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INFORMATIONAL MEETING
PRESENTATION ON GEOTHERMAL
ASSET FUND & PROPOSED
GEOTHERMAL ROYALTY FUND
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 23, 1995
10:30 A.M.
COUNTY COUNCIL ROOM
Comm. No, (O.c
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Ref. Date 111N 0 R 2012
A enda
0;` I. Context
Geothermal Subzone:
Map
Permitted Uses by State Statutes
Date of Establishment
Lava Hazard Zone
Map
Implications for Property
Appraised Values Within the Area - Historical Data
II. Geothermal Asset Fund
Condition 51
Jurisdiction
Types of Claims
III. Geothermal Royalty. Fund
Survey
Proposed Bill
IV. State Royalty/Programs
(tIrl
STATE OF HAWAII
GEOTHERMAL ACTION PLAN
ELEMENT II
REVIEW OF EMERGENCY PLAN AND RESPONSE TO THE
12 JUNE 1991 UNCONTROLLED VENTING OF THE
PUNA GEOTHERMAL VENTURES (PGV) KS8
GEOTHERMAL WELL
SUBMITTED TO: The Honorable Lorraine R. Inouye
Mayor of Hawaii County
25 Aupuni Street
Hilo, Hawaii 96720
The Honorable John C. Lewin, M.D.
Director of Health
State of Hawaii
Department of Health
1250 Punchbowl Street
Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
PREPARED BY: J. Mark Ingoglia, M.P.H. , Manager
- - Hazard Evaluation and Emergency
Response Office
Five Waterfront Plaza
500 Ala Moana Boulevard, Suite 250C
Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
DATE: July 18, 1991
4
REVIEW COMMITTEE MEMBERS
Wendall Sano
Hawaii State Department of Health
Clean Air Branch
Harding Fragas, Jr.
Deputy Fire Chief
Hawaii County Fire Department
Paul Fisher
State Civil Defense
Planning and Operations Branch
Jiggie Hommon, Manager
Hawaii State Chapter
American Red Cross
J. Mark Ingoglia, M.P.H, Manager
Hawaii State Department of Health
Hazard Evaluation and Emergency Response Office
Harry Kim, Administrator
Hawaii County Civil Defense Agency
Robert L. Reynolds, APCO
Lake County Air Quality Management District
Lakeport, California
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GEOLOGIC HAZARDS IMPACT ANALYSIS
OF
POTENTIAL GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE AREAS
Circular C-107
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State of Hawaii
DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Division of Water and Land Development
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GEOLOGIC HAZARDS IMPACT ANALYSIS
OF POTENTIAL GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE AREAS
Circular C-107
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I State of Hawaii
DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Division of Water and Land Development
Honolulu, Hawaii
September 1984
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GEORGE R. ARIYOSHI
Governor
BOARD OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SUSUMU ONO, Chairperson, Member at Large
ROLAND H. HIGASHI, Hawaii Member
THOMAS S. YAGI, Maui Member
J. DOUGLAS ING, Oahu Member
MOSES W. KEALOHA, Member at Large
LEONARD H. ZALOPANY , Kauai Member
DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SUSUMU ONO, Chairperson and Member
Board of Land and Natural Resources
EDGAR A. HAMASU, Deputy to the Chairperson
ROBERT T. CHUCK, Manager-Chief Engineer
Division of Water and Land Development
ii
1
PREFACE
Act 296, Session Laws of Hawaii 1983, as amended by Act 151,
SLH 1984, requires that the Board of Land and Natural Resources
examine various factors when designating subzone areas for the
exploration, development, and production of geothermal resources.
These factors include potential for production, prospects for
utilization, geologic hazards, social and environmental impacts, land
use compatibility, and economic benefits. The Department of Land and
Natural Resources has prepared a series of reports which addresses
each of the subzone factors. This report analyzes the major geologic
hazards and their resultant effects within potential geothermal areas.
1 Effects include risks to people and property. Available hazard
mitigation techniques will also be described.
+:` This report was prepared by Joseph Kubacki, Energy Specialist,
in collaboration with Dr. George Walker, Volcanologist with the Hawaii
jInstitute of Geophysics, and under the general direction of Manabu
Tagomori, Chief Water Resources and Flood Control Engineer, Division
of Water and Land Development, Department of Land and Natural
Resources.
I
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CONTENTS
Page
PREFACE
111
SUMMARY vii
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS IN HAWAII: THEIR DESCRIPTION AND EFFECT
Lava Flows 1
Pyroclastic Fallout 2
Ground Cracks 3
Ground Subsidence 4
Earthquakes 4
Tsunami 5
MEASURES TO MITIGATE DAMAGE FROM GEOLOGIC HAZARDS . 5
PAST ATTEMPTS TO MITIGATE GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
Construction of Walls to Restrict Lava Flows in
Kapoho, Hawaii 9
Use of Lava Diversion Walls and Explosives
on Mount Etna, Italy 10
Pumping Water on Lava Flows in Kapoho, Hawaii 11
Pumping Water on Lava Flows on Heimaey Island, Iceland . . 11
Bombing Lava Channels on Mauna Loa, Hawaii 12
Emergency Planning at the Geothermal Development
in Krafla, Iceland 12
GEOLOGIC HAZARD ANALYSIS
Maui
13
Haleakala Southwest Rift Zone 13
Haleakala East Rift Zone 13
Hawaii 14
Hualalai 14
Mauna Loa Southwest Rift Zone 14
Mauna Loa Northeast Rift Zone 15
Kilauea Southwest Rift Zone 16
Kilauea Upper East Rift Zone 17
Kilauea Lower East Rift Zone 20
REFERENCES 37
V
3
FIGURES
Figure Page
1 Map of the Kilauea summit area, showing extent
of pumice blanket from Kilauea Iki vent in 1959 21
2 Map of part of the east rift zone of Kilauea
showing faults, cracks, and lava flows formed in 1961 . . 22
3 Map showing the pattern of faults in the Hilina
fault system, on the southern flank of Kilauea volcano 23
4 Formation of pit craters 24
5 Rainfall of Kilauea 25
6 Map of the southwestern part of Haleakala volcano,
island of Maui, showing the lava flows of the 1790
eruption and the spatter cones at their vents 26
7 Map of Haleakala volcano, showing vents of the Kula
and Hana Volcanic Series 27
I
8 Map of the island of Hawaii, showing the five
( major volcanoes that make up the island, and the
historic lava flows 28
9 Summary of Kilauea's eruption history during the
last 1500 years 29
10 Percentage of ground covered by lava flows, from 1954
to 1984, as it varies with distance north and south I
of Kilauea's east rift zone axis 30
11 Map showing volcanic rift zones and faults on I
the island of Hawaii 31
12 Zones of relative risk from lava-flow burial 32
13 Zones of relative risk from falling volcanic fragments . 33
14 Volcano rift and shoreline zones subject to relatively
high risk from subsidence 34
15 General areas of high, medium, and low risk from
surface ruptures 35
16A 1983 lava flow on Mt. Etna in Italy 36 r.
16B Cross-section of explosives placement area 36
16C Typical barrier cross-section 36
vi
J
GODDARD & GODDARD ENGINEERING
Environmental Studies
STATE OF HAWAII GEOTHERMAL ACTION PLAN
ELEMENT III PART II
MICROMETEOROLOGICAL AEROMETRIC AND
HEALTH EFFECTS ANALYSIS
L,
6870 Frontage Rd.,Lucerne, CA 95458-8504 (707)274-2171
ELEMENT III
PART II
STATE OF HAWAII
GEOTHERMAL ACTION PLAN
MICROMETEOROLOGICAL AEROMETRIC AND HEALTH EFFECTS ANALYSIS
CONTRIBUTION TO THE
INDEPENDENT AIR AND NOISE MONITORING PROGRAM REVIEW
CONCERNING THE JUNE 12, 13 AND 14, 1991 UNCONTROLLED VENTING
OF THE PUNA GEOTHERMAL VENTURES KS8 GEOTHERMAL WELL
SUBMITTED TO: Honorable Lorraine R. Inouye,
Mayor County of Hawaii
25 Au Pu Ni Street
Hilo, Hawaii, 96720
John C. Lewin, M.D., Director of Health
Bruce S. Anderson, Ph.D., Deputy Director
State of Hawaii
Department of Health
1250 Punchbowl St., #325
Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
PREPARED BY: GODDARD & GODDARD ENGINEERING
- ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES -
6870 Frontage Road
Lucerne, CA 95458
(707) 274-2171 Voice/FAX
DATE: July 22, 1991
GODDARD & GODDARD ENGINEERING - ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
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Page i
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We wish to acknowledge the rapid assistance given to G&GE by John C. Lewin,
M.D., Director; Bruce S. Anderson, Ph.D., Deputy Director; Tom Arizumi, Chief
Environmental Management; Paul Aki, Chief Clean Air Branch; Weldell Sano, Envi-
ronmental Health Specialist, Clean Air Branch, Department of Health; Dean Nakano,
Department of Land and Natural Resources; and their respective staffs; State of
Hawaii; Sal Price and Karl Turner, Supervisor, U.S. Weather Service; Mrs. Jane
Hedtke, Secretary of the Kapoho Community Association; and the many others
who provided data and answered our questions.
ELEMENT III PART I AND PART II REPORTS INTEGRATION
CThe Element III report contains Part I, Independent Air and Noise Program Review of
Concerning the June 1991 Uncontrolled Venting of the Puna Geothermal Ventures
KS-8 Geothermal Well, prepared by Robert L. Reynolds, Chairman Element III review
committee, Air Pollution Control Officer (APCO) and Noise Control Officer, Lake
County Air Quality Management District, Lakeport, California; and Part II of Element
III, State of Hawaii Geothermal Action Plan. Micrometeorological Aerometric and
Health Effects Analysis, prepared by Wilson B. Goddard, Ph.D., Principal, Goddard &
Goddard Engineering - Environmental Studies, Lucerne, California. The Part I and
Part II reports are in full agreement as to the major findings and recommendations.
GODDARD & GODDARD ENGINEERING - ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Page ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION TITLE
Pane
ES 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Qf FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 1
ES 2.0 SUMMARY Q_F FINDINGS 1
ES 3.0 SUMMARY DI RECOMMENDATIONS 2
1.0 INTRODUCTION 3
2.0 STUDY METHODOLOGY 5
3.0 1IR QUALITY IMPACT ANALYSIS 7
3.1 METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS DURING THE EVENT 7
3.2 LOCAL AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 8
3.2.1 Local Imoact Assessments 25
3.2.2 Reoional Impact Assessment 25
4.0 PUBLIC HEALTH EFFECTS 28
4.1 COMMUNITY HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT 38
5.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 41
6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS 42
C REFERENCES 47
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A A-1
MICROMETEOROLOGICAL AIR DISPERSION ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
(MADAM)
APPENDIX B B-1
KS8 WELL VENTING HEALTH COMPLAINTS AND SYMPTOMS DATA
APPENDIX C C-1
OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF AIR RESOURCES (OMAR)
GODDARD & GODDARD ENGINEERING - ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Page iv
LIST OF FIGURES
NUMBER TITLE
Pane
FIGURE 3-1 FREQUENCY OF ANNUAL NIGHTTIME WIND DIRECTIONS 9
FIGURE 3-2 FREQUENCY OF ANNUAL DAYTIME WIND DIRECTIONS 10
FIGURE 3-3 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 0100 TO 0200 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 11
FIGURE 3-4 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 0300 TO 0400 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 12
FIGURE 3-5 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 0400 TO 0500 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 13
FIGURE 3-6 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 0600 TO 0700 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 14
FIGURE 3-7 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 0800 TO 0900 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 15
FIGURE 3-8 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 1000 TO 1100 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 16
FIGURE 3-9 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 1300 TO 1400 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 17
FIGURE 3-10 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 1600 TO 1700 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 18
FIGURE 3-11 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 1900 TO 2000 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 19
FIGURE 3-12 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 2200 TO 2300 HOURS
JUNE 13, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 20
FIGURE 3-13 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 0100 TO 0230 HOURS
JUNE 14, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 21
FIGURE 3-14 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 0400 TO 0530 HOURS
JUNE 14, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 22
FIGURE 3-15 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING 1000 TO 1200 HOURS
JUNE 14, 1991 LOCAL IMPACT 23
FIGURE 3-16 PGV KS8 WELL VENTING JUNE 12, 13 AND
14, 1991 REGIONAL PLUME TRANSPORT 24
FIGURE 6-1 SUGGESTED PAMP AEROMETIC MONITORING STATIONS
PLACEMENT 44
Independent Technical Investigation
of the PiiRa Geothermal Venture Unplanned
• Steam' elease, June 12 and 13, 1991
Puna, Hawaii
For:
The Honorable Lorraine R. Inouye, Mayor
County of Hawaii
and
The Honorable William W. Paty, Chairperson
Board of Land and Natural Resources
Prepared by:
Richard Thomas, Dick Whiting, James Moore and Duey Milner
JULY 1991
}
fY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary e 1
Introduction 3
Approach 3
Investigation Team Members 3
Persons Interviewed by Investigation Team 4
Geology 5
Drilling Permits and Inspections 5
General Drilling Program at PGV Location 6
Well KS-7 Blowout Incident 6
Drilling Activities on Well KS-8 Prior To, During, and After the Blowout 6
Well KS-8 Drilling History 6
Current Status of Well KS-8 10
Analysis of Shallow Subsurface Geologic System
(Surface to 2000') 11
Analysis of the Deep Kick in KS-8 11
Analysis of Blowout Equipment 12
Supervisory Personnel 13
Recommendations 13
Recommendations for Upper Portion of Well
(Surface to 2000') 13
Recommendations for Equipment Modifications and Additional Equipment 14
Recommendations for State Regulatory Agencies 15
Recommendations for Supervisory Personnel 16
General Comments on the Permit/Regulatory Process 16
Conclusion 16
Glossary of Drilling Terms 17
Appendix A - Figures 1 to 10
Appendix B - Drilling $istory Between May 1, 1991 and June 6, 1991
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ATTACHMENTS TO PLANNING MEMO ON ASSET FUND RULES
11/12/93
1. HRS 205-5. 1 Legislation establishing the Planning Commission
as the County entity responsible for geothermal permitting and
the role of mediation.
2 . Geothermal Resource Permit No. 2 (GRP-2) .
., y4
3 . Correspondence_ between the County Council Chairman of the
County Council and Corporation Counsel regarding Condition 51.
4 . Planning Commission minutes, June 6, 1989.
5• " " " June 19, 1989 .
6. " " " August 8, 1989.
7. Final Report on Mediation, dated August 21, 1989 including a
letter from the Governor regarding the Asset Fund.
8. Planning Commission minutes, August 28, 1989 .
9• " " " September 19, 1989.
10. Correspondence between the Planning Director and the
Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) and between
the Planning Director and the Planning Commission regarding
the States contribution of $250, 000 to the Geothermal Asset
Fund.
11. Planning Commission minutes, December 19, 1993 .
12 . Draft Geothermal Asset Fund Rules developed by the joint
County, State, developer, and community committee, from a
May 7, 1991 meeting.
13 . Draft Geothermal Asset Fund Rules presented to the public on
June 16, 1992.
14 . Draft Geothermal Asset Fund Rules dated June 18 , 1992
incorporating the May 7, 1991 draft.
15 . Draft Geothermal Asset Fund Rules dated April 23 , 1993 .
' s
Implementation Plan
for the
Hawaii Geothermal Project
Environmental Impact Statement
Prepared by
The United States Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
altom
` 9TES O"P
April 1993
U.S. Department of Energy
Washington, D.C.
Implementation Plan
for the
Hawaii Geothermal Project
Environmental Impact Statement
Prepared by
The United States Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Washington, D.C.
In Cooperation with
County of Hawaii
County of Maui
National Marine Fisheries Service
National Park Service
State of Hawaii
United States Army Corps of Engineers
United States Fish and Wildlife Service
United States Geological Survey
April 1993
Implementation Plan April 1993
H G P
CONTENTS
PREFACE V
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE EIS IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 3
1.2 BACKGROUND OF HAWAII GEOTHERMAL PROJECT 3
1.2.1 Purpose and Need 3
1.2.2 Description of HGP Phases 1 and 2 3
1.3 PROPOSED ACTION 4
1.3.1 DOE Decision 4
1.3.2 Description of HGP Phases 3 and 4 5
1.4 RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT
ACTIVITIES 6
1.5 EIS COOPERATING AGENCIES 6
2. TREATMENT OF ALTERNATIVES 7
2.1 ALTERNATIVES WITHIN THE PROPOSED PROJECT 7
2.1.1 Development Scenarios 7
2.1.2 Geothermal Technologies 8
2.1.3 Alternative Sites 8
( 2.1.4 Alternative Cable and Transmission Line Routes and Technologies 8
2.1.4.1 Cable Routes 8
2.1.4.2 Cable Materials and Configurations 9
2.1.4.3 High-Voltage dc vs High-Voltage ac Transmission 9
2.1.4.4 Land-Sea Transitions 9
2.1.4.5 Multiple Uses of the Cable
2.2 ALTERNATIVES TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT 9
2.2.1 No-action 10
2.2.2 Alternative Supply-Demand Options 10
2.3 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED BUT ELIMINATED FROM
DETAILED CONSIDERATION 10
3. THE SCOPING PROCESS AND RESULTS 11
3.1 NOTICE OF INTENT 12
3.2 SCOPING MEETINGS 12
3.3 RESULTS OF SCOPING 14
3.3.1 Meteorology/Air Quality/HGP Emissions 14
3.3.2 Surface and Groundwater Resources 18
3.3.3 Geologic Issues 19
3.3.4 Ecological Resources 21
3.3.4.1 Terrestrial Resources 22
3.3.4.2 Aquatic Resources 23
3.3.4.3 Marine Resources 24
3.3.5 Noise 25
3.3.6 Land Use 26
3.3.7 Health and Safety 27
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Page iii
Implementation Plan April 1993
H G P
PREFACE
The Hawaii Geothermal Project (HGP) has been proposed by the State of Hawaii as part
of a strategy for developing an indigenous, non-fossil power resource in the State. It has been
determined that the HGP is subject to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
(NEPA). An environmental impact statement (EIS) (DOE/EIS-0187) is being prepared by the
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to identify and assess the environmental consequences of
the HGP.
This Implementation Plan (IP) is a DOE public disclosure document, prepared preceeding
issuance of a draft EIS, for recording the results of the scoping process and providing
guidance to DOE for preparation of the HGP Draft EIS. The IP includes a statement of the
planned scope and content of the EIS; the purpose and need for the proposed action; a
description of the scoping process and the results, including a summary of comments received
and their disposition; target schedules; anticipated consultation with other agencies; and
disclosure statements executed by contractors and subcontractors assisting DOE in the
preparation of the EIS. The IP is a "living document" in that it may be revised as needed
throughout the preparation of the EIS to provide updated information regarding major
changes in scope, methodology, or work plan.
As a public disclosure document, the IP and any formal revisions are available to the
public for information. Copies of the HGP IP are available upon written request. Copies will
be filed in 25 DOE public reading rooms and circulated among agencies and organizations on
the HGP EIS mailing list. This IP has received an internal review by DOE and by cooperating
1 _ agencies that are participating in the preparation of the EIS.
Questions about the IP or HGP and written requests for copies of the IP may be directed
to:
Ms. Judith C. Stroud, ER-10
Program Director, Hawaii Geothermal Project
Environmental Impact Statement
U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Operations
P.O. Box 2001
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8600
Telephone: (615) 576-0723
FAX: (615) 576-0006
General information on the procedures followed by DOE in complying with NEPA may be
obtained from:
Ms. Carol Borgstrom, Director
Office of NEPA Oversight (EH-25)
U.S. Department of Energy
1000 Independence Avenue, SW
Washington, D.C. 20585
Telephone: (800) 472-2756 (Toll free)
(202) 586-4600
FAX: (202) 586-7031
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Page v