HomeMy WebLinkAboutChapter 05A Building Code
CHAPTER 5A
BUILDING CODE*
* Editor’s Notes:
1. Pursuant to section 107-28, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes (“HRS”), each County shall amend and adopt the Hawai‘i
State building codes and standards listed in HRS, section 107-25 within two years after adoption by the State
Building Code council. If a County does not amend, adopt, and update a State code within this time frame, the
respective State code shall become applicable as an interim County code.
2. Chapter 5, “building code” was repealed by ordinance 20-61, section 12, and replaced with Chapter 5A.
Article 1. General Provisions.
Section 5A-1-1. Title.
Section 5A-1-2. Purpose.
Section 5A-1-3. Scope; exceptions.
Section 5A-1-4. Administrative provisions.
Section 5A-1-5. Existing buildings.
Section 5A-1-6. Definitions.
Section 5A-1-7. Compliance required.
Section 5A-1-8. Conflict.
Section 5A-1-9. References to model codes.
Article 2. Installation Requirements.
Section 5A-2-1. International building code adopted.
Article 3. Adoption, Amendment, and Addition of Appendices.
Division 1. Appendices of International Building Code Adopted.
Section 5A-3-1. Appendices not applicable.
Section 5A-3-2. Appendices adopted.
Section 5A-3-3. Amendments to Appendix C; Group U – agricultural buildings.
Division 2. Appendices Added to the International Building Code.
Section 5A-3-21. Appendices added to International Building Code.
Section 5A-3-22. Repealed.
Section 5A-3-23. Appendix M; Thatch Material on Exterior of Buildings - Protection
Against Exposure Fires.
Section 5A-3-24. Appendix U; Hawai‘i Hurricane Sheltering Provisions for New
Construction.
Section 5A-3-25. Appendix W; Hawai‘i Wind Design Provisions for New Construction.
Section 5A-3-26. Appendix X; Indigenous Hawaiian Architecture Structures.
Section 5A-3-27. Repealed.
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Article 4. Building Work Within Special Flood Hazard Areas.
Section 5A-4-1. General applicability.
Section 5A-4-2. Definitions.
Section 5A-4-3. General requirements.
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-1-1
CHAPTER 5
BUILDING
(Rep 2020, ord 20-61, sec 12.)
CHAPTER 5A
BUILDING CODE*
* Editor’s Notes:
1. Pursuant to section 107-28, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes (“HRS”), each County shall amend and adopt the Hawai‘i
State building codes and standards listed in HRS, section 107-25 within two years after adoption by the State
Building Code council. If a County does not amend, adopt, and update a State code within this time frame, the
respective State code shall become applicable as an interim County code.
2. Chapter 5, “building code” was repealed by ordinance 20-61, section 12, and replaced with Chapter 5A.
Article 1. General Provisions.
Section 5A-1-1. Title.
This chapter shall be known as the “building code.”
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-1-1
Section 5A-1-2. Purpose.
The purpose of this chapter is to provide minimum standards to safeguard life or
limb, health, property and public welfare by regulating and controlling the design,
construction, quality of materials, use and occupancy, location and maintenance of all
buildings and structures within the County and certain equipment specifically
regulated herein.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-1-2
Section 5A-1-3. Scope; exceptions.
This chapter shall apply to the design, construction, alteration, movement,
enlargement, replacement, repair, equipment, use and occupancy, location, removal and
demolition of buildings or structures or any appurtenances connected or attached to
such buildings or structures.
Exception:
Detached one- and two-family dwellings and multiple single-family dwellings and
townhouses not more than three stories above grade plane in height with a separate
means of egress and their accessory structures not more than three stories above grade
plane in height shall be permitted to comply with the residential building code, chapter
5B, Hawai‘i County Code if provided with debris impact protection in accordance with
Section 1609.2 Protection of Openings. Exception 3 in Section 1609.2 shall not apply.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3; am 2021, ord 21-61, sec 14.) 5A-1-3
Section 5A-1-4. Administrative provisions.
Provisions relating to permitting, enforcement, inspection, and other
administrative procedures pertaining to this chapter are contained in chapter 5, the
construction administrative code.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-1-4
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§ 5A-1-5 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Section 5A-1-5. Existing buildings.
(a) Permitted buildings in existence at the time of the adoption of this chapter may
have their existing permitted use or occupancy continued if such use or occupancy
was legal at the time of the adoption of this chapter, provided such continued use
does not constitute a hazard to the general safety and welfare of the occupants and
the public.
(b) Alteration, repair, addition, and change of occupancy. Alteration, repair, addition,
and change of occupancy to a building or structure in existence at the time of the
adoption of this chapter shall comply with the requirements of chapter 34 of the
International Building Code, relating to existing structures, until the adoption by
the County of the International Existing Building Code.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-1-5
Section 5A-1-6. Definitions.
As used in this chapter, unless it is apparent from the context that a different
meaning is intended:
2
)
“Accessory structure” means a structure not greater than 3,000 square feet (279 m
in floor area, and not over two stories in height, the use of which is customarily
accessory to and incidental to that of the dwelling and which is located on the same lot.
“Agricultural building” means a development, including a nonresidential building
or structure, built for agricultural or aquacultural purposes, located on a commercial
farm or ranch constructed or installed to house farm or ranch implements, agricultural
or aquacultural feeds or supplies, livestock, poultry, or other agricultural or
aquacultural products, used in or necessary for the operation of the farm or ranch, or for
the processing and selling of farm or ranch products. An agricultural building for
personal use shall be excluded from this definition.
“Authority having jurisdiction” means the director of the department of public
works, or the director’s authorized representative.
“Building work” means the design, construction, alteration, relocation,
enlargement, replacement, repair, removal, demolition of any building or structure, or
any other activities regulated by this chapter.
“Chapter” means this chapter.
“This code” means the building code, contained in chapter 5A, or the construction
administrative code, contained in chapter 5, or both, as the context requires.
“Construction code” means collectively: chapter 5, the construction administrative
code; chapter 5A, the building code; chapter 5B, the residential building code; chapter
5C, the existing building code; chapter 5D, the electrical code; chapter 5E, the energy
conservation code; chapter 5F, the plumbing code; and all administrative rules adopted
pursuant to these chapters.
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“Dwelling” means any building that contains one or two dwelling units used,
intended, or designed to be built, used, rented, leased, let or hired out to be occupied, or
that are occupied for living purposes.
“IBC” means the ICC, International Building Code, 2006 Edition, as copyrighted
by the International Code Council, Inc., 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills,
IL, 60478-5795.
“ICC” means the International Code Council.
“Owner-builder” means owners or lessees of property who build or improve
buildings or structures on their property for their own use, or for use by their
immediate family. This definition shall not preempt owner-builder by exemption as
defined by section 444-2.5, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes.
“Permit” means a formal authorization issued by the authority having jurisdiction
that authorizes performance of specified work, pursuant to the construction code,
including the following chapters and all administrative rules adopted pursuant to the
following chapters:
(1) 5, the construction administrative code;
(2) 5A, the building code;
(3) 5B, the residential building code;
(4) 5C, the existing building code;
(5) 5D, the electrical code;
(6) 5E, the energy conservation code; and
(7) 5F, the plumbing code.
“Person” means any individual, firm, partnership, association, or corporation; or its
or their successors or assigns, according to the context thereof.
“Section” means a section of a chapter of the International Building Code.
“Table” means a table in this chapter.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3; am 2021, ord 21-61, secs 15 and 16.) 5A-1-6
Section 5A-1-7. Compliance required.
(a) No person shall perform or cause to be performed any building work which does not
comply with the provisions of this code or any permit issued pursuant to this code.
(b) No person shall perform any work covered by this code in violation of the provisions
of chapters 444 or 448E, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes.
(c) Any approval or permit issued pursuant to the provisions of this code shall comply
with all applicable requirements of this code.
(d) The granting of a permit, variance, or approval of plans or specifications pursuant
to this code does not dispense with the necessity to comply with any applicable law
to which a permit holder may also be subject.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-1-7
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§ 5A-1-8 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Section 5A-1-8. Conflict.
(a) If any provisions of this code conflict with or contravene provisions of the Hawai‘i
State Building Code or the International Building Code that have been
incorporated by reference, the provisions of this code shall prevail as to all matters
and questions arising out of the subject matter of such provisions.
(b) In situations where two or more provisions of this code and any applicable law,
other than those provided for in subsection (a), cover the same subject matter, the
stricter shall be complied with.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-1-8
Section 5A-1-9. References to model codes.
(1) Wherever referenced in this code, the ICC Electrical Code shall mean the
electrical code, chapter 5D, Hawai‘i County Code.
(2) Wherever in this Code reference is made to the International Fuel Gas Code,
the provisions of the International Fuel Gas Code shall be deemed to be only
guidelines and not mandatory.
(3) Wherever in this Code reference is made to the International Mechanical
Code, the provisions of the International Mechanical Code shall be deemed to
be only guidelines and not mandatory.
(4) Wherever referenced in this code, the International Plumbing Code shall mean
the plumbing code, chapter 5F, Hawai‘i County Code.
(5) Wherever in this Code reference is made to the International Property
Maintenance Code, the provisions of the International Property Maintenance
Code shall be deemed to be only guidelines and not mandatory.
(6) Wherever referenced in this code, the International Fire Code shall mean the
fire code, chapter 26, Hawai‘i County Code.
(7) Wherever referenced in this code, the International Energy Conservation
Code, shall mean the energy conservation code, chapter 5E, Hawai‘i County
Code.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-1-9
Article 2. Installation Requirements.
Section 5A-2-1. International building code adopted.
(a) The International Building Code, 2006 Edition as published by the International
Code Council, Incorporated, 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills, IL
60478, including appendices, is incorporated by reference and made a part of this
code, subject to any amendments hereinafter set forth in this chapter.
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-2-1
(b) The scope, technical specifications, and exemptions set forth in the International
Building Code, 2006 Edition, are hereby adopted as the standard for building work
covered by this code, provided there are no specific provisions in any other section
of this code covering the particular matter.
(c) A copy of the International Building Code, 2006 Edition, shall be available for
public inspection at the Hilo and Kailua-Kona offices of the department of public
works and at the office of the County clerk.
(d) The International Building Code, 2006 Edition, adopted and incorporated by
reference into this code, shall be subject to the amendments hereinafter set forth.
(1) Chapter 1, “Administration,” of the International Building Code is deleted in
its entirety.
(2) Section 202 of the International Building Code is amended by adding the
following definitions:
“BUILDING. A building is any structure used or intended for
supporting any use or occupancy. The term shall include but not be
limited to any structure mounted on wheels such as a trailer, wagon
or vehicle which is parked and stationary for any 24-hour period, and
is used for business or living purposes; provided, however, that the
term shall not include a push cart or push wagon which is readily
movable and which does not exceed 25 square feet in area, nor shall
the term include a trailer or vehicle, used exclusively for the purpose
of selling any commercial product therefrom, which hold a vehicle
license and actually travels on public or private streets.”
“BUILDING OFFICIAL is the director of the County department of
public works or the director’s authorized deputy.”
“CARPORT is a private garage which is at least 100 percent open on
one side and with 50 percent net openings on another side or which is
provided with an equivalent of such openings on two or more sides.
A private garage which is 100 percent open on one side and 25
percent open on another side with the latter opening so located to
provide adequate cross ventilation may be considered a carport when
approved by the building official.”
“EXISTING BUILDING is a building for which a legal building permit
has been issued, or one which complied with this Code in effect at the
time the building was erected.”
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
“FAMILY shall be as defined in the Zoning Code except that a
nursing, care home, or other similar facility with not more than five
patients may be considered a family under this code.”
“FIRE CODE. The State Fire Code as adopted by the State Fire
Council.”
(3) Section 308.2 of the International Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“308.2 Group I-1. This occupancy shall include buildings, structures
or parts thereof housing more than 16 persons, on a 24-hour basis,
who because of age, mental disability or other reasons, live in a
supervised residential environment that provides personal care
services in an assisted living facility.
The residents participate in fire drills, are self starting, and may
require some physical assistance from up to one staff to reach a point
of safety in an emergency situation. Facilities with residents who
require assistance by more than one staff member, are not self
starting, who are bedridden beyond 14 days, or require intermittent
nursing care beyond 45 days, shall reside on the first floor in all Type
III, IV, and V construction, or shall be classified as Group I-2.
A facility such as the above with five or fewer persons shall be
classified as a Group R-3 or shall comply with the International
Residential Code in accordance with Section 101.2. A facility such as
above, housing at least six and not more than 16 persons, shall be
classified as Group R-4.”
(4) Section 308.3 of the International Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“308.3 Group I-2. This occupancy shall include buildings and
structures used for personal, medical, surgical, psychiatric, nursing or
custodial care on a 24-hour basis of more than five persons who are
not capable of self-preservation. This group shall include, but not be
limited to, the following:
Hospitals
Nursing homes (both intermediate-care facilities and skilled
nursing facilities)
Mental hospitals
Detoxification facilities
Specialized Alzheimer’s Facilities or areas
Assisted Living Facilities (with residents beyond group I-1
limitations for capability)
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A facility such as the above with five or fewer persons shall be
classified as Group R-3 or shall comply with the International
Residential Code in accordance with Section 101.2.”
(5) Section 310.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“310.1 Residential Group R. Residential Group R includes, among
others, the use of a building or structure, or a portion thereof, for
sleeping purposes when not classified as an Institutional Group I or
when not regulated by the International Residential Code in
accordance with Section 101.2. Residential occupancies shall include
the following:
R-1 Residential occupancies where the occupants are primarily
transient in nature, including:
Boarding houses (transient)
Hotels (transient)
Motels (transient)
R-2 Residential occupancies containing sleeping units or more than
two dwelling units where the occupants are primarily permanent in
nature, and facilities providing personal care services that have
residents that are capable of self evacuation in an emergency
situation, including:
Apartment houses
Boarding houses (not transient)
Convents
Dormitories
Facilities providing personal care services (with residents that are
capable of self evacuation)
Fraternities and sororities
Hotels (nontransient)
Monasteries
Motels (nontransient)
Vacation timeshare properties
Facilities providing personal care services with 16 or fewer occupants
are permitted to comply with the construction requirements for
Group R-3.
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
R-3 Residential occupancies where the occupants are primarily
permanent in nature and not classified as Group R-1, R-2, R-4 or
I including:
Buildings that do not contain more than two dwelling units.
Adult facilities that provide accommodations for five or fewer
persons of any age for less than 24 hours.
Child care facilities that provide accommodations for five or fewer
persons of any age for less than 24 hours.
Congregate living facilities with 16 or fewer persons.
Adult and child care facilities that are within a single-family home are
permitted to comply with the International Residential Code in
accordance with Section 101.2.
R-4 Residential occupancies shall include buildings arranged for
occupancy as assisted living facilities including more than five but not
more than 16 occupants, excluding staff. Residents shall meet the
ability to evacuate requirements and other limitations as required in
Group I-1.
Group R-4 occupancies shall meet the requirements for construction
as defined for Group R-3, except as otherwise provided for in this code,
or shall comply with the International Residential Code.”
(6) The definition of “Personal Care Service” in Section 310.2 of the International
Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“PERSONAL CARE SERVICE. The care of residents who do not
require chronic or convalescent, health, medical or nursing care.
Personal care involves responsibility for the safety of the resident
while inside the building. The types of facilities providing personal
care services shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
assisted living facilities, residential care facilities, halfway houses,
group homes, congregate care facilities, social rehabilitation facilities,
alcohol and drug abuse centers and convalescent facilities.”
(7) The definition of “Residential Care/Assisted Living Facilities” in Section 310.2
of the International Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES. A building or part thereof housing
persons, on a 24-hour basis, who because of age, mental disability or
other reasons, live in a supervised residential environment which
provides personal care services and are licensed by the State.”
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(8) Section 310.3 of the International Building Code is added as an interim
provision until the International Residential Codes are adopted, to read
as follows:
“310.3.1 Dwellings and lodging houses. Congregate residences
(each accommodating 10 persons or less).
310.3.2 Construction, height and allowable area. Buildings or
parts of building classed Group R because of the use or character of
the occupancy shall be limited to the types of construction set forth in
Table 503 and shall not exceed allowable height as allowed by
the IBC.
310.3.3 Location on property. For fire-resistive protection of
exterior walls and openings, as determined by location on property,
see Section 503, Section 601, Section 704, Section 705 and Section 715
of the IBC.
310.3.4 Access and exit facilities and emergency escapes. Exits
shall be provided as specified in Chapter 10.
Access to, and egress from, buildings required to be accessible shall be
provided as specified in Chapter 11.
Basements in dwelling units and every sleeping room below the fourth
story shall have at least one operable window or door approved for
emergency escape or rescue which shall open directly into a public
street, public alley, yard or exit court. The units shall be operable
from the inside to provide a full clear opening without the use of
separate tools.
All escape or rescue windows shall have a minimum net clear
openable area of 5.7 square feet. The minimum net clear openable
height dimension shall be 24 inches. The minimum net clear openable
width dimension shall be 20 inches. When windows are provided as a
means of escape or rescue they shall have a finished sill height of not
more than 44 inches above the floor.
Bars, grilles, grates or similar devices may be installed on emergency
escape or rescue windows or doors, provided:
(1) The devices are equipped with approved released
mechanisms which are openable from the inside without the
use of a key or special knowledge or effort; and
(2) The building is equipped with smoke detectors installed in
accordance with Section 310.3.10.
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Exceptions:
(1) Glass jalousie blade windows and fixed glass may be used for
emergency escape or rescue.
(2) Escape or rescue windows in Group R, Division 1 Occupancies
opening into an exterior exit balcony serving more than two
dwelling units or hotel guest rooms shall have a finished sill
height not more than 68 inches above the floor.
310.3.5 Light, ventilation and sanitation.
(a) General. For the purpose of determining the light or ventilation
required by this section, any room may be considered as a portion
of an adjoining room when half of the area of the common wall is
open and unobstructed and provides an opening of not less than
one tenth of the floor area of the interior room or 25 square feet,
whichever is greater.
Exterior openings for natural light or ventilation required by this
section shall open directly onto a public way or a yard or court
located on the same lot as the building.
Exceptions:
(1) Required windows may open into a roofed porch where
the porch:
(A) Abuts a public way, yard or court; and
(B) Has a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet; and
(C) Has a longer side at least 65 percent open and
unobstructed.
(2) Skylights.
(b) Light. Guest rooms and habitable rooms within a dwelling unit
or congregate residence shall be provided with natural light by
means of exterior glazed opening with an area not less than one
tenth of the floor area of such rooms with a minimum of 5
square feet.
(c) Ventilation. Guest rooms and habitable rooms within a dwelling
unit or congregate residence shall be provided with natural
ventilation by means of an openable exterior opening with an area
of not less than one twentieth of the floor area of such rooms with
a minimum of 5 square feet.
In lieu of required exterior opening for natural ventilation, a
mechanical ventilating system may be provided. Such system
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shall be capable of providing two air changes per hour in all guest
rooms, dormitories, habitable rooms and in public corridors. One
fifth of the air supply shall be taken from the outside.
Bathrooms, water closet compartments, laundry rooms and
similar rooms shall be provided with natural ventilation by means
of openable exterior openings with an area not less than one
twentieth of the floor area of such rooms with a minimum of 1½
square feet.
In lieu of required exterior openings for natural ventilation in
bathrooms containing a bathtub or shower or combination thereof,
laundry rooms and similar rooms, a mechanical ventilation
system connected directly to the outside capable of providing five
air changes per hour shall be provided. The point of discharge of
exhaust air shall be at least 3 feet from any opening into the
building. Bathrooms which contain only a water closet or
lavatory or combination thereof, and similar rooms may be
ventilated with an approved mechanical recirculating fan or
similar device designed to remove odors from the air.
(d) Sanitation. Every building shall be provided with at least one
water closet. Hotels or subdivisions thereof where both sexes are
accommodated shall contain at least two separate toilet facilities
which are conspicuously identified for male or female use, each of
which contains at least one water closet. The water closet stool
shall be located in a clear space not less than 30 inches in width.
The clear space in front of the water closet stool shall not be less
than 24 inches.
Dwellings shall be provided with a kitchen equipped with a
kitchen sink. Dwelling units, congregate residences and lodging
houses shall be provided with a bathroom equipped with facilities
consisting of a water closet, lavatory and either a bathtub or
shower. Each sink, lavatory and either a bathtub or shower shall
be equipped with hot and cold running water necessary for its
normal operation.
No dwelling or dwelling unit containing two or more guests rooms
shall have room arrangements such that access to a bathroom or
water closet compartment intended for use by occupants of more
than one sleeping room can be had only by going through another
sleeping room, nor shall room arrangements be such that access
to a sleeping room can be had only by going through another
sleeping room or a bathroom or water closet compartment.
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
310.3.6 Yards and courts.
(a) Scope. This section shall apply to yards and courts having
required windows opening therein.
(b) Yards. Yards shall not be less than 3 feet in width for one-story
and two-story buildings. For buildings more than two stories in
height, the minimum width of the yard shall be increased at the
rate of 1 foot for each additional story. For buildings exceeding 14
stories in height, the required width of the yard shall be computed
on the basis of 14 stories.
(c) Courts shall not be less than 3 feet in width. Courts having
windows opening on opposite sides shall not be less than 6 feet in
width. Courts bounded on three or more sides by the walls of the
building shall not be less than 10 feet in length unless bounded on
one end by a public way or yard. For buildings more than two
stories in height, the court shall be increased 1 foot in width and 2
feet in length for each additional story. For buildings exceeding
14 stories in height, the required dimensions shall be computed
on the basis of 14 stories.
Adequate access shall be provided to the bottom of all courts for
cleaning purposes. Every court more than two stories in height
shall be provided with a horizontal air intake at the bottom not
less than 10 square feet in area and leading to the exterior of the
building unless abutting a yard or public way. The construction
of the air intake shall be as required for the court walls of the
building, but in no case shall be less than one-hour fire resistive.
310.3.7 Room dimensions.
(a) Ceiling heights. Habitable space shall have a ceiling height of
not less than 7 feet 6 inches except as otherwise permitted in this
section. Kitchens, halls, bathrooms and toilet compartments may
have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet measured to the
lowest projection from the ceiling. Where exposed beam ceiling
members are spaced at less than 48 inches on center, ceiling
height shall be measured to the bottom of these members. Where
exposed beam ceiling members are spaced at 48 inches or more on
center, ceiling height shall be measured to the bottom of the deck
supported by these members, provided that the bottom of the
members is not less than 7 feet above the floor.
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If any room in a building has a sloping ceiling, the prescribed
ceiling height for the room is required in only one half the area
thereof. No portion of the room measuring less than 5 feet from
the finished floor to the finished ceiling shall be included in any
computation of the minimum area thereof.
If any room has a furred ceiling, the prescribed ceiling height is
required in two thirds the area thereof, but in no case shall the
height of the furred ceiling be less than 7 feet.
(b) Floor area. Dwelling units and congregate residences shall have
at least one room which shall have not less than 120 square feet
of floor area. Other habitable rooms except kitchens shall have an
area of not less than 70 square feet. Efficiency dwelling units
shall comply with the requirements of Section 310.3.8.
(c) Width. Habitable rooms other than kitchen shall not be less than
7 feet in any dimension.
310.3.8 Efficiency dwellings units. An efficiency dwelling unit
shall conform to the requirements of the code except as herein
provided:
(1) The unit shall have a living room of not less than 220 square
feet of superficial floor area. An additional 100 square feet of
superficial floor area shall be provided for each occupant of
such unit in excess of two.
(2) The unit shall be provided with a separate closet.
(3) The unit shall be provided with a kitchen sink, cooking
appliance and refrigeration facilities, each having a clear
working space of not less than 30 inches in front. Light and
ventilation conforming to this code shall be provided.
(4) The unit shall be provided with a separate bathroom
containing a water closet, lavatory and bathtub or shower.
310.3.9 Shaft and exit enclosures. Exits shall be enclosed as
specified in Section 1020. Elevator shafts, vent shafts, dumbwaiter
shafts, clothes chutes and other vertical openings shall be enclosed
and the enclosure shall be as specified in Section 707.
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
310.3.10 Smoke detectors.
(a) General. Dwelling units, congregate residences and hotel or
lodging house guest rooms that are used for sleeping purposes
shall be provided with smoke detectors. Detectors shall be
installed in accordance with the approved manufacturer’s
instructions.
(b) Additions, alterations or repairs to Group R Occupancies.
When the valuation of an addition, alteration or repair to a Group
R Occupancy sleeping room exceeds $1,000 and a permit is
required, or when one or more sleeping rooms are added or
created in existing Group R Occupancies, smoke detectors shall be
installed in accordance with subsections (c), (d), and (e) of this
section.
(c) Power source. In new construction, required smoke detectors
shall receive their primary power from the building wiring when
such wiring is served from a commercial source and shall be
equipped with a battery backup. The detector shall emit a signal
when the batteries are low. Wiring shall be permanent and
without a disconnecting switch other than those required for
overcurrent protection. Smoke detectors may be solely battery
operated when installed in existing buildings; or in buildings
without commercial power; or in buildings which undergo
alterations, repairs or additions regulated by subsection (b) of this
section.
(d) Location within dwelling units. In dwelling units, a detector
shall be installed in each sleeping room and at a point centrally
located in the corridor or area giving access to each separate
sleeping area. When the dwelling unit has more than one story
and in dwellings with basements, a detector shall be installed on
each story and in the basement. In dwelling units where a story
or basement split into two or more levels, the smoke detector shall
be installed on the upper level, except that when the lower level
contains a sleeping area, a detector shall be installed on each
level. When sleeping rooms are on an upper level, the detector
shall be placed at the ceiling of the upper level in close proximity
to the stairway. In dwellings units where the ceiling height of a
room open to the hallway serving the bedrooms exceeds that of
the hallway by 24 inches or more, smoke detectors shall be
installed in the hallway and in the adjacent room. Detectors shall
sound an alarm audible in all sleeping areas of the dwelling unit
in which they are located.
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-2-1
(e) Location in efficiency dwelling units, congregate
residences and hotels. In efficiency dwelling units, hotel suites
and in hotel and congregate residences sleeping rooms, detectors
shall be located on the ceiling or wall of the main room or each
sleeping room. When sleeping rooms within an efficiency
dwelling unit or hotel suite are on an upper level, the detector
shall be placed at the ceiling of the upper level in close proximity
to the stairway. When actuated, the detector shall sound an
alarm audible within the sleeping area of the dwelling unit, hotel
suite or sleeping room in which it is located.
310.3.11 Fire alarm systems. Fire alarm systems shall comply with
the Fire Code and be approved by the fire chief.
310.3.12 Cooking unit clearance.
(a) Minimum vertical clearance. There shall be a minimum
vertical clearance of not less than 30 inches between the cooking
top of domestic oil, gas, and electric ranges and the underside of
unprotected combustible material above such ranges. When the
underside of such combustible material is protected with
insulated millboard of at least ¼ inch thick covered with sheet
metal of not less than 0.021 inch thick (No 28 U.S. gauge) or a
metal ventilating hood, the distance shall be not less than 24
inches.
(b) Minimum horizontal clearance. The minimum horizontal
clearance from edge of the burner head(s) of top (or surface)
cooking unit to combustible walls extending above the cooking
surface shall be not less than 12 inches.
Exception: Walls of combustible materials to be installed within
12 inches of a cooking unit shall be provided with protection
equivalent to ½-inch gypsum wallboard covered with laminated
plastic. The height of the laminated plastic shall be 12 inch
minimum.
(c) Alternate materials. Where alternate materials other than as
specified in subsections (a) and (b) are used as approved by the
building official, the surface of such material shall have a smooth
nonabsorbent finish.”
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
(9) Section 403.8 of the International Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“403.8 Fire command station. Fire command stations shall comply
with the Fire Code and be approved by the fire chief.”
(10) Section 419.4 of the International Building Code is added to read as follows:
“419.4 Group I-1 assisted living facilities. Group I-1 Assisted
Living Facilities shall comply with the provisions of Sections 419.4.1
and 419.4.2.
419.4.1 Building story limitations. Buildings shall not exceed one
story in Type VB construction, two stories in Types IIB, III, IV, and
VA construction, and three stories in Type IIA construction, including
any allowable automatic sprinkler increases. Other construction type
limitations on stories shall be limited by the provisions of Chapter 5.
4.19.4.2 Group I-1 smoke barriers. Group I-1 occupancies shall be
provided with at least one smoke barrier in accordance with Section
709. Smoke barriers shall subdivide every story used by residents for
sleeping or treatment into at least two smoke compartments. Each
compartment shall have not more than 16 sleeping rooms, and the
travel distance from any point in a smoke compartment to a smoke
barrier door shall not exceed 150 feet (45,720 mm). At least 10 square
2
feet (0.93 m) of refuge area per resident shall be provided within the
aggregate area of corridors, treatment rooms, or other low hazard
common space rooms on each side of each smoke barrier.”
(11) Section 903.2.5 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“903.2.5 Group I. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided
throughout buildings with Group I fire area.”
(12) Section 903.2.7 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“903.2.7 Group R. An automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with Section 903.3 shall be provided throughout all
buildings with a Group R fire area.
Exception: R-3 residential occupancies.”
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-2-1
(13) Section 911.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“911.1 Features. Where required by other sections of this code, a fire
command center for fire department operations shall be provided and
shall comply with the Fire Code and be approved by the fire chief.”
(14) Section 1008.2 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“1008.2 Gates. Gates serving the means of egress system shall
comply with the requirements of this section. Gates used as a
component in a means of egress shall conform to the applicable
requirements for doors.
Exceptions:
(1) Horizontal sliding or swinging gates exceeding the 4-foot
(1219 mm) maximum leaf width limitation are permitted in
fences and walls surrounding a stadium.
(2) Security gates may be permitted across corridors or
passageways in school buildings if there is a readily visible
durable sign on or adjacent to the gate, stating ‘THIS GATE
IS TO REMAIN SECURED IN THE OPEN POSITION
WHENEVER THIS BUILDING IS IN USE’. The sign shall be
in letters not less than one inch high on a contrasting
background. The use of this exception may be revoked by the
building official for due cause.”
(15) Chapter 11 of the International Building Code is deleted in its entirety and
replaced with the following:
“Chapter 11 - Accessibility
1101 Scope. Buildings or portions of buildings shall be accessible to
persons with disabilities in accordance with the following regulations:
(1) For construction of buildings or facilities of the State and
County Governments, compliance with section 103-50,
Hawai‘i Revised Statutes, administered by the Disability and
Communication Access Board, State of Hawai‘i.
(2) Americans with Disabilities Act, administered and enforced
by the U.S. Department of Justice.
(3) Fair Housing Act, administered and enforced by the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development.
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
(4) Other pertinent laws relating to disabilities shall be
administered and enforced by agencies responsible for their
enforcement.
Prior to the issuance of a building permit, the owner (or the owner’s
representative, professional architect, or engineer) shall submit a
statement that all requirements, relating to accessibility for persons
with disabilities, shall be complied with.”
(16) Section 1203.2.2 of the International Building Code is added to read as follows:
“1203.2.2 Unvented attic spaces. The attic space shall be permitted
to be unvented when the design professional determines it would be
beneficial to eliminate ventilation openings to reduce salt-laden air
and maintain relative humidity 60 percent or lower to:
(1) Avoid corrosion to steel components,
(2) Avoid moisture condensation in the attic space, or
(3) Minimize energy consumption for air conditioning or
ventilation by maintaining satisfactory space conditions in
both the attic and occupied space below.”
(17) Section 1603.3 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“1603.3 Live loads posted. Where the live loads for which each floor
or portion thereof of a commercial or industrial building is or has been
2
designed to exceed 100 psf (4.80 kN/m), such design live loads shall
be conspicuously posted by the owner in that part of each story in
which they apply, using durable signs. It shall be unlawful to remove
or deface such notices.”
(18) Section 1611.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“1611.1 Design rain loads. Each portion of a roof shall be designed
to sustain the load of rainwater that will accumulate on it if the
primary drainage system for that portion is blocked plus the uniform
load caused by water that rises above the inlet of the secondary
drainage system at its design flow. The design rainfall rate shall be
based on the 100-year 1-hour rainfall rate indicated in Figure 1611.1
as published by the National Weather Service or on other rainfall
rates determined from approved local weather data.”
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-2-1
(19) Table 1613.5.6(1) in the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
TABLE 1613.5.6(1)
SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY BASED ON
SHORT-PERIOD RESPONSE ACCELERATIONS
Occupancy Category
VALUE OF S
DS
I or II III IV
S< 0.167gA AA
DS
< 0.33g B BC
DS
< 0.50gC CD
DS
< 0.60g C D D
DS
DD D
DS
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
(20) Table 1613.5.6(2) in the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
TABLE 1613.5.6(2)
SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY BASED ON
1-SECOND PERIOD RESPONSE ACCELERATION
Occupancy Category
VALUE OF S
DI
I or IIIIIIV
S < 0.067gAA A
DI
< 0.133g BB C
DI
< 0.20g CC D
DI
< 0.25g CDD
DI
D DD
DI
(21) The definition of “Structural Observation” in Section 1702 of the International
Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“STRUCTURAL OBSERVATION. Structural Observation defined in
accordance with Hawai‘i Administrative Rules of the Department of
Commerce and Consumer Affairs, Title 16, Chapter 115,
implementing Hawai‘i Revised Statutes chapter 464. Structural
observation does not include or waive the responsibility for the
inspection required by Section 109, 1704 or other sections of this
code.”
(22) Section 1704.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“1704.1 General. Where application is made for construction as
described in this section, the owner or the registered design
professional in responsible charge acting as the owner’s agent shall
employ one or more special inspectors to provide inspections during
construction on the types of work listed under Sections 1704 and 1707.
The special inspector shall be a qualified person who shall
demonstrate competence, to the satisfaction of the building official, for
inspection of the particular type of construction or operation requiring
special inspection. These inspections are in addition to the inspections
specified in Section 109.
Exceptions:
(1) Special inspections are not required for work of a minor
nature or as warranted by conditions in the jurisdiction as
approved by the building official.
SUPP. 9 (1-2021)
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-2-1
(2) Special inspections are not required for building components
unless the design involves the practice of professional
engineering or architecture as defined by applicable state
statutes and regulations governing the professional
registration and certification of engineers or architects.
(3) Unless otherwise required by the building official, special
inspections are not required for occupancies in Group R-3 as
applicable in Section 101.2 and occupancies in Group U that
are accessory to a residential occupancy including, but not
limited to, those listed in Section 312.1.”
(23) Section 1704.1.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“1704.1.1 Statement of special inspections. The construction
drawings shall include a complete list of special inspections required
by this section.”
(24) Section 1704.1.2 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“1704.1.2 Report requirement. Special inspectors shall keep
records of inspections. The special inspector shall furnish inspection
reports to the owner, and licensed engineer or architect of record.
Reports shall indicate that work inspected was done in conformance to
approved construction documents. Discrepancies shall be brought to
the immediate attention of the contractor for correction, then, if
uncorrected, to the licensed engineer or architect of record and to the
building official. The special inspector shall submit a final signed
report to the owner and licensed engineer or architect of record,
stating whether the work requiring special inspection was, to the best
of the inspector’s knowledge, in conformance to the approved plans
and specifications and the applicable workmanship provisions of this
code. Prior to the final inspection required under Section 109.3.10, the
licensed engineer or architect of record shall submit a written
statement verifying receipt of the final special inspection reports and
documenting that there are no known unresolved code requirements
that create significant public safety deficiencies.”
(25) Section 1705 of the International Building Code is deleted in its entirety.
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
(26) Section 1709 of the International Building Code is amended to read as follows:
“1709 Structural observations. Structural observations shall be
performed in accordance with Hawai‘i Revised Statutes, chapter 464,
section 5, administered and enforced by the department of commerce
and consumer affairs.”
(27) Section 1808.2.7 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“1808.2.7 Splices. Splices shall be constructed so as to provide and
maintain true alignment and position of the component parts of the
pier or pile during installation and subsequent thereto and shall be of
adequate strength to transmit the vertical and lateral loads and
moments occurring at the location of the splice during driving and
under service loading. Splices occurring in the upper 10 feet (3048
mm) of the embedded portion of the pier or pile shall be capable of
resisting at allowable working stresses the moment and shear that
would result from an assumed eccentricity of the pier or pile load of 3
inches (76 mm), or the pier or pile shall be braced in accordance with
Section 1808.2.5 to other piers or piles that do not have splices in the
upper 10 feet (3048 mm) of embedment.”
(28) Section 2104.1.9 of the International Building Code is added to read as follows:
“2104.1.9 Cleanouts. Cleanouts shall be provided for all grout pours
over 5 feet 4 inches in height. Special provisions shall be made to keep
the bottom and sides of the grout spaces, as well as the minimum total
clear area required by ACI 530.1-05/ASCE 6-05/TMS 602-05 clean and
clear prior to grouting.
Exception: Cleanouts are not required for grout pours 8 feet or less
in height providing all of the following conditions are met:
(1) The hollow masonry unit is 8-inch nominal width or greater
with specified compressive strength fless than or equal to
m
1,500 psi;
(2) Fine grout is used complying with ASTM C-476 minimum
compressive strength of 2,500 psi; and
(3) Special Inspection is provided.”
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-2-1
(29) Section 2303.1.8 of the International Building Code is repealed and replaced in
its entirety to read as follows:
“2303.1.8 Preservative-treated wood. Structural lumber, including
plywood, posts, beams, rafters, joists, trusses, studs, plates, sills,
sleepers, roof and floor sheathing, flooring and headers of new wood-
frame buildings and additions shall be:
(1) Treated in accordance with AWPA Standard U1 (UC1 thru
UC4B) for AWPA Standardized Preservatives, all marked or
branded and monitored by an approving agency. Incising is
not required, providing that the retention and penetration
requirements of these standards are met.
(2) For SBX disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT), retention
shall be not less than 0.28 pcf BO(0.42 pcf DOT) for
23
exposure to Formosan termites. All such lumber shall be
protected from direct weather exposure as directed in AWPA
UC1 and UC2.
(3) For structural glued-laminated members made up of
dimensional lumber, engineered wood products, or structural
composite lumber, pressure treated in accordance with AWPA
U1 (UC1 thru UC4B) or by Light Oil Solvent Preservative
(LOSP) treatment standard as approved by the building
official. Water based treatment processes as listed in
paragraphs 1 and 2 are not allowed to be used on these
products unless specified by a structural engineer for use
with reduced load values and permitted by the product
manufacturer.
(4) For structural composite wood products, treated by non-
pressure processes in accordance with AWPA Standard U1
(UC1, UC2 and UC3A) or approved by the building official.
2303.1.8.1 Treatment. Wood treatment shall include the following:
(1) A quality control and inspection program which meets or
exceeds the current requirements of AWPA Standards M2-01
and M3-03;
(2) Inspection and testing for the treatment standards as
adopted by this code shall be by an independent agency
approved by the building official, accredited by the American
Lumber Standards Committee (ALSC) and contracted by the
treating company;
(3) Field protection of all cut surfaces with a preservative, which
shall be applied in accordance with AWPA Standard M-4-02
or in accordance with the approved preservative
manufacturer’s ICC-Evaluation Services report requirements.
SUPP. 9 (1-2021)
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
2303.1.8.2 Labeling. Labeling shall be applied to all structural
lumber 2 inches or greater nominal thickness, with the following
information provided on each piece as a permanent ink stamp on one
face or on a durable tag permanently fastened to ends with the
following information:
(1) Name of treating facility;
(2) Type of preservative;
(3) AWPA use category;
(4) Quality mark of third party inspection agency;
(5) Retention minimum requirements; and
(6) Year of treatment.
All lumber less than 2 inches in nominal thickness, shall be identified
per bundle by means of a label consisting of the above requirements.
Labels measuring no less than 6 inches by 8 inches shall be placed on
the lower left corner of the strapped bundle.
2303.1.8.3 Moisture content of treated wood. When wood
pressure treated with a water-borne preservative is used in enclosed
locations where drying in service cannot readily occur, such wood shall
be at a moisture content of 19 percent or less before being covered
with insulation, interior wall finish, floor covering or other material.”
(30) Section 2304.9.5 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“2304.9.5 Fasteners in non-borate-preservative-treated and
fire-retardant-treated wood. Fasteners for preservative-treated
and fire-retardant-treated wood, other than Borate (SBX, ZB) or LSOP
treatments as approved in Section 2303.1.8 Preservative-Treated
Wood, shall be of hot dipped zinc-coated galvanized steel, stainless
steel, silicone bronze or copper. The coating weights for zinc-coated
fasteners shall be in accordance with ASTM A 153.
Exception: Fasteners other than nails, timber rivets, wood screws
and lag screws shall be permitted to be of mechanically deposited zinc-
coated steel with coating weights in accordance with ASTM B 695,
Class 55 minimum.
Fastenings for wood foundations shall be as required in AF&PA
Technical Report No. 7.”
SUPP. 9 (1-2021)
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-2-1
(31) Section 2304.11 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“2304.11 Protection against decay and termites.
2304.11.1 General. Where required by this section, protection from
decay and termites shall be provided by the use of naturally durable
or preservative-treated wood.
2304.11.2 Wood used above ground. Structural lumber installed
above ground shall be preservative-treated wood in accordance with
Section 2303.1.8.
2304.11.2.1 Soil treatment and termite barriers. Where
structural lumber of wood frame buildings or structures are supported
directly on the ground by a concrete slab, or concrete and/or masonry
foundation Formosan subterranean termite protection shall be
provided by either chemically treating the soil beneath and adjacent to
the building or structure by a Hawai‘i licensed pest control operator,
or stainless steel termite barrier, or other termite protection measures
approved by the Building Official.
All soil treatment, stainless steel termite barrier, and termite
protection measures shall be installed according to manufacturer’s
recommendations for control of Formosan subterranean termites.
2304.11.3 Wood in ground contact. Wood supporting permanent
buildings and structures, which is in direct soil contact or is embedded
in concrete or masonry in direct contact with earth shall be treated to
the appropriate commodity specification of AWPA Standard U1.
Wood in direct soil contact but not supporting any permanent
buildings or structures shall be treated to the appropriate commodity
specification of AWPA Standard U1 for ground contact.
2304.11.4 Retaining walls. Wood in retaining or crib wall shall be
treated to AWPA Standard U1.
2304.11.5 Wood and earth separation. Where wood is used with
less than 6-inch vertical separation from earth (finish grade), it shall
be treated for ground-contact use.
SUPP. 9 (1-2021)
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Where planter boxes are installed adjacent to wood frame walls, a 2-
inch-wide (51 mm) air space shall be provided between the planter
and the wall. Flashings shall be installed when the air space is less
than 6 inches (152 mm) in width. Where flashing is used, provisions
shall be made to permit circulation of air in the air space. The wood-
frame wall shall be provided with an exterior wall covering conforming
to the provisions of Section 2304.6.
2304.11.6 Under-floor clearance for access and inspection.
Minimum clearance between the bottom of floor joists or bottom of
floors without joists and the ground beneath shall be 24 inches; the
minimum clearance between the bottom of girders and the ground
beneath shall be 18 inches.
Exception: Open slat wood decks shall have ground clearance of at
least 6 inches for any wood member.
Accessible under-floor areas shall be provided with a minimum 18
inch-by 24 inch access opening, effectively screened or covered. Pipes,
ducts and other construction shall not interfere with the accessibility
to or within under-floor areas.
2304.11.7 Wood used in retaining walls and cribs. Wood installed
in retaining or crib walls shall be preservative treated in accordance
with AWPA U1 (Commodity Specifications A or F) for soil and fresh
water use.
2304.11.8 Weather exposure. All portions of timbers (over 5-inch
nominal width) and glued-laminated timbers that form structural
supports of a building or other structure shall be protected by a roof,
eave, overhangs, flashings, or similar coverings.
All wood or wood composite panels, in weather-exposed applications,
shall be of exterior type.
2304.11.9 Water splash. Where wood-frame walls and partitions are
covered on the interior with plaster, tile or similar materials and are
subject to water splash, the framing shall be protected with approved
waterproof paper conforming to section 1404.2.
2304.11.10 Pipe and other penetrations. Insulations around
plumbing pipes shall not pass through ground floor slabs. Openings
around pipes or similar penetrations in a concrete or masonry slab,
which is in direct contact with earth, shall be filled with non-shrink
grout, BTB, or other approved physical barrier.”
SUPP. 9 (1-2021)
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-2-1
(32) Section 2308.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“2308.1 General. The requirements of this section are intended for
conventional light-frame construction. Other methods are permitted to
be used, provided a satisfactory design is submitted showing
compliance with other provisions of this code. Interior nonload-bearing
partitions, ceilings and curtain walls of conventional light-frame
construction are not subject to the limitations of this section.
Alternatively, compliance with AF&PA WFCM shall be permitted
subject to the limitations therein and the limitations of this code.”
(33) Section 2701.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“2701.1 Scope. This chapter governs the electrical components,
equipment and systems used in buildings and structures covered by
this code. Electrical components, equipment and systems shall be
designed and constructed in accordance with the provisions of the
National Electrical Code, NFPA 70.”
(34) Section 2901.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“2901.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter and the Uniform
Plumbing Code shall govern the erection, installation, alteration,
repairs, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of
plumbing equipment and systems. Plumbing systems and equipment
shall be constructed, installed and maintained in accordance with the
Uniform Plumbing Code and adopted amendments. Private sewage
disposal systems shall conform to the International Private Sewage
Disposal Code.”
(35) Section 3001.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“3001.1 Scope. This chapter shall be a guideline and governs the
design, construction, installation, alteration and repair of elevators
and conveying systems and their components. If this chapter conflicts
with another applicable law of the jurisdiction, then said applicable
law shall prevail over this chapter.”
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§ 5A-2-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
(36) Section 3109.3 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“3109.3 Public swimming pools. Public swimming pools shall be
completely enclosed by a fence at least 4 feet (1219 mm) in height or a
screen enclosure. Openings in the fence shall not permit the passage
of a 4-inch-diameter (102 mm) sphere. The fence or screen enclosure
shall be equipped with self-closing and self-latching gates.
Exception: Swimming, dipping, or wading pools located on the
premises of a hotel are not required to be enclosed.”
(37) Section 3405.1 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“3405.1 Conformance. The installation or replacement of glass shall
be as required by Chapter 24 for new installations.”
(38) Section 3410.3.2 of the International Building Code is amended to read as
follows:
“3410.3.2 Compliance with other codes. Buildings that are
evaluated in accordance with this section shall comply with the State
Fire Code.”
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-2-1
Article 3. Adoption, Amendment, and Addition of Appendices.
Division 1. Appendices of International Building Code Adopted.
Section 5A-3-1. Appendices not applicable.
Provisions in the appendices of the International Building Code, 2006 Edition, shall
not apply unless specifically adopted.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-3-1
Section 5A-3-2. Appendices adopted.
The following appendices of the IBC are hereby adopted and incorporated by
reference herein and made a part of this code, subject to the amendments hereinafter
set forth in this article:
(1) Appendix C, Group U-Agricultural Buildings; and
(2) Appendix I, Patio Covers.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-3-2
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-3-3
Section 5A-3-3. Amendments to Appendix C; Group U – agricultural
buildings.
Section C101, General, is amended by adding the following:
“C101.2 Horticulture buildings. Buildings and structures of Group
U Occupancy for horticultural use with covering of wire screen,
cheesecloth, or non-rigid plastic sheets are not required to conform to
the requirements of Chapters 4-9, 11-26, 28, 30, 31, 34 and 35 of this
code when located in areas zoned for agricultural use and not part of
any other structure.
C101.3 Fences.
C101.3.1 General. Fences shall be constructed in accordance with
this code and all applicable County and State regulations.
C101.3.2 Barbed or razor wire fences. Barbed or razor wire shall
not be used for construction of any fence.
Exceptions:
(a) Barbed or razor wire may be used in fences enclosing the
following premises, provided that barbed or razor wire shall
be placed along or above the height of 6 feet from the ground,
subject to the approval of the fire department:
(1) Any “public utility” as defined in section 269-1, Hawai‘i
Revised Statutes;
(2) Premises in industrial zoned districts and used for
storage or handling of hazardous materials, and premises
zoned I-2 or I-3, intensive or waterfront industrial
districts which are used for industrial purposes and are
not adjacent to premises used for other purposes;
(3) Zoos for keeping animals and birds for public view or
exhibition;
(4) Jails, prisons, reformatories, and other institutions
which are involved in law enforcement or military
activities where security against entry is an important
factor.
(b) Barbed wire may be used in premises used for pasturing
livestock, including but not limited to: horses; cattle; sheep;
goats; camelids; and pigs, or to keep wild animals out.
Section C101.3.3 Construction barrier. See Section 3306 for
fences allowed during construction or demolition.”
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-3-3
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§ 5A-3-21 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Division 2. Appendices Added to the International Building Code.
Section 5A-3-21. Appendices added to International Building Code.
The following appendices are hereby added to the International Building Code and
made a part of this code, as set forth in full in this article:
(1) Appendix M, Thatch Material on Exterior of Buildings – Protection Against
Exposure Fires;
(2) Appendix U, Hawai‘i Hurricane Sheltering Provisions for New Construction;
(3) Appendix W, Hawai‘i Wind Design Provisions for New Construction;
(4) Appendix X, Indigenous Hawaiian Architecture Structures.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3; am 2021, ord 21-61, sec 17.) 5A-3-21
Section 5A-3-22. Repealed.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3; rep 2021, ord 21-61, sec 18.) 5A-3-22
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Section 5A-3-23. Appendix M; Thatch Material on Exterior of Buildings -
Protection Against Exposure Fires.
Appendix M is added to read as follows:
“APPENDIX M
THATCH MATERIAL ON EXTERIOR OF BUILDINGS; PROTECTION
AGAINST EXPOSURE FIRES
SECTION M101
GENERAL
M101.1 General. Thatched materials used on the roof on a building
shall be protected by manually operated sprinkler heads, with
adequate water supply, pipe size, and sprinkler head spacing in
accordance with sprinkler system requirements set forth in this
section.
Thatched materials used on the wall of a building shall be protected
by manually operated outside sprinklers. Size and spacing of
sprinklers and pipe size shall be in accordance with Chapter 7,
“Outside Sprinklers and Protection Against Exposure Fires,” of the
National Fire Codes of the National Fire Protection Association.
Controls shall be set forth in this section.
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§ 5A-3-23 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
SECTION M102
APPLICABILITY
M102.1 Applicability. Thatched material on the exterior of
buildings shall be permitted only upon buildings located in areas zone
for resort (V Resort-Hotel by the Planning Department) uses which
primarily service the tourist trade when approved by the building
official.
The thatched material permitted in this section shall be used for
decorative purposes on the roof or wall of buildings. The building,
independent of the thatched material, shall comply with all applicable
provisions of this appendix.
When thatched material is used as permitted in this section, and an
appropriate permit is obtained therefore, outside sprinklers for
protection against exposure fires shall be required as hereinafter
provided.
SECTION M103
SPRINKLER
M103.1 General. Sprinklers shall be located at the high point of the
roof. Upright or pendant sprinklers shall be used for gable roofs.
Sidewall sprinklers shall be used for shed roofs.
M103.2 Spacing of sprinklers. The maximum width of roof with
one row of sprinklers shall be as follows:
Orifice Size
Roof Slope Width of Roof
(In inches)
1:3 or greater 3/8 15'
1:3 or greater 1/2 20'
1:3 or greater 17/32 25'
Less than 1:3 3/8 10'
Less than 1:3 1/2 15'
Less than 1:3 17/32 20'
Maximum spacing of sprinklers on branch lines (along ridge) shall be
as follows: 3/8- inch orifice – 6 feet;1/2-inch orifice – 8 feet; 17/32-inch
orifice – 10 feet.
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Conical roofs may be protected with one sprinkler at the apex if the
diameter of the roof does not exceed the width of roof referred to in
this section.
Where the width of a roof exceeds the width allowed for one row of
sprinklers, as provided in the table in this section, two or more rows of
sprinklers shall be required. The rows of sprinklers shall be placed
such that the entire roof area is protected.
M103.3 Areas protected. Each area (zone) of thatched material that
is separated from another thatched area by an open space of 20 feet or
more or by incombustible construction of 20 feet or more shall be
considered a separate area (zone).
Risers to each separate zone shall not be less than that shown in
subsection M103.5, Riser and pipe size, except as modified as follows:
(1) More than one zone may be protected by one valve, if the
supply is adequate.
(2) If one area (zone) is larger than can be protected with the
existing supply, the zones can be subdivided into subzones if
the following criteria are met: An area of at least 800 square
feet is protected by the subzone control valve; there is at least
a 10 percent overlap in coverage of adjoining subzones; and
operation of the manual control valves will automatically
transmit an alarm to the fire department.
M103.4 Water supply. The sprinkling system shall have a separate
connection to the water main in the street, to an approved automatic
fire-extinguishing system supply line, to a wet standpipe supply line,
or to a domestic supply of adequate size. The water supply required
shall be determined from either of the following:
(1) Flow per sprinkler for the largest zone, with residual
pressure at the highest sprinkler at 15 pounds per square in
with all heads operating, shall be as follows:
Orifice Size
Gallons Per Minute
(In inches)
3/8 15
1/2 20
17/32 25
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§ 5A-3-23 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
(2) The flow shall be hydraulically calculated so as to discharge
at least 0.11 gallons per minute per square foot of surface
area to be sprinkled.
M103.5 Riser and pipe size. Pipe sizes shall be determined from
the flow as calculated in subsection M103.4, Water supply. However,
no pipe less than one inch in size shall be used. The following table
may be used in conjunction with this flow calculated for the selection
of pipe or riser sizes.
Orifice Pipe or Riser Size (In inches)
Size
1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 3-1/2 4
(In inches)
No. of Sprinklers
3/8 3 4 7 11 21 37 40 40
1/2 2 3 5 8 15 27 40 40
17/32 1 2 4 6 11 19 30 38
M103.6 Number of sprinklers served. The number of sprinklers on
a branch line shall not exceed six. Center feet shall be used for six or
more sprinklers. The number of sprinklers under control of each
control valve shall not exceed forty. At the location of each valve,
there shall be a drain connection and a 1/4-inch valve test connection
to accommodate pressure gauge.
M103.7 Material installed above grade. Piping shall be galvanized
steel schedule 40 with galvanized malleable iron fittings or hard
drawn copper with silver solder fittings. Pipes shall be securely
fastened to the structure.
Valves shall be manual type approved and listed by the Underwriters’
Laboratories or by other approved testing agencies. Valves shall be
installed outdoors and so located as to be readily accessible in case of
fire. Signs indicating the use of valves shall be conspicuously posted.
M103.8 Local alarm. Any one system with 20 or more sprinklers
under control of one valve shall be complemented with a local fire
alarm, either electrically or mechanically operated.”
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-3-23
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Section 5A-3-24. Appendix U; Hawai‘i Hurricane Sheltering Provisions for
New Construction.
Appendix U is added to read as follows:
“APPENDIX U
HAWAI‘I HURRICANE SHELTERING PROVISIONS
FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION
Section U101. Community Storm Shelters.
Chapter 4 is amended by adding Section 421 to read as follows:
“SECTION 421
COMMUNITY STORM SHELTERS
421.1 General. In addition to other applicable requirements in this
code, community storm shelters and the following specific Occupancy
Category IV buildings shall be constructed in accordance with
ICC/NSSA-500:
(1) Designated earthquake, hurricane or other emergency
shelters.
(2) Designated emergency preparedness, communication, and
operation centers and other facilities required for emergency
response.
421.1.1 Scope. This section applies to the construction of storm
shelters constructed as separate detached buildings or constructed as
safe rooms within buildings for the purpose of providing safe refuge
from storms that produce high winds, such as hurricanes. Such
structures shall be designated to be hurricane shelters.
421.2 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, for the
purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this code, have the
meanings shown herein.
“COMMUNITY STORM SHELTER. A building, structure, or
portions(s) thereof, constructed in accordance with ICC 500-08
ICC/NSSA Standard on the Design and Construction of Storm
Shelters and designated for use during a severe wind storm event
such as a hurricane.”
Section U102. Hawai‘i Residential Safe Room.
Chapter 4 is amended by adding Section 422 to read as follows:
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“SECTION 422
HAWAI‘I RESIDENTIAL SAFE ROOM
422.1 Performance-based design criteria. The Residential Safe
Room shall meet the minimum performance specifications of Sections
422.1.1 through 422.9, and the owner of the Residential Safe Room
shall comply with Section 422.10.
422.1.1 Intent and scope. The intent of the Residential Safe Room
is to temporarily provide an enhanced protection area that is either:
(1) fully enclosed within a dwelling or within an accessory structure to
a residence; or (2) a separate structure outside of the dwelling that
meets standards pursuant to 422.1.2.1 or 422.1.2.2. All Residential
Safe Rooms shall be designed and constructed to withstand the wind
pressures, windborne debris impacts, and other requirements of this
section.
422.1.2 Alternative standards.
(1) Manufactured Safe Room Designs Subject to Approval. A
manufactured safe room or safe room kit may be substituted
if documentation is submitted and approved by the building
official. The safe room shall be engineered, tested, and
manufactured to meet or exceed the criteria of this section.
(2) FEMA 320 Shelter Designs Permitted. It shall be permissible
to build FEMA Shelters of up to 64 square feet of floor area
with walls up to 8 feet long that are built in accordance with
construction details of FEMA 320.
422.2 Site criteria. Residential Safe Rooms shall not be constructed
within areas subject to stream flooding, coastal flooding or dam failure
inundation within any of the following areas:
(1) FEMA Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) subject to rainfall
runoff flooding or stream or flash flooding;
(2) Coastal zones “V” or “A” identified in the Flood Insurance
Rate Map (FIRM) issued by FEMA for floodplain
management purposes, in which the flood hazard are tides,
storm surge, waves, tsunamis, or a combination of these
hazards; and
(3) Areas subject to dam failure inundation as determined by the
Department of Land and Natural Resources.
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422.3 Maximum occupancy. The safe room is permitted to be used
for a maximum occupancy based on at least 15 square feet per person
with a maximum of 8 persons in a room of up to 128 square feet of
floor area.
422.4 Provisions for exiting. The room shall be equipped with an
inward-swinging door and an impact-protected operable window
suitable for a means of alternative exiting in an emergency.
422.5 Design for dead, live, wind, rain, and impact loads.
422.5.1 Structural integrity criteria.
(1) The safe room shall be built with a complete structural
system and a complete load path for vertical and lateral loads
caused by gravity and wind.
(2) The building that the safe room is built within shall be
assumed to be destroyed by the storm and shall not be taken
as offering any protective shielding to the safe room
enclosure.
(3) The ceiling structure and wall shall be capable of supporting
a superimposed debris load of the full weight of any building
floors and roof above, but not less than 125 psf.
(4) The safe room enclosure shall be capable of simultaneously
resisting lateral and uplift wind pressures corresponding to a
160 mph 3-second peak gust, determined in accordance with
ASCE Standard 7, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and
Other Structures, calculated using load and importance
Factors of 1.0. The site exposure factor shall be based on
exposure C. The gust factor and the directionality factor
shall be taken as 0.85. Topographic wind amplification
caused by mountainous terrain shall be considered in
accordance with the building code. Internal pressure shall be
determined in accordance with ASCE – 7.
(5) The safe room shall be anchored to a foundation system
capable of resisting the above loading conditions.
422.5.2 Windborne debris impact protection of building
enclosure elements. The entire enclosure of the safe room,
including all walls, ceilings, and openings, fixed or operable windows,
and all entry doors into the safe room, shall meet or exceed Level D
requirements of ASTM E 1996 (Table 422.5-1). Any wall or ceiling
penetration greater than 4 square inches shall be considered an
opening.
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§ 5A-3-24 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Exception: Electrical outlet boxes and interior lighting switches not
penetrating more than 2.5-inches into the interior wall surface and a
plumbing piping or conduit not greater than 1.5-inch in diameter shall
be exempted from this requirement.
422.5.3 Cyclic pressure loading of glazing and protective
systems. Impact protective systems shall meet the ASTM E 1996
cyclic pressure requirement for the loading given in Table 422.5-1.
TABLE 422.5-1
WINDBORNE DEBRIS PROTECTION AND CYCLIC PRESSURE
CRITERIA FOR RESIDENTIAL SAFE ROOMS
Enclosure Wall Ceiling,
ASTM E
and Floor Cyclic Air
1996 Debris
Debris Missile Pressure Testing -
Missile Impact
Size maximum inward and
Level Speed
maximum outward
Rating
pressures
2 x 4 weighing 9.0
lb. +/- 0.25 lb.,
50 ft./sec.
35 psf inward
and with min.
D or at least
45 psf outward
length 8 ft.
34 mph
+/-4-inch
422.6 Ventilation. The room shall be naturally ventilated to allow
the enclosure to have approximately one air change every 2 hours.
This requirement may be satisfied by 12 square inches of venting per
occupant. There shall be at least two operable vents. The vents shall
be protected by a cowling or other device that shall be impact tested to
comply with ASTM E 1996 Level D. Alternatively, the room shall be
evaluated to determine if the openings are of sufficient area to
constitute an open or partially enclosed condition as defined in
ASCE 7.
422.7 Communications. The safe room shall be equipped with a
phone line and telephone that does not rely on a separate electrical
power outlet. Alternatively, a wireless telephone shall be permitted to
rely on an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) battery device.
422.8 Construction documents. Construction documents for the
Residential Safe Room shall be directly prepared by a Hawai‘i licensed
professional structural engineer.
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422.9 Special inspection. The construction or installation of the
safe room shall be verified for conformance to the drawings in
accordance with Chapter 17.
422.10 Notification. The owner of the safe room shall notify the
State Department of Defense and county civil defense agency of the
property’s Tax Map Key or Global Positioning System coordinates.”
Section U102. State and County-owned public high occupancy
buildings - design criteria for enhanced hurricane protection
areas.
Chapter 4 is amended by adding Section 423 to read as follows:
“SECTION 423
STATE AND COUNTY-OWNED HIGH OCCUPANCY BUILDINGS - DESIGN
CRITERIA FOR ENHANCED HURRICANE PROTECTION AREAS
423.1 Intent. The purpose of this section is to establish minimum life
safety design criteria for enhanced hurricane protection areas in high
occupancy state- and county-owned buildings occupied during
hurricanes of up to Saffir Simpson Category 3.
423.2 Scope. This section shall apply to state- and county-owned
buildings which are of Occupancy Category III and IV defined by
Table 1604.5 and of the following specific occupancies:
(1) Enclosed and partially enclosed structures whose primary
occupancy is public assembly with an occupant load greater
than 300.
(2) Health care facilities with an occupant load of 50 or more
resident patients, but not having surgery or emergency
treatment facilities.
(3) Any other state- and county-owned enclosed or partially
enclosed building with an occupant load greater than 5,000.
(4) Hospitals and other health care facilities having surgery or
emergency treatment facilities.
Exception: Facilities located within flood zone V and flood zone A
that are designated by the owner to be evacuated during hurricane
warnings declared by the National Weather Service, shall not be
subject to these requirements.
423.3 Site criteria.
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§ 5A-3-24 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
423.3.1 Flood and tsunami zones. Comply with ASCE 24-05, Flood
Resistant Design and Construction, based on provisions for Occupancy
Category III.
(1) Floor slab on grade shall be 1.5 foot above the Base Flood
Elevation of the county’s flood hazard map, or at higher
elevation as determined by a modeling methodology that
predicts the maximum envelope and depth of inundation
including the combined effects of storm surge and wave
actions with respect to a Category 3 hurricane.
(2) Locate outside of V and Coastal A flood zones unless justified
by site-specific analysis or designed for vertical evacuation in
accordance with a method approved by the building official.
When a building within a V or Coastal A zone is approved,
the bottom of the lowest structural framing member of any
elevated first floor space shall be 2 feet above the Base Flood
Elevation of the county’s flood hazard map, or at higher
elevation as determined by a modeling methodology that
predicts the maximum envelope and depth of inundation
including the combined effects of storm surge and wave
actions with respect to a Category 3 hurricane.
(3) Locate outside of Tsunami evacuation zones unless justified
by site-specific analysis or designed for vertical evacuation in
accordance with a method approved by the building official.
423.3.2 Emergency vehicle access. Provide at least one route for
emergency vehicle access. The portion of the emergency route within
the site shall be above the 100-year flood elevation.
423.3.3 Landscaping and utility laydown impact hazards.
Landscaping around the building shall be designed to provide standoff
separation sufficient to maintain emergency vehicle access in the
event of mature tree blowdown. Trees shall not interfere with the
functioning of overhead or underground utility lines, nor cause
laydown or falling impact hazard to the building envelope or utility
lines.
423.3.4 Adjacent buildings. The building shall not be located
within 1,000 feet of any hazardous material facilities defined by Table
1604.5. Unanchored light-framed portable structures shall be not
permitted within 300 feet of the building.
423.4 Enhanced hurricane protection area program
requirements.
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423.4.1 Applicable net area. At least 50 percent of the net square
feet of a facility shall be constructed to qualify as an enhanced
hurricane protection area. The net floor area shall be determined by
subtracting from the gross square feet the floor area of excluded
spaces, exterior walls, columns, fixed or movable objects, equipment or
other features that under probable conditions cannot be removed or
stored during use as a storm shelter.
423.4.2 Excluded spaces. Spaces such as mechanical and electrical
rooms, storage rooms, attic and crawl spaces, shall not be considered
as net floor area permitted to be occupied during a hurricane.
423.4.3 Occupancy capacity. The occupancy capacity shall be
determined by dividing the net area of the enhanced hurricane
protection area by 15 square feet net floor area per person.
423.4.4 Toilets and hand washing facilities. Provide a minimum
of 1 toilet per 50 enhanced hurricane protection area occupants and a
minimum of 1 sink per 100 enhanced hurricane protection area
occupants, as determined per Section 423.4.3, located within the
perimeter of the enhanced hurricane protection area. These required
toilet and hand-washing facilities are not in addition to those required
for normal occupancy and shall be included in the overall facility
fixture count.
423.4.5 Accessibility. Where the refuge occupancy accommodates
more than 50 persons, provide an ADA-accessible route to a shelter
area at each facility with a minimum of 1 wheelchair space for every
200 enhanced hurricane protection area occupants determined per
Section 423.4.3.
423.5 Design wind, rain, and impact loads.
423.5.1 Structural design criteria. The building Main Wind Force
Resisting System and structural components shall be designed per
ASCE 7 for a 115 mph minimum peak 3-second gust design speed with
a load factor of 1.6, and an Importance Factor for Occupancy Category
III. Topographic and directionality factors shall be the site-specific
values determined per Appendix W. Design for interior pressure
based on the largest opening in any exterior facade or roof surface.
423.5.2 Windborne debris missile impact for building enclosure
elements. Exterior glazing and glazed openings, louvers, roof
openings and doors shall be provided with windborne debris impact
resistance or protection systems conforming to ASTM E1996-05 Level
D, i.e., 9 lb. 2 X 4 @ 50 fps (34 mph).
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§ 5A-3-24 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
423.5.3 Cyclic pressure loading of impact resistive glazing or
windborne impact protective systems. Resistance to the
calculated maximum inward and outward pressure shall be designed
to conform to ASTM E1996-05.
423.5.4 Windows. All unprotected window assemblies and their
anchoring systems shall be designed and installed to meet the wind
load and missile impact criteria of this section.
423.5.5 Window protective systems. Windows may be provided
with permanent or deployable protective systems, provided the
protective system is designed and installed to meet the wind load and
missile impact criteria and completely covers the window assembly
and anchoring system.
423.5.6 Doors. All exterior and interior doors subject to possible wind
exposure and/or missile impact shall have doors, frames, anchoring
devices, and vision panels designed and installed to resist the wind
load and missile impact criteria or such doors, frames, anchoring
devices, and vision panels shall be provided with impact protective
systems designed and installed to resist the wind load and missile
impact criteria of this section.
423.5.7 Exterior envelope. The building enclosure, including walls,
roofs, glazed openings, louvers and doors, shall not be perforated or
penetrated by windborne debris, as determined by compliance with
ASTM E1996-05 Level C.
423.5.8 Parapets. Parapets shall satisfy the wind load and missile
impact criteria of the exterior envelope.
423.5.9 Roofs.
423.5.9.1 Roof openings. Roof openings (e.g., HVAC fans, ducts,
skylights) shall be provided with protection for the wind load and
missile impact criteria of Sections 423.5.2 and 423.5.3.
423.5.9.2 High wind roof coverings. Roof coverings shall be
specified and designed according to the latest ASTM Standards for
high wind uplift forces.
423.5.9.3 Roof drainage. Roofs shall have adequate slope, drains
and overflow drains or scuppers sized to accommodate 100-year hourly
rainfall rates in accordance with Section 1611.1, but not less than 2-
inches per hour for 6 continuous hours.
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423.6 Ventilation.
423.6.1 Mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilation as required
per the International Mechanical Code. Air intakes and exhausts
shall be designed and installed to meet the wind load and missile
impact criteria of Sections 423.5.2 and 423.5.3.
423.6.2 HVAC equipment anchorage. HVAC equipment mounted
on roofs and anchoring systems shall be designed and installed to
meet the wind load criteria. Roof openings for roof-mounted HVAC
equipment shall have a 12-inch-high curb designed to prevent the
entry of rain water.
423.7 Standby electrical system capability. Provide a standby
emergency electrical power system per Chapter 27 and NFPA 70
Article 700 Emergency Systems and Article 701 Legally Required
Standby Systems, which shall have the capability of being connected
to an emergency generator or other temporary power source. The
emergency system capabilities shall include:
(1) An emergency lighting system,
(2) Illuminated exit signs,
(3) Fire protection system(s), alarm and sprinkler, and
(4) Minimum mechanical ventilation for health/safety purposes.
423.7.1 Emergency generator. When emergency generators are
pre-installed, the facility housing the generator, permanent or
portable, shall be an enclosed area designed to protect the generators
from wind and missile impact. Generators hardened by the
manufacturer to withstand the area’s design wind and missile impact
criteria shall be exempt from the enclosed area criteria requirement.
423.8 Quality assurance.
423.8.1 Information on construction documents. Construction
Documents shall include design criteria, the occupancy capacity of the
enhanced hurricane protective area, and Project Specifications shall
include opening protection devices. Floor plans shall indicate all
enhanced hurricane protection area portions of the facility and exiting
routes there from. The latitude and longitude coordinates of the
building shall be recorded on the construction documents.
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§ 5A-3-24 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
423.8.2 Special inspection. In addition to the requirements of
Chapter 17, special inspections shall include at least the following
systems and components:
(1) Roof cladding and roof framing connections.
(2) Wall connections to roof and floor diaphragms and framing.
(3) Roof and floor diaphragm systems, including collectors, drag
struts and boundary elements.
(4) Vertical windforce-resisting systems, including braced
frames, moment frames and shear walls.
(5) Windforce-resisting system connections to the foundation.
(6) Fabrication and installation of systems or components
required to meet the impact-resistance requirements of
Section 1609.1.2.
Exception: Fabrication of manufactured systems or components that
have a label indicating compliance with the wind-load and impact-
resistance requirements of this code.
423.8.3 Quality assurance plan. A construction quality assurance
program shall be included in the Construction Documents, including:
(1) The materials, systems, components and work required to
have special inspection or testing by the building official or by
the registered design professional responsible for each portion
of the work.
(2) The type and extent of each special inspection.
(3) The type and extent of each test.
(4) Additional requirements for special inspection or testing for
seismic or wind resistance.
(5) For each type of special inspection, identification as to
whether it will be continuous special inspection or periodic
special inspection.
423.8.4 Peer review. Construction Documents shall be
independently reviewed by a Hawai‘i-licensed Structural Engineer. A
written opinion report of compliance shall be submitted to State Civil
Defense, the Building Official, and the owner.
423.9 Maintenance. The building shall be periodically inspected
every three years and maintained by the owner to ensure structural
integrity and compliance with this section. A report of inspection
shall be furnished to State Civil Defense.
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423.10 Compliance re-certification when altered, deteriorated,
or damaged. Alterations shall be reviewed by a Hawai‘i-licensed
structural engineer to determine whether any alterations would cause
a violation of this section. Deterioration or damage to any component
of the building shall require an evaluation by a Hawai‘i-licensed
structural engineer to determine repairs necessary to maintain
compliance with this section.”
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-3-24
Section 5A-3-25. Appendix W; Hawai‘i Wind Design Provisions for New
Construction.
Appendix W is added to read as follows:
“APPENDIX W
HAWAI‘I WIND DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR NEW CONSTRUCTIONS
W101 Revisions to Chapter 16. When Appendix W is adopted, wind
design shall be in accordance with Chapter 16 as amended by Sections
W101.1 through W101.10.
W101.1 Revisions to section 1603.1. Section 1603.1 is amended to
read as follows:
“1603.1 General. Construction documents shall show the size,
section, and relative locations of structural members with floor
levels, column centers and offsets dimensioned. The design loads
and other information pertinent to the structural design required
by Sections 1603.1.1 through 1603.1.8 shall be indicated on the
construction documents.
Exception: Construction documents for buildings constructed in
accordance with the conventional light-frame construction
provisions of Section 2308 shall indicate the following structural
design information:
(1) Floor and roof live loads.
(2) Ground snow load, P.
g
(3) Basic wind speed (3-second gust) and Effective wind
speed V (3-second gust), miles per hour (mph)(km/hr)
eff
and wind exposure.
(4) Seismic design category and site class.
(5) Flood design data, if located in flood hazard areas
established in Section 1612.3.”
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§ 5A-3-25 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
W101.2 Revisions to section 1603.1.4. Section 1603.1.4 is amended
to read as follows:
“1603.1.4 Wind design data. The following information related
to wind loads shall be shown, regardless of whether wind loads
govern the design of the lateral-force-resisting system of the
building:
(1) Basic wind speed (3-second gust), miles per hour (km/hr),
.
V, and effective windspeed V
eff
(2) Wind importance factor I, and building category.
(3) Wind exposure, if more than one wind exposure is
utilized, the wind exposure for each applicable wind
direction shall be indicated.
(4) The applicable internal pressure coefficient.
(5) Components and cladding. The design wind pressures in
²
) used for the design of exterior
terms of psf (kN/m
components, and cladding not specifically designed by
the registered design professional.”
W101.3 Revisions to section 1609.1.1. Section 1609.1.1 is amended
to read as follows:
“1609.1.1 Determination of wind loads. Wind loads on every
building or structure shall be determined in accordance with
Chapter 6 of ASCE 7. Minimum values for Directionality Factor,
K, Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient, K, and Topographic
dz
, shall be determined in accordance with Section 1609.
Factor, K
zt
The type of opening protection required, the basic wind speed and
the exposure category for a site is permitted to be determined in
accordance with Section 1609 or ASCE 7. Wind shall be assumed
to come from any horizontal direction and wind pressures shall be
assumed to act normal to the surface considered.
Exceptions:
(1) Subject to the limitations of Section 1609.1.1.1, the
provisions of SBCCI SSTD 10 shall be permitted for
applicable Group R-2 and R-3 buildings.
(2) Subject to the limitations of Section 1609.1.1.1,
residential structures using the provisions of the AF &
PA WFCM.
(3) Designs using NAAMM FP 1001.
(4) Designs using TIA/EIA-222 for antenna-supporting
structures and antennas.”
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W101.4 Revisions to section 1609.1.2. Section 1609.1.2 is amended
to read as follows:
“1609.1.2 Protection of openings. In wind-borne debris
regions, glazing in building shall be impact-resistant or protected
with an impact-resistant covering meeting the requirements of an
approved impact-resisting standard or ASTM E 1996 and of
ASTM E 1886 referenced therein as follows:
(1) Glazed openings located within 30 feet (9144 mm) of
grade shall meet the requirements of the Large Missile
Test of ASTM E 1996.
(2) Glazed openings located more than 30 feet (9144 mm)
above grade shall meet the provisions of the Small
Missile Test of ASTM E 1996.
Exceptions:
(1) Wood structural panels with a minimum thickness of
7/16 inch (11.1 mm) and a maximum panel span of 8 feet
(2438 mm) shall be permitted for opening protection in
one- and two-story buildings. Panels shall be precut so
that they shall be attached to the framing surrounding
the opening containing the product with the glazed
opening. Panels shall be secured with the attachment
hardware provided. Attachments shall be designed to
resist the components and cladding loads determined in
accordance with the provisions of ASCE 7. Attachment
in accordance with Table 1609.1.2 is permitted for
buildings with a mean roof height of 33 feet (10,058 mm)
or less where wind speeds do not exceed 130 mph
(57.2 m/s).
(2) Glazing in Occupancy Category I buildings as defined in
Section 1604.5, including greenhouses that are occupied
for growing plants on a production or research basis,
without public access shall be permitted to be
unprotected.
(3) Glazing in Occupancy Category II, III or IV buildings
located over 60 feet (18,288 mm) above the ground and
over 30 feet (9,144 mm) above aggregate surface roofs
located within 1,500 feet (458 m) of the building shall be
permitted to be unprotected.
(4) Glazing in Occupancy Category II and III buildings that
can receive positive external pressure in the lower 60 feet
(18,288 mm) shall be assumed to be openings unless such
glazing is impact-resistant or protected with an impact-
resistant system.
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§ 5A-3-25 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Exception: Glazing in Occupancy Category III buildings defined
by Table 1604.5 of the following occupancies shall be provided
with windborne debris protection:
(a) Covered structures whose primary occupancy is public
assembly with an occupant load greater than 300.
(b) Health care facilities with an occupant load of 50 or more
resident patients, but not having surgery or emergency
treatment facilities.
(c) Any other public building with an occupant load greater
than 5,000.
1609.1.2.1 Building with openings. Where glazing is assumed
to be an opening in accordance with Section 1609.1.2, the building
shall be evaluated to determine if the openings are of sufficient
area to constitute an open or partially enclosed building as
defined in ASCE 7. Open and partially enclosed buildings shall
be designed in accordance with the applicable provisions of ASCE
7. Partially enclosed Occupancy R-3 buildings shall also include a
residential safe room in accordance with Section 422, Hawai‘i
Residential Safe Room.
1609.1.2.2 Louvers. Louvers protecting intake and exhaust
ventilation ducts not assumed to be open that are located within
30 ft (9,144 mm) of grade shall meet requirements of an approved
impact-resisting standard or the Large Missile Test of ASTM E
1996.
TABLE 1609.1.2
WIND-BORNE DEBRIS PROTECTION FASTENING SCHEDULE
a,b,c
FOR WOOD STRUCTURAL PANELS
FASTENER SPACING
4 feet 6 feet
Panel span < Panel span< Panel span
FASTENER TYPE
No. 6 screws 16" 12" 9"
No. 8 screws 16" 16" 12"
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound = 0.454 kg,
1 mile per hour = 1.609 km/h.
a. This table is based on a maximum wind speed (3-second gust) of 130
mph and mean roof height of 33 feet or less.
b. Fasteners shall be installed at opposing ends of the wood structural
panel. Fasteners shall be located a minimum of 1 inch from the edge
of the panel.
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c.Fasteners shall be long enough to penetrate through the exterior
wall covering a minimum of 1.75 inches into wood wall framing; a
minimum of 1.25 inches into concrete block or concrete; or into steel
framing by at least three threads. Fasteners shall be located a
minimum of 2.5 inches from the edge of concrete block or concrete.
d. Where screws are attached to masonry or masonry/stucco, they shall
be attached utilizing vibration-resistant anchors having a minimum
withdrawal capacity of 490 pounds.”
W101.4.1 Revisions to section 1609.2. Section 1609.2 is amended
to read as follows:
“1609.2 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, for
the purposes of Section 1609, have the meanings shown herein.
HURRICANE-PRONE REGIONS. Areas vulnerable to
hurricanes defined as:
(1) The U.S. Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico coasts
where the basic wind speed is greater than 90 mph
(40 m/s) and
(2) Hawai‘i, Puerto Rico, Guam, Virgin Islands and
American Samoa.
WIND-BORNE DEBRIS REGION. Portions of hurricane-
prone regions that are within 1 mile (1.61 km) of the coastal
mean high water line where the basic wind speed is 110 mph
(48 m/s) or greater; or portions of hurricane-prone regions
where the basic wind speed is 120 mph (53 m/s) or greater.”
W101.5 Revisions to section 1609.3. Section 1609.3 is amended to
read as follows:
“1609.3 Basic wind speed and topographic and
directionality factors. The basic wind speed, in mph, for the
determination of the wind loads shall be determined by Figure
1609.
Special wind regions near mountainous terrain and valleys are
accounted within the Topographic Factor defined in Section
1609.3.3. Wind speeds derived from simulation techniques shall
only be used in lieu of the basic wind speeds given in Figure 1609
when, (1) approved simulation or extreme-value statistical-
analysis procedures are used (the use of regional wind speed data
obtained from anemometers is not permitted to define the
hurricane wind speed risk in Hawai‘i) and (2) the design wind
speeds resulting from the study shall not be less than the
resulting 700-year return period wind sp
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§ 5A-3-25 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
W101.6 Addition of section 1609.3.2. Section 1609.3.2 is added to
read as follows:
“1609.3.2 Effective basic wind speed conversion. For Section
2308.10.1, the provisions of ASCE Section 6.4, and the exceptions
permitted under Section 16099.1.1, the basic wind speed value
used for determination of the wind loads, shall be the Effective
, determined by Figure 1609.1.1.1, which
Basic Wind Speed, V
eff
adjusts the basic wind speed for special topographic wind
regions.”
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-3-25
W101.7 Addition of effective wind speed contour maps.
Figure 1609.1.1.1(a) is added as follows:
Figure 1609.1.1.1(a)
, for Components
County of Hawai‘i Effective Basic Wind Speed, V
eff
and Cladding for Buildings less than 100 ft. tall
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§ 5A-3-25 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
W101.8 Addition of section 1609.3.3. Section 1609.3.3 is added to
read as follows:
“1609.3.3 Topographic effects. Wind speed-up effects caused
by topography shall be included in the calculation of wind loads
by using the factor K, where K is given in Figure 1609.3.3(a).
ztzt
Exception: Site-specific probabilistic analysis of directional K
zt
based on wind-tunnel testing of topographic speed-up shall be
permitted to be submitted for approval by the Building Official.”
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-3-25
Figure 1609.3.3(a)
County of Hawai‘i Peak Gust Topographic Factor K
zt
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§ 5A-3-25 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
W101.9 Directionality factor. Section 1609.3.4 is added to read as
follows:
“1609.3.4 Directionality factor. The wind directionality factor,
K, shall be determined from Tables 1609.3.4(a) and 1609.3.4(b).
d
TABLE 1609.3.4(a)(1)
K VALUES FOR MAIN WIND FORCE RESISTING SYSTEMS
d
a,b
SITED IN HAWAI‘I COUNTY
Main Wind Force
Resisting Systems
with totally
Main Wind Force
independent
Resisting Systems
systems in each
Biaxially
orthogonal
Symmetric and
Topographic
direction
Axisymmetric
Location on the
Mean Mean Mean Mean Structures of any
Island of Hawai‘i
Roof Roof Roof Roof Height and Arched
Roof Structures
Height Height Height Height
less greater less greater
than or than 100 than or than 100
equal to ft. equal to ft.
100 ft. 100 ft.
Sites in North
Kohala, South
Kohala, South
Kona, South Hilo,
0.65 0.70 0.70 0.75 0.85
and Puna Districts
at an elevation not
greater than
3000ft.
All other sites0.700.800.750.800.95
a. The values of K for other non-building structures indicated in ASCE-7 Table 6-4 shall
d
be permitted.
based on wind-tunnel testing of topography and
b. Site-specific probabilistic analysis of K
d
peak gust velocity profile shall be permitted to be submitted for approval by the
Building Official, but K shall have a value not less than 0.65.
d
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TABLE 1609.3.4(b)(1)
K VALUES FOR COMPONENTS AND CLADDING
d
a,b
OF BUILDINGS SITED IN HAWAI‘I COUNTY
Components and Cladding
Mean Roof Mean Roof Occupancy
Topographic Location on
Height less Height Category IV
the Island of Hawai‘i
than or equal greater Buildings and
to 100 ft.than 100 ft.Structures
Sites in North Kohala, South Kohala,
South Kona, South Hilo, and Puna
0.65 0.70 0.75
Districts at an elevation not greater
than 3000 ft.
All other sites0.75 0.80 0.85
a. The values of K for other non-building structures indicated in ASCE-7 Table 6-4 shall
d
be permitted.
b. Site-specific probabilistic analysis of K based on wind-tunnel testing of topography and
d
peak gust velocity profile shall be permitted to be submitted for approval by the
Building Official, but in any case subject to a minimum value of 0.65.”
W101.10 Addition of exposure category maps. Section 1609.4.4 is
added to read as follows:
“1609.4.4 Exposure category maps. Exposure categories are
permitted to be determined using Figure 1609.4.4(a).
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§ 5A-3-25 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Figure 1609.4.4(a)
Exposure Category Zones for Hawai‘i County
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W102 Revisions to chapter 23. When Appendix W is adopted, wood
construction shall be in accordance with Chapter 23 as amended by
Sections W102.1 and W102.2.
W102.1 Revisions to section 2308.2.1. Section 2308.2.1 is amended
to read as follows:
“2308.2.1 Basicwind speed greater than 100 mph. Where
the Effective Basic Wind Speed exceeds 100 mph, the provisions
of the AF&PA WFCM, or the SBCCI SSTD 10 are permitted to be
used.”
W102.2 Revisions to table 2308.10.1. Table 2308.10.1 is amended
to read:
TABLE 2308.10.1
REQUIRED RATING OF APPROVED UPLIFT CONNECTORS
a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i
(pounds)
Effective
Basic Wind Roof Span (feet)
Overhangs
d
Speed
(pounds/ft)
V
eff, 3-sec gust 12 2024 28 32 36 40
85 -72 -120 -144-168-192 -216 -240-38.55
90 -91 -152 -182-213-243 -274 -304-43.22
100-131-218 -262-305-349 -392 -436-53.36
110-175-292 -350-409-467 -526 -584-64.56
120-240-400 -480-560-640 -720 -800-76.83
130-304-506 -607-708-810 -911 -1012 -90.17
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 mile per hour = 1.61 km/hr,
1 pound = 0.454 Kg, 1 pound/foot = 14.5939 N/m.
a. The uplift connection requirements are based on a 30-foot mean roof height located in
Exposure B. For Exposure C and for other mean roof heights, multiply the above loads by
the adjustment coefficients below.
EXPOSURE Mean Roof Height (feet)
15 20 25 3035 40 45 5055 60
B1.001.00 1.00 1.001.05 1.09 1.12 1.161.19 1.22
C1.211.29 1.35 1.401.45 1.49 1.53 1.561.59 1.62
For SI: 1 inch – 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 mile per hour = 1.61 km/hr,
1 pound = 0.454 Kg, 1 pound/foot = 14.5939 N/m.
b. The uplift connection requirements are based on the framing being spaced 24 inches on
center. Multiply by 0.67 for framing spaced 16 inches on center and multiply by 0.5 for
framing spaced 12 inches on center.
c. The uplift connection requirements include an allowance for 10 pounds of dead load.
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§ 5A-3-25 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
d.The uplift connection requirements do not account for the effects of overhangs. The
magnitude of the above loads shall be increased by adding the overhang loads found in
the table. The overhang loads are also based on framing spaced 24 inches on center. The
overhang loads given shall be multiplied by the overhang projection and added to the roof
uplift value in the table.
e. The uplift connection requirements are based upon wind loading on end zones as defined
in Figure 6-2 of ASCE 7. Connection loads for connections located a distance of 20 percent
of the least horizontal dimensions of the building from the corner of the building are
permitted to be reduced by multiplying the table connection value by 0.7 and multiplying
the overhang load by 0.8.
f. For wall-to-wall and wall-to-foundation connections, the capacity of the uplift connector is
permitted to be reduced by 100 pounds for each full wall above. (For example, if a 500-
pound rated connector is used on the roof framing, a 400-pound rated connector is
permitted at the next floor level down.)
g. Interpolation is permitted for intermediate values of basic wind speeds and roof spans.
h. The rated capacity of approved tie-down devices is permitted to include up to a 60-percent
increase for wind effects where allowed by material specifications.
V
is given by Figure 1609.1.1.1.”
i.
eff
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-3-25
Section 5A-3-26. Appendix X; Indigenous Hawaiian Architecture Structures.
Appendix X is added to read as follows:
“APPENDIX X
INDIGENOUS HAWAIIAN ARCHITECTURE STRUCTURES
SECTION X101
GENERAL
X101.1 Scope. The provisions of this appendix shall apply exclusively
to Indigenous Hawaiian Architecture Structures. The purpose of
these provisions is to acknowledge and establish procedures for
designing and constructing indigenous Hawaiian architecture
structures.
X101.2 Publications incorporated by reference. The following
publications are incorporated by reference and made a part of these
provisions. Where there is a conflict between Appendix X and the
referenced documents, Appendix X shall prevail.
(1) “Hawaiian Thatched House” (1971), by Russell A. Apple,
published by the United States Department of the Interior,
(2) “Hale Construction Standards” (2000), by Francis Sinenci and
Bill Sides,
(3) “The Hawaiian Grass House in Bishop Museum” (1988), by
Catherine C. Summers, and
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(4) “Arts and Crafts of Hawaii, Section II, Houses” (1957) by Te
Rangi Hiroa (Peter H. Buck)
X101.3 Definitions. For purposes of this appendix, the following
words and terms shall have the meanings shown herein. Refer to
Chapter 2 for general definitions.
“CERTIFIED HALE BUILDER. Means a person who has
obtained a certificate of completion for satisfactorily completing a
course in Hawaiian hale construction from the University of
Hawai‘i, or any of its community colleges, or as approved by the
Building Official.”
“GROUP OF STRUCTURES. A group of indigenous Hawaiian
architecture structures that are in close proximity to each other
and have an aggregate floor area of 1,800 square feet or less.”
“INDIGENOUS HAWAIIAN ARCHITECTURE STRUCTURE or
HALE. A structure that is consistent with the design,
construction methods and uses of structures built by Hawaiians
in the 1800’s, which uses natural materials found in the Hawaiian
islands, and complies with this appendix and references.”
“SEPARATION. The clear distance between two structures.”
“SETBACK. The clear distance between a structure and a
property line.”
SECTION X201
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
X201.1 Hale materials. Hale shall be constructed using only
materials grown and harvested in the State of Hawai‘i.
X201.2 Wood framing material. The wood members for the hale,
such as posts and rafters, shall be, but not limited to hardwoods of
unmilled, straight sections of trunks or branches of the following
species:
(1) Casaurina equisitafolia (ironwood).
(2) Prosopis-allid (kiawe).
(3) Eucalyptus robusta (eucalyptus).
(4) Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava).
(5) Metrosideros polymorpha (ohia).
(6) Rizophora mangle (mangrove).
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Exception: Ardisia elliptica (inkberry) may be used only for roof
purlins as an alternative to specified woods listed in Items 1
through 6.
X201.3 Roofing and siding. Thatched roofing and siding materials
for the hale may be any grass or leaf material grown and harvested in
the State of Hawai‘i, to include but not be limited to pili, kualohia,
pueo, kawelu, sugar-cane leaves, and ti leaves.
X201.4 Cord. Natural or synthetic cord used for lashing structural
members of the hale shall be 400 pound test. Cord used for tying
floating purlins and thatched materials shall be 100 pound test. All
cord used on the hale shall be shades of green, tan, brown or black.
X201.5 Metal prohibited. Metal shall not be used for the
construction of the hale.
SECTION X202
SIZE AND LOCATION
X202.1 Height and size limitation. Hale shall be one-story,
detached structure(s) not to exceed 1,800 square feet. Hale shall not
exceed the size indicated in Table X202.1.
TABLE X202.1
MAXIMUM SIZE OF HALE (FEET)
Hale Halawai Hale Ku‘aiHale Noa Hale Wa‘a
30 X 60 14 X 20 14 X 24 30 X 60
X202.2 Zoning requirements. Hale shall comply with minimum
yard requirements in Chapter 25, Zoning Code, Hawai‘i County Code.
X202.3 Minimum separation. The minimum separation between a
hale and another structure shall be at least 10 feet for a one-story
structure; 15 feet for a two-story structure; or a distance equal to the
height of the hale, whichever is more. The minimum separation
between two hale shall be at least 10 feet or a distance equal to the
height of the taller hale.
X202.4 Hale Noa. Hale noa structures may only be constructed on
property where a separate residence exists on the property.
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SECTION X203
ALLOWABLE AND PROHIBITED USES
X203.1 Allowable uses. To the extent permitted by other applicable
law, allowable uses for hale structures shall be in accordance with
Table X203.1.
TABLE X203.1
ALLOWABLE USE FOR EACH HALE TYPE
Hale
Hale Ku‘ai Hale Noa Hale Wa‘a
Use
Halawai
Eating (ai) Allowed Allowed Not permitted Allowed
Assembling
Allowed Allowed Not permitted Allowed
(halawai)
Sleeping Not Not Not
Allowed
(moe) permittedpermitted permitted
Retailing
(e.g., fruits) Allowed Allowed Not permitted Allowed
(ku‘ai)
Storage Not
Allowed Not permitted Allowed
(papa‘a) permitted
X203.2 Prohibited uses and activities. The following uses and
activities shall be prohibited from occurring within or near the hale:
(1) Cooking.
(2) Open flames.
(3) Generators.
(4) Extension cords.
(5) Electrical switches, fixtures, or outlets.
(6) Plumbing faucets, fixtures, or drains.
(7) Power tools.
(8) No screen, mesh, plastic or any other similar material shall
be attached to the hale.
(9) Hale shall not be used as a food establishment as defined in
the administrative rules adopted by the State of Hawai‘i,
Department of Health.
X203.3 Maintenance. The hale shall be maintained by the owner to
ensure structural integrity. Repairs for maintenance of the hale shall
not require additional building permits.
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SECTION X301
FIRE PROTECTION
X301.1 Fire protection classifications. Fire protection for
Indigenous Hawaiian architecture structures shall be as required in
Table X301.1.
TABLE X301.1
FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS BASED ON SETBACK
FIRE
PROTECTION
CLASS SETBACK REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS
The structure (or a group of structures) is:
1. Located at least 100 feet from any existing
structure on the same or neighboring properties;
and
2. Located at least 100 feet from any property line,
except as follows:
a. If the property line abuts a public way, the
100 feet minimum setback for that property
line shall be reduced by the width of the
No fire protection is
public way,
A required for the
b. If the property line abuts the shoreline, the
structure.
minimum setback for that property line shall
be the shoreline setback, or
c. For any Hale Ku‘ai in the agricultural district
that is less than 200 square feet, that is
completely open on three sides, and that is
used as an agricultural products stand and if
the property line abuts a public way, the
minimum setback for that property line shall
be 15 feet.
Automatic fire
sprinkler system
shall be installed in
The structure (or a group of structures) that
accordance with
conforms to applicable zoning setback
B design standards in
requirements but does not satisfy Class A setback
Section X301.2. An
requirements.
electrical permit is
required for fire
sprinklers systems.
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-3-26
X301.2 Automatic fire sprinklers. The design standards for
automatic fire sprinklers for Class B indigenous Hawaiian
architecture structures shall be in accordance with NFPA 13.
Exception: The design standards for automatic fire sprinklers for
Class B indigenous Hawaiian architecture structures shall be
permitted as follows:
(1) 18 gallons per minute for a single head at 140 square feet
maximum coverage of roof area.
(2) 13 gallons per minute for each subsequent head at 140 square
feet maximum coverage of roof area per head.
(3) The minimum supply pressure at the base of the riser shall
not be less than 40 pounds per square inch.
(4) The minimum residual pressure at the highest sprinkler
shall be not less than 12 pounds per square inch.
(5) Sprinkler head spacing shall not exceed 14 feet.
(6) Sprinkler heads shall be open type upright, pendent, or
sidewall with 1/2-inch or 17/32-inch orifice and have a wax
corrosion resistant coating.
(7) The total number of sprinklers on a branch shall not exceed 6
heads.
(8) The total number of sprinklers shall not exceed the quantity
shown in the following table:
Piping Size Number of Sprinklers
1 inch diameter 2 sprinklers
1-1/4 inch diameter 3 sprinklers
1-1/2 inch diameter 5 sprinklers
2 inch diameter 10 sprinklers
2-1/2 inch diameter 30 sprinklers
3 inch diameter 60 sprinklers
(9) The above pipe schedule shall not apply to hydraulically
designed systems.
(10) The water density shall not be less than 0.10 gpm per square
foot.
(11) The source of water may be by domestic water meters,
detector check meter, underground well, storage tank,
swimming pool, ponds, etc., but must meet the design
requirements for adequate pressure and duration.
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§ 5A-3-26 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
(12) Water supply shall be sufficient to provide 30 minutes
duration.
(13) If domestic water meters are used as the source of water for
the fire sprinklers, without a storage tank and booster pump,
the maximum number of heads shall not exceed the following
table:
Size of Water Meter Number of Sprinklers
5/8 inch water meter 1 sprinkler
3/4inch water meter2 sprinklers
1 inch water meter 3 sprinklers
1-1/2 inch water meter 7 sprinklers
2 inch water meter 11 sprinklers
3 inch water meter 27 sprinklers
(14) The piping material shall be hard drawn copper with silver
solder or brazed fittings, or carbon steel with corrosion-
resistant coatings. Plastic pipes shall not be allowed, except
for below grade supply pipes.
(15) Fire sprinkler system shall be actuated by smoke detectors
located at the highest points of the roof and spaced as
recommended by the manufacturer.
(16) Flow control valves shall be either hydraulically or
electrically operated with a manual override switch.
(17) Where the width of a roof exceeds the width allowed for one
row of sprinklers, two or more rows of sprinklers shall be
placed such that the entire roof area is protected.
(18) Prevailing wind direction shall be considered in the
placement of sprinklers.
(19) Deflectors for sprinklers shall be parallel with the roof
surface or tilted slightly towards the peak of the roof.
(20) Fire sprinklers system shall have a local alarm activated by a
smoke detector.
X301.3 Certification of water supply. For any hale that requires
fire protection pursuant to X301.1, the applicant shall provide a
certification from a licensed engineer or a licensed C-20 contractor
that the water supply for the fire sprinkler system has been tested
and is capable of delivering the required fire flow for 30 minutes
duration.
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X302 Smoke alarm. Any hale used for sleeping shall have an
approved battery operated smoke alarm installed in the hale.
SECTION X401
DESIGN STANDARDS
X401.1 General design standards. All types of hale shall be
designed and constructed in accordance with the standards set out in
this section.
(1) The minimum diameter size of all structural members shall
be measured at the member’s midpoint, except that the
minimum diameter size of posts shall be measured at the
smaller end. For structure sizes not specifically shown in the
tables, the requirements in the next larger width size shall be
applicable.
(2) The specifications for structural members were estimated
based on no wind loads. Hale shall be constructed to allow all
thatching materials to separate from the structure prior to
adding significant loads.
(3) The mix formula for mortar specified in these rules shall be
one part portland cement, four parts clean sand, and
sufficient fresh water to make the mixture workable.
(4) Every hale, except Hale Noa, shall have at least two sides
completely open.
(5) Lashing and thatching methods shall comply with
illustrations found in “Arts and Crafts of Hawai‘i” or “The
Hawaiian Grass House in Bishop Museum.”
X402 Allowable designs. Hale shall be designed and constructed in
accordance with the requirements in Sections 402.1 through 402.4.
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§ 5A-3-26 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
X402.1 Hale Halawai. Each end of the Hale Halawai may be open or
thatched. The ends may also be constructed with a thatched roof hip
as an alternate design. Hale Halawai shall be designed in accordance
with the following schematics and illustrations. Structural
components for Hale Halawai shall meet the size and spacing
requirements in Table X402.1(a). Foundations for Hale Halawai shall
be designed in accordance with Table X402.1(b).
HALE HALAWAI
Open End Style
HALE HALAWAI
Thatched End Style
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B UILDING C ODE§ 5A-3-26
FRAMING SCHEMATIC
TABLE X402.1(a)
SIZE AND SPACING REQUIREMENTS
FOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS USED IN HALE HALAWAI
Pou KukunaKuaiole
Pou Pou
Maximum Maximum
Size
&PouomanuO‘a&KauhuhuLohelau
KihiHana
post rafter
Pou KahaHolo
W x L x
spacingspacing
H
(feet)(feet)
Minimum Diameter (inches)
12' x
43½443½2½3353
20' x 7'
14' x
444½4½3½2½33½53
24' x 7'
24' x
54½4½4½42½33½53
30' x 7'
25' x
5½55½5½42½33½53
50' x 7'
30' x
65½664½2½3453
60' x 7'
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-3-26
TABLE X402.1(b)
FOUNDATION DESIGN FOR HALE HALAWAI
Foundation Type
Size
Kahua Pa Pohaku Pou Kanu
(W x L x H)
Diameter x Width x Height x Diameter x
Height Length Depth
12' x 20' x 7' 2'6"W x 2'8"H x 4'0"L
14' x 24' x 7' 2'6"W x 2'8"H x 4'0"L
24' x 30' x 7' 3'0"W x 3'0"H x 4'0"L
25' x 50' x 7' 3'0"W x 3'0"H x 4'0"L
30' x 60' x 7' 3'0"W x 3'3"H x 4'0"L
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§ 5A-3-26H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
X402.2 Hale Ku‘ai. Hale Ku‘ai shall be designed in accordance with
the following schematics and illustrations. Structural components for
Hale Ku‘ai shall meet the size and spacing requirements in Table
X402.2(a). Foundations for Hale Ku‘ai shall be designed in accordance
with Table X402.2(b).
HALE KU‘AI
SHED STYLE
HALE KU‘AI
GABLE STYLE
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B UILDING C ODE§ 5A-3-26
FRAMING SCHEMATIC 1
FRAMING SCHEMATIC 2
TABLE X402.2(a)
SIZE AND SPACING REQUIREMENTS
FOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS USED IN HALE KU‘AI
Maximum
Pou
Pou Pou Pouo
Kuaiole
Size
rafter
aabb
KihiKahaHanaManu
O‘a&KauhuhuLohelau
(W x L x H)spacing
Holo
(feet)
Minimum Diameter (inches)
5' x 10' x 5'433432324
9' x 12' x 5'4334323½24
12' x 16' x 5'4½3½443½242½4
14' x 20' x 5'4½3½443½2½4½2½4
a.The maximum post spacing for pou kihi and pou kaha is five feet.
b.Themaximum post spacing for pou hana and pouomanu is twelve feet.
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TABLE X402.2(b)
FOUNDATION DESIGN FOR HALE KU‘AI
Foundation Type
Size
KahuaPa PohakuPou Kanu
(W x L x H)
Diameter x Width x Height x Diameter x
HeightLengthDepth
5' x 10' x 5'2'6"W x 2'0"H x 4'0"L
9' x 12' x 5'2'6"W x 2'0"H x 4'0"L
12' x 16' x 5'2'6"W x 2'8"H x 4'0"L
14' x 20' x 5'2'6"W x 2'8"H x 4'0"L
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B UILDING C ODE§ 5A-3-26
402.3 Hale Noa. Hale Noa shall have at least two openings. One
opening shall be at least 3 feet wide and 5 feet high, and the other
opening shall be at least 2 feet wide and 3 feet high. Hale Noa shall
be designed in accordance with the following schematics and
illustrations. Structural components for Hale Noa shall meet the size
and spacing requirements in Table X402.3(a). Foundations for Hale
Noa shall be designed in accordance with Table X402.3(b).
HALE NOA
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FRAMING SCHEMATIC
TABLE X402.3(a)
SIZE AND SPACING REQUIREMENTS
FOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS USED IN HALE NOA
Pou
Kukuna
Kuaiole
Pou Pou
Maximum Maximum
&PouomanuO‘a&KauhuhuLohelau
Size
KihiHana
post rafter
Pou Holo
W x L x Hspacingspacing
Kaha
(feet)(feet)
Minimum Diameter (inches)
9' x 12' x 7'3½34332½3½2½64
12' x 20' x 7'44½433½2½3½2½64
4' x 24' x 7'5½4½433½2½3½364
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B UILDING C ODE§ 5A-3-26
402.4 Hale Wa‘a. Hale Wa‘a shall be designed in accordance with the
following schematics and illustrations. Structural components for Hale
Wa‘a shall meet the size and spacing requirements in Table X402.4.
HALE WA‘A
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FRAMING SCHEMATIC
TABLE X402.4
SIZE AND SPACING REQUIREMENTS
FOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS USED IN HALE WA‘A
Spacing Minimum
Kuaiole
Size
O‘aKauhuhu
&
between ridge
(W x L)
Holo
RaftersHeight (H)
20' x 60'4"3"4"4' to 5'22½'
25' x 60'5"3"4"4' to 5'27½'
30' X 60'5½" 3"4"4' to 5'27½'
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B UILDING C ODE§ 5A-3-26
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-3-26
Section 5A-3-27.Repealed.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3; rep 2021, ord 21-61, sec 19.) 5A-3-27
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§ 5A-4-1 H AWAI‘I C OUNTY C ODE
Article 4. Building Work Within Special Flood Hazard Areas.
Section 5A-4-1. General applicability.
(a) The provisions of this article shall apply to new construction or the renovation and
major alteration, addition, or reinstallation of any existing buildings or structures,
within a special flood hazard area as identified by chapter 27, Hawai‘i County Code.
All construction work shall comply with chapter 16 of the International Building
Code, and chapter 27, Floodplain Management.
(b) The provisions of this article shall not apply to the following:
(1) Any building or structure exempted from chapter 27;
(2) Any building or structure which has been granted a flood control variance
pursuant to article 5, chapter 27; or
(3) Any building or structure lawfully existing prior to November 8, 1993, subject
to the provisions of chapter 27.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-4-1
Section 5A-4-2. Definitions.
As used in this article, unless it is apparent from the context that a different
meaning is intended:
“Base flood elevation” means the water surface elevation of the base flood.
“Flood or flooding” means:
(1) A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of
normally dry land areas from:
(A) The overflow of inland or tidal waters;
(B) The unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any
source; or
(C) Mudslides (i.e., mudflows) which are approximately caused by flooding as
defined in paragraph (1)(B) of this definition and are akin to a river of
liquid and flowing mud on the surfaces of normally dry land areas, as
when earth is carried by a current of water and deposited along the path
of the current; or
(2) The collapse or subsidence of land along the shore of a lake or other body of
water as a result of erosion or undermining caused by waves or currents of
water exceeding anticipated cyclical levels or suddenly caused by an unusually
high water level in a natural body of water, accompanied by a severe storm, or
by an unanticipated force of nature, such as flash flood or an abnormal tidal
surge, or by some similarly unusual and unforeseeable event which results in
flooding as defined in paragraph (1)(A) of this definition.
“Special flood hazard area” means an area having special flood or flood-related
erosion hazards, and shown on the Flood Insurance Rate Maps as Zones A, AO, AE,
A99, AH, VE, or V.
“Water-tight” when referring to construction below the inundation level, means
constructed to exclude moisture and withstand the hydraulic pressure resulting from
the anticipated depth of inundation.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-4-2
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B UILDING C ODE § 5A-4-3
Section 5A-4-3. General requirements.
Contractor will provide a certified flood zone elevation mark on jobsite for flood
zone elevation reference point.
(2020, ord 20-61, sec 3.) 5A-4-3
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