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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 1069.001 1996-1998 f ' .A dus~r.D 4oc y r 9N Hawai'i Forest Industry Association °n P. O. Boxy 110y2~116yyCx~Hilo, Haa~waai'i 96721 Phone (808) 933-9411 GC3'tlCl72l7F'['(iC)ay" 9J4~` Fax (808) 933-9140 17 November 1998 r RECEIVED Tirt~ _ BY----- Background Information dale----- - County Coundl; A Market Study of Hawaiian-Grown Commodity Woods WHO: This study was performed by Margules Poyry Pty Ltd of Australia for the Hawai'i Forest Industry Association, a non-profit corporation. Funding was provided by the Hawaii Forestry and Communities Initiative, a program which creates partnerships to encourage forestry throughout the state; the study cost $33,000. Craig Taylor, Senior Consultant of Margules Poyry will present the findings. WHAT SPECIES: Eight non-native tree species which have been commercially planted in Hawai'i were the subject of research: Queensland maple (Flindersia brayleyana), toon (Toona ciliata), sugi pine (Cryptomeria japonica) , tropical ash (Fraxinits uhdei) , silky oak (Grevillea robusta), and several species of Eucalyptus, including robusta, saligna and grandis. SCOPE: Each of these species has been profiled, offering information on color, durability, characteristic defects, working properties and common uses. Practical value-adding processing alternatives, such as furniture and joinery, decorative veneer, structural plywood, and flooring, have been identified for each species. The demand for these timber species in Hawai'i has been assessed, and the cost of bringing these trees to market as compared to the prices of competing products analyzed. /0 c;amin. No. Ftle No. M.- Aef TOO CresenQ 145-EDC Bd. Ds1e NOV 17 1990 Market Research on Commodity Wood Products from 8 non-native Hawaiian Grown Timber Species Craig Taylor Senior Consultant, Margulies Pbyry Pty Ltd MAAOUI.YB POYNY e..x.. re,.r a.•.uu. 1 1. Introduction to Margules Poyry • Part of the Jaakko Pbyry Consulting group - world leaders in forestry and forest industry consulting. • Margulies Poyry - Australia's largest forest industry consulting firm. • Specialists in: - forest resources - forest products processing - forest products markets. • Established 1968 - over 2,500 projects, studies and reports. • Hundreds of projects involving Australian species in both native forests and plantations. ~y~ w.wmw.•• oorwv •`H z z. Background to the Study • Market Research on Commodity Wood Products from 8 non-native, Hawaiian grown timber species • Prepared for Hawai'i Forest Industry Association. • GOAL: To increase demand for Hawaiian made commodity wood products and consequently create more forestry related jobs in Hawaii. 3. Terms of Reference • Literature review for the 8 species - Flindersia brayleyana (Queensland Maple) - Grevillea robusta (silver oak, southern silky oak) - Toona ciliata (toon, Australian red cedar) - Fraxinus uhdei (tropical ash) - Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany) - Eucalyptus saligna (saligna, Sydney blue gum) - Eucalypts grandis (rose gum, flooded gum) - Cryptomeria japonica (sugi) Ve ...e z. Terms of Reference • Resource description • Recommended value-adding processing alternatives • Markets - Domestic and export • Cost of wood products to market • Cost competitiveness/prices • Marketing plan • Actions required MOPOIAP• PO: RV s same OPPORTUNITIES EXIST WHERE THESE OVERLAP Markets Resource Competitiveness M1~gOULN• POYNY e 4. Description and Review of 8 Species • Characteristics reported on - General description of the species, - Colour of the timber, - Grain, - Texture, - Working properties, - Seasoning characteristics, - Shrinkage, - Durability, - Strength group, - Characteristic defects, - Lyctus susceptibility, and - Common uses wwwou~u PCVftV i 4. Description and Review of 8 Species • All technical terms and numerical codes are defined. • Information summarised on a single page datasheet. MggpyJ•POVRV 9 5. Resource Description ESTIMATES OF AVAILABILITY • Only DOFAW data available • Estimates restricted to Waiakea and Hamakua on the Big Island • To use these data, logs were classified Type of Log Small end diameter Pulpwood 4 to 8" (10 to 20 cm) Small sawlog 8 to 12" (20 to 30 cm) Sawlog >12" (>30 cm) MIPOVL•• PWPY B 5. Resource Description VOLUME UNITS USED FOR LOGS AND LUMBER Units used Conversion • MBF (1,000 board feed true • 424 board feet equals 1 m' measure) • 2.36 m3 equals 1 MBF • Cubic metre (m') NB: The board foot is not based on To convert log volumes (approx.) to a log or formula rule a log or formula rule, divide the MBF figures by 2. Mpwou.•• Porav 10 5. Resource Description SPECIES DISTRIBUTION WAIAKEA AND HAMAKUA • Major species • Swamp mahogany • Saligna gum • Rose or flooded gum • Minor species • Queensland maple • Toon • Tropical ash • Sugi y®, • Inconsequential • Silver oak or silky oak MORYUL.. POYR i 11 5. Resource Description WAIAKEA VOLUMES IN MMBF Species Age Loggable area (ac) Total volume in MMBF Queensland maple 29 to 32 529 213 Saligna and rose gum 14 to 31 2,908 108.4 Swamp mahogany 30 to 59 227 14.1 Toon 30 to 35 321 10.4 TOTAL 156.2 rwwwaw.. Pevwv 12 5. Resource Description - - - - - WAIAKEA VOLUMES IN rrr' Species Age Loggable area (aCj Total volume in m' Queensland maple 29 to 32 214 54,764 Saligna and rose gum 14 to 31 1,177 255,738 Swamp mahogany 30 to 59 92 33,320 Toon 30 to 35 130 24,551 TOTAL 368,373 wwwmx~s PnvwY 5. Resource Description HAMAKUA VOLUMES IN MMBF Species Age Loggable area (ac) Total volume In MMBF Saligna gum 20 to 62 435 419 Swamp mahogany 63 1,895 221.3 Toon 29 94 7.4 Tropical ash 62 274 12 Sugi 64 138 9.5 TOTAL 294.1 MI.gpU1.PP POYRY 14 5. Resource Description HAMAKUA VOLUMES IN M3 Species Age Loggable area j44) Total volume in m' Saligna gum 20 to 62 176 103,565 Swamp mahogany 63 767 521,983 Toon 29 38 17,360 Tropical ash 62 111 28,352 Sup 64 56 22,423 TOTAL 693,683 5. Resource Description The estimates are based on the following assumptions: The MA( figures are derived from DOFAW data. The plantations continue to grow with a sawlog MAI of 1.38 MBF/ac (8 m3/ha). MI. ,.RO411.PP POV'PV 18 5.„ Resource Description ANNUAL SAWLOG ESTIMATES FOR WAIAKEA IN MMBF ('000 W) Harvesting period in Annual sawlog volume available in years MMBF (1000 m') 10 13.5 (31.7) 15 9.9 (23.3) 20 8.1 (19.1) 5. Resource Description ANNUAL SAWLOG ESTIMATES FOR HAMAKUA IN MMBF ('000 m') Harvesting period in Annual sawlog volume available in years MMBF ('000 m') 10 27.2 (64.1) 15 18.8 (44.3) 20 14.6 (34.4) ,e 5. Resource Description ANNUAL PULPWOOD ESTIMATES FOR WAIAKEA IN '000 TONS ('000 mt) Harvesting period in Annual pulpwood and mill residues years available in '000 tons ('000 mt) 10 30.4 (27.5) 15 22.4 (20.3) 20 18.4 (16.6) 1 5. Resource Description ANNUAL PULPWOOD ESTIMATES FOR HAMAKUA IN '000 TONS ('000 mt) Harvesting period in Annual pulpwood and mill residues years available in '000 tons ('000 mt) 10 42.7 (38.7) 15 30.4 (27.5) 20 24.2 (21.9) ~i~ wwwax.. cOVAY p i 5. Resource Description - - - - - ANNUAL PULPWOOD ESTIMATES Based on the following assumptions: • The MAI for pulpwood is about 1.82 tons/acre or 4 tonnes/ha • Recovery of residue chips from sawlogs by mass is 40% of log volume 1 MBF = 2.6 tons and 1 m3 = 1 mt 21 5 Resource Descrpton ANNUAL SAWLOG AND PULPWOOD ESTIMATES FOR WAIAKEA AND HAMAKUA IN '000 TONS ('000 mt) Harvesting period in Sawlogs by volume Pulpwood by mass years MMBF '000 mass 10 40.7 (95.8) 73.1 (66.2) 15 28.7 (67.6) 52.8 (47.7) 20 22.7 (53.5) 42.6 (38.5) a a 5. Resource Descripfion ISLAND AREA IN ACRES (he) • Hawaii • 17,138 (6,936) • Maui • 11,892 (4,812) • Lanai • 512 (207) • Molokai • 3,238 (1,310) • Oahu • 7,162 (2,898) • Kauai • 6,249 (2,529) Since 1995 on Big Island About +8,000 acres %,41r MA••PCVM 8 ,rn4 nr [ruri, [ ~ 6. Value-adding Processing Alternatives • Considered current and historical uses. • Utilised our Australian industry contacts and experience. • Searched historical references. • Recommended three alternatives for each species. 'Ar vmu uPOrav N 4 6. 98® Value-adding Processing Alternatives - - - - - - - • Flindersia brayleyana • Toona ciliata - decorative veneer - decorative veneer - panelling/mouldings - panelling/mouldings - furniture/joinery - furniture/joinery • Grevillea robusta • Fraxinus uhdei - decorative veneer - furniture - panelling/mouldings - flooring/moulding - furniture/joinery - structural plywood M.PO4IL.. POYRV 25 6. eeaee Value-adding Processing Alternatives • Eucalyptus robusta Eucalyptus grandis - flooring/decking - flooring/panelling/mouldings - structural plywood - plywood - some face veneers - face veneers (for formply) - sawn structural lumber • Eucalyptus saligna - poles - flooring/panelling/mouldings Cryptomeria japonica - plywood - some face veneers - panellingljjoinery - sawn structural lumber - light construction - poles - posts/fencing Vft n~nwou~.. Po.m s$ G. MOM Value-adding Processing Alternatives SPECIES E. as/pna E paWA E MUM T cllleta C, j punka F. baybyane G robust. F uatlel Treated posts and pubs Untreabd posts and pales UnVealad sawn structural timber Fkndrg • • _ _ _ _ _ ~ x Moulding and trim ^ • • Furnaure, cabinatwork ^ • ^ Ship and boat bmk4rg Crallwood lcarving, turnery) H•MbpaM, pv NCbboard, MDF Piper and paperboard ~~MIYrY{KPP P[ iiay a ~..Yr srrr........ 27 7. eme Markets for Recommended Products • Target markets are the Hawaiian domestic market and the Pacific Basin with an emphasis on Asia. • Demand drivers: - population growth - improved living standards - measured by increased per capita GDP - urbanisation • Demand factors suggest Asia should be the target market rather than domestic 'Wx MI•ROW.PP POYPY }B 7. Markets for Recommended Products • Consider supply from the same geographic areas • Supply drivers: - sustainable forest/plantation management - environmental pressures - requirements for foreign/hard currency - infrastructure • Supply from Asia decreasing due to: - unsustainable harvesting - other environmental concerns - increasing domestic demand A 7. Markets for Recommended Products • Supply from Australia decreasing for awhile • Supply from mainland US steady at best • Supply from South America increasing - plantations in Brazil, Uruguay providing competition but also opening up markets rwww•u.•• ao .'m w 7. Markets for Recommended Products - • Domestic markets - very difficult to quantify - most lumber used in construction - imported from Pacific North West - douglas fir treated for termite resistance - non-termite resistance will be a barrier to entry into this market - building practices not used to hardwood construction - most other construction products, douglas fir or fully imported, eg doors and door frames - small market forjoinery, flooring, panelling, mouldings, ie kiln dried products - strong structural plywood market - potential to compete here but termites still a problem IkAr 1 M4PO . PO; w 7. M® Markets for Recommended Products • Export markets Global sawn hardwood markets Furniture 29% Mouldings 20% Structural 18% Flooring/Panelling 8% Decorative 4% R~ MI~'.wma••POY'RV 7. 98088 Markets for Recommended Products • Global sawn hardwood consumption 1 000 m' 140,000 120,000 100,000 81 Oceania ■ Europe 80,000 ■ Asia ;• 0 Former USSR 60,000 • 0 40,000 NSC America ' 20 000 0 i .�'.io5a.;FXX�;r56 ',f94'7k m m m a a s m a m *08 o o S o a N N N N N N ' MAPOUI.Y!c OVRV laaYYa s0>rr aagaaltlgl 33 7. 98088 Markets for Recommended Products • Global sawn hardwood net trade Oceania spwrxmilArim Europe Asia . ::::..............:>::� ■2020 Farmer USSR •2010 O 1995 O 1980 NBC Amen a -»••,•3 Afica -8000 -8000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 ��gq'r -1000nP- tb- MARGLMA19 PGYRY IsuYhc rOY.r f'gnu ulllga � i 7. 980138 Markets for Recommended Products • Global production of traded veneer 18000- 14000 12000. :;y: 10000_ -_ t/ • Oceania 0 S America ¢. ■ NAmedca 8000 -- / • Europe Japan ' 8000_ �:- • Asia ;y. ■ AMca 4000 2000:'�">`s {: f Y x5. It /SPD' t, MARRIJLaaf P('IYRY 35 sa ka.Orrr canerl[IeJ 7. 98088 Markets for Recommended Products • Regardless of markets for the high value products, ie sawn dry lumber or veneers, markets will need to be found for downgrade and waste. • Often critical to viability of operation. • Direct impact on processors capacity to pay for logs • Opportunities exist for: — green pallet grades —. wood chip exports — fuel -- charcoal 1%1 MARGUJl4a®POYRY ... errra..rtt• a 8. 98088 Cost Competitiveness • Can Hawaiian products compete against other hardwood producing countries? • Our modelling suggests Yes, based on $35/m3 ($82,55/MBFT)stumpage • Results improve if markets can be found for residues • Prices — must compare like with like — species are not teak or mahogany but better than rubberwood — current prices in Asia for similar timbers around $550-$620/m3 — Australian producers currently selling successfully in Asia and mainland US MAPOUL••PGYRY t.aan aenr c.num,. 3r 8. 98088 Cost Competitiveness Hardwood Sawnwood Cost Competitiveness, JapanUSD/m3 CiF USD/m3 500 400 --- !/r/r'i -- – -- ...fr.'tr, - ,��� p Distribution 300_ ■Cost of capital 0 Fixed Costs imam • ❑Variable Costs 200— • — ...::;:.:::> ......:....i: a Wood Net 100 ®Residue 0----- ustra is Indonesia Malaysia Hawaii -100 - ---- MAPQUL••POYRY 38 9. Marketing Plans What does the industry need to do to successfully bring these wood products to market? 1. Better resource data - The market needs to understand how much of each product is available into the future - Importance of scale is increasing - Log quality needs to be understood - Expansion plans and other resources 2. Harvesting and delivery - Need reliable, cost efficient contractors - Need delivery infrastructure - roads - Planning for year round log availability - Development of a code of practice nuwuawu atrrar 9. Marketing Plans 3. Processing - Must attract investment which is confident it can be profitable. - Need to develop grading rules/conventions - Quality Assurance - Further R&D 4. Marketing and Distribution - Focus on high value, high margin products - AHEC - Literature, samples, reliable quality M1~RGU.N. POYAV b 10. The Final Question - - - - - - - - - - • What should be replanted? RI.,!~ wuwow.. 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