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Home My WebLink AboutCOM 0464.003 2010-2012SUBMITTED BY: JEFF ZIMPFER, Ph.D., NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SPECIALIS RE: COMM. 464 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park Hawaii County Government Relations Committee Te tJObC(BaP SPOT a0R90lf Ca102001 1a11e -lma, Bewail go 18. 1974 The 0000.1ap of the lntarlot 0.10.0 State. apitSnt of the Interior Ma.titogtm, 1. C. 20240 rear 0r. seeretat7: ro ascots... rlth the mandate of Public Le 92 -346, w i..seetfu117 subait to you a rawly entitled. Ma 991rl3 of 0.1000- Banntoh.o, relating to the faeal0111ty and desirability of ....limning.. part Of the National Part 9y.ts. the site of the gm,otohan Rational aletorlc l,and- Nark red adjacent raters. 01.0 .tiny referred to but 1e not limited to. fimige with merest to the historic. cultural. archaeological, ..emeg, me oatmeal valuate of the a.odio e a involved e and recae040100,. 7 pnaerntleo and interpretation efthose re s , including the role of native Randier. relative to the sannsssent od Perfotmo,ce of that Presei'✓ Sim and to rpretatia and the providing to the of x'a1115W oPpmtai- tie. in .000 eneg.ment and prf:.mauce. M. NW .pedal pio sut0 is 100.roting this *tiny, because three,. for the fix.t time, native Hawaiian. here beat able to tell their reap aid tall it in their are wq. Poe thin oyprtmtty, w sr.. our aimere =halo to the Cong..e of the Paitsd states, the Department of the interior, the latimml Pert Som.. and the tp.rw. other p.opla too bate contrib.L, their botta. NR'arier G. N 1ae Prw!aWi%!4 F 198 0.0.1004II STUDY !MKl90gf CaQ991m 4/30/2012 PIGRC CZ C, — Coilini Nei 1/ 4 3 Ref. Too, Pirated. Ref. Date MAY 1 2012 1 KA -LOKO ONO-KO -HAU Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park "I rre uynanuc thread that ties are envuorrnrerit together is water.... The land, sea, and sky act as carriers for this valuable resource and make possible the settlement of man. ... Hawaiians, perceiving the necessity of water on isolated islands, oriented their land -sea use patterns to the water cycle. ... Each ahupua'a developed around a recognition that all of its elements were interdependent. What affected the mauka regions, affected the makai. What affected the neighboring ahupua'a affected it. What affected the land affected the fishponds and the sea. What affected the water cycle affected the total environment. This is the way it was and is at Ka -Ioko, Hono- ko -hau." The spirit of KA -LOKO HONO -KO -HAU, page 51 4/30/2012 2 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park CA-.I L c -lam C—K' Conoer• Ml p•..ing- b.,N.. —Fay Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park — Setting • 596 acres marine waters. 564 acres land • Four Ahupua'a Extensive Cultural Resources • Two Hawaiian Fishponds • Heiau • House sites • Raised planters • Petroglyphs • Burial sites • Stone slide Natural Resources • Coastal terrestrial & marine habitats • Wetlands • Anchialine pool habitat • Endemic & indigenous biota, 16 threatened, endangered and candidate species IITHF<,v; KALOKO •"� HONOKOHAU NATIONAL HISTORICAL AHAAKAFA PARK AIOP?O LILHTHAP •�'•�® Kaloko- Honoki hau National Historical Park I I 4/30/2012 3 Kaloko- 1onokohau National 1istorical Park Natural and scenic beauty 1.75 miles of shoreline access Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park Uncle Peter Keka, Master Wall Builder rst • ay of wa construction 1995 4/30/2012 4 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park 4/30/2012 5 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park 4/30/2012 6 4/30/2012 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park Potential threats to t Park's (and West Hawaii's) cultural an biological resour Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park "Landowners in the area have proposed a development plan in which the lands of Ka- loko and Hono -ko -hau are designed for resort and urban use. Perhaps the spirit of Ka -loko, Hono -ko -hau has withered because the spirit of the Hawaiian people has withered; slowly eroded by the powerful forces of the west,..." The spirit of KA -LOKO HONO- KO -HAU. page 19 Kaloko- Honokohau National Historical Park 1978 Land Use Districts State of Hawaii 2012 Pet1o0Ia OIL Ia C,�O 14abk0- HmckaA a I4at0o l Hrtt�ticaJ i`ak State of Hawaii Land the Districts M rope - M Groundwater Discharge to Ocean 2005 Thermal Infrared Image, A Johnson, UH Manoa = Warm, Salty Ocean Water = Cold, Fresher Groundwater Input 3 Mgal /day per mile of coastline* 4/30/2012 8 Anchialine Pools orange-black damselfly, Megalagrion xanthomelas ".# Opae 'ula (Metabetaus lohena and Halocardinia rubra) 4/30/2012 9 4/30/2012 Kaloko Fishpond • Striped mullet is an estaurine species • Fishponds / bays provide essential nursery habitat (Nishimoto et al. 2007) • Optimal hatching conditions temperature and salinity dependent (Crosetti & Cataudella 1995) 'Ama 'ama (Mugil cephalus) Nearshore Marine Waters • Optimal productivity of Gracilaria coronopifolia is salinity dependent (Duarte et al. 2010) 4.0 3.5 r • 7 3A • 2.0 1.5 1.0 • 0.5 0.0 Amato 2009 19 27 35 SGD Trsatmsnt (X. salinity) Limo kohu (Asparagopsis taxiformis) Limu 'ele'ele (Enteromorpha prolifera) Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park Potential threats to the ark's (and Wes Hawaii's) cultural an biological resources A) Water Quantity Water Withdrawal a 12 rn c 0 E c E a c 4 0 Monthly pumpage - Keauhou aquifer Hawaii CANS reported purroage Other reported pumpage keanou 12 -month rno4ng average oflotat pumpage Modified from USGS 81 85 88 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 91 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 07 na 05 06 07 08 25 20 15 10 5 4/30/2012 12 16 - 16 14 12 12 -month moving average of monthly precipitation at lanihau gauge - 12 -month moving average of monthly precipitation at Kainaliu gauge - 12 -month moving average of total pumpage in Keauhou aquifer 2 0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 14 12 4 2 I 0 250 200 °' 150 0 0 m o E 100 50 • with agricultural demands without agricultural demands CWRM Sustainable Yield 0 , — • __ 1 1 1978 Water 2006 Water Planned 2025 Medium County Zoning County General Use Use' Development Population full Build -Out' Plan full Build - in North Kona' Growth' Out' 600% - 500% R 400% a 0 300% 6. 200% 100% 0% R a 4/30/2012 13 Kaloko -I Ionokohau National historical Park Nat Washing Keahole Point 1 -12 DINS Kalaoa A Ooma 1 OWS Hualalai •� Koh naiki Desalination Plant Kaloko Makai (proposed)11 (OWS Palani 1 eIonokohau Quarry PHonokohau 2 OW s Honokohau auolu 2 (pro • sed) DWS Keahuelu LT le elWeppd4FDC Park boundary Ahupua'a gm Fishpond Coral reef Anchialine pool • Pumping well Observation well KeopsoPUUho Douro. Coffee e1 l 0 05 1 ` 1 2 Mile Groundwater Discharge to Ocean 2005 Thermal Infrared Image, A Johnson. UH Manoa = Warm, Salty Ocean Water = Cold, Fresher Groundwater Input 3 Mgal /day per mile of coastline* 4/30/2012 14 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park Potential threats to the Park's (and West Hawaii's) cultural a biological resources.: B) Water Quality Nutrients Pathogens Toxic Contaminants quantity Decreased quality 4/30/2012 15 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park fr COUNTY OF HAWAII SEWER NETWORK KALLUA -KONA, HAWAII 4/30/2012 16 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park West Hawai'i UIC wells by district NORTH RORA., • SOUTH RORAL• • • to OR ON • Underground injection wells Aug 2009 HI JuJUial Dtstr, 4/30/2012 17 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park • • Koha iki Desalination Plant OPark boundary Ahupua'a Fishpond Coral reel Anchiatine pool Injection wells . Sewage /industrial • Storm runoff 0 5 ZMile Groundwater Discharge to Ocean 2005 Thermal Infrared Image, A. Johnson. UH Manoa = Warm, Salty Ocean Water = Cold, Fresher Groundwater Input 3 Mgal /day per mile of coastline' 4/30/2012 18 Maui Coral Cover Over Time 42% bisis1: 1995 2000 20905 55% 33% • Kahekili Honolua 2000 2005 1995 Papaula Pt. 0 o uamana 50.754 _ [3% 8% 18% Olowalu 1 8 /0 81 1995 2000 2003 O Maalaea • 1995 2000 2005 Hawaii Division of Aquatic Resources 2007 43%_ 361 1995 2000 2005 77 4k Molokini -0 "' Kanahena Bay 10 Mlles Kanahena Pt. N A 30% 17% 2000 2005 23% _ 6% 1995 2000 2005 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park 4/30/2012 1 9 WAGS 0,.p..4 ■,•A.A. H.__,,,_ Ihrporren. eIlea .M_w_,085.50.. A Multitracer Approach to Detecting Wastewater Plumes from Municipal Injection Wells in Nearshore Marine Waters at Kihei and lahaiva, Maui Hawaii Scent* in estgasons Report 20094753 i{: arm. iw" Yonagroot .° b_O J s orizoorr. oar, Yr at, purr.. � :c•• • C0510,0055 - On oor a No/ roar. soor air • £ Y' s m 0.031.,011•14 mow/fro mfr. awls.. •r ply •Vompt �•,..�..°� :.., rr iii Non r M.e,FOmM.anr.*.Parr tiornwsr.ivae..pmmlr nmd.W .xr v Mum m Or Ora Or Orr Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park t Mahalo November 2010 Voters of Hawaii county overwhelmingly voted to amended the County Charter iG ...the county shall conserve and protect Hawaii's natural beauty and all natural and cultural resources and shall promote the development and utilization of these resources in a manner consistent with their conservation and in furtherance of the self -su .. - ncy of the county." 4/30/2012 20 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park ahalo September 2011 Office of Hawaiian Affairs passed a resolution to encourage all stakeholders to actively work to prote natural and cultural resources that are dependent on the Keauhou Aquifer Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park 4/30/2012 21 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park October 2011 Association of Hawaiian Civic Clubs passed a resolution to encourage all stakeholders to actively work to prote natural and cultural resources that are ndent on the Kea Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park 'arias tnat are designated or owned by the state in the area should be given special zoning limiting their uses to activities compatible to a cultural park. The County General Plan and zoning ordinances of the area should limit the uses of the lands immediately surrounding Ka -Ioko, Hono- ko -hau to compatible activities. Lands further mauka should be restricted in density in order to preserve the integrity of the park and protect its water resources." The spirit of KA -LOKO HONO- KO -HAU, page 54 4/30/2012 22 Kaloko - Honokohau National Historical Park "The dyna ad that ties the environment together is water. ..." 4/30/2012 23