HomeMy WebLinkAbout2023-11-28 KCDP Meeting PacketMitchell D. Roth Mayor
Lee E. Lord
Managing Director
Zendo Kern Director
Jeffrey W. Darrow
Deputy Director
County of Hawai‘i
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
KONA COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN ACTION COMMITTEE
Aupuni Center • 101 Pauahi Street, Suite 3 • Hilo, Hawai‘i 96720
Phone (808) 961-8288 • Fax (808) 961-8742
Hawai‘i County is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer Page 1
Tuesday, September 12, 2023 1
DRAFT Meeting Minutes 2
CALL TO ORDER 3
Committee Member Charles Young facilitated the Kona Community Development Plan (KCDP) 4
Action Committee (AC) meeting. The meeting was called to order at 5:06 P.M. This meeting was 5
held online via Zoom, and in person at the West Hawaiʻi Civic Center Planning Department 6
Conference Room. 7
The YouTube video of this meeting can be found here: 8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_1iCCxtivc 9
ROLL CALL 10
AC Members Present: Charles Young (via Zoom), Nancy Pisicchio, John D. Pelletier, Gary Jaster, 11
Zarine Dorabji, David Huerta (via Zoom), and Heather Korotie 12
AC Members Absent-Excused: Marisa Bankston, Roselyn Molina 13
County Staff: Planners – Bethany Morrison, Maryam Palma, Janice Hata 14
County Officials: Deputy Corporation Counsel, Suzanna Tiapula 15
Members of the public: 8 16
ANNOUNCEMENTS: 17
1. Kona CDP Action Committee Welcome New Members 18
2. The Action Committee is seeking a volunteer Secretary to take meeting notes and 19
collaborate with the Planning Department accordingly. Any interested parties should email 20
cdp@hawaiicounty.gov. AC Member Nancy Pisicchio offered to use a Microsoft 365 program 21
to transcribe the recorded file of the meeting into a text document and create a summary of 22
the minutes of the meeting. AC Member David Huerta commented that Zoom has a 23
transcription program that is part of the software, therefore eliminating the need to export a 24
file. Charles Young pointed out that the minutes do not have to be verbatim, but they really 25
do have to capture the spirit of the content of the discussion and to be accurate in terms of 26
who makes motions, who seconds the motion, and the final vote. Corp. Council agreed but 27
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she added that speakers need to identify themselves for the record. This includes members 28
of the public not sitting at the table. In addition, Corp. Council pointed out that she can only 29
hear the people who are at the table, the people farther away cannot be heard through the 30
speakers. 31
3. General Plan Update: Bethany Morrison, Long Range Planner with the County of Hawaii 32
provided a brief update on where we are on the General Plan comprehensive review. 33
Recently a press release has come out that details the various things that we're doing to 34
reach out into the community and make sure that the Action Committee has an opportunity 35
to participate in this update. The Planning Department hosted a recorded video series on the 36
planning YouTube channel. The PD will also be doing public informational workshops. One is 37
scheduled for September 30th. It will be here at West Hawaii Civic Center from 2:00 to 4:00. 38
Other opportunities for sharing the new GP draft with the public include roadshow 39
presentations where community groups can invite staff to their already regular meetings. 40
There will also be informational booths at various planned Community events. Workshops, 41
which are similar to the public informational workshops for those that cannot attend in 42
person, there will be a Zoom webinar option there. The General Plan is our comprehensive 43
long-range document for our county. It guides infrastructure decisions and land use 44
decisions. Everything we do has to be consistent with that plan. 45
APPROVAL OF MINUTES: 46
Committee Member Nancy Pisicchio moved to approve the July 25, 2023 minutes. Motion 47
seconded by Committee Member John Pelletier. Motion passed with 6 votes aye, 0 votes nay. 48
BUSINESS: 49
1. Chapter 5.3 Implementation Matrix: 50
Discussion to initiate a status update of the items within the matrix. Consider top priority 51
community actions the AC may want to move forward and the potential creation of 52
respective permitted interaction groups. The matrix can be found on pages 163 - 172 of the 53
Kona CDP. This agenda item was suggested by Committee member Zarine Dorabji. Zarine 54
was questioning the current status of action items that appear in the Matrix. She asked, for 55
example, whether the Kona Mauka Watershed Partnership has been formed yet. Committee 56
members suggested there is a need to go through the Matrix and identify things we want to 57
work on, and what has been done so we can get a sense of where the AC could have the 58
most impact. It was suggested that the previous Meeting Minutes be reviewed to identify 59
priorities that have been identified by the Committee in the past and not to “reinvent the 60
wheel”. A five-year look back through the Minutes was suggested. The Minutes would also 61
include letters from the AC Members to the Planning Director that identified priorities. The 62
Committee members discussed the need to go through the Matrix and identify things we 63
want to work on, just what has been done and what so we can get a sense of what, where 64
we could have the most impact. 65
Charles Young also suggested that the new County Climate Change Plan also be reviewed in 66
the process of reviewing the Kona CDP Matrix. It was suggested that the possibility of 67
forming a Permitted Interaction Group to look at the Climate Change Plan could be added to 68
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the next meeting’s Agenda. Heather Korotie expressed an interest in the idea. The new 69
Permitted Interaction Group could make recommendations with respect to implementation 70
of the matrix and any additional needs that any additional needs might be related to the 71
Climate Change Plan. 72
2. Kealakehe Regional Park: 73
Discussion and potential creation of a permitted interaction group to follow and support this 74
project. This agenda item was suggested by Committee member John Pelletier. The 75
Kealakehe Regional Park is identified in the KCDP Implementation Matrix as Policy PUB-6.2 76
(a). John explained that the West Hawaii Parks and Athletic Corporation has been trying to 77
move this park project forward. He explained a desire to determine what we can do to help. 78
He would like to create a Permitted Interaction Group to investigate where we're at and try 79
to move this project forward. The park is mapped out, but currently, there is nothing there. 80
The AC voted to form a Kealakehe Regional Park Subcommittee with John Pelletier 81
representing the AC on the new Subcommittee. The motion was made by Committee member 82
Nancy Pisicchio, seconded by Heather Korotie. Motion passed with 6 votes aye, 0 votes nay. 83
3. Permitted Interaction Groups (PIG): 84
The existing groups will provide updates, reports, or discussions and may vote to close any 85
PIGs as needed. 86
o Community Outreach: 87
Open nominations: Corp. Council explained that the AC needs to establish who's going 88
to be on the committee in this meeting or in a public meeting. She reminded the AC 89
members that there is a limitation of four AC members and that those four need to be 90
articulated in the meeting. After that, other members of the public may join the 91
Permitted Interaction Group. It was agreed that Nancy Pisicchio, John D. Pelletier, 92
Zarine Dorabji, and Heather Korotie will be members of the new Community Outreach 93
Subcommittee. 94
A member of the public raised the issue that the Commission he serves on with the 95
county, Department has Staff serves to generate Community Outreach. He stated that 96
the Police Department has a Community Outreach officer. He recommended that the 97
Planning Department should have a community outreach person. 98
o Flood Mitigation and Erosion Control: 99
The AC Committee currently has no members on the Flood Mitigation and Erosion 100
Control Subcommittee. It was recommended that it be closed out. Charles Young 101
stated that he doesn’t think the subcommittee actually met so there is nothing on the 102
record. It officially doesn't exist. The AC can re-agendize it later if the committee 103
decides to bring it back for later discussion. In that case, as new Subcommittee would 104
have to reform with a new purpose and new members. 105
o Kona Open Space Network (KOSN): 106
of the Subcommittee, Kari Kimura summarized the written report that was submitted 107
to the AC. The lead consultant under contract with the County is Jacob Engineering. The 108
www.planning.hawaiicounty.gov/ CDP@hawaiicounty.gov Page 4
project leader is Christian Nishimura. The Planning Department is the lead agency. 109
County Planning Department Staff Natasha Soriano is the project leader. About 80 to 110
100 people came to the Old Kona Airport Pavilion for the KOSN Kick Off open house. 111
Subcommittee Janice Palma suggested that we need to have those concepts of smart 112
growth that are in the Plan such as TOD’s and somehow have them a part of the open 113
space network are the green belts. 114
Kari Kimura stated that the Subcommittee will come back to the AC periodically just to 115
keep everyone updated. 116
Charlie Young commended Kari, Janice, and Shirley for their commitment to getting this 117
project to where it is. 118
AC Member Nancy Pisicchio had been nominated to represent the KOSN 119
Subcommittee. Kari Kimura suggested that three AC Members serve on the KOSN 120
Subcommittee as had been the case when Kari, Shirley David, and Janice Palma had 121
served on the KOSN Subcommittee before stepping down as AC Members. 122
A question was raised regarding how new community members are able to join a 123
Subcommittee. The recommendation was that this should be decided by the 124
Subcommittee members. 125
Nomination of new AC members to KOSN Subcommittee. 126
Committee Member John Pelletier moved to add Nancy Pisicchio, John Pelletier, and 127
Gary Jaster to the KOSN Subcommittee. The motion was seconded by Committee 128
member Gary Jaster. Motion passed with 6 votes aye, 0 votes nay. 129
o Public Access, Open Space, Natural Resources (PONC): 130
There currently is no Public Access, Open Space, Natural Resources (PONC) 131
Subcommittee. 132
4. Action Committee Meeting Strategy: 133
The Action Committee will discuss the meeting cadence schedule, logistics, and format of 134
future meetings such as if they should be all in-person or hybrid Zoom/in-person. 135
It was pointed out that Staff needs to participate in order to provide the option for Zoom 136
participation. For the in-person meeting format, AC members can run the meetings 137
themselves and keep meeting Minutes. The draft Minutes are sent to Staff to complete. A 138
number of individuals also pointed out that the use of Zoom increases the chances that 139
people are unable to hear the discussions. 140
AC Members raised the point that in-person meetings are preferable, but that providing the 141
opportunity to participate via Zoom was practical. Members stated that they can commit to 142
attending meetings if Zoom participation is an option. Without providing for Zoom 143
participation, it may be difficult to get a quorum. It was agreed to continue running hybrid 144
Zoom/in-person meetings. 145
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Regarding the schedule for future meetings, Staff pointed out that to provide the opportunity 146
for Zoom, the room should be reserved a month in advance. The AC Members discussed 147
whether to schedule monthly meetings or to continue holding meetings every other month. 148
These meetings would be held on the third Tuesday of the month, from 5:00 pm until 7:00 149
pm. 150
PROPOSED AGENDA ITEMS FOR NEXT MEETING: 151
1. Nancy Pisicchio requested that Community Outreach be included on the agenda. 152
2. John Pelletier requested that Kealakehe Regional Park be included on the agenda. 153
3. A discussion of Kona CDP Action Priorities was suggested to be included on the agenda 154
4. Gary Jaster suggested that KOSN be included. 155
5. Charlie Young asked that a General Plan Update be included in the Community Outreach 156
report. 157
The next meeting was set for November 28, 2023. 158
ADJOURNMENT: 159
Without objection, Committee Member Young adjourned the meeting at 6:38 P.M. 160
These minutes and all related documents are available in the Planning Department’s Kona 161
Community Development Plan Action Committee folder via the County of Hawaiʻi Public 162
Documents Repository. These documents may also be requested from the Planning Department 163
by calling (808) 961-8288 or emailing cdp@hawaiicounty.gov. 164
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Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When (Part 1)
(Revised July 2018)
OIP often is asked whether board members can talk to the board’s staff, members of the public,
or one another in various situations when not in a meeting. To help board members understand what
they can talk about outside a meeting, and with whom, OIP has put together a three‐part Quick Review.
1.Topics that Are Not ‘Board Business’
The Sunshine Law applies whenever board members are discussing board business, i.e., specific
matters within the board’s authority that are on a board’s upcoming agenda or reasonably likely to
appear on an agenda in the foreseeable future. When board members are discussing matters that are
not board business, the Sunshine Law does not apply to restrict the discussion. Thus, board members
could discuss with one another, or with anyone else:
o Matters unrelated to what the board does, such as the weather, sports teams, personal
news, vacation plans, world events, or similar topics beyond the scope of the board’s
responsibilities;
o Matters related to what the board does, but that are not being considered by the board
as a whole or a committee of the board at a meeting because they are ministerial (i.e.,
handled by staff) or within the Chair’s sole purview, such as scheduling of meetings,
including which items will appear on which meeting’s agenda, members’ travel
arrangements, logistical arrangements for an award ceremony, or similar topics; or
o Matters that the board considered in the past but does not expect to reconsider in the
foreseeable future because the matter has concluded, such as dedication of a
completed baseball field that the board gave approval to at an earlier stage, or a report
that the board was required to and did submit to a legislative body by a now‐past date.
These sorts of matters can be discussed by board members in any number, and need not be discussed in
a meeting, because they are not board business at the time they are being discussed and, thus, the
discussion is not controlled by the Sunshine Law.
Board members may also attend lunches, social and ceremonial events, or board retreats,
without violating the Sunshine Law, so long as board business is not discussed, deliberated, or decided
upon.
Communication Number 2023-12
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2. Staff, Lobbyists, and the General Public
The Sunshine Law only applies to boards and their discussions, deliberations, decisions, and
actions. Because the Sunshine Law does not apply to a board member’s communications with people
who are not members of the covered board, a member may discuss board business with people who
are not board members outside of a meeting, without needing to fall into one of the permitted
interactions. Board members, therefore, can freely talk or otherwise communicate with:
Citizens concerned about a particular issue
Reporters
Lobbyists
Board or agency staff
Other government officials, and
The general public.
It is possible that in some of those cases, the information from one board member will be
transmitted to other board members. For instance, a lobbyist may be going from one county council
member’s office to the next to talk about a piece of board business and may carry information over, as
in, “Councilmember A said she’d be willing to support us on this if the bill is amended to cover frogs as
well. Could you support that?” However, this would not be considered a discussion directly between
the council members. Similarly, a reporter might speak to multiple council members and say something
like, “Member B told me that the Board expects to reconsider the motion next month. Can you confirm
that?” Again, even though information was passed on, because the actual communication was through
a third party, it would not be considered a discussion between the board members.
Note: If board members would like to discuss board business with individuals who are not board
members, members should be mindful not to improperly disclose information that was part of an
executive meeting closed to the public, and may wish to consult with the board’s attorney in such
situations.
Information and materials provided by members to the staff may be incorporated into the
staff’s own analysis or report on a board matter and may be distributed by staff to the board
members in advance of a meeting. The staff’s report should not identify individual board members’
positions on an issue, but can recognize and discuss the various viewpoints in general and provide
recommendations for actions.
Board members should also refrain from using staffers as mere go‐betweens to carry
messages between board members, as that could be found to be a discussion directly between board
members, depending on the circumstances. Telling a staffer, “I have concerns about the direction we’re
taking on this issue and I’d like you to do some research on this aspect of it,” is fine, even if the staffer
tells other members, “Member C asked me to research this topic because of her concerns about the way
the board is handling the issue.” But telling a staffer, “Please go tell Members D and E that I have
3
concerns about the way we’re handing this issue,” would be inadvisable, as it could be construed as a
serial communication with members D and E.
3. Other Board Members
As discussed above, the Sunshine Law applies whenever board members are discussing board
business. When board members communicate to one another about board business, they need to do
so either in (1) a properly noticed meeting, or (2) in circumstances where the discussion is specifically
permitted by one of the Sunshine Law’s exceptions. When board members are prohibited by the
Sunshine Law from discussing or communicating about board business face to face, they also cannot do
so by telephone, e‐mail, letters or memoranda, social media such as Facebook and Twitter, or any other
means of communication.
Before communicating with other board members outside a meeting, a board member should
check whether one of the Sunshine Law’s permitted interactions applies. Permitted interactions are
specific circumstances in which the law permits board members to discuss board business outside a
meeting, so long as the statutory requirements are met.
The most frequently used permitted interaction, section 92‐2.5(a), HRS, allows two board
members to discuss any board business, without limitation, so long as they do not make or seek a
commitment to vote and do not constitute a quorum of their board. This limitation on making a
commitment to vote does allow discussion of the two board members’ views and inclinations on an
issue, but prohibits, for example, horse‐trading of votes such as, “If you’ll agree to vote my way on this
issue, I’ll give you my vote on your pet project next month.”
The two‐person permitted interaction does not require any prior arrangement on the part of the
two members using it; they can run into each other on the street, e‐mail each other, or telephone each
other, so long as only two members are part of the discussion. Other people who are not members of
the board can be present, as their discussions with board members are not regulated by the Sunshine
Law.
Permitted interactions cannot be used to circumvent the requirements or the spirit of the law
to make a decision or to deliberate towards a decision upon a matter over which the board has
supervision, control, jurisdiction, or advisory power. Specifically, where two members have discussed an
issue using the two‐person permitted interaction, they cannot then extend the discussion out to other
board members through serial use of the permitted interaction. If Member X called Member Y to talk
about the feral cat issue on the upcoming agenda, Member Y cannot then stop in the hallway to talk to
Member Z about it, as there would then be three members who were privy to the discussion. Both
Member X and Member Y must refrain from discussing the feral cat issue with other members until after
the board has next discussed it at a meeting, which essentially clears the slate as to members’ previous
discussions.
4
The other permitted interactions listed in section 92‐2.5, HRS, generally require prior planning,
or apply only in certain circumstances, or both. OIP will discuss them in the forthcoming Parts 2 and 3 of
this Quick Review series.
Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When 2 (August 2022) Page 1
Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When (Part 2)
(Revised August 2022)
Hawaii’s Sunshine Law, Part I of chapter 92, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS),
generally requires board members to discuss all board business in open meetings that
have been properly noticed to allow for public participation. OIP often is asked whether
board members can talk to one another in various situations when not in a meeting. To
help board members understand when they can talk to each other outside a meeting,
OIP put together a three-part Quick Review. This Quick Review is the second in the
series. Part 1 concerned discussions of matters that are not board business, and Part 3
will follow and explain “permitted interaction groups” (“PIGs”). The entire series, along
with other educational materials, is posted on the training page of OIP’s website at
oip.hawaii.gov.
What constitutes board business was discussed in Part I. There are, however, a
number of exceptions and “permitted interactions” that allow board members to have
discussions outside of a meeting, even on matters that constitute board business. A
few of these exceptions and permitted interactions are described below.
Members should note that the Sunshine Law expressly states that no
permitted interaction shall be used to circumvent the spirit or requirements of the
Sunshine Law to make a decision or to deliberate toward a decision upon a matter
over which the board has supervision, control, jurisdiction, or advisory power. For this
reason, permitted interactions generally may not be mixed and matched or used
serially, as doing so can result in a discussion of board business outside a meeting that
does not fit within the limits of any one of the permitted interactions and thus is not
authorized under the Sunshine Law.
1.Selection of Board Officers (HRS § 92-2.5(c))
The selection of the board's officers may be discussed between two or more
board members, but less than a quorum, in private without limitation or subsequent
reporting.
2.Members May Continue to Accept Testimony When a Multi-site Meeting
Must be Cancelled or Terminated (HRS §§ 92-2.5(d) and 92-3.5(c))
The Sunshine Law defines a “meeting” at HRS § 92-2 as the convening of a
board for which a quorum is required in order to make a decision or to deliberate toward
a decision upon a matter over which the board has supervision, control, jurisdiction, or
advisory power. When a meeting must be cancelled for lack of quorum or
terminated when quorum is lost during the meeting, the board members present may
Communication Number 2023-13
Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When 2 (August 2022)
Page 2
nevertheless receive testimony and presentations on agenda items and may question
testifiers or presenters under HRS § 92-2.5(d).
Under HRS § 92-3.5(c), when a board is holding a multi-site meeting by
interactive conference technology (ICT) and an audio connection to all meeting
locations is interrupted for more than 30 minutes, the meeting must be
terminated, even if a quorum of the board is physically present in one location.
However, under HRS § 92-2.5(d), members present at one location may continue to
receive testimony and presentations on agenda items and may question testifiers or
presenters, but cannot discuss, deliberate, or decide such matters. Note that the
permitted interaction under HRS § 92-2.5(d) specifically applies to HRS § 92-3.5(c)
regarding multi-site meetings, and not when remote meetings held by ICT under
HRS § 92-3.7 lose their audio or video connection. Also note that this permitted
interaction does not address Sunshine Law requirements to continue a meeting,
instead of terminating it, which are addressed in a different training document posted on
OIP’s website at oip.hawaii.gov/training, “Quick Review: Continuance of a Meeting
Under the Sunshine Law.”
For both cancelled and terminated meetings, HRS § 92-2.5(d) requires that
board members’ discussion, deliberation and decision-making on agenda items for
which testimony or presentations are received must occur only at a subsequent,
properly noticed meeting held after the cancelled or terminated meeting at which the
testimony and presentations were received.
And, members who received the testimony at a cancelled or terminated meeting
are required to create a record of the oral testimony or presentations in the same
manner as would be required for testimony or presentations heard during a meeting of
the board. In other words, the members must keep notes of the receipt of testimony
and presentations in the same manner that the board would keep minutes of testimony
and presentations received at a meeting.
Before deliberation or decision-making at a subsequent meeting, the board must
provide copies of the testimony and presentations received at the cancelled meeting to
all members. The members who were present at the cancelled or terminated meeting
must also report about the testimony and presentations received.
3. Informational Meetings (HRS § 92-2.5(e))
Two or more members of a board, but less than a quorum, may attend an
informational meeting or presentation on matters relating to official board business,
including a meeting of another entity, legislative hearing, convention, seminar, or
community meeting; provided that the meeting or presentation is not specifically and
exclusively organized for or directed toward members of the board.
Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When 2 (August 2022)
Page 3
The board members in attendance may participate in discussions, including
discussions among themselves, provided that the discussions occur during and as part
of the informational meeting or presentation and that no commitment relating to a vote
on the matter is made or sought.
At the next board meeting, the members who attended the informational meeting
are required to report their attendance and the matters presented and discussed that
related to official board business at the informational meeting.
4. Circulation of Proposed Legislative Testimony (HRS § 92-2.5(h)
A board that has previously adopted a position on a legislative measure may
circulate its proposed testimony among board members for review and written comment
when it does not have enough time to notice a meeting before a legislative deadline, so
long as all proposed testimony drafts and board member communications about the
testimony are publicly posted online within 48 hours of the testimony’s circulation to the
board. This permitted interaction is best used for proposed testimony drafted by board
staff or a single member, rather than by multiple board members using another
permitted interaction to confer, in order to avoid conflicts with other permitted
interactions as discussed in OIP’s Quick Review on Sunshine Law Options to Address
State Legislative Issues and Measures, which is posted on the Training page at
oip.hawaii.gov.
5. Discussions with the Governor (HRS § 92-2.5(f))
Discussions between the Governor and one or more board members may be
conducted in private without limitation or subsequent reporting; provided that the
discussion does not relate to a matter over which a board is exercising its adjudicatory
function.
Some boards that have adjudicatory powers include the: Hawaii Labor Relations
Board; Labor and Industrial Relations Board; Hawaii Paroling Authority; Civil Service
Commission; Employees’ Retirement System Board of Trustees; Crime Victim
Compensation; and State Ethics Commission.
6. Discussions with Department Head (HRS § 92-2.5(g))
Discussions between two or more members of a board and the head of a
department to which the board is administratively attached may be conducted in private
without limitation; provided that the discussion is limited to matters specified in section
26-35, HRS.
Section 26-35, HRS, provides that:
Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When 2 (August 2022)
Page 4
• department heads shall represent attached boards in communications with
the Governor and the Legislature, unless otherwise requested by the
Legislature;
• a board’s financial requirements from state funds shall be submitted
through the department head and included in the department’s budget;
• rules adopted by the board are subject to approval of the Governor;
• employment, appointment, promotion, transfer, demotion, discharge, and
job descriptions of officers and employees of or under a board must be
determined by the board subject to approval of the department head, and
subject to applicable personnel laws;
• purchases of supplies, equipment, or furniture by a board are subject to
approval by the department head;
• the department head has the power to allocate the spaces available for
the board to occupy;
• quasi-judicial functions of a board are not be subject to the approval,
review, or control of the department head; and
• the department head shall not have the power to supervise or control the
board in the exercise of its functions, duties, and powers.
Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When Part 3 (Dec. 2022) Page 1
Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When (Part 3)
(Revised December 2022)
OIP often is asked whether board members can talk to one another in various situations when not in a meeting. To help board members understand what they can talk about when they are not in a meeting, OIP put together a three-part Quick Review. The entire series can be found online on OIP’s Sunshine Law training webpage at
oip.hawaii.gov.
Boards subject to the Sunshine Law, Part I of Chapter 92, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS), are generally required to conduct all business in open meetings that have been properly noticed to allow for public participation. This Quick Review
discusses an exception to the open meeting requirement for “permitted interaction groups” or “PIGs,” as set forth in section 92-2.5(b), HRS. While other types of permitted interactions were previously discussed in Part 2 of this Quick Review series, this article explains how members of a board may form a PIG to investigate or to negotiate a matter.
PIGs Established to Investigate
Two or more members of a board, but less than the number of members which would constitute a quorum, may be assigned to investigate a matter relating to the
official business of their board.
In order for a board to take action on a matter investigated by a PIG, three separate board meetings must occur in the order described below. At the FIRST meeting of the full board, the investigative PIG is formed and the scope of the
investigation and the scope of each member's authority are defined. No new members or issues can be added to the PIG after the first board meeting. The PIG may then conduct its investigation outside of open meetings, which may take months to complete.
At a SECOND meeting of the full board, the findings and recommendations of the
PIG are presented to the board, but the board cannot discuss or act on the report at this meeting.
•A PIG may present its findings to the full board in an executive session if the
reason for entering into the executive meeting is one of those set forth insection 92-5(a), HRS, or other law. For example, if a PIG was created toinvestigate whether to take certain disciplinary action against an employee, itmay present its findings to the full board in accordance with section92-5(a)(2), HRS, which allows boards to enter executive meetings to consider
the discipline of an employee. In such a situation, OIP generally recommends
Communication Number 2023-14
Quick Review: Who Board Members Can Talk To and When Part 3 (Dec. 2022)
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that the PIG also present a “sanitized” report during the public session that omits the confidential information but informs the public of the general nature of the PIG’s findings and recommendations, so the public is at least generally
informed of the PIG’s work and has something upon which to base testimony
at the subsequent meeting where the board will discuss and perhaps act on the report. After the PIG makes its report to the board at the second meeting, the PIG
is automatically dissolved and should not continue working. The Sunshine Law
does not allow a PIG to make more than one report or to continue working on its assignment after its report, so a PIG should not be providing “updates” on its work or more than one report. See OIP Op. Ltr. No. F23-01 on OIP’s Opinions page for an in-depth discussion on investigative PIGs.
The board cannot discuss, deliberate, or make any decisions regarding the PIG’s report until a THIRD meeting held separately and after the meeting at which the findings and recommendations of the investigation were presented by the PIG.
Waiting until a subsequent board meeting to discuss and act on the PIG’s report gives the public the opportunity to present informed testimony at the meeting where the board will discuss and act on the report. Some Practical Considerations for Investigative PIGs
• A PIG is fundamentally a permitted interaction with detailed reporting requirements, not a special type of committee.
• Because they are a permitted interaction rather than a type of committee, PIGs are not subject to the Sunshine Law’s requirements for giving notice, holding open meetings, or keeping minutes.
• PIG members may communicate by interactive technology (Skype, teleconference, etc.), and by email, telephone, etc., on matters within the scope of the PIG’s authority without violating the Sunshine Law.
• Although a PIG is not required to hold public meetings, it can choose to do so if it wishes.
• PIGs may solicit input from the public as part of an investigation without the need of filing a meeting agenda in accordance with the Sunshine Law.
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• A PIG may include among its members people who are not members of the board that created the PIG. A PIG may also consult with others (i.e., staff,
members of the public, individuals with expertise in a field, stakeholders, etc.)
in furtherance of its investigation, but should NOT consult with other members of its parent board.
• Members of a board who are not part of the PIG may NOT attend PIG meetings or be included in PIG communications.
• Before the PIG reports to the board, PIG members should not discuss the
status of their investigation with other board members who are not part of the PIG.
• A standing committee of a board may create a PIG, and such PIGs must
follow all the requirements of section 92-2.5(b), HRS, including reporting back
to the committee that created them.
• Sometimes, it may be better for a board to establish a temporary committee
instead of a PIG, or to delegate authority to one member to perform a task and report back to the board. See OIP Op. Ltr. No. F23-01 at 15-16 for more information.
• A PIG may continue its work after the loss of a PIG member. For example, if
a PIG’s member’s term on the board ends, that member also ceases to be a PIG member, but the PIG can continue working with the remaining original members. The board should not substitute another board member into that vacant PIG position. The PIG’s membership was previously established at
the initial meeting that created the PIG and new members cannot be added.
The PIG can continue without the now-departed member, but if a board wants to change the PIG’s membership, it should first allow the current PIG to report back and automatically dissolve. After hearing the investigative PIG’s report and waiting until a subsequent board meeting to discuss and act on the
report, the board can then create a new PIG to carry on the now-dissolved
PIG’s work.
• Similarly, once a PIG is formed, the board may not add new assigned tasks to
an existing PIG.
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PIGs Established to Negotiate Another less common type of PIG can be formed when two or more members of
a board, but less than a quorum, are assigned to present, discuss, or negotiate any
position adopted by the board at a meeting. The assignment of members to a PIG for the purpose of negotiation, and the scope of each member's authority, must be defined at a board meeting prior to the presentation, discussion, or negotiation. The three-meeting requirement for investigative PIGs does not apply to PIGs established to
negotiate.
As a final note, boards should keep in mind that they may be subject to other laws or rules in addition to the Sunshine Law, which could affect members’ ability to discuss pending matters. This may be particularly relevant for boards that exercise
adjudicatory functions (which are not subject to the Sunshine Law), as they must
generally avoid ex parte communications. Similarly, some boards are subject to confidentiality provisions outside the Sunshine Law, and if a board is involved in a procurement, it must follow procurement laws. Boards should consult with their own attorneys on the application of such laws and rules.