HomeMy WebLinkAboutPD Recommendation Report (PL-SPP-2025-000112)1
B.KLINE.SPP
COUNTY OF HAWAI‘I PLANNING DEPARTMENT
RECOMMENDATION REPORT
KRUA & BRET KLINE
SPECIAL PERMIT APPLICATION (PL-SPP-2025-000112)
Upon reviewing the request against the guidelines for granting a Special
Permit, the Planning Director recommends that this request to allow the establishment of
food vendors, agricultural training classes and sale of fresh produce on an approximately
1.6-acre parcel of land in the State Land Use Agricultural District be approved by the
Windward Planning Commission. Since this recommendation is made without benefit
of public testimony, the Director reserves the right to modify and/or alter this
recommendation based upon additional information presented at the public hearing. The
recommendation for approval is based on the following findings:
The applicants are requesting a Special Permit to establish a vendor market
comprised of food vendors, agricultural training classes and produce vendors. The
operation will include 5 structures to be used as vendor stalls and an additional
structure to be used as storage. A 600 square-foot future restroom structure is
proposed located in proximity to the 33rd Ave entrance. The applicants have
provided a cindered parking area able to accommodate up to 18 vehicles. The
market will operate daily between 11:00 am and 7:00 pm with agricultural classes
occurring twice per month between the hours of 9:00 am and 4:00 pm with
approximately 20 attendees. The proposed business activities will employ between
8 and 12 people to operate the multiple vendor booths and provide the agricultural
classes.
The grounds for approving a Special Permit are based on Rule 6-7 in the
Planning Commission Rules. It states that the Planning Commission shall not
approve a Special Permit unless it is found that the proposed use (a) is an unusual
and reasonable use of land situated within the Agricultural or Rural District,
whichever the case may be and (b) the proposed use would promote the
effectiveness and objectives of Chapter 205, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes, as
amended.
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The granting of this request would promote the effectiveness and
objectives of Chapter 205, Hawaiʻi Revised Statutes, as amended. The State
Land Use Law and Regulations are intended to preserve, protect, and encourage
the development of lands in the State for those uses to which they are best suited
in the interest of the public health and welfare of the people of the State of Hawaiʻi.
In the case of the Agricultural District, the intent is to preserve or keep lands of
high agricultural potential in agricultural use. In this case, the County designates
the property as rural, the soils are classified as both “LV” or Lava Flows, which
consist of rough broken lava with no significant soil cover by the Land Study
Bureau’s Overall Master Productivity Rating and designated as “Unclassified” by
the Department of Agriculture’s ALISH Map.
As the proposed use will occur within the new structures and some outdoor
areas, the agricultural potential of the subject property will not be diminished. The
agricultural classes taking place will produce hydroponic produce and mushroom
cultivation. Therefore, the proposed use will not adversely affect the preservation
and agricultural use of unclassified agricultural lands and is not contrary to the
objectives sought to be accomplished by the State Land Use Law and Regulations.
The proposed use is an unusual and reasonable use of land situated
within the State Land Use Agricultural District. In recognizing that lands within
agricultural districts might not be best suited for agricultural activities and yet
classified as such, and in recognition that certain types of uses might not be strictly
agricultural in nature, yet reasonable in such districts, the legislature has provided
for the Special Permit process to allow certain unusual and reasonable uses within
the Agricultural district. The subject property is 1.6 acres in size and situated within
the County’s Agricultural-1 acre (A-1a) zoned district.
The applicant currently does not reside on the subject property and as
previously noted, the proposed operation will be within the subject property and
the applicants will maintain agricultural uses on the property. Given the above, the
proposed vendor market will not diminish the potential for any future agricultural
activity on the subject property. Based on the preceding, the subject request is
considered an unusual and reasonable use of agricultural land.
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In addition to the above listed criteria, the Planning Commission shall also
consider the criteria listed under Section 6-3(b)(5) (A) through (G). In considering
the criteria, the Planning Director recommends the following.
(A) Such use would not be contrary to the objectives sought to be
accomplished by the Land Use Law and Regulations. The subject request is
considered an unusual and reasonable use of the agricultural land, and the
proposed use will not adversely affect the preservation and agricultural use of the
County’s prime agricultural lands.
(B) The desired use shall not adversely affect the surrounding
properties. Properties surrounding the subject property are zoned Agricultural-1
acres (A-1a), with uses consisting of agriculture, farm dwellings, and vacant lands.
There are multiple special permits that have been granted for land uses such as
base yards and an automotive shop along 33rd Avenue. The closest residence to
the subject property is located approximately 50 feet to the southeast. Based on
the preceding it is not anticipated that the proposed use will adversely affect the
surrounding properties.
(C) Such use shall not unreasonably burden public agencies to
provide roads and streets, sewers, water, drainage, school improvements,
and police and fire protection. Access to the subject property is by two separate
proposed driveways; one from Keaʻau-Pāhoa Road (Highway 130), a two-lane
State highway, the second access point is from Keaʻau-Pāhoa Road (Highway
130) onto Makuʻu Drive and 33rd Avenue. Uluhe Street (33rd Avenue) is a private
roadway that is partially paved by the nearby permittees as a condition of their
special permits. The driveway apron, parking area and roadway fronting the
property along 33rd. Avenue is an existing compact gravel and red cinder surface.
The applicant does not anticipate significant adverse traffic impacts on the local
roadway system. The State Department of Transportation (HDOT) reviewed the
proposed Special Permit request and had no objection to the project as proposed.
HDOT noted that the use is not expected to significantly impact State highway
operations but recommended that any access improvements, work within State
highway right-of-way, parking circulation, drainage considerations, and future
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project expansions be coordinated with and reviewed by HDOT as applicable.
HDOT also encouraged incorporating sustainable and energy-efficient design
practices where feasible. As discussed in Criteria G of this recommendation, since
the Puna Community Development Plan (PCDP) supports no direct access onto
Highway 130, the Director is recommending to limit access to the subject property
to come only from 33rd Avenue.
Since the subject property is not served by the existing county sewer
system, the project shall follow Department of Health (DOH) regulations for
wastewater. The applicants propose to utilize a temporary restroom facility with a
proposed permanent restroom facility in the future.
According to the DOH – Sanitation Branch, the establishment of food
vendors needs to meet the requirements of H.A.R. Title 11 Chapter 50. Food
Safety Code.
The subject property is not connected to County water and DWS has stated
that water can be made available from a 12-inch waterline within Keaʻau-Pāhoa
Road fronting the property, subject to the applicant meeting DWS conditions. The
applicant notes that they assume responsibility to provide water to the property for
potable use and fire suppression. A condition of approval will address the
preceding.
The property is situated within an area designated as Flood Zone X on the
Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) by FEMA, an area of minimal flood hazard
located outside the 500-year flood plain. Electrical, telephone and emergency
services are available to the subject property. Based on the preceding, the
requested use will not burden public agencies to provide additional services.
(D) Unusual conditions, trends, and needs have arisen since
district boundaries and regulations were established. In the 1960’s and
1970’s, the State’s Agricultural District boundaries and regulations were
established and subsequently amended pursuant to HRS Chapter 205. The State
Land Use Commission was created in 1961, and interim regulations and temporary
district boundaries became effective in 1962. Subsequently, the regulations and
Land Use District Boundaries became effective in August of 1964.
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Although the property and surrounding areas are designated for agricultural
uses by both State and County land use laws, through the issuance of a Special
Permit, various “non-agricultural” services and uses may be allowed. Since the
district boundaries were established, the trend has increased for roadside vendor
markets venues. The proposed use would meet this demand by providing
residents and visitors an opportunity to support agriculture and provides a way for
guests to learn about small farm agriculture in Hawaiʻi.
(E) The land upon which the proposed use is sought is unsuited for
the uses permitted within the district. The property is currently not being used
for agriculture as a farm. As previously noted, the property sits cleared with the
proposed structures and limited landscaping, and the proposed use will not reduce
the land available for agricultural use.
(F) The proposed use will not substantially alter or change the
essential character of the land and the present use. The character of the
surrounding lands is predominantly residential/agricultural in nature, with uses
including small-scale agriculture, dwellings, undeveloped land and multiple special
permits that allow for base yarding and auto repairs. On-site parking will be
provided, and the applicant does not anticipate significantly adverse traffic impacts
on the local roadway system. Currently, the property remains cleared and graveled
with the six structures proposed to be used as vendor stalls and a storage building.
The property is planted with ti leaves along the perimeter, which will be further
maintained by the proposed agricultural classes use, as described in the
application. Based on the preceding, the proposed request will not substantially
change the essential character of the land and the present use.
(G) The request will not be contrary to the General Plan and official
Community Development Plan and other documents such as Design Plans.
The Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide (LUPAG) Map component of the General
Plan is a representation of the document's goals and policies to guide the
coordinated growth and development of the County. It reflects a graphic depiction
of the physical relationship among the various land uses. The LUPAG Map
establishes the basic urban and non-urban form for areas within the County.
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The subject property is designated as Rural (RUR) which refers to land that
includes existing subdivisions in the State Land Use Agricultural and Rural
districts that have a significant residential component. Typical lot sizes vary from
9,000 square feet to two acres. These subdivisions may contain small farms,
wooded areas, and open fields as well as residences. Allowable uses within these
areas, with appropriate zoning, may include commercial facilities that serve the
residential and agricultural uses in the area, and community and public facilities.
The Rural designation does not necessarily mean that these areas should be
further subdivided to smaller lots. Most lack the infrastructure necessary to allow
further subdivision.
The approval of the subject request would support the goals and policies of
the Land Use and Economic elements of the General Plan.
Land Use Element
• Enhance the role of existing and new village/town centers by allowing
expanded commercial uses, facilitating the development of farmers
markets and community gathering places, opportunities for special
needs housing, and infrastructure to support more compact
development form and multi-modal travel.
Economic Element
• Provide infrastructure support for youth education and job training in
the technology and agricultural sectors.
The proposed request will allow the applicants an opportunity to improve
their quality of life, provide an economic environment which allows this opportunity
and increase the development of the agricultural and visitor industry for Hawaiʻi.
Based on the preceding, the proposed request is consistent with the Land Use and
Economic goals and policies of the General Plan.
The Puna Community Development Plan (PCDP) was adopted in
2008, with the subject parcel located within the Hawaiian Paradise Park
Subdivision. The proposed vendor market will provide the applicants with
supplemental income and support existing agricultural uses. Given the preceding,
the request is consistent with the goals and objectives of the PCDP.
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As mentioned above, while the State Department of Transportation (HDOT)
did not object to the proposed Special Permit request, its comments indicate that
support is conditional and dependent upon ensuring that the project does not
adversely affect State highway operations. HDOT emphasized coordination for
access, parking circulation, drainage, and any future expansion that could increase
transportation impacts. These comments suggest concern with operational
compatibility rather than opposition to the proposed use.
With respect to the Puna Community Development Plan (PCDP), the project
site is not located within the identified Hawaiian Paradise Park Regional Town
Center where commercial activity is generally encouraged. Although the site is
within an area identified as having potential for light industrial development, the
proposed vendor market represents a commercial use within an Agricultural
District and adjacent to residential and agricultural uses. Therefore, the project
does not directly advance the PCDP’s preferred concentration of commercial
activities within designated town or village centers. Additionally, Table 5-1 of the
PCDP states the goal of “access to a paved road, except that there should be no
direct access or visibility from either Highway 11 or Highway 130; no “drive-thru”
commercial use.” Highway 130 serves as the primary arterial roadway into and out
of lower Puna. Arterials roadways are meant to carry a high volume of vehicles
from one region to another; however, when commercial driveways directly access
the highway, it reduces the function of the roadway and can decrease traffic safety.
Given that the PCDP supports no direct access onto the highway, the Director
recommends including a condition to limit access to come only from 33rd Avenue
and to require a landscape buffer at the property’s frontage on Keaʻau-Pāhoa Road
(Highway 130).
The proposed use is not contrary to the objectives sought to be
accomplished by Chapter 205A, Hawaiʻi Revised Statutes, relating to Coastal
Zone Management Program. The Special Management Area (SMA) is part of the
Coastal Zone Management Program regulated by the County. The subject
property is not in proximity of the shoreline and will not be impacted by coastal
hazards or affect beach erosion, coastal ecosystems, and marine resources as the
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property sits approximately 4 miles from the closest shoreline. There is no
designated public access to the mountain or shoreline areas over the property,
and the proposed use will not adversely impact any recreational resources,
including access to and along the shoreline, scenic and open space nor visual
resources. Therefore, the proposed use is not contrary to the objectives of Chapter
205A, Hawaiʻi Revised Statutes.
The request will not have a significant adverse impact to traditional
and customary Hawaiian Rights. In view of the Hawaiʻi State Supreme Court’s
“PASH” and “Ka Paʻakai O KaʻAina” decisions, the issue relative to native Hawaiian
gathering and fishing rights must be addressed in terms of the cultural, historical,
and natural resources and the associated traditional and customary practices of
the site.
Investigation of valued resources: No formal archaeological
reconnaissance survey, oral history of kamaʻāina accounts of the area, historical
survey of documentary records, or botanical study was included in the application.
The valued cultural, historical, and natural resources found in the area: The
subject property is a previously disturbed agricultural lot located within an
established subdivision. Review of available agency records, project materials,
and GIS databases did not identify any known archaeological sites, historic
properties, traditional gathering areas, cultural sites, or ongoing Native Hawaiian
traditional and customary practices within the project area. No evidence was
presented (in the application or by the applicant) indicating the exercise of
protected Native Hawaiian rights on the subject parcel.
Possible adverse effect or impairment of valued resources: The proposed
project consists of 5 vendor structures and 1 storage building located on a
previously developed lot. No cultural resources or traditional customary Native
Hawaiian practices were identified within the project area. Because no protected
resources or practices were identified, the proposal is not expected to adversely
affect or impair traditional and customary Native Hawaiian rights.
Feasible actions to protect native Hawaiian rights: Because no cultural
resources, traditional customary practices, or Native Hawaiian rights were
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identified within the project area, no specific protective measures are necessary.
Based on the available record, approval of the proposed action will not impair the
exercise of protected rights.
Lastly, this recommendation is made with the understanding that the
applicant remains responsible for complying with all other applicable governmental
requirements in connection with the approved use, prior to its commencement or
establishment upon the subject property. Additional governmental requirements
may include the issuance of building permits, the installation of approved water
systems, compliance with the Fire Code, installation of improvements required by
the American with Disabilities Act (ADA), among many others. Compliance with all
applicable governmental requirements is a condition of this approval; failure to
comply with such requirements will be considered a violation that may result in
enforcement action by the Planning Department and/or the affected agencies.
Based on the preceding findings, it is recommended that the request
for a Special Permit to allow the establishment of a vendor market operation
be approved by the Windward Planning Commission. Approval of this
request is subject to the following conditions:
1. The applicant(s), its successor(s) or assign(s) (“Applicant”) shall be
responsible for complying with all of the stated conditions of approval.
2. The operation of the proposed use shall be conducted in a manner that is
substantially representative of plans and details as contained within the
Special Permit Application received by the Planning Department, received
on November 19, 2025, and representations made to the Windward
Planning Commission. Any expansion of uses beyond what is represented
in these documents shall require an amendment to this permit.
3. The Applicant shall comply with food service operations notification and
permit requirements in the State Department of Health’s Administrative
Rules, Title 11, Chapter 50, Food Safety Code, as it pertains to the
proposed operations.
4. Prior to the issuance of a water commitment by the Department of Water
Supply, the applicant shall submit the anticipated maximum daily water
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usage calculations as recommended by a registered engineer, and a water
commitment deposit in accordance with the “Water Commitment Guidelines
Policy” to the Department of Water Supply within one hundred eighty (180)
days from the effective date of this permit.
5. Prior to commencement of the proposed use, the Applicant shall secure
Final Plan Approval from the Planning Director in accordance with the
Zoning Code, Sections 25-2-71(f), 25-2-72, 25-2-76 and 25-2-77. Plans
shall identify existing and proposed structures, fire protection measures,
landscaping, signage, parking stalls, driveways and other improvements
associated with the uses.
6. Prior to commencement of the proposed use, the Applicant shall secure and
finalize all required building permits for the vendor stalls and storage
structures to be used for the proposed use, meeting with approval of the
Department of Public Works.
7. Construction of the proposed restroom facility shall be completed within two
(2) years from the effective date of this permit.
8. A thick landscape screen shall be provided for the purpose of mitigating any
adverse noise or visual impacts to adjacent properties and for limiting the
visibility of the vendor market from the highway. Landscaping shall be
established and maintained at a minimum height of ten (10) feet and
minimum depth of four (4) feet within and along the west property boundary
and be designed to provide a complete visual screen from Highway 130
when the landscaping is fully mature. The Applicant shall immediately
replace any trees that die in the future with fully mature trees. Landscaping
shall be established and maintained at a minimum height of ten (10) feet
and minimum depth of four (4) feet within and along the north, east and
south property boundaries, unless otherwise agreed to with neighboring
property owners.
9. Access to the subject property shall be limited to 33rd Avenue. Access to
and from Highway 130 is prohibited.
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10. The hours of operation shall be limited to 9:00 am to 7:00 pm daily.
11. The Applicant shall comply with all applicable County, State and Federal
laws, rules, regulations, and requirements in connection with the proposed
use, prior to its commencement or establishment upon the subject property.
12. An initial extension of time for the performance of conditions within the
permit may be granted by the Planning Director upon the following
circumstances:
A. The non-performance is the result of conditions that could not
have been foreseen or are beyond the control of the Applicant
and that are not the result of their fault or negligence.
B. Granting of the time extension would not be contrary to the
General Plan or Zoning Code.
C. Granting of the time extension would not be contrary to the
original reasons for the granting of the permit.
D. The time extension granted shall be for a period not to exceed
the period originally granted for performance (i.e., a condition
to be performed within one year may be extended for up to
one additional year).
13. Should any of the conditions not be met or substantially complied with in a
timely fashion, the Director may initiate procedures to revoke this Special
Permit.