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County of Hawaii Department of Finance
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2024 ANNUAL REPORT TO THE MAYOR
Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources
Preservation Commission
C.Kimo Alameda,Ph.D. o��t.r,gs yam' Deborah Chang
Mayor . Alex Kelepolo,Chair
Amedeo Markoff
William V.Brilhante,Jr.
*• Deborah J.Ward
Managing Director Q.- -.-� Jodie Rosam,Vice Chair
��r•� :':•.�* Justin Lee
Cayla Crivello
County of Hawaii
PUBLIC ACCESS, OPEN SPACE, AND NATURAL RESOURCES
PRESERVATION COMMISSION
25 Aupuni Street- Suite No. 1101 • Hilo, Hawaii 96720-4245
Phone (808) 961-8069 • Fax(808) 961-8248
December 19, 2024
The Honorable C. Kimo Alameda, Ph.D.
Mayor, County of Hawaii
25 Aupuni Street, Suite 2603
Hilo,Hawaii 96720
Dear Mayor Alameda,
It is my privilege to present the 2024 Annual Report of the Public Access, Open Space, and
Natural Resources Preservation Commission(PONC). This report reflects the collective efforts
of the Commission and the community to protect and preserve Hawaii Island's invaluable open
spaces and natural resources.
This year, the Commission continued its mission by reviewing and prioritizing properties that
embody the values of preservation,public access, and resource protection. The 2024 Prioritized
List highlights ten properties, each carefully evaluated for its urgency,public benefit, cultural
and environmental significance, and management potential. These properties, detailed in the
report,represent the community's vision for a sustainable future and the ongoing commitment to
safeguarding our island's heritage.
A significant highlight of 2024 was the progress made by the Department of Finance in
streamlining the stewardship grant process. These enhancements addressed longstanding
inefficiencies and realigned the program with its original intent. From clearer timelines to
improved evaluation tools, these changes are helping ensure that grants effectively support the
preservation of acquired properties and fulfill the program's purpose.
Looking ahead, the Commission will continue its efforts to identify and prioritize properties for
preservation, support the stewardship grant program, and enhance processes to ensure
transparency and effectiveness. While challenges such as staffing limitations persist, we remain
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Hawai`i County is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer
confident that ongoing improvements and collaboration will strengthen the program's ability to
achieve its purpose.
On behalf of the Commission, I extend our gratitude to you, the County Council,Department of
Finance, and the community for continued support. Together, we ensure that the natural and
cultural treasures of Hawaii Island are protected for the benefit of future generations.
Me ka ha`aha`a,
Alex Kelepolo
Chair
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Hawai`i County is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer
PREAMBLE
PUBLIC ACCESS,OPEN SPACE,AND NATURAL RESOURCES PRESERVATION PROGRAM
The Public Access, Open Space,and Natural Resources Preservation Program (PONP) serves two
primary purposes:
1. Facilitating the acquisition of eligible properties through the Preservation Fund(referred to
as "The Fund").
2. Managing these acquired properties using the Preservation Maintenance Fund(referred to
as the "PM Fund").
The Public Access, Open Space,and Natural Resources Preservation Commission (PONC)was
established to assist in this process.The Commission's responsibilities include:
Developing an island-wide prioritized list of qualifying lands for preservation and
submitting it to the mayor.This list outlines the significance of each parcel or entitlement,
explains the reasons for its priority,and describes its anticipated use after acquisition.
Updating this list as needed,but at least annually by December 31.
Exploring funding opportunities for conservation easements or land acquisition and making
recommendations to the mayor,with an emphasis on leveraging County contributions to
secure State,Federal, and private funding.
Reviewing Stewardship Grant Applications and recommending eligible non-profit
organizations to the Department of Finance for stewarding properties purchased with The
Fund.
In 2 02 4,the program focused on maintaining its mission to uphold the values that guide its work.
These values ensure that the people of Hawaii County are the true beneficiaries. By protecting
lands from development, safeguarding numerous cultural sites, and preserving endangered species,
the program continues to honor its commitment to preserving the natural and cultural heritage of
Hawaii,often referred to as the "Endangered Species Capital of the World."
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Public Access,Open Space,and Natural Resources Preservation Commission and County program staff
2024 ANNUAL REPORT TO THE MAYOR
The Department of Finance, through its Public Access, Open Space and Natural Resources Preservation
Commission (PONC), is submitting this 2024 Annual Report to the Mayor, which includes the 2024
Prioritized List of Properties that was submitted to this Commission on or before the deadline date of
January 31, 2024, according to the Hawaii County Code Section 2-217.
2024 Prioritized List
In developing the 2024 Prioritized List, the Commission considered properties submitted on the 2024
Suggestion Forms, heard public testimony, reviewed communications, conducted interviews, conducted
site visits, and scored accordingly to the Assessment Criteria Form. The Commission developed its
prioritized ranking order based on reported urgency, anticipated use, significance, the benefit to the public,
unique funding opportunities available for acquisition, and a proposed management plan. In 2015, the
Commission amended its rules to include only those properties that scored 50%or higher on the prioritized
list for consideration. Included in this report are detailed descriptions, maps, and summaries of all
properties that scored above the 50%threshold
No. % Suee. Nomination Tax Map Key No.
1 87.429 24-04 Kapalaoa 7-1-003:004, 005, 006, 011
2 86.714 24-05 Kawainui Makai 2-7-011:001 &2-7-010:027
3 85.714 24-07 Kaohe 1-3 8-7-009:005
4 85.714 24-01 Honalo Ahupua'a 7-9-005:008, 009, 039, 040
5 82.143 24-09 Upolu Point 5-5-007:002
6 78.333 24-08 Honu'apo 9-5-014:060, 029
7 77.667 24-02 Joseph Rock Arboretum 7-4-008:057
8 71.833 24-06 Nam Kai Hoku Farm Agricultural Easement 5-5-008:069
9 71.000 24-10 Minuke Ole Corral Bull Pen 6-7-002:055
10 51.714 24-03 Kaloko Residential Park 7-3-009:028
The commission members have written summaries for each of these prioritized properties,which are provided
at the end of this report.
Commission Meetines
Regular meetings of the commission for the transaction of its business are held in person on the second
Monday of every alternate month. In 2024,the following meetings were held:
January 8 - CANCELLED July 8 (Kona)
March 11 (Kona) September 9(Hilo)—NO QUORUM.
Meeting rescheduled and held on October 7
May 13 (Hilo) November 18 (Kona)
Commission Members
The commission consists of nine members representing each of the districts on Hawaii Island. In
2024, the seat for District 3 remained vacant after the previous commissioner's term expired on
December 31, 2023. Below is a list of commissioners who served in 2024.
Name Term Expires Council District No.
Deborah Chang 12/31/27 1
Alex Kelepolo, Chair 12/31/24 2
VACANT 12/31/23 3
Amedeo Markoff 12/31/27 4
Debbie Ward 12/31/25 5
Jodie Rosam,Vice Chair 12/31/26 6
Justin Lee 12/31/24 7
Cayla Crivello 12/31/25 8
Kamuela Plunkett 12/31/25 9
Stewardship Grants
In 2024,the Finance Department made significant strides in streamlining and enhancing the stewardship grant
process.These efforts addressed long-standing inefficiencies and realigned procedures with the original intent
of the Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation Fund.Key improvements include the
introduction of a structured timeline, enhanced evaluation tools for commissioners, and improved
communication with grant applicants.
Highlights of the Revamped Process:
• Preliminary Application Review: Property Management now prepares preliminary reports and
summary evaluations for commissioners ahead of meetings.
• Established Scoring and Evaluation Tools: New scoring sheets have been developed to ensure
consistent and transparent evaluations,aligning with the criteria used for property acquisition reviews.
While these scoring sheets were not implemented this year, the Commission will consider their use
for future evaluations.
• Clear Deadlines, Communication, and Final Decisions: Standardized deadlines for applicant
responses, commissioner evaluations, and final recommendations have been established to maintain
a clear and predictable schedule. These changes aim to facilitate timely execution of agreements and
bring the program back on track to meet its intended timeline.
In addition to process enhancements,the Finance Department has resolved many outstanding contracts from
prior years and is transitioning the program from a reimbursement-based model to a forward-focused, annual
funding schedule. This transition supports the program's goals of ensuring grants meet legal requirements,
align with the purpose of property acquisitions, and effectively protect resources.
These changes reflect a collaborative and adaptive approach to program administration,enhancing efficiency,
improving decision-making,and better supporting both commissioners and applicants.
PRIORITY#1: KAPALAOA
(Suggestion 24-04, Scored 87.429%)
Tax Map Key No.(3) 7-1-003:004, 005, 006, &011, consisting of approximately 21.488 acres of the
Pu`uanahulu ahupua`a, in the District of North Kona, Hawaii.
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The Kapalaoa property is surrounded by State land, all of which is currently under conservation stewardship
guided and supported in partnership by lineal descendants, non-profit grassroots organizations, and
government agencies.
The `ili of Kapalaoa is a wahi kupuna (ancestral landscape) located within the ahupua`a of Pu`uanahulu in
the Kekahawai`ole Region or"Waterless lands"of North Kona. Known for the extensive sprawls of
pahoehoe and VA lava, sparse rains, and extreme exposure to heat and sun, Kekahawai`ole is a harsh
environment where water is considered precious and the people are resilient. Surface water in this region is
rare,with water running underground and unseen to the foreign eye. It is a cherished cultural landscape
that represents a rich history to the families who originally lived here and continue to share connections to it
to date.
The approximately 21.49 acre-property itself has fallen under several different owners over the years and
current ownership resides with RCS Kapalaoa LLC. Lineal descendants with deeper understanding and
knowledge of this property's natural and cultural resource value have strongly opposed its development,
but previous landowners were able to change a section of the property, TMK(3) 7-1-003:011 from
conservation to homeowner classification. The current sellers are actively listing the property for$19.5
million proposing "unparalleled seclusion and tranquility,"and a"private white sand beach,"to interested
buyers. The formermost landowner purchased the property by means of a loan and then later defaulted to
the lender or financial institution. Since the landowner is an institution and not an individual, the
landowner's sole objective is to "dispose of the asset"and sell to the first interested buyer that comes
along. There is no appeal to this institution to be patient on the purchase due to this need to dispose of the
asset, making the level of urgency of this acquisition extremely high.
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Abundant in marine resources Kapalaoa represents a storied multi-generational landscape and thriving
coastal fishing village.
A small coastal fishing village known for fishing and salt making, Kapalaoa is a thriving coastline home to a
variety of aquatic species within a larger coastal area known for its abundant marine resources. Within the
property is a system of anchialine pools with `opae`ula (Halocaridina rubra), once used for palu (bait balls)
for fishing. The historic village of Kapalaoa is rich in ancient and historic trails, house sites, ceremonial
sites, petroglyphs, and is entirely surrounded by parcels in conservation stewardship. The KTholo State
Park Reserve which surrounds the property has successfully developed partnerships for co-management
through The Nature Conservancy (TNC), Hui Aloha KTholo 501(c)3 non-profit, and the Hawaii State Parks.
These entities, in addition to the National Park Service Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail and Na Ala Hele
State Trails program, have expressed strong support for the acquisition of this property and avid support for
the descendants as the primary stewards of these lands. The Kapaloa acquisition would be an opportunity
to not only protect a cherished landscape from development, but to return authority of its management and
stewardship to those families who have a multi-generational knowledge of this place and deeply-rooted
respect to the reciprocal relationship of land and its inhabitants.
Knowledge of these natural resources and its cultural significance are long-held and passed-down amongst
the families who originally resided on these lands. Their stories tether them to Kapalaoa in such a way that
most visitors are unaware of as they wander through this property and engage with this landscape. Should
the property remain unprotected from development, the loss of a valuable and rich cultural landscape would
be devastating to these families and prevent any future generations from perpetuating and upholding
unique place-based traditions associated with this wahi kopuna into the future.
ANTICIPATED USE
5rJ • The coastal portion of this property will likely be
the most used,with nearby residents and visitors
utilizing the coastline to access locations to the north
and south.
�� • Support to the community regarding appropriate
PT access to coastal resources as it pertains to culturally
sensitive areas within and adjacent to the property
" through educational outreach, and active presence and
stewardship.
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use of traditional ecological knowledge to exercise
cultural practices.
A r � �' �% • The property falls within the tropical dry forest
coastal region of North Kona and exhibits opportunities
to protect, conserve, and restore dry forest species
„ habitat.
Anchialine pools can be found throughout the
property, exemplifying the unique hydrology of the
Kekahawai`ole lands of North Kona.
SIGNIFICANCE AND MANAGEMENT
• A diverse range of native plant
species associated with tropical dry
forest coastal habitat are present
within this property, many of which are
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• An abundant and diverse ,, ���,�, � ,,, /%
representation of aquatic resources
exists along and within the coastline
and expands into the ocean.
• The historic Ala Nui Aupuni can be
located just inland of the property and
the ancient Ala Loa can be identified
throughout portions of the property, r:
providing an intact representation of a �" �" '
complex network of trails that extend
into an island-wide ancient and .� v ( R�
historic trails network.
• Special examples of the unique ,
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hydrology of the North Kona lands are
present on the property, serving as a , r
significant representation of the ,�,'�
Kekahawai`ole watershed(s). '
• Descendants of Kapalaoa are
invested in developing an appropriate
plan for the stewardship of this place.
Descendants Kapena and Alika (above) and other
members of the Alapa`i `ohana worked together during the
site visit to remove significant amounts of fishing net and
other marine debris from the tidal areas of the property.
SPECIAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACQUISITION AND/OR MANAGEMENT
• Partnerships are established and the community is in full-support of the properties protection and
appropriate stewardship.
• Identified partnerships include the descendant-led group Na `Oiwi o Pu`uanahulu, along with Hui
Aloha KTholo, The Nature Conservancy, Na Ala Hele State Trails Program, the Hawai`i State Parks
Program, and the National Park Service Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail.
• The seller is willing to sell for preservation.
STRENGTHS
• Acquisition of this property will support and strengthen the connection of Native Hawaiian Lineal
descendents to the lands which they once lived on for generations and will reconnect their families'
to a cultural landscape which they are responsible for having created, maintained, and brought to
life for hundreds of years.
• The ancient and historic trail system traverses through the property. These trails, along with coastal
to upland trails which transect and connect them, are a part of the Federally designated Ala
Kahakai National Historic Trail corridor and the Na Ala Hele State Trails system, affording them
both Federal and State protections.Additionally, as trails that have been identified and proven to
exist prior to the year 1892, these trails are afforded legal protections by the Highways Act of 1892
and are thus, owned by the State, regardless of the ownership of the property in its entirety.
• Identified partnerships between nonprofit 501(c)3 organizations, government agencies, and Native
Hawaiian descendants supports a multi-faceted and diverse range of community and perspectives
that will enhance and enrich community management and stewardship.
• Descendants with deeply-rooted and long-held relationships to the property are receiving full-
support by all partners and have significant guidance moving forward regarding stewardship and
land management planning.
WEAKNESSES
• No major weaknesses noted.
CONCERNS OR OTHER THOUGHTS
• The level of community support for the acquisition of this property was exceptional. It is apparent
that should the acquisition commence, stewardship of these lands will be an example of
collaborative landscape management and planning that will support a diverse community and their
love for place in perpetuity.
Report submitted by L. Crivello, 08/2024. Photos taken by Commissioner Crivello.
PRIORITY#2: KAWAINUI MAKAI
(Scored 86.714%)
TMK No.(s) (3) 2-7-011:01 and 2-7-010:027, consisting of approximately 81.19 acres in the ahupua'a
of Kawainui and Onomea, District of South Hilo, Hawai'i
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Aerial view of Kawainui Stream where it meets the ocean.
SITE DESCRIPTION
The properties encompass and border both sides of
Kawainui Stream, a major stream that meets the ,
ocean with a sizeable estuary and 'ili'ili(pebble)
beach.This is unlike many of the natural drainages
along the Hilo-Hamakua coastline, which often enter
the ocean via steep cliffs.The natural topography of
Kawainui makai enabled the landing and launching
of canoes during calm seas, an asset that would
have encouraged Native Hawaiian settlement.
Remnants of early settlements remain in the gulch
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where sugar was not cultivated. Y ��
Kawainui makai's large, relatively pristine estuary is
considered rare on the island and is of great interest
and value for scientific research. Estuaries are
valuable nurseries for freshwater and saltwater
aquatic species.They are known to be among the
most productive of natural habitats in the world. Kawainui makai's substantial estuary
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Kawainui Stream has been highly rated for its relatively undisturbed, natural conditions. Endemic freshwater
and brackish species are becoming increasingly rare due to stream channelization, pollution, water diversions,
development activities, competition from invasive, exotic species, etc. Kawainui Stream still appears to be a
haven for endemic freshwater species, such as the hihiwai(Neritina granosa), 'o'opu, (five endemic species in
need of study), 'opaekala'ole(Atyoida bisulcate), and Orangeblack Hawaiian Damselfly(Megalagrion
xanthomelas). The beach is an important feeding ground for the Hawaiian hawksbill sea turtle(Eretmochelys
imbricate).
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Outside of the Kawainui Stream gulch on more gently sloped terrain are approximately 50-acres of plantings of
African Mahogany(Khaya senegalensis), Teak(Tectona grandis), Honduran Mahogany(Swietenia
macrophylla), Queensland Maple (Flindersia brayleyana), and Pheasantwood (Senna siamea).The plantings
were started in 2000 and extend all the way from the old Mamalahoa Hwy.to the ocean bluffs on both sides of
the stream.
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ANTICIPATED USE
• The properties are presently for sale by the current owners, Na 'Aina Kai Botanical Gardens, a family trust
based on Kaua'i.
• Under the current landowners, the properties have been quietly and informally accessible for ocean
access by the community. It will be a significant loss of one of the few remaining publicly accessible
coastal areas in Hilo-Hamakua, should new landowners purchase the property and close off the
informal access.
• Should a POMC purchase occur here, an extremely rare opportunity would open to the public. Not only
are there ample recreational and food gathering opportunities here that would need to be carefully
managed, but the rare estuary and massive freshwater stream system offer educational and research
opportunities that could greatly benefit local and statewide knowledge of Hawaiian aquatic
ecosystems.
SIGNIFICANCE AND MANAGEMENT
• The Kawainui Makai estuary and associated stream system is quite possibly one of the best-preserved on
the island, due to its size and relatively undeveloped surrounding lands.
• Public acquisition would afford a rare opportunity to protect and study a unique ecosystem whose benefits
to the state's aquatic resources are not fully understood.
• Ocean accessibility is scarce in North and South Hilo and Hamakua Districts. Public acquisition of this
Kawainui/Onomea property would prevent loss of another rare ocean access in these districts.
SPECIAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACQUISITION AND/OR MANAGEMENT
• The properties are for sale, and the landowner is aware of PONC's interest and open to discussion with
the county.
• Presently, there are no POMC-acquired properties in North and South Hilo Districts. In the north side of
Hawai'i Island, only one property has been acquired so far: 1.8-acres in Hamakua District at the top of
Waipi'o Valley's lookout. Island-wide, there are no other POMC-acquired properties with similar
abundance of perennial stream, estuarine, and riparian resources, and the associated, scientific research
potentials.
• Public acquisition of these parcels would present the opportunity for community management of a
beloved area, cherished for its spectacular beauty, accessibility to the ocean, and abundant natural
resources.The Makahanaloa Fishing Association has proposed a stewardship plan which would engage
the broader community and is willing to spearhead the stewardship effort. A petition of support for the
acquisition signed by close to 50 local residents has been submitted.
• The Hamakua Community Development Plan Action Committee has endorsed the proposal to acquire
these properties.
• The Hawai'i State Division of Aquatic Resources has submitted a letter of support for this citizen-led effort
to preserve the Lower Kawainui River.
• Letters of support have been received from present and former County Council persons and several
nonprofit organizations.
• Much of the land along the lower elevations of the Hilo-Hamakua coast has been affected by extensive,
past sugar cane cultivation. Much of what remained of the earliest Native Hawaiian settlement, i.e., trails,
house sites, agricultural plots, shrines, temples, etc. were sadly scraped away and plowed under in favor
of sugar cultivation. Remnants of early settlements continue to exist in Kawainui Gulch. Understanding of
Native Hawaiian cultural practices of this part of the island could be increased through archaeological
study, oral histories, and cultural surveys, should the properties be publicly acquired.
• The tropical hardwoods that have been planted on the properties present unique and wide-ranging
possibilities. Stewardship groups, in consultation with the community, students, and forestry professionals,
could collaborate on ideas for potential uses of the high-value hardwoods.
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STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
Strengths
• Preservation of a relatively accessible, pristine and massive stream system and estuary that are
environmental assets to Hawai'i Island and the state.
• Protection and management of public access to the stream, estuary, and ocean, a rare opportunity in the
Hilo-Hamakua region.
• Continuation of multi-cultural traditions by conserving natural resources and the ability to access the ocean,
estuary, and stream.
• Opportunities and lessons to be learned from community management to ensure protection and
perpetuation of the natural and cultural resources for future generations.
• The Makahanaloa Fishing Association is working collaboratively with groups and individuals in the local
community to inform the public of the effort to acquire these properties, fundraise, and apply for cost-sharing
grants and matching fund opportunities.
• Potentials for historical, biological, and archaeological education and research to benefit Hawai'i Island and
the state.
• Presence of mature tropical hardwoods that add to the value of the properties.
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Kawainui Stream's
lower waterfall and
estuary
Weaknesses
• Possibility that the land will be sold to a private interest, which could end the informal public access to the
stream, estuary, and ocean that has been allowed by the current owners.
• Long POMC acquisition process, which allows time for the property to potentially be sold to a private
purchaser.
• If not publicly purchased, the critically valuable estuary, stream, and near-shore aquatic resources could
suffer from diminished water quality, should land alteration activities occur on the upper plateaus.
Report by Ms. Deborah Chang,Commissioner
Photos courtesy of Phaethon Keeney
August 23,2024
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PRIORITY#3: Kaohe 1-3, Kapalilua, Kona Hema
(Suggestion 24-07, Scored 85.714%)
Tax Map Key No.(3) 8-7-009:005 consisting of approximately 71.908 acres of the
Kaohe 1-3 ahupua`a, in the District of South Kona, Hawaii.
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This roughly 72-acre property in Kona Hema is currently owned by Daniel McKinley and is currently listed
on the open market for sale (since December 9, 2023). This parcel is adjacent(to the north)to the Kona
Paradise Subdivision and stretches from the ocean to the Malamahoa Highway. The coastal portion offers
access to Ka`ohe Bay (one of the few accessible bays in South Kona)to the south and to a State-owned
beach to the north (both often marketed as "private" beaches for the existing or proposed developments).
The coastal portion also includes the inland Ala Nui Aupuni (Old Government Road) and coastal Ala Loa
trail which provides coastal access connectivity across the entire South Kona coastline.Approximately 8.5
acres near the coastline are located within the Special Management Area (SMA).
Subject parcel(orange)and SMA boundary(dark red) as identified by the Hawaii SMA Locator.
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Historically, the `aina in this property, though seemingly barren, served as a place of major cultivation and
habitation.A 2008 AIS prepared by Thomas Wolforth and Tyler Paikuli-Campbell documented thirty-seven
cultural sites, including platforms, terraces, kuaiwi, planting depressions, trails, and walls, in addition to 45
acres of terraform village that included burials and heiau. The upper elevation area was primarily used for
habitation and agriculture (with radiocarbon dating back to AD 1400). The coastal portion included the
terraform, and was the site of a village, including heiau, habitation, burials, and agriculture (dating back to
AD 1200). At the time of the Mahele, dryland kalo (and likely `uala)were farmed in the mid and upper
elevations. By 1914, the Magoon family purchased many acres within and surrounding this parcel, and the
land was primarily used for cattle grazing. However, the rough `a`a terrain and the low rainfall have
maintained a landscape that is not heavily invaded by non-native species nor degraded.
The ancient and historic trail system traverses through the property. Segments of the ancient Ala Loa are
represented by ancient meandering tread-paths along the coastline, often converging into ocean access
areas and reappearing amidst the vegetation repeatedly to the north and south. The historic Ala Nui Aupuni
can be located just inland of these coastal trails, providing an intact representation of a complex network of
trails that can be found island-wide. These trails, along with coastal to upland trails which transect them,
are a part of the Federally designated Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail corridor and the Na Ala Hele State
Trails system, affording them both Federal and State protections. Because these trails have been identified
and proven to exist prior to 1892, these trails are afforded legal protections by the Highways Act of 1892
and are owned by the State, regardless of the ownership of the property in its entirety.
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The Ala Nui Aupuni spans the makai section of the The Ala Nui Aupuni as it traverses north, maintained by
property. Huaka`i La.
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The Ala Loa traverses through the vegetation near the The Ala Loa connects patches of ocean access along
shoreline. the coastline.
The property can be divided into three primary vegetation zones: coastal/lower-, middle-, and upper-
elevations. The coastal/lower elevations contain a few native species, including `ilie`e (Plumbago
zeylaniza), `uhaloa (Waltheria indica), and `ilima (Sida fallax). Makai of the Ala Nui Aupuni are at least four
remnant stumps of loulu, most likely the endangered Pritchardia maideniana,which are present in a
straight line just off of the trail, indicating that they were planted at some time. The basal diameter of these
trees implies that they were quite old prior to their decline, and with proper feral ungulate exclusion, this site
may serve as a successful reintroduction area for P. maideniana in the future. Dominant non-native species
in the coastal/lower elevations include `ekoa (Leucaena leucocephala), `opiums (Pithecellobium dulce),
sisal (Agave sisalana), and Christmas berry (Schinus terebinthifolius). Large individuals of sisal are present
along the Ala Nui Aupuni, and are currently being removed and managed by the Huaka`i La trail crew. The
mid-elevation portion of the property contains unique native plant species, including naio (Myoporum
sandwicense), rare maiapilo (Capparis sandwichiana), `akia (Wikstroemia monticola), noni (Morinda
citrifolia), and huehue (Cocculus orbiculatis). Dominant non-native species are primarily ekoa and
Christmas berry. In the uplands, native vegetation seen from the location visited during the site visit
included lama (Diospyros sandwicensis), kukui (Aleurites moluccana), and noni (along with laua`e or
Microsorum scolopendria as a ground cover), though it is likely that alahe`e (Psydrax odorata) and `ulei
(Osteomeles anthyllidifolia) are also preset in this elevational band. Dominant non-native species include
African tulip (Spathodea campanulata), autograph tree (Clusia rosea), Christmas berry, and `ekoa.A full
flora-fauna survey of the upper elevation could likely detect more native dryland species.
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Remnant loulu stumps line the Ala Nui Aupuni. Mid elevation includes open lava flows with trail
networks and native species,including `akia(light-
colored shrubs/small trees in the photo).
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Lama is present in the upper elevation of the property.
ANTICIPATED USE
• The coastal portion of this property will likely be the most used,with residents and visitors utilizing
the trail connectivity along the greater coastline and the two beach access locations to the north
and south.
• The lowland dry forest can eventually serve as reintroduction sites for native plant species.
• The entire property can be utilized as an "outdoor classroom"for `opio, residents, and visitors.
There is already a partnership with a Konawaena Middle School teacher wanting to bring students
on huaka`i to the site.
• Public access to the coastline will be maintained, even in the threat of gating existing subdivision
roads.
• Support to the community regarding appropriate access to coastal resources as it pertains to
culturally sensitive areas within and adjacent to the property through educational outreach, active
presence and stewardship, and afforded protections and support through the PONC acquisition
process.
SIGNIFICANCE AND MANAGEMENT
• The property is recognizably a cultural landscape indicative of an ancient and historic settlement
that extends into the adjacent lands north and south of the property.
• Ancient and historic trails traverse the property with the Ala Loa meandering along the coastline
and the Ala Nui Aupuni or"King's Trail"is just slightly inland. This trail system is intact throughout
the property and falls within a continual portion of the trail network from Pu`uhonua `o Honaunau
through the property and extending on into Miloli`i (and beyond). This trail system provides
opportunities for a multi-faceted community to recreate, exercise cultural gathering rights, access
important coastal resources, and otherwise.
• All three portions of the property hold potential for coastal strand and lowland dry forest restoration,
including a potential reintroduction site for Pritchardia maideniana.
• Acquisition of this property will set an example that high-end developments are not valued over
`aina and natural and cultural resource conservation in South Kona.
• Huaka`i La (formerly known as the South Kona Trail Crew) is actively stewarding the Ala Loa
segment in this property and in KauleolT, and will continue to steward this (and other)trails.
SPECIAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACQUISITION AND/OR MANAGEMENT
• There is much community support for this acquisition.
• Seller is motivated to sell for preservation.
• Huaka`i La intends to continue stewarding the trail corridor.
• Protecting these 72 acres can serve as an example for other South Kona communities to protect
the remaining open spaces and natural and cultural resources.
STRENGTHS
• This parcel contains a multitude of natural and cultural resources.
• If preserved, this parcel will keep trail access from Miloli`i to Honaunau and beyond, and offer the
public access to some of the few safe coastal access sites in the district.
• The seller is interested in selling for preservation and is aware of the time frame of a possible
acquisition.
• The community is extremely supportive of this acquisition and has representation from a wide-
range of backgrounds and perspectives.
• Stewardship would involve a diverse range of invested groups and individuals, serving as an
opportunity for enhanced connections and relationships that would further deepen the sense of
community and enrich development of a place-based community management plan.
• Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail, Na Ala Hele State Trails, and the grassroots Huaka`i La trail
crew are all supportive and willing to help with stewardship and/or management
decisions/oversight as it supports the needs of the greater community of Ka`ohe.
• The property falls adjacent to a Kuleana property with known burials present and provides
additional opportunities for descendent-guided access that is appropriate and sensitive to the
Native Hawaiian community.
• The property is an intact representation of the greater cultural landscape of South Kona,which is
documented to comprise an extensive and densely-inhabited ancient and historic village network.
The protection of such amidst a rapidly developing coastline is critical and provides opportunities to
demonstrate an alternative to privatized landscapes, inaccessible to the local community.
WEAKNESSES
• No major weaknesses noted.
CONCERNS OR OTHER THOUGHTS
The amount of community support for the acquisition of this property shown on the site visit was
impressive, and the drive of the community to navigate this process is exceptional as well. This property is
a crucial component to the South Kona community and the natural and cultural resources within.
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Roy Santana speaks to the history of the coastal area along the Ala Loa Aupuni.
Report submitted by L. Crivello, 08/2024. Photos taken by Commissioners Ward, Crivello, and Rosam.
Suggestion 24-01: Honalo Ahupua'a, North Kona District
Score 85.714%
TMK No.(s) 7-9-005:008, 009, 039, 040, consisting of approximately 58 acers of the Honolao
ahupua'a, in the District of North Kona, Hawaii.
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Located along the North Kona coastline in the Honalo ahupua'a, this 58-acre site combines
rugged natural beauty with rich cultural heritage. The rocky terrain has preserved numerous
ancient Hawaiian sites, including burial grounds, remnants of homes, stone sledding slides, and
intricate trails that tell the stories of the past. The open, accessible coastline enhances the
cultural significance of the area, providing a unique opportunity to explore both the historical
and scenic wonders of the North Kona coastline. This property allows for the visitor to see that
past, absorb the history, and feel its significance.
Anticipated Use:
• Public acquisition aims to preserve this unique site for future generations.
• Educational programs can be developed to highlight the historical and cultural
importance of the area.
• Improved public access will allow for responsible recreation and appreciation of
the natural beauty of this property and surrounding lands.
• Conservation efforts will protect the coastline, scenic views, and native
ecosystems.
• The property can act as a buffer zone, safeguarding the sacred
Lekeleke/Kuamo`o Burial Grounds from potential development.
• A potential trail connection could link to the existing Na Ala Hele trail network.
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Cultural Significance:
• Extensive archaeological evidence points to centuries of use by Hawaiians for
habitation, agriculture, burials, and religious ceremonies.
• Sites like the Kaulanui Heiau, holua slides, numerous burials, and potential
ceremonial structures stand as testaments to this deep cultural value.
• An archaeological survey by ASM Affiliates recommends preserving the property
due to the presence of significant cultural resources.
• The area is likely accessed by cultural practitioners for ongoing practices, as
suggested by the presence of a wooden lele (altar).
Community Support:
• Public acquisition of the land would ensure its preservation for future
generations.
• Educational programs highlighting the historical and cultural importance can be
developed in collaboration with:
o Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail Association: Their mission aligns
with respecting the past and educating future generations. A trail
connection could be established through the property.
o Cultural practitioners: Their knowledge and guidance would be
invaluable in understanding and preserving the cultural significance of the
site.
• The preservation effort would likely gain support from:
o Native Hawaiian organizations concerned with protecting cultural
heritage.
o Historical societies interested in preserving the past.
o Environmental groups focused on protecting natural beauty and
ecosystems.
Special Opportunities:
Situated amidst protected lands and bordered by the sacred Lekeleke/Kuamo'o Burial Grounds,
the property is an integral part of the Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail Corridor. It lies
between two already protected areas: to the north, managed by Kamehameha Schools, and to
the south, overseen by Aloha Kuamo'o 'Aina, the State of Hawaii, and the Hokuli'a Park and
Cultural Sites Association. This positioning underscores its significance as a central piece in a
network of conserved natural and cultural treasures.
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Priority #5: `Upolu Point
(Suggestion 24-09, Scored 82.14%)
Tax Map Key No. (3) 5-5-007: 002, consisting of approximately 88.066 acres
of the Kealahewa Ahupua'a in the District of North Kohala, Hawai'i.
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Figure.1..Strevvn across the coastline of Kohala's northern peninsula is evidence of the natural.forces that have
shaped rock and cliff for time immemorial,
The 88 acre parcel located in Kealahewa Ahupua'a in North Kohala is currently owned by EWM
ENTERPRISES LP. This property is synonomous with 'Upolu Point, the tip of the North Kohala
penensula and therefore the northern most geography of Hawai'i Island. Relayed to the Public Access
Open-Space and Natural-Resources Commission (PONC) by Mr. Perez, a descendant with multi-
generational ties to North Kohala;the old families of North Kohala refer to this northern tip geography
as Ka-ldhui-maka, meaning The Beginning of The Nation. Two signifcant cultural-historic sites related
to anceint political power and governance is associated with this northen geography, one being
Mo'okini Hei'au and the other being the birth site of King Kamehameha I at Koko 'Iki. Another
important cultural-historic feature of this property is that when going from north to south along the
the Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail (AKNHT), the corridor begins at 'Upolu Point. The ancient Ala
Kahakai costal trail, in pre-modern times was continuous around the whole island and therefore
traversed across this coastal landscape as well. Today an approximate corridor of stewardship
1
representing the ancient pathway is recognized by the U.S. National Parks Service as the Ala Kahakai
National Historic Trail. The AKNHT corridor via a memorandum of agreement with the State of
Hawai'i's Na Ala Hele trails Division and the Hawai'i County Planning Department, has multi-level and
multi-agency support related to perpetuating public access and cultural use, balanced with historic
preservation.
One of the highest community values for public access to this location is for fishing and other
traditional subsitence gathering practices . This was emphasized repeatedly by community voice in
written and oral testimony, as well as during the site-visit attended by Commissioners Crivello, Lee,
and Plunkett. It was expressed often, that over time the fishermen and subsistence gathers from
Kohala exprienced increased restrictions to coastline access as former sugar plantation lands became
sub-divided and gated; and that the 'Upolu stretch of coastline was particularly valuable to them for
performing their traditional and custonmary subsistence practices.
The viewplane from this property is another attribute of public access value due to its northernmost
point location. The low grass lands of the property opens up imerssively to the expanse of the Pacific
Ocean and exposes the observer to the forceful northeast winds that churn the Alenuihaha channel
between Kohala and East Maui. Because the natural forces of the north ocean and winds are so
obvious from this location, it is easy to forget that this imersive viewplane is actually a recreational
and cultural reource, dependant upon the witnessing of natural phenomena from a unique
geography; this is another non-obvious attribute of the property, that once experienced becomes a
significant rationale for why this location is worthy of Public Access preservation. Currently the
vegetation of the area is perdominatly that of low grass, and the cliffs adjacent to the sea experience
accelerated erossion due in part to the lack of native vegetation. Past sugar plantation agriculture
followed by livestock grazing, historically played a role in denuding the area of native vegetation.
However, Kohala Lihikai, a community-based non-profit organization has previously worked on
revegetating the adjacent parcel known as 'Upolu Airport with sucessful results and is wanting to
continue this revegetation work on this suggested PONC parcel.
This property meets many PONC preservation criteria. The compounded significance of the area is
that the location links unique geography, to unique natural phenomena, and cultural-historic sites
that represents pre-modern social and political forces that shaped the history of Hawai'i Island, and
eventually the Hawaiian Archipelago.
2
ANTICIPATED USE
• Provide public access for continuity of
traditional and community subsistence
practices, including, but not limited to:
o fishing, gathering limu and shellfish,
o gathering (or re-vegetating) plants
• Provide public access for recreational
activities including but not limited to:
o Picnicking m
o Camping
o Walking
o Whale watching, and
o Kite flying
• Tour buses occasionally bring visitors to
experience the awe-inducing nature of iiiiI
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the expansive 360-degree view of the Figure 2, Subject parcel bifurcated by Historic Hoea Fid. (yellow line)
northern most location of Hawai'i Island. which could extend Public Access.from.Special Management Use
Permit(SMA)No, SMA.18-000069
SIGNIFICANCE AND MANAGEMENT
• Cultural and historic Preservation
o 'Upolu is celebrated in stories, chants, and songs.
o Historic US Air Service facility'Upolu Airport began construction in 1927. It played a
significant role during World War II as a military base. In 1952 it was returned to the
Territory of Hawaii for commercial aviation.
o Historic right of way for the Mahukona to Niuli'i Railroad, adjoins the mauka
property boundary.
• Habitat for Wildlife
o Hawaiian hoary bat(Lasiurus cinereus semotus)
o Pacific golden plover or kolea (Pluvialis fulva)
o 'Akekeke or ruddy turnstone (Arenaria interpres)
o Short-eared owl or pueo (Asio flammeus sandwichensis)
o White-tailed tropicbird (Phaethon lepturus)
o 'Iwa (fregata minor palmerstoni).
3
• Abundant coral reef ecosystems are known to exist in waters offshore. The ocean bottom
consists of hard basalt pavement, boulders with coral cover separated by sand channels.
Despite its cliff-lined nature, the land is a well-used site for reef and pelagic fishing, as well
as gathering of shellfish and limu.
• Before the sugar cane fields and pastures, oral history says the shore was covered in hala
and naupaka as well as other native plants such as 'ilima, pa'u o Hi'iaka, hinahina, naupaka,
and akulikuli kai.
SPECIAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACQUISITION AND/ OR MANAGEMENT
• Protection of coastal lands, natural beauty and agricultural lands — 'Upolu Point is an awe-
inspiring scenic wonder, and nothing can compare to standing on the northern most point
of the island, looking across the channel at Maui, and on a clear day, the northern cliffs of
Molokai.
• Protection of watershed lands—Industrial sugar cane production wiped away almost all the
natural vegetation of the entire Upolu area. Subsequent pasturage had taken away the rest,
resulting in a bare, grassy shoreline that desperately needs measures to protect the waters
and reefs from soil and water runoff. Proper stewardship of the land, such as that started at
'Upolu Airport will improve both the reefs and the aquifer.
• Opportunityto Extend Public Access along Historic Hoea Rd.from TMK 5-5-006:010 through
the subject parcel TMK 5-5-007: 002 (See Figure 2). Condition #4 of Special Management
Use Permit (SMA) No. SMA 18-000069 which was approved by Hawai'i County's Leeward
Planning Commission on December 10, 2018, states:
o "Prior to issuance of Final Plan Approval, the applicant shall submit a grant of
easement to the County of Hawai' i for pedestrian and vehicular public access along
the makai property boundary to align with the historic Hoea Road (Historic Site
#30911), and contain the features associated with this historic site."
o The special opportunity here is that if the subject parcel is acquired by PONC for
public access purposes, it will add another layer of continuity connecting access
from 'Upolu Rd. to TMK 5-5-007: 009 which according to Hawai'i County's Real
Property Tax map, is owned by the State of Hawai'i, setting up a scenario to extend
public access even further.
• Since 2011 Kohala Lihikai has helped the Airports Division of the State Department of
Transportation in the planting of native vegetation at'Upolu Airport and the construction of
check dams to hold back the runoff onto the reef. If the subject property is acquired Kohala
Lihikai wants to continue restoring native vegetation at 'Upolo Point and help to mitigate
cliff erosion.
4
STRENGTHS
• EWM Enterprises, the landowner wants to sell the subject parcel to PONC for stewardship
purposes.
• Kohala Groups nominating the property for PONC are also willing and capable stewards:
o Kohala Lihikai
o Malama Kohala Kahakai
o Maika'i Kamakani O Kohala
o Ka Makani O Kohala Ohana
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Figure.3. Community members on a site-visit recalling the significance ref'Upolu Point public access,and generational
community.fisbing practices with the north Pacific Ocean and blowing trade-winds as their backdrop.
End of Summary Report, by Mr. Kamuela Plunkett —District 9 Commissioner.
5
Priority #6: Honu'apo, District 6, Honu'apo Bay
(Suggestion 24-08; score 78.33%)
Tax Map Key No. 9-5-014:060; 9-5-014:029; consisting of approximately 7.5 acers in District
46 of land surrounding Honu'apo Bay.
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The roughly 7.5 acers of privately owned land that surrounds the already public park could have
momentous public loss if the owner shuts off access. The surrounding community members are
so involved with protection of this area that in 2003, a potential development threat to a the
cherished beach park galvanized the local community into action. The looming prospect of a new
subdivision prompted the formation of a collaborative group consisting of residents, government
officials, private land trusts, and the landowner. This collective effort successfully raised
sufficient funds to purchase the threatened lands, thanks to significant contributions from the
Trust for Public Land, Legacy Land Commission, County CIP, and NOAA. This achievement
not only preserved the area from development but also ensured the park's continued accessibility
and protection for future generations.
The ongoing commitment to preserving this coastal landscape reflects the community's
dedication to safeguarding both its natural and cultural resources. The park now serves as a vital
recreational and educational space, where local schools and families come to learn about and
enjoy the natural environment as well as learn and participate in cultural activities. By
integrating the remaining privately-owned parcels into the public park,the community aims to
prevent future misuse and maintain the park's integrity. This approach highlights the importance
of collaborative conservation efforts in preserving ecological and cultural heritage while
maximizing public benefit.
Anticipated Use
• Recreational Activities:
• Swimming and Beachcombing: Opportunities for swimming, sunbathing, and exploring
the shoreline.
• Picnicking: Designated picnic areas with tables and shelters for family gatherings.
• Fishing: Rod and reel fishing, throw net, and spearfishing.
• Hiking and Nature Trails: Well-maintained paths for hiking and nature walks.
• Educational and Community Programs:
• School Field Trips: Programs for local schools to learn about coastal ecosystems and
environmental conservation as well as historical sights and cultural practices.
• Workshops and Seminars: Educational workshops on topics such as marine biology,
ecology, and conservation practices.
• Cultural and Social Events:
• Community Festivals: Space for local festivals and cultural events.
• Wildlife Observation:
• Bird Watching: Designated areas for observing local and migratory bird species with
proper signage.
• Marine Life Viewing: Opportunities to observe marine wildlife in their natural habitat
such as honu and the monk seal in additional to fish and everything else along the
shoreline.
• Conservation and Research:
• Environmental Monitoring: Areas dedicated to the study and monitoring of local
ecosystems and species.
• Restoration Projects: Sites for habitat restoration and conservation efforts.
• Community and Social Spaces:
• Outdoor Seating: Benches and shaded areas for relaxation and socializing.
• Event Pavilions: Covered pavilions for gatherings and events.
• Access and Mobility:
• Accessible Pathways: Well-maintained, accessible pathways for individuals with
mobility challenges.
• Parking Areas: Ample parking spaces for visitors, including designated spots for
disabled parking.
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Significance and Management
The significance and management of park amenities are crucial in creating a welcoming,
educational, and sustainable environment. Recreational activities such as swimming, shoreline
and tidepool combing, picnicking, fishing, and hiking offer diverse opportunities for visitors to
engage with the natural landscape, promoting physical health and community bonding.
Swimming areas and coastline provide relaxation and exploration opportunities, while
designated picnic spots and fishing enhance family and social gatherings. Well-maintained
hiking and nature trails contribute to physical fitness and offer educational insights into local
ecosystems. Effective management ensures safety, cleanliness, and accessibility, fostering a
positive visitor experience.
Educational and community programs further enhance the park's value by offering school field
trips and workshops that engage local youth and adults in learning about environmental
conservation and marine biology. Cultural events like community festivals and art exhibitions
enrich the park's cultural landscape and strengthen community ties. Wildlife observation
opportunities, including bird watching and marine life viewing,promote environmental
awareness and appreciation. Conservation and research efforts, such as environmental
monitoring and habitat restoration, are essential for maintaining ecological balance and
supporting biodiversity.
001
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Strengths
• HUGE amounts and documents proving community support
• County would not have lease easement from private owner.
• Site is currently used by the surrounding community for fishing, picnics, cultural
practices, wildlife viewing and community events.
• Connects already to protected lands.
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PRIORITY#7:JOSEPH ROCK ARBORETUM
(Scored 77.667%)
TMK No. (3) 7-4-008:057, consisting of approximately 47.9 acres in the ahupua'a of Honokohau,
District of North Kona, Hawaii.
SITE DESCRIPTION
The property is centrally located in the outskirts of Kailua-Kona at the end of Kealaka'a St., a short distance
from Kealakehe Elementary and Intermediate Schools. It is in a climate zone where native Hawaiian dryland
forest once existed, but the invasive species ekoa (Leucaena glauca)was predominant when the landowner
first purchased the property. Used for cattle grazing for several decades, the land also sustained several large
mature trees, such as kukui nut(Aleurites molucanna), Monkey Pod (Samanea saman) and Jacaranda
lit (Jacaranda mimosifolia), in addition
to a few remnant Hawaiian dry
forest species, such as alahe'e
1i (Psydrax odorata), 'ohe makai
(Polysciassandwicensis), maia pilo
(Capparis sandwichiana)
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/rr/99' � � � mlama (Diospyros sandwicensis), and
' A9 33�...h wiliwili (Erythrasandwicensis).
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Subject property
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The landowner's request is that
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PONC acquire the entire 47.9 acres
in the form of a Conservation
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Easement.
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Since purchasing and occupying the
�FAf property less than 5 years ago, the
owner,Jill Wagner, has fully
restored an approximately 7.5 acre
"r area in Hawaiian dryland forest, the
most rare and endangered forest
type in Kona. More acreage in the
fASMM0.@S BRAPLC'NY-
\, Tarboretum is presently being
(},�- restored to Hawaiian dry forest.
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Hawaiian dry forest restoration is succeeding, thanks to the owner's fencing of the entire property(essential
protection from wild goats, sheep, pigs, and turkeys, all of which can be devastating to native plantings).
Additionally, there are 3 acres of fire break protecting the property.
1
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View of the north boundary fence-line and fire break
A building permit has been
approved for a pavilion that would
serve as a community space on
approximately 6 acres.The pavilion
area's planned purposes are to
"provide a place for teaching,
music, community celebrations,
school groups, and to serve as a
community space."Jill Wagner
already hosts school groups and
other organizations and individuals
in ongoing educational tours and
Qactivities.The pavilion would
V 1I1U1111D� increase the range of activities that
can be conducted by the
arboretum.
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Newly built,ADA accessible composting toilet near the
planned pavilion site
2
Makai view from the planned pavilion site
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F Mature endemic wiliwili(Erythrina sandwicensis)tree in
p the background and planted'ohe makai(Polyscias
sandwicensis)in the foreground
Extensive new plantings and plant I.D. markers are being
added to this dry forest area. Planting of native
pollinator species throughout the arboretum is ongoing
at the rate of approximately 150 plants/acre.
While native Hawaiian dry forest restoration is a major component of the Joseph Rock Arboretum (JRA), it is
connected to national and international academia and includes plans for separate zones for non-invasive, living
collections of tropical hardwood trees, cacti/succulents, and other plants of the Australia-Pacific region.JRA has
been implementing their 2023—2025 Strategic Plan and intends to update their plan to reflect ongoing changes
and opportunities.
3
Included in the 47.9-acre Conservation Easement request are two significant facilities and operations that are
ongoing:the Future Forests Plant Nursery and Hawai'i Island Seed Bank.
F Future Forests Plant Nursery The Future Forests Plant Nursery is a for-profit
operation owned by Jill Wagner.The private nursery
"preserves and propagates endemic Hawaiian species to
prevent extinction ensure genetic quality, and
guarantee availability of native Hawaiian species for
future generations." Seedlings of native plants are
grown in the nursery for outplanting in the JRA and for
distribution to numerous state and federal forest
restoration projects.
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F Hawaii Island Seed Bank
Facility
The Hawai'i Island Seed Bank
was founded by Jill Wagner in
2008 and is co-managed by a
dryland forest nonprofit,
Ka'ahahui to Ka Nahelehele.
The Hawai'i Island Seed
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Bank is an off-grid, strictly
6 temperature-controlled facility following
� internationally established protocols for the
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drying and storing of seeds of all kinds,
enabling them to remain viable for decades.
Its energy independence ensures that
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p tem erature control can be maintained even
p
in the event of ower failures. Seed banks
are intended to prevent extinction of
endangered and threatened species. Many
arboreta nationwide are partnered with seed
banks.
The off-grid,solar powered seed bank facility is cooled using a system of solar powered fans.
ANTICIPATED USE
• The property is actively being developed as an arboretum for public education and enjoyment.
4
• It is also dedicated to the propagation of native Hawaiian dryland plants and restoration of those
plants both on the subject property and off-site on public and private lands.
SIGNIFICANCE AND MANAGEMENT
• Hawaiian dryland forest restoration is critically needed, and the arboretum is located in the climate
zone where the native Hawaiian dryland forest once existed.
• It is very challenging to successfully restore Hawaiian dryland forest, and the JRA has the professional
expertise, fencing, fire-breaks, and plant propagation facilities to enable success.
• The landowner is eminently qualified to develop and maintain the property as an arboretum and is
committed to dedicating the property as a Conservation Easement for perpetual public benefit.
• Significant progress has been made in the development of the arboretum, primarily with private
funding.
SPECIAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACQUISITION AND/OR MANAGEMENT
• Jill Wagner's expertise in the restoration of native Hawaiian dryland forest is demonstrated in her work
on the JRA property and in other native forest restoration projects. She personally lives on the
property, and her hands-on guidance and knowledge are significant assets.
• The value of the Hawai'i Island Seed Bank in conjunction with the Future Forests Plant Nursery cannot
be over-stated. Rare and endangered plants are readily available for outplanting via these facilities.
• The pavilion is fully permitted and awaiting funding.
• The Moku o Keawe Land Conservancy has committed to act as the nonprofit stewardship group, which
will monitor the fulfillment of the terms of the CE, report regularly to POMC, and serve as a fiscal
sponsor.
• The archaeological complex on the property has been archaeologically surveyed and recorded by the
State of Hawai'i and will be historically preserved and protected with input from Native Hawaiian
descendants.
STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
Strengths
• Considerable investment and work have already been devoted to the arboretum's planning and
development.The entire property is fenced and gated with 3 acres set-aside for fire-break, an essential
safety-net.
• The expertise and continued commitment of the landowner who lives on-site.Jill Wagner makes it clear in
her written statement, "I intend to spend the rest of my life developing the arboretum."
• The 7.5-acre, fully restored Hawaiian dry forest is already used in educational programs.
• Established working relationships with nonprofits, serving various roles: stewardship group to monitor the
CE, fiscal sponsorship, and co-management of the HI Island Seed Bank.
• Ongoing, active involvement of community organizations and schools. Letters of support have been
received from the County Council representative and numerous schools, organizations, and individuals.
• Well-established partnerships with government agencies and private landowners with interests in
Hawaiian dry forest restoration.
• The off-grid,temperature controlled Hawai'i Island Seed Bank is included in the CE.
• Proximity to the urban core of Kailua-Kona and public and charter schools.
• Commitment to careful planning for the arboretum's future.
Weaknesses
• Dependence on private funds of the landowner and grant writing limits how much can be done and when.
Report by Ms. Deborah Chang,Commissioner, 8/23/2024.
Photos courtesy of Jill Wagner, Debbie Hecht, Deborah Ward and Deborah Chang.
5
Suggestion 24-06 : Nani Kai Hoku Farm Agricultural Easement (Scored 71.8%)
Makai of Hawi town in North Kohala, the 20.1 acre Nani Kai Hoku farm is located on the
tableland used in precontact times extensively for agriculture, prior to the widespread
clearing for sugar cane production in the late 1800's. Cane production ended in the 1970s,
and the land was largely converted to grazing of cattle or left to fallow. The property has 20-
acre agricultural zoning, and subdivision is not likely due to constraints on the water supply.
The land is classified bythe state as prime agricultural land,and while the mauka agricultural
properties have been developed as single-home estates, the Nani Kai Hoku farm remains
dedicated to agricultural production.
Anticipated Use
Currently, orchards and gardens comprise 0.5 acre, 18 acres are used for cattle grazing, and
1.6 acres are set aside for confined animals, bees, and other agricultural uses. Bees provide
pollination services for the farm, and starter hives for neighboring farmers are being
maintained. The owners plan to establish agroforestry on 6 of the 20 acres, including ' ulu
(Artocarpus communis) and biofuels.They also plan to re-establish field production of hemp
for fiber production and animal bedding on 4 acres.Annually,the owners plan to provide on-
farm educational programs for local farmers.
Commissioners observed a small
w fenced polycrop orchard and vegetable
garden, and a covered hoophouse with
multiple vegetable varieties.
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Significance and Management
North Kohala agricultural land supported
' a rich cultural pre-history, and its
transformation during the century of
sugar cane production erased much of
p the archaeological record. Mono-
cropping of sugar depleted the soil of
nutrients, led to several feet of soil
erosion, compacted the underlying soil
layer, altered the soil biota, and
diminished habitat for native flora and
` fauna. Following the closure of the cane
mill, and subsequent sale of the
agricultural properties to individual
owners, the land has been transformed again. Now, the large agriculturally zoned parcels
are being sold as large (non-agricultural) estates. Commissioners observed multiple
properties with a single large home on large parcels of agriculturally zoned land just mauka
and makai of the suggested property.
On the suggested property for purchase, the farm owner described that by utilizing organic
farming practices, amendments such as EM (Effective Microorganisms) bokashi, and
extensive locally sourced organic matter amendments including wood chips and
macadamia compost, the fenced garden area and greenhouse crops are grown with no-till
practices to improve the fertility of the soil and permeability of the substrate. The owners of
this property are seeking an agricultural easement tied to deed restrictions, so that the land
can be preserved as an agricultural resource in perpetuity.They intend to continue to build
on organic and regenerative practices that build soil capacity and fertility. Habitat for native
birds of prey, bats and bees and other pollinators is improved by the avoidance of poisons,
plastics and pesticides. No-till practices and mulching with on-site compost and wood
chips retain soil moisture and avoid run-off, protecting stream water quality and habitat.
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Large garden area with multiple, organically grown, food crops. It demonstrates the
benefits of the farm's techniques of no-till, protecting mycorrhizae and other beneficial
microorganisms, ample mulching, use of bokashi and composting to continually build
and improve soil fertility, cover cropping and companion planting, and no use of
herbicides or pesticides. Photo credit:Deborah Ward
The Public Access Open Space and Natural Resources (PONC) Commission has not yet
purchased land designated as an agricultural easement during the first fifteen years of
acquisitions, and purchase of this property could be the first, as specifically allowed in the
Hawaii County Charter. By designating property to be utilized for agriculture in perpetuity,
the surrounding viewplane, adjoining stream habitat, and coastal resources could also
benefit from protection. Identified as prime agricultural land by the State of Hawaii, the
land has been in near constant production for multiple generations.The owners intend to
continue utilizing and improving the productivity of the land to support the nutritional
needs of local families, protect groundwater resources and provide protective watershed
during an anticipated period of climate change.
An agricultural easement is a legally binding agreement between a willing landowner and a
land trust and stays in place in perpetuity.The property owner retains the title of the
property and responsibility to pay property taxes and other expenses. The easement can
protect wildlife habitat, scenic vistas, productive farmland, and important wetlands,
watersheds, or forests. The easement specifies what activities are allowed on the land,
which may include farming, ranching, forestry, limited construction, and maintenance of
existing property and structures. An easement also defines what activities are restricted
permanently, such as non-agricultural development and subdividing, excessive grading,
and other activities that would damage or eliminate the conservation values of the
property.The permanent protections of the conservation/agricultural easement"run with
the land"and remain in place in perpetuity, even if the owner sells or conveys title to the
land.
Strengths:
The purchase of an agricultural easement for this property has letters of support from local
farm organizations and legislators in state and county positions.The owners have already
acquired funding approval from the Legacy Lands Conservation Program (LLCP) program
and have obtained a commitment from the Natural Resources and Conservation Service
(NRCS) to share in the cost of easement purchase. According to the prospectus offered by
the landowners, the purchase price of$1.6 M would be shared among the LLCP (31%),
NRCS (49%), MKLC (0.3%), landowner(5%) and the County of Hawaii PONC (15%), under
the proposal.
The purchase of an agricultural easement through PONC funds could provide an incentive
for other agricultural producers to seek deed restrictions and easements to continue
Hawai`i's farmland in agricultural use.The import of 95% of our food from the continent is
not sustainable over time, and the protection and funding of farming enterprises must be
addressed at all levels of government. The most recent USDA Census of Agriculture, in
March 2024, found that Big Island was hit the hardest with the loss of 582 farms totally
63,260 acres in the last five years,which was 77% of the state's losses of farms and
farmland.
Weaknesses:
The comparable prices for land in North Kohala appear to be prohibitive for continued
farming operations.The market price of approximately$80,000 per acre may not
sustainably support grazing and farm-orchard-garden operations, and the opportunity to
maintain this land in agricultural production could be lost. The property has been offered
for sale recently, and it could again be put up for sale if the agricultural easement is not
purchased.
End of Summary Report by Deborah J Ward, Commissioner
Priority #9: Minuke `Ole Corral Bull Pen
(Suggestion 24-10, Scored 71.00%)
Tax Map Key No. (3) 6-7-002: 055, consisting of approximately 10.10 acres
portions in Waikoloa and Pu'ukapu Ahupua'a(s) in the District of South Kohala, Hawai'i.
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Figure.1.A Monument to Paniolo Pride(Paniolo Preservation.Society)https://paniolopreservatio n,org/
The 10-acre parcel is partially situated in the Ahupua'a(s) of Waikoloa, and partially in Pu'ukapu,
within the South Kohala District. The property is owned by the Parker Land Trust and leased to the
Hawai'i YMCA. Today the parcel is commonly referred to as Minuke 'Ole Park which mainly functions
as a youth soccer field. However, the park is historically synonymous with Parker Ranch cowboy Ikua
Purdy, the great-grandson of John Palmer Parker I and Kipikane Parker, the granddaughter of King
Kamehameha the Great. In 1908 Ikua won the World Roping Championship in Cheyanne, Wyoming.
Minuke 'Ole in the context of competitive roping means less than a minute. In the early 1900's, the
corral at Minuke 'Ole was used as a roping practice arena for Parker Ranch cowboys interested in
competing in rodeo events.The 1908 World Roping Championship in Wyoming was an event that the
top cowboys wanted to attend.The Parker Ranch corral was the practice and elimination site for Eben
(Rawhide Ben) Low, his brother, John Low, their cousin, Archie Ka'aua, and relative Ikua Purdy. They
were the representatives from Waimea who went to Wyoming in 1908. Each one of them gave
1
outstanding performances with Ikua Purdy coming out on top. All four were direct relatives of
Kipikane Parker. Decades later in 1999, Ikua Purdy was inducted into the National Cowboy Hall of
Fame and in the same year was the first inductee into the Paniolo Hall of Fame.
Of the area surrounding Minuke 'Ole Park, it should be remembered that Waimea was favored as a
place to visit for ali'i [the chiefly class] such as Prince Kuhio and Princess Ka'iulani and celebrities such
as Robert Louis Stevenson. Kamehameha V and Kuakini-chief/governor of Hawai'i Island-built homes
near the Minuke 'Ole Corral and nearby Pu'ukalani Stables. In Figure 2, a remnant of an 'auwai
(traditional irrigation ditches) or Lanimaumau Stream can still be seen on the property. 'Auwai flowed
throughout the area to water sweet potato ('uala) and Io'i (taro wet fields).Additionally,the dry stack
stone walls were the first form of fencing used to control wild cattle introduced at the time of
Kamehameha I and can still be seen outlining the corral.
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Figure 2.High probability that depression and channel(red arrow)running between two ends of separate rock wall(yellow arrows)
is(_animaumau.Stream or an 'auwrai connected to it.
A lesser-known attribute of Minuke 'Ole Corral is that on State of Hawai'i registered map #2576
(Reg. 2576) it records the name'Ala (fragrance) 'Ohia ('ohia-lehua blossom) within the same vicinity
of the corral (Figure 3 and 4). How this place name is related to Waimea's past landscape is best
expressed below in an excerpt from Kahu (Rev.) Lorenzo Lyons'journal. Rev. Lyons came to Hawai'i
2
in 1832 and was the Kahu of the historic'Imiola church in Waimea during that time period; a period
in which Waimea's landscape was changing due to cattle and other shifts in land-use. In this context
Emma Doyle notes the following:
"In the old days much of Waimea plateau was covered by a forest largely of the ohia lehua.
Accordingly the euphonious name Alaohia (fragrance of the ohia)had been given to a district
in Waimea. My father frequently used the expression, 'Alaohia nei" It is true that the name
had become unfamiliar as the ohia forest retreated toward Hamakua, but historical fitness
not less than appeal to the ear and the imagination urged the acceptance of this old
Hawaiian name in place of the time honored but untenable Waimea."
(Doyle 1953:43)1
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Figure.3. TMK plat reap 6-y-002,zoomed in Figure 4. Portion of flailvai i Registered reap#2576(.19.15{!Walter E {!Nall)
to subject property with approximate with approximate property boundary correlated to TMK plat 0-y-002 and
boundary corner dots color coded. Land Commission Awards(LCA)#988 and#5978.
In modern time, the Parker Ranch Land Trust has re-subdivided, re-zoned, developed and sold lands
adjacent to Minuke 'Ole Corral formerly dedicated to community use and open space. To date, the
Island of Hawai'i YMCA, The Royal Order of Kamehameha I, the Rotary Club of North Hawai'i and the
Waimea Preservation Association (WPA) have been collaboratively maintaining the property for more
than 20 years. "Public Access"and "Open Space",are high priorities in their stewardship of the parcel,
and protecting these elements is deemed urgent given the trend of development and change that
they have been witnessing over the decades. The open space views of the property itself, and of
Kohala Mountain and Maunakea are iconic to Waimea. And the multi-purpose sports field is a
resource to the youth of this community.
Doyle,Emma L. 1953 Makua Laiana: The Story of Lorenzo Lyons. The Advertiser Publishing Co.Ltd.,Honolulu,Hl.
3
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Figure 5. View of Maunakea from south end of Minuke Ole. Figure 6. View of forma Mt,.from Minuke'Ole,
The community groups suggesting this land for PONC acquisition feels strongly about preserving this
parcel for public access and open space, and to preserve a remnant of Waimea's older Paniolo
heritage as well pre-cattle heritage associated with the place name Ala 'Ohi'a and Lanimaumau
Stream. This commitment, involvement and support will sustain Minuke 'Ole Park into the future for
generations to come.
ANTICIPATED USE
• The YMCA has maintained the parcel and provides access to the community for their use
ongoingly providing a variety of recreational opportunities for residents and visitors of the
County.
• The Waimea Preservation Association and volunteers from the Waimea community have
been maintaining the park and its surroundings for children to play and for members of the
community to meet.
• The dry stacked stone wall created by artful ancestral craftsman was restored with the
guidance of Royal Order of Kamehameha 1, Moku O Kohala, the National Parks Pu'u Kohala
National Park.
• Current uses of Minuke 'Ole include, but are not limited to the following:
o Youth Soccer
o Events organized by, or permitted through the YMCA and/or,their local community
partners
• Teach the historical importance of the Minuke 'ole Corral and the Paniolo culture in Waimea.
4
• Provide opportunities to build community awareness and retention of Waimea's cultural
and traditional place-based knowledge by educating the public about Ala 'Ohi'a and
Lanimaumau Stream's relevance to pre-cattle Waimea.
SIGNIFICANCE AND MANAGEMENT
• Ensure this very special historical area is maintained in Waimea.
• Ease of Access for the public, next to Lindsey Rd. and conveniences of Parker Ranch Center.
• Open Space, existing soccer/and multi-use sports field, with iconic views.
• The area is vulnerable to development given current trends.Therefore this is a strategic area
at the core of Waimea to hold in public trust and benefit in the midst of commercial
development.
• Preservation of area preserves natural surface and drainage compared to surrounding
hardened/ impervious pavements and concrete.
SPECIAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACQUISITION AND/ OR MANAGEMENT
• YMCA is lease holder from Parker Ranch and willing to create a stewardship hui with existing
partners if PONC acquires property.
• Rotary of North Hawai'i will continue to take care of pavilion on the property.
• Explore feasibility of installing restrooms since the Hele-On bus stop is near to Minuke 'Ole.
STRENGTHS
• Anticipated uses are already being maintained by current community stewards.
• Current lease holder and partners willing to collaborate on stewardship planning and
implementation.
End of Summary Report, by Mr. Kamuela Plunkett —District 9 Commissioner.
5
PRIORITY#10: KALOKO RESIDENTIAL PARK
(Scored 51.714%)
TMK No.(3) 7-3-009-028 consisting of approximately 150 acres of the Kaloko Ahupua'a, in the
District of North Kona, Hawai'i
August 23, 2024
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An ancient trail traverses the open lava flow through the relic lowland dry forest.
The 150-acre parcel included in this nomination in Kaloko Ahupua'a in North Kona is currently owned by
Kaloko Residential Park, LLC(KRPL) and was originally purchased for the purpose of development.The
property is mauka of Ane Keohokalole Highway and south of Hina Lani Street and is a portion of the
313.112-acre property owned by KRPL, and spans from approximately 400'to 600' elevation and
receives an average of 710-840mm of rainfall annually(data from the Online Rainfall Atlas of Hawai'i). A
diverse range of native plant species associated with the already recognized critically imperiled Hawaiian
lowland dry forest habitat are present within this property, many of which are threatened,endangered,
or rare. Relic fragments of ancient and historic Hawaiian trails traverse through the property as well,
leading up to the Hina Lani roadside,where they have been impacted/destroyed by being bisected by
the development of Hina Lani Road.The continuation of the fractured segments of ancient and historical
trails can be found on the adjacent lands to the north. These trails are representative of an extensive
network recognized by the State and Federal government as an integral part to the greater cultural
landscape of Hawai'i Island. Current Kailua-Kona community improvements and the expansion of Hina
Lani Road adjacent to the parcel has further impacted both the identified cultural and natural resources.
This has resulted in the direct loss of trail segments as well as lowland dry forest species and made the
habitats on which they rely suffer greatly.
Hawaiian lowland dry forests are arguably the most endangered ecosystem in the world. Unfortunately,
large populations of feral ungulates have directly impacted this critical habitat and other native
Hawaiian ecosystems since their introduction into the State for the last hundred two centuries. At this
site in particular,the impacts of feral ungulates on this critical habitat have greatly increased because of
the feral ungulate population explosion in the area over the last few decades.The continuous &
relentless browsing, scraping, and trampling by feral goats on the existing native plants and any native
plant seedling recruitment significantly alters (reduce)the native plant community diversity, upsetting
the balance of this critical habitat type.This will lead to the replacement of this native plant community
with non-native invasive habitat altering plant species. Unfortunately,this explosion and overpopulation
of non-native invasive plants species (including fountain grass)will support and increase the risk of
wildland fires in the area.
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The road expansion of Hina Lani Street extended Goat herds inundate the property,feeding on and
into the boundaries of the property, where rare stripping bark from native species, which allows
native tree species were destroyed in the process fountain grass to fill empty niches across the
of expansion. landscape.
A memorandum of understanding (MOU) between the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)
and KRPL which supports collaborative efforts between both entities to contribute to the conservation
and recovery of the lowland dry forest ecosystem species was entered into in December of 2016. The
MOU recommends KRPL to preserve the 150 acres of land and construct a fence surrounding the
property. It should be noted that to this date (over 7 years from the MOU agreement date),there has
not been any momentum by KRPL to conduct any conservation-related activities mentioned in the MOU,
nor has there been enforcement of KRPL's negligence to conduct the activities mentioned within the
MOU by USFWS.This MOU dies with any sale of the property, and the potential for termination of the
MOU "recommendations" is worth paying attention to.
From 2011-2014,4,000+ native plants (including critical habitat species)were outplanted on the
property. However,there was no provided protection of native plants through the construction of a large
predator exclusion fence, and as a result approximately 90%of these individuals were killed/destroyed
by feral goats. Only a handful survived, and only because they were protected reactively by installing
small fences or wrapped in deer mesh plastic to deter goats.The need to stabilize this critical habitat by
ensuring a high degree of native plant community diversity through the reintroduction and
establishment of core species is paramount.
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The last wild ma'aloa on the property recently Feral goats routinely take up shade under native tree
succumbed due to invasive species pressures and lack species,such as this 'ohe makai. This particular tree,
of management. likely hundreds of years old,is at risk of lethal bark
stripping.
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Noho wahine kula or'aupaka outplants are among the Few hala pepe outplants also survive with the help of
few outplanted survivors as a result of excluding feral goat excluding fences, though bark stripping is still
goats. occurring.
Anticipated Use
• Protection, stabilization, and re-creation of this critical habitat type,through the logical
restoration of core components of native dryland forest plant species.
• Minimizing development in an already-inundated area.
• Collaborative management efforts (though not clearly defined)to protect T&E species.
• Enhanced opportunities for the community to access open spaces with opportunities for
recreation, education, subsistence, and gathering. However, until management efforts are defined,
community access into this area remains unclear due to the presence of T&E species on site and due to
the lack of preservation plans, etc.
Significance and Management
• The property falls within the tropical dry forest region of North Kona and is a representative
example of dry forest habitat with a high degree of potential for stabilization and restoration.
• Native dryland forests are attributed to a significant amount of Hawai'i's flora and fauna species
diversity, many species which are currently threatened and endangered due to the increasing presence
of deforestation,fire, invasive plant species, ungulate grazing, non-native species predation, and
encroaching development.This property has all the above-mentioned threats, but it is not too late to
maintain these species and habitats if management were to occur immediately.
• An intact trail traverses the property and extends into the property to the north.
Special Opportunities for Acquisition and/or Management
• USFWS and Ka'ahahui 'O Ka Nahelehele are potential interested partners in lowland dry forest
management, however details are not yet clear, nor have either party directly committed to managing
the area.
• Current Right of Entry(ROE) agreements are held by entities permitted to collect seeds from T&E
species and mitigate goat impacts by fencing individual plants, however those ROES are discretionary.
Strengths and Weaknesses
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
• Preservation of lowland dry forest critical • MOU lacks accountability. An MOA that is
habitat type that harbors T&E species.This more effective at holding all parties accountable
refugia of a native plant species community could for upholding an agreed upon chronological line-
serve as a living seed bank to not only enhance itemized conservation management directives
the conservation recovery efforts at this site, but with realistic timelines for completion for this site
also in otters suffering from the same loss. would be more effective.
• Preservation of the remaining relic • Although a positive relationship with the
ancient and historic cultural features on this US Fish and Wildlife Service does exist,there has
parcel that are a fragments of the once vast not been significant effort on the landowner's
network of archeological features that no longer part in maintaining or otherwise ensuring that
exist. Preserving ancient and historic trails within relationship continues or that the management
the property supports the preservation and actions outlined in the MOU are fulfilled.
maintenance of an extensive trail system which . Long passage of time has occurred with
extends beyond the property and connects to the no effective, logical, & practical implementation
Na Ala Hele State Trails System and the Ala of conservation management. Subdivision of the
Kahakai National Historic Trail. entire parcel (as requested in the application)will
• Safeguarding the "natural open space further delay management.
landscape" resource from the inevitable • Threats continuously impact, degrade,
continuous impacts of human development and are the direct cause for loss/take of the
targeted in this and other areas Statewide. natural and cultural resources that are significant
Ensuring future generations of the public(locals on that parcel and surrounding adjacent lands.
&visitors alike) can appreciate and utilize this Human development and improvements, high
dwindling resource for enriching the lives of densities and occupation of feral ungulates, and
future generations to come. conversion of the plant community's species from
• Effective management of the native plant a landscape historically-dominated by native
community landscape at this site can reduce the species to a landscape dominated by non-native
threat of wildland fires from starting at or invasives species caused the dynamics of
escaping the area through the reduction of high environmental factors to adjust to a new and
density non-native invasive plant species that unbalanced state, which will have detrimental
increase fuel loads. effects such as decrease in the natural watershed
• Support through conservation potential, increase in the desertification (drier),
partnerships from other agencies and
organizations to implement effective and increase in the unnatural fire fuel load
conservation restoration and management goals potential.
for this site. • The high taxable value of the property
($22M prior to subdivision) seems unrealistic
with the continual loss of the most valuable
assets (natural &cultural) if not stemmed
immediately.The loss in value is emphasized by
the lack of maintenance and overall neglect of
the natural and cultural resources within.
• The property falls within a high-activity
urban area,where development is a constant
threat to natural and cultural resources. County
road development has both negligently
threatened and destroyed rare and endangered
native plant species and significant ancient and
historic trails.
• Existent archaeological surveying that has
been completed did not include the entirety of
the property in the survey area. Projects within
close-proximity to this project(i.e. adjacent
properties)with similar archaeological survey
standards have since re-surveyed their properties
and tripled the number of significant sites
identified.This implies the existent surveying is
insufficient and may neglect to account for the
full extent of this cultural landscape.This could
include non-burial and burial preservation sites of
significant concern to the Native Hawaiian
community.
Concerns or Other Thoughts
If this property were to go through the PONC selection process and acquisition process,the period of
time it would take for the acquisition to be completed coupled with the current continued
destabilization, degradation, and loss of the high value resources present within, may result in the
species, habitat, and ecosystem being irrecoverable.
If the County does pursue fee simple acquisition or a conservation easement, it is recommended that a
legally binding agreement to pursue immediate fencing and feral ungulate removal be entered into.
The ultimate goal of this nomination is to ensure that the dryland forest and the T&E species (and
habitat)within are first protected from feral ungulates and then managed. However,the urgent need for
ungulate control and fencing needs to happen on a much more immediate timeline.
Summary Report by Ms.Jodie Rosam