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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCOM 0141.010 2008-2010*1 41 'OPREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory _ Y,.:. lnndvation;for•Our Ener Future- - From: Paul Norton, Senior Project Leader, Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative To: Hawaii County Council Date: 4/8/2009 Re: Building Energy Codes This memo includes a collection of information related to building codes beyond the IECC 2006 codes. It includes excerpts from documents related to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) with references to "the most recently published" IECC, some general information on the path to zero energy buildings, and some examples of leading codes on the mainland. Highlights - The ARRA requires assurance that the state will implement codes that meet or exceed the most recently published IECC for residential and ASHRAE 90.1-2007 for commercial. - There are several examples of resolutions to adopt zero energy building codes on the mainland. These include resolutions at the federal, state, county, and city level. The federal congressional proposals include codes that reduce building energy use by 30% in 2010 and 50% in 2016. - There is at least one mainland county effectively requiring zero energy homes in their code now — Boulder County, Colorado Contents: - Excerpt from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) with page H. R. 1-33 referencing the IECC and ASHRAE 90.1-2007 Excerpt from the U.S. Department of Energy State Energy Program Formula Grants document, Section 5.1 and Attachment 3 - Article from the U.S. Confrence of Mayors: "The Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) Article from ICC eNews: "Stimulus Package Includes Grant Program to Enhance Building Code Enforcement" ACEEE News Release: "Congress Advances Legislation Promoting Energy Efficiency" Article from the 2030 Challenge: "Meeting the 2030 Challenge through Building Codes" - Examples of leading codes and resolutions regarding future codes. Please contact me if you have questions. f,44. To. °,ras;Nntvd`�p_�: Paul Norton Ref. Date APR 0 R 2119 Senior Project Leader Phone: 808-220-1555 National Renewable Energy Laboratory Email: paul.norton@nrel.gov 1617 Cole Blvd. • Golden, CO 80401-3305 • (303) 275-3000 • NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC H.R. I One lAundred Zleunth Congress of the 'United states of 2merira AT THE FIRST SESSION Begun mad held at the City of 1Gnshington au Tuesdny, the sixth day ofJannary, two thousand and nine Rn act Malting supplemental appropriations for job preservation and creation, infrastructure investment, energy efficiency and science, assistance to the unemployed, and State and local fiscal stabilization, for thefiscal year ending September 30, 2009, and far nuar, purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States ofAmerica in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the "American Recovery and Reinvest- ment Act of 2009". SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. The table of contents for this Act is as follows: DIVISION A—APPROPRIATIONS PROVISIONS TITLE I—AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, FOOD AND DRUG ADMIN- ISTRATION, AND RELATED AGENCIES TITLE HI COMMERCE, JUSTICE, SCIENCE, AND RELATED AGENCIES TITLE III—DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TITLE IV—ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT TITLE V—FINANCIAL SERVICES AND GENERAL GOVERNMENT TITLE VI—DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TITLE VII—INTERIOR, ENVIRONMENT, AND RELATED AGENCIES TITLE VIIIDEPARTMENTSOF LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, AND EDUCATION, AND RELATED AGENCIES TITLE IXLEGISLATIVEBRANCH TITLE X—MILITARY CONSTRUCTION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS AND RE- LATED AGENCIES TITLE XI ­STATE, FOREIGN OPERATIONS, AND RELATED PROGRAMS TITLE XII—TRANSPORTATION, HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, AND RELATED AGENCIES TITLE MBI—HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TITLE XIVSTATEFISCAL STABILIZATION FUND TITLE XV—ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY TITLE XVI --GENERAL PROVISIONS—THIS ACT DIVISION B—TAX, UNEMPLOYMENT, HEALTH, STATE FISCAL RELIEF, AND OTHER PROVISIONS TITLE I—TAX-PROVISIONS TITLE 11ASSISTANCEFOR UNEMPLOYED WORKERS AND STRUGGLING FAMILIES TITLE III—PREMIUM ASSISTANCE FOR COBRA BENEFITS TITLE N—MEDICARE AND MEDICAID HEALTH INFORMATION TECH- NOLOGY; MISCELLANEOUS MEDICARE PROVISIONS TITLE V—STATE FISCAL RELIEF TITLE VI—BROADBAND TECHNOLOGY OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAM TITLE VII—LIMITS ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION SEC. 3. PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES. (a) STATEMENT OF PURPOSES.—The purposes of this Act include the following: H. R.1-33 authorization provided in section 365J) of such Act only if the governor of the recipient State notifies the Secretary of Energy in writing that the governor has obtained necessary assurances that each of the following will occur: (1) The applicable State regulatory authority will seek to implement, in appropriate proceedings for each electric and gas utility, with respect to which the State regulatory authority has ratemaking authority, a general policy that ensures that utility financial incentives are aligned with helping their cus- tomers use energy more efficiently and that provide timely cost recovery and a timely earnings opportunity for utilities associated with cost-effective measurable and verifiable effi- ciency savings, in a way that sustains or enhances utility or the applicable units of local government y to adopt building codes, will implement (A) A building energy code (or codes) for residential buildings that meets or exceeds the most recently published International Energy Conservation Code, or achieves equivalent or greater energy savings. (B) A building energy code (or codes) for commercial buildings throughout the State that meets or exceeds the ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2007, or achieves equivalent or greater energy savings. (C) A plan for the jurisdiction achieving compliance with the building energy code or codes described in sub- paragraphs (A) and (B) within 8 years of the date of enact- ment of this Act in at least 90 percent of new and renovated residential and commercial building space. Such plan shall include active training and enforcement programs and grants toward funding energy efficiency and renewable energy programs, including (A) the expansion of existing energy efficiency pro- grams approved by the State or the appropriate regulatory authority, including energy efficiency retrofits of buildings and industrial facilities, that are funded— (i) by the State; or (ii) through .rates under the oversight of the applicable regulatory authority, to the extent applicable; (B) the expansion of existing programs, approved by the State or the appropriate regulatory authority, to sup- port renewable energy projects and deployment activities, including programs operated by entities which have the authority and capability to manage and distribute grants, loans, performance incentives, and other forms of financial (C) cooperation and joint activities between States to advance more efficient and effective use of this funding to support the priorities described in this paragraph. (b) STATE MATCH.—The State cost share requirement under the item relating to 'Department of Energy; Energy Conservation" in title Il of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies 4— FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FUNDING OPPORTUNITY ANNOUNCEMENT U. S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory State Energy Program Formula Grants American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Funding Opportunity Number: DE -FOA -0000052 Announcement Type: Initial CFDA Number: 81.041, State Energy Program Issue Date: Initial Application Due Date: 03/12/2009 03/23/2009 at 8:00:00 PM Eastern Time Comprehensive Application Due Date: 05/12/2009 at 8:00:00 PM Eastern Time 3 25 o Promote an integrated portfolio of energy efficiency and renewable energy solutions to meet U.S. energy security, economic vitality, and environmental quality objectives. o Strengthen core state energy programs to develop and adopt leading market transformation initiatives. This strategic direction builds on SEP successes and promotes a stronger SEP national effort. DOE will continue to enhance the effectiveness of state programs to, promote and support market transformation, while maintaining support for formula grants. DOE's plans are guided by the following principles: • Target strategic market intervention that can cause permanent structural change. • Identify opportunities for better integration of SEP and state energy initiatives to other EERE technology deployment and market transformation activities. • Replicate state innovation and best practices. • Promote collaboration across public and private agencies. • Foster regional cooperation among state and Federal agencies. • Improve the way we measure program performance and communicate success. 4.3 SEP NATIONAL EVALUATION The ARRA sets strict accountability and transparency requirements for DOE and the states. Evaluation is a strong component of these requirements and will assist in determining the role of SEP in future energy focused initiatives. States should expect to participate in the national SEP evaluation to be implemented in FY 2009-2010. Detailed information will be provided in separate guidance. 5.0 AMERICAN RECOVERY ACT AND REINVESTMENT ACT 5.1 Conditions to be Met to Receive ARRA Funding Section 410 of the Conference Report accompanying ARRA provides that a State will receive SEP funding under ARRA only if the governor notifies the Department in writing that the Governor has obtained necessary assurances as outlined in sections 1-3 below. SEP ARRA funds cannot be provided to a state until'such notification in writing has been received. (1) The applicable State regulatory authority will seek to implement, in appropriate proceedings for each electric and gas utility, under its rate -making authority a general policy that ensures that utility financial incentives are aligned with helping their customers use energy more efficiently and that provide timely cost recovery and a timely earnings opportunity for utilities associated with cost-effective measurable and verifiable efficiency savings, in a way that sustains or enhances utility customers' incentives to use energy 26 more efficiently. (2) The State, or the applicable units of local government that have authority to adopt building codes, will implement the following: (A) A residential building energy code (or codes) that meets or exceeds the most recent International Energy Conservation Code, or achieves equivalent or greater energy savings. (B) A commercial building energy code (or codes) throughout the State that meets or exceeds the ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2007, or achieves equivalent or greater energy savings. (C) A plan to achieve 90 percent compliance with the above energy codes within eight years. This plan will include active training and enforcement programs and annual measurement of the rate of compliance. (3) The State will to the extent practicable prioritize the grants toward funding energy efficiency and renewable energy programs, including— (A) the expansion of existing energy efficiency programs approved by the State or the appropriate regulatory authority, including energy efficiency retrofits of buildings and industrial facilities, that are funded by the State or through rates under the oversight of the applicable regulatory authority, to the extent applicable; (B) the expansion of existing programs, approved by the State or the appropriate regulatory authority, to support renewable energy projects and deployment activities, including programs operated by entities which have the authority and capability to manage and distribute grants, loans, performance incentives, and other forms of financial assistance; and (C) cooperation and joint activities between States to advance more efficient and effective use of this funding to support the priorities described in this section. 5.2 Obligation and Expenditure Timeline for ARRA Grants To expedite availability of ARRA funds States must submit an initial application package prior to the comprehensive application package which must be submitted within 60 days after the FOA is issued. ATTACHMENT 3 -- GOVERNOR'S ASSURANCE CERTIFICATION By signing below, the State Governor is providing their written certification that they will comply with and obtain the following assurances in accordance with Section 410 of the Recovery Act. (1) The applicable State regulatory authority will seek to implement, in appropriate proceedings for each electric and gas utility, under its rate -making authority ageneral policy that ensures that utility financial incentives are aligned with helping their customers use energy more efficiently and that provide timely cost recovery and a timely earnings opportunity for utilities associated with cost-effective measurable and verifiable efficiency savings, in a way that sustains or enhances utility customers' incentives to use energy more (2) The State, or the applicable units of local government that have authority to adopt building codes, will implement the following: (A) A residential building energy code (or codes) that meets or exceeds the most recent International Energy Conservation Code, or achieves equivalent or greater energy savings. (B) A commercial building energy code (or codes) throughout the State that meets or exceeds the ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2007, or achieves equivalent or greater energy savings. (C) A plan to achieve 90 percent compliance with the above energy codes within eight years. This plan will include active training and enforcement programs and annual measurement of the rate of compliance. (3) The State will to the extent practicable prioritize the grants toward funding energy efficiency and renewable energy programs, including— (A) the expansion of existing energy efficiency programs approved by the State or the appropriate regulatory authority, including energy efficiency retrofits of buildings and industrial facilities, that are funded by the State or through rates under the oversight of the applicable regulatory authority, to the extent applicable; . (B) the expansion of existing programs, approved by the State or the appropriate regulatory authority, to support renewable energy projects and deployment activities, including programs operated by entities which have the authority and capability to manage and distribute grants, loans, performance incentives, and other forms of financial assistance; and (C) cooperation and joint activities between States to advance more efficient and effective use of this funding to support the priorities described in this section. State Governor Signature Date 51 7 The Conservation Bf.t_ Grant (EECBG) As included in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 What is,the Purpose of the EECBG Program? To assist eligible entities in implementing energy efficiency and conservation strategies— .1 to reduce fossil fuel emissions created as a result of activities within the jurisdictions of eligible entities; ✓ to reduce total energy use, and ✓ to improve energy efficiency in the transportation, building, and other appropriate sectors. What Activities are Eligible Under the EECBG Program? • Developing/implementing an energy efficiency and conser- vation strategy; • Retaining technical consultant services to assist in the devel- opment of such a strategy; • Conducting residential and commercial building energy audits; • Establishing financial incentive programs for energy efficiency improvements (e.g., loan programs, rebate programs, waive permit fees); • Providing grants to nonprofit organizations to perform energy efficiency retrofits; • Developing/implementing programs to conserve energy used in transportation (e.g., flex time by employees, satel- lite work centers, promotion of zoning requirements that promote energy efficient development, transportation infra- structure: bike lanes/pathways, pedestrian walkways, and synchronized traffic signals); • Developing and implementing building codes and inspec- tion services to promote building energy efficiency; • Implementing energy distribution technologies; • Developing public education programs to increase partici- pation and efficiency rates for recycling programs; • Purchasing/implementing technologies to reduce and cap- ture methane and other greenhouse gases generated by landfills or similar sources; • Installing light emitting diodes (LEDS); • Developing, implementing, and installing on or in any gov- ernment building of onsite renewable energy technology that generates electricity from renewable resources (solar and wind energy, fuel cells, and biomass); and • Any other activity as determined by the Secretary of Energy in consultation with the Secretaries of Transportation and Housing and Urban Development and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. What are the Requirements for Direct Block Grant Recipients under the EECBG Program? • Not later than one year after receipt of first year funding, eli- gible communities are required to submit to DOE Secretary a proposed Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy as described under eligible activities, and which includes the goals and proposed plan for the grant. • The Strategy shall be approved or disapproved by the Sec- retary within 120 days or returned to the entitlement com- munities for revision. • No more than 10%, or $75,000, whichever is greater, may be expended on administrative expenses (e.g., staffing); No more than 20% or $250,000, whichever is greater, may be used for the establishment of revolving loan funds. • No more than 20% or $250,000, whichever is greater, may be used for the sub -granting to non-governmental organiza- tions for the purpose of assisting in the implementation of the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy. Annual Report— No later than two years after the date on which funds are initially provided to eligible communities and annually there- after, the eligible communities shall submit to the DOE Sec- retary a report describing— / the implementation of the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy, and ✓ energy efficiency gains. r ,_.._. V JHE;UNITED STATES CONFERENCE OF MAYORS : USMAYORS ORG 1.,1;; N EECBG Funding Allocations $2 Billion Annual Appropriation First year funding con be used for strategy development; funding in subsequent years is only for implementation of city and county strategies approved by U.S. DOE. 2% 68% 20% Tribal Programs ($40 million) 1 28% Law IPL 1101401 directs. u.& DoE to de ebp a fo ni in, obcming bock gram funds among these cities and counties, wu6 population factors a key consideration. What are the Requirements for States under the EECBG Program? • A state that receives a grant under the program shall use not less than 60 percent of the amount received to provide subgrants to non -entitlement communities no later than 180 days after the date on which the DOE Secretary approves a proposed Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy of the State. • No later than 120 days after enactment of the law each state shall modify its energy conservation plan to establish additional goals for increased energy efficiency and conservation. • Also within those 120 days, each state will submit to the DOE Secretary a proposed Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy that establishes a process for providing subgrants to non -entitlement communities and includes a plan for the use of their money to implement their energy conservation plan. The DOE Secretary has 120 days to approve or dis- approve a proposed strategy. If a strategy is disapproved, the Secretary will provide reasons for disapproval and allow the recipient to resubmit as many times as needed until the Secretary approves a proposed strategy.) • A state may not use more than 10 percent of amounts pro- vided for administrative expenses. • Each state that receives a grant under the program shall submit to the DOE Secretary an annual report that describes the status of the implementation of the State's conservation strategy, the status of the subgrant program, and the energy efficiency gains achieved. Who is Eligible for U.S. DOE Competitive Grants and How Do 1 Apply? • Units of local governments (including Indian tribes) that are not eligible entities and consortia of those units of local gov- ernment can submit an application at the time and manner that the DOE Secretary designates and includes a plan that outlines the eligible activities that they will be implementing. Priority will be given to units of local governments located in States with populations of less than 2,000,000 or to plans that carry out projects that would result in significant energy efficiency improvements or reduction in fossil fuel use. THE UNITED STATES CONFERENCE OF. MAYORS, : „ _ USMAYORSORG° � 10 ARRA Grants for Building Enforcement -C 1 hftp://inedia.iccsafe.org/news/eNews/2009v6n4/arra.btin Stimulus Package Includes Grant Program to Enhance Building Code Enforcement Hidden in the details of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) is a large fund of available grant money to he building safety departments increase training and staffing as long as there is some relationship to energy code enforcement. Any building safety department enforcing an energy code, including the International Energy Conservation Code, and those planning to adopt and enforce an energy code under other incentives in the ARRA, can apply for funds through a block grant program. What does this mean to you? Because $1.36 billion per year, or a total of $2.72 billion over two years, is entitlement funding, any city or county that qualifies can receive funding to support its building code development and enforcement activities. The requirements to receive funding are simple and straightforward: • Within one year of receipt of funds, eligible communities must submit a proposed Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy to the Secretary of Energy, who has 120 days to approve or reject the strategy. • No more than 10 percent or $75,000, whichever is more, may be expended on administrative costs. • No more than 20 percent or $250,000, whichever is more, may be used for sub -granting to non-governmental organizations for the purpose of assisting in implementation of the Energy Efficiency and Conservation strategy. Municipalities with a population of more than 35,000, or are one of the 10 largest cities in their state, are eligible to receive funds through direct grants administered at the federal level. Smaller municipalities are eligible to receive funds through sub -grants administered at the state level. The specific purpose of the building code development grants are outlined in Sec. 544(8) of the Energy Security and Independence Act of 2007 (EISA): 'Development and implementation of building codes and inspection services to promote building energy efficiency." This is a broad description and will allow building safety departments to apply for grant funds to help increase staffing and pay for training and testing equipment required by new code provisions. One reason the block grant program has received less attention than other projects funded by the stimulus package is because the program is split between two bills: the EISA that authorized the block grants; and the ARRA that provides the funding for the grants—approximately $2 billion per year for 2009 and 2010. The funding will be split to provide 68 percent ($1.36 billion) for cities and counties, 28 percent ($560 million) for states with a requirement that at least 60 percent go to sub -grants to non -entitlement communities, and the remaining 4 percent to be split between tribal programs and a Department of Energy competitive grant program. An annual report must be submitted to the Secretary of Energy not more than two years after funds are received, and include information on the implementation of the Energy Efficiency and Conservation plan and energy efficiency gains. These Energy Efficiency Block Grants can be used by cities and counties for many different purposes. The Code Council strongly encourages its members to discuss the availability of these grants with their state, county and city leadership, and to work with them to secure funding to support energy code development, adoption and enforcement. Early conversations with your city manager or county executive will make your building department gets its share of these funds. For more information on these grant funds, visit the Department of Energy website. ARRA Grants for Building Enforcement http://media.icesafe.org/news/eNews/2009v6n4/arra.htin Home I Membership I ICC Store I Codes & Standards I Government Relations Training I Certification & Testing I Public Safety I Jobs & Code Talk I Newsroom & Magazine I Contact Us I Privacy Policy Subsidiaries: ICC Evaluation Service I International Accreditation Service I ICC Foundation © 2009 International Code Council 2 of 2 1 �- 4/1/2009 7:35 PM "aceeenews" To "aceeenews" <aceeenews@aceee.org> <aceeenews@aceee.org> cc 04/01/2009 09:09 AM bcc Howard Wiig/DBEDT Subject Congress Advances Legislation Promoting Energy Efficiency NEWS RELEASE Contacts: Steven Nadel, 202-507-4011 Therese Langer, 202-507-4013 Media Contact: Glee Murray, 202-507-4010 Congress Advances Legislation Promoting Energy Efficiency Washington, D.C. (April 1, 2009): Actions yesterday in both the House of Representatives and the Senate advanced proposals to improve energy efficiency policy in the country. In the House, Representatives Henry Waxman (D -CA) and Ed Markey (D -MA) released a "discussion draft" of energy and climate change legislation that contains many energy efficiency provisions. In the Senate, the Energy Committee approved four bills with energy efficiency components, including accepting several strengthening amendments. The House bill, called the American Clean Energy and Security Act (ACESA), includes a cap and trade system to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, and a variety of energy efficiency provisions including: • An energy efficiency resource standard that requires electric and natural gas distribution companies to operate programs that reduce electricity use by 15% by 2020 and natural gas use by 10%. Eligible measures include helping residential and commercial consumers reduce their energy use, energy-saving codes and standards, and combined heat power and recovered waste energy projects. This provision is based on H.R. 889, previously introduced by Representative Markey. • A new Retrofit for Energy and Enviromnental Performance (REEP) program to promote comprehensive efficiency retrofits to homes and commercial buildings, reducing energy consumption by an average of 20% or more. This is based on H.R. 1778, previously introduced by Representative Peter Welch (D -VT). • Enactment of new minimum efficiency standards on six products - portable lighting fixtures (floor and table lamps); outdoor lighting fixtures for streets and parking lots; commercial furnaces; drinking water dispensers; hot tubs; and hot food holding cabinets (used to keep food warm before it is served). • A variety of reforms to the federal appliance standards program, clarifying ambiguous language in current law and strengthening the ability of the Secretary of Energy to set standards that are "technically feasible" and "economically justified." • A provision directing that building codes be strengthened to reduce energy use in new buildings by 30% starting in 2010 and 50% starting in 2016. A similar provision passed the House of Representatives in 2007. ':F3 o A provision establishing a building labeling program so that owners and prospective purchasers and tenants can compare the energy use of a particular home or building to similar buildings in their local area. • A provision requiring states to establish goals for transportation sector greenhouse gas reductions that will ensure an absolute decrease in emissions after a designated year; metropolitan areas must submit plans to achieve these goals through strategies such as zoning and land use updates, improvements to non -auto modes, and pricing measures. • Requirements for EPA to promulgate greenhouse gas emission standards for heavy trucks, marine vessels, locomotives, and aircraft. • Authorization of EPA's SmartWay Transport Program, which will expand the role of that program in maximizing the efficiency of the nation's goods movement system. "Energy efficiency policies are a key strategy for keeping the cost of climate change legislation to modest levels," stated Steven Nadel, Executive Director of the American Council for an Energy -Efficient Economy (ACEEE). "Efficiency policies and investments reduce the number of power plants that must be built or upgraded, substantially reducing the cost of a cap and trade program. The policies in ACESA go a long way toward accomplishing the efficiency savings we need." The Senate Energy Committee approved four bills yesterday originally sponsored by Committee Chairman Jeff Bingaman (R -NM) and Ranking Member Lisa Murkowski (R -AK). The bills: • Set new efficiency standards on portable lighting fixtures and commercial furnaces and address some problems in current appliance standards law. o Improve and establish federal programs to advance energy efficiency in the industrial sector. • Extend and expand several Department of Energy research and development workforce training programs. • Promote best practices in the use of energy and water treatment and delivery, fuel refining, and electricity generation. As part of the session to "mark up" these bills, the Committee approved an amendment by Senator Robert Menendez (D -NJ) to close a loophole in existing federal lamp standards law that allows a particularly inefficient type of reflector lamp to be sold. "By closing this loophole, the Menendez amendment will save enough electricity each year to serve about 300,000 average American homes," noted ACEEE's Nadel. "We thank Senator Menendez for leading this important effort." The committee also approved an amendment by Senator Mark Udall (D -CO) to adopt consensus commercial furnace standards into federal law. Both the House and Senate bills have a long legislative process ahead of them. The House Energy and Commerce Committee is planning to complete work on its bill by the end of May while the Senate Energy Committee hopes to complete work by the end of April. F." "-,7 About ACEEE: The American Council for an Energy -Efficient Economy is an independent, nonprofit Meeting the 2030 Challenge Through Building Codes \ZU U Edward Mazria, Executive Director Kristina Kershner, Director 2030, Inc. / Architecture 2030 June 20, 2008 Acknowledgements 2030, Inc. / Architecture 2030 Vincent Martinez, Research and Production Coordinator Peter Chapman, Marketing Coordinator Jamie Johnson, Administrative Assistant We would like to acknowledge the help and contributions to this project made by the following people: Charles Eley, Architectural Energy Corporation Flarvey J. Bryan, Ph.D., Arizona State University Mark Frankel, New Buildings Institute Ib Introduction hn 2007, the baseline for evaluating progress toward meeting the 2030 Challenge targets was established as the 2003 Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)for commercial buildings' and the Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS)for residential buildings. Although new building energy standards and rating systems that meet the 2030 Challenge as measured against these baselines are currently in development, they are not yet available. As a result, there is an immediate need and high demand for an interim system that enables cities, counties and states to meet the 2030 Challenge targets using existing building energy codes and standards as baselines. Architecture 2030 has developed an interim system based on 'code equivalents', which are the additional reductions' needed beyond the requirements of a particular code, standard or rating system to meet or exceed the initial 50% target of the 2030 Challenge. The paper also provides suggestions for ordinances that can be used to aid governments in amending their existing building code to incorporate these code equivalents. i Architecture 2030 (May 4, 2007), "The 2030 Challenge Benchmark Set: Building Design Leaders United on Energy Reduction Targets", Press Release, http,.//www.architectui,e2O3O.orVnews/Press_Release_5_4_07.pdf. z The additional percentage reductions provided in Table A are reasonable averages for all buildings. The actual percentage reductions for a particular building will vary by building type and climate zone. Meeting the 2030 Challenge Through Building Codes IZ W w F_ CL O 0 Q Rising to the Challenge Every crisis needs a hero and in the case of climate change that hero has taken the form of states, local governments and professional organizations. Today: • 27 states have or are developing climate action plans', • 839 US cities have signed the Mayors Climate Protection Agreement°, • three regional greenhouse gas (GHG) initiatives have been established and • the 2030 Challenges has been adopted by the: — US Conference of Mayors (USCM) — National Association of Counties (NACo) —American Institute of .Architects (AIA) — US Green Building Council (USGBC) —American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AirConditioningEngineers (ASHRAE) (supporter) —International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) —Congress for the New Urbanism (CNU) — states of Illinois, Minnesota, California and New Mexico — numerous counties and cities Although slower to act, the federal government has also begun to move, adopting the 2030 Challenge targets for all new and renovated federal buildings'. The above efforts recognize the critical role that buildings play in the climate change crisis, both in creating the crisis and solving it. 3 http,.//w .pewclimate.org/what_s_being_done/in_the_states/action_plan_map.cfm. ° http.//usmayors.org/climateprotection/agieemeiit.htni. 6 http://www.pewclimate.org/what_s_being_done/in_the_states/regi onal_initiatives.cfm. 6 The 2030 Challenge calls for 1) all new buildings and developments to be designed to use half the fossil fuel energy they would typically consume, i.e., half the regional or country average for that building type, 2) at a minimum, an equal amount of existing building area be renovated annuallyto use half the amount of fossil fuel energy they are currently consuming, and 3) the fossil fuel reduction standard for all new buildings be increased to 60% in 2010, 70% in 2015, 80% in 2020, 90°% in 2025 and carbon neutral in 2030 (using no fossil fuel GHG-emitting energy). Architecture 2030 recommends the fossil fuel reduction targets be achieved through design, the application of renewable energy technologies and/or the purchase of renewable energy (20% maximum). Additional information is available online at http://www.architecture203O.org/2030_challenge/index.html. 7 H.R.6: "Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007', US Representative Nick Rahall (D -WV), sponsor, http.,//thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquary/z?d110:H R00006:@@@L&sum m2 -m&. 2 1� Meetnig the 2030 Challenge Through Building Codes Buildings: The Problem and the Solution The Problem: The Major CO2 Culprit Buildings are responsible for approximately half of all US energy consuinption and CO2 emissions annually. Building operations alone, i.e., heating, cooling, lighting, hot water and the plug load, account for 43%8 of total US CO2 emissions and 76%9 of total US electricity consumption. Therefore, to have any real impact on climate change, it is essential to address CO2 emissions in the Building Sector. The Solution: The 2030 Challenge Of the many solutions offered today, the one that has shown itself to be aggressive enough to meet the demanding timeline30 set by scientists, while remaining economically and technically feasible", is the 2030 Challenge. The initial phase of the Challenge, the 50% reduction target, is designed to bring an immediate halt tothe increase of GHG emissions in the Building Sector; subsequent phasesare designed to incrementally and systematically reduce CO2 emissions in this sector. To meet scientists' timeline, measurable action must begin today. Significant progress can be made immediately by using existing building codes and standards to implement the 2030 Challenge targets for all new and renovated buildings. Codes: Starting Where You Are An Interim Solution As mentioned, new building energy standards and rating systems that.meet the 2030 Challenge as measured against CBECS and RECS are currently in development, but are not yet available. Due to the high demand for an interim system that allows states and local governments to meetthe Challenge targets using their current building energy codes and standards as baselines, Architecture 2030 has developed the'2030 Challenge Interim Code Eq uiva lents' shown in Table A below. Table A includes the most commonly used energy codes and standard S12 and rating systems. Because the states of California, Oregon and Washington have their own energy codes, these have been included as well. This table provides the additional reductions needed beyond the requirements of a particular code to meet or exceed the initial 50% reduction target of the 2030 Challenge- ° http://www.pewclimate.org/global-warming-in-depth/all_reports/buildings. http://www.arcliitecture2D3O.org/current_situation/build ing_sector.html. 1e Hansen, J. et al., "Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim?", April 7, 2008, www.columbia.edu/-jehl/2008/TargetCO2_20080407.pdf. Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC), "Green Building in North America", March 13, 2008, http://mn v.cec.org/files/PDF//GB_Report_EN.pdf. 12 http://www.energycodes-gov/implement/state_codes/index.stm. Meeting the 2030 Challenge Through Building Codes I 3 Table A: 2030 Challenge Interim Code Equivalents CODE/ STANDARD COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL ASHRAE 90.1-2004 30% below '. ASHRAE 90.1-2007,,;,,< 25% below ASHRAE 189 (in progress) 0 IECC2006 " - "'t"'30% below - 30% below California Title 24 2005 15%- 20% below13 California Title 24 2008100Y. below'""«. ' Oregon Energy Codes 25% below 30% below b Washington Energy Code f 25%below t 25%W 30%below'x, ..:. 1 ,.;- r z � ta. RESNET HERS Index 65 or less I rpt N lrx r. rown e i s 3 -,-• f%, „a LEED NC 2 2 /Homes ,,!, .5, :New EA Credit"pl 6pts t ,"HERS Index 65 ;Renovation EA Credit #1 8pts ' , New - EA Credit #1: 7 pts - LEED 2009 (in progress) Renovation - EA Credit #1: 9pts GBI Standard (m progress)17 'i`r PATH A 8111 150PIS, , *e. { aqt ,X' EECC Option18 (prescriptive path) EC - 154 EECC r 6" New Core Performa NBI ption(pregcri tive ath ,- w/. enhanced v NOTE: Table A above represents a set of guidelines. Each entity should assess its particular code and building energy consumption patterns and adjust the code equivalents provided in the table as appropriate. For example, those entities with aggressive GHG and energy reduction initiatives may want to increase the recommended percentage reductions. Entities with detailed information on code performance compared to their building stock are encouraged to adjust the percentage reductions to meetthe 2030 Challenge targets. "The City of Santa Barbara established meeting the 2030 Challenge targetfor single-family residential units at 20%below Title 24 and, for high-rise residential, at 15% below Title 24. 14 Based on preliminary code analysis for the California Energy Commission by Charles Eley of Architectural Energy Corporation. 150regon Department of Energy, "Comparison of Oregon Energy Code 2005 & ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004". 15 For residential buildings east of the Cascade Mountains, use 25% below. For residential buildings west of the Cascades, use 30% below. 17 Green Building Initiative, Proposed American National Standard 01-2008P. "'Alliance to Save Energy, Energy Efficient Codes Coalition (EECC), "The 30% Solution'yEC-154, This option provides a method for modifying the prescriptive path of the code to meet or exceed the 2030 Challenge 50% reduction target. 19 New Buildings Institute, Advanced Buildings Core Performance Guide with enhanced measures. This option provides a method for modifying the prescriptive path of the code to meet or exceed the 2030 Challenge 50% reduction target. 4 Meeting the 2030 Challenge Through Building Codes 7n The following examples further explain the information provided in Table A: IECC 2006: To meet or exceed the 2030 Challenge 50% reduction target, those currently using IECC 200620 must achieve an additional 30% improvement beyond therequirements of this code. For residential buildings, this would be demonstrated by using the: 1. [ECC 2006 Section 404 Simulated Performance Alternative, requiring a 30% improvement in the proposed residence (design) performance as compared to the standard reference design, 2. EECC Option, incorporating and complying with the prescriptive requirements of EC -154, the Energy Efficient Codes Coalition's21 voluntary appendix to IECC 2009, or 3. HERS Index, achieving a HERS Index22 rating of 65 or less. For commercial buildings this would be demonstrated by using the: 1. IECC 2006 Section 506 Total Building Performance, requiring a 30% improvement in the proposed building (design) performance as compared to the standard reference design, (Architecture 2030 recommends that architects/engineers be given the option to use EPA's Energy Star -Target Finder23 to determine the 50% Energy Reduction Target as the baseline standard reference design for their buildingtype, if available.) 2. ASHRAE 189 Standard (in development), incorporating and complying with the prescriptive requirements in this standard, or 3. NEI Option, incorporating and complying with the prescriptive requirements of the New Building Institute's Advanced Buildings26 Core Performance Guide with enhanced measures. ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004: To meet or exceed the 2030 Challenge 50% reduction target, those using ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 9b.1-200425 as their code standard for commercial buildings would need to achieve an additional 30% improvement beyond the requirements of the standard, which would be demonstrated by using the: 1. ASHRAE/ IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 Building Performance Rating Method (performance path) in Appendix G, requiring a 30% improvement in the proposed building performance rating compared to the baseline building performance rating, (Architecture 2030 recommends that architects/engineers be given the option to use EPA's Energy Star -Target Finder to determine the 50% Energy Reduction Target as the baseline building performance rating for their building type, if available.) 2. ASHRAE 189 Standard (in development), incorporating and complying with the prescriptive requirements in this standard, or 3. NBI Option, incorporating and complying with the prescriptive requirements of the New Building Institute's Advanced Buildings Core Performance Guide with enhanced measures. 20 http://www.iccsafe.org/. 21 http://ase.org/extensions/eecc/proposals.php. 22 http://www.natresnet.org/. 23. http://www.enerVstar,gov/index.cfm?c=new_bldg_design.bus_target_finder. 24 For more information on the Advanced Buildings Core Performance Guide with enhanced measures, contact the New Building Institute at http://www.advaiicedbuildings.net/. 25 http://mm.ashrae.org/technology/page/548. Meeting the 2030 Challenge Through Building Codes 5 LEED 2.2 for New Construction and Major Renovations: To meet or exceed the 2030 Challenge 50% reduction target, those usingthe LEED 2.226 rating system as a building performance standard would require 1. six (6) mandatory points in EA (Energy & Atmosphere) Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance for New Buildings or 2. eight (8) mandatory points for Existing Building Renovations. Amending Your Code Amending the local or state building energy code to meet the initial 50% reduction target of the 2030 Challenge via the above code equivalents is the first step to reducing emissions in the Building Sector. When amending an energy code, it is important to amend both the prescriptive and performance paths of the code, or to use only the performance path for compliance21 The EECC (residential) and NBI (commercial) options listed in Table A provide a method for amending the prescriptive path of a code, so that it meets the 50% target. In most cases, local governments can amend their code as long as it meets or exceeds the state standard. A sample ordinance, which can be modified to incorporate the code equivalents, is provided as part of the ASHRAE Standard and IECC to help state and local governments in this process. Additional help can be obtained by reviewing the 'Architecture 2030 Energy Ordinance' unanimously approved by the city council of Santa Barbara, the first city to officially incorporate the 2030 Challenge into their building energy code. The ordinance can be found online at the California Energy Commission website?6 Conclusion Given the shortening timeline for dramatically reducing greenhouse gas emissions, it is imperative that governments committed to doing so have a readily assessable way to begin realizing reductions in their building sector. The 2030 Challenge code equivalents listed in Table A provide a simple, practicable solution using existing building energy codes and rating systems. By amending existing codes based on these code equivalents, governments can be confident that their codes meet the initial 50% reduction target of the 2030 Challenge. 26 http!//www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPagel D=220. 2Y All energy codes have two paths to demonstrate compliance, a prescriptive path and a performance path. The prescriptive path, which addresses items such as building envelope, insulation requirements, types of glazing and equipment requirements, makes up the bulk of the code. The requirements for the prescriptive path change as codes are updated and as each newer code or standard is released. The performance path, on the other hand, is only a few pages in length and remains basically the same with each new code update or release. The performance path requires that a building performance baseline be determined and the building design be quantified through a whole building simulation to demonstrate that it consumes less delivered energy as compared to that baseline. 28http,.//www.etiergy.ca.gov/titte24/2005standards/ordinances exceeding_2005_building-standards.htinl. 6 Meeting the 2030 Challenge Through Building Codes %,2 Examples of progressive building codes and resolutions for future codes on the mainland. Colorado The city of Boulder, CO now requires all new homes to be 30% to 75% better than 2006 IECC. Boulder County went a step further by requiring homes over 5000 ft2 to achieve a Home Energy Rating Index of less than 10 which represents near zero energy performance. Cue City of boulder, uoioraao 10-7.5-3 Mandatory Green Building Requirements (a) Energy Efficiency. An applicant for a building permit for each new dwelling shall demonstrate that the building is more energy efficient than a building that meets the minimum requirements of Chapter 10-7, "International Energy Conservation and Insulation Code," B.R.C. 1981. Table 1 lists the minimum energy efficiency requirements. TABLE 1— Tiers for Energy Efficiency Thresholds Type of Project Square Footage Energy Efficiency Thresholds Above Code New Construction S5 20,000 lbs 1001 -3000 Up to 3,000 30 percent more energy efficient than 2006 IECC 3001 - 5000 3,001-5,000 50 percent more energy efficient than 2006 IECC 1001 and larger 5,001 and up 75 percent more energy efficient than 2006 IECC Multi -unit Dwellings Applies to all 30 percent more energy efficient than 2006 IECC* The city manager is authorized to develop a HERS rating sampling protocol for multi- dwelling projects to ensure compliance with this section. tsoulder Fornewresidential constructiorL which include any addition or renovation which results ilia total structure size gxeater than 3,000 square feet, following standards must be met: Size of Development in Square Feet Reqnired HERS Index for New Stinctm,es Maximum Allowable Aminal CO2 Emissions Up to 1000 S5 20,000 lbs 1001 -3000 60 10,000 lbs 3001 - 5000 2i with required on-site renewable o$sets, tinder Section 4, below ;,000 lbs 1001 and larger Less than 10 0 lbs Additionally, for homes with a size of 3,001 to 5,000 square feet, the homeowner or builder must offset at least 50 percent of their projected energy use through the use of on-site renewable energy systems. In addition to the requirement for on-site renewable energy systems for lionles greater than 3,001 square feet, on-site renewables will also be required to otTset the energy use of exterior snowmelt systems, spas, pools or gas fireplaces. do, -)--2 California The California PUC and the California Energy Commission have adopted a Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan that requires all new homes to be zero energy by 2020 and all new commercial buildings to be zero energy by 2030. This document can be downloaded from the following sites: http://vavNv.ealiforniaener2yefficiencv.com/index.shtml http://www. cpuc.ca. gov/PUC/enerey/Energy+Efficiency/EE+General+Info/ees12.htm Texas City of Austin "In February 15, 2007, the city council passed Resolution No. 20070215-23, the Austin Climate Protection Plan, calling for the drafting of new building codes consistent with reducing energy use in single-family homes by 65% and all other public and private buildings by 75% by 2015. The November 2006 version of the Austin Energy Code will serve as a reference." Source: DSIRE website: bttp://www.dsireusa.org/librarv/includes/incentive2.cfni?Incentive Code=TX19R&Curre ntPageID=1 &RE=1 &EE=1 City of Frisco "The residential green building program began in 2001 under Ordinance No. 01-05-39, which required that all single-family residential structures platted after May 31, 2001 receive the EPA Energy Star designation for energy efficiency. The original ordinance was amended in 2006 with additional requirements for structures with building permits filed after June 30, 2007. These new structures are required to be meet Energy Star specifications with a score of 83 or lower on the Home Energy Rating System (HERS) index. An Energy Star designation requires a HERS score of 85 or lower." Source: DSIRE website: http://www.dsireusa.org/library/includes/incentive2.cfm?Incentive Code=TX16R&state= TX&CurrentPagelD=1 &RE=1 &EE=1