HomeMy WebLinkAboutPD Recommendation (PL-SPP-2025-000113)R.KrzyzanowskiSPP.ja.3/24/26
COUNTY OF HAWAI‘I PLANNING DEPARTMENT RECOMMENDATION
JACK KRZYZANOWSKI AND MARK KRZYZANOWSKI SPECIAL PERMIT APPLICATION NO. PL-SPP-2025-000113
Upon review of the request against the guidelines for granting a Special Permit,
the Planning Director recommends that the request to establish a 4-bedroom bed and
breakfast within a proposed 5-bedroom dwelling on a 1.0-acre property within the
State Land Use Agricultural District be approved by the Planning Commission.
Since this recommendation is made without the benefit of public testimony, the Director
reserves the right to modify and/or alter this position based upon additional information
presented at the public hearing. The approval recommendation is based on the
following findings:
The applicants propose to establish a 4-bedroom bed and breakfast within
a proposed 5-bedroom dwelling on a 1.0-acre property. The proposed 5-bedroom
dwelling will consist of a main structure with a kitchen, bathroom, one bedroom,
and covered lanai, and four detached bedrooms. The on-site operator of the bed
and breakfast operation will reside long-term in the main dwelling structure. Four
detached guest rooms that consist of a bedroom, bathroom and covered lanai,
with no individual kitchen, will be constructed in two phases, with phase one
consisting of the first two guest rooms and phase two adding two additional guest
rooms. The total proposed area to be developed is approximately 0.25 acres,
with the remaining 0.75 acres to be maintained in its natural condition and used
for low-impact agricultural activities such as honey production and propagation of
native flora. The applicants state that existing native vegetation will be retained
where feasible, including ʻōhiʻa trees and ʻā‘ali‘i shrubs. The resident operator will
be present full-time and there will be no events, weddings, retreats, group
activities, commercial gatherings or amplified music. Additionally, the applicants
note that guest parking will be provided on site and quiet hours will be enforced.
The application states that the project is intended to provide stable,
affordable housing for the resident operator of the bed and breakfast. Additional
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reasons for the request cited include physical characteristics of the property
which make it unsuitable for agricultural production, as well as the need for small-
scale economic activity in Kaʻū and upper Ocean View that does not burden
County infrastructure or alter the rural character of the area.
The grounds for approving a Special Permit are based on Rule 6-7 in the
Planning Commission Rules. It states that the Planning Commission shall not
approve a Special Permit unless it is found that the proposed use (a) is an
unusual and reasonable use of land situated within the Agricultural or Rural
District, whichever the case may be; and (b) the proposed use would promote the
effectiveness and objectives of Chapter 205, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes, as
amended.
The proposed use is an unusual and reasonable use of land situated
within the Agricultural District that would not be contrary to the
effectiveness and objectives of Chapter 205, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes, as
amended. In recognizing that lands within agricultural districts might not be best
suited for agricultural activities and yet classified as such, and in recognition that
certain types of uses might not be strictly agricultural in nature, yet reasonable in
such districts, the legislature has provided for the Special Permit process to allow
certain unusual and reasonable uses within the Agricultural district.
The request is unusual in that the proposed use is not strictly agricultural
in nature and would allow the applicants to host overnight accommodations on
their property. However, the proposed use is reasonable in that it would be
subordinate and accessory to a dwelling, which is a permitted use, and the
remainder of the property will be available for agricultural use. Therefore, it is
reasonable that this use be allowed in the Agricultural district.
In addition to the above listed criteria, the Planning Commission shall also
consider the following criteria listed under Section 6-3(b)(5) (A) through (G) of its
rules of practice and procedure:
(A) Such uses shall not be contrary to the objectives sought to be
accomplished by the Land Use Law and Regulations. The State Land Use
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Law and Regulations are intended to preserve, protect, and encourage the
development of lands for those uses to which they are best suited in the interest
of the public welfare of the people of the State of Hawai‘i. In the case of the
Agricultural District, the intent is to preserve or keep lands of high agricultural
potential in agricultural use.
The subject property is classified by the Land Study Bureau’s rating
system as class “E” or “Very Poor” soil for agricultural productivity and is
undesignated on the ALISH map. The proposed bed and breakfast will be
located on a portion of the property and will not significantly diminish the
agricultural potential of the remaining land. Based on the preceding, the
proposed use will not adversely affect the preservation and agricultural use of the
County’s agricultural lands of high agricultural potential and is not contrary to the
objectives sought to be accomplished by the State Land Use Law and
Regulations.
(B) The desired use would not adversely affect surrounding
properties.
Surrounding properties are zoned A-1a, and range in size from 1 to 3
acres. These parcels contain a mixture of vacant land and dwellings, with the
nearest dwelling sited approximately 200 feet from the permit area. The proposal
notes that a resident operator will be present full-time, adequate on-site parking
will be provided, quiet hours will be enforced and there will be no events,
weddings, retreats, group activities, commercial gatherings or amplified music.
To ensure that the use will not adversely affect surrounding properties, the
preceding will be included as a condition of approval.
(C) Such use shall not unreasonably burden public agencies to
provide roads and streets, sewers, water, drainage, school improvements,
and police and fire protection. The property will take access from Iwalani
Parkway, a private road with an approximate 20-foot-wide pavement that is
owned and maintained by HOVE Road Maintenance Association. The applicants
will provide four on-site parking stalls for guests, in compliance with zoning code
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parking requirements, and expect that traffic impacts from the bed and breakfast
will be minimal as the operation is limited to four guest rooms.
According to comments provided by the Department of Finance, Real
Property Tax and acknowledged by the applicants, the property will lose the tax
benefits of homeowner classification, if applicable, if the bed and breakfast is
approved and verifiable hosted activity occurs.
According to the Fire Department, sufficient fire apparatus access and fire
suppression water supply shall be provided to comply with NFPA 1 Hawaii State
Fire Code. The applicants have stated that they are amenable to including an all-
weather access drive and turnaround, in addition to on-site fire suppression
water storage, if the Fire Department determines that these are required. A
condition of approval will be included requiring the applicants to provide
adequate water for fire suppression purposes and to construct a Fire Department
Access Road (FDAR) of a width and surface material meeting with the approval
of the Fire Department.
As there is no county water available to the subject property, water for the
proposed use will be provided by a catchment tank. The applicants have stated
that potable water needs for guests will be provided by bottled water and/or water
coolers.
The Department of Environmental Management notes that the property is
about 20 miles from the nearest county sewer connection and the applicants
have acknowledged that wastewater disposal will be subject to approval by the
Department of Health (DOH). A condition of approval will be included requiring
compliance with the DOH for wastewater disposal.
(D) Unusual conditions, trends, and needs have arisen since
district boundaries and regulations were established. In the 1960’s and
1970’s, the State’s agricultural district boundaries and regulations were
established and subsequently amended pursuant to HRS Chapter 205. The State
Land Use Commission was created in 1961, and interim regulations and
temporary district boundaries became effective in 1962. Subsequently, the
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regulations and Land Use District Boundaries became effective in August of
1964.
Since then, the Hawaiian Ocean View Estates subdivision has become
more residential in nature; however, the property and surrounding areas are
designated for agricultural uses by both State and County land use laws.
Through the issuance of a Special Permit, various non-agricultural services may
be allowed. The request is in line with the intent for allowing the issuance of a
Special Permit. Based on the above discussion, the applicant has met this
criterion.
(E) The land upon which the proposed use is sought is unsuited
for the uses permitted within the district. Soils within the permit area site are
classified as “E” or “Very Poor” for agricultural productivity by the Land Study
Bureau (LSB) and are classified as “undesignated” under the Agricultural Lands
of Importance to the State of Hawai‘i (ALISH) map. Based on the preceding, the
subject property is unsuited for agricultural uses permitted in the State Land Use
Agricultural District.
(F) The use will not substantially alter or change the essential
character of the land and the present use. The subject property is currently
vacant and undeveloped. Given that the proposed use will be contained within a
dwelling, development will be contained to 0.25 acres of the 1.0-acre property,
and that existing land uses in the surrounding area consist of residential and
agricultural uses, with numerous vacant properties, the proposed use should not
significantly detract from the land’s current character.
(G) The request will not be contrary to the General Plan and
Community Development Plan (CDP) and Zoning Code. The Land Use
Pattern Allocation Guide (LUPAG) Map component of the General Plan is a
representation of the document's goals and policies to guide the coordinated
growth and development of the County. It reflects a graphic depiction of the
physical relationship among the various land uses. The LUPAG Map establishes
the basic urban and non-urban form for areas within the County.
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The project site is identified by the LUPAG map as Rural, which includes
existing subdivisions in the State Land Use Agricultural and Rural districts that
have a significant residential component. These subdivisions may contain small
farms, wooded areas, and open fields as well as residences. Allowable uses
within these areas, with appropriate zoning, may include commercial facilities
that serve the residential and agricultural uses in the area, and community and
public facilities. As previously mentioned, the proposed use will be contained
within a dwelling and will not preclude agricultural use of the remainder of the
subject property.
The proposed request is also consistent with the following goals and
policies of the Economic elements of the General Plan:
2.2 Goals:
• Provide residents with opportunities to improve their quality of life through
economic development that enhances the County’s natural and social
environments.
• (b) Economic development and improvement shall be in balance with the
physical, social, and cultural environments of the island of Hawaii.
The Kaʻū Community Development Plan (CDP) is generally supportive of
Special Permits for bed and breakfast establishments, and the proposed use is
also consistent with the following CDP economic elements:
• Policy 41: Special Permits of any kind in the “Rural” Land Use Policy Map
category should not be permitted in the Kau CDP planning area, except
for the following uses: Cottage Industry: Bed and breakfast
establishments, Home occupations, Commercial or personal service uses,
on a small scale.
• Policy 147: Encourage the development of a visitor industry that is in
harmony with the character of the area and environmental and social
goals of residents. (GP 2.3(c), 14.7.5.9.2(a))
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Based on the preceding, the proposed use will not be contrary to the
General Plan, CDP nor the Zoning Code.
The request is not contrary to Chapter 205A, Hawai‘i Revised
Statues, relating to Coastal Zone Management. The property is located
approximately 10.5 miles away from the nearest shoreline and will not be
impacted by coastal hazards or affect beach erosion, coastal ecosystems, and
marine resources. Additionally, it is not located in the Special Management Area
and there is no record of a designated public access to the shoreline or mountain
areas that traverses the property. Based on the preceding, the proposed use is
not contrary to the objectives of Chapter 205A, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes relating
to Coastal Zone Management.
The request will not have a significant adverse impact to traditional
and customary Hawaiian Rights. In view of the Hawaiʻi State Supreme Court’s
“PASH” and “Ka Paʻakai O KaʻAina” decisions, the issue relative to native
Hawaiian gathering and fishing rights must be addressed in terms of the cultural,
historical, and natural resources and the associated traditional and customary
practices of the site.
Investigation of valued resources: No formal archaeological
reconnaissance survey, oral history of kamaʻāina accounts of the area, historical
survey of documentary records, or botanical study was included in the
application.
The valued cultural, historical, and natural resources found in the special
permit area: Records from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) indicate
that the subject property and much of the surrounding area was most recently
inundated by a 1907 lava flow. According to the applicants, there are no known
endangered species or critical habitat in the permit area, nor are there known
traditional or customary Native Hawaiian cultural practices, gathering areas or
access rights located on the property, which is undeveloped. Existing vegetation
includes ʻā‘ali‘i shrubs and low groundcover in addition to small ʻōhiʻa trees,
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which, while not a listed or endangered species, are considered a valued natural
and cultural resource.
No archaeological studies were conducted for the project area. A request
for review was sent to the Department of Land and Natural Resources, State
Historic Preservation Division (SHPD), however, no response has been received
at the time of this writing. According to the Department’s records, there are no
known archeological, cultural or historic resources on the subject property.
Possible adverse effect or impairment of valued resources: The applicants
propose to develop approximately 0.25 acres of the 1.0-acre property, with the
remaining 0.75 acres to be maintained in its natural condition and used for low-
impact agricultural activities such as honey production and propagation of native
flora. The applicants state that existing native vegetation will be retained where
feasible, including ʻōhiʻa trees and ʻā‘ali‘i shrubs. The Director notes that while
some native plants may be destroyed during construction, the impact is
consistent with similar residential development on comparable, nearby parcels,
and that there will likely not be significant adverse effects given that 75% of the
property will remain undeveloped.
Feasible actions to protect native Hawaiian rights: According to the
Department’s records, it is not known whether the subject site or immediate area
was ever used for traditional and customary rights by native Hawaiians. Thus, to
the extent to which traditional and customary native Hawaiian rights are
exercised, the proposed action should not affect traditional Hawaiian rights.
However, the applicants note the project will not restrict access to cultural sites or
interfere with traditional practices and that if cultural resources are discovered,
appropriate notification and protection measures will be implemented. Should
historic or cultural resources be inadvertently discovered during construction
work, a condition of the permit will require the Applicant to cease work in the
immediate vicinity of the find, protect the find from additional disturbance and
contact the State Historic Preservation Division to determine and implement
appropriate mitigation measures.
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Lastly, this approval is made with the understanding that the applicant
remains responsible for complying with all other applicable governmental
requirements in connection with the approved use, prior to its commencement or
establishment upon the subject property. Additional governmental requirements
may include the issuance of building permits, the installation of approved
wastewater disposal systems, compliance with the Building Code and Fire Code,
installation of improvements required by the American with Disabilities Act (ADA),
among many others. Compliance with all applicable governmental requirements
is a condition of this approval; failure to comply with such requirements will be
considered a violation that may result in enforcement action by the Planning
Department and/or the affected agencies.
Based on the preceding considerations, approval of the request to
establish a 4-bedroom bed and breakfast within a proposed 5-bedroom
dwelling on a 1.0-acre property within the State Land Use Agricultural
District would support the objectives sought to be accomplished by the
Land Use Law and Regulations.
Approval of this request is subject to the following conditions:
1. The applicant(s), its successor(s), or assign(s) (“Applicant”) shall be
responsible for complying with all stated conditions of approval.
2. The operation of the proposed use shall be conducted in a manner that is
substantially representative of plans and details as contained within the
Special Permit Application received by the Planning Department, dated
February 8, 2026, and representations made to the Windward Planning
Commission. Any expansion of uses beyond what is represented in these
documents shall require an amendment to this permit.
3. Prior to establishing the proposed use, the Applicant shall install,
construct, and maintain improvements for Fire Department Access Road
(FDAR) access to the permit area and fire suppression improvements,
including, but not limited to, on-site water storage, as required by the Fire
Department.
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4. The Applicant shall comply with all requirements of Section 25-4-7 of the
County of Hawaiʻi Zoning Code, as amended, relating to bed and
breakfast establishments.
5. The bed and breakfast operation shall be limited to the use of four (4)
bedrooms for rent.
6. At no time shall the permitted use on the subject property include events,
weddings, retreats, group activities, commercial gatherings or amplified
music.
7. The Applicant shall comply with food service operations notification and
permit requirements in the State Department of Health’s Administrative
Rules, Title 11, Chapter 50, Food Safety Code, as it pertains to bed and
breakfast operations.
8. In the event that surface or subsurface historic resources, including
human skeletal remains, structural remains (e.g. rock walls, terraces,
platforms, etc.), cultural deposits, marine shell concentrations, sand
deposits, or sink holes are identified during the demolition and/or
construction work, the Applicant shall cease work in the immediate vicinity
of the find, protect the find from additional disturbance and contact the
Department of Land and Natural Resources-State Historic Preservation
Division (SHPD) at (808) 933-7651. Subsequent work shall proceed upon
archaeological clearance from SHPD when it finds that sufficient mitigation
measures have been taken.
9. The Applicant shall comply with all applicable County, State, and Federal
laws, rules, regulations, and requirements in connection with the approved
use, prior to its commencement or establishment upon the subject
property.
10. Should any of these conditions not be met or substantially complied with in
a timely fashion, the Planning Director may initiate procedures to revoke
this Special Permit.