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Home My WebLink AboutCOM 0393.118 2012-2014 Page 1 of 4 COMP( CLERK Murashige, Laura C``"""T °' f v,r di From: Mitsuko Hayakawa [foodsovereigntynow @gmail.com] 7013 OCT 14 PM 3: 43 Sent: Sunday, October 13, 2013 10:40 PM To: counciltestimony @co.hawaii.hi.us Subject: Please support Bill 113 Aloha Hawaii County Council Members, I am writing in STRONG support of Bill 113 with an amendment to prohibit existing GMO corn. I am attaching below links to studies showing adverse affects of GMOs on our environment. There is sufficient evidence that we should be seriously concerned about GMO corn in our environment. Please also pass this bill WITHOUT the following amendments: Comm 393.052 Amendment to Bill 113 to exempt GMO research & cultivation by universities and government agencies, flower/horticulture industry, and allow cultivation of approved GMO crops/plants. Comm 393.053 Amendment to Bill 113 to exempt GMO papaya from registration. Comm 393.054 This amendment repeats papaya and university/government GMO statements in both amendments above. Thank you for your consideration to this important matter. Mitsuko Hayakawa Mother of Three GMO-Free Oahu The MOM Hui, Oahu Chapter There is sufficient evidence of GM harming wildlife/environment! A. Bees 2003 WILD BEE ABUNDANCE AND SEED PRODUCTION IN CONVENTIONAL, ORGANIC, AND GENETICALLY MODIFICATION CANOLA "There was no pollination deficit in organic fields, a moderate pollination deficit in conventional fields, and the greatest pollination deficit in GM fields. Bee abundance was greatest in organic fields, followed by conventional fields, and lowest in GM fields."http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/03-5271 2008 Does Cry1Ab protein affect learning performances of the honey bee Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae)? Institute de Ecologia, Veracruz, Mexico. "honey bee feeding behaviour was affected when exposed to the highest concentration of Cry1Ab protein, with honey bees taking longer to imbibe the contaminated syrup. Moreover, honey bees exposed to 5000 ppb of Cry1Ab had disturbed learning performances. Honey bees continued to respond to a conditioned odour even in the absence of a food reward. Our results show that transgenic crops expressing Cry1Ab protein at 5000 ppb may affect food consumption or learning processes and thereby may impact honey bee foraging efficiency." http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18206234 2010 Quantification of toxins in a Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton cultivar and its potential effects on the honey bee Comm. No., .39-3, //8 Ref.To: P/Co 11' c// Ref.Dote, OCT 15 Z013 10/14/2013 Page 2 of 4 Apis mellifera L. "during a 7-day oral exposure to the various treatments (transgenic, imidacloprid-treated and control), honey bee feeding behaviour was disturbed and bees consumed significantly less CCRI41 cotton pollen than in the control group in which bees were exposed to conventional cotton pollen. It may indicate an antifeedant effect of CCRI41 pollen on honey bees and thus bees may be at risk because of large areas are planted with transgenic Bt cotton in China.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20700762 2005 " In an indoor flight cage we exposed bee colonies to different syrupscontaining CrylAb protoxin, deltamethrin or imidacloprid at 1000 pg/kg, 500 pg/kg and 48 pg/kg,respectively.""Concerning CrylAb protoxin, foragingactivity decreased during and after exposure toCrylAb protein""This suggests that differ- ent behaviours, such as communication processesleading to the recruitment to the food source,and individual learning ability expressed by therecognition of scented sites, could be differen-tially affected by the toxin." http://academia.edu/1225695/Effects_of Cry1Ab_protoxin_deltamethrin_and_imidacloprid_on_the_fo raging_activity_and_the_learning_performances_of_the_honeybee_Apis_mellifera_a_comparative_approac h "genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) winter oilseed rape (WOSR)""Within the growing season, the lower abundance of dicots in the GMHT treatment might suggest that bees and butterflies, and other animals that depend upon dicots, would not fare well if GMHT WOSR were widely adopted. Indeed, that groups of bees and butterflies were similarly affected by GMHT herbicide management in spring-sown beet, SOSR and WOSR suggests a consistent effect of GMHT management that might have a negative impact on pollinator abundance, and conceivably on pollination (Allen-Wardell et al. 1998)." http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/272/1562/463.full B. Butterflies 2011 Decline of monarch butterflies overwintering in Mexico: is the migratory phenomenon at risk? "Three factors appear to have contributed to reduce monarch abundance: degradation of the forest in the overwintering areas; the loss of breeding habitat in the United States due to the expansion of GM herbicide- resistant crops, with consequent loss of milkweed host plants, as well as continued land development; and severe weather." http://onlinelibrary.wiiey.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-4598.2011.00142.x/abstract "The size of the Mexican overwintering population of monarch butterflies has decreased over the last decade. Approximately half of these butterflies come from the U.S. Midwest where larvae feed on common milkweed. There has been a large decline in milkweed in agricultural fields in the Midwest over the last decade. This loss is coincident with the increased use of glyphosate herbicide in conjunction with increased planting of genetically modified (GM) glyphosate-tolerant corn (maize) and soybeans (soya). http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/.1 752-45982012.00196.x/abstract "genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) winter oilseed rape (WOSR)""Within the growing season, the lower abundance of dicots in the GMHT treatment might suggest that bees and butterflies, and other animals that depend upon dicots, would not fare well if GMHT WOSR were widely adopted. Indeed, that groups of bees and butterflies were similarly affected by GMHT herbicide management in spring-sown beet, SOSR and WOSR suggests a consistent effect of GMHT management that might have a negative impact on pollinator abundance, and conceivably on pollination (Allen-Wardell et al. 1998)." http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/272/1562/463.full "Bt-maize pollen and the second generation I. io larvae would coincide, and an increased mortality of the larvae was predicted." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380012005315 "Results suggest that larvae exposed to Bt anthers behave differently and that ingestion may not be the only way Bt can affect nontarget insects like the monarch 10/14/2013 Page 3 of 4 butterfly." http://www.mendeley.com/research/effects-crylab-expressing-corn-anthers-movement-monarch- butterfly-larvae/ "We present the first evidence that transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn pollen naturally deposited on Asclepias syriaca; common milkweed, in a corn field causes significant mortality of Danaus plexippus L. (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) larvae." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs004420000502 http://www.sciencedirect.cam/science/article/pii/S1439179105001246 "In a laboratory assay we found that larvae of the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus, reared on milkweed leaves dusted with pollen from Bt corn, ate less, grew more slowly and suffered higher mortality than larvae reared on leaves dusted with untransformed corn pollen or on leaves without pollen." http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v399/n6733/abs/399214a0.html C. Two spotted ladybug 2009 Effects of Activated Bt Transgene Products (Cry1Ab, Cry3Bb) on Immature Stages of the Ladybird Adalia bipunctata in Laboratory Ecotoxicity Testing "A. bipunctata larvae fed with the lepidopteran-active Cry1Ab toxin exhibited significantly higher mortality than the control group.""This suggests that the increased mortality of larvae in the toxin feeding trials was caused directly by the activated Bt toxins " www.springerlink.com/content/4317km7733582u32/ 2012 A controversy re-visited: Is the coccinellid Adalia bipunctata adversely affected by Bt toxins? "The new data corroborates earlier findings that Cry1Ab toxin increases mortality in A. bipunctata larvae." http://www.enveurope.com/content/24/1/10 D. Water 2010 Occurrence of maize detritus and a transgenic insecticidal protein (Cry1Ab) within the stream network of an agricultural landscape."Six months after harvest, we conducted a synoptic survey of 217 stream sites in Indiana to determine the extent of maize detritus and presence of Cry1Ab protein in the stream network. We found that 86% of stream sites contained maize leaves, cobs, husks, and/or stalks in the active stream channel. We also detected Cry1Ab protein in stream-channel maize at 13% of sites and in the water column at 23% of sites.""Cry1Ab proteins persist in maize leaves and can be measured in the water column even 6 mo after harvest."http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876106 2007 Toxins in transgenic crop byproducts may affect headwater stream ecosystems. Loyola University Chicago "corn byproducts, such as pollen and detritus, enter headwater streams and are subject to storage, consumption, and transport to downstream water bodies. Laboratory feeding trials showed that consumption of Bt corn byproducts reduced growth and increased mortality of nontarget stream insects. Stream insects are important prey for aquatic and riparian predators, and widespread planting of Bt crops has unexpected ecosystem-scale consequences."http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17923672 E. Soil 2005 Impact of Bt Corn on Rhizospheric and Soil Eubacterial Communities and on Beneficial Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Experimental Microcosms "Plant residues of transgenic plants, plowed under at harvest and kept mixed with soil for up to 4 months, affected soil respiration, bacterial communities, and mycorrhizal establishment by indigenous endophytes." http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287690/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16269702 2011 Evidence of reduced arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization in multiple lines of Bt maize "These findings are the first demonstration of a reduction in AMF colonization in multiple Bt maize lines grown under the same experimental conditions and contribute to the growing body of knowledge examining the unanticipated effects of Bt crop cultivation on nontarget soil organisms. " http://www.amjbot.org/content/99/4/700.full http://on linel ibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02592.x/abstract 10/14/2013 Page 4 of 4 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15224917 F. Green lacewig "When reared only on artificial diet containing Cry1Ab toxin, total immature mortality was significantly higher (57%) than in the resp. untreated control (30%). Also, significantly more chrysopid larvae died (29%) that received Cry1Ab later during their larval development, compared with the resp. control (17%)." http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi? APP=ftslink&action=reflink&origin=npg&version=1.0&coi=1:CAS:528:DyaK1 cXntl 2ktbg%3D&pissn=1087- 0156&pyear=2006&md5=0478eaa80368d5b17f804cc5d189c8dd G. Earthworms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658223 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S09291393 05001241 H. Water Fleas Bohn T, Primicerio R, Hessen DO, Traavik T. (2008) Reduced fitness of Daphnia magna fed a Bt- transgenic maize variety. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2008 Nov;55(4):584-92. , "D. magna fed GM- maize showed a significantly reduced fitness performance: The mortality was higher, a lower proportion of females reached sexual maturation, and the overall egg production was lower compared to D. magna fed UM isogenic maize.""The combination of a reduced fitness performance combined with earlier onset of reproduction of D. magna fed Bt-maize indicates a toxic effect rather than a lower nutritional value of the GM-maize." http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347840 Thomas Bohn,Terje Traavik,and Raul Primicerio (2010) Demographic responses of Daphnia magna fed transgenic Bt-maize Ecotoxicology. 2010 February; 19(2): 419-430. ,"The GM-fed D. magna had lower survival (lx) than the UM-fed D. magna throughout the experiment" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2811247/ Other http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02611.x/abstract http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/CFS-Science-Comments-2_RRSB-DE IS.pdf http://www.gmfreecymru.org/pivotal_papers/hungarian.htm http://www.fourwindsl 0.net/siterun_data/science_technology/dna_gmo/news.php?q=1269701013 http://www.ioia.net/tables/biotechtbl.htm http://www.alphagalileo.orgNiewltem.aspx?Itemid=129294&CultureCode=en http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2311.2002.00436.x/full Transgenic Insecticidal Corn: Beyond Insecticidal Toxicity to Ecological Complexity http://www.researchgate.net/publication/232694303_Transgenic_Insecticidal_Corn_Beyond_Insecticidal_To xicity_to_Ecological_Complexity 10/14/2013