HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0917.001 2006-2008
BOS Waste-to-Energy Option for Hilo
23 January 2008
EnerWaste International
Batch Oxidation System • SpeeID , design, build, service and finance
WTE ants using either Batch Oxidation
System (BOS) gasification technology or
continuous feed mass bum systems.
1WE • BOS handles solid waste and biomass from
1 to 60 metric tons per day per process line
Sophisticated Design Yields Simple Technology module without pre-processing or drying.
for Converting Waste to Energy • BOS process line modules can be added to
9 achieve desired capacity.
Hilo 30 Year Solid Waste Projections Batch Oxidation System (BOS) Thermal Gasifier
Convertible Waste A Waste-to-Energy Opportunity for Guam
to Be Landfllled: 2.4 million tons ? Nonincinerefion
Cost of Landfilling: $240 million ? No sanitary landfill required for Hilo
Energy of Buried Waste: 24 million MMBtu ? Cut GHGa about 115%
Fossil Fuel Equivalence: 2 supertankers oil ? Cut trucking
Value of Buried Energy: $200 million ? Increase recycling of glass & metals
Combined GHG Emissions ? Produce electricity or steam for use or sale
from Landfill & Oil Power: 4.8 million tons C02E
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BOS WTE plant running at full capacity. W
Modular 25 ton / day BOS with steam boiler.
J. Tim O'Meara, Ph.D. Ctommi. No. 17e 1
EnerWaste International Ref. TP11111a11frd M
omearacons@mchsi.com Ref. Date JAN 23 2008
319-651-4465 or 319-369-0548 1
BOS Waste-to-Energy Option for Hilo
23 January 2008
BOS Thermal Gasification u.,._ .
Primary Gasification Chambers convert solid waste
and biomass Into syngas by slow, undisturbed
pyrolysis at moderate temperature (800-1000° F).
Secondary Combustion Chambers then add
ambient air to create violent combustion of syngas
at high temperature (1600.18000 F).
Heat from Secondary Combustion Chamber Is
recovered In a steam boiler.
Steam can be used for Industrial processes or
heating and cooling and/or to drive a turbine
generating electricity.
tj BOB WTE plant at Husavik, Iceland, 2006.
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1.0 acre site with plant layout showing 2 modular BOS
132 ton /day BOS WTE plant under construction by ScotGen process lines-each line consisting of 4 PGCs, t SCC &
and Ascot Environmental at Dumfries, Scotland, June 2007. 1 steam boiler-all driving 1 steam turbine generator.
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MSW, biomass, animal waste, medical waste, tires, furniture, Bottom ash, metals, and glass after cool down
sewage sludge, waste oil & paint can all be at remote site with no recycling.
converted safely with no sorting or pre-processing. Bottom ash passes EPA's TCLP test
J. Tim O'Meara, Ph.D.
EnerWaste inteTpational
omearacons@mchsi.com
319-651-4465 or 319-369-0548 2
BOS Waste-to-Energy Option for Hilo
23 January 2008
w w~ Hilo BOS WTE 230 tpd
Cut GHGs about 5.5 million tons C02E over 30 years
115% cut compared to current landfill & oil power.
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BOS emissions and ash easily pass all EPA tests in US & EU.
Y,J 4 BOS plants have EPA permits in US & EU. t
Hilo Pro Forma Profit Statement
Assumptions for Hilo BOS Financial Assessments Scenario A: Baseline Design at $28m and 4.5 MW
BOS WTE plant with total nominal capacity 230 tons / day Assumes low Btu fuel, low waste compaction, high moisture
M comen% and baseline power equipment.
• Design Capacity: 10 PGCs = 520 m3 per day Annual 30 Vrs / Ton
• Availability Factor: 95% Revenue $7.6m $227m $95
Direct Costs -$2.1m -$52m -$26
• Revenue: $0.20 per kWh Indirect Costs -$1.0m -$31m -S13
• Amortization: 30 years at 5% profit (Loss) from operations $4.5m $134m $66
• Depreciation: 30 years Avoided Landfill Costs Winn $239m $100
• Tipping Fee: Zero Profit from Operations after Avoided
Landfill Costs $12.4m $373m $156
Amortization -$1.8m -$54m -$23
Pric rom Operations after Avoided
Costs and Amortization $10.6m $319m $133
Hilo Pro Forma Profit Statement
Scenario B: Dumfries Design at $34m and 9 MW
Assumes higher Btu fuel, higher waste compaction, lower
moisture centenR and higher rated power plant. Profit Margins
Annual 30 yre /Ton
Revenue $15.1m $453m $189 Total Cost Net Profit
Direct Costs -$2.3m -$68m -$29 per kWh per kWh
Indirect Costa -$1.2m -S37m -$16 Scenario A: Baseline -$0.131 $0.069
Profit (Loss) from Operations $11.6m $348m $146 Scenario B: Dumfries -$0.076 $0.124
Avoided Landfill Costs $8.0m $239m $100
Profit from Operations after Avoided
Landfill Costs $19.6m $587m $245
Amortization -$2.2m -$66m -$27
Pr rom Operations after Avoided
Costs end Amortization $17.4m $621 m $218
J. Tim O'Meara, Ph.D.
EnerWaste International
omearacons@mchsi.com
319-651-4465 or 319-369-0548 3
BOS Waste-to-Energy Option for Hilo
23 January 2008
Advantages of BOS Fully Modular Plant Design More BOS Advantages
1. Modules are prefabricated and tested at the factory, 1. Proven technology.
which cuts costs and ensures quality. 2. Simple, robust design.
9. Low capital cost.
2. Capacity can be added or taken off line as needed. 4. Low labor and other operating coats.
3. Cuts initial and life-cycle capital costs because plant can 5. Low air emissions and cuts GHGs.
be built for current needs rather then for 20-year needs. s. Sterile, non-toxic, low-volume bottom ash panes EPA TCLP t
4. Cuts risk of forecasting waste production & recycling 7. No sanitary landfill required for bottom ash.
volumes incorrectly. S. High facility availability factor.
5. Cuts down time because M&R on one module does not s. Multiple waste types.
affect other modules. 10. No sorting or shredding of waste.
5. Allows de-centralized waste processing, which: 11. Small footprint and warehouse appearance.
• Cuts transport and transfer costs. 12. Increase recovery of waste oil, paint & tires from households.
• Allows communities to take responsibility for their 13. Increase recovery of glass & metals for recycling.
own waste. 1a~ NO intermediate step of producing and storing syngas or RDF.
1rt Step: Engineering Design Study Approximate Timeline for Order
• Commission engineering design study ($25k) to
confirm design parameters and total installed cost
• Agree scope of study. per design parameters.
• Waste analysis. • Specify contract details and make deposit.
• Mass & energy balance. • Delivery of 1r & 2W° BOS process lines.
• P&ID- equipment sizing.
• installation of 1 ° & 2n° and delivery of 3'° SOS process
• Electricity generation options. lines.
• 3D Modelling.
• $25k. Installation of are process line and delivery and
installation of power island.
• Total time from deposit to startup -1a to 20 months.
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J. Tim O'Meara, Ph.D.
EnerWaste International
omearacons@mchsi.com
319-651-4465 or 319-369-0548 4
Advantages of EnerWaste Batch Oxidation System (BOS) Thermal Gasifier
1 Proven Technology: • BOS systems operating in North America and Caribbean for 15 years.
Advanced design 25 ton / day MSW plant with steam production operating
in Iceland for over one year with detailed operations data.
Advanced design 34 ton / day MSW plant operating at US `Star Wars'
missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll.
Advanced design 132 ton / day MSW plant with steam and electricity under
construction in Scotland with startup June 2008.
2 Lower Capital Cost: • Installed cost for BOS WTE with emission control equipment is significantly
less than mass bum and other technologies.
Modular design (see #12 below) and high annual facility availability factor
(see #6 below) reduces initial installed capacity requirements and thus
further reduces initial and life-cycle capital costs.
3 Lower O&M Cost: • Low labor requirement (2 non-tech operating staff for 100 t/d plant).
No sorting or shredding of waste, simple design, robust construction, and
very few moving parts means few breakdowns or repairs.
¦ No slag buildup.
Extremely low auxiliary fuel consumption (about 0.7 litres / ton MSW).
Auxiliary fuel can be waste oil, bio-fuel, natural gas, or fuel oil.
4 Higher Quality: • BOS modules are prefabricated at factory and assembled on site, which
ensures quality while cutting costs.
Sophisticated design but simple technology with very few moving parts and
rugged construction to ensure years of trouble-free operation.
5 Lower Emissions & • Reduced fly ash and particulates because Primary Gasification Chambers
GHGs: loaded only once / day at startup and never disturbed during gasification.
Large Primary Gasification Chamber with slow gasification of wastes at
moderate temperature (800-1000° F) followed in secondary chamber by
violent oxidation of gases at high temperature (1800-2000°F) inhibits
production of NOx and release of heavy metals and dioxins while producing
virtually 100% carbon burnout to C02 and complete destruction of wastes
while leaving metals and other non-combustibles generally unchanged.
Smaller BOS installations pass US EPA standards without any emission
control equipment.
BOS plants in Iceland & Scotland pass stringent EU EPA standards.
¦ BOS WTE with Combined Heat & Power cuts greenhouse gases more than
capturing landfill gases to generate electricity.
6 Higher Facility • Above 90% due to robust design with few moving parts, no pre-processing of
Availability Factor: waste, and modular design (see below #12).
J. Tim O'Meara, Ph.D. A~ 4L
omearacons@mchsi.com
1-319-651-4465 or 369-0548 lal
VV 19W
www.EnerWaste.com Enerwaste international
2`
7 Higher Quality / A recent test with MSW yielded 97% reduction by volume.
Lower Volume No clinker.
Bottom Ash:
¦ Extremely clean, white-colored ash contains virtually no carbon or
hazardous organics.
Bottom ash is not toxic and passes EPA's TCLP test. Bottom ash does not
require disposal in sanitary landfill.
8 No Sanitary Landfill ¦ Clean bottom ash of about 3% by volume makes good concrete or road-
Required: surfacing aggregate, thus eliminating millions of dollars in landfill costs.
¦ Fly ash can be used as concrete aggregate or disposed in sanitary landfill.
9 No Pre-Processing • Biomass, MSW, and ICI waste can be loaded directly into the BOS primary
of Biomass, MSW, chamber without sorting, pre-processing, or special handling.
or ICI Waste: . No need to pre-process waste into syngas or RDF to generate power.
10 Multiple Waste • BOS gasifies wastes without sorting or pre-processing. BOS easily handles
Types: biomass, MSW, IC waste, roofing shingles and most other CD waste, and
bulky items such as tires, carpets, couches, baled cardboard, fish and animal
waste, railroad ties, purse seine nets, and tree stumps.
Ideal for disposing of medical waste.
• Ideal for disposing of waste oil, paint, and solvents.
¦ Ideal for destroying confidential wastes.
Biomass fuel can be added right alongside of or mixed with MSW.
Waste may be loaded into BOS loose (top loading with boom loader) or
bundled or even bundled on pallets (side loading with forklift).
Ideal for disposing of sewerage sludge and fish and animal remains when
mixed with MSW or when pre-dried to below 40% moisture.
11 Recover More Oil, • Households can include waste oil, both oil-based and latex paints, and tires
Paint & Tires: with their normal waste collection-no special disposal is required.
12 Fully Modular • Greatly reduces initial and life-cycle capital costs because plant capacity can
Design: be sized for current or medium-term waste volumes rather than for predicted
volumes 30 years in the future.
Greatly reduces risk from incorrectly forecasting future waste volumes and
recycling percentages because BOS modules can be added, moved to other
sites, or taken off line as needed.
• Ideal for rapidly growing communities or communities with large seasonal
changes in waste volumes.
• Greatly reduces down time because other modules continue to operate if one
is down for M&R.
Primary gasification chambers can be sized from 1 to 15 tons / day. Up to
five primary chambers feed one secondary chamber. Modules can be added
to achieve desired capacity.
J. Tim O'Meara, Ph.D.
omearacons@mchsi.com
1-319-651-4465 or 369-0548
www.EnerWaste.com
Enerwas[e international
3
13 Modular Design • Greatly reduces financial costs and social and environmental impacts of
with Low Capital & trucking wastes to a central location.
Operating Costs a Eliminates capital and operating costs of one or more transfer stations.
Allows
Decentralized • BOS WTE plants can be located next to and even split between one or more
Processing: consumers of steam and/or electricity (e.g., ethanol mill, fish processing
plant, cold storage facility, or university campus).
De-centralized processing and distributed power eliminates electricity line
losses that average 10 to 20 percent from distant power plants.
¦ Communities can take greater responsibility for their own waste.
14 May Reduce or ¦ Decentralized processing reduces NIMBY issues that arise when
Eliminate NIMBY communities are forced to take in waste from other communities.
Issues: a Low emissions, no need for sanitary landfill, reduced truck traffic, and
warehouse-like external appearance may reduce NIMBY issues that
otherwise limit site selection to remote sites far from centers of waste
generation and energy use.
BOS WTE capacity can be located at or even split between different
industrial sites that purchase the BOS steam and electricity output, which
would reduce or eliminate NIMBY issues for that WTE plant.
15 Cut Ethanol Capital • BOS secondary combustion chambers can take the place of thermal oxidizers
& Operating Costs: required by ethanol plants to control VOC emissions.
¦ Cuts about $1,900,000 initial capital + $600,000 annual operating costs for
50 million gallon / year ethanol plant.
16 Less Illegal • Profitable operation means lower or in many cases no tipping fees, which
Dumping: greatly reduces or eliminates illegal dumping.
17 Recycle More Glass ¦ Clean, sterile glass and metals can be screened from the bottom ash with
& Metals: little cost or effort and little health risk to handlers.
18 More Power with • BOS Waste-to-Energy produces more power with less CO2E than mass burn
Less GHGs: systems, which increases revenue and cuts fossil fuel consumption and GHG
emissions. BOS WTE cuts GHGs over 120% compared to landfrlling waste
while using fossil fuels to generate electricity.
19 Built-In Reserve • The capacity of BOS Primary Gasification Chambers is rated for a
Capacity: gasification and cool-down cycle of 24 hours, but the process only takes 20
to 22 hours. Plants that employ 24 hour labor can shorten the interval and
effectively add 10% more capacity just by re-loading sooner.
20 Turn Waste Oil into • Waste oil, paints, and solvents can be injected into Secondary Combustion
Power: Chamber as auxiliary fuel at rates of 150 gallons / day or more for a 150 ton /
day BOS, thus disposing of the liquid wastes safely in accord with all EPA
requirements while generating additional power.
21 Convert Switchgrass • Low particulates and low operating temperature together with Flue Gas
& Sugar Cane Trash: Recirculation prevents boiler slagging & fouling with high alkali biomass.
J. Tim O'Meara, Ph.D.
omearacons@mchsi.com
1-319-651-4465 or 369-0548
www.EnerWaste.com
EnerWaste International