HomeMy WebLinkAboutPD Recommendation Report (PL-SMA-2025-000076)REbenal_SMA_2025
COUNTY OF HAWAI‘I PLANNING DEPARTMENT
_RECOMMENDATION_ DAVID EBENAL
SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA USE PERMIT APPLICATION (PL-SMA-2025-000076)
Upon careful review of the applicant's request against the guidelines for granting of a Special
Management Area Use Permit, the Planning Director recommends that this request to
construct a two-story, 4,942 square-foot (sf) single-family residence with four bedrooms,
four and a half bathrooms, and related improvements on a 0.3446-acre shoreline parcel
within the Special Management Area (SMA) be approved by the Planning Commission.
Since this recommendation is made without the benefit of public testimony, the Director reserves
the right to modify and/or alter this recommendation based upon additional information
presented at the public hearing. This approval recommendation is based on the following:
The applicant seeks a Special Management Area (SMA) Use Permit to construct a
two-story, single-family residence on a 0.3446-acre parcel located at 75-5436 Kona Bay
Drive in Kailua-Kona, Hawai‘i. The home will include approximately 4,942 square feet
of total development area, featuring four bedrooms, four-and-a-half bathrooms, two
single-car garages, a lanai, and a 12-by-22-foot spa. Designed for personal residential
use, the project will connect to existing water, sewer, electrical, and communication
utilities already available within the Kona Bay Estates subdivision. Electricity, telephone,
and internet utilities are already available to serve the property. No additional uses other
than the dwelling and related accessory improvements are proposed for this project. The
proposed building site will occupy roughly 4,942 square feet of the property area and is
strategically sited approximately 50 feet inland from the shoreline to mitigate potential
coastal hazards and minimize visual impacts. The project's construction cost is estimated
at approximately $2,900,000, with construction anticipated to take roughly 12 to 18
months following permit approvals.
The grounds for approving development within the Special Management Area are
based on HRS, Chapter 205A-26(2) (Special Management Area guidelines) and Rule 9-
11(e) of the Planning Commission Rules of Practice and Procedure. Planning
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Commission Rule 9-11(e) states that the Authority (Planning Commission) may permit
the proposed development only upon finding that:
1. The development will not have any substantial adverse environmental or ecological
effect except as such adverse effect is minimized to the extent practicable and is
clearly outweighed by public health, safety or compelling public interest;
2. The development is consistent with the objectives and policies and the Special
Management Area guidelines as provided by Chapter 205A, HRS;
3. The development is consistent with the General Plan, Community Plan, Zoning Code
and other applicable ordinances;
4. The development will, to the extent feasible, reasonably protect native Hawaiian
rights if they are found to exist, including specific factual findings regarding:
a. The identity and scope of valued cultural historical or natural resources in the
petition area, including the extent to which traditional and customary native
Hawaiian rights are exercised in the petition area;
b. The extent to which those resources including traditional and customary
native Hawaiian rights, will be affected or impaired by the proposed action;
and
c. The feasible action, if any, to be taken by the Authority to reasonably protect
any valued cultural, historical or natural resources including any existing
traditional and customary native Hawaii rights.
In review of the SMA guidelines as listed under HRS 205A-26(2)(A), the
proposed development will not have any substantial adverse environmental or
ecological effect, except as such adverse effect is minimized to the extent practicable
and clearly outweighed by public health, safety, or compelling public interest. In
considering the significance of potential environmental effects, the Director shall
consider the sum of those effects that adversely affect the quality of the environment and
shall evaluate the overall and cumulative effects of the action on the Special Management
Area. Such adverse effects shall include, but not be limited to, the potential cumulative
impact of individual developments, each one of which taken in itself might not have a
substantial adverse effect and eliminate planning options.
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In review of the SMA guidelines under HRS 205A-26(2)(A), the proposed
development is not anticipated to have any substantial adverse environmental or
ecological effects. The project has been carefully designed to comply with all applicable
environmental regulations, including shoreline setback requirements, runoff containment,
and flood zone development standards. The building footprint avoids sensitive areas, with
all construction activity confined to a previously graded and disturbed parcel that lacks
significant natural vegetation or wildlife habitat.
Environmental assessments and supporting studies—such as the archaeological
field inspection and cultural impact analysis—have found no historic properties,
traditional cultural practices, or ecological resources that would be negatively impacted
by the development. Runoff from construction and residential activities will be contained
and managed on-site, thereby protecting nearshore coastal waters and ecosystems.
Furthermore, public shoreline access will remain unobstructed, and the project
maintains consistency with the goals of the Hawaiʻi Coastal Zone Management Program.
As such, any minimal potential impacts are considered to be adequately mitigated and are
clearly outweighed by the public interest in maintaining orderly development, respecting
private property rights, and supporting local economic activity through investment and
construction. The proposed residence, therefore, meets the criteria set forth under HRS
205A-26(2)(A).
In reviewing the proposed development against the factors that may constitute a
substantial adverse effect as listed under Planning Commission Rule 9-10 (H) (1-10), it
has been determined that the proposed project to develop a single-family dwelling and
related development on the subject parcel will not have a significant adverse
environmental or ecological effect upon the Special Management Area. This
determination is based on the following:
In review of the SMA guidelines as listed under HRS 205A-26, the proposed
development is consistent with the objectives and policies as provided by Chapter
205A-26, HRS, and Special Management Area guidelines contained in Rule No. 9 of
the Planning Commission Rules of Practice and Procedure.
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The purpose of Chapter 205A-26, Hawaiʻi Revised Statutes (HRS) and Rule 9 of
the Planning Commission Rules of Practice and Procedure, is to preserve, protect, and
where possible, to restore the natural resources of the coastal zone areas. Therefore,
special controls on development within an area along the shoreline are necessary to avoid
permanent loss of valuable resources and the foreclosure of management options. The
objectives and policies of Chapter 205A-26, HRS and Rule 9-10(h) include, but are not
limited to, the protection of coastal recreational resources, historic resources, scenic and
open space resources, coastal ecosystems, marine resources, beaches, and controlling
development in coastal hazard areas.
The proposed development of a single-family residence and related improvements
is consistent with the objectives and policies of the Coastal Zone Management Program
(Chapter 205A, Hawaiʻi Revised Statutes) including:
Recreational Resources:
Public access to the shoreline, including the established pedestrian path
connecting Keiki Ponds to the Old Airport State Recreation Area, will remain open and
unobstructed during and after construction. The project does not interfere with coastal
recreational use.
Historic Resources:
Archaeological and cultural impact studies determined that no historic properties
or traditional cultural practices are associated with the subject parcel. A determination of
“no historic properties affected” has been requested from SHPD, to date, no response
from SHPD has been provided.
Scenic and Open Space Resources:
The proposed home is situated in an area with minimal visibility from public
vantage points, and its design is consistent with surrounding residential structures. Scenic
coastal views will not be adversely affected.
Coastal Ecosystems and Marine Resources:
The development avoids shoreline setback areas and includes measures to prevent
runoff, thus protecting nearshore marine ecosystems. No threatened or endangered animal
or plant species are present and as such no adverse impact to flora, fauna, or ecosystems
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would be expected to result from the proposed development or any activities associated
with the use.
Coastal Hazards:
Structures are sited in Flood Zone D, above the base flood elevation of adjacent
Zone AE-10, with no construction in the tsunami inundation area. Emergency access and
evacuation plans are available and practical.
Managing Development:
The parcel is within a developed, gated subdivision with existing infrastructure.
The project complies with zoning, community development plans, and SMA
requirements, reflecting responsible management of coastal development.
Consequently, the proposed action supports and fulfills the policy goals of
preserving coastal ecological integrity, managing coastal hazards responsibly, and
ensuring sustainable use of the coastal zone, as outlined in both Chapter 205A-26 HRS
and Rule No. 9 of the Planning Commission’s Rules.
The proposed development is consistent with the County General Plan, Kona
Community Development Plan (KCDP), Zoning Code and other applicable
ordinances. The General Plan Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide (LUPAG) for the
County of Hawaiʻi is a policy document expressing the broad goals and policies for the
long-range development of the Island of Hawai’i. The plan was adopted by ordinance in
1989 and revised in 2005; the map designation for the subject property is Open (ope),
which allows for this type of development. The parcel is zoned Single Family
Residential- 15,000 square feet (RS-15) by the County of Hawai’i. RS-15 is defined as a
Single-Family Residential District where the minimum building site area is 15,000 square
feet. The proposed single-family residence, adhering to its applicable building and
shoreline setbacks, is consistent with the lot’s designated zoning. The proposed
development will not create greater density than the zoning intends.
The proposed project conforms to the General Plan Land Use Pattern Allocation
Guide (LUPAG) Map, which designates this area as Open (ope). In the 2005 Hawaiʻi
General Plan, the Open (ope) designation is defined as “parks and other recreational
areas, historic sites, and open shoreline areas.” This designation is consistent with the
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existing development of Kona Bay Estates as the development is oriented towards public
recreation and use. A makai-side easement extends along the lots of all shoreline
residences on Kona Bay Estates which connects pedestrians from the Keiki Ponds to the
Old Airport Recreation Area. The lateral shoreline path is frequented by tourists and
locals as a thoroughfare, but it is also used as a public place to stop and observe the tidal
pools, and fish from the coastline makai of the subject parcel.
The proposed project aligns with the LUPAG policies relevant to Open Land Use
spaces, which are slated to provide and protect open space for the social, environmental,
and economic well-being of the County of Hawaiʻi and its residents as well as to protect
designated natural areas. The proposed construction of a single-family residence and
related development is keeping within these goals as it will continue to provide
designated and reliable access for the public to access the shoreline and adjacent parks
which aid in managing impacts from the public on the shoreline. In keeping with the
other established residences of the Kona Bay Estates, the proposed project is designed
around maintaining the existing public access to the shoreline. The shoreline access path
within the 4-foot wide makai-side easement will remain open and accessible during the
entirety of construction and afterwards.
The Kona Community Development Plan (KCDP) for the area of North Kona
includes guiding principles that the proposed project will maintain, including preserving
the diverse coastlines, protected nearshore waters, open space, and vast untouched upland
landscapes, and to direct future growth patterns toward compact villages, preserving
Kona’s rural, diverse, and historical character. The proposed development aligns with the
above-mentioned KCDP principles as it occurs within a designated, subdivided lot,
between existing single-family residences of similar style and size. It does not disrupt
untouched landscapes as the lot has been previously graded and includes existing minor
construction (walls). No part of the development is proposed within the shoreline setback,
nor will it impact the public access on the makai side of the parcel, thus helping to
preserve the coastline. In summary, the proposed single-family residence is compatible
with the intended use and density of the RS-15 zoning, adheres to the objectives and land
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use vision of the County General Plan and KCDP, and complies with applicable
ordinances and policies designed to manage growth responsibly in coastal areas.
The development will to the extent feasible, reasonably protect native
Hawaiian rights if they are found to exist. In view of the Hawai‘i State Supreme
Court’s “PASH” and “Ka Paʻakai O KaʻAina” decisions, the issue relative to native
Hawaiian rights, such as gathering and fishing rights, must be addressed in terms of the
cultural, historical, and natural resources and the associated traditional and customary
practices of the site.
Investigation of valued resources: As required by the Ka Paʻakai decision, a
comprehensive Cultural Impact Assessment (CIA) was conducted by ASM Affiliates and
included in the Special Management Area (SMA) Use Permit application. According to
the documentation submitted, the subject parcel has been the focus of both historical and
recent archaeological investigations, including a comprehensive field inspection
conducted on January 12, 2025, by Dr. William Gardner, a Senior Archaeologist with
ASM Affiliates. During this inspection, the entire 0.3446-acre parcel was visually
assessed using systematic north-south pedestrian transects spaced at three-meter intervals
to ensure 100% surface coverage. The survey found no archaeological sites, features, or
cultural deposits present within the project area. This assessment reviewed historical land
use, archaeological findings, and traditional practices associated with the project area.
There are no known historic or cultural sites, and the area was previously graded as part
of the subdivision development, further reducing the likelihood of intact cultural
resources. The original AIS was reviewed by SHPD and determined that no impacts from
the project were anticipated. Additionally, SHPD has not responded to the current “no-
effect” determination request submitted by the County.
The valuable cultural, historical, and natural resources found in the area:
While the project site itself does not support ongoing traditional or customary
practices, the cultural study acknowledges that subsistence fishing and gathering
activities occur along the shoreline makai of the parcel, outside the proposed
development area. The shoreline access trail, which enables these cultural and
recreational activities, will remain fully accessible and unobstructed both during and after
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construction, thereby preserving public and cultural access to the coastline.
Possible adverse effects or impairment of valued resources: The existing
vegetation may be destroyed by ground alteration, however, there is no evidence that the
flora in the project area is particularly desired or used for cultural practices since it is
severely limited on the project parcel. Archaeological remains could inadvertently be
uncovered during construction activities, however, according to the applicant, they will
adhere to the SHPD condition regarding inadvertent finds.
Feasible actions to protect native Hawaiian rights: As part of its commitment to
protecting cultural and environmental resources, the proposed development includes
several important safeguards. If any human remains or cultural resources are
inadvertently discovered during construction, work will be halted immediately, and the
State Historic Preservation Division (SHPD) will be promptly notified in accordance with
regulatory procedures. Additionally, stormwater management practices will be
implemented to ensure that runoff is contained on-site and does not enter or degrade
nearshore ecosystems, which may support traditional fishing or gathering activities. The
project will also maintain the existing public shoreline path in an open and usable
condition, thereby upholding public trust responsibilities and ensuring continued access
for customary practices and recreational use. To the extent that traditional and customary
native Hawaiian rights are exercised, the proposed action will not affect traditional
Hawaiian rights.
Lastly, this approval is made with the understanding that the Applicant remains
responsible for complying with all other applicable government requirements in
connection with the approved use, prior to its commencement or establishment upon the
subject property. Additional governmental requirements may include the issuance of
building permits, the installation of approved wastewater disposal systems, compliance
with Fire Code, installation of improvements required by the American with Disabilities
Act (ADA), among many others. Compliance with all applicable governmental
requirements is a condition of this approval; failure to comply with such requirements
will be considered a violation that may result in enforcement action by the Planning
Department and/or the affected agencies.
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Based on the above findings, the proposed development will not have substantial
adverse impacts on the environment, nor will its approval be contrary to the objectives and
policies of Chapter 205A, HRS, relating to Coastal Zone Management and Rule No. 9 of the
Planning Commission relating to the Special Management Area. Approval of this request is
subject to the following conditions:
1. The applicant(s), its successor(s), or assign(s) (Applicant) shall be responsible for
complying with all stated conditions of approval.
2. The Applicant shall secure all necessary approvals and permits from other affected
Federal, State, and County agencies as necessary to comply with all applicable laws and
regulations.
3. Other than the proposed project as described in this permit, no further work is permitted
under this approval.
4. Construction of the single-family dwelling and related improvements shall be conducted
in a manner that is substantially representative of plans and details as contained within
the SMA Application dated March 4, 2025, and representations made to the Leeward
Planning Commission.
5. Construction of the proposed development shall be completed within five (5) years from
the effective date of this permit.
6. Artificial light from exterior lighting fixtures, including, but not necessarily limited to
floodlights, up-lights or spotlights used for decorative or aesthetic purposes shall be
prohibited if the light directly illuminates, or is directed to project across property
boundaries toward, the shoreline and ocean waters, except as may otherwise be permitted
pursuant to Section 205A-71(b), Hawai‘i Revised Statutes.
7. The applicant shall comply with Chapter 27 - Flood Control, of the Hawai‘i County
Code.
8. All earthwork and grading shall conform to Chapter 10, Erosion and Sedimentation
Control of the Hawai‘i County Code.
9. All development generated runoff shall be disposed of on site and shall not be directed
toward any adjacent properties.
10. No land alteration, grubbing, landscaping or construction activities, including but not
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limited to, the stockpiling of debris, construction materials or equipment, shall occur in
the shoreline setback area without securing a prior written determination of minor
structure or activity pursuant to Rule 11-8 from the Planning Director or approval of a
Shoreline Setback Variance from the Planning Commission.
11. The Applicant shall ensure that excessive siltation and turbidity are contained or
otherwise minimized through the use of silt containment devices or barriers, or other
approved Best Management Practices to minimize impacts to the nearshore and riverine
areas.
12. During construction, measures shall be taken to minimize the potential of both fugitive
dust and runoff sedimentation. Such measures shall be in compliance with construction
industry standards and practices utilized during construction projects of the State of
Hawai‘i.
13. In the event that surface or subsurface historic resources, including human skeletal
remains, structural remains (e.g., rock walls, terraces, platforms, etc.), cultural deposits,
marine shell concentrations, sand deposits, or sink holes are identified during the
demolition and/or construction work, the applicant shall cease work in the immediate
vicinity of the find, protect the find from additional disturbance and contact the State
Historic Preservation Division at (808) 933-7651. Subsequent work shall proceed upon
an archaeological clearance from DLNR-SHPD when it finds that sufficient mitigation
measures have been taken.
14. An initial extension of time for the performance of conditions within this permit may be
granted by the Planning Director upon the following circumstances:
A. The non-performance is the result of conditions that could not have been
foreseen or are beyond the control of the applicant, successors or assigns, and
that are not the result of their fault or negligence.
B. Granting of the time extension would not be contrary to the General Plan or
Zoning Code.
C. Granting of the time extension would not be contrary to the original reasons
for the granting of this permit.
D. The time extension granted shall be for a period not to exceed the period
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originally granted for performance (i.e., a condition to be performed within
one year may be extended for up to one additional year).
E. If the applicant should require an additional extension of time, the Planning
Department shall submit the applicant's request to the Planning Commission
for appropriate action.
15. That in issuing this permit, the Department has relied on the information and data that the
Applicant has provided in connection with this permit. If, subsequent to this permit, such
information and data prove to be false, incomplete or inaccurate, this permit may be
modified, suspended or revoked, in whole or in part, and/or the Department may, in
addition, institute appropriate legal proceedings.
16. Should any of the foregoing conditions not be met or substantially complied with in a
timely fashion, the Planning Director may initiate procedures to revoke the permit.