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HomeMy WebLinkAboutAinako Housing Development Powerpoint PresentationArchaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing in Punahoa 2, South Hilo August 13, 2025 1 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 Ben Barna, PhD Sr. Archaeologist   Direct: 808 900-6403 ben.barna@stantecgs.com   Stantec 737 Bishop Street, Suite 3050 Honolulu HI 96813 2 Project background Prior Work Current Work Results Impacts from Concept Design Preliminary Mitigation Ideas Questions 2 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing in Punahoa 2, South Hilo Goal: Inform design phase as it moves ahead. Project background Prior Work Current Work Results Impacts from Concept Design Preliminary Mitigation Ideas Questions Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 Agenda 3 Part of HRS 343 EA and HRS 6E-8 review of proposed county project. AIS, also a CIA are in draft stage prepping for submittal. This is part of consultation effort for both. 3 Kaūmana Springs Wilderness: Memory, Erasure, and Archaeology 4 Placenames. Some named places– note Kupapau Hill– more on that later. Mauka of Halaʻi Hills. There is also a Puʻu Ioana just mauka of Project area. Not mentioned in moolelo that I have found. 4 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 Workforce Housing ~ 40 Acres on a 60 acre parcel Phase 1 = 82 townhomes, 28 flats Phase 2 = 32 single-family units Roads and infrastructure “Work force” housing 5 These populations consists of typically teachers, nurses, fire and/or police department employees and staff, state and county engineers, and maintenance staff. Project is designed to fill the housing need of the “work-force” population. These populations consists of typically teachers, nurses, fire and/or police department employees and staff, state and county engineers, and maintenance staff. The average “work-force, professional services, and/or skilled trades” family consists of working couples and families with an income from 60 to 140 percent of the area median income (AMI), as noted in the Affordable Housing Dashboard on the OHCD website (OHCD, 2025). The Project is one of more than 150 projects in the county providing from between one to several hundred affordable housing units. 5 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 Project Area for 6E-8 ~72 acres TMKs (3) 2-3-030:004, (3) 2-3-030:001 (por.), and (3) 2-3-031:001 (por.)  South Hilo, Hawai‘i Island  State of Hawai‘i  South of Waiānuenue North of ʻĀinakō Makai of Kilikina Mauka of Lahaina Street 6 6 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 7 Prior Work 1978 Recon by Sinoto and Komori Small projects in old sugarcane by Waiānuenue and hospital 2006 recon by Corbin (AF-2) HICRIS. 50-10-35-18696 7 Kaūmana Springs Wilderness: Memory, Erasure, and Archaeology 8 1978 Archaeology Aki Sinoto and Eric Komori 1978 50-10-35-18696 'auwai, terraces, rock mounds, cairns, and modified stream banks. Stone walls, amorphous piles or mounds of stone. “The current survey, however, revealed that much of the interior area is unaltered, and that some of the remains, such as walls and mounds, exhibit characteristics that are more typical of prehistoric construction than of historic construction.” Gnarly uluhe. “Aboriginal character” & walls. Some photos. Note unsurveyed areas and cluster locations. 8 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 Traditional Land Use 9 Gon, Samuel, Stephanie Tom, and Ulalia Woodside. 2018. ʻĀina Momona, Honua Au Loli—Productive Lands, Changing World: Using the Hawaiian Footprint to Inform Biocultural Restoration and Future Sustainability in Hawai‘i. Sustainability 10(10):3420. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103420. Conspicuous absence of pink in Punahoa 2 above Halaʻi Hill. Why? Not intensive cultivation? 9 Kaūmana Springs Wilderness: Memory, Erasure, and Archaeology 10 Ainako, as a named place, papers over a history written in its archaeology, and tucked away in memory that has not been maintained publicly. Had they thought of it, or known of it, or saw marketing value in it, HSCo could have tried to keep the place’s older name: Kalama(?), which was told to T Kelsey by Lameka, which was written down, passes into J Gutmanis private collection, but now, 80ish years later, shown to Noah Gomes (SHPD) and shared to me thanks to a tip from Larry Kimura. Noah’s research also found older names—maloiki stream named near PA. Spring names—mohihi, waipahoehoe. 10 Kaūmana Springs Wilderness: Memory, Erasure, and Archaeology 11 Kupapau hill— mohihi. Surveys. Baldwin—stone on old kupapau— Loebenstein (moohihi or spring) ABCFM’s survey (mohihi). 11 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 12 12 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 13 13 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 Moohihi Registered Map 1790 1895 Loebenstein’s trig station is “Moohihi” or “Spring” Note Old Cattle Pen, trail, and “Aalakawai” 14 14 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 15 Lots? Not sure where basemap comes from. Map made from 1901 survey for water reservation. 15 Kaūmana Springs Wilderness: Memory, Erasure, and Archaeology 16 Ainako, as a named place, papers over a history written in its archaeology, and tucked away in memory that has not been maintained publicly. Had they thought of it, or known of it, or saw marketing value in it, HSCo could have tried to keep the place’s older name: Kalama(?), which was told to T Kelsey by Lameka, which was written down, passes into J Gutmanis private collection, but now, 80ish years later, shown to Noah Gomes (SHPD) and shared to me thanks to a tip from Larry Kimura. Noah’s research also found older names—maloiki stream named near PA. Spring names—mohihi, waipahoehoe. 16 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 17 Water Supply 1901 survey by Baldwin Not sure what base map is. It is not in his field book for the water reservation job. Might be in another one I havenʻt been able to look at yet. First map to show “lots” inside project area. Map made from 1901 survey for water reservation. 17 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 18 Initial arguments about water reservation with HEA and County focused on 22.8 acres. Claimed the land was “worthless” except for water. 18 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 19 Water Supply Another map, similar age, based on same base map as Baldwinʻs and other Government maps Note Hilo Boarding School Ditch Spring development 19 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 20 20th century 1934 Hilo Sugar Co. Field Map. Project Area in water reservation for protection of springs. Pockets of sugarcane around it. 20 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 21 Archaeology March 4 - 7, 2024, September 16 - 20, 2024. 212 features 4 sites Surface survey only ($) 21 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 22 50-10-35-14947 Hilo Boarding School Ditch Destroyed mauka Enters stream channel and exits Project Area HBS ditch. Already significant. OHA consultation I added back into the story the connection with Aki (Konohiki) who is said to have started this ditch ca. 1813. So ABCE. Preserve. 22 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 23 Ditch 13-13 13-11 13-14 Excavated ditch segment. Retaining walls/rip-rap on stream bank. 23 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 24 Features by function. Mounds, platforms, modified outcrops are thought to be ag. Very few ditches, but a couple stream beds with rock lining or walls along them. 24 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 50-10-35-18696 25 25 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 26 03-12 04-01 12-06D 14-10 Mounds– wide variety of sizes, many are on pahoehoe. Nearly all have trees growing out to them. Think these are clearing mounds for ag. Possibly for growing kalo/ʻuala or other plants. 26 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 27 15-13 07-02 Platforms– more formal and flat on top. Similar condition situations. 27 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 28 LCA 387 Part 4 Section 1 Land to Nathaniel Goodrich & ABCFM in 1827 by Kamehameha III and Kaahumanu 28 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 29 LCA 387 Part 4 Section 1 Land to Nathaniel Goodrich & ABCFM in 1827 by Kamehameha III and Kaahumanu 29 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 30 4 Habitation features. We numbered this one 03-09 and I think it includes 03-08. 30 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 31 03-09 tiered foundation, possibly water tanks or “activity areas” with a low wall extending off . 1 historic bottle fragment 31 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 32 03-08 rectangular mound, heavily disturbed by tree growth. A collapsedor depressed area on one end. All this reminded me of other houses 19th-20th c Iʻve seen around the island. 32 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 33 14-02, 03, 04, another household. Historic artifacts, walls on pahoehoe outcrop, hearth feature. 33 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 34 Probably house foundation 34 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 35 14-04 Mound 14-03B Hearth/Fire ring Other nearby features 35 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 36 This si 36 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 37 Walls. Most walls align with lot boundaries shown on 1901 map. A few odd-ball ones. 37 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 38 03-15 03-21 Walls 04-07 09-13 When we say walls, what we mean are just bits and pieces, never more than 3-4 rocks tall, never more than a few meters in any one place. Pig damage, tree damage, and weʻre not sure where the rest are. Some soil accumulation on the upslope sides but it doesnʻt look like these are massive and buried. 38 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 39 Look back at corner of 11, 6, 12, 13, 14 39 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 40 11-04 is an enclosure built off of one of the lot boundary walls. 40 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 41 Makai wall Interior 11-04 Enclosure No real opening. Flat and cleared inside. Lots of guava growing. Planting area protected from pigs? Animal pen? 41 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 42 Springs– back to area in northeast of PA. 42 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 43 01-09 an area with several mounds but also a modified spring 43 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 44 03-18 01-09 01-09 an area with several mounds but also a modified spring 44 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 45 50-10-35-T1 Hilo Water Work spring 45 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 46 Pipe T-1 Intake foundation Intake / Spring house foundation– formed concrete, one wall is broken. 46 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 47 50-10-35-T2 Kupapau Hill Trig Station 47 Kaūmana Springs Wilderness: Memory, Erasure, and Archaeology 48 Ainako, as a named place, papers over a history written in its archaeology, and tucked away in memory that has not been maintained publicly. Had they thought of it, or known of it, or saw marketing value in it, HSCo could have tried to keep the place’s older name: Kalama(?), which was told to T Kelsey by Lameka, which was written down, passes into J Gutmanis private collection, but now, 80ish years later, shown to Noah Gomes (SHPD) and shared to me thanks to a tip from Larry Kimura. Noah’s research also found older names—maloiki stream named near PA. Spring names—mohihi, waipahoehoe. 48 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 49 Excavated area / crater Trig Station Intake / Spring house foundation– formed concrete, one wall is broken. 49 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 50 Old Recon Aki Sinoto and Eric Komori 1978 Comparison with 1978 recon survey. Areas 2, 3, 5, plus unmapped and hidden features. 50 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 51 Mitigation Avoid: Kupapau Hill & makai Preserve: Hilo Boarding School Ditch Mauka ag features Habitations in Phase 1 Water features makai of development Data Recovery: Additional historic research Habitations in Phase 2 Enclosure in Phase 2 Interpretation: Displays in preservation areas : Agriculture Habitation Water history Comparison with 1978 recon survey. Areas 2, 3, 5, plus unmapped and hidden features. 51 Preliminary Design Analyzed in EA Comments being addressed Plan to preserve HBS Ditch 18696 looks modified during late 19th early 20th century. But portions could be interpreted for public. T-1 (Spring) is interpretable and excluded from design T-2 (Trig station) not considered eligible But…top of puʻu “old kupapau” 52 WHERE WE ARE AT Topo survey Geotech Funding Permitting 6E-8 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 WHAT IS NEXT 52 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 Neil C Erickson Housing & Community Development Housing Specialist V County of Hawai`i - Office of Housing & Community Development 1990 Kinoole Street, Suite 102 Hilo, HI 96720 Phone: (808) 932-5959, Email:  NeilC.Erickson@hawaiicounty.gov 53 County POC 53 Mahalo 54 Backup Slides 55 Archaeology Survey for Proposed Workforce Housing, Punahoa 2 56 Geology and Soil patchwork of tholeiitic basalt lava flows and tephra deposits on Pleistocene-era (greater than 10,000 years old) lava flows from Mauna Loa Panaewa very cobbly hydrous loam, 2 to 10 percent slopes Localized within swales and basins among the rolling and faulted exposed pāhoehoe ground surface 56