HomeMy WebLinkAboutCommunication 17.1 Definition of Resident Population
Lincoln S.T. Ashida
Corporation Counsel
William P. Kenoi
Mayor
KatherineA. Garson
Assistant Corporation
Counsel
COUNTY OF HAWAII
OFFICE OF THE CORPORATION COUNSEL
101 Aupuni Street, Suite 325 Hilo, Hawaii 96720-4262 (808) 961-8251 Fax (808) 961-8622
June 22, 2011
MEMORANDUM
TO:Rene Siracusa, Chair and Members of the
Hawai‘i County Redistricting Commission
FROM:Michael J. Udovic
Deputy Corporation Counsel
RE:Definition of Resident for Redistricting Purposed
In 1992,the Constitution of the State of Hawai‘i was amended when voters changed
Article IV of the Constitutionof the State of Hawai‘i to require that “permanent resident”
population is the population base for apportionment of legislative districts. While this
Constitutional provision facially applies only to State apportionment questions, the
Supreme Court of Hawai‘i adopted a similar approach and found that the term “resident
population” as found in the Charter of the County of Hawai‘i should be interpreted to
mean permanent resident population and should not include those persons who reside
within the County of Hawai‘i but are not permanent residents. SeeCitizens for Equitable
Government v. County of Hawai‘i,108 Hawai‘i 318, 120 P.2d 217 (2005).
The term permanent resident wasgiven the same definition as “domicile”, the Supreme
Court finding that only residents having their domiciliary in the State of Hawai‘i may be
counted in the population base for the purpose of reapportioning legislative districts.
Article IV of the Constitution of the State of Hawai‘i states in relevant part as follows:
The commission shall allocate the total number of members of each house
of the statelegislature being reapportioned among the four basic island
units namely: (1) the island of Hawaii, (2) the islands of Maui, Lanai,
Molokai and Kahoolawe, (2) the island of O‘ahu and all other islands not
specifically enumerated, and (4) the islands of Kauai and Niihau, using
the total number of permanentresidentsin each of the basic island units
and computed by the method known as the method of equal proportions;
except that no basic island unit shall receive less than one member in each
house.
COMM. 17.1
Hawai`i County is an Equal Opportunity Employer and Provider
The Supreme Court used a definition of “resident” found in Black’s Law Dictionary as:
[a]ny person who occupies a dwelling within the State, has a present intent
to remain within the State for a period of time, and manifests the
genuineness of that intentby establishing an ongoing physical presence
within the State together with indicia that his presence within the State is
something other than merely transitory in nature.
In this vein, the Court when on to find that:
“[T]he primary significance of the word ‘residence’ as used in the
constitution is the same as domicil[e]-a word which means the place
where aman establishes his abode, makes the seat of his property, and
exercises his civil and political rights.”
(Quoting Chase v. Miller,41 Pa. 403,420 (Pa.1862).
This definition of “resident” would exclude any person who did not exhibit a present
intent to remain within Countyof Hawai‘i for more than a transitory period.Thus,the
Court excluded those college students who lack a present intent to remain in the county
for a period of time beyond their date of graduation. The reason being,their presencein
theCountyof Hawai‘i is primarily for educational purposes with no intent to remain after
graduation, education then being the transitory aspect of their residence. Likewise,
military personnel and their dependents who are stationed in the County of Hawai‘i by
the United States military have little to say in deciding the location of their assignment
and are generally speaking in the County of Hawai‘i involuntarily,as opposed to persons
who choose to live in the County of Hawai‘i with an intent to permanently remain.
The Hawai‘i Supreme Court held specifically that the phrase “resident populations”
found in the County Charter excludes nonresident university students and nonresident
military personnel and their dependents from the population base of the county for
redistricting purposes.
The term resident population is meant to include those persons who reside in the County
of Hawai‘i and have the intent to permanently remain a resident of the County of
Hawai‘i. Those persons who do not have the intent to remain permanently in the County
of Hawai‘i are not considered permanent residents and should be excluded from the
population base in determining the redistricting of the nine council districts.Thus the
term resident population should exclude nonresident students and military personnel.