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Home My WebLink AboutCOM 0362.000 2016-2018Eileen O'Hara Council Member Council District 4 Chair., Environmental Management Committee Phone: (808) 965-2712 Fax: (808) 961-8912 Email: eileen.ohara@hawaiicounty.gov Vice Chair. Planning Committee and Agriculture, Water & Energy Sustainability Committee County of Hawaii Hawaii County Council 25 Aupuni Street, Suite 1402 • Hilo, Hawai'i 96720 ZZ C_ r— DATE: July 12, 2017 TO: Valerie T. Poindexter, Council Chair and Members of the Hawaii County Council W FROM: Eileen O'Hara, Council Member w SUBJECT: Request for a presentation by Jason Dela Cruz of the Department of Health Public Health Preparedness Public Health Educator on Rat Lungworm disease. By means of this communication I am requesting one hour on the Environmental Management Committee agenda for August 1, 2017, for a presentation by the Department of Health Public Health Educator, Jason Dela Cruz, the District Environmental Health Program Chief, Hawaii District Health Office, Eric Honda, the Hawaii Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Food Safety Program Manager, Luisa Castro, and the University of Hawaii at Manoa Cooperative Extension Service College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources Extension Agent, Julia Zee. Thank you for your attention to this matter. EO:bI Comm. No. 3 (ol Ref. Toa F, M L R( -.f. Date JUL 13Z917 a COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UMVMU INH WAIT AF MANOA Managing Slugs, Snails, and Flatworms in the Home Garden to Reduce the Risk of Rat Lungworm Infection IM �� xyll Cynthia Nazario-Leary, PhD Extension Agent in Urban Horticulture, Department of Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Effective management of slugs, snails, and flatworms utilizes a combination of methods, including elimination of desired hiding places, plant selection, barri- ers and traps, and baiting. None of these should be considered stand alone practices. Know your slugs from your snails All slugs, snails, and flatworms (predators >_ of slugs and snails) can be hosts of the Rat Lungworm parasite. The Semi -Slug (Parmarion martensi) can be more semi -slug eggs and Adult semi -slug with resid- heavil infected with thite. young. Eggs are about ual "shell". Adults are heavily we parasite. 2.5 mm in diameter. about 5 cm long. Semi -slugs can climb on structures, e.g. exterior house walls, drain pipes, and water tanks, as well as on fruit trees, e.g. banana, papaya, and avocado. They are found under plastic and in piles of compost, fallen palm leaves, and in other types of rotting organic matter. Manage your growing environment • Reduce number of places where slugs/snails can hide during the day. Check under boards, cardboard, stones, weed cloth, in dense ground co- vers, sheltered areas, soil crevices, and around trunks and weedy areas. • Check and observe mulched areas for slugs/snails. Mulches can provide plenty of hiding spaces. • Remove fallen and rotting fruit so that it does not become free food for slugs and snails. • Don't leave pet dishes outside over night — slugs/snails are attracted to pet food and the rat lungworm parasite they carry can also sicken pets. • Practice good watering techniques — slugs/snails prefer a moist environ- ment and feed at night. Water early in morning to allow water to evapo- rate, and use drip irrigation with water directed toward individual plants. 5/23/2017 Choose Plants and Planting Areas with Care • Grow vegetable gardens and plants slugs and snails like to eat as far away as possible from places where they can hide. • In areas with visible slug and snail activity, plant non -edible plants or select plants they do not prefer. • Slugs and snails tend to not eat plants that are woody, highly scented, and/ or have stiff leaves. These pests may still use these plants to hide in and ALL plants should be checked for presence of slugs and snails. Snails and Slugs like to eat... • Succulent foliage • Seedlings • Basil Beans Broccoli • Cabbage • Dahlia Lettuce • Marigolds • Most leafy greens • Ripening fruit, e.g. strawberry, toma- toes Physically Remove Snails and Slugs • Handpicking and trapping can be very effective at reducing slugs and snails if done thoroughly and on a regular basis. • Draw out snails and slugs by watering area in the late afternoon. • After dark, search for them using a flashlight. • For both handpicking and trapping, place collected snails/slugs in a con- tainer of saline solution, 7 parts water to 1 part salt. Make sure container has a lid. • Let sit in saline solution for minimum of 48 hours to kill both slug/snail and par- asite. Dispose in plastic bag in trash. DO NOT crush or add to compost. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Slugs and snails can potentially be carriers of the rat lungworm parasite so care should be taken when removing them. It is important to never touch slugs, snails, or flatworms with your bare hands. Always pick up these pests by using tongs, chopsticks or even a plastic bag. We encourage you to wear gloves when removing slugs, snails, and flatworms. REFERENCES Hata, T.Y, A. H. Hara, B.K.-S. Hu. 1997. Moll uscicides and mechanical barriers against slugs, Vaginula plebia Fischer and Veronicella cub ensis (Pfeiffer); Crop Protec- tion Vol. 16, No. 6: 501-506. Hara, A.H., Cabral, S.K., Niino-DuPonte, R.Y., Aoki, K.L., Zarders, J. 2013. Slugs: Best management practices. University of Hawai'i at Manoa, CTAHR, Komohana Re- search & Extension Center, Hilo, HI. Hollingsworth, R. G., Howe, K., & Jarvi, S. I. 2013. Control Measures for Slug and Snail Hosts of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, with Special Reference to the Semi - slug Pormorion mortensi. Hawai'i Journal of Medicine & Public Health, 72(6 Suppl 2), 75-80. Flint, M. L. and Wilen, C.A. 2009. Snails and Slugs, Integrated Pest Management for Home Gardeners and Landscape Professionals. University of California, Agricul- ture and Natural Resources, Oakland, CA. Publication 7427. 5/23/2017 2 Set Traps Traps include wooden board, cardboard, folded plastic tarp, beer, and melon rind traps. Traps will only attract slugs and snails within a few feet of trap. Install several traps around garden area. • Beer traps need to be replenished every few days to keep the level deep enough for them to drown. They should have deep, vertical sides to keep slugs and snails from crawling out and a cover to reduce evaporation. • Place traps in early evening and scrape off slugs and snails the following morning. Dispose of properly in container of saline solution. Erect Barriers 9 Barriers can repel slugs and snails but do not kill. They should be used in ad- dition to other control measures to reduce number of slugs/snails in the gar- den. • Copper bands/tape can repel slugs/snails. They should be at least 2 inches wide and must be kept shiny and clean. If burying copper bands they need to be at least 4 inches tall. Bury a portion of band a few inches below the soil to prevent slugs from crawling beneath the barrier. • Barriers of desiccating or other abrasives (diatomaceous earth, egg shells, etc.) heaped in a band 1 inch high and 3 inches wide will deter but lose ef- fectiveness after becoming damp and need to be replenished often. Honolulu Extension Office 1955 East-West Rd. Ag Sci III, Rm. 217, Honolulu, HI 96822 tel: (808)956-7290 uchidar@ctahr.hawaii.edu For more information please contact your nearest UH Cooperative Extension office: Kauai Extension Office State Office Bldg., 3060 Eiwa St., Rm. 210, Lihue, HI 96766 tel: (808)274-3471 Lihue@ctahr.hawaii.edu Komohana Research and Extension Center 875 Komohana St., Hilo, HI 96720 tel: (808)969-8201 komohana@ctahr.hawaii.edu 5/23/2017 3 Kahului Extension Office 310 Kaahumanu Ave., Bldg. 214, Kahului, HI 96732 tel: (808)244-3242 x222 kahului@ctahr.hawaii.edu Molokai Extension Office P.O. Box 394 Hoolehua, HI 96729 tel: (808)567-6929 molokai@ctahr.hawaii.edu V $ F Honolulu Extension Office 1955 East-West Rd. Ag Sci III, Rm. 217, Honolulu, HI 96822 tel: (808)956-7290 uchidar@ctahr.hawaii.edu For more information please contact your nearest UH Cooperative Extension office: Kauai Extension Office State Office Bldg., 3060 Eiwa St., Rm. 210, Lihue, HI 96766 tel: (808)274-3471 Lihue@ctahr.hawaii.edu Komohana Research and Extension Center 875 Komohana St., Hilo, HI 96720 tel: (808)969-8201 komohana@ctahr.hawaii.edu 5/23/2017 3 Kahului Extension Office 310 Kaahumanu Ave., Bldg. 214, Kahului, HI 96732 tel: (808)244-3242 x222 kahului@ctahr.hawaii.edu Molokai Extension Office P.O. Box 394 Hoolehua, HI 96729 tel: (808)567-6929 molokai@ctahr.hawaii.edu Bait • Baiting is most effective when placed late afternoon or evening. • Irrigate or apply water BEFORE applying bait to encourage snail and slug activity. • Place bait in moist and protected locations and in known snail and slug crossings. • Do not pile bait in mounds or clumps, especially more hazardous bait, since it makes more attractive to pets and children. Iron Phosphate and Sodium Ferric EDTA • Causes snails and slugs to stop feeding. Dies 3 to 6 days later. Evidence of death may not be readily visible. • Safe to use around pets, children, fish, birds, beneficial insects, and other wildlife. • Can be used around gardens, ornamen- tals, and fruit trees. • Check product for Organic certification. • Can remain active for up to 2 weeks, even with repeat wettings. Metaldehyde • Dehydrates snails and slugs. Kills within 1 to 3 days. • Poisonous to pets, do not use where children and pets could encounter them. • Avoid getting bait on plants and do not apply to food crops after the edi- ble portion has formed. Mention of a trademark or proprietary name does not constitute an endorsement, guarantee, or warranty by the University of Hawaii Cooperative Extension, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, or Hawaii Department of Agriculture or its employees and does not imply recommendation to the exclu- sion of other suitable products. PESTICIDE PRECAUTIONS Read and follow directions on the manufacturer's label. Check if products are approved for crops and follow rates of application. THE LABEL IS THE LAW! If you have questions about pesticides or repellents, please contact your local Ha- waii Department of Agriculture (HDOA) Pesticides Branch. Contact information can be found at https://hdoa.hawaii.gov/pi/files/2013/01/Pesticide-Branch-Contacts Genera l-10-16.pdf University of Hawaii Cooperative Extension at http://go.hawaii.edu/ihS Other helpful sites: National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC), http://npic.orst.edu/ Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI), https://www.omri.org/ COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I AT MANOA COLLEGE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE AND HUMAN RESOURCES 1955 EAST -WEST ROAD, AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 306, HONOLULU, HAWAI'I 96822 The UH-CTAHR Cooperative Extension and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperate in presenting to the people of Hawai'i programs and services without regard to race, sex, age, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, disability, marital status, arrest and court record, sexual orientation, or veteran status. The 5/23/2017 4 Safe eating is healthy eating !s ..rM�{ ,PF„• .. ,+fit` �ir�� WASH PRODUCE. Rinse and rub all fruits and vegetables thoroughly under running water. Check single leaves of leafy vegetables carefully for tiny slugs and snails. Whether produce is from a farmers' market, pre -washed from a store, or fresh from a garden, rinse it carefully before eating. KILL SLUGS & SNAILS. Apply slug bait according to label directions. Keep pets and children away from the poison. Throw away dead slugs and snails. Do not touch them with your bare hands; use gloves. CONTROL RATS. Use bait and traps to catch rats. Follow label directions. Keep pets and children away from the poison. Put dead rats in a sealed plastic bag and throw away. Keep your property clean to keep rats away. COOK FOOD. Thoroughly cook freshwater prawns, frogs, crayfish, snails, and crabs by boiling them for 3-5 minutes or heating to 165 degrees Fahrenheit for at least 15 seconds. Cooking fruits and vegetables also prevents infection. COVER TANKS & CONTAINERS. Cover and protect your catchment tank. Slugs can crawl up the tank and get into the water. Always cover drink containers to stop slugs and snails from crawling inside. 1. Infected rats pass the worm in their droppings. 2. Slugs and ♦ snails get the worm by eating rat droppings. Freshwater prawns, frogs, crayfish, snails, and crabs get the worm by eating slugs or snails. a 3. People get ♦ sick accidentally by eating tiny slugs or snails on unrinsed, raw produce. People can also get sick from eating undercooked slugs, snails, or freshwater prawns, frogs, crayfish, °r or crabs. Not everyone will have the same symptoms. They usually start 1 to 3 weeks after infection. Illness can last for 2 to 8 weeks or longer. • Severe ongoing headache • Nausea and vomiting • Neck and back stiffness • Tingling or painful skin • Low-grade fever • Although rare, coma and death Children may have behavioral changes such as unusually bad temper, mood changes, or extreme tiredness. See your doctor as soon as possible if you think you may have been infected. For more information call the Disease Reporting Line (808) 586-4586 or visit: www.health.hawaii.gov T'hFNT �C We provide access to our activities without regard to race, color, national origin (including language), age, sex, religion, or disability. Write or call our Affirmative Action Officer at P.O. Box 3378, Honolulu, HI 96801-3378 or at (808) 586-4614 (voice) within 180 days of a problem. Prevent Rat Lungworm Disease A. In the kitchen: WASH your hands with soap and water. CLEAN your kitchen surfaces, cutting boards and utensils. RINSE SEPARATE the leaves and sections. LOOK. (Inspect for slugs and other debris.) RINSE with clean potable (drinkable) water. (Additives don't add any benefit.) LOOK again. (Recheck for what you may have missed.) RINSE. (Rinse again before preparing.) COOK RINSE well. COOK to 165°F for 15 seconds. For more information on Rat Lungworm Disease, see the CTAHR Farm Food Safety website: COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOR s t COI.EFCF OFTROPICIL AGRICUI.TI.IRF AN D H UMAN RFSOURCFS COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I AT MANOA COLLEGE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE AND HUMAN RESOURCES 1955 EAST -WEST ROAD, AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 306, HONOLULU, HAWAI'I 96822 The UH-CTAHR Cooperative Extension and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperate in presenting to the people of H—ai'i programs and services without regard to race, sex, age, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, disability, marital status, arrest and court record, sexual orientation, or veteran status. The University is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. 05/01/17 Safe Produce: KEEP IT CLEAN /SEPARATE` clusters of produce like rapes or roccoli SCRUB thick-skinned produce with a brush RUB waxy -skinned produce under runninl water DRAIN CLEAN and pat -hands dry with -all surfaces a paper -cuttin towel boards DON'T -utensils use soap or bleach on A I, WASH mixed greens with clean water even if you see a "pre -washed", "ready to eat", or "triple washed" label produce/ DISCARD outer leaves of leafy produce and clean each individual leaf RINSE -produce even if the outer skin isn't commonly eaten -fragile berries in a colander Rinse all produce thoroughly before eating! www.ctahr. hawaii.ed u/foodsafety-ces/ COOPERATIVE EM ENSION � DepartmentQHAWAIItl �ofAgriculture s TF -HAWAII FARM BUREAU Rat Lungworm Disease in Hawaii County Jason Dela Cruz, MPH PHP Public Health Educator Hawaii District Health Office Department of Health jason.delacruz@doh.hawaii.gov Office: (808) 974-6010 Angiostrongylus cantonensis/RLW i'', �Ihi�1019"j)I.,�U��y'��d�.uli,�� .11}��11 �( � IIlV4 https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/ongiostrongyliasis/index.html Parasitic nematode Matures in the CNS (central nervous system) Potential short and long-term health effects, especially to CNS Symptoms of infection, when present Severe headache Stiffness of the neck Tingling or painful feelings in the skin or extremities Low-grade fever Nausea Vomiting Also: light sensitivity or temporary paralysis Think you may be sick? See your doctor A Larvae mature, lay eggs, and hatch first -stage B larvae in lungs First -stage larvae passed in faeces Third -stage larvae C Third -stage larva in snails or slugs D Third -stage larvae in land crabs, frogs, freshwater prawns, monitor lizards, and planarians I\ \� QOW E Vegetables contaminated with third -stage larvae M C4 G Larvae reach CNS, cause eosinophilic meningitis Larvae enter bloodstream in intestine N INE S Oahu Molokai y!I 1 Maui Lanai ?" K"—*Hawaii Habitat Suitability -� High: 56.0122 `/o Low: 49.3205 % IF50km Fi,cqire 3.2. Angiostrongyhrs cantonensis habitat suitability and sites at which the parasite was present (red) or absent (yellow). Current DOH activities Epidemiology: Disease Reporting Disease Investigation Diagnostic testing Sanitation: Retail Education and Consumer Complaints Food Establishments Grocery Stores/Distributors Vector Control: Abatement and Case Response Home, Retail and Farm Consultations/Outreach Rats and Snails/Slugs Assessments and Eradication Public Outreach Education in Small and Large Formats Contact for more information Managing Snails, Sluff & Flatworm to Reduce the Risk c Rat Lungwor Infectio Luisa F. Castro, PhD Agricultural Food Safety Program Manager Hawaii Department of Agriculture Parmarion martensi or "semi-. Effective Management for Homeowners Prevent introduction v/ Eliminate desired hiding places v/ Remove by hand v1 Set traps Erect barriers Apply bait RAP &GAP for Produce Growers You're growing someone's next meal. Reassure your buyer and protect your market share by taking these steps to minimize food safety risks in the produce you grow. GOOD: Rat lungworm Awareness and Prevention (RAP) ► Inspect your growing areas for evidence of semi -slugs, slugs, snails, and ► Use approved baits for slugs and snails. ► Inspect storage areas for evidence of rodents and eliminate rodent hal ► Let your buyers know you are working to prevent the spread of rat lung BETTER: Follow Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) on your Farm BEST: Become GAP Certified ► GAP Certification, by an independent third party auditor, shows curreni potential customers that you are actively managing your farm to provic safest food possible. Cooperative Extension Service Hawaii County Target audiences: Commercial growers, agricultural professionals, home gardeners, general public Topics: Managing slugs, snails and flatworms Safe food handling — farm to fork- Julia ork Julia M.K. Zee, MPH, RDN p Extension Agent University of Hawaii at Manoa CTAHR Farm Food Safety �� Cooperative Extension Service Good Agricultural Practices College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources Prevent Rat Lungworm Disease In the kitchen: WASH your hands with soap and water. CLEAN your kitchen surfaces, cutting boards and utensils. RINSE SEPARATE the leaves and sections. LOOK. (Inspect for slugs and other debris.) RINSE with clean potable (drinkable) water. (Additives don't add any benefit.) LOOK again. (Recheck for what you may have missed.) RINSE. (Rnse again before preparing.) COOK RINSE well. COOK to 1 650 for 15 seconds. For more information on Rat Lungworm Disease, see the CTAHR Farm Food Safety website: http://manoa.hawaii.edu/ctahr/farmfoodsafety/rat-lungworm/ EXTENSION o OCOOPERATIVE g UNIVERSITY OF HAWAPI AT MANOA COLLEGE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE AND HUMAN RESOURCES ,•',�s -, j C�Olpeopl�e otSHIE�Na 11 IT O�L�v, gW/+I^ou68rega dnlo ace, A111 -mope al�rvpe Exlensl�on andTllle�ll S cepahmen�o(�H9hure cooperAe n preuni ing sex, age, refglon,color, nallonN ogln, ancesl ry, dlsa�lfly, manlal slAus, arrest and coon recoN, sexuN onenlallon, or velean status. The llnrverslly Is an stoat oppohunlly, a((1rmA Ne acllon Inslllulron. Safe Produce: KEEP IT CLEAN /SEPARATE' clusters of produce like grapes or broccoli SCRUB thick-skinned produce with a brush RUB waxy -skinned produce under running water , DRAIN CLEAN and pat -hands dry with -all surfaces a paper -cuttin towel boardgs DON'T -utensils use soap or bleach on / WASH mixed greens with clean water even if you see a "pre -washed", "ready to eat", or "triple washed" label DISCARD outer leaves of leafy produce and clean each individual leaf RINSE -produce even if the outer skin isn't commonly eaten -fragile berries in a colander Rinse all produce thoroughly before eating! www.ctahr.howaii.edv/foodsafety-ces/ COOPERATIVEEXTFNMON �Mv Department NOW FARAWA 11 M BUREAU COOPERATIVE EXTENSION �! UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA COLLEGE OF TROPICAL AGRICV ITl'Iti NNn HVMAN RESOVRCES Managing SugA Snails, and Flatwormsin the Home Garden to Reduce the Risk of Rat Lungworm Infection ��Qu Cynthia Nazario-Leary, PhD Extension Agent in Urban Horticulture, Department of Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Effective management of slugs, snails, and flatworms utilizes a combination of methods, including elimination of desired hiding places, plant selection, barri- ers and traps, and baiting. None of these should be considered stand alone practices. Know your slugsfrom your snails All slugs, snails, and flatworms (predators of slugs and snails) can be hosts of the Rat Lungworm parasite. The Semi -Slug (Parmarion marfensi) Berri -slug eggs and Adult semi -slug with resid- can be more heaVl infected with the young. Eggs are about ual "she°". Adults are y 2.5 mm in diameter. about 5 cm long. Semi -slugs can climb on structures, e.g. exterior house walls, drain pipes, and water tanks, as well as on fruit trees, e.g. banana, papaya, and avocado. They are found under plastic and in piles of compost, fallen palm leaves, and in other types of rotting organic matter. Manage your growing environment Reduce number of places where slugs/snails can hide during the day. Check under boards, cardboard, stones, weed cloth, in dense ground co- vers, sheltered areas, soil crevices, and around trunks and weedy areas. Check and observe mulched areas for slugs/snails. Mulches can provide plenty of hiding spaces. Remove fallen and rotting fruit so that it does not become free food for slugs and snails. Don't leave pet dishes outside over night — slugs/snails are attracted to pet food and the rat lungworm parasite they carry can also sicken pets. Practice good watering techniques — slugs/snails prefer a moist environ- ment and feed at night. Water early in morning to allow water to evapo- rate, and use drip irrigation with water directed toward individual plants. Ififfam