HomeMy WebLinkAboutPD Recommendation Report PL-USE-2024-000029 1
RCrownCastleUSE.10/15/24 COUNTY OF HAWAI‘I PLANNING DEPARTMENT RECOMMENDATION REPORT CROWN CASTLE USE PERMIT APPLICATION (PL-USE-2024-000029)
Upon review of the request against the guidelines for approving a Use Permit, the
Planning Director recommends that a Use Permit to allow the replacement of an existing 73-
foot, 6-inch-tall wood pole telecommunication tower with a new 73-foot, 6-inch-tall steel
monopole and equipment compound within an 872-square feet portion of a larger 23.651-
acre parcel, be approved by the Planning Commission. The Planning Director reserves the
right to modify and/or alter this position based upon additional information presented at the
public hearing. This approval is based on the following findings:
The applicant, Crown Castle, is seeking a Use Permit to allow the construction of
a new 73-foot, 6-inch-tall steel monopole on an 872-square foot portion of a larger
23.651-acre parcel. The facility will also include 4 panel antennas, 4 remote radio heads,
and 2 hybrid cables attached to the pole, with 1 new site support cabinet, 1 battery
cabinet, and 1 Alternative Access Vendor cabinet at ground-level and the removal of one
wood pole, one baseband unit (BBU) cabinet, two remote radio units (RRU), two remote
radio units, and two triplexers. Three (3) proposed equipment cabinets will be installed
on three existing concrete pads. The four (4) additional antennas will be added at a top
height of 75 feet. Ground disturbance will be limited to the installation of the new steel
monopole within the existing 30-foot by 29-foot fenced compound lease area for the
wireless communication facility. The tower will be constructed of structural galvanized
steel and built to withstand a 174-mph wind load and will have the ability to
accommodate other carriers. This new tower will replace the existing 73-foot, 6-inch-tall
wood telecommunication pole, which was constructed in 1997 but is now structurally
deficient to accommodate equipment upgrades. The applicant is requesting approval to
upgrade the existing tower with one that does not substantially change the physical
dimensions of such tower or base station. The proposed facility would be unmanned, and
maintenance and repair activities will be performed by a technician on a periodic basis.
According to the applicant, their tenant T-Mobile has been operating from this
facility and desires to upgrade their equipment. The physical condition of the existing
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tower is poor and will not support the tenant’s requirements for equipment upgrade.
Moreover, the existing pole is made of wood and is over twenty-five years old. Age and
environmental conditions make the pole incapable of structurally supporting the
equipment needed to provide improved wireless services in the surrounding area. The
objective of this project is to provide stronger wireless infrastructure to serve the
surrounding community. This would mean improved coverage and service quality within
Kaloko Mauka and Kalaoa. This would also allow a better signal hand-off to existing
facilities located along Highways 11 and 19.
While the existing tower consists of one anchor tenant (T-Mobile), the proposed
replacement tower will allow the potential for future co-location by other carriers.
T-Mobile currently operates a wireless facility at the subject location with
antennas at a height of 73 feet and 64 feet on Crown Castle’s existing 73-foot, 6-inch-tall
wood pole tower. With the replacement of the existing pole with the proposed 73-foot, 6-
inch-tall steel monopole, T-Mobile’s upgraded antennas will reach an overall height of 75
feet. The height will allow clean handoff of signals to and from nearby existing T-Mobile
telecommunication sites.
The Telecommunications Act of 1996, Section 704, as amended, recognizes the
absence of health hazards from wireless radio wave transmissions and prohibits local
authorities from regulating the placement of such towers based on environmental effects,
so long as the towers comply with the Federal Communication Commission’s (FCC)
guidelines. The applicant and subsequent tenant telecommunication service providers will
comply with all Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) rules.
The facility was initially developed by Western PCS II Corporation, which is now
T-Mobile and received Plan Approval from the Planning Department on April 2, 1997.
Pursuant to Section 25-4-61(a) of the Hawaiʻi County Code, the existing facility is
considered a nonconforming use.
Prior to 2007, Hawaiʻi County required a Special Permit for the construction and
operation of wireless communication antennas and towers in the State Land Use
Agricultural District. However, in 2007, the Hawai’i State Legislature adopted Act 171,
allowing wireless communication antennas and towers as a permitted use in the State
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Land Use Agricultural District with no Special Permit required by the County Planning
Commission. In response, in 2010, the Hawai’i County Council adopted Ordinance 10-
17, which allows a telecommunication antenna or tower in the County Agricultural
district if a Use Permit is first granted by the County Planning Commission. Per the
County of Hawaiʻi’s response to a Request for Zoning Verification dated June 13, 2013,
the replacement of the existing telecommunication pole and its support facility would
require the issuance of a Use Permit from the Planning Commission.
In considering a Use Permit for any proposed use Rule 7 of the Planning
Commission Rules of Practice and Procedure, relating to Use Permits, requires that such
action conform to the following guidelines:
A. The granting of the proposed use shall be consistent with the general purpose of the zoned district, the intent and purpose of the Zoning Code
and the County General Plan;
B. The granting of the proposed use shall not be materially detrimental to the public welfare nor cause substantial adverse impact to the community’s character or to surrounding properties; and
C. The granting of the proposed use shall not unreasonably burden public agencies to provide roads and streets, sewers, water, drainage, school improvements, police and fire protection and other related infrastructure.
The proposed request meets the guidelines for approval of a Use Permit, for the
reasons outlined below:
The granting of the proposed use shall be consistent with the general purpose
of the zoning district, the intent and purpose of the Zoning Code and the County
General Plan. The Use Permit process allows for the evaluation of a proposed project on
a case-by-case basis in terms of infrastructure, impacts on surrounding properties, and
consistency with the goals and policies of the County General Plan. The Zoning Code
permits telecommunication antennas and towers within the Agricultural zoning district,
provided a Use Permit is approved by the Planning Commission.
The Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide (LUPAG) Map component of the General
Plan is a representation of the document’s goals and policies to guide the coordinated
growth and development of the County. It reflects a graphic depiction of the physical
relationship among the various land uses. The LUPAG Map established the basic urban
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and non-urban form for areas within the County. The General Plan designation for this
property is Extensive Agriculture, which includes lands that are not capable of producing
sustained, high agricultural yields without the intensive application of modern farming
methods and technologies due to certain physical constraints such as soil composition,
slope, machine till ability and climate. Allowable uses within these areas may include
community and public facilities. Telecommunication facilities may be allowed in this
area with the approval of a Use Permit from the Planning Commission.
Telecommunication technology has evolved dramatically over the past decade,
making wireless communication more affordable and accessible. However, the placement
of telecommunication towers, often in prominent locations to ensure clear signal
transmission, can raise concerns about visual impacts. The General Plan emphasizes that
scenic views and vistas should be preserved when designing facilities such as
telecommunication towers.
A standard in the Public Utilities element of the General Plan states that in the
development and placement of telephone facilities, such as lines, telecommunications and
cellular towers, poles, and substations, the design of the facilities shall consider the
existing environment, and scenic view and vistas shall be considered and preserved
where possible. While the 75-foot-tall telecommunication tower will be visible from
surrounding properties at high elevations, the impact to these properties should be
minimal as this will be a replacement to an existing tower that has been there for over 25
years. The tower will not be visible from Māmalahoa Highway and given the distance of
the proposed telecommunication tower from the highway and the shoreline, the scale of
the visual impacts will be limited due to the tower’s relationship to the forested areas and
ranch lands that predominate at the subject elevation. There are no General Plan
designated natural beauty sites or vistas located in the vicinity of the subject property.
The General Plan discusses the importance of protecting native/endangered
species in order to maintain an ecological balance for the well-being of the island.
According to the applicant, the parcel is vegetated with grass and a sparse grove of 50-
foot-tall trees. While the application does not reference any listed or endangered animal
species, the surrounding area includes the Puʻu Waʻawaʻa Forest Bird Sanctuary that may
be home to species such as the Hawaiian Owl (Pueo), Hawaiian Hawk (ʻIo), Hawaiian
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Honeycreepers (Iʻiwi and ʻApapane), Hawaiian Goose (Nēnē), and the Hawaiian Hoary
Bat (ʻŌpeʻapeʻa). Based on best management practices for mitigating potential impacts,
mitigation conditions will be applied to the permit to avoid or minimize impacts on these
species.
Based on the preceding, the request is consistent with the general purpose of the
zoned district, the intent and purpose of the Zoning Code and the County of Hawaiʻi
General Plan.
The granting of the proposed use shall not be materially detrimental to the
public welfare nor cause substantial, adverse impact to the community’s character
or to the surrounding properties. The proposed facility will be located within the
existing 872-square foot lease area of the parcel. There is a residence located near the
parcel’s north boundary line. The property is zoned A-20A and is not fully developed.
The existing facility is enclosed by an existing 6-foot-tall chain link fence with locked
gates to control access to the facility. The existing site has been completely disturbed and
graded during the original construction over 25 years ago.
Properties situated immediately to the north, south, east, and west are zoned
Agricultural (A-20a). Immediate surrounding properties are characterized by forested
areas with scattered farm dwellings and some agricultural uses.
According to the applicant, the facility does not generate noise and the operation
of the antenna does not present health hazards or cause interference with other electronic
appliances and equipment. No traffic impact is expected once construction is completed,
as service personnel will visit the site only on an as needed basis.
No exterior lighting is proposed on the tower and therefore will not impact the
surrounding community. It is anticipated that the upgrade of the telecommunication
facility will be beneficial to the surrounding community and will increase wireless
coverage and improved services throughout Kaloko Mauka and nearby communities, as
well as for those who travel along Hawaiʻi Belt Road. The upgraded facility will also
improve signal handoffs to existing infrastructure servicing Highways 11 and 19.
Therefore, based on the above, the proposed use shall not be materially
detrimental to the public welfare nor cause substantial, adverse impact to the
community’s character or to surrounding properties.
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The granting of the proposed use will not unreasonably burden public
agencies to provide roads and streets, sewer, water, drainage, school improvements,
police and fire protection and other related infrastructure. Access to the facility will
be off Kaloko Drive to Huehue Street to an existing, private gravel driveway on subject
property. Electricity is provided via overhead utility poles. No public expenditures for
road, street, sewer, water, drainage, school, or increased police or fire protection are
required. Finally, the applicant and/or any telecommunication service provider tenant will
be required to meet all applicable agency requirements, including the Federal
Communications Commission and the Federal Aviation Administration.
In addition to the criteria for granting a Use Permit, the request is not
contrary to Chapter 205A, Hawaiʻi Revised Statutes, relating to Coastal Zone
Management Area. The subject property is located about 8 miles from the nearest
shoreline and is not located in the Special Management Area, and therefore will not be
impacted by coastal hazards and beach erosion. There are no identified coastal
recreational resources, coastal scenic and open space resources, coastal ecosystems, and
beach or marine resources in the area, thus the proposed request will not adversely impact
coastal resources. Additionally, there is no record of a designated public access to the
shoreline or mountain areas that traverses the property, and no gathering or other
traditional practices have been documented.
The request will not have a significant adverse impact to traditional and
customary Hawaiian rights. In view of the Hawaiʻi State Supreme Court’s “PASH” and
“Ka Paʻakai O KaʻAina” decisions, the issue relative to native Hawaiian gathering and
fishing rights must be addressed in terms of the cultural, historical, and natural resources
and the associated traditional and customary practices of the site:
Investigation of valued resources: A cultural resources review and field inspection
was completed in the Historic Properties Review and Assessment which was prepared by
ASM, dated March 22, 2024 and was included in the report. Upon review of this report,
in a letter dated May 17, 2024, the Department of Land and Natural Resources-State
Historic Preservation Division (SHPD) concurred that no historic properties will be
affected by the proposed project.
The valued cultural, historical, and natural resources found in the area: The
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review indicated that there were no significant sites located on the subject property as
well as within the half-mile radius of the area of potential effects.
Possible adverse effect or impairment of valued resources: While it is unlikely
that native plants or endangered species will be impacted, due to the development's
existing footprint, mitigation measures will be implemented because of the property's
proximity to a forest reserve.
Feasible actions to protect native Hawaiian rights: The Planning Department does
not have record of cultural gathering taking place on the site. Thus, to the extent to which
traditional and customary native Hawaiian rights are exercised, the proposed action will
not affect traditional Hawaiian rights; therefore, no action is necessary to protect these
rights. An condition will be added requiring notification to the SHPD in the unlikely
event cultural or historic resources are discovered on the property during construction
activities.
Lastly, this approval is made with the understanding that the applicant remains
responsible for complying with all other applicable governmental requirements in
connection with the approved use, prior to its commencement or establishment upon the
subject properties. Additional governmental requirements may include the issuance of
building permits, the installation of approved wastewater disposal systems, compliance
with the Fire Code, installation of improvements required by the American with
Disabilities Act (ADA) among many others. Compliance with all applicable
governmental requirements is a condition of this approval; failure to comply with such
requirements will be considered a violation that may result in enforcement action by the
Planning Department and/or affected agencies.
Based on the above, it is recommended that the request to replace an existing 73-
foot, 6-inch-tall wood telecommunication tower with a new 73-foot, 6-inch-tall steel
monopole with related equipment be approved by the Planning Commission. Approval of
this request is subject to the following conditions:
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1. The applicant, its successors or assigns (“Applicant”) shall be responsible for
complying with all stated conditions of approval.
2. Construction and operation of the telecommunication facility shall be conducted in a
manner that is substantially representative of plans and details as contained within the
Use Permit application accepted on September 12, 2024 and representations made to
the Leeward Planning Commission.
3. To mitigate visual impacts the applicant shall maintain the existing landscaping to
screen the facility and tower from public views along Huehue Street.
4. Construction of the telecommunication facility shall be completed within five (5)
years from the effective date of this permit. Prior to construction, the Applicant shall
secure Final Plan Approval for the proposed development from the Planning Director
in accordance with Sections 25-2-71, 25-2-72, 25-2-73, 25-2-74 and 25-4-12, Chapter
25 (Zoning Code), Hawai‘i County Code. The monopole tower shall be located as
shown in the Applicant’s site plan, submitted on September 12, 2024. Plans shall
identify proposed structures, fire protection measures, access easements, fencing and
related facilities associated with the use. The tower/antenna plans shall be stamped
by a licensed structural engineer.
5. Prior to commencement of operation of the facility, the Applicant shall secure and
finalize any building permits for the proposed use required by the Department of
Public Works - Building Division.
6. To protect any Hawaiian hoary bats in the vicinity of the property, barbed wire
fencing shall not be used in the permit area and woody vegetation over 15 feet in
height shall not be disturbed, trimmed or removed during bat birthing and pup rearing
season of June 1st to September 15th without first conducting surveys for bat nests
and coordinating with US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) if nests are found.
Surveys shall be conducted by a qualified biologist.
7. To protect any Hawaiian hawks in the vicinity of the property, ground clearing,
grubbing activities and construction shall not occur in the permit area during hawk
breeding season of March 1st to September 30th without first conducting surveys for
hawk nests and coordinating with USFWS if nests are found. Surveys shall be
conducted by a qualified ornithologist and are only valid for 14 days. Ground
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clearing or construction shall not occur within 1,600 feet of any active Hawaiian
hawk nest during the breeding season. Regardless of the time of year, trimming or
cutting trees containing a hawk nest is prohibited.
8. To minimize potential project impacts to the threatened Hawaiian goose (Nēnē), the
Applicant shall implement the following applicable measures: Do not approach, feed
or disturb Nēnē. If Nēnē are observed loafing or foraging within the project area
during Nēnē breeding season (September through April), have a biologist familiar
with the nesting behavior of Nēnē survey for nests in and around the project area
prior to the resumption of any work, repeat surveys after any subsequent delay of
work of three or more days (during which the birds may attempt to nest). Cease all
work immediately and contact the US Fish and Wildlife Service for further guidance
if a nest is discovered within a radius of 150 feet of proposed work, or a previously
undiscovered nest is found within said radius after work begins. Nēnē are known to
be present, post and implement reduced speed limits, and inform project personnel
and contractors about the presence of endangered species on-site.
9. To protect the ʻIʻiwi, the applicant shall avoid conducting activities within the forest
bird habitat that: 1) Promote the spread or survival of invasive species; 2) Increase
mosquito populations or stagnant water habitat; 3) Increase wildfire threat to montane
forest habitats; and 4) Remove tree cover during the peak breeding season between
January 1 and June 30.
10. To protect any seabirds (Hawaiian petrels, Newell’s shearwaters and band-rumped
storm petrel) in the vicinity of the property, any lighting shall be fully shielded so that
the bulb can only be seen from below bulb height. The lights shall be turned off when
human activity is not occurring in the lighted area.
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11. To prevent the spread of Rapid ‘Ōhi‘a Death, a survey of the proposed site shall be
conducted two weeks prior to any tree cutting to determine if there are any infected
‘ōhi‘a trees. If infected ‘ōhi‘a are suspected at the site, the Applicant shall contact the
appropriate agencies at UH-Hilo and USDA for further guidance. If ‘ōhi‘a trees will
be cut during construction, the Applicant shall follow procedures as described by the
College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR).
12. All development runoff shall be disposed of on site and shall not be direct toward any
adjacent properties.
13. Co-location of antennas upon the proposed tower and the addition of related support
and ground equipment is required within the parameters of the tower height and
ground lease area as approved by the Planning Commission without amendment of
this permit or further Plan Approval. Co-location beyond the parameters approved by
this permit but that results in less than a ‘substantial change’ to the tower height and
ground lease area, as defined by the Federal Communication Commission, is allowed
without amendment of this permit, provided Plan Approval has been issued by the
Planning Director for the co-location. Co-location that results in a ‘substantial
change’ to the tower height and ground lease area, as defined by the Federal
Communication Commission, requires an amendment of this permit.
14. Within 120 days of the permanent abandonment of the tower, the Applicant shall
remove the tower and its antenna and accessory structures (including the equipment
building and the fence), down to, but not including the concrete foundation. The
Applicant shall immediately provide written notification to the Planning Director of
the termination of the telecommunication tower and related improvements and the
removal of all structures.
15. In the event that surface or subsurface historic resources, including human skeletal
remains, structural remains (e.g., rock walls, terraces, platforms, etc.), cultural
deposits, marine shell concentrations, sand deposits, or sink holes are identified
during the demolition and/or construction work, the Applicant shall cease work in
the immediate vicinity of the find, protect the find from additional disturbance and
contact the State Historic Preservation Division at (808) 933-7651. Subsequent work
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shall proceed upon an archaeological clearance from DLNR-SHPD when it finds
that sufficient mitigation measures have been taken.
16. The Applicant shall comply with all applicable County, State and Federal laws,
rules, regulations and requirements, including but not limited to, the Federal
Aviation Administration and the Federal Communications Commission.
17. An initial extension of time for the performance of conditions of the permit may be
granted by the Planning Director upon the following circumstances:
A. Non-performance is the result of conditions that could not have been
foreseen or are beyond the control of the Applicant, successors or assigns,
and that are not the result of their fault or negligence.
B. Granting of the time extension would not be contrary to the General Plan
or the Zoning Code.
C. Granting of the extension would not be contrary to the original reasons for
the granting of the permit.
D. The time extension granted shall be for a period not to exceed the period
originally granted for performance (i.e., a condition to be performed
within one year may be extended for up to one additional year).
18. Should any of the conditions not be met or substantially complied with in a timely
fashion, the Director may initiate procedures to revoke the permit.