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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0387.002 2004-2006 CASE HISTORY THE GRAND WAILEA RESORT AND SPA 3 IXn v1:(~. "li; 'a..: ",Y%%' d 1 S ~ a rr ~ hrough trite cortsis- ~ tent use o~f•l~'O CYrnipost. ~ w~'ur sucrrss~i~ll}/ rnetaA ` our laradsca~~r gonls.. tint( thr d~s~asc prohlrnrs wr usc~cl 1o hacr~ urc~ rdl but gong... our ph~nts cue now nanrrrdly rc~sistanl." PROBLEM SOLUTION MIKE BURG ETT~ Despite a healthy appearance due to an aggressive ~ 5 acres of Luaue DIRECroR ~rLnNOSCnPINc granular and liquid fertilizer program, the turf was fern beds and GRnND Wnu En RFSOKC 8- SPn sCarting to yellow because of the high salt levels and Bougainvillea WAIEEA, Mnul, Hnwnu elevated pH. Fern beds and planters were chlorotic planters:(/4" I Bob) B75-iz~ia with a dry appearance, suffered from mite infestations topdressing of and recovered slowly after trimming. EKO Compost. Seashore Paspalum Turf: 3/8 - 1/2" topdressing. RESULTS Within 2-4 weeks the fe°rns and Bougainvilleas had attained a lush healthy appearance. They recovered from trim- ming 30-40%, faster, and insect problems had noticeably decreased. Q The turf responded fo the topdressing within 1 week with vigorous green growth. COnM11 Z Water consumption was reduced by 30%. Rif. To; p Fertilizer consumption was reduced by 50'%.. Rte- Gg1s Weeding was reduced by 70%. CONTACT OUR EKO PLANTS Missoula, MT (800) 232-5356 EKO~oM~t Lewiston, ID (800) 746-5947 rurtHS oinr ir+ro son Maui, HI (808) 572-8844 ~,I~~r~ ~~.Ft~ ~l fns USING EKO C.UMPOST ~ N LANDSCAPES i i PLANTING BEDS ! Compost rebuilds the physical struclur~~ and I,•rul~ly ut the soil, pronwling root f;rowih ,md resistance to stress. I l . Prepare compost blend using ;o°„ r ompost, 3U",~ peat moss anal 20°/, pumice or vermin ulite. 2 Rohrtill bed area to a depth of (~-8': Evenly apply a 2" layer uvoi the bed using rake, spreader, small ,grading blade or front-end loader. ~ i. Re-till the bed to a depth of h-8". Pre-planting fertilizer may be applied he(ore tilling. d. (imtour and smooth the bed by raking or dragging the soil surfaro. Insert plants with appropriate spacing and firm soil in place. Seeds should be raked into the soil to a depth of 1/4'". Water or drip irrigate. TREE AND SHRUB BACKFILL ` Compost helps ensure plant establishment and survivability by promoting early root growth, especially in poor soils. I. Prepare compost hlr°nd using 3S°4, compost and 65°k. native soil. (i 2. Dig a hole 2-3 times the width of the rootball and equal to its height In clay soils, the hole should be slightly shallower than the roof I ball. Roughen sides of the ~,i~r hole so roots can y~' penetrate more easily. ~ a <,l,rt~... II a i i it it it I~irn~ i~.ii is ~ it ~ ~d,,i I r, Cl ~ ~ ~i~il ~r,. ~ r i 6 n~ I sou t hth~r~~ ~n h ri ~ II and a ~,rl. l~ r hrdi! rci -m~ i in nrl ~Ir~r .~~.i r I :~~s~~r f <i ~~na.;r A~,i ~ r~,~~l Ih ~n nudr h .wound Ihr~ pl t~v and xam. A~~~ tltro• dn~~-ur~,tb~ I d tr i .~r r-I, until ~~"inl i. r~l,~~l~'~ishtd- nrl~, s u~hau~ ~orliliitr it ntodtrl. MULCH . In addition to compost's m,tn~ btntfits under ground, its dark, rich, earlh~ look adds eye appeal, as will as protci lion above ground. 1 . Ral.t site. In htavih~ v`~eed-prone areas cover with landscape fabi is or plastic hePore mulching. 2. Spread compost from whoelbanow or hags. Katie or shovel compost around base of plants. Do noI place dirtcth~ against trunk or stems to avoid rlia~ase and inset ts. i. Use rake or hand h. smooth out layer, than pat to firm. For single plants, make compost berm at drip lint nl outer leaves, then mulch Irom near trunk or stem ro berm. 4. Water to help keep mulch in pl,tr c. COMPOST SPECIEICATIONS SPECIFICATION RANGE OF ATTRIBUTES l olur I it;ht Light Ilmtin linen n C>aik - Black Traturr I lodes a xl Ddms Fdod Lighw 1 'i i. Orloff Rutlcn t~; Ammm~la ~ti1u.h Light Musty ~(ri' D ~~ai ~r,h ~ ~ ~ ~ a' ~ i ' titabiily ii~,,oid r~„~ Karp VenL'nslabe l'ntil r6e St211e@ t I rr ~ ~ ~h ~Mnslure (-oNent _2U°„ .i0% 40% au-p',; >65% ~ ItrrtldeShe -Ilnrh Ilnch I'?Inrh ~ 3P6ha~t ~TJ6~lrx#i i t arbon:Nltropen Ratio _t1 I 25:1 ~.0: 1 1~$:1 ~ ~ ~ 10 I ~ Organic Ilmt[•rt 3D°,~ dU°.h 503b, 70%. ;i 1 . Salinih iU2~~ Sm Ar<ompanymg Anahsis , atrtals fail. Rule Sn 3 Moors Rulo ALi Exceeds Rule 503 ii,. I ~Uar rn ,ind Mir ro Nutrients ties Auumpam ng An.dteis {I I P - iir :i i~ i6 ~ = EKO Compost Attributes. ..'~y k' E_KOCOMPOST i ~a~ ~r t t .I Iv V Compost dppGr anon ratce are influenced bo- plant ude<Gon, soih'nxrlia and stle r h.rraclerts(ics. For best results, (ec( wit bofom pl.mtinp. ® -q., LLk L,udn. ~bl~. ?irk ~ 9vxnan'~ ~,r ~ ~ - I e, .11 .J! i CASE HISTORY Ot,~ WORKS GOLF COURSE hr ~r~on•Ih ra(c~ off. 1141,~t PU3S('S Qi1C~ Itfll (I"F ~n~ctsu~s urczs entranced. I~'i~thin unc~ Nmrk tur~• Photo ©Canyon Publications, Inc. ~riyt$.tiN.S H%NI'P Rf)YOIfIIR€r PROBLEM SOLUTION at~ul a he~aQhi~ canof~i~ The Old Works, a lack Nicklaus Signature Course, was Mining waste material de~er~luf~ed e~uick(,y.•• 'r designed to clean up and beautify one of America's was capped with 2" of largest Superfund sites located in Anaconda, limerock, 16" of clay MneK PoKnetvv, 4. CUNAHUC-110N MnNnrae Montana. The course faced the staggering task of soil and 6" of topsoil. bringing back to life soil depleted by more than 100 80,000 cubic yards of ArrnNnc Ru Hiu=i n ears of co er minin =and smeltin ANnc<,rv on, IVION IANv Y ' PP g g~ FKO Compost were ~gpt,i ,r,3.52n x42') mixed with clean RESULTS topsoil fur the (airways, 7 native areas, roughs and backdrop landscapes. The ratio of soil to FKO Compost was 85/15. This ratio was determined by laboratory testing in order to achieve an optimum mix to meet texture requirements. The 85/15 blend of loam soil and FKO Compost significantly improved the infiltration rate and bulk density which will make it easier to grow healthy turf and resist compaction. di r ' ~ Fairway and rough playability and durability were enhanced. a CONTACT OUR EKO PLANTS ~ Shock from tree transplanting during ~ ~ s landscaping operations was reduced Missoula, MT (800) 23Z 5356 r due to a rich blend of 80`% EKO '~'K~COMPOST Lewiston, ID (800) 746-5947 Compost and 20`% loam soil. ruxrvs oixr iNro soar Maui, HI (808) 572-8844 ei,' s ~i I i THE ORIGINAL EKO COMPOST - J EKU.....,HY a ~~/\~~\J ~!1 ? pRI G INA L pRIGIFq/ • Formulated for vegetable and flower gardens. For lawns, trees, shrubs >x landscaping. • Used by professionals. • Promotes vigorous root growth. ' • Increases water infiltration. • Organic and ready-to-use. P ' The original EKO Compost developed in 1977. For use in vegetable and flower gardens, new lawns, landscaping f- beds, and the planting of trees and shrubs. Helps promote rich organic soil, vigorous root growth, water infiltration and drainage, and pH balance. Improves the soil's physical, chemical, and biological health. SUCCESS BUILT ON A PRODUCT THAT WORKS Composting in theory is remarkably simple -just mix organic matter together with water and plenty of oxygen, and let the microorganisms do the rest. Yet, if it were truly that simple, there wouldn't be such a wide disparity between composts. Some are rich in trace minerals, organic matter, and billions of beneficial microbes. Others may be virtually dead, either "burnt" by improper processing or composed of little more than inert wood by-products. COMPOSTING COUNCIL Seal of Tvs[znR Assurance That's why EKO Compost i~ one of the charter members of the United States Composting Council's Sea/ Of Testing Assurance program. Every batch of EKO compost is rigorously tested to ensure that it meets and exceeds all process and product standards, including the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Class A "Exceptional Quality" compost, good for unrestricted use. Available From: E KO COMPOST M ru eNS Diet INTO soli ~ ~ NEw PRODUCTS FROM EKO COMPOST E KGB ~ ~y BUS~~ FORMULA FOhYIULq • Formulated for heavy clay soils. • Promotes root growth. • Increases water retention. ~ • For vegetable St flower gardens. • For lawns, trees, shrubs & landscaping. • Produces higher yields St more vibrant colors. • Ready to use. Clay Buster breaks up clay and holds it apart, making i:„elexy ~ room for roots to grow bigger and deeper, allowing them to protect soil from wind and water erosion. It also restores organic matter so soil can hold water better, lessening the need for frequent wat.erings. jl ~g ' ~ EK6.a...osr ~qq r'' - P ;n.' ~ WNTOPD~s~NC FORMULA FpRMULA • Revitalizes lawns when reseeding. • Rebuilds "pet spots" & compacted areas. • Fortifies established lawns especially after aeration. • Builds thicker, lusher lawns • Produces vibrant green color, organically. " • Fine-screened for easy spreading. • Ready to use on all varieties of grass. Lawn Topdressing works by restoring organic matter i s~~x 4n to the soil. Organic matter improves soil structure, helping to develop strong, healthy root systems. It adds billions of beneficial microbes that feed nutrients to your plants, while buffering the pH balance of your soil. Available From: E KO COMPOST xunns oix~ info ton GOLD MEDAL FOR COMPOSTING IS ONLY ONE•THIRD ..THE STORY Maui EKQ Systems, Ince Ruber~s Fonseca, Plant Manager Elaine Nakasone, office Manager P.O. Box 1065 Pu'unene, Maui, HI 96784 808-572-8844 BIOCYCLE JOURNAL OF COMPOSTING 8 ORGANICS RECYCLING 419 State Avenue, Fmmous, YA 18049-3097 Reprinted from August 2004 BioCyrle (6101967-4135 wx^x.6ioryde.net ~ r ~ - ~ The 10-acre site on Maui composts a j ~ ~ ~ ~ j r variety of feedstocks -from biosolids ~ ~ and yard trimmings to wood and , ~ _ _ paper residuals. ° ~ ~ with new state and the federal Subti- F ~ _ ~ tle D requirements, the county initi- I ( ~ ih € U r i r ~ ~ ' ~ ated a pilot project using a small Mor- ~ dd ~+NS4 r ~€c~nc ,g bark chipper and windrow Fi4 ' ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ _ r`J` r n; : ~V` composting to manage the sludge. "The ro~ect encountered numerous 4 ~ 1 i t (lit S ~Im p J t~~(' ~wi~ 4 ~ problems, such as unacceptable ' ~ ° ~ 'i ~ ~ odors, flies, and cross contamination ' ~ ~T , ~ of finished product,° recalls Harder. ~ r ~ ~ .`i'~~" _ _ - "We learned a great deal about the ,~,-i~;: - - ~ A~~:=- : - • process, especially about what not to ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - do. However, being certain we never t ~ ~ z._ ~ ~`~r'-,F ~ wanted to return to landfilling i f ` „ , ~ sludge, the comity issued a Request m 1' ~ ^ r° - - ~ ~ , _ - for Proposals in 1995 for a contractor ° t, f ~ r- to manage all of tts sewage sludge .n ~ - ~ and fats, oils, and greases (I'OG) and $ ~ u Ero ~ir.~~+r8r€~3A ~ awarded an operating contract to Maui EKO Systems " EKO quickly upgraded the exist- mg site, converting the windrow operation to an aerated static pile ~r,' _ system, purchasing a Duratech lID 10 Tub Grinder, and aggressively monitoring and maintaining there quired temperatures. Within a few ¦ months odors decreased, vector roblems were eliminated, and the +r ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ s sues with recontamination were corrected. EKO initiated an aggres- sive public education and market- ~',f ing plan that resulted in a high lev- el of public acceptance of a project that had almost been shut down due to odors and oor mana ement. One-Third The Stor p g fi~~i "Our biggest challenge, "says EKO vice president Mike Hegedus, "is that we're operating in a landfill With facilities in Montana, Idaho and and handling five major waste .rs, - streams. The good news is that we're Hawaii, a company takes stock of its recycling 100 percent of all these accomplishments, challenges and feeds`°cks. We grind all w°nd and green waste coming into the landfill, opportunities -while getting ready to eventh°nghit'smnretghanwhatwe need for combinin with the ~ biosolids. Excess ground green accept an award for excellence. waste is used as mulch on closed w ~ county landfills and other sites.' Adds Harder: "The operation was ~ s}'~'~ AST MONTH, the staff who oper- woody residuals, paper waste and quickly integrated into the County's * ate the EKO Systems composting grease trap cleanings. "The cocom- overall Solid Waste Management . site on Maui, Hawaii learned that posting program has become the cor- strategy and EKO became more of a they received the Gold 2004 Com- nerstone of our diversion program, partner in our waste diversion efforts posting Excellence Award from Solid accotnntingforover40,000tonsofma- than a contractor." ~ Waste Association of North America teria& a year," points out Harder. (SWANA) for their "commitment to Maui County's efforts to develop a System Design At Maui Site f~ achieving the highest standards in cocomposting project were initiated Yard trimmings, wood and paper ' the solid waste industry." According in the early 1990s with the anticipa- residuals (everything from leaves and to John Harder, chief of Maui Coun- tionoftheimplementationofSubtitle limbs to palm fronds and cardboard) ty's Solid Waste Division, nearly 50 D of RCRA. EPA's regulations ban- are received at a site adjacent to the ` 1r, percent of the county's landfill diver- Wing commercial liquid residua]s landfill and ground into 5-inch minus Sion is the direct result ofEKO and its from being landfilled would take ef- size. The resulting mulch is placed nn sister company, Pacitic Biodiesel (see feet in October, 1993. At that time, all the sludge receiving bay floor along f`" sidebar). of the County's sewage sludge - with oversized woody material from `gi"•>` Opened in 1995, the 10-acre site nearly 30 tons/day-was disposed at the compost screening process. processes biosolids, yard trimmings, the Central Maui Landfill. To comply Cooking oil is delivered and pro- s ' x, ir»e~ BioCvci.r: AucusT 2004 cep=sed into biodiesel through apro- Morbark 1300 tub grinder. EKO er sites - in Missoula, Montana and cess known as transesterification, doesn't charge the county a tipping or Lewiston, Idaho. Though all three - with the extracted glycerol and oil grinding fee for this service. The use aerated static piles, different wash waters placed on the sludge bay County is buying some of the excess feedstocks, tract sizes, regulations floor. The ester is then processed to mulch for erosion control at the new and markets lead to operational con- yield the biodiesel. Grease trap waste landfill entry and at two closed land- trasts. (That's why Maui is only one- ' is processed into bunker (boiler) fuel, fills. The availability of this mulch third of the story) ~ 1 wiith the extracted grit and minor has resulted in improved operations The Missoula location was 0Pr . ameount of food scraps placed on the and reduced costs to the county. launched in 1977, cocomposting k sludge bay floor. biosolids with wood residuals from Biosolids are placed on the sludge Bags And Bulk Sales lumber mills, log home producers and ~ t bay floor and combined, using a Five different products are made Christmas trees. Annual capacity is Harsh mixing truck, with the mulch, with the EKO compost: 3/8th inch estimated at 33,000 cubic yards; the glycerol extract, wash waters, grit compost (30 percent of sales); 3/16th ~ 34-acre site includes a large bagging and food scraps. Materials then are inch (20 percent of sales); 3/8th inch plant and warehouse, sales and ad- put into aerated static piles for 60 plus topsoil (30 percent); 3/8th inch or ministration office, plus a large main- ~ - days to complete the first composting 3/16th inch with sand (15 percent); tenance shop. - phase, followed by another 60 days of and the newest, Greenscape Blend Product sales in Missoula break initial curing on a separate pad. Next, that includes sand and gypsum. The down this way: 3/8th inch compost (64 - material is screened through aPow- compost facility participates in the percent); 3/8th inch minus lawn top- erscreen trommel, with the overs U.S. Composting Council's Seal of dressing (8 percent); 3/8th inch tom- - - reused in the initial mix. Samples Testing Assurance program. post plus pumice "clay buster" (6 per- from the screened material are ana- In its bagging plant, the company cent); 3/8th inch compost plus _ lyzed at an independent ]ab for Part uses a Bouldin & Lawson 1.5 cu. ft. sphagnum peat plus pumice (6 per- 503 requirements, and if that batch and 1 cy bagger, packaging 12 per- cent); 3/8th inch planting mix with receives a passing analysis, it is centofitsvolumeforsaletonurseries compost, peat and pumice (6 percent); screened a secrnrd time and cured for and hardware stores. The rest - 88 and 3/8th inch pottingmix ofcompost, about 45 days, after which is it put percent is sold in bulk to golf courses, peat and perlite (10 percent). Bagged material - 40 per- ~„,,,G„~~ ~ . cent - is marketed Lo Home ~ s,~ _ Depot and nurseries. The bal- ~ fs~~~ ~Si-~ - - Pugitihu _ 4 w~-ir ..m~.a - _ ~ A large fraction of the 40,000 tons diverted annually are . . comprised of biosolids (far - - Ieft), cooking oil and grease trap waste (left). into windrows on another pad to - br;ng temperatures Gown. Ascarab -.Table 1, Summary of materials received and recycled at turner is used for aeration during EKO Maw facility this final curing phase, which takes ~ another 60 days bringing total pro- ~ e cle ~ Annual Beriefin It ' nnyal 't cessing time to about nine months- ~ ~ r ~ ~ F, ~ +I'w - . ~ EKO Systems has found that the ~ a a erlal yp~ ~ Tonnage Re~uy ~ " ~~lulne '+~,pr low-tech aerated static pile method ~ ,~a ~ $i r Ig 500 Bylktpg eg~n IF6~yds ) mss- planned for the site is more adaptable rh s f a ~ by r I ,a " to acce tin various feedstocks than ' some of the more modern hi h- tech ~ i Or ~ ~ g 4; t yu b ~F1n~ ~ ~ ~'Cf g systems that are restricted to specif- ~ , t ,y 750 - t iFsel s t } , Q;gals ~ 't is feedstocks. For example, the types _ ~ , , of vegetation on Maui are different rt from those found in many areas of the + a#' , mainland. Composting techniques resorts, condominiums and highway ante of 60 percent moves in bulk to ~ ~ a* were modified to deal with the high departments. Golf courses include mine reclamation, landscapers, nurs- ~ ` percentage of fibrous palm fronds, the Plantation Course at Kapalua, eries, athletic parks, municipal parks ~,,,r. plant trimmings with high water con- home of the PGA Mercedes Champi- and several golf courses. Product tent, and hard koa woods. onship; Kanapali North, home of the pricing is as follows: Bags - $2.99- EKO's contract with Maui County Senior PGA; and the courses at Mak- $3.59 wholesale, $3.99-4.99 retail; ~a spa only requires that it accepts and pro- ena in Wailea. The Grand Wailea and Bulk (cy) -$16.35-$34.65 wholesale, s ~'~e cesses the quantities of green waste Hyatt Regency in Lahaina are some $25-$46.75 retail. rp~z: v. necessary to provide adequate bulk- of the resorts using the compost. When it comes to the biggest op- - ~ _ d ing agent for the cocomposting opera- Product pricing is as follows: Bags portunity for EKO's Montana site, ~~°r„. tion. However, as the County's pro- - $4-$4.25 wholesale, $7-$9 retail; Mike Hegedus sums it up this way: gram to maximize green waste Bulk (cy) - $25-$33 wholesale, $36- "Because of our 27 year branded im- ' ` diversion has grown, EKO has taken $47 retail; Blends - $30-$52 whole- age, Home Depot approached us in ~ i on the task of managing all the green sale, $35-$65 retail. 2001 as they opened stores in the waste entering the landfill. Current- Northern Rockies. This actually led to ly, they receive about 50 tons/day Sites In Montana And Idaho a major hurdle for us, as all prior con- from commercial haulers, businesses, In addition to the Maui facility, Sumer sales were through indepen- ~ - _ o and residences, processing it in a EKO Systems, Inc. operates two oth- dent nurseries that have an aversion ~ RioCvci.e Aucusr 'L004 ~ tp to `big box' retailers. But, as Lhings nus lawn topdressing (5 percent); the site include a large paper mill, a turned out, the independents experi- 3/8th inch compost plus pumice (3 brine water pea processing plant, enced only a minor dip in sales since percent); 3/8th inch compost/peat/ and two wastewater treatment facil- we were selling to al] at the same pumice planting mix (7 percent); ities. Explains Hegedus: "While the wholesale price and 1-tome Depot was 3/8th inch compostlpeaUperlite pot- high amount of green waste, espe- selling at suggested retail. Our tingmix(8percent).Thirtypercentof dally grass clippings during spring, ' I I biggest challenge comes from alog- bagged product (1.5 cu.ft., bags) is can cause a temporary problem, only OPERAi grng company that started compost- sold to Home Depot and nurseries; 70 one citation was given in 14 years, ing to movewoodwastethatwascost- percent bulk goes to landscapers, anditwasimmediatelysolvedbyget- t ing money to landfill. Though product nurseries, parks and some golf tours- ling rid of the premix pile and adding quality is not comparable, the compa- es. Product pricing is the same as in biofilters. But some people will al- ny sells it for a few dollars over what Missoula. ways smell with their eyes and once it costs it to make the product, In evaluating the Idaho site's their minds are made up, they're putting extreme pressure on bulk biggest opportunity, Hegedus sees made up." J.G. ¦ prices, especially in mining reclama- major market potential in Spokane lion and revegetation projects." and Tri-Citiee Washington along Much information used in this ¢rticle - TheEKOLewiston, Idaho program with Boise "though freight to the lat- was excerpted from the County of began in 1991 to compost biosolids ter is expensive and there are quite a M¢ui's nomination pochage prepared with green waste from six cities as few dairy manure composters in that for the SWANA 2004 Composting Ex- well as homeowners. Annual capaci- Boise-region. We have significant op- cellence Award. The nomination pack- ty on the tight, eight-acre site is portunity with mining reclamation age was prepared by John FI¢rder, 25,000 cy. That includes a small bag- work in Silver Valley, Idaho if specs Chief of the Solid Waste Division in the - ging plant, shop, outdoor warehous- between government and contractors Maui County Department of Public ing, plus small sales and administra- can be enforced." The biggest chat- Works and Environmental Mange- - lion office. lenge in his opinion comes from odor meet and H¢na Steel, Recycling Coor- - Product sales are similar to the complaints from a vocal minority "of din¢tor, both of whom have been chom- Montanaoperation:3/Sthinch minus two° who blame EKO for all odors, peons of composting and organics compost (77 percent); 3/16th inch mi- even though immediate neighbors to recycling in Hawaii. ; ~ Biodiesel .Partnership, , ~ . ~p ~ E SWANA 2004 Composting Excel- On the other hand, the grease trap ' lence Award - to be presented at the waste was an operating pro¢lem (versus • 4, organization's 42nd Annual Expo in the opportunity with the cooking oiq for'` ~ ,4,~ Phoenix in September -will be given to both Maui County and EKO. At the time, both EKO Systems and Paafic Biodiesel. the major issue for the county was the 4; , Founded by Robert King in _1996 and now management of the residue from the sew Cookrtt~~g Qd gqd g trop waste a sister company to EKO-Compost; P~cicj(ic er Lift stations. In~.,7, 999, aftel':a~riumber'of °-'ard solSvei(bd xr ~~sel ~s`.' Biodiesel grew out of IocaLconcern~ over cpstly ewage spills; the county's Wastew ~s< ~ . 1 discarded grease tha as, do i` "~f~e etef D„~4(s~iop bega~the UnplQr~ ;ntijttop,q~ .7~0 g o s"'" L el ~ 6 Q00 9 ~ centralMaufLandfill~ lilli°~~ ~ ati~g~r,~ssrvergrrf~ge~~i~are~ tpn~tdt~"-;ggl~gh ~g yced . vel9P his ~lte'~tiati~e ~ ~ ~~!SPP.. ~ s`n~~ie~';1~qufnngA r13r1 , _hdr'o ~+~~'"~'tVld"4~o ber f lar e + ~ 4'~ < <r, n Q - Mau . gla e I = `Mnew; re' •qrb _ r cbo g t~~ i ~ ~ 0 1In all _.~ta As described in the noifijnatign app , , ~'he volumes of g{easg t(ap V?aste grew ~ i35 y'eh~r,Jgs ~Nlaui & ' ~1~1g pony~grted the $ lion prepared;by the Spfid~VUaste D~~n Hearty ~exponentl`ally, putting,a*slram on rieNt tV~l~swdgem H o~~d~e§ej and start- ~ of Maui for the SWANA award the jhitial the composting process It was creating ed the frhly tiiodiesel Fgntal company in contrail wit EKQ regwred that„ t~ey~g~,s ;hot spots wltfiirl,the plle~;;d~ea mg tp ~,t~~t ~,u try ~w ~ ~andfSugar and ¢ ceive and press J.he fa,~r~d a(tdg<{~~se Spontaneous comh~stwn fires~tha~ 4verc+~,~~gn(i,~3~1t aY enmg,~eh ooil- (FOG) as part of the composting opela- not appreaated by;the local.fire depart, ers to hiofuef, Dunn past few years, lion While cooking oil waste is roor$ ~;~s- ment; especially smSe they tended td 6c ' She county has be ~i .9 biodiesel in a ~ ily handled in compostjng than 9reasesr~p cur at night Futthery, tt comaoppded~r ~rumbei~pf ts.veflK~ ~~;yvill be convert- rl' waste, serendipity was about to happeh. and vector problems Also it was arnvlhg ing its dieseltanks-~ )I;~OUnty baseyards _ King Diesel, a'jocal diesel"§eneratorrsta~ irfspoiadit amounts; imbalanc~g the net= ao biodiesel,rlextyen + plier identified a new pr'&ess to cohv.ett essary blending rdtios The high tech bl ~s,~ide of the sys- cookmg oil intopn enwrorimentally`frl@nd- The county EKO; and Paafic Biodiesel -rein uses a serves o Ing s¢ed tanks s lybiodiesel A{~`proachlhg=gfieCountji'dhd asked themselvesl~theytoufd`t,$hveltths, ,tor reteivm~~ h~a ~~shirig; react- EKO rt proposed a jant venture~at the cooking oil whynotthegrease~IbelUnto ]rtg stonng,,and di e~smg of, the liq- $ compostmgf~~~i"i~tyitrfact;notonlywould als2Wergradeboile~fuel rh@~~ep~rationy ~~iiiis,A~omptge¢p~ ~y(dboratpry,and z it produce a ~nlable b~ofugl; the 1e}idu~ls , of Yfie grease trap Waste was'glucf) Ittore ~ ~onntrb),roorp~ru~is~ ; er?tire operation, (water, potassium hydroxide, and ;triglyc- problematic than the cooking oil residual;, vyhich all sts atop a partied concrete pad Brides) that had no identifiable after-mar- but again, the synergy of the two opera- to catch any spills The system is self-con- x ket, would be, useful,feedsiocks for the lions resulted in an.innovative agd cpstef-, tained ahd,. thus, not only effective, but x compostingptocess. fedivesolutionforthecourity.Yoda'y,over highly efficient ~"`~....af BioCva,c Aucusr 2004 COMPOST FACTS C~ Intemauonal Process Systems. IrK. Salmon Brook Corporate Park 655 Winding Brook Drivc Glastonbury. CT 06033 203/657-3447 Fax: 203/657-8203 COMPOST: A LIVING FERTILIZER by I.nviss M. Naylor, PhD. and Geojjrey A. fGtttr, PhD. INTERNATIONAL PROCESS SYSTEMS, INC. Living fertilizer For a gazden to thrive, its soil must be alive. Compost is a living fertilizer, and its use adds life to a soil. The fertilizer value of compost is derived from the metabolic activities of living organisms in the compost and in the soil to which it is applied. As these organisms feed on the organic matter in the compost, water soluble nutrients aze released. Since most of the plant nutrients in compost aze not immediately soluble in water, this process releases nutrients gradually as they aze needed by plants. This is good. In contrast, the water soluble nutrients in commercial inorganic fertilizer aze leached out of the soil into ground water when their amount exceeds crop uptake. Compost biochemistry The formation of compost is a natural, but extremely complex biochemical process in which cellulosic materials (polysaccharides), proteins (sources of nittogen, phosphorus and sulfur), and fats and cazbohydrates (energy sources) aze decomposed and transformed into ahumus-like material. The vast and immensely divere population of fungi, protozoa and bacteria initiating this process grow, reproduce and die as environmental conditions in the composting materials change. Cell walls of these organisms aze decomposed by successive generations of microbes, contributing to the humus content of finished compost, the final stage of the production of a living fertilizer. Chemicals of life Compost contains all the chemicals of life: cazbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and a diverse group of trace elementr such as copper, zinc,uon, and boron. These elements as well as the btilk provided by the organic matter in compost can improve the htunus content of soil and contribute greatly to the chemical and physical properties of a fertile soil and enhance the growth of plants and trees. A time release fertilizer Degradation or mineralization of the compost organic matter by microorganisms is moderated by soil temperature and moisture conditions. Certain fractions of the compost aze readily degradable. These would include chemicals such as proteins, or materials with a large surface azea to volume such as sawdust. Other fractions aze more recalcitrant or resistant to degradation. These would include lazger chunks such as wood chips and more complex molecules such as the lignins binding the wood fibers. Because degradation of these diverse materials in compost occurs slowly over weeks to year, nutrients aze released gradually. And one of the benefits of complex organic fertilizer such as compost is that conditions favoring microbial degradation also favor plant growth Thus, the nutrients aze released at a time when plants aze actively growing. As a result, nutrienu are used more efficiently, reducing the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied and the potential loss of soluble nutrients such as nitrate to groundwater. Compost provides... Fertilization: releases nutrients when piano need them most; all the chemicals of life. Soil nutrition: adds microorganisms, improves biological activity in soil. 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