatic active smokers) without history of hypertension,
diabetes mellitus, or hypedipidemia.
Main Outcome Measures Coronary flow velocity reserve,
calculated as the ratio of hyperemic to basal coronary flow velocity
induced try intravenous illusion of adehOSine triphosphate and
measured in each participant before and after a 30-minute
exposuro to environmental tobacco smoke.
Results Heart rate and Dlot)d pressurC responses to adenosine
triphosphato infusion wore not affected by passive Smoking
exposure in either group. Passive smoking exposure had no effect
on basal coronary flow velocity in either group. Moan (SD) CFVR in
nonsmokers was significantly higher than that in actve smokers
before passive smoking exposure (4.4 (0.91] vs 3.6 [0.8~,
respectively; P..02). while CFVR after passive smoking exposure
did not d'rffer between groups (P = .83). Passive smoking exposure
significanty reduced mean (SD) CFVR in nonsmokers (4.4 [0.91]
http://jam:L.:una-:,ssn.org/issucs/v2KC>n4/ab~/jci t0(IOS.hvn1 12/6/2002
Jun 17 03 04:43a RCS 5249072 p.9
Acute Effects of Passive Smoking on the Coronary Circulation in Healthy Young Adults Pagc 2 of 2
vs 3.4 (0.73], respectively; P<.001).
Conclusions Passive smoking substantially reduced CFVR in
healthy nonsmokers. This finding provides direct evidence that
passive smoking may Cause entlothelial dysfunction of the coronary
circulation in nonsmokers.
JAMA. 200 i;
286:436-44 f
ASllLIw19Qi.CJe View Full TeZct
Information
Author/Article Information
Author Attlliations: Department of Internal Medicine and
Cardiology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
Corcesponding Author and Reprittta: Hiroyuki Watanabe, MD,
Department of Internal Medicine and Cardoiogy, Osaka City
University Medical School, t-4-3 Asahimachi Apeno-ku, Osaka
City, Japan say-85!35 (e-mail: w~tanabe~med.o~~-CU•ac•jR).
Author Centr34utions: Study concept and design: Otsuka,
Watanabe. Muro, Yoshikama, Takeuchi, Yoshikawa.
Acpuisition of data: Otsuka. Watanabe, Hirata, Tokai.
Analysis and interpretation o/data: Otsuka, Watanabe.
~ralting of the manuscript Otsuka, Watanabe, Hirata, Tokai, Muro.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intolhxtual content:
Otsuka, Watanabe, Hirata, Yoshlyama. Takeuchi, Yoshikawa.
Statistics/ oxpert/se: Otsuka, Watanabe, Hirata.
Administrative, technical, or materialsuppoR:Otsuka, Watanabe,
Hirata, Tokai, Muro.
Study supervision-Watanabe, Voshiyama, Takeuchi, Yoshikawa.
• ~ 2p01 Amt[itan Metlicul Axvociation. All [ighu raccrv~,
M ..a'alw:n ~.:viVZV fsORT CUr: ChOOSC aJOUmaI .
Jun 17 03 04:43a AC, 5249072 p•10
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a er.ia.r. w rte twww an ro[va[e or
Pe ATnken MetlfoOASaeaMeen.
Even a L' ittfe Secondhand Smoke
Is Dangerous
e~~ ti Gkm~. p~ of nonvmoken utdtsnn tabable from [hat of
WIO~am W. Pazml~e
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stforlnrtoatOacrwwsMOxcuruvccnaatroen- ~°7~owvekdry[neneDe[oreaadaGcaAtn+nsua-
deetand the assatlated wf rtt beachi~ sx. O°6 adecwaitte aipha~pLaeeusfog o-noe~r~a Doppler eeh'
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haodredso[ooesmomdHo6adrn.c[adlawssmoloti ~dtnb.whohaveaoendcooeoteo[oaaeydueax.S>1S-
heewbrltplatwe.®sokt-&oeresamamia.utdtatolm.Geehars. °~attts7. tbese snbstanbal changes ie tadothelinl fvne-
CalUorloo roCptue aIIworiophheec. mduditgtecaimsm and don were avtanocfa[ed wtth ehangrsw6ae[mte orbtood
bsnc, m be amoios.Lee3~' Ibe theme !n [he World Hadf6 ta~dodteif.l d hmedoa maf br at the bean o[ the de-
Orgmod~adon's Wand Ne iobacm yHy in 2001 vn[s'ehrm
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Jun 17 03 04: 44a f~CS 5249072 p. 12
• •..~•t~w onwxe cxposurc nmong Yolicc Of~iccrs in Hong Kong; Pagc 1 of 2
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1' •
Vo1.284 No. 6, ' cuRRrRT 1<•.u[ ~RUru•. rn:- r,5u[•.
Auguse s, 2000 ' ~ Letter From Hong Kong
Y°r Or TNi? nRTI(~I
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure
rule re'xr
Among Police Officers in Hong Kong
Sec Related:
Authors._Artclea
U Tai Hang Lam, MO; Lai Ming Ho, PhD; Anthony J. Hadloy, MD;
Poymano Adab, MBGhB; Richard Holding, PhD; Sarah M. McGheo.
PhD; L. Aharonson-Daniel, PhD
Rrturn to Context Few epidemiologiG~l studies have examined the
Ta,Qlw ot_COnt~nts relationship between chronic respiratory Symptoms and exposure to
environmontal tobacco Smoke (ETS) at work in adults, and none
have shown clear dose-response rolationshlps.
~uthgr/Arbclf~l
Into~tion Objective To examine the respiratory effects of ETS exposure at
home antl at work among never-smoking adults.
Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional, sclf-
administered questionnaire survey Conducted in December 1995
and January 1996 among 4468 male and 728 (emal0 police officers
in Bong Kong who were never-smokers.
Main Outcomo Mo~suros Respiratory symptoms and physician
consultation in the previous 14 days for such symptoms by presence
and amount of ETS exposure at work
Results Eighty percent of both men and women reported ETS
exposure at work. Sign cant odds ratios (ORs) for respiratory
symptoms were found among men with ETS exposuro at work (for
any respiratory symptoms, difference in absolute rate, 20.4%; OR,
2.33; 95% tonfdence interval [CIJ, 1.97-2.75: attributable risk, 57%)
and physician consultation (difference in absolute rate, 4,5'yo: OR,
1.30; 95% CI, 1.05-1.61; attributable risk, 23%). Trends were similar
among women for any respiratory syrtfptoms (difference in absolute
rate, 15.4%; OR, 1.63; 95% Cl, 1.04-2.56; attributable risk, 39%)
and for physician consultation (difference in absoluto rates, 2.8%:
OR, t.45; 95% CI, 0.87-2.41; attributable risk, 31%). Positive dose-
responsc rolationshlps wRh number of coworkers Smoking nearby
and amount of ETS exposure in the work place wore fountl.
Conclusions This study provides further evidence of the serious
health hazards assfxiated with ETS cxposurc at work. Tho findings
support a bon on smoking in the workplace to protect all workers in
both developed and developing countries
help://jams,amr-:k+sn.orffissues/v284nG/abs/ilft)0012.hrrnl innnnn; I
Jun 17 03 04:44a RCS 5249072 p. 13
Lnvitonmcniai t obact:o Smoke Exposure Among Police Officers in Hong Kong Page 2 of 2
JMIVIM. 4VVV, L OY. / JV~/ VJ
Au~NArticle View Full T~1Q
infprmahOn
Author/Article Information
Author ~iiations: Department of Community Medicine antl
Behavioural Sciences Unit, UniveBity of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. '
Corresponding Author and Reprints: Tai Hing lam, MD,
Department of Community Medicine, Univcrslty Of Hong Kong,
Patrick Manson Building South Wing, 7 Sassoon Rd. Mong Kong,
China (e-mail: hrmdth, ct hkucc _hku_~).
FundinglSupport: This study was Supported by grants from the
Mong Kong Ponce Department and the Hong Kong Pollee Training
School, Hong Kong Government,
Acknowledgment: We thank C. M. Wong, PhD, for research advice
and assistance: A. S. M. Abdullah, PhD. J. Chuang, M. Chi, D. Ho.
PhD, D. Kwan. K W, lee, antl S. Ma tOr data processing and field
work.
Section Editor: Annette Flanagin, RN, MA, Managing Senior Editor.
~ 7.000 American 'vicdical Asxocia~iun. Ali ri,vhts :rscrved.
~~`•~,aii~q r•i, .,r swOr~cur: ChooSeaJournal ~
Jun 17 03 04: 44a RC; 5249072 p. 14
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