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RES 746 Draft 01 2018-2020
4-;,;:., COUNTY OF HAWAII 6''=ft I.- STATE OF HAWAII r --------------yNr .-.TE•Of•+N___ RESOLUTION NO. 746 20 A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE HAWAII ISLAND VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN. WHEREAS, Vision Zero is a comprehensive strategy to eliminate all traffic deaths and severe injuries while promoting safe, healthy, and equitable mobility for all; and WHEREAS, the fundamental message of Vision Zero is that all traffic deaths are preventable and unacceptable; and WHEREAS, the Council on October 19, 2011, pursuant to Hawai`i Revised Statutes Section 264-20.5, approved Resolution No. 171-11, Draft 2, adopting a "Complete Streets" policy, in support of safe mobility for all roadway users in Hawai`i County; and WHEREAS, Mayor Harry Kim issued a proclamation on February 1, 2019, adopting the goal of Vision Zero to eliminate traffic deaths on Hawai`i Island, and establishing a Vision Zero Safety Task Force to develop a Hawaii Island Vision Zero Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the Council approved Resolution No. 38-19 on February 20, 2019, adopting the goals, strategies, and policies of Vision Zero, and supporting the development of a Hawai`i Island Vision Zero Action Plan; and WHEREAS, Governor David Ige on June 25, 2019, approved Act 134, which established Hawai`i Revised Statutes Section 286-7.5, requiring the Hawai`i Department of Transportation and the counties to "adopt a Vision Zero policy that seeks to prevent and ultimately eliminate all traffic fatalities through a combination of engineering, enforcement, education, and emergency response strategies that focus on equity"; and WHEREAS, Act 134 also required the Hawai`i Highway Safety Council, in collaboration with each of the county traffic or highway safety councils, to develop an action plan to reduce traffic fatalities to zero, and to submit a final report to the Legislature no later than twenty days prior to the convening of the 2021 regular session; and WHEREAS, the County's Vision Zero Safety Task Force met in 2019 and 2020, engaging representatives from the Blue Zones Project, the Liquor Commission, the Mayor's Active Living Advisory Committee, Peoples Advocacy for Trails Hawai`i (PATH), the Department of Education, the Department of Health, the Department of Transportation, the University of Hawai`i, the Hawai`i County Council, the Fire Department, the Department of Information Technology, the Liquor Department, the Mass Transit Agency, the Planning Department, the Police Department, and the Department of Public Works; and WHEREAS, the Vision Zero Safety Task Force analyzed traffic safety data for risk factors, and developed a Hawai`i Island Vision Zero Action Plan focusing on evaluation, engineering, education, encouragement, and enforcement; now, therefore, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE COUNTY OF HAWAII that the Hawai`i Island Vision Zero Action Plan as attached to this resolution and marked as Exhibit "A", is adopted to guide the elimination of traffic deaths in Hawai`i County. BE IT FINALLY RESOLVED that the County Clerk shall transmit a copy of this resolution to the Honorable David Ige, Governor; Jade Butay, Director, Hawai`i Department of Transportation; Karen Kahikina, designated chair of the Hawaii Highway Safety Council; the Honorable Mayor of Hawai`i County; the Planning Director; the Public Works Director; and Tina Clothier, PATH Executive Director. Dated at Kona Hawai`i, this 6th day of November 20 20. INTRODUCED BY: 7. 10gra, CIL MEMBER, C 17-11A AI I COUNTY COUNCIL ROLL CALL VOTE County of Hawaii AYES NOES ABS EX Hilo, Hawai`i CHUNG X DAVID X I hereby certify that the foregoing RESOLUTION was by EOFF X the vote indicated to the right hereof adopted by the COUNCIL ofthe County of Hawai`i on November 6, 2020 KANEALI`I-KLEINFELDER X KIERKIEWICZ X LEE LOY X ATTEST: POINDEXTER X RICHARDS X VILLEGAS X 9 0 0 0 Reference: C-1099/PWMTC-27 UNTY LERK - • PERSON & PRESIDING O FICER RESOLUTION NO. 746 20 2 EXHIBIT A E7,' September 2020 PICOM Saf e What is Vision Zero? Vision Zero is a strategy to eliminate all traffic fatalities and severe injuries, while increasing safe, healthy, equitable mobility for all. VisionZeroNetwork.org" IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have herew caused the seal of the County of Hawai' hereto. DONE at Hilo, Hawaii, Hawaii On this 1st day of February, 2019 HARRY KIM Mayor, County of Hawaii ACRONYMS BAC: Blood Alcohol Content CW County of Hawaii DCCA: Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs Hawaii County Department of Liquor Control LSE= Hawaii State Department of Education DOr Hawaii State Department of Health rPW Hawaii County Department of Public Works DRE: Drug Recognition Expert DU Driving Under the Influence Ek: Emergency Room FARC Fatality Analysis Reporting System rlL:C Hawai'i Community College nI Hawaii State Department of Transportation Hawaii County Fire Department HIPI Hawaii Public Health Institute HN' Hilo Medical Center HPD: Hawaii County Police Department County of Hawaii Information Technology KU. Kona Community Hospital LES Light Emitting Diode RAA I A i Mayor's Active Living Advisory Committee M7A' Hawaii County Mass Transit Agency Waff North Hawaii Community Hospital NH 15A' National Highway Traffic Safety Administration N(;SA L National Center for Statistics and Analysis PA I Peoples Advocacy for Trails Hawaii PSA: Public Service Announcement SRTS: Safe Route to School UH Hilc- University of Hawaii at Hilo VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled VZ Task Force: Vision Zero Task Force VISION ZERO TASK FORCE The Vision Zero Task Force was created by the Hawaii County Council in February 2019 with the goal of bringing multiple perspectives to how Hawaii County can improve traffic safety. The following departments, agencies, community groups, and individuals participated in the Vision Zero Task Force. In addition, Peter Koonce served as a consultant to the Task Force. Community Groups Hawaii County Departments: Commissions, Councils, Committees, Coalitions) EMS Fire Department Blue Zones Project Information Technology Liquor Commission Liquor Department MALAC Mass Transit AgencygY PATH Planning Department Hawai' State Agencies: Police Department Department of Education Public Works Department Department of Health Department of Transportation University of Hawaii u w S 3 Y 1 ur fi Alp- il Vision Zero Task Force: Individuals/Organizations LastFirst I I toll; III I tmll IT I 17111, I I I I I I I I I I I I I eggs Organization Igo III@ @Igo go I Bell I It I I I I I I else let I I I I less I 112111MI I I I I @I Ancheta Sally HIPHI Autura Erhard HPD Benes Kari DOH Carreira Brenda MT Cassidy, MD Scott KCH Clothier Tina PATH Correia Chris HPD Dela Cruz Jason DOH Pincher Louise HMC Gobeyn Rene HCC Gonzalez Brandon DLC Hansen -Smith Heidi DOH Hara Vern HFD Harlan Bill DOE Honda Chris HFD Ignacio Carol MALAC Keltner Torey HPD Kimura Alan HPD Kurokawa Brad MALAC Laukea Matthew L IT Lee Loy Sue County Council Mierzwa Peggy Blue Zones Nahalea Shelby Liquor Commission Norris Kevin IT Ogata Shelly County Council Okinaka Darwin HFD Overlan Valerie PATH Perreira Robert HFD Rosario Darren HFD Roth Mitch Prosecutor's Office Sakai Marcia UH Hilo Seymour Chris MALAC Simeon Allan DPW Soriano Natasha COH Planning Strauss Paul DOH Sur Peter County Council Surprenant April COH Planning Takase Gerald DLC Takemoto Roy Mayor's Office Takiue Harry HDOT Ung Jules IT Vandenraadt Nicholas NHCH Wagner Wendi I(CH Yamamoto David DPW Yee Michael COH Planning ME ar a_ a, d J low 0- rc w a 10 y w wed Y w '' ' M S M AF r "'4."e'4 » h' ". .. rt w w „ a u Law of the Splintered Paddle Oh people, Honor thy god; respect alike [the rights of] people both great and humble; May everyone, from the old men and women to the children Be free to go forth and lie in the road Without fear of harm. Break this law, and die. HAWAII ISLAND VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN Table of Contents WHY VISION ZERO?, a a a a a a a a a 9 a a a a . . . PAGE 1 CURRENT SITUATION ................PAGE 5 ROAD MAP TO CHANGE........... PAGE 27 TAKING ACTION................. ........PAGE 31 IVIISSION STATEMENT Working together, we can eliminate all traffic fatalities and severe injuries while increasing SAFE, HEALTHY, and EQUITABLE MOBILITY for all. 14 s f s ^ z i w r a L W aw. ,yam ',s, ti , ° . _ C '*r • 4 Y dy x r f a. r 1 W gIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllluiii"""" """"iiiilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII- IIITIIIIIIIIIII `""""iiiillllllllllll Illllllllllliiii""""""""""iiiilllllllllllllllllllllllliiii"""""" Illllllllllllllllliiii"""""" .,. IIIIIIIIIIIIIII , , __ T 1) WHYVISION ZERO• - -- _ _so For too long, we've considered traffic deaths and severe injuries to be inevitable - -- ysideeffectsofmodernlife. While often referred to as "accidents, the realit is that we can prevent these tragedies by taking a proactive, preventativ approach that prioritizes traffic safety as a public health issue The significant loss of life exacts a tragic toll, extending beyond personal deep community impacts, including personal economic costs and emotional trauma to those suffering; and significant taxpayer spending on emergency response and long-term healthcare costs. And because so many fear for their safety on our streets, there is no true freedom of mobility, and, as a result, we compromise our public health with increasing rates of sedentary diseases and higher carbon emissions. The Hawai'i Island Vision Zero Action Plan establishes a road map to eliminate traffic deaths on its streets. It represents a shift in transportation philosophy to prioritize the preservation of human life over the convenience of travelling quickly on streets across our island. While these changes won't always be easy, we are guided by the determination to save lives and reduce injuries for • residents and families. Traditional Approach VISION Traffic deaths are INEVITABLE PERFECT human behavior JNa i2L1Ir±11: F1 1%1 &.P Prevent CRASHES VS Prevent FATAL AND SEVERE CR FINDIVIDUALresponsibility > SYSTEMS approach Saving lives is EXPENSIVE %_ > Saving lives is NOT- WHAT IS VISION ZERO? Vision Zero is a transportation safety philosophy that was developed in Sweden in the late 1990s to eliminate traffic deaths and serious injuries in the transportation system. Through its Vision Zero efforts, Sweden has reduced traffic fatalities by half, making it one of the safest places to travel in the world. A central tenet of Vision Zero is that people should not be killed or seriously injured as a consequence of mobility. Vision Zero recognizes that humans make mistakes and therefore the transportation system be designed to minimize the consequences of those errors. Cities, counties and states across the U.S. have adopted Vision Zero goals and developed plans for eliminating traffic deaths. While Vision Zero efforts in the U.S. share common principles with Sweden's policy, each agency has adapted the approach to their unique circumstances and needs'. The federal government and many states, including the Hawaii Department of Transportation, have also committed to a goal of reducing traffic fatalities, providing additional support for this initiative. ealthy, sustainable transportation. 2. Traffic deaths and severe injuries are acknowledged to be preventable. 3. Human life and public health are prioritized within all aspects of the transportation system. 4. Acknowledgment that human error is inevitable, and transportation systems should be forgiving. 5. Safety work should focus on systems -level changes above influencing individual behavior. 6. Mitigation of speed is recognized and prioritized as the fundamental factor in crash severity. 7. Solutions should be prioritized in areas with the most vulnerable populations. 8. Communities should have a voice in defining issues and developing solutions for their community, with particular focus on engaging disadvantaged and vulnerable populations. Source: Adapted from VisionZeroNetwork. org) 1 VisionZeroNetwork.org PPM-- aamodiumpow- DI For the past several years, Hawai'i County has had the highest percentage of traffic fatalities per capita in the state (see Figure 1). The number of fatal traffic crashes on Hawaii Island has remained steady as Vehicle Miles Travelled across the state increased over the years (see Figure 2). However, a significant reduction in traffic fatalities was realized in a corresponding timeframe where Vehicle Miles Travelled dipped, showing a correlation between a reduction in passenger vehicle travel and lives lost. FIGURE 1, STATE OF HAWAII TRAFFIC FATALITIES PER CAPITA (YEARS 2003-2017) 4- 30% UL U (0 * W, 00000, 20 % '0 CL0 0 (D CL 10% LV ft ' A.or 00 , LM 00 OL YEAR 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Hawail Kauai ------ Maui Honolulu Counties 40 35 0 T 30 0 25 20 u 10 10E 3 Z 5 FIGURE 2. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES (YEARS 2000-2019) 12,500 12,000 tu 11,500 0 11,000 E 10,500 10,000 (0 9,500 9,000 U W 8,500 > 8,000 YEAR2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012, 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 0 Hawaii Island Fatal Traffic Collisions —Annual Vehicle Miles Travelled in State of HawaiLi (Million Miles) 3 IHawai'i Island Fatal Traffic Trendline k; _ .._ , t. r o';irlf' I mi I iifIi I ( w rya I yF it Collaboration with the Hawaii County Police Department (HPD) and the State Department of Health (DOH) yielded data on all traffic crashes and fatalities on Hawaii Island roads. However, limitations in the breadth of the data did not allow for a meaningful analysis of potential solutions to the traffic fatality epidemic. Additional data was sought through the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Fatality Analysis Reporting System (EARS) which included specifics regarding factors associated with each crash (i.e., location, speed, time, mode) as well as the individuals involved (i.e., impairment, age, gender, race). This allowed for a more thorough analysis of historical crash data which yielded the results herein. It is acknowledged that as a rural island with a relatively small, spread -out, residential population, the number of traffic fatalities per year is low which increases the margin of error year-to-year. To address this, a minimum of five years of historical data was sought where possible to help identify trends versus outliers. This data analysis served as the starting point for developing this action plan. For a more in-depth assessment of the factors associated with these crashes, additional data was sought and obtained from the NHTSA National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA), to provide a comparison of results for the State of Hawaii and the entire United States (U.S.). The latest demographics associated with each community were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. 5 DATA SOURCES Where available, fatal traffic crash data from the years 2013-2019 was analyzed in a systems based approach in an effort to identify correlations in data so as to inform those working to prevent traffic deaths. Maps and figures herein were prepared using the following data sources: 1. Hawaii County Police Department Years 2014 through 2018 data included location, when provided, of major motor vehicle traffic crashes. Details on the cause or results of the traffic crash were not provided with this data. At times, locations were represented only by the road and nearest town in which the crash occurred, with no reference to cross -street or road mile post. Year 2019 data was limited to the date and general location of the fatal traffic crash which were used to research additional information from online news articles. 2. Hawaii Department of Transportation Miles of roadway owned by the State of Hawaii, County of Hawaii, Federal Government, or "other" (often less -used roads, reflective of private roads or roads in limbo). 3. NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System Years 2013 through 2018 data included the specific locations of fatal motor vehicle traffic crashes with pedestrians, bicycles, or other motor vehicles. Data included demographics of persons involved in the crash, transportation modes involved, day and time of crash, and potential factors associated with the crash (i.e., drugs, alcohol, speed) notated by the crash report. 4. N HTSA National Center for Statistics and Analysis Years 2013 through 2017 data included the average percentage of traffic related fatalities within the State of Hawaii and nationally, associated with speed, alcohol use, and time of day. U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey Five -Year Estimates, from the years 2013 through 2017, included race, population, and commuter mode share estimates per county. I 0 EQUITY Equity is a commitment to acknowledging, evaluating and repairing the disparate impact of historic oppression and exclusion on vulnerable communities. This plan acknowledges that streets and highway investments have not always been multimodal and that some investments have resulted in disproportionately adverse effects on minority and low-income communities'. Vision Zero principles recognize the right of all people to access safe, healthy, sustainable transportation, and the need to address inequities through prioritizing the needs of vulnerable populations. To facilitate this, the DOH provided the following list (see Figure 3) of Hawai' i island Communities of Concern" based on household income, language, unemployment, and education. The highest ranked communities are those with the greatest socioeconomic disparities, as identified in the Hawaii Island SocioNeeds Index, and therefore should be prioritized in addressing identified inequities in the COH system and transportation network. FIGURE 3. HAWAII ISLAND COMMUNITY SOCIONEEDS INDEX Community Zip Code Inde Community Zip Cade Indic Pahoa 96778 Kaaau 96755 Pahala 96777 Volcano 96785 Kurtitown 96760 Paauilo 96776 Naalehu 96772 Honok _______ wWW_wWW' 9677 PapaaI oa 96780 Holualoa 96725 Okla 96774 Hillo 96720 Hawi 96719 foun ainVe '_--96771 Halalau 96710 Captain Cook 96704 Hnrnu 96728 Pepeekeo 96783 Kailua Kona 96740 Keaau 96749 Keallakekua 96750 1 Laupaho hoe 96764 Kamuela 96743 Papaik u 96781 Waik oloa 96738 1 Source: 2019 SocioNeeds Index, Hawaii Department of Health Retrievedfrom http://www.17owai healthroatters.org/indexphp?moduie=indicotors controtter=index&action=socioneeds 1 1 3 4 Greater Need highest index values are estimated to have the highest socioeconomic need) 14ft '%+ """l"'° 1. https://www.transportation.gov/transportation-policy/environmental-justice/environmental-justice-strategy N COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN When analyzing the residing zip codes of motorists involved in fatal traffic crashes, it was found that the majority (87%) of those involved are residents of Hawaii Island (see Figure 4). This means that fatal traffic crashes have a reverberating impact throughout the community, affecting family, friends, and neighbors of those who fell victim to these senseless traffic deaths. Delving further into the data on the race of the deceased, it was found that Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders are three times more likely to be killed on Hawai'i Island roads than whites (see Figure 5). Map 1 identifies the cumulative residing zip codes of the Hawaii Island resident drivers involved in a fatal traffic crash between the years 2013 and 2019. Included on the map are the location of all fatal traffic crashes during that time period. Communities of concern and the location of available police stations and hospitals have been delineated as well. FIGURE 4. RESIDING ZIP CODE OF MOTORIST INVOLVED IN FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES 4 ,d% Motorists from O Neighbor Island Motorists frorn L 61/0 U.S., Outside of Hawaii Motorists from3%Residence Unknown 87% 4otorists from Iawai`i Island FIGURE 5. COMPARISON OF POPULATION AND FATALITIES FOR DIFFERENT RACES (YEARS 2013-2017) 03 0,6 C3 0.5 ICL tU 0.4 . 0 0 0.3 r Q 0.2 0 0.1 0 POPUWIW100,000) IFatalities White Black or American Asian Chinese African Indian and Indian American Alaskan Native 9 8 7 b—. M 5 LL 2 Poll NA 1*•. •' 04do 0 0 0 Filipino Japanese Korean Vietnamese Other Native Others Asian Hawaiian and Pacific Q Islander 8 MAP 1. RESIDING ZIP CODE OF HAWAI` I ISLAND DRIVERS INVOLVED IN FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES Communities of Concern highest index values are estimated to have 96727 the highest socioeconomic need) 96755 96717O 096719 No Data 1 2 3 4 5 Bet > Greater iI - Aa\0J Need 71 Source: 2019 SocioNeeds Index, Hawaii Department of Health Retrievedfrom: httl),Ilwww.howaiihealtht iatters-orglieidex.php? rr?oduie=it)dicators&coritrolter--index&actiot)=sociot?eeds) 96776 AhfriN 96743 0 2.5 5 967 HONOMUp es 96738 0QFD % 967830 96783 KONA AIRPORT INTERNATIONAL to1-1110 INTERNATIONALHIL© INTAIRPORT no 96740 96749 I(AILUQ ".'%1,', 9672096725 1 WNKONA HAWAIIAN bw MOUNTAIN VlPARADISE PARK 96745 96750 VOLCANO ZOT 0 967 96739 96726 96785 HAWAII 96738 NATIONAL CAPTAIN PARK Cool( 96704 MAP 01,777 Er HAV CA. QST D 9673, LEGEND Fatal Traffic Crash Source, NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2013-2018 Hawaii Police Department and National Park Service, 2019 Numbers of Drivers from the Zipcode Area 96### Boundaries of the Zipcode Area Roads Police Station + Hospital Source: Hawaii statewalde GIS program VULNERABLE ROADWAY USERS Over the past seven years, people traveling by foot, bicycle, or motorcycle/moped have a much greater likelihood of being killed than those in automobiles (see Figure 6). Pedestrians are eight times more likely to be killed on Hawaii Island roads than drivers (see Figure 7). Hawaii has historically reported a disproportionately high number of pedestrian deaths for elderly adults as compared to national results'. However, results from Hawai i Island suggest that the percentage of elderly pedestrians killed is roughly proportional to the percentage of elderly adults in the total population. Map 2 identifies the location of each fatal traffic crash by mode between the years 2013 and 2019. Map 3 identifies the location of these High Fatality Corridors and High Fatality Locations in addition to the location of each fatal traffic crash by mode between the years 2013 and 2019. Communities of concern, roadway ownership, and the location of available police stations and hospitals have been delineated as well. FIGURE 6. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY TRAVEL MODE 35 30 co LL 25 U E 20 co0 L— C) C) 10 E 5 z YEAR 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 IIIIIIIIIN Automobile Motorcycle & IIIIIIIIIIN Pedestrian Bicycle Moped Source. NtHTSAFatalityAnalysisReporting System (FARS). 2013.2018. Courtly ofHaruaYi Pot" Departmeint, FatalTraffic Collisions Data, 2019 167 Fatal Trattic Collisions 2013-201404V fro °Ire oflislons withautomrabi Collisions Willa 04 Malofcycle & Moped FIGURE 7. HAWAII COUNTY COMMUTER TRAVEL MODE (YEAR 2017) 87%` Automobile a 1. Dangerous by Design Hawaii (Smart Growth America, 2014) Bicycle Ot 0.44% 2017 IV, Commuter Travel Mode 0 Wolk P'62.3% Motorcycle11040 & Moped 0. 5 5 % Transit 1,52% Others 8.5% Includes driving alone, carpooling and taxi 10Source: Census Bureau's API for American Community Survey, 2017 See Inset Map B KONA INTERNIVIONAL. AIRPORT 0 KAILUA ICONA LEGEND, 0 Fatal Traffic Crash with 0 Fatal Traffic Crash with 0 Fatal Traffic Crash with Pedestrian Source'. NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2013-2018 Hawaii Police Department and National Park Service, 2019 County Roads (919 miles) State Roads (383 miles) Federal Roads (72 miles) Other Roads (1,539 miles) Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation Police Station + Hospital Source: Hawaii statewaide GIS program CAPTAIN Cool( HONOKAA k PAAUILTJ v KAMUELA" PAAUILO 0 PAHALA 0 0 0 0 b 0 HAWAII NATIONAL PARK N- Z 5 0 MAP 2. FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES Communities of Concern highest index values are estimated to have the highest socioeconomic need) No Data 1 2 3 4 5 4 Greater Need Source; 2019 SocioNeeds Index, Hawai'i Department of HealthHOERetrievedfrom: Fittp,-IlwwwhowaiiheallF?tnotters.orylit)dex.php? t7iodule=it7dicator5&controtter=inckx&cxtion=socionced5) PAALOA HONOMU N HAKALAU 0 2.5 5 lmmmmmKz::= PEPEEKEO Miles PAPAIKOU See Inset Map A f , . HILO + 0* IN FERNATHILOIONAL AIRPORT I(EAAU MOUN VOLCANO INTERNATIQNA AIRPORT CU 0 Kao-minani Dr X0 0 0 0 00 If00 KAILUX HIGH FATALITY NETWORK The High Fatality Network is a collection of roadway corridors and "hot -spot" locations that have the largest concentration of traffic related fatalities on Hawai' i Island roads. Focusing Vision Zero efforts on the deadliest roads and in the most vulnerable communities is a fiscally responsible use of limited personnel and funding. While the State of Hawaii owns only 28% of all linear -miles of roadway on Hawai' i Island, 67% of all fatal traffic crashes occurred on these state-owned roads (see Figure 8). High Fatality Corridors are reflective of continuous roadway segments with the highest percentage of fatal traffic crashes per mile on Hawaii Island. End points were chosen at likely termini such as intersections or changes in road typology/geometrics. Where clusters of fatal traffic crashes were found to be isolated from all major traffic crashes, the area was considered a High Fatality Location. In general, the roadways with the highest percentage of fatal traffic crashes per mile also had the highest density of major traffic crashes. These tended to be on the high-speed, high-volume arterials. However, there were some exceptions, which are likely to be more a result of roadway geometry or topography. Map 3 identifies the location of these High Fatality Corridors and High Fatality Locations in addition to the location of each fatal traffic crash by mode between the years 2013 and 2019. From this, it was derived that 14% of state-owned linear miles of road and 1 % of County -owned linear miles of road fell along a high fatality corridor. Communities of concern, roadway ownership, and the location of available police stations and hospitals have been delineated as well. FIGURE 8. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES vs. ROADWAY OWNERSHIP 2% WON 0 ( Occurred on T YoFederallyowned ` """ roads 1,, iL,,il Others 4% Occurred on State owned roads 67% o Countyfpownedroads Federally owned roads qq'r Roadway Ownership 28 °/o State owned roads Source: State of IHawah Department ofTransportation Source: NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2013-2018; County of HawaiJ Police Department, 12FatalTrafficCollisionsData, 2019 HAWI KAPAAU 27 25 let- _fIV,0.1f MAP 3. HIGH FATALITY NETWORK Communities of Concern highest index values are estimated to have 1,Z4U) HONOKAA the highest socioeconomic need) 4/500, Ha" f)AAUILO 19 1 3 4 5rNoData 44 00 0 LA 4 Greater 0 Need19 LAUPAHOEHOE(Source: 2019 SocioNeeds Index, Hawaii Department ofHealth Ohl Pram: http,,Ilwww.howaiihealthrnatters.org/ir)dex.php? k rnoduie=indicators&controllct=it?de,.-<&action=socioneeds) WAIKOLOA 190 PAPAALOA HONOMU N HAKALAUKAMILIELA 144- 0 2.5 5 Miles PAAUILO PEPEEKEO V 0' %% XX INTERNATIONAL. \ AV4 PAPAIKOU See Inset Map A KO'! INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ' 1111 70 0 (1SeeInsetMapB CDO 0 HILO HILO C)o ii4rERNATIONAL 00, AIRPORT 0' I(AILUA ti XEAAU., ICONA HAWA41 NA HOLUALOA MOU'NTAl VOLCANO 0 0 0. PAHOA 0 0 3 HAWAII NATIONAL CL) CAPTAIN PARK Cl) OOK D PAHALA INSET MAP B PAHALA' 19 KON41: - INTERNATIIONA MAN o AlRpdqT kc3'rninani DrANVIEWi; C' 4ESTATES LEGEND High Fatality Corri t * ft 00 High Fatality Loca 0 Fatal Traffic Crasl Source- NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)T 2013-2018 Hawaii Police Department and National Park Service, 2019 County Roads (919 miles) State Roads (383 miles) Federal Roads (72 miles) Other Roads (1,539 miles) Source, State of Hawaii Department ofTransportation Police Station + Hospital Source- Hawaii statewalde GIS program AveaRa Jerye St am ha HILO INITIERNATIONAL'u AIRPORT HILO puajna o5t HILO Lu ina 05ta FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: MOTOR VEHICLE SPEED Traffic crashes where speed was considered a factor for Hawai i County is in line with the State of Hawai' i, however both are significantly higher than the national average, as 41 % of Hawai' i Island's fatal traffic crashes involved excessive vehicle speed (see Figure 9). The majority of these speed -related traffic crashes occurred on roads with a posted speed limit of 35 mph or less which is lower than the national average (see Figure 10). This data is misleading as faster motor vehicle speeds can be correlated with a higher likelihood of a pedestrian dying if hit. Map 4 identifies the location of speed -related fatal traffic crashes. Communities of concern, roadway ownership, and the location of available police stations and hospitals have been delineated as well FIGURE 9. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY SPEED Spee. d -Related Non -Sped -Related YEAR Traffic ,Collisions Traffic Collisions 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Speed -Related Trak Codi ionw HawaN Island State of Hawaii 42 % Nationwide 2018 . 27U/0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Number of All Fatal Traffic Collisions FIGURE 10. HAWAII ISLAND SPEED RELATED FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY POSTED SPEED Posted Speed Limit 141 Fatal Traffic Collisions 17 46 32 43 3 12% 33% 23% 30% 2% FIGURE 11. IMPACT SPEED & A PEDESTRIAN'S RISK OF SEVERE INJURE OR DEATH 30 20 MPH 40 MPH MPH fff filfffm 13% Likelihood ILikelihood Likelihood of fatality or ` 0 /c of fatality or of fatality or severe injury severe injury severe injury Source: Impact Speed and a Pedestrian's Risk of Severe Injury or Death, Brian Tefft, AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, 2077 14 A I eef 1<6 Years 2013-2018 ov l0 0 4P 58 Fatal Speed -Related 8 22 10 15 Traffic Collisions r414% 17% 2_6_% 111_ 5% 141 Fatal Traffic Collisions 17 46 32 43 3 12% 33% 23% 30% 2% FIGURE 11. IMPACT SPEED & A PEDESTRIAN'S RISK OF SEVERE INJURE OR DEATH 30 20 MPH 40 MPH MPH fff filfffm 13% Likelihood ILikelihood Likelihood of fatality or ` 0 /c of fatality or of fatality or severe injury severe injury severe injury Source: Impact Speed and a Pedestrian's Risk of Severe Injury or Death, Brian Tefft, AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, 2077 14 See Inset Map B KONA INTIERNVIONAI1- AIRPORT W KAILUA ICC NA LEGEND HAWI 70 '25() KAPAAU ON 0 0 wvv-_ 19 -0 WAIMEA 191, MAP 4. FATAL SPEED -RELATED TRAFFIC CRASHES 00 IKAMUELA PAAUILQ HoLUAL®A CAPTAIN ro Cook CL 1&it4 PAHALA PAHALA'+ C7, A Fatal Speed -Related Traffic Crash "47WFatalNon-Speed-Retated Traffic Crash Unknown Source: NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2013-2018 County Roads (919 miles) State Roads (383 (miles) Federal Roads (72 miles) Other Roads (1,539 miles) Source: State of Hawai'l Department of Transportation Poke Station + Hospital Source: Hawaii statewaide GIS program 1 0,5 0 1 MORS WAINPU I f 0 k -*n e0 111- HILO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT rHLO n1ILV uainako St 11111111% = w Communities of Concern HONOKAA highest index values are estimated to have the highest socioeconomic need) PAAUI LO 19 No Data 1 2 3 4 5 K Greater Need LAUPAHOEHOE Source: 2019 SocioNeeds Index, Hawaii Department ofHealth Refrievedfrom: http.11wwwhowoiiheoithtnotter&orglindex.php? module= indicarors&controller=indlextaction =wcioneeds) PAPAALOA VIX/ HONOMU HAKALAU N 0 25 5PEPEEKEMiles01 PAPAIKOU See Inset Map A H:ILOHILOrERNATIONAL AIRPOU KEAAU MURTISTOWN-- HAWAIIAN MGUNTA.11'` ic_V PARADISE PARK VOLCANO - 0 r. 41, PAHO0 0 4Qb- HAWAII NATIONAL PARK PAHALA PAHALA'+ C7, A Fatal Speed -Related Traffic Crash "47WFatalNon-Speed-Retated Traffic Crash Unknown Source: NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2013-2018 County Roads (919 miles) State Roads (383 (miles) Federal Roads (72 miles) Other Roads (1,539 miles) Source: State of Hawai'l Department of Transportation Poke Station + Hospital Source: Hawaii statewaide GIS program 1 0,5 0 1 MORS WAINPU I f 0 k -*n e0 111- HILO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT r HLO n1ILV uainako St 11111111% = w FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: DRIVER IMPAIRMENT Driver impairment (alcohol and/or drugs) was a factor in 56% of all fatal traffic crashes on Hawai' i Island (see Figure 12). Of those fatal traffic crashes where alcohol and/or drugs were a factor, speed was also considered a factor in 43%. Of the drugs identified in the system of the drivers involved in fatal traffic crashes, the most likely types were stimulants (e.g., methamphetamine) and cannabinoids (e.g., marijuana) (see Figure 13). Map 5 identifies the location of driver impaired fatal traffic crashes. Communities of concern, roadway ownership, and the location of available police stations and hospitals have been delineated as well FIGURE 12. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY IMPAIRMENT Fatal Traffic Collision Impairment YEAR Alcohol (only): (only) Alcohol & cru Impaired Driver Fatal Ikon Im::ir d Driver Drug Trafific Collision, Fatal Tr4 ffic Collisions 2013 4 O 0 .i X01+ + '. 2015 4 4 4 2016 3 12 3 2017 ...... 3 13 3 2018 0 12 7 5 10 15 20 25 30 Number of All Fatal Traffic Collisions 141 Fa#at Traffic Collisions, Years 2013-2018 79 Fatal Alchohol/Drug-Related Traffic Collisions FIGURE 13. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES SOURCE OF DRUG IMPAIRMENT Narcotic 5% Hallucino 16 MAP 5. DRIVER IMPAIRED FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHESKAPAAU Communities of Concern HONOIAA (highest index values are estimated to have the highest socioeconomic need) Be PAAUI LO0- 19 _ 11 No Data 1 2 3 4 5 00I A Greater1 *+ Need19 - LAUPAHOEHOE r {Source: 2019 SocioNeedsIndex, Hawaii Department ofHealth Retrievedfrom: http:llwww.howaiiiieotfhmaHers.org/itpdex.php? module-indicotors&controlter=it7dex&action=sociorieedsl wAll OLOA -- 190 PAPAALO 0 HaNOMU N KAMUELA HAKALAU a Q , o 2.5 s See Inset Map B 0, PAAUILo PEPEEKEO Miles PAPAWOU See Inset Map A KOhA- INTERNVIONA AIRPORTHIL! ' OQ HI L1. Iry iCJ * NIERNATIONAL 0' AIRPORTn01 go ItAI LIJA KEAAU KONA MIAN HOLUALOA MOLL TA.IJ o, 0 VOLCANO 0 PAHOAp C s HAWAII w.. T , NATIONAL G CAPTAIN PARI( Cook -. PAHALA 11 4 PAHALAt,. L7 INSET P B YAftS PNTERNATII( NA ` AIRPORT 1 01Ka"Mr nani Dr j :2 NAALEHU LEGEND . 19, Fatal AlcohollDrug- Related Traffic Crash wAII AKu Fatal Non-Alcohol/Drug-Related Traffic Crash * Source- NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 20134201 KAILUA. County Roads (919 miles) , KONA State Roads (383 miles)a, ryr. Meha A,,, I-IILD INT tea aye * ERNATIONAiFederalRoads (72 miles) 0 - AIRPORT Other Roads (1,539 miles) Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation Y _-. HILO tcPoliceStation + Hospital NaFnako 51 Source: Hawaii statewaide GIS program y ' 1 a.5 o 1 Miles FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: ROADWAY VISIBILITY The majority (51 %) of fatal traffic crashes on Hawaii Island occurred at nighttime (see Figure 15) which is in line with national averages (47%). The likelihood increases for vulnerable users as 64% of all fatal traffic crashes with pedestrians or bicycles occurred at night. Hawaii County is faced with a number of factors that limit its ability to increase roadway visibility, including limitations on streetlight luminescence levels and hundreds of miles of rural, unlit roadways. Map 6 identifies the location of fatal traffic crashes that occurred during night and day. Communities of concern, roadway ownership, and the location of available police stations and hospitals have been delineated as well. FIGURE 14. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY DAYMIGHT YEAR 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 N I o h 1 ilt . 4L Night 51 % Occurred during nighttime 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Number of All Fatal Traffic Collisions 1ANight . Day YEAR 2013 = •'14OM 2014 l00% 2015 l00% 2016 2017 ccM. Night 64% Occurred duringlmmb&,, nighttime 29% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Number of Fate Traffic Collisions with Pedestrian or Bicycle Day 361J/0 Occurred di daytime 18 27 250 KAPAAU AZI Q0 See Inset Map B ,, ' KONA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT A KAILU KONA WAI OLOA MAP 6. FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES DURING DAY/NIGHT Communities of Concern 24 HONOKAA (highest index values are estimated to have the highest socioeconomic need) A PAAUILO 19 No Data 1 2 3 4 5 Greater Need LAUPAHOEHO(Source: 2019SocioNeeds Index, Hawaii Department ofHealth Retrievedfrom: http-://www.howoiihealtl)matters-orglir)dexphp? 190 PAPAALO o)odule=iri(ficolors&controller=it)dex&oction=socioiieeds) HONIOMIJ U) NKAMLIELAHAI(ALAU 0 2.5 50MilesPAAUILOPEPEEKE0 PAPAIKOU See Inset Map A 01 HOLUALOA CAPTAI N Cool( ro j. HILO IN rERNATIONAL AN. AIRPORT00 I<EAAU, KURTISTOWN, HAWAHAN PARADISE PARK VOLCANO.,4, PAHOA HAWAII NATIONAL PARK PAHALA NAALE 7i LEGEND INSET MAP A Daytime Fatal Traffic Crash 'miles WAIINAKU 19 Nighttime Fatal Traffic Crash Source: NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2013-2018 Hawaii Police Department and National Park Service, 2019 County Roads (919 miles) "'P ")' K,* haAse HILOStateRoads (383 miles)014 INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT Federal Roads (72 miles) Other Roads (1,539 miles) iF HILO Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation puainakoS4 Police Station + Hospital Source. Hawaii statewaide GIS program INSET MAP B J- 19 190 z KON INTERNAT QNA I, AmPnOT Kaimin.-. FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: PEAK TRAFFIC HOURS Peak traffic hours are the periods of time where the majority of commuters are on the roads, resulting in higher traffic volumes and congestion. During these periods, more vehicles are on the road, however motor vehicle speeds are typically slower due to congestion. Details on the time of day of the fatal traffic crashes shows that the highest number of crashes occurred outside of peak traffic hours, specifically between 1-4 pm and 7-10 pm (see Figure 15). Map 7 identifies the location of fatal traffic crashes that occurred during the AM and PM peak periods. Communities of concern, roadway ownership, and the location of available police stations and hospitals have been delineated as well. FIGURE 15. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY PEAK/OFF-PEAK HOURS (YEARS 2013-2018) 10 9 LO 0 Weekday Morning Peak Period 6:00:00 AM to 9:00:00 AM Weekday Evening Peak Period 3:00;00 PM to 6:00:00 PM Weekday Weekend e e < IV na y c'r• b 'ti, .p' '1 yd h n '7 ki fti vw }p. Time of the Fatal Crash 20 See Inset Map B KONA INTERNA"-IONAL AIRPORT i0L 0 KAILUA KONA LEGEND 0 0 -V-,l MAP 7. FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES DURING PEAK TRAFFIC HOURS Communities of Concern HONOKAA (highest index values are estimated to have the highest socioeconomic need) PAAUILO 19 No Data 1 2 3 4 5 OOK Greater Need LAUPAHOEHOE " (Source. 2019 SoboNeeds Index, Hawaii Department ofHealth ply Retrievedfrom: http--Ilwwwhowoiihealthniatter--,orglindex-php? Produlezii,)dicators&cotitroller=iiideK&octiot?=sociot eeds) PAPAALOA HONOMU NHAKALAU 2..5PEPEEKEO-, 0 5 Miles PAPAIKOU See, Inset Map A 0*3 HILI} HILO 0 INI-ERNATIONAL AIRPORT0 HOLLIALOA T 1 1 -1X KONA,` mc - j: \ 4 CD INTERNATIQNA AIRPORT Kafrnin'3nf Dr C3 Fatal Speed -Related Traffic Crash I MSET ITIAP A Fatal Non -Speed -Related Traffic Crash 1 0.5 0 ,Mies WAIN KU P IUnknownT111111( P Source- NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2013-2018 County Roads (919 miles) KAILUA KONA State Roads (383 miles) *e rr?'Dha HILO Federal Roads (72 miles) INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT A Other Roads (1,539 miles) Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation HILA Police Station + Hospital Puainalka St P Puarl ' L n*0 Source- Hawaii statewaide GIS program 1 0.5 0 1 Miles FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: AGE / GENDER Age and gender were analyzed as potential factors for both drivers and victims involved in fatal traffic crashes. It was found that the 20-24 year-old age group had the highest number of fatalities and drivers associated with fatal traffic crashes on Hawaii Island (see Figures 16 and 17 respectively). In comparison to females, males were overwhelmingly more likely to be the fatality or the driver involved in fatal crashes. Traffic crash fatalities by mode showed less of a correlation for pedestrians, bicycles, or motorcycles/mopeds (see Figure 18). FIGURE 16. TRAFFIC CRASH FATALITIES BY AGE/GENDER (YEARS 2013-2018) 5.00. 18.00 4.50.................................................................... 4.50 7, R a aa 4.00 --- ........... 4.00 a f aii a n 14.00 3.54 --- --- a r• a 12.00 4J0 ... _ _ _.._...__.-._.... 3.00 y r .. .. .. .. ... ............... ......... ..._..._._................ T a • a i s 10.0f LL 2.50 ________ KID r - a` a•_ ' i _. F 8.00 2.00 ......................... i A as e mLL a `.. a-• b. 00 r+........_ 1.50 r i 4.001.0(] a 0.50 r. ..._...----- ----..._ -_----............ ....... ....._..... i ......... 0 0 e 5 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 6(.-64 61? iu-14Ageyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyears years yeLirs years Population (x1000) ai&a Total Fatalities MaIe o-Fern aIe FIGURE 17. DRIVERS OF FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY AGE/GENDER (YEARS 2013-2018) 5 00 IP nn 3.00 i6 cc o 2.50 M 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 16.00 14.00 12.00 0 10.00 c 8.00 CL a_ 6.00 4.00 2.00 0 - --00- -OF 0 5 -9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-85 >85Ageyearsye5arsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyears Population (x1000) --*- Total Drivers -jp- Mahe Drivers --*-- Fermale Drivers 22 4.50 7, R a aa 4.00 a f aii n r• a 3.50 r i a 4 3.00 i6 cc o 2.50 M 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 16.00 14.00 12.00 0 10.00 c 8.00 CL a_ 6.00 4.00 2.00 0 - --00- -OF 0 5 -9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-85 >85Ageyearsye5arsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyearsyears Population (x1000) --*- Total Drivers -jp- Mahe Drivers --*-- Fermale Drivers 22 FIGURE 18. TRAFFIC CRASH FATALITIES BY AGE/MODE (YEARS 2013-2018) 4.50 1 18.04 FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: DISTRACTED DRIVING Distracted driving refers to the act of driving while engaging in other activities which distract the driver's attention away from the road. It was found that 25% of all fatal traffic crashes between the years 2013-2018 involved distracted driving (see Figure 19). FIGURE 19. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY DISTRACTED DRIVING IkiT,hpr f All IF t ! Tref r D 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 YEAR 2013 21014 2015 2016 2017 2018 141 Fatal Traffic Collisions, Years 2013-2018 Total 35 Crashes due to Distraction 23 1 16.04 3.50 ....................................... a r 14.00 3.00 ........ A 12.00 e/y R a a 10.00 C) x R r • y•.,... ...... r— 8.2.00....... 00 L r i 1.50 ........................ r F 4 4 6.04 1.00 a o 4.00 0.50,................,,.,.x. ra..,.,. n,.... a 4 e,.. 2.00 0 0 5 Age years 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 years years years years 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 years years years years years years years years 65-69 70-74 75-79 years years years 80-85 > 85 years years Population (x100{}) Totall Fatalities a Pedestrian —1— Bicycle a-- Motorcycle g—Vehicle Moped FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: DISTRACTED DRIVING Distracted driving refers to the act of driving while engaging in other activities which distract the driver's attention away from the road. It was found that 25% of all fatal traffic crashes between the years 2013-2018 involved distracted driving (see Figure 19). FIGURE 19. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY DISTRACTED DRIVING I kiT,hpr f All IF t ! Tref r D 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 YEAR 2013 21014 2015 2016 2017 2018 141 Fatal Traffic Collisions, Years 2013-2018 Total 35 Crashes due to Distraction 23 FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: ROADSIDE CRASHES Roadside crashes are those in which a motor vehicle collides with a stationary object outside of the travelway. It was found that 28% of all fatal traffic crashes between the years 2013-2018 involved a roadside crash (see Figure 20). FIGURE 20. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY ROADSIDE ELEMENTS Number of All Fatal Traffic Collisions 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Total 141 Fatal Traffic Collisions, Years 2013-2018 39 Crashes with Roadside Elements FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: MOTOR VEHICLE TYPE The motor vehicle body type involved in the highest number of fatal traffic crashes were light trucks and vans (see Figure 21). However, observationally, with a relatively low number of motorcycles on the road as compared to all other vehicle types, the percentage of motorcycles 13%) involved in fatal traffic crashes is high. FIGURE 21. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH MOTOR VEHICLE BODY TYPE Type of Motor Vehicles involved in Fatal Crashes (Years 2013-2018) Light Trucks . and Vans Medium' r 1 /O 1 Trucks t l 24 FATAL TRAFFIC CRASH FACTOR: MOTOR VEHICLE MODEL YEAR Improvements to motor vehicle design for safety over time have contributed to a decrease in motorist fatalities. Over that same time, the number of pedestrian deaths have increased (see Figure 22). However, a large percentage of motor vehicles involved in fatal traffic crashes on Hawaii Island from 2013 through 2018 were over 10 years old (see Figure 23), thus not fully benefiting from the advancements in motor vehicle safety. FIGURE 22. NATIONAL TRAFFIC FATALITY TRENDS (YEARS 2008-2017) From 2008-2017, pedestrian fatalities increased by 35%. When combined, aii other traffic deaths decreased 6% over the same period. A 4NSA It. FIGURE 23. HAWAII ISLAND FATAL TRAFFIC CRASHES BY MOTOR VEHICLE MODEL YEAR (YEARS 2013-2018) 16 .......... ........ ................................ ........ ................................ 014 C) 901112011 4 E 3 2, z YEAR 198186 87 88 1990 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2 o 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 2010 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Motor Vehicle25ModelYear 3) ROAD MAPTO CHANGE now 9 Following a proclamation by Mayor Harry Kim in February 2019, the H took action by establishing a Vision Zero Task Force to develop an action plan for, decreasing and eventually eliminating fatalities on Hawai' i Island's roadways. This effort coincides with others underwayat the County, such as the updateyp of long-range regional planning documents, the General Plan updates of the r:w Community Development Plans, and adoption of the Downtown Hilo Multimodal Master Plan. The COH is simultaneously undertaking the development of a complete streets program, including an updated COH Street Design Manual. Complete Streets & Vision Zero Policy Efforts on Hawaii Island The State of Hawaii adopted the Hawaii Complete Streets Act (Act 54) in 2009. It required each County to adopt a complete streets policy that results in a balanced, multimodal transportation network, which meets the needs of all users of streets, roads, and highways, including motorists, pedestrians, bicyclists, children, persons with disabilities, seniors, movers of commercial goods, and users of public transportation. The COH responded to Act 54 by adopting Resolution 171-11 on October 19, 2011, supporting the establishment of a Hawaii County Complete Streets Policy. The COH produced a Complete Streets Program White Paper dated October 2015 that provided an overview of how the COH is approaching complete streets. The COH is currently moving forward with establishment of a complete streets program, including an updated Street Design Manual and other program documents. In May 2019, the State Legislature passed HB 757, which calls for HDOT and the County transportation departments to "adopt a Vision Zero policy that seeks to prevent and ultimately eliminate all traffic fatalities through a combination of engineering, enforcement, education, and emergency response strategies that focus on equity." HB 757 clearly articulates the relationship of complete streets and Vision Zero: "The National Complete Streets Coalition endorses a Vision Zero approach in pursuit of the objective to design streets that prevent traffic injuries and fatalities, particularly for the most vulnerable road users. Over one thousand two hundred jurisdictions in the United States have, through an adoption of complete streets policies, committed to design and operate their streets to provide for the needs of all users of the road, regardless of age, ability, income, or mode of transportation. Vision Zero strategies can be easily integrated into existing complete streets programs." Counties across Hawaii are working to integrate Vision Zero into complete streets initiatives, as described in this report. The Bill also requires the State Highway Safety Council, in collaboration with each of the County traffic or highway safety councils, to develop a Vision Zero Action Plan, and to report findings to the legislature on or before January 1, 2020. A final report must be presented to the legislature in 2021. In February 2019, Hawaii County's Mayor Harry Kim released a proclamation announcing the formation of a Vision Zero Task Force to develop the County's Action Plan. The Task Force was comprised of agencies and organizations with expertise in transportation, enforcement, education, public health, emergency response, equity, transit, biking and walking. The Task Force met quarterly and prepared the action items for Engineering, Enforcement, Encouragement, Education, and Evaluation, that are included in this Action Plan. These 5 "E's" of traffic safety provide the basis for a safe systems approach to reducing traffic fatalities. i Engineering s ,: Develop and implement 1 infrastructure policies to reduce traffic fatalities and injuries. Education "7 Educate neighbors of all agesg Owl and abilities on bestpractices- to safely use streets. Tr nrir r Enforcement R Improve traffic safety enforcement policies and ~ practices. - Encouragement a Promote and encourage » behavioral change and . r participation through new and r; existing resources, public h , y outreach, and special events. ,,,,w, Evaluation Collect data to measure the successes of the multiple -, strategies being used to help reduce traffic -related fatalities as outlined in Vision Zero. r r w w 12 5 I It r I w 4) TAKING ACTION Vision Zero requires bold action to reach a bold goal. Eliminating deaths and life -changing injuries on the transportation system is no small feat. Reaching that goal will take actions not just from COH staff in many different departments, but also from partners and agencies such as HDOT, DOE, DOH, civic groups, as well as Hawaii Island residents and visitors. TAKING ACTION The actions presented here were developed in concert with partners who will be responsible for helping to execute and support them, including COH departments, partner agencies, institutions and civic groups. Many actions will be on-going. Changing the design of the island's streets is not a one-time step. It must happen consistently over years redesigning existing streets and with construction of new streets. Other actions, such as amending state law regarding BAC limits, may take sustained effort, but they will have a concrete end. Actions are organized into three time frames: short-term (two-year), mid-term (five-year) and long-term (ten-year) actions; this is representative of two, five, and ten year budget cycles respectively. These categories allow for a given action to be completed (one-time actions) or started (on-going actions) within that time frame. Annual reports should be developed to assess the progress made and success of these actions. Reduce Potential Encourage Safer for Conflict Practices Among Between Users People Driving, Walking and Bicycling Slow Motor Improve Data Collection Vehicle Speeds Processing and Analysis Reduce Driving,Support an Bicycling and Institutional 1. Walking Under Commitment to the Influence Vision Zero 32 EVALUATION KEYIMPLEMENTERS GOAL: IMPROVE CRASH DATA QUALITY AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES. HFD DPW Hawaii Judiciary IT Hawai`i Legislature HDOT Hawai`i County Council DOE Trauma Mayor's Office PATH HPD GOAL: IMPROVE CRASH DATA QUALITY AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES. GOAL: REPORT BACK TO THE COMMUNITY ABOUT VISION ZERO PROGRESS. 33 o Create and maintain a comprehensive public website to share crash data and j; progress on Action Plan Strategies, and solicit feedback on safety concerns, projects and strategies. o Assess Hawai'i Island's transportation network to further refine treatments needed to target safety improvement as part of a speed management program. o Define what is a serious injury crash so that crash audit can be done along with fatal crash audits. o Further analyze crash data against data on vulnerable populations and communities of concern, including homeless populations, to better understand impacts and prioritize equitable solutions. GOAL: REPORT BACK TO THE COMMUNITY ABOUT VISION ZERO PROGRESS. 33 ENGINEERING KEYIMPLEMENTERS Planning • Prosecutor's Office DPW • Hawai`i County Council HDOT • MTA PATH • DCCA DOE • AT&T HPD GOAL: DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT INFRASTRUCTURE POLICES TO REDUCE TRAFFIC FATALITIES AND INJURIES. O o Update Street Design Guidelines to include best practices for safety. o Prioritize the safety of school aged children by working with Safe Routes to U School teams on engineering solutions. CA - 40o Define and prioritize multimodal safety improvements in communities of concern. O O o Develop and adopt a policy to prioritize safety of pedestrian, bicyclist and transit riders. GOAL: EXPLORE EMERGING TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING SAFETY IN THE COUNTY. o Require DPW, Planning, Police officials and legislative representatives to attend Vision Zero training. O o Assess opportunities for automated enforcement and assess effectiveness of existing manual enforcement to improve safety. I o Earmark County Gas Tax funds for Vision Zero Project. O o Plan for necessary telecommunication coverage around the island to enable better response during crashes. 34 O o Develop carpool/alternative transportation program that increase incentives to encourage mode change. O O o Plan for connected/automated vehicles that includes appropriate requirements that will improve safety. GOAL: IMPLEMENT SAFETY TREATMENTS ON KEY CORRIDORS THROUGHOUT THE COUNTY. SHORT TERM o Evaluate street design treatments from Complete Street Program toolbox. o Review resurfacing and restriping maintenance projects with the safety of all users in mind, prioritize roadway maintenance projects on the High Fatality Network and evaluate lane widths to help reduce speed before completing striping. o Work with HDOT to reduce speeding at high crash areas utilizing street design changes and enforcement when possible. o Conduct safety reviews of the transportation networks in school areas and communities of concern on a four year cycle. Develop education and r engineering recommendations to improve safety for all modes of school travel and prioritize sidewalk infill and maintenance in urban areas. o Add traffic calming measures and informative signage to message safe speeds, reduce speed, increase compliance with traffic laws and inform drivers of enforcement in urban areas. o Develop lighting guidelines and improve quality of lighting through implementation of LED (while reducing uplight). LONG TERM o Create a speed management program by performing a Countywide evaluation of speed limits, considering context to explore ways to make changes, developing methodology for data collection, street design changes, etc. EDUCATION AND ENCOURAGEMENT KEYIMPLEMENTERS Planning DPW DLC DMV IT HDOT DOH DOE Mayor's Office MALAC PATH HPD HFD Hawai`i Judiciary Media Trauma GOAL: DEVELOP STANDARD LANGUAGE REGARDING VISION ZERO AND TRAFFIC SAFETY FOR USE BY ALL COUNTY PARTNER AGENCIES WHEN INTERACTING WITH THE MEDIA AND WITH THE PUBLIC DIRECTLY. SHORT TERM o Provide training for Public Information Officer staff in relevant departments, such as HPD, DPW, and the Mayors Office. o Promote opportunities for local media to learn from other cities to more accurately report traffic crashes to avoid victim -blaming. o Have local HPD, ER and First Responder staff featured in safety messages. o Support a culture of safety and community engagement through events and projects at schools and in communities. Work with schools to develop safety PSAs. 4D; o Support statewide effort to revise Drivers Ed curriculum and testing to address all modes of transportation, driving under the influence and distracted driving. o Develop branded Vision Zero signage and a traffic safety messaging campaign to be utilized with Vision Zero infrastructure projects and enforcement activities. o Provide educational materials in multiple languages and distribute them through public libraries and social service organizations. 36 0)o Develop partnerships with transit, taxi transportation network companies like Uber and Lyft, to reduce driving under the influence. a o Deliver "safe server training" for bars and restaurants to promote awareness of safe alternatives to impaired driving. GOAL: INCREASE AMOUNT SPENT, AND PROGRAMS OFFERED FOR SRTS COORDINATION FUNDING WITHIN DPW TO EXPAND BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN EDUCATION PROGRAMS FOR STAFF. STUDENTS. AND FAMILIES. SHORT TERM o Provide bicycling education programs, including a school program to reinforce and encourage safe cycling to school and a program for adult cyclists at all skill levels. o Encourage events such as National Walk to School Day. o Create a self -guided activity toolkit that allows community members to host their own meeting to discuss safety, rate their neighborhood based on their discussion, identify opportunities and solutions, and report back to COH staff. o Work with HCC and UH Hilo to create walking, biking and driving safety campaigns. LONG TERM o Explore establishing grant programs for communities and non -profits to advance Vision Zero in their communities, prioritizing grant awards to communities of concern. GOAL: ESTABLISH A COUNTY OF HAWAII WEBSITE FOR VISION ZERO. o Complete updates semi-annually on ongoing projects. o Provide up-to-date data about traffic fatalities and serious crashes. o Identify opportunities for education (bike safety, etc). o Create a Vision Zero concerns map that encourages the public to tl contribute information about crashes, near misses, and locations with perceived safety issues. o Develop a Countywide atlas that highlights importance of equity metrics. 37 ENFORCEMENT KEYIMPLEMENTERS HPD • HFD Hawai`i Judiciary • Hawai`i Legislature DPW • Hawai`i County Council HDOT • Trauma DOH • PATH Mayor's Office GOAL: ADVOCATE FOR CHANGES AT LEGISLATURE TO ADDRESS ISSUES AROUND INTOXICANTS. 07. Olt o Monitor 0`ahu study of Red -Light Running cameras. o Lower BAC limit to .05 especially with repeat offenders. o Eliminate time limit for obtaining BAC. o Develop a program to test e -warrant system in order to reform DUI standards related to BAC, arrest and adjudication process. o Purchase tools to ascertain evidence of impairment. o Support funding of testing labs around the state. 07. GOAL: IMPROVE TRAFFIC SAFETY ENFORCEMENT POLICIES AND PRACTICES. SHORT TERM o Increase partnership between police and trauma personnel to identify and044-01 report impairment at hospitals. o Establish a multi -disciplinary review team that activates as soon as ilk A. 4O possible after the event to identify potential actions the County can take at that or other similar locations to address safety issues. The team should look at all possible causal factors and present findings to the public, and direct enforcement and educational resources to the location. i Vii; o Establish and share crash map information between departments. o`ot o Provide training to officers on existing and new bike and pedestrian laws. o Provide bicyclist and pedestrian awareness training to officers. o Work with PD PIO to prepare media reports that align with Vision Zero communications and messaging. o Research and pilot diversion program in lieu of fines to address equity concerns and encourage safe behaviors. o Implement dashboard cameras program for police vehicles. o Educate Judges, Police and Prosecutors regarding new safety priorities. Develop evaluation metrics and safeguards against pretextual or discriminatory enforcement. o Focus traffic enforcement on high crash network and on behaviors contributing to fatal and serious injuries vs less serious infractions. o Bring Drug Recognition Expert (DRE) training to Hawai'i County in order to train more officers. o Collect and make available geographic and demographic data on traffic stops and citations to support equity and safeguard against bias in policing. o Explore expansion of community policing and provide education on community members role in social norming and community policing. LONG TERM o Increase number of traffic enforcement positions in Hawai'i County. 39 N 13 m mq 91 r 0