HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0882.006 2006-2008
Testimony Submitted to the Hawaii County Council
Opposing Resolutions 462-08 and 463-08
My name is Stephen Ferreira. I am a professor at the University of Hawaii, and I have
worked with the team of scientists from Cornell, UH and USDA who developed and
commercialized the genetically engineered papayas currently marketed as RAINBOW
and SUNUP.
I am here speaking as an individual, as I am not empowered to speak on behalf of my
employer, the University of Hawaii. I am speaking against Res.462-08 (moratorium on
genetically modified taro), and 463-08 (moratorium on genetically modified coffee).
Biotechnology is a powerful technology because it can address problems that are difficult
to solve. Virus resistance in papaya is a wonderful example of biotechnology's success.
There was and remains no practical alternative solution to Papaya ringspot virus
resistance in Hawaii without utilizing genetically engineered resistance that we
commercialized a little more than 9 years ago.
Biotechnology while powerful is also a very emotionally charged technology for some.
Opponents of biotechnology use this emotional playing field quite well. This emotion
suggests that the issue is complex, and perhaps goes further than the technology itself. If
this is true, let's address those issues, and not the issues regarding the safety of
genetically engineered products or environmental concerns.
Moving away from emotion, what are the facts? The scientific and objective data is
clear. Food safety is a done deal. The vast majority of scientists, based on the available,
verifiable data suggests clearly that GE foods are safe to consume. No other foods are
safer to consume, including organic.
It is true that long term feeding studies to demonstrate or prove the safety of GE foods
have not been conducted. In practice, these kinds of studies are not usually conducted
unless there is reason to believe that a problem might exist. As an alternative, shorter
term studies using model animal systems have addressed the issue of safety. The data
from hundreds of trials is overwhelmingly clear that GE foods are safe to eat. The few
studies suggesting problems turn out to be flawed in experimental design, and therefore
inconclusive regarding safety both ways.... safe or unsafe.
The practical experience in the US supports the same conclusion. We have now been
consuming GE foods (mainly corn, soybeans and canola oil) for nearly 15 years and
papayas for about 9 years. In that time, not a single person has been confirmed to have
been made ill or suffered from consumption of genetically modified foods. This track
record is impeccable, and better even than the record for organic foods.
The issue of food safety is pretty much a done deal. There is simply to data to support
the notion that GE foods are not safe to eat. p p
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With respect to environmental safety, largely the same conclusion can be drawn. There is
a concern about preserving genetic purity of different varieties. All growers are
concerned about this issue whether or not they grow GE crops. It is true that pollen can
be blown large distances, but it is simply not true that genetic contamination is occurring
rampantly. And in papaya, our data suggests that genetic contamination or gene flow if it
occurs is very small. It is not rampant, and in practice, it is not a problem. In most, if
not all cases of GE crops, relatively simple measures can be taken to assure variety purity
and to assure that problems do not occur.
The final point I'd like to make concerns the importance of not restricting research on GE
taro or coffee or any other crop for that matter. It would be a grave mistake to do so. At
this time, there is no data to support the notion that problems exist with the use of GE.
This does not mean that problems won't be identified in the future. Everyone benefits
when we identify problems as early as possible. An atmosphere of free and open inquiry
is thus essential to everyone. Only when problems are identified, can solutions be
developed.
We must also remember that farming, organic or conventional, really comes down to
giving growers choices and options in dealing with all the different problems and
challenges in getting a crop to market. There is no single approach to solving problems.
The more irons in the fire, the more effective a grower is likely to be. In turn, successful
farmers mean that consumers benefit. There would be few papayas available today and
prices would be sky high, if RAINBOW and SUNUP papayas had not been developed.
By curtailing the research climate, Resolutions 462 and 463 reduce growers' options, thus
constraining the future for all of us. Those resolutions should not be supported.
Thank you for the opportunity to share my views with you.