HomeMy WebLinkAboutHawaii County Comprehensive Strategy for Juvenile Justice Hawaii County Comprehensive Strategy for
Juvenile Justice
INTRODUCTION
The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) has developed a Comprehensive
Strategy for combating juvenile crime. It provides a framework for communities to identify and
implement solutions to juvenile delinquency that is community focused and research based. The Plan
coordinates prevention efforts with the juvenile justice system's response to criminal behavior through
a comprehensive strategic planning process that builds on and unifies the efforts of all service and
program providers and integrates the full spectrum of prevention and juvenile justice efforts.
The Comprehensive Strategy is based on six general principles:
• Strengthening the family in its primary responsibility to instill moral values and provide
guidance and support to children.
• Supporting core social institutions —including schools, religious institutions, and other
community-based organizations in their roles of developing capable, mature, and
responsible youth.
• Promoting delinquency prevention as the most cost-effective approach to reducing
juvenile delinquency.
• Intervening immediately and effectively when delinquent behavior occurs to
successfully prevent delinquent offenders from becoming chronic offenders or committing
progressively more serious and violent crimes.
• Establishing a system of graduated sanctions that holds each juvenile offender
accountable, protects public safety, and provides programs and service that meet identified
treatment needs.
• Identifying and controlling the small group of serious, violent, and chronic juvenile
offenders who have committed felony offenses or have failed to respond to intervention
and non-secure community-based treatment and rehabilitation services offered by the
juvenile justice system.
The Comprehensive Strategy is based on a"risk-focused" prevention model that makes it possible to
examine communities for known risk factors associated with juvenile delinquency and violence. These
risk factors exist at the community, family, school, individual and peer levels. Based upon 30 years of
research on factors related to adolescent problem behaviors (substance abuse, delinquency, teen
pregnancy, school drop-out and violence), OJJDP identified 19 risk factors that contribute to these
problem behaviors and three classes of protective factors that buffer a child against development of
problem behaviors. Approaches that reduce risk factors while enhancing protective factors are likely
to provide the strongest form of prevention.
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Risk Factors for Adolescent Problem Behaviors
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Protective Factors and the Social Development Strategy
OJJDP has identified protective factors that appear to insulate children against the effects of risk
exposure. These protective factors have been grouped into three classes:
• Factors inherent in the individual
• Factors related to social bonding
• Healthy beliefs and clear standards of behavior
Protective factors are an integral part of OJJDP's Social Development Strategy. This concept proposes
that healthy beliefs and clear standards for behavior and positive social bonding modeled within the
family, school and community directly encourage healthy adaptive behaviors in children. The Social
Development Strategy is illustrated below:
Healthy Behaviors
Healthy Belief
Clear Standards
Bonding
- Attachment
- Commitment
Opportunities i Skills j F Recognition
Individual
Characteristics
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STATE OF HAWAII
The State of Hawaii consists of an archipelago consisting of 137 islands with a total landmass of about
6,400 square miles, located approximately 2,400 miles from the West Coast of the U.S. mainland.
There are seven inhabited islands, and four counties: Kauai (consisting of the islands of Niihau and
Kauai), Oahu (which is both a city and a County), Maui (which consists of the islands of Lanai,
Molokai, and Maui as well as the uninhabited island of Kahoolawe), and Hawaii, usually referred to as
the "Big Island." Virtually all commercial travel between islands is by aircraft. There are three
governmental units in the State of Hawaii—the Federal, State and county systems.
The population of the State according to the 2000 census is 1,211,537. Hawaii is quite diverse, with no
majority ethnic or racial group:
R4CE/ETHNICTTY PERCENT
White 24.3
Black/African American 1.8
American Indian/Alaska Dative .3
Asian 41.6
Dative Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 9.4
Other 1.3
Two or More laces 21.4
STATE OF HAWAII
Ethnic Diversity
50 41.6
40
% of Total 30 24.3
State 21.4
Population 20 9.4
90 1.8 0.3 1.3
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Ethnic Background
MAP OF THE COUNTY OF HAWAII
NORTH KOHALA HAWAII
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COUNTY OF HAWAII
Hawaii County or the "Big Island," is the southernmost island in the Hawaiian chain. It is the youngest
and also the largest with slightly over 4,000 square miles. This is roughly twice the landmass of the
rest of the State combined. The southernmost tip of the Big Island is also the southernmost part of the
U.S.
The Big Island is an island of great geographical diversity. Hilo on the east side of the island receives
an average of 130 inches of rain per year while Kona in the west (roughly 75 miles away) receives
only 25 inches annually. This is largely due to the volcanoes of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa which
form a mountain barrier separating the eastern and western halves of the Island.
According to the 2000 census, Hawaii County is home to 148,677 residents or about 12% of the State's
population. Population distribution among the nine judicial districts within the County is as follows:
JUDICIAL DISTRICTS POPULATION % OF TOTAL COUNTY POPULATION
South Hilo 47,386 32.9 %
Puna 31,335 21.1 %
a'u 5,827 3.9 %
South Kona 8,589 5.7 %
Forth Kona 28,543 19.2 %
South Kohala 13,131 8.8 %
Worth Kohala 6,038 4.1 %
Hamakua 6,108 4.1 %
Forth Hilo 1,720 1.2 %
The seat of government is located in Hilo, which is on the eastern side of the island, while the majority
of tourism-related activity takes place in Kona and South Kohala, on the western side of the island.
East and South Hawaii in general have lower land prices than in North and West Hawaii, with income
figures from the four geographic areas reflecting land prices.
Approximately 15% of homes in Hawaii County do not receive water from County or private sources
but rather rely on water catchment systems and private wells. Most of these homes are in remote
and/or non-conforming subdivisions, few of which have paved roads and, in some cases, commercial
electrical power. Given these housing patterns, it should be clear that availability of social and
emergency services is sporadic.
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Hawaii County Juvenile Statistics
From 1995 to 1999 the County of Hawaii has experienced a general decrease in juvenile delinquency
statistics which is contrary to trends found across the United States (US). This is a noteworthy
achievement given the large geographical size and relatively limited budget of the County.
The Following is a synopsis of juvenile crime and juvenile justice trends in Hawaii, which outline the
current situation facing Hawaii's juvenile facilities.
• The juvenile population (0-17) in Hawai'i County decreased two percent between 1995 and 1999.
This decrease was in direct contrast to the rate of increase in the juvenile population on the national
level over that time (3%) and lower than the State's decrease (5%).
• During the same time period, overall juvenile arrests in Hawai'i County decreased substantially, by
31%. This reflected a 30% decrease in both Part I violent and property offenses. Additionally, there
was a decrease (31%) in the number of arrests for Part 11 offenses, with notable exceptions being
the increase in number of arrests for DUI (89%) and sex offenses (43%). Of notable interest was
the marked decrease of narcotics related offense arrests, from 316 in 1995 to 147 in 1999 (53%
decrease).
• The State of Hawai'i experienced as significant a decrease in juvenile arrests between 1995 and
1999. Total arrests decreased 28%, with Part I violent crimes decreasing 31%. In particular, there
were only 2 murders in 1999, compared to 18 in 1995. Part II offense arrests saw a decrease in
almost all categories, except gambling (113% increase), prostitution (167% increase), and DUI
(224% increase).
• In total,juvenile arrests accounted for 21% of the total arrests in Hawai'i in 1999. That was a 28%
decrease from 1995. The decrease was even more remarkable in Hawai'i County. Juvenile arrests
accounted for 31% of all arrests in Hawai'i County in 1995. That percentage was reduced to only
18% of total arrests in 1999. Of particular note is that overall arrests in Hawai'i County increased
19% between 1995 and 1999, while the number of juvenile arrests decreased by 31% in that same
time period.
• Admissions to Hale Hoomalu, the State's only juvenile detention center, increased between 1996
and 1998 (5%). The growth in female admissions was greater than for males (seven% versus 4%),
but males made up the majority of all admissions (approximately 65% each year).
• The type of offenses for which youth were admitted changed between 1996 and 1999. Status
offense admissions saw a decrease (43%) during the time period, while law violations increased by
10%, with a peak of 633 admissions in 1997 (data for 1998 is unavailable).
• The summary information of ethnicity of Hale Hoomalu admissions shows Part Hawaiian youth as
the majority (36%), followed by Caucasian youth(15%), and Filipino youth(8%). The "Other"
category accounts for 32%, but includes 17 ethnic categories. Caucasian youth reported the largest
increase in admissions between 1996 and 1998 (26%), followed by a 10% increase for Part
Hawaiian youth. The number of Hawaiian youth admissions decreased between 1996 and 1998
(8%).
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Hawaii County Juvenile Statistics Continued
• Family Court referrals between 1995 and 1999 decreased by 24%. Each of the Circuits (First
Oahu, Second Maui, Third Hawaii, Fifth Kauai) reported a decrease in both law violation and
status offense referrals over that time period. The only exception was a 3% increase in law
violation referrals in the Second Circuit. The First Circuit accounted for the majority of referrals
each year (48% in 1999), with the Third Circuit accounting for the next largest referrer of youth
(25% in 1999). However, the number of referrals from the First Circuit has been steadily
decreasing since 1995, with increasing referrals coming from the Third Circuit.
• The Third Circuit reported a significant decrease (37%) in law violation referrals between 1995 and
1999. Coupled with a 12% decrease in that same time period for status offense referrals, the Third
Circuit experienced a total decrease of 29% in referrals to Family Court.
Hawaii County: Addressing Youth Issues
The Big Island community understands the importance of providing youth with a safe and healthy
environment to live in. In an effort to address some of the issues facing young people today, Hawaii
County has taken a proactive approach to improving the social climate in the community. Here are a
few examples of how we are trying to provide an environment favorable for the healthy development
of the youth.
• Community Policing Officers working closely with community groups to identify solutions to local
issues relating to public safety.
• Hui Laulima, a group of State, County, private, and community organizations who meet regularly
to discuss issues facing West Hawaii. This meeting functions to facilitate the flow of information
between government and the community.
• The Department of Health's "Hawaii student Alcohol, tobacco, and Other Drug Use Study, which
is produced every two years has modified the study to include the 19 risk factors identified by
national research upon which the Comprehensive Strategic Planning Process is based.
• Community Empowerment Organization is the establishment of a communication network for the
Big Island to address public safety issues. The goal is to facilitate the flow of information between
the County government and community organizations.
• The Children's Justice Center, which coordinates the efforts of State and County agencies along
with other organizations to focus on the needs of the child victims when investigating cases and
promoting a team approach in dealing with child abuse.
• Community Coalitions for Neighborhood Safety is a group of neighborhood watch groups
collaborating to secure communities through citizen involvement.
• Juvenile Justice Information Sharing is a project to establish procedures and protocols to facilitate
information sharing between County and State agencies.
• Establishment of a Coordinator to explore issues relating to the establishment of a Juvenile Drug
Court
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Hawaii County: Addressing Youth Issues Continued
• Hawaii Island Anti-Bullying Coalition is a collaborative effort between State and County agencies
working with private organizations to develop training and raise public awareness to the issue of
bullying in schools.
• East Hawaii Coalition for Youth is a group of State, County, private, and community organizations
working to build transition services for foster youth and former foster youth on the Big Island.
• Project PAU seeks to reduce access to and use of alcohol by underage persons in East and West
Hawaii by increasing awareness among minors of the problems and consequences of underage
drinking. PAU is also establishing community coalitions for development of community strategic
plans and implementation of innovative projects.
The strength of Hawaii County's Strategic planning process has been the support it has received from
State and County agencies along with private, and community organizations. The ultimate
beneficiaries of this collaborative effort will be the youth, their families, and the communities we live
in. Through the Comprehensive Strategic planning process, Hawaii County will identify and prioritize
issues relating to youth and to seek out innovative solutions to make full use of available resources.
HAWAII COUNTY AND THE COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY
The Vision
"EVERY YOUTH IN HAWAII COUNTY WILL BE A RESPONSIBLE, HEAL THYAND
CARING COMMUNITY MEMBER"
In May 2000, the Office of the Prosecuting Attorney recognized the need for collaborative effort
among agencies and program and service providers to identify and address juvenile justice issues. A
conference of nearly 100 individuals identified visions, goals and needed services. The enthusiasm
and commitment by key government and community leaders was instrumental in taking the first step
and getting the strategic planning initiative underway. Following that meeting, Hawaii County was
selected as the 52"d community in the nation to receive federal technical assistance provided by OJJDP
to develop a Comprehensive Strategy plan.
The next step in the process was to match each individual with a specific committee/workgroup based
on their area of knowledge. The goal was to effectively utilize professional and personal experience in
performing a comprehensive community assessment, which would function as the basis for goals and
objectives to be identified later in the plan. The following is a list of the 7 workgroups that make up
the planning body along with a with a brief description of their area of responsibility:
Data Collection and Analysis Collects and organizes data using the national risk factors
to form a baseline community profile of juvenile justice
data for Hawaii County from which four target risk
factors were prioritized for the Big Island. This team will
be involved in providing data for policy planning and
evaluation of the success of programs implemented. In
addition, they will update the data and will include other
data sources as they become available.
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Resource Assessment Conduct an inventory of Hawaii County's programs and
services along the prevention-graduated sanctions
continuum and locates gaps along that continuum.
Outreach, Communication Develops a plan to solicit community involvement
& Media in Comprehensive Strategy efforts and utilizes the media
to support the initiative.
Legislative, Policy & Reviews and assesses current laws and policies to
Systems Issues make legislative, policy and systems recommendations.
Objective Decision-Making Identifies and assesses decision points of the juvenile
justice system and makes recommendations for further
study and refinement of the process by which youth are
placed or moved through the system.
Planning, Monitoring & Collects, reviews, assesses, and evaluates all
Evaluation workgroup reports. Synthesizes information into the
Community Assessment Report and the 5-Year
Comprehensive Plan.
Youth Involvement A group of high school students from around the island
that offers a youth's perspective regarding the issues and
challenges facing young people today. Their input has
been a valuable tool, especially in validating the risk
factors that most affect youth in Hawaii County.
From May 2001 to January 2002 the workgroups met independently to complete their area of
responsibility. Through the devoted efforts of many individuals, Hawaii County completed the
Community Assessment Report (CAR) in January 2002. It represents a collaborative effort that
involved State, County, community, and private entities that collectively realize the importance of the
youth. The following timeline highlights some of the key points in the orientation and community
assessment phases of the process.
Timeline
November 2000 Community leaders from throughout the Island of Hawaii were convened
for an orientation.
January 2001 Mayor Harry Kim welcomed OJJDP staff and consultants and committed
his support for the Comprehensive Strategy effort.
Hawaii County Legislators were briefed on the concepts and benefits of the
Comprehensive Strategy during the opening weeks of the Legislature.
Key government, business and civic leaders were convened for a
Comprehensive Strategy orientation session.
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March 2001 Two-day Comprehensive Strategy Community Planning Team Orientation
held. The team structure was created and members were assigned to each
of the workgroups.
May 2001 Two-day workshop held for team members on Community Assessment
Training.
June 2001 Workgroups convened independently to work on assignments.
July 2001 Team members met to review data findings. Four risk factors were selected
as priority for Hawaii County. Technical assistance was provided by
OJJDP consultants to each workgroup for assistance in preparing reports.
August 2001 Workgroups convened independently to complete reports for the
Community Assessment Report (CAR).
October 2001 Draft-2 of CAR presented to planning group.
Community Planning Training (CPT) workshop conducted to develop
strategic plan.
February 2002 CAR completed and presented to planning group.
CPT —2 workshop held to evaluate gaps identified in the CAR and
prioritize strategies and best practices from the planning group for inclusion
in the plan.
Hawaii County's Four Priority Risk Factors
The Data Collection and Analysis Workgroup collected data on all 19 risk factors through a process
that involved evaluating the quality of the data and its causal relationship to each risk factor. The
group then assigned a score based on the assessment, determining the likelihood of affecting the risk
factor through Comprehensive Strategies as low, medium, or high, and finally determining in which
risk factors the County most stood out from the State as a whole. The recommendations were reported
to a forum consisting of the other workgroups as well as representatives of the community. A lengthy
discussion ensued and a vote taken. The group agreed upon the following four risk factors, which
represent a starting point for Hawaii County to begin planning strategies on a scale that is manageable
and thus geared for success.
Risk Factor 1:
Availability of Drugs - The more easily available that drugs and alcohol are in a community,
the greater the risk that drug abuse will occur in that community. Perceived availability of
drugs in school is also associated with increased risk
Risk Factor 2:
Family Management Problems: Poor family management practices are defined as not having
clear expectations for behavior, failing to supervise and monitor children, and excessively
severe, harsh or inconsistent punishment. Children exposed to these poor family management
practices are at higher risk of developing all of the health and behavior problems listed in the
Risk Factor/Problem Behavior matrix.
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Risk Factor 3:
Family Conflict: Although children whose parents are divorced have higher rates of
delinquency and substance abuse, it appears that it is not the divorce itself that contributes to
delinquent behavior. Rather, conflict between faintly members appears to be more important in
predicting delinquency than family structure. For example, domestic violence in a family
increases the likelihood that young people will engage in violent behavior themselves.
Children raised in an environment of conflict appear to be at risk for all of the problem
behaviors that have been noted in the Risk Factor/Problem Behavior matrix.
Risk Factor 4:
Early and Persistent Antisocial Behavior: Boys who are aggressive in grades K-3 or who
have trouble controlling their impulses are at higher risk for substance abuse, delinquency and
violent behavior. When a boy's aggressive behavior in the early grades is combined with
isolation, withdrawal or hyperactivity, there is an even greater risk of problems in adolescence.
Using information contained in the CAR, along with recommended best practices for both prevention
strategies and graduated sanctions outlined in the "Communities that Care" research guide from
Developmental Research and Programs, Inc., and OJJDP's "Promising Approaches for Graduated
Sanctions", the group will outline strategies to reduce delinquency related to the priority risk factors.
The ultimate goal is to reduce delinquency in these areas while using outcome measures to verify the
County's progress.
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EXECUTIVE
SUMMARIES
Juvenile Justice
Comprehensive Strategic Plan
Hawaii County
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Data Collection and Analysis
Juvenile delinquency is not disproportionately high in Hawaii County in comparison to other
communities across the State or the Nation, but a number of risk factors exist which are very likely
precursors of delinquency and which contribute to and reflect a variety of social ills. The rural nature
of the Island County, its high unemployment rate, and a depressed County and State economy do not
bode well for improvement in the near future.
The Data Collection and Analysis Workgroup collected data on all 19 risk factors, but the quality of
the data was inconsistent and in some cases the relationship between the data and the risk factor was
not clear. Nevertheless, the workgroup felt confident that its process for narrowing the risk factors to
four priority factors was sound. That process involved evaluating the quality of the data and its causal
relationship to each risk factor and assigning a score based on the assessment, determining the
likelihood of affecting the risk factor through Comprehensive Strategies as low, medium, or high, and
finally determining in which risk factors the County most stood out from the State as a whole.
Using the process described above, the group came up with four priority risk factors: availability of
drugs, family management problems, family conflict, favorable attitudes toward the problem behavior,
and early initiation of the problem behavior. The first factor is in the community domain, the second
and third in the family domain, and the fourth in the individual/peer domain. No priority risk factor
was identified in the school domain. Extreme economic deprivation was a risk factor that clearly
distinguished the County from the State, as the County has much higher percentages of its population
on welfare, using food stamps, receiving free or reduced cost lunches in the public schools, living
below poverty level, and unemployed. But both the County and the State are already well aware of
this and are working to correct the problems, so it was felt that little could be added by including this
as a risk factor to be addressed by Comprehensive Strategies.
The workgroup's recommendations were reported to a forum consisting of the other workgroups as
well as representatives of the community. A lengthy discussion ensued and a vote taken. The forum
agreed that availability of drugs, family management, family conflict, and early initiation of the
problem behavior should be risk factors, but omitted favorable attitudes toward the problem behavior.
It should be noted that while the workgroup relied primarily on quantitative data, the forum used both
quantitative and qualitative data in its decision-making process, relying heavily upon the experience
and expertise of those most involved in the juvenile justice system.
COMMUNITY DOMAIN
Availability of Drugs
Availability of drugs does not necessarily translate into use of drugs, but the relationship is
nevertheless clear: demand increases availability and availability increases demand. Therefore,
reducing one will reduce the other. The primary data used to assess availability of drugs comes from
annual surveys conducted in Hawaii schools by the State Department of Health Alcohol and Drug
Abuse Division. Over 27,000 private and public school students in grades 6, 8, 10, and 12 responded
to the latest survey. Students were asked a variety of questions involving risk factors in the same four
domains used for the Comprehensive Strategies analysis, including perceived availability of drugs.
Responses were screened for honesty, and the results are considered reliable.
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FAMILY DOMAIN
Family Management Problems
Family management problems reflect dysfunctional situations within families that are frequently
related to juvenile delinquency. Governmental involvement in such problems, however, is generally
limited to those situations that involve Family Court, Child and Family Services, and the welfare
system.
Indicators relating to family management problems include children living outside the family, reported
abuse and neglect cases, runaway reports, and children living under foster care. These data were taken
from U.S. Census reports, the Department of Health report described in the previous section, State
Department of Human Services reports, and Hawaii County Police Department statistics. All are
deemed reliable.
Family Conflict
Family conflict is related to the management problems cited above, but is measured differently and
may result in different behaviors of juveniles. The primary indicators of this risk factor are divorce,
domestic violence reports, and single parent households, which can be measured through data from
Census reports, Department of Health statistics, and Hawaii County Police Department arrest figures.
The extent to which either a governmental or private entity may reduce family conflict is quite limited,
and almost always is dependent upon someone in the family seeking help. Prevention is more likely to
be effective than intervention.
SCHOOL DOMAIN
Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior
Early and persistent anti-social behavior is a valid predictor of juvenile delinquency. Such behavior is
initially observed in the home and later in the school, which is where it is usually first addressed by a
government agency. Unfortunately, three of the four indicators listed in the Comprehensive Strategies
Data Workbook— special education emotional disturbance, learning disabilities, and behavior
disorders— are questionable as measures of anti-social behavior, as they are more likely to reflect
psychological or physiological problems that are best treated by health practitioners than behavior that
should be dealt with by family court. The fourth, school disciplinary problems, has more validity, but
the variation on how it is interpreted and punished varies considerably from school to school. Since
Hawaii County does not have a disproportionately high suspension rate for students, most of the
supporting data is qualitative rather than quantitative.
LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Data
Data, especially recent data, are not always available. Even though the 2000 census was completed
over one year ago, for example, few data are yet available. Data collection is further complicated by
the fact that Hawaii does not devote enough resources to data collection, analysis, and distribution. In
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addition, most, if not all, of the State's management information systems at use in the criminal justice
system are not suitable for data collection. It is therefore not always possible to have recent data nor to
be able to compare counties using selected indicators. It would be beneficial if risk indicator data were
broken down by jurisdictions within Hawaii County, so that needed resources could be directed in the
most efficient manner, but such is rarely the case. Finally, not all data collected by the State and
County are available on web sites, making the collection of such data more difficult.
Indicators
Some of the indicators suggested by the Comprehensive Strategies Data Workbook are of questionable
validity, and there is substantial overlap of indicators between risk factors (drugs, for example, are
indicators in several risk factors). We are free, of course, to select alternative indicators, which we
have done in some cases. We also need to recognize the value of qualitative data and provide for its
use in assessing risk factors. A judge's twenty years of experience in family court, for example, must
carry weight in any discussion of juvenile delinquency, even though that experience cannot be
quantified
Resource Assessment
The Resource Assessment Team (RAT) was responsible for collecting information about existing
prevention and graduated sanction programs that were related to the four identified risk factors. The
RAT used several existing databases, which helped to identify known programs in the community. In
addition, published resource catalogs were used in identifying the various resources in Hawaii County.
Special thanks to the Family Court of the Third Circuit, Casey Family Programs, for sharing their
resource lists with the team.
The team identified 114 programs or sanctions within the County of Hawaii which address the four
major risk factors identified and prioritized by the CS planning group. The team then classified each of
the programs according to the priority risk factors.
The RAT then placed the identified programs into an assessment matrix looking at geographical
coverage, financial accessibility, adequate amounts of the specific program, the programs focus along
the service continuum, ages served, and if transportation was available. This process assisted in the
identification of gaps in service and program coverage. Due to the discontinuity of the RAT through
the CS planning process, the assessment performed up to this point was not as comprehensive as
recommended by the CS Program. The RAT plans on continuing the survey process and have it
completed prior to the planned January unveiling of the CS Plan.
Finally, using the gaps identified through the resource assessment matrix, the RAT also used first hand
knowledge of the current service environment in Hawaii County to make recommendations and
identify the key issues relating to the risk factors and the current system.
Legislative Policy & Systems Issues
The Legislative, Policy, and Systems (LPS) Workgroup found that the vast majority of issues
identified by the various Workgroups, during the Comprehensive Strategies data-gathering phase,
related to processes or practices that involve multiple agencies, departments, or organizations. Many
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of these issues, which we defined as "systems concerns," arose out of the interactions between major
State departments, such as the Departments of Health, Human Services, Education, and the Judiciary.
A review of State enabling statutes, revealed that these Departments are charged with broad authority
and responsibility with respect to very specific areas. However, children who are at-risk have needs
that inherently require a seamless continuum of services. An examination of the areas of interface
between Departments and others, as they strive to serve the needs of individual children, sometimes
revealed gaps, uneven linkages, and inadequate coordination.
The LPS Workgroup observed that much progress could be made in resolving systems issues by
clearly identifying the issue and convening key personnel to formulate a resolution. Towards this end,
we also suggest that laws that describe the roles of the Office of Youth Services and the Department of
the Attorney General, with respect to an overall system of services for youth at-risk, should be
revisited.
Finally, to promote the development and maintenance of an effective continuum of services, means
must be sought to measure the effectiveness of individual programs as well as the effectiveness of the
overall system of programs. Without such tools, it is difficult to assess whether scarce resources are
being used to best serve the needs of the most vulnerable youth.
Organization of Report
The report is comprised of three major parts. An introduction section describes the Workgroup's role
in the Comprehensive Strategies initiative and the process followed in arriving at the conclusions. Part
two lists the legislative, policy, and systems issues identified to be priority issues and part three
contains basic observations from research performed by the group. Appendix A contains a listing of
all issues cited by the other workgroups and Appendix B contains a partial listing of laws relating to
Hawaii's youth. Included in Appendix B are copies of section 28-10.5, HRS, and chapter 352D, HRS,
which detail, respectively, the roles of the Office of the Attorney General regarding juvenile justice
coordination and the Office of Youth Service regarding coordination of programs for youth at-risk.
Objective Decision Making
The role of the Objective Decision Making (ODM) Group is to map the current juvenile justice system
to identify the critical decision points and to document the current decision making processes
(objective, multi disciplinary teams, subjective recommendations, staff expertise, etc.)used at each
decision point. The Work Group identifies who makes the decision/recommendation, what data is
collected and how the data is used with particular attention to duplication in data collection, variations
in definitions of terms, and time required to complete each process. This is not an inventory of the
programs or options, but of the processes by which youth are placed or moved through the system.
Objective decision making implies that the juvenile should move along the continuum of phases from
early intervention to intermediate sanctions to secure corrections. Risk and Needs Assessments are
used to determine appropriate placement to ensure "the right program for the right youth at the right
time". The sanctions increase as the severity of the offense or numbers of offenses occur.
Accountability and follow through are a crucial part of the process.
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The discussion in the report section describes how youth enter the Hawaii County Juvenile Justice
System. The Child Welfare Services, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services and the
Department of Education systems then follow.
Priority ODM Workgroup Recommendations
1. Determine the feasibility of"receiving home" facilities in East and West Hawaii where children
may be placed at any time, night or day and held for a period time. This service will alleviate the
police from holding youth in their custody and relieve them from determining which agency has
the lead role in placement and services.
Personnel from all agencies involved can access the youth, assess the situation, have preliminary
input and meet in a multi-disciplinary team setting to establish roles and identify appropriate
placement.
2. An integrated model of care is needed, It remains where youth who are multi-agency involved such
as a probationer having legal status with Child Welfare Services and receiving high-end mental
health services from the Department of Health's Family Guidance Center may have several social
workers involved who are driving their own treatment plans. While parties participate in
coordinated service planning it is currently only for youth who are involved with Felix and it is
primarily mental health directed.
3. Cross training opportunities needs to be created. Discussions should be held as to the possibilities
of blended finding and ways to streamline access to confidential information in order to better
serve children and their families.
4. Need for more resources. Youth need to be qualified as Felix class to access therapeutic programs
such as multi-systemic therapy and teaching family homes. There is heavy reliance on mental
health services and a limited array of graduated sanctions for non-Felix youth. There needs to be
more opportunities for youth to earn restitution and perform meaningful community service that
has a relation to the crime committed. The victim piece needs to be strengthened by looking at
current legislation relating to confidentiality and liability laws. Sources of funds to support
programs such as forfeiture monies should be explored. Community and business engagement
through education and involvement needs to be worked on. Access to substance abuse urinalysis
and treatment and Juvenile Sex Offender treatment are particular concerns.
5. Runaways and chronic school non-attenders are an under served population. There is no agency
that has the capacity to address the broad scope of status offender services at this time,
Outreach, Communication, & Media
The Hawaii County Outreach, Communication & Media Workgroup is comprised of representatives
from a variety of public and private sector organizations— all of whom have a stake in communicating
and networking effectively the results of the Comprehensive Strategy planning process. Key
representation comes from the Office of the Mayor, Dept. of Education, Dept. of Human Services,
Hawaii Island United Way, Hawaii Police Dept., Hawaii Island Chamber of Commerce, Office of the
Prosecuting Attorney, Hawaii Tribune-Herald, Salvation Army, and Na Leo `O Hawaii public access
TV.
21
The first step was to help formulate and embrace a vision Statement for the Comprehensive Strategy
group: "Every youth in Hawaii will be a responsible, healthy and caring community member."
Everything that we say and do during the planning and delivery processes will relate back to fulfilling
this vision.
Completed Projects
• Facilitated the development of a vision Statement for the overall group.
• Prepared a monthly newsletter for all participants.
• Prepared a"talking points" brochure for both internal and external use. Production is pending.
• Taped an interview on Na Leo public access TV featuring Jay Kimura, who explained the
Comprehensive Strategy process.
Work in Progress
• The development and implementation of a logo and name contest for the group among youth in
Hawaii County. It will be held in October.
• The selection of the best and most appropriate web-sites for obtaining information about the
Comprehensive Strategy process.
• The development of a media plan.
Youth Involvement
The mission of the Youth Involvement group is:
The youth of Hawaii County will have a voice in all strategic planning areas/groups; and all adults
will listen to their voices.
The Youth Involvement workgroup (consisting of 15 adults) invited youth from all 18 public and
private high schools on the island of Hawaii to a forum on May 19, 2001. At this forum, 41 students
discussed the problems they face as youth of this County, the strengths of their communities and their
solutions to the seven factors they voted on as being of greatest risk to themselves.
From this forum came the two documents and eight major recommendations included in the
Community Assessment Report (CAR). The Compilation of Results from the Halana Ka Mana'o
Youth Summit and the 38 students' Personal Reflections were further edited and clarified at another
youth meeting on August 20, 2001.
At the August 20th meeting, the students refined their thoughts and named themselves "Na Leo o Na
Opio: The Voices of the Youth" because they intend to be the voice of the young people of Hawaii
County. They are setting themselves up in every high school to carry on the work of the
22
Comprehensive Strategy Action Plan. They plan to communicate via e-mail, newsletter, and the video
conferencing equipment the prosecutor's office is installing in most public high schools.
The students will be planning their next summit in 2002. At this summit, they will determine their
projects and community work, based on the Comprehensive Strategy plan that is adopted by the
County of Hawaii in January 2002. The adult workgroup will continue to work with the youth to carry
out the mission of youth involvement. The youth wish to be part of a group that can advise the mayor
on actions that involve and help the youth of this County.
Youth Workgroup Priority Recommendations:
1. Healing and strengthening families.
2. Continuing to improve the school system to prepare youth for their future.
3. Using the county's natural, cultural, and historical resources to provide social and economic
activities and opportunities for youth.
4. Promoting high moral standards and alternatives to substance abuse and violence.
5. Providing facilities and infrastructures for social and economic activities and opportunities for all
of Hawai'i county.
23
24
WORKGROUP REPORTS
Data Collection
& Analysis
Juvenile Justice
Comprehensive Strategic Plan
Hawaii County
26
INTRODUCTION
This section of the report presents and analyzes the four priority risk factors and their associated
indicators for Hawaii County. While data were available for most indicators, they were not available
for all, and where this was the case, it will be so noted. When the data collection and analysis phase
was completed, the Data Collection and Analysis workgroup identified 12 risk factors which stood out
from the rest, based primarily on comparisons between the County of Hawaii and the State as a whole,
and a scoring system developed by the workgroup. Each risk factor was assigned a "data" score from
0 to 3, indicating the amount and quality of the data, and a"control" measure of"low," "medium," or
"high," based upon the likelihood of affecting that risk factor.
A report was presented to all Comprehensive Strategies workgroups and members of the public, after
which a lengthy discussion took place, followed by a vote on the top three to five risk factors. Four
factors were so identified: availability of drugs, family management problems, family conflict, and
early and persistent antisocial behavior. In the report that follows, Only the priority risk factors and
indicator data will be presented.
Juvenile delinquency is not disproportionately high in Hawaii County, but a number of risk factors
exist which are very likely precursors of delinquency and which contribute to and reflect a variety of
social ills. The rural nature of the Island County, its high unemployment rate, and a depressed County
and State economy do not bode well for improvement in the near future.
27
-)q
Risk Factor 1: Availability of Drugs
The State Department of Health's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Division data shown is based on survey of
over 27,000 public and private school students in grades 6, 8, 10, and 12. It is considered reliable.
Virtually every measure shown (over 97 percent)indicates that County of Hawaii students are at
greater risk than other students statewide. Illegal substance use begins early- over 35% of Hawaii
County 6th graders have tried alcohol, 16% in the 30 days prior to the survey, and over 5%tried
marijuana, over 3% during the previous 30 days. Favorable attitudes toward, and exposure to, risky
behavior is also higher for Hawaii County students. There is, then, clearly a substance use and abuse
problem among Hawaii County's youth.
It is clear from the tables that illegal substances are perceived as being widely available in Hawaii
County (neither alcohol nor tobacco may be legally purchased by minors), and that availability
increases with grade level. Marijuana is widely cultivated on the Big Island, although efforts by law
enforcement officials over the past ten years have been successful in reducing its availability. Recent
sting operations found a number of retail establishments selling alcohol and tobacco to minors. This
resulted in police warnings and in some cases, arrests and a subsequent decrease in this type of illegal
activity. Nevertheless, illegal substances are never difficult for minors to obtain.
--::> Indicator: Lifetime Prevalence Reports of Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Use
Table 1A-Percentage of Students Whom Report Tlying a Particular Substance at Least Once
(Source:ADAD Survey,2001)
6ffi Grade 8ffi Grade 101'Grade 12'h Grade
Substance Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii
State County State County State County State County
Tobacco* 12.7 17.9 37.2 40.7 50.5 55.3 60.0 67.4
Cigarettes 12.2 17.3 36.3 38.9 49.5 54.5 58.8 66.7
Chewing Tobacco 1.2 2.1 3.6 6.6 5.3 8.7 10.0 14.1
Alcohol* 24.2 35.4 49.2 62.4 67.1 77.0 77.2 85.4
Beer/Wine 23.3 34.0 47.2 59.3 64.5 74.2 74.9 83.2
Hard Liquor 5.1 10.1 25.5 39.1 51.0 66.2 66.3 79.7
Marijuana* 2.3 5.2 15.9 24.0 33.1 46.7 45.8 57.3
Cocaine* 0.4 0.8 2.1 2.7 3.5 5.6 5.8 7.6
Inhalants 5.3 8.8 9.9 13.4 7.0 8.7 5.7 6.6
Methamphetamine* 0.4 1.0 2.3 3.0 4.5 6.0 5.8 5.8
Heroin/Opiates 0.2 0.3 1.2 1.4 1.3 2.6 1.7 1.8
Sedatives/Tranquilizers 0.4 1.1 1.8 3.5 3.2 5.7 3.8 6.8
Ecstacy/MDMA* 0.1 0.4 2.0 2.2 5.3 5.9 8.4 9.3
Hallucinogens* 0.4 1.1 2.9 6.5 6.4 12.2 9.9 13.9
Steroids 1.3 1.7 2.2 4.5 1.7 2.6 1.8 1.6
Diuretics 1.2 1.7 3.2 5.1 4.1 5.8 5.3 4.7
*Represented in the following charts
29
Chart 1A.1 -Percentage of Students who Report Trying Tobacco at Least Once
80
70 67.4
60 55.3 60
U 50 50.5 [1 State
40 37.2 40.7
V
30 ■County
G. 20 17.9
10
0 12.7
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Chart 1A.2 -Percentage of Students who Report Trying Alcohol at Least Once
100
85.4
80 77 77.2
62.4 67.1 [I State
r 60
sue. 40 35.4
G. 24.2 ■County
20
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Chart 1A.3-Percentage of Students who Report Trying Marijuana at Least Once
70
60 57.3
50 46.7 45.8
U ❑State
40
d
30
a+ 20 15.9 ■County
10
2.3
0 -- I t
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
30
Chart 1A.4-Percentage of Students who Report Trying Cocaine at Least Once
8 7.6
7
5.6 5.8
oU 5 ❑State
d 4
27
■County
2
1 0.4 0.8
0 1 t
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Chart 1A.5 -Percentage of Students who Report Trying Methamphetamine at Least
Once
7
6
6 5.8 5.8
5 4.5
■State
4 3
` 3 2'3
2 ■County
p 1
1
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Chart 1A.6-Percentage of Students who Report Trying Ecstacy/MDMA at Least Once
10
8.4
8
6
5.3 5.9 ❑State
c
4
a 2 2.2 ■County
2
0.1 0.4
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
31
Chart tA.7-Percentage of Students who Report Trying Hallucinogens at Least Once
100
85.4
80 77 77.2
62.4 67.1 ❑State
60 49.2
sue. 40 35.4
A. Y4.2 ■County
20
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Indicator: Thirty-Day Prevalence Reports of Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Use
Table 1B-Percentage of Students who Report Using a Particular Substance in the Past Thirty Days
(Source: ADAD Survey, 2001)
6ffi Grade 8ffi Grade 10th Grade 12th Grade
Substance Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii
State County State County State County State County
Tobacco* 4.0 6.8 12.5 14.0 17.1 19.3 23.4 30.0
Cigarettes 3.8 6.6 12.1 13.2 16.6 18.6 22.6 29.7
Chewing Tobacco 0.5 0.7 1.5 1.7 1.4 2.6 2.0 2.2
Alcohol* 9.1 16.0 22.1 33.0 32.4 46.2 43.2 57.1
Beer/Wine 8.7 15.3 20.3 30.6 28.9 42.1 39.1 52.5
Hard Liquor 3.1 6.5 14.8 24.5 26.7 39.0 35.5 49.5
Marijuana* 1.3 3.3 8.9 13.2 17.2 24.5 22.7 28.5
Cocaine* 0.4 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.3 2.6 1.5 1.8
Inhalants 2.4 4.6 3.1 4.5 1.5 2.3 0.8 0.6
Methamphetamine* 0.3 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.6 2.9 1.6 1.0
Heroin/Opiates 0.1 0.4 0.8 1.0 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.8
Sedatives/Tranquilizers 0.2 0.3 1.0 1.8 1.2 2.7 1.6 3.7
Ecstacy/MDMA* 0.1 0.4 1.2 1.2 2.9 3.2 3.9 3.9
Hallucinogens* 0.3 0.6 1.4 2.5 2.2 3.9 2.0 2.3
Steroids 0.8 2.1 1.3 2.7 1.0 1.5 0.9 0.6
Diuretics 0.7 1.1 1.5 2.3 2.0 2.7 2.0 2.7
*Represented in the following charts
32
Chart IBA-Percentage of Students who Report Using Tobacco in the Past 311 Days
35 30
30
23.4
25 ❑State
° 20 19.3
d 14
15
a: 10 ■County
4
5
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Chart 1B.2-Percentage of Students who Report Using Alcohol in the Past 30 Days
60 57.1
50 46.2
43.2
en 40 ❑State
33 32.4
d 30
22.1
c% 20 ■County
10 9.1
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Chart 113.3-Percentage of Students who Report Using Marijuana in the Past 30 Days
30 28.5
25 24.5 22.7
20 17.2 ■State
15 13.2
V
a: 10 8.9 ■County
5 3.3
1.3
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
33
Chart IBA-Percentage of Students who Report Using Cocaine in the Past 30 Days
3
2.6
2.5
e� 2 1.8 ❑State
1.4 1.5
r. 1.5 1.2
a: 1 0.9
0.4 ■County
0.5
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Chart 1B.5-Percentage of Students who Report Using Methamphetamine in the Past
30 Days
3.5
3 2.9
2.5 ■State
C° 2
1.6 1.6
1.5 1.2
p;
1 0.8 1'1 1 ■County
0.5 0.3
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Chart 113.6-Percentage of Students who Report Using Ecstacy/MDMA in the Past 30 Days
5
3.9 3.9
2.9 3.2 ■State
3
� 2
p 1.2 1.2 ■County
1
0.1
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
34
Chart 113.7-Percentage of Students who Report Using Hallucinogens in the Past 30 Days
5
3.9
4
s 2 5 ❑State
d 2.2 2 2.3
i 2
1
0.6 1'4 ■County
0.3
0 lu
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Indicator: Student Perception of Availability and Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Dnlgs (ATOD)
Table 1C-Percentage of Students With Exposure to Various Aspects of ATOD Use
(Source:ADAD Survey,2001)
6''Grade 8a'Grade 101h Grade 12'h Grade
Category Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii
State County State County State County State County
Exposure to Community 28.2 31.0 42.5 46.9 43.8 50.4 40.9 46.8
ATOD Use
Laws&Norms 40.2 53.1 46.1 609 44.0 55.3 43.2 55.3
Favorable to Drug Use*
Ability to Purchase
Alcohol or Tobacco* 1.8 2.7 7.1 10.6 13.3 17.3 32.9 39.7
Lack of Parental
Sanctions for ATOD 23.0 31.4 36.3 46.7 49.8 62.5 38.8 51.0
Use*
Parental Attitudes
Favorable Toward 10.2 13.5 21.4 30.8 31.3 40.9 43.7 56.2
ATOD Use*
Exposure to Family 47.2 50.2 48.9 59.3 41.4 52.7 44.4 52.9
ATOD Use
Favorable Attitudes 10.3 16.1 32.8 42.2 45.0 57.6 46.3 56.3
Toward ATOD Use
Low Perceived Risk of 39.1 47.9 47.3 54.4 43.7 52.4 46.9 53.9
ATOD Use
Friends'ATOD Use 23.6 30.0 48.8 58.8 47.4 60.9 47.5 54.8
*Represented in the following charts
35
Chart 1C.1 -Laws and Norms Favorable to Drug Use
70 60.9 55.3 55.3
60
' 46.1
50 44 43.2
40.2
40 ■State
30 ■County
20
10
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Chart 1C.2 Ability to Purchase Alcohol or Tobacco
45
40
35
30
25 ■State
20 17.3
15 13.3 ■County
10 7.1
5 2'7
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Chart 1C.3-Lack of Parental Sanctions for ATOD Use
70
60
50 49.8
36.3 38'8
40 31.4 ■State
30 ■County
20
10
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
36
Chart 1C.4-Parental Attitudes Favorable Toward ATOD Use
60 56.2
50 40.9
40 30.8
■State
30
' ■County
20 10.2
10
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Indicator: Alcohol Sales
FDepartment of Liquor Control, County of Hawaii
Year Gross Sales of Alcohol
993 - 1994 $79,598,179
994 - 1995 $76,178,246
995 - 1996 $79,605,641
996 - 1997 $84,977,708
997 - 1998 $89,059,779
998 - 1999 $88,973,953
$100,649,180
Alcohol sales show a steady increase over the past decade. While not a direct measure of availability,
the figures do show a significant amount of money being spent by a population that ranged from
130,000 to 148,000 during the years in question.
--::> Indicator: Tobacco Sales Establishments
Table lE —Department of Taxation, State of Hawaii
Year Tobacco Sales
1996 $37,791,517
1997 $35,661,099
1998 $39,806,073
1999 $41,835,478
2000 $43,964,765
Data on tobacco sales come from distributors, not dealers, so figures cannot be broken down by
County. Nevertheless, they show that despite national and State efforts to reduce use of tobacco, sales
increase.
37
� Indicator: Trends in Exposure to Drug Use, Reported by Students
Table 1F.1 —ADAD Survey: Percentage of 6th Graders Reporting
Frequent Exposure, Hawaii County— 1998
Type 1996 1998
Tobacco 32 31
Alcohol 37 30
Illegal Drugs 8 6
Table 1F.2 —ADAD Survey: Percentage of Stn Graders Reporting
Frequent Exposure, Hawaii County— 1998
Type 1996 1998
Tobacco 43 45
Alcohol 43 38
Illegal Drugs 15 12
Table 1F.3 —ADAD Survey: Percentage of 10th Graders Reporting
Frequent Exposure, Hawaii County— 1998
Type 1996 1998
Tobacco 59 61
Alcohol 51 44
Illegal Drugs 21 21
Table 1FA —ADAD Survey: Percentage of 12th Graders Reporting
Frequent Exposure, Hawaii County— 1998
Type 1996 1998
Tobacco 61 67
Alcohol 53 48
Illegal Drugs 25 22
The survey results (tables 1F.1 through 1F.4) do not distinguish the type of exposure, but it is probably
divided between family and peers. The type of illegal drug is also not distinguished, but marijuana,
based on other surveys, is the most available. See below.
38
Indicator: Trends in Perceived Availability of Drugs
Table 1G—ADAD Survey: Percentage of Students Responding "Fairly Easy
to Get", 1998, Hawaii County
Type 6t' 8t 10t 12t
Graders Graders Graders Graders
Alcohol 23 51 72 77
Tobacco 21 49 73 87
Marijuana 7 27 57 67
Hallucinogens (LSD, etc.) 6 11 25 30
Cocaine 4 8 15 19
Heroin 4 6 10 11
Methamphetamine 4 8 17 22
Ecstasy 3 6 15 22
39
40
Risk Factor 2: Family Management Problems
It is difficult to discern patterns with respect to family management problems in Hawaii County.
Abuse, neglect, and sexual exploitation peaked in 1997, but it is not clear why that is the case. Child
Protective Service filings— an indication of juveniles being taken out of the home—peaked in 1995, hit
a low point in 1998, and rose again in 1999. Runaway reports, on the other hand, show a steady rise
from 1998 through 2000, while Hawaii County had a higher percentage of students living in foster care
than the state as a whole. Student perceptions of family management and substance abuse problems
showed mixed results, with Hawaii County falling both above and below the state average, depending
upon grade and risk indicator.
Table 2F shows a large number of children living outside the family, with about one-third living with
relatives and more than one-half with non-relatives, usually foster care. Those living with relatives are
often informally adopted under the "hanai" system, which reflects Hawaiian traditions and is
widespread in the State. Child abuse and neglect figures for Hawaii County show mixed findings.
Both reported and confirmed cases in all categories peaked in 1995. Whether this reflects actual
increases or changed enforcement and reporting policies is unknown. Runaways have increased from
1998 through 2000, and Hawaii County has a higher percentage of students living in foster care than
the State as a whole, although the differences are not great.
--::> Indicator: Reported Child Abuse and Neglect Cases
Table 2A—Child Abuse and Neglect in Hawaii County,Reported(R)and Confirmed(C)Cases
(Source:Hawaii County Police Department,1995-1999)
F1996Abuse Abuse&Neglect Neglect Sexual Total
Exploitation
R C R C R C R C R* C*
500 236 207 79 267 91 97 42 1071 448
565 321 135 60 293 108 101 44 1094 533
585 326 255 113 542 207 146 61 1528 707
320 137 163 57 505 201 119 42 1107 437
308 164 251 111 535 203 98 39 1192 517
*Represented in the following chart
Chart 2A-Hawaii County Child Abuse,Sexual Exploitation,&Neglect Cases
1800
1600 1528
�j 1400
c 1200 Cosa 1107 ®Reported
d 1000
800 707
Z 600 533 517 0 Conflrnled
400
F 200
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Year
41
--::> Indicator: Child Protective Services Filings
Table 2B—Hawaii County Child Protective Services(CPS)Filings
(Source:Family Court Data,FY 1996-2001)
Fiscal Year CPS Filings
(July 1—June 30) East Hawaii* West Hawaii* Total
1995 144 166 310
1996 147 96 243
1997 177 75 252
1998 147 66 213
1999 218 80 298
*Represented in the following chart
Chart 2B -Hawaii County Child Protective Services Filings
250
200
--O—East
w 150 Hawaii
0
s.
100 twest
Hawaii
Z 50
0
1996-1997 1997-1998 1998-1999 1999-2000 2000-2001
Year
::::::> Indicator: Runaway Reports
Table 2C—Reported Runaways in Hawaii County
(Source: Hawaii County Police Department Data, 1998-2000)
Year Number of Reported Runaways*
1998 579
1999 624
172 649
*Represented in the following chart
42
Chart 2C-Reported Runaways in Hawaii Count
660 649
640
0
620
0 600
s.
580
Z 560
540
1998 1999 2000
Year
Indicator: Children Living in Foster Care
Table 2D—Students Living in Foster Care
(Source:ADAD Survey,2000)
Percentage of Students Living in Foster Care
Grade Level
State* Hawaii County*
6t'Grade 0.4 0.9
8t'Grade 0.3 0.3
loth 0.5 0.6
12�'Grade 0.3 0.6
*Represented in the following chart
Chart 2D-Percentage of Children Living in Foster Care
1 0.9
0.9
0.8
40 0.7 0.6 0.6 ❑State
0.6
C.0 0.5 ■Hawaii
p, 0.3 County
0.2
0.1
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
43
--::> Indicator: Student Perception of Risk Factors
Table 2E-Percentage of Students Who Perceive the Risk Factors as Affecting Them.
hem•
(Source:ADAD Survey,2001)
6"'Grade 8"'Grade 101'Grade 12'h Grade
Category Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii
State County State County State County State County
Poor Family 48.0 47.9 45.4 48.2 41.7 44.5 49.6 47.7
Supervision*
Family Conflict* 40.6 41.6 48.2 49.1 39.0 36.0 36.4 29.2
Lack of Parental
Sanctions for ATOD 23.0 31.4 36.3 46.7 49.8 62.5 38.8 51.0
Use
Parental Attitudes
Favorable Toward 10.2 13.5 21.4 30.8 31.3 40.9 43.7 56.2
ATOD Use
Exposure to Family 47.2 50.2 48.9 59.3 41.4 52.7 44.4 52.9
ATOD Use
Parental Attitudes 25.7 29.0 39.8 47.1 44.0 49.6 43.4 47.6
Favorable Toward ASH
Family(Sibling)History 29.2 38.4 44.7 54.5 45.2 52.1 43.8 54.6
of ASH
ATOD(Alcohol,Tobacco&Other Drug Use)
ASH(Anti-Social Behavior)
*Represented in the following charts
Chart 2E.1-Poor Family Supervision as Perceived by Students
52
49.6
50 48 47.9 48.2 47.7
48
%
46 45.4 0 State
44
42 41.7 ■Hawaii
p County
40
38
36
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
44
Chart 2E.2-Family Conflict as Perceived by Students
60
50 48.2 49.1
40.6 41.6
40 39 ❑State
29.2
30 ■Hawaii
20 County
10
0
6th 8th 10th 12th
Grade Level
Indicator: Children Living Outside the Family
FChildren Living w/o the Presence of Either Parent: Child Welfare Services
97 — 1999
lacement 1997 1998 1999
elatives 868 1190 1178
-Relatives 163 5 1984 1981
up Homes 166 151 167
Total 2669 3323 3326
45
46
Risk Factor 3: Family Conflict
� Indicator: Divorce
Table I OA— Comparison of Divorces, County and State Vital Statistics Reports
Year State Total Hawaii County
Number Rate per 1000 Number Rate per 1000
1988 5020 4.6 466 4.0
1989 5613 5.1 534 4.4
1990 5179 4.7 506 4.2
1991 5184 4.6 556 4.4
1992 5040 4.4 539 4.1
1993 4888 4.2 562 4.2
1994 4993 4.3 519 3.8
1995 5505 4.7 509 3.7
1996 4903 4.1 518 3.7
1997 4877 4.1 513 3.6
1998 4914 4.1 523 3.7
Divorce rates in Hawaii County are lower than the State rates, both of which dropped from 1989 to
1998.
� Indicator: Domestic Violence Reports
Table IOB —Hawaii County Arrests for Violence Against Family
and Children
Year Number of Arrests*
1999 202
2000 517
*Represented in the following chart
Chart 3B- Hawaii County Arrests for Violence Against Family and
Children
600 517
N 500
m
Q 400
o 300 0 Hawaii
202 County
200
Z 100
0 ___M I
1999 2000
Year
47
The rather substantial increase in the number of arrests for family violence ("abuse of a family
household member" in Hawaii Revised Statutes) is difficult to explain. It is probably attributable to
more enforcement and greater awareness of the problem.
--::> Indicator: Single Parent Family Households
Table IOC— Comparison of Single Parent Family Households, Hawaii County
and State Data. U.S. Census, 2000.
State Total Hawaii County
Number of Percentage of Number of Percentage of
Households Households* Households Households*
23,619 5.9 4095 7.7
*Represented in the following chart
Chart 10C -Comparison of Single Parent Family Households
10
$ 7.7
}' 5.9
m 6 ■State
a 4 ■County
2
0
State County
Year 2000
48
Risk Factor 4: Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior
� Indicator: Elementary School Special Education Classes
Table 12A.1 —Hawaii County Students Identified as Having Special Needs:
SSIR Data
Year Students in Special Education
Number of Students % of Total Student Population
1998 2343 8.23%
1999 2635 9.41%
2000 2911 10.56%
This is not a valid indicator of anti-social behavior but rather measures only those students identified as
having special needs. The increase may largely be attributed to a federal consent decree mandating
increased resources for these students.
Table 12A.2 —IDEA Students Under"Emotional Disturbance" Category (Ages 0
—21)
Year Number of"ED" Students Percent of Total Student
Population
1999 667 2.38%
2000 760 2.76%
Table 12A.3 —IDEA Students Under"Specific Learning Disability" Category
(Ages 0 —21)
Year Number of"SLD" Students % of Total Student Population
1999 1642 5.87%
2000 1710 6.21%
The same criticism of the data in Table 12A.1 applies to the above tables.
� Indicator: School Disciplinary Problems
M aii County School Suspension Data: School Status & Improvement Reports
spended Class A Class B Class C Class D
ents Suspensions Suspensions Suspensions Suspensions
Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
90.8 542 12.5 1595 36.8 1595 36.8 602 13.9
Class A offenses include assault, burglary, weapons, drugs, robbery, etc. Class B offenses include
disorderly conduct, gambling, harassment, theft, trespassing, etc. Class C offenses include cutting
class, insubordination, leaving campus without consent, smoking, and truancy. Class D offenses
include school-prohibited conduct and possession of contraband.
Fewer than 10% of students in Hawaii County public schools were suspended in 2000, indicating that
this is not a significant problem in the count.
49
SQ
Summary and Conclusions
A number of risk factors are prominent in Hawaii County, and they fall under all four domains. Under
the Community domain, availability of drugs and extreme economic deprivation stand out, both in
overall terms and in comparison to the rest of the State. Family management problems and family
conflict stand out under the Family domain, while all three risk factors under the School domain and
all five factors under the Individual/Peer domain are notable. One thread runs through most of the risk
factors: drugs. A case can be made that substance abuse is related to all 12 risk factors: availability of
drugs, extreme economic deprivation, family management problems, family conflict, early and
persistent antisocial conduct, academic failure beginning in late elementary school, lack of
commitment to school, alienation and rebelliousness, friends who engage in the problem behavior,
favorable attitudes toward the problem behavior, early initiation of the problem behavior, and
constitutional factors.
If one assumes a causal relationship between these factors, one must determine the direction of
causation, and those areas that are most conducive to intervention and control. If drugs are not
available youth cannot use them, and the consequences of such use will not appear. Attempts to
reduce the availability of drugs have not to date been very successful, as they run counter to the theory
of supply and demand. So more attention must also be paid to the demand side of the equation while
continuing efforts directed at reduction of supply. The most frequent points of contact where the
demand problem can be addressed is in the family and at school. Thus, family management problems
and family conflict become important factors in dealing with substance abuse. Here the direction of
causation is not that clear: substance abuse in a family can result in management problems and
conflict, and management problems and conflict can weaken or thwart attempts to deal with demand
issues. Families and schools both must deal with early and persistent antisocial behavior as well as the
education factors with respect to demand reduction. Governmental and private social service
intervention in family matters is limited by law and by practice, so attempting to deal with substance
abuse by juveniles within a family through intervention designed to reduce management problems and
conflict is not likely to be very effective. Once the substance-abusing juvenile has come to the
attention of the government, however, such intervention becomes possible, especially in the case of
juvenile offenders. Although these services are available to Hawaii County youth, many of these
programs are offered through facilities or service providers located on the islands of Maui or Oahu.
Finally, the role of the schools must be addressed. The primary role of public education is education,
and it is here that drug education can take place at an early age. The schools are also usually the initial
point of contact between the juvenile and the government, where abuse is first reported to authorities,
where substance abuse is first discovered, where early and persistent antisocial behavior is detected,
and where families are first contacted by representatives of the government.
A successful Comprehensive Strategy will address all of the issues listed above. All government
agencies must work closely with the community as a whole, and all participants must be in agreement
on the means and ends of their efforts.
51
R;,)
Resource
Assessment
Juvenile Justice
Comprehensive Strategic Plan
Hawaii County
;4
INTRODUCTION
The Resource Assessment Team (RAT) was responsible for collecting information about existing
prevention and graduated sanction programs that were related to the four Priority risk factors. The
RAT used several existing databases, which helped to identify known programs in the community. In
addition, published resource catalogs were used in identifying the various resources in Hawaii County.
Special thanks to the Family Court of the Third Circuit, Casey Family Programs, for sharing their
resource lists with the team.
The team identified 114 programs or sanctions within the County of Hawaii, which address the four
priority risk factors. A telephone survey was then conducted of these resources to determine
geographic and financial accessibility along with adequacy to meet consumer demand for services.
The goal is to illustrate the location of resources, financially accessibility by families with limited
income, and if these services exists in adequate amounts. The team then identified what part of the
prevention/graduated sanctions continuum each program addressed, the ages they serviced, and if
transportation was available through the program. The following are the criteria for each field of
information represented in the program matrix.
Geographic Accessibility: The team NORTH KOHALA
began by dividing the island into North Region
north, south, east, and west regions. East Region
Next, each organization was asked SOUTH{ "H ATO
to define their area of service KOHALA
according to figure 1. The team HAMAKUA
wanted to identify what regions a
NORTH KONA SOUTH
program served by either having an HALO
office located there or through an
outreach program that met consumer West Region PUNA
demand in the area. Simply
accepting clients from all parts of SOUTH
the island cannot be a basis for KONA KAU
stating the program served an island
wide community. We want to
identify areas where demands for
services are greater than what is Figure 1 South Region
currently available. The issue of
transportation to and from the
program is dealt in a later part of the
survey.
Financial Accessibility: To determine financial accessibility, the team asked if a fee to the individual
accessing that service (private insurance coverage was considered a fee) was required. If a consumer
fee was a prerequisite of service, then the program was determined to be not accessible to all potential
consumers. However, if individuals were serviced based on a referral from the Family Court or a State
/ County office that would absorb the costs then service was accessible. In addition, if
accommodations such as fee waivers and sliding fee scales or other adjustments were used to increase
access, the program was considered financially accessible.
55
Adequacy: In assessing if current resources existed in adequate amounts to meet consumer demand,
the group asked if a program turned away potential clients or had a waiting list due to issues relating to
capacity. If any of these conditions existed for a program, than the amount of service available was
determined to be inadequate. This measure was not a gauge of a program's ability to administer
services. Rather the purpose is to represent any shortages in the services currently available.
Ages Served: The groupings in this category were taken from examples of other counties that have
completed the Comprehensive Strategy Planning Process. The exception is the "parent" category,
which was included to define programs aimed at improving parenting skills or alleviating conflict
between parents.
Transportation: the relatively large size of Hawaii County (roughly twice the landmass of the other 3
counties in the State combined) and lack of mass transit options available in the community was the
basis for identifying programs that offered transport alternatives to clientele.
Prevention /Graduated Sanctions Continuum
With guidance from OJJDP, the resource workgroup then developed a framework to identify and
categorize programs addressing the 4 priority risk factors into a continuum of services. The framework
consists of 2 sections, a prevention component and a graduated sanctions segment. The Prevention
side of this continuum contains pro-social activities that provide positive recreational options along
with education programs that raise awareness about the four priority risk factors. In addition early
OJJDP's Prevention / Graduated Sanctions Model
Problem Behavior * Noncriminal Misbehavior * Delinquencv * Serious.Violent,and Chronic Offending
Prevention Graduated Sanctions
Target Population:At-Risk Youth Target Population:Delinquent Youth
Programs for Programs for Youth Immediate Intermediate*Community *Training aftercare
All Youth at Greatest Risk Intervention Sanctions Confinement Schools
Youth Development Goals: Youth Habilitation Goals:
• Healthv and nurturing families Healthv familv participation
• Safe communities Community Reintegration
• School attachment Educational success and skills development
• Prosocial peer relations Healthv peer network development
• Personal development and life skills Prosocial values development
• Healthv lifestvle choices Healthv lifestvle choices
56
intervention services for"at risk" youth and their families are also considered prevention options. The
goal is to offset risk factors in the community, family, and schools through education and positive
activities that promote the physical, mental, and social development of all youth. Early intervention
services in this section are designed to step in before the onset of problem behaviors and prevent the
youth's involvement in the Juvenile Justice System. The graduated sanctions part of the continuum
combines accountability and sanctions with increasingly intensive treatment, residential, secure, and
rehabilitation services. The aim is to develop a wide range of sanctions to fit the varying degrees and
types of criminal offenses with the focus of modifying the youth's problem behavior and prevent
further penetration into the System.
Prevention
Prevention: This category includes pro-social activities and organized sports that provide healthy and
positive recreational opportunities that are meant to replace negative behavior. In addition, Programs
focused on educating youth, their families, and the public about community, family, school and peer
risk factors and how they contribute to problem behaviors such as substance abuse, delinquency, teen
pregnancy, school dropout, violence, and substance abuse. The goal is promote positive social,
physical, and mental development of all youth.
Early Intervention: These programs are aimed at youth who have had contact with the Family Court
system as non-offenders (neglected, abused, and dependent) or as status offenders (runaways, truants,
alcohol offenders, and incorrigibles) that are not presently sanctioned under the Juvenile Justice
system. These youth are at high risk for problem behaviors due to their exposure to community,
family, school, and peer risk factors. With respect to risk factors 2 and 3, programming intended to
promote parenting skills and alleviate conflict in the home were included in this category with the
understanding that some services may be used as options on the graduated sanctions side of the
continuum.
Graduated Sanctions
Immediate Intervention: Immediate services are directed at youth who are first—time delinquent
offenders who are primarily misdemeanor and non-violent offenders (however in some instances, some
violent offenders are eligible for these services based on an Individual Education Plan/ 504 School
Team's and or Family Court's discretion). Non-serious repeat offenders (Generally misdemeanor
offenses) may also be eligible for services in this category (under Family Court discretion). These
youth are at risk of committing more serious crime or developing into chronic offenders.
Intermediate Intervention: Services aimed at offenders who are inappropriate for immediate
intervention who have committed serious offenses that may include some violent offenders (under the
discretion of Family Court). Furthermore, individuals who do not respond successfully to immediate
intervention as evidence of re-offending (repeat property offenders or drug involved individuals) may
be eligible for these services.
Out of Home Placements: Programs that provide alternative residential services to a range of
consumers from children exposed to domestic abuse to youth offenders with drug or mental health
needs. These services are not meant to place youth into secure conditions but rather offer treatment or
a safe environment in a setting that provides for the individual's mental, physical or social behavioral
needs.
57
Secure Care: Those programs that provide structured treatment in a secure environment. These
services are aimed at rehabilitating the youth while insuring public safety. The objective is for the
individual to eventually reintegrate back into the community and function without re-offending.
After Care: Services are directed at youth that are discharged from a secure facility for reintegration
back into the community. These programs are aimed at monitoring the activities of parolees and
providing social support and treatment services. Programming from other sections of the continuum
may be employed to facilitate the transition from a secure environment into the community.
The survey assisted in identifying gaps in service and program coverage. Due to the discontinuity of
the resource workgroup through the CS planning process, the assessment performed was not as
comprehensive as recommended by the OJJDP planning framework. The team was not able to locate
all of the programs and organizations that provide positive activities such as organized sports and other
recreation opportunities. However, the assessment completed is a good point to regroup and do a more
extensive assessment of the resources in Hawaii County. The team has made recommendations
contained at the end of this report to more clearly define the categories listed and plans on continuing
the survey process into the implementation stage of the Plan. A more comprehensive assessment
should be completed by the end of 2002.
Programs
The various programs were reviewed, evaluated, and sorted into the four categories according to the
four prioritized risk factors the program addressed. The services were then sorted with respect to what
part of the prevention/graduated sanctions continuum the program fit (prevention, intervention,
immediate, etc). This was primarily done to ease identification of the strengths and gaps in the
prevention/graduated sanctions continuum of services. Some resources address multiple risk factors
and were therefore listed in more than 1 risk factor category.
In addition to using the assessment matrix to identify gaps along the sanctions continuum, the RAT
also used first hand knowledge of the current service environment in Hawaii County to make
recommendations and identify the key issues relating to the risk factors and the current system.
58
Risk Factor 1: Availability of Drugs PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
(6 (6 0 N N
LL LL t C �
Y Y U1 7 U O
N N
C60 <0
1 Big Island Substance Baby S.A.F.E. Provides a coordinated,community based,comprehensive
Abuse Center response to the problems of substance abuse during pregnancy,its
effects on the child,mother,family and community.
2 Kona Neighborhood Place Community-based program serving families through partnerships
with public and private providers.
3 Narcotics Anonymous Support groups for substance abusers and families;services for
addicts desiring recovery
4 Haola,Inc. Clearinghouse for community programs in the Panewa area.
5 Alu Like,Inc. Youth ATOD Drug prevention curriculum based on Hawaiian cultural values,
Prevention Program presented in elementary and intermediate school age groups.
(YAPP) Alternative prevention activities are directed to tobacco use and
underage drinking.
6 American Cancer Society School Site Activities Tobacco education activities provided for classroom,peer
education,and after school during GAS,"Slip,slap,Slop"skin
cancer prevention materials on request.
7 American Lung Presentations upon request regarding smoking tobacco,marijuana,
Association Hilo Branch and other drugs;health&wellness;air pollution;TB.
8 Friends of the Future Earl's Garage Participants can experience take-apart-technology or reverse
engineering to learn how a variety of machines work.
9 Girl Scout Council of Develop character,conduct,patriotism,social conscience,self-
Hawaii-Hawaii Island esteem,and service;establish life values
10 Hawaii County Police Drug Abuse Classroom education on drug abuse and violence prevention;
Department Resistance Education summer leadership institutes;parent programs;educational
(DARE) exhibits for school and community events.
11 Hawaii County Police HIPAL(Police Recreation for youth who are not part of any other organization
Department Athletic League) 11111
12 Kona YMCA Aquatics, Programs and activities designed to strengthen the family,promote
Weightlifting Sports healthy lifestyles,develop leadership qualities in young people
Activities,A+ and to meet the spiritual,physical,emotional,and social needs of
its membership.
9
Risk Factor 1: Availability of Drugs PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
1 1 O O O (6 (6
6 (6 D N
LL LL t � � � � C
Y Y U1 7 U O
iY iY U) Q in o co a
13 North Hawaii Women and Hale Ola Pono Health Education,family violence awareness and prevention
Children's Services Health Center
14 Parks&Recreation Dept., Wide variety of recreational/cultural activities-swimming,crafts,
County of Hawaii basketball,etc.
15 The Salvation Army- Youth Service Center Prevention serivices and activities during and after school hours for
Family Intervention (Ku Ha'o Club-Ka at risk youths ages 6-17 Yrs.old with focus on middle school
Services ohi La'au) students attending Keaau Elementary,Middle,and High Schools.
Positive alternative and leadership activities provided including
SMART Moves,a Boys and Girls Club of America prevention
program addressing the use of alcohol,tobacco,and other drugs
and teen pregnancy.
16 Waiakea Settlement Skate Park,Wrestling Offers programs and activities designed to strengthen the family,
YMCA Club,A+ promote healthy lifestyles,develop leadership qualities in young
people and adults,and to meet the spiritual,physical,emotional,
and social needs of its membership.
17 YWCA Hawaii Island Ekahi and Hamakua Drug prevention curriculum based on Hawaiian values presented
Youth Center Project in schools,and parent prevention workshops. Teen after-school
center in Honoka'a with computers,computer games,internet
access,tutoring,art/photography classes,a darkroom,pool,chess,
crafts,and career development learning. .
18 AL-ANON and Support group for individuals who are affected by another person's
ALATEEN drinking problem.Meetings at various times and locations.Call
for schedule.
19 Alcoholics Anonymous Helps people who have a desire to quit drinking by sharing
experiences with alcoholism and recovery.
20 Big Island Substance School Base Student outpatient substance abuse and addiction counseling
Abuse Center Outpatient Treatment available through public high schools.
21 Department of Hawaii Family Case management and intensive mental health services offered
Health/Child and Guidance Center through the HFGC to Felix-Identified Youth. Services are not
Adolescent Mental Health available to all IDEA and 504 youth. Residential substance abuse )
Division treatment available.
22 Hawaii County Police Project IMPACT Drug and alcohol abuse prevention and intervention program.
Department
60
Risk Factor 1: Availability of Drugs PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
1 1 O O T O N (6
LL LL t C
Y Y U1 7 U O
it iY W Q in o co a
23 HICCUP Circus Self-esteem program;circus arts classes&camps;drug prevention '
school assemblies and performancesl11
24 The Salvation Army- Holomua E Ka Comprehensive employment and training program for in-school
Family Intervention Lanakila youth. Eligibility requirements include low-income individuals
Services and one or more of the following:Deficit in basic literacy skills;
homeless,runaway,or foster child;pregnant or parenting,
offender;or one who requires additional assistance to complete an
educational program.
25 The Salvation Army- Ohana Hdoponopono Demonstration youth mentoring program for status offenders ages
Family Intervention 12-17 who are not under probation or protective supervision.
Services Structured one on one relationship between youth and mentor,
with goals to improve school performance and reduce status
offending behavior. This project ends June 30,2002.
26 Waikoloa Community Adolescent Substance 15 Session Adolescent substance abuse recovery program.
Based Substance Abuse Racovery
Rehabilitation and Progam111l
Recovery Program
27 Child and Family Service, Multisystemic Comprehensive treatment program designed to serve multi-
West Hawaii Therapy problem youth in their community.
28 ABC Institute/Addictions Offers confidential,flexible,holistic and individualized programs,
&Behavioral Counseling specializing in substance abuse and anger management.
Individual education and skill techniques.
29 Access Capabilities,Inc. Adolescent Substance Assessments and psychotherapy/counseling. Chemical
Abuse Program dependency treatment services,education and anger management
counseling. ) ) )
30 Big Island Substance Adolescent Outpatient counseling available to youth and their families who
Abuse Center Outpatient Treatment suffer as a result of alcohol and other substance use,abuse and
addiction.
31 Alu Like Inc. Youth Offender Hdoponopono,educational and cultural activity and job
Project placement assisstance.
32 Family Court Probation Services Provides counseling and referrals to families with children who
are referred to court.Also carries out court orders and handles
reports of domestic abuse.For youth in trouble,who were reported
by the court-case management,referrals,support services,
intervention services are provided.
61
Risk Factor 1: Availability of Drugs PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
1 1 1 1 N O 2
1 O O T O N M
Y Y U1 7 N U O
iY Of i4 Q in o co a
33 Ohana Counseling Assessment and treatment for mental health,substance abuse,and
Services the dually-diagnosed
34 Child and Family Service, Family Planning Education presentations about the importance of family planning
West Hawaii Information Serivices and counseling services parent and child communication.
35 Child and Family Service, Intensive In-Home Provides counseling in individual,conjoint,and family sessions,
West Hawaii Services education and support services to youth ages 6-18 years old and
their families in their home with a qulaified mental health
specilist. The focus is to explore family difficulties and identify
treatment goals in accordance with a mutually developed plan.
36 Children's Comprehensive Special Treatment Residential Treatment Program for youth with serious emotional
Services of Hawaii Facility'Pu'ukamalu" or behavioral disorders and educational disabilities. Family
Counseling;Intensive support and community-based treatment
services.
37 Office of Youth Services Hawaii Youth Secure facitlity for youth offenders
Correctional Facility
38 Detention Home Temporary secure facility for youth offenders
39 Resource Connection Recovery programs for substance abuse;non-traditional,job
readiness training
40 Waikoloa Community After Care Program 12 month after care program for those returning from an inpatient
Based Substance facility.
Rehabilitation and
Recovery Program
TOTALS: 40 11 11 22 25 25 20 16 33 28 17 14 10 7 2 2 2 2 5 20 33 37 25 914
62
Risk Factor 2: Family Management Problems PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
O O O 0
U U U = 7; U
O
LL LL t a j E
A >Ul O Y N U N O_0 W
U) Q = fn O tD d
Big Island Substance Baby S.A.F.E. Provides a coordinated,community based,comprehensive response to
Abuse Center the problems of substance abuse during pregnancy,its effects on the
child,another,family and community.
2 Haola,Inc. Clearinghouse for community programs for Panaewa area.
3 Family Support Information and referral for needs of the family 0-3 years
Services-West
Hawaii
4 The Salvation Army- Ho'ola Pono Our program provides life skill services to youth ages 12-19.We also
Family Intervention address self-development,home management,nutrition,personal
Services finance,literacy,social competency,educational support,and career&
employment exploration and readiness.
5 Bay Clinic-Family Family Planning Physical exams,pregnancy testing,HIV/AIDS and STD testing;family
Health Centers Services planning services,WIC program
6 Kamehameha Schools Kamehameha Pre-Pre-school program;language and literacy emphasis,family
schools involvement;social,emotional,physical,cultural,spiritual and
intellectual focus.
7 YWCA Hawaii Island Healthy Start This is a voluntary child growth and development program.Our
Program services are offered to families who qualify due to stressful life
circumstances.Families enter the program when the mom is in her last
trimester or up to 90 days after the infant's birth..Assigned workers
work to improve communication,effective discipline,reduce stress,set
goals,and develop positive relations with their children.Health
Guidance is also offered.
8 Aha Punana Leo- A Hawaiian Language environment nurtures young children and their
Hawaiian families in Hawaiian Culture,values,and protocol,while preparing
Language children for entry into kindergarten via developmentally appropriate
hmnersion practices and experiences.
Preschool
9 Baby Hui A support group that promotes positive parenting by helping parents
enjoy their children,develop confidence in their parenting,and provide
companionship for both parents and children.
10 Malama A Support services for pregnant women and their families;assessments,
Ho'opili Pono pre-natal/postpartum education,counseling by nurses and social
workers
63
Risk Factor 2: Family Management Problems PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONSMATRIX
Ll
O O O 0
; v U _ 7; U
LL LL t a j E _
V) N V N O
L"C > V) Q = = U) O tU d
11 Department of Hawaii Family Case management and intensive mental health services offered through
Health/Child and Guidance Center the HFGC to Felix-Identified Youth. Services are not available to all
Adolescent Mental IDEA and 504 youth. Residential substance abuse treatment available.
Health Division
12 The Salvation Army- Ohana Demonstration youth mentoring program for status offenders ages 12-
Family Intervention Ho'oponopono 17 who are not under probation or protective supervision. Structured
Services one on one relationship between youth and mentor,with goals to
improve school performance and reduce status offending behavior.
This project ends June 30,2002.
13 Child and Family Multisystemic Comprehensive treatment program designed to serve multi-problem
Service,West Hawaii Therapy youth in their community.
14 Alu Like,Inc. Pulama I Na Parent/infant services-home visits,workshops;links to community
Keiki Project resources
15 Child&Family Child Welfare Works with families to strengthen parenting skills. Families receive
Service-East Hawaii Diversion free short-term home visiting services along with information,support,
Program and linkages to community resources. Services are designed to help
families provide a safe home for their children,promote positive
parenting,and prevent child abuse and neglect. Families participating
in the Child Welfare Diversion Program are not currently active with
CPS.
16 Child&Family HomeReach provides support,encouragement,and information on parenting for
Service-East Hawaii families with children by assisting parents in understanding what
behaviors to expect in early childhood and how to guide and nurture
children effectively at each stage of growth and development.
17 Child&Family Intensive In-Home Provides counseling in individual,conjoint,and family sessions,
Service-East Hawaii Services education and support services to youth ages 6-18 years old and their
families in their home.
18 Comprehensive P.A.R.E.N.T.S. Focuses on helping parents learn better parenting skills.Also teaches
Counseling and Inc. children skill building. Current classes held in Hilo,Kurtistown and
support services Pahoa.
19 Department of GRADS program Prenatal,post natal,and parenting programs while remaining in regular
Education school setting
20 Department of Child Welfare Receives all reports,provides case consultation and assessments.
Human Services Services Section Provides crisis intervention on behalf of children in need of immediate
protection.
64
Risk Factor 2: Family Management Problems PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
N 7
O O O M
; v v U
LL LL
V) N 7 Ul Y N U N O r yl
tq Q
21 East Hawaii Coalition Academic tutoring for all ages;Keiki play every Wednesday,shelter for
for the Homeless families and singles over the age of 18
22 The Institute For Home-based therapy,case management,therapeutic aides to families
Family Enrichment referred by social service agencies,provides Multi-Systemic Therapy
(TIFFE) for Hilo/Kau children/teens referred by DOH or DOE
23 Kaniu I LLC Na Laukoa Develop positive self-image;social skills;communication skills;
appropriate behavior;Assessment and diagnostic,outpatient,intensive
support,and community-based services.
24 Queen Liliuokalani QLCC provides assessment to any family that is caring for children
Children's Center who are orphans/half orphans of Hawaiian Ancestry by death of one
or both parents.
25 Effective Change, Outpatient mental health services to children,adolescents,families,and
LLC adults. Specialized services to address attention deficit disorder,
depression,anxiety,oppositional defiant disorder,conduct disorder and
mild substance abuse in certain populations.
26 Family Court Probation Services Provides counseling and referrals to families with children who are
referred to court.Also carries out court orders and handles reports of
domestic abuse.For youth in trouble,who were reported by the court-
case management,referrals,support services,intervention services are
provided.
27 Child and Family Family Planning Education presentations about the importance of family planning and
Service,West Hawaii Information counseling services parent and child communication.
Serivices
28 Child and Family Intensive In-Home Provides counseling in individual,conjoint,and family sessions,
Service,West Hawaii Services education and support services to youth ages 6-18 years old and their
families in their home with a qulaified mental health specilist. The
focus is to explore family difficulties and identify treatment goals in
accordance with a mutually developed plan.
29 Child and Family Therapeutic Provides an intensive system of support,sanctuary,skills training,
Service,West Hawaii Foster Care counseling and clinical services for ages 6-18 year olds who are unable
to live with their own families. The duration of placement in the
program depends upon the range and severity of the youth's problems
and the availability of a permanent placement to which the youth can be
discharged at the end of treatment. The average placement last three
months to two years.
65
Risk Factor 2: Family Management Problems PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONSMATRIX
L/
O O O 0
; v U _ 7; U
LL LL t a j E
N N NN U N O_
U) O tD d
30 Children's Special Treatment Residential Treatment Program for youth with serious emotional or
Comprehensive Facility behavioral disorders and educational disabilities. Family Counseling;
Services of Hawaii 'Pu'ukamalu" Intensive support and community-based treatment services.
31 Sutter Health Pacific Residential Provides mental health services for children and adolescents ages 5-18
dba Kahi Mohala Treatment yrs of age.
Program
32 Sutter Health Pacific Acute Services Evaluate and stabilize children and adolescents with mental health
dba Kahi Mohala needs ages 5-18 yrs old.
33 Catholic Charities Na Ohana Pulama Provide therapeutic foster care to children/youth who have severe ttt,
Family Services emotional and behavioral problems in community based homes. l1
34 Hawaii Behavioral Therapeutic Therapeutic Foster Care is the temporary placement of children with
Health Foster Care families outside of their own homes in licensed foster homes due to
special behavioral or emotional needs of the child.All ages are served
as long as the youth is still in school.Referrals are taken from the Dept.
of Health with an IDEA/504 status.While in Therapeutic Foster Care,
each child and family work with a team of professionals:therapist,
family support specialist and therapeutic aide;Assessment and
diagnostic,outpatient,intensive support and community-based services.
35 The Salvation Army- Ho'okala Adolescent Diversion program providing 24 Hr.response system to the
Family Intervention police for juveniles ages 10-17 Yrs.old arrested for status offenses and
Services minor,non violent law violations. These individuals are not involved
with the court,CPS,or other programs and cannot be returned home
immediately but are at risk of being placed in secure custody. Youth
and families are referred to community resources for services,which are
voluntary and require parental consent.
36 Child and Family Foster Homes, Provides stability and a safe living environment,Intensive support,
Service,West Hawaii Teen Living Care skills training,counseling and clinical services for youth ages 12-17
Homes Yrs old who are unable to live with their natural families.
37 Office of Youth Hawaii Youth Secure facitlity for youth offenders
Services Correctional
Facility
38 Detention Home Temporary secure facility for youth offenders
TOTALS: 11 38 20 23 28 20 13 12 36 23 10 19 4 7 10 2 1 9 16 19 27 29 22 22 24
66
Risk Factor 3: Family Conflict PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
O R R
v v w
LL y a
LL
N Q O
CO tD r d
Haola,Inc. Clearinghouse for community programs
2 Family Support Information and referral for needs of the family 0-3
Services-West years
Hawaii
3 Samaritan Offers individual,couple,and family therapy within
Counseling Center of an interfaith context,using counselors trained in both
Hawaii-Hilo theology and psychology. n n n)
4 YWCA Hawaii Sexual Assault Supports island wide SART/SANE services.Provides
Island Victim phone and face to face crisis intervention,clinical
Empowerment support and legal advocacy for survivors of sexual
Service support and their significant others.This includes
presence at forensic medical exams,police
department,Children's Advocacy Centers,and court. n) n n n)
During business hours provides individual,group,
and family counseling.Community health promotion
service provides sexual assault awareness and safety
education to schools,community and professional
groups,from pre-school through adult.
rj North Hawaii Hale Ola Pono Health Education,family violence awareness and
Women and Health Center prevention n) n)
Children's Services
6 Waimea YMCA Aquatics,Sports Programs and activities designed to strengthen the
Activities,and A+ family,promote healthy lifestyles,develop leadership
qualities in young people and adults,and to meet the
n) n) Tlk Tlk
spiritual,physical,emotional,and social needs of its
membership.
7 Department of Hawaii Family Case management and intensive mental health
Health/Child and Guidance Center services offered through the HFGC to Felix-Identified
Adolescent Mental Youth. Services are not available to all IDEA andjjjjjjj
Health Division 504 youth. Residential substance abuse treatment
available.
8 Child and Family Multisystemic Comprehensive treatment program designed to serve
Service,West Therapy multi-problem youth in their community.
Hawaii n n) n) n) n
67
Risk Factor 3: Family Conflict PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
2
LL a a
LL
0
tp Q y o W r d
9 Alu Like,Inc. Pulama I Na heiki Parent/infant services-home visits,workshops;links
Project to community resources ilk Tlk 11k
10 Department of Child Welfare Receives all reports,provides case consultation and
Human Services Services Section assessments.Provides crisis intervention on behalf of
children in need of immediate protection. n n n) n n n n n
11 The Institute For Home-based therapy,case management,therapeutic
Family Enrichment aides to families referred by social service agencies,
(TIFFE) provides Multi-Systemic Therapy for Hilo/ha'u n n n) n n n n
children/teens referred by DOH or DOE
12 haniu I LLC Na Laukoa Develop positive self-image;social skills;
communication skills;appropriate behavior;
Assessment and diagnostic,outpatient,intensive n n) n) n
support,and community-based services.
13 Queen Liliuokalani QLCC provides assessment to any family that is
Children's Center caring for children who are orphans/half orphans of
Hawaiian Ancestry by death of one or both parents. n n) n) n n
14 Effective Change, Outpatient mental health services to children,
LLC adolescents,families,and adults. Specialized
services to address attention deficit disorder,
depression,anxiety,oppositional defiant disorder, n) n) n n n)
conduct disorder and mild substance abuse in certain
populations.
15 AL-ANON and Support group for individuals who are affected by
ALATEEN another person's drinking problem.Meetings at
various times and locations.Call for schedule. n n n) n n n)
16 Alu Like,Inc. Ho'oponopono Family therapy and counseling based on tradition
Hawaiian cultural values. ilk ilk ilk
17 Bay Clinic/Pahoa Violence DHS intake service,violence intervention for mein
Family Health Intervention Project support for victims of abuse,WIC program,
Center psychological services,Hui Malama-Hawaiian
Health Program
68
Risk Factor 3: Family Conflict PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
c a
1 U U 2 U
a
LL LL a i
Y Y N
VI 0
VI N y 0 -a y N r
R 3: Q = tp O co r d
18 Kapiolani Child Child Abuse and Referrals from CPS for families where a CPS report
Protection Center Neglect Diversion has been made,but a CPS case has not been opened.
Services Provides assessment,short term counseling and other
social service intervention and linkage with resources
for ongoing support.
19 Kapiolani Child Multidisciplinary Referrals accepted from DHS/CPS workers only.
Protection Center Team Services Team with physician,nurse,psychologist,social
worker assist CPS in investigation and case
management.
20 Kapiolani Child Title IV West Assessment,outreach,medical care coordination,
Protection Center Hawaii Counseling resource linkage,counseling,and case management
and Supportive for individuals and families at high risk of child
Project abuse and neglect. Individual and family counseling
from staff and contracted providers.
21 Kona YMCA Family Visitation Safe,Neutral,nurturing place where child visitations
Center and exchanges occur. Helps children and parents
experiencing difficulties with domestic violence. n n)
Divorce,separation,custody disputes.
22 Turning Point for Alternatives to Peer counseling,education groups and legal help for
Families Violence-Men and women and children.Advocacy and help for battered
Women Components women.Court mandated groups for men or women
who batter.Assistance with obtaining temporary
restraining orders.
23 Waiakea Settlement Family Visitation Safe,Neutral,nurturing place where child visitations
YMCA Center and exchanges occur. Helps children and parents
experiencing difficulties with domestic violence.
Divorce,separation,custody disputes.
24 Waiakea Settlement Mediation Center- Mediation services for youth and families
YMCA Kuikahi experiencing family conflict n)
25 Children's Advocacy Provides a non-threatening environment to alleged
Center child victims of abuse for the purpose of conducting
forensic interviews by trained police and CPS
investigators
26 Hale Ola Ka'u Hotline for victims of domestic abuse. Several safe
houses provides victims with a safe place for 72
hours while developing plans with trained
professionals. Transportation to safe houses.
69
Risk Factor 3: Family Conflict PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
O R R
v v w
LL y a
LL
N Q O
CO tD r d
27 Family Court Probation Services Provides counseling and referrals to families with
children who are referred to court.Also carries out
court orders and handles reports of domestic abuse.
For youth in trouble,who were reported by the court- n) n) n) n) n) n n
case management,referrals,support services,
intervention services are provided.
28 Alu Like Inc. Youth Offender Ho'oponopono,educational and cultural activity and
Project job placement assisstance. n) n) n) n
29 Access Capabilities, Adolescent Assessments and psychotherapy/counseling.
Inc. Substance Abuse Chemical dependency treatment services,education
Program and anger management counseling. n) n) n)
30 West Hawaii Mediation services for youth and families
Mediation Center experiencing family conflict
TIC TIC TIC TIC
31 Child and Family Intensive In-Home Provides counseling in individual,conjoint,and
Service,West Services family sessions,education and support services to
Hawaii youth ages 6-18 years old and their families in their
home with a qulaified mental health specilist. The n n) n) n) n) n n n
focus is to explore family difficulties and identify
treatment goals in accordance with a mutually
developed plan.
32 Child and Family Therapeutic Foster Provides an intensive system of support,sanctuary,
Service,West Care skills training,counseling and clinical services for
Hawaii ages 6-18 year olds who are unable to live with their
own families. The duration of placement in the
program depends upon the range and severity of the
youth's problems and the availability of a permanent n n) n n n) n n n n
placement to which the youth can be discharged at
the end of treatment. The average placement last
three months to two years.
33 Sutter Health Pacific Residential Provides mental health services for children and
dba hahi Mohala Treatment Program adolescents ages 5-18 yrs of age. n n) n n)
34 Sutter Health Pacific Acute Services Evaluate and stabilize children and adolescents with
dba hahi Mohala mental health needs ages 5-18 yrs old.
70
Risk Factor 3: Family Conflict PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
O 2 R
v v w a U w
LL a
LL
Vl V� y 7 0
N Q y o to a
35 Catholic Charities Na Ohana Pulama Provide therapeutic foster care to children/youth who
Family Services have severe emotional and behavioral problems in
community based homes. n
36 Hawaii Behavioral Therapeutic Foster Therapeutic Foster Care is the temporary placement
Health Care of children with families outside of their own homes
in licensed foster homes due to special behavioral or
emotional needs of the child.All ages are served as
long as the youth is still in school.Referrals are taken
from the Dept.of Health with an IDEA/504 status.
While in Therapeutic Foster Care,each child and n n) n n n
family work with a team of professionals:therapist,
family support specialist and therapeutic aide;
Assessment and diagnostic,outpatient,intensive
support and community-based services.
37 Child and Family Foster Homes,Teen Provides stability and a safe living environment,
Service,West Living Care Homes Intensive support,skills training,counseling and
Hawaii clinical services for youth ages 12-17 Yrs old who n) n) n n n) n) n
are unable to live with their natural families.
38 Casey Family Foster home or guardianship for youth who have
Programs been removed from birth family by CPS;transition
services for foster youth and alumni n) n) n
39 Child&Family Emergency Crisis Intervention/stabilization services provided in non-
Service-East Beds hospital residential settings for the purpose of
Hawaii intervening and stabilizing a crisis by providing
structure,supervision,and therapeutic interventions
in family treatment homes.
40 Child&Family Shelter for Abused Provides 24-hour emergency shelter,food,
Service-East Spouses and children transportation,and counseling for up to 60 days for
Hawaii Hale Ohana adults or children who have been physically or
emotionally abused or threatened with abuse. In
Tlk Tlk Tlk Tlk Tlk
addition,the shelter provides a variety of resources,
support,and assistance
71
Risk Factor 3: Family Conflict PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
O R R
LL a
LL E L ti C
G/ G/ U r i
M N Q O
tD r d
41 Child&Family Therapeutic Foster Provides an intensive system of support,sanctuary,
Service-East Care skills training,counseling and clinical services for
Hawaii ages 6-18 year olds who are unable to live with their
own families. The duration of placement in the
program depends upon the range and severity of the
youth's problems and the availability of a permanent n n n
placement to which the youth can be discharged at
the end of treatment. The average placement last
three months to two years.
42 Hawaii Community Crisis Response 24 hour crisis/suicide response,assessment services
Health Services Systems Project for youth and adults,three day emergency shelter
services for youth who meet criteria and emergency n n
transportation services
43 The Salvation Army Ala ha'I Na Opio The Salvation Army-Family Intervention Services
Family Intervention (East)/Pu'uhonua provides community based Emergency Shelter(I to
Services Na Opio(West) 90 days placement). Emergency shelter provides
sanctuary to youth 12 thorough 17,up to 90
displacement. Youth learn life skills Le.cooking
positive communications personal hygiene,
household skills. Socializing in a residential setting. n n n) n
School attendance,behavior,and academics
monitored. Transportation to school,appointments
and program activities within city limits.
44 Turning Point for West Hawaii Spouse Emergency safe shelter for 48 hours and temporary
Families Abuse Center shelter for up to 90 days. The shelter also offers a
children's program with a children's advocate for n) n n n
young people who have needs of their own.
45 Office of Youth Hawaii Youth Secure facitlity for youth offenders
Services Correctional Facility n n fl) n
46 Detention Home Temporary secure facility for youth offenders
TIC � TIC M 11� � TIC► � TIC►
TOTALS: 11 20 46 22 29 27 17 14 41 24 6 24 7 7 14 2 1 16 23 31 40 41 34 23 23
72
Risk Factor 4: Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
N V N N
L L (6 N N
LL LL t D
Y Y U1 7 O U O
N N
d' d' (n Q c C �' U) O (O d
Waimea YMCA Aquatics,Sports Programs and activities designed to strengthen the family,promote
Activities,and A+ healthy lifestyles,develop leadership qualities in young people and
adults,and to meet the spiritual,physical,emotional,and sociall11
needs of its membership.
2 Kamehameha Kamehameha Pre- Pre-school program;language and literacy emphasis,family
Schools schools involvement;social,emotional,physical,cultural,spiritual and
intellectual focus
3 YWCA Hawaii Healthy Start Program This is a voluntary child growth and development program.Our
Island services are offered to families who qualify due to stressful life
circumstances.Families enter the program when the mom is in her
last trimester or up to 90 days after the infant's birth..Assigned
workers work to improve communication,effective discipline,
reduce stress,set goals,and develop positive relations with their
children.Health Guidance is also offered.
4 Aha Punana Leo- A Hawaiian Language environment nurtures young children and
Hawaiian Language their families in Hawaiian Culture,values,and protocol,while
Immersion Preschool preparing children for entry into kindergarten via developmentally l 1 1 1 1
appropriate practices and experiences.
5 Friends of the Future Earl's Garage Participants can experience take-apart-technology or reverse
engineering to learn how a variety of machines work.
6 Girl Scout Council of Develop character,conduct,patriotism,social conscience,self-
Hawaii-Hawaii esteem,and service;establish life values
Island
7 Hawaii County HIPAL(Police Recreation for youth who are not part of any other organization
Police Department Athletic League)
8 Parks&Recreation Wide variety of recreational/cultural activities-swimming,crafts,
Dept.,County of basketball,etc.
Hawaii 4 4 4 4 4 4
9 The Salvation Army-Youth Service Center Provides prevention serivices and activities during and after school
Family Intervention (Ku Ha'o Club-Ka hours for at risk youths ages 6-17 Yrs.old with focus on middle
Services ohi La'au) school students attending Keaau Elementary,Middle,and High
Schools. Positive alternative and leadership activities provided
including SMART Moves,a Boys and Girls Club of America
prevention program addressing the use of alcohol,tobacco,and
other drugs and teen pregnancy.
73
Risk Factor 4: Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
(6 (6 (6 N
LL LL t C C
Y Y U1 7 U O
d' 2' (n Q C C �' W O (O d
10 YWCA Hawaii Ekahi and Hamakua Drug prevention curriculum based on Hawaiian values presented
Island Youth Center Project in schools,and parent prevention workshops. Teen after-school
center in Honoka'a with computers,computer games,internet
access,tutoring,art/photography classes,a darkroom,pool,chess,
crafts,and career development learning. .
11 Boy Scouts of Develop character;train in responsibilities of citizenship;develop
America-Aloha personal fitness
Council
12 Boys and Girls Club Recreation,Social Skills,Dealing with stress and anger;positive
of Hawaii,Hilo alternatives,computer lab
Clubhouse
13 Center for Gifted& Na Pua No'eau Programs for Native Hawaiian children that promote talent
Talented Native enhancement.Special Saturday programs and summer available
Hawaiian for students.
Children/UH-Hilo
14 Department of After School Program Provides after school care for elementary students,Gr.K-6
Education (A+)
15 Department of Lanakila Learning Academic tutoring and social skills building
Education Center
16 Hawaii Behavioral Ho'omana/after
Health school/summer
program
17 Hawaii County Head Start Head Start is a comprehensive early childhood development
Economic program for low-income children and their families.We provide a
Opportunity Council wide range of services to ensure comprehensive care including
health,education,parent involvement,social services and services
to children with special needs.Head Start conducts a total of 23
child and family development programs in Hawaii County.
18 Hawaii County P.A.G.E. Positive Alternatives Gang Education,in conjunction with DOE,in
Police Department school classes for 7th and 8th Graders.
74
Risk Factor 4: Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
N C: N
(6 (6 D N
LL LL t �
19 University of Hawaii Four H Youth Hands on educational experience in a non-academic setting,
at Manoa Development Program provided by caring adults who volunteer their time to mentor
youth. We provide training to adult and teen volunteers and
extend the resources of the University to the community. By
involving youth in community service projects,4-H seeks to foster
problem solving skills,and strengthen family bonds with the
community.
20 Waiakea Settlement Y-Tots
YMCA
21 Haola,Inc. Clearinghouse for community programs
22 The Salvation Army-Ho'ola Pono Our program provides life skill services to youth ages 12-19.We
Family Intervention also address self-development,home management,nutrition,
Services personal finance,literacy,social competency,educational support
and career&employment exploration and readiness.
23 Kona Neighborhood Community-based program serving families through partnerships
Place with public and private providers. ) )
24 Hawaii Island Anti- Bully Proof Anti bullying curriculum and training at Pahoa Elementary School
Bully Committee(HI
ABC)
25 Department of Hawaii Family Case management and intensive mental health services offered
Health/Child and Guidance Center through the HFGC to Felix-Identified Youth. Services are not
Adolescent Mental available to all IDEA and 504 youth. Residential substance abuse
Health Division treatment available.
26 Child and Family Multisystemic Comprehensive treatment program designed to serve multi-
Service,West Hawaii Therapy problem youth in their community.
27 Alu Like,Inc. Pulama I Na Keiki Parent/infant services-home visits,workshops;links to
Project community resources
28 Kaniu I LLC Na Laukoa Develop positive self-image;social skills;communication skills;
appropriate behavior;Assessment and diagnostic,outpatient,
intensive support,and community-based services.
29 Effective Change, Outpatient mental health services to children,adolescents,families,
LLC and adults. Specialized services to address attention deficit
disorder,depression,anxiety,oppositional defiant disorder,
conduct disorder and mild substance abuse in certain populations.
75
Risk Factor 4: Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
0
(6 (6 N
LL LL t D C
Y Y U1 7 U O
d' d' (n Q C C �, W O co d
30 Waiakea Settlement Mediation Center- Mediation services for youth and families experiencing family
YMCA Kuikahi conflict
31 The Salvation Army-Ohana Ho'oponopono Demonstration youth mentoring program for status offenders ages
Family Intervention 12-17 who are not under probation or protective supervision.
Services Structured one on one relationship between youth and mentor,with
goals to improve school performance and reduce status offending ) ) ) )
behavior. This project ends June 30,2002.
32 HICCUP Circus Self-esteem program;circus arts classes&camps;drug prevention
school assemblies and performances
33 The Salvation Army-Holoinua E Ka Comprehensive employment and training program for in-school
Family Intervention Lanakila youth. Eligibility requirements include low-income individuals
Services and one or more of the following:Deficit in basic literacy skills;
homeless,runaway,or foster child;pregnant or parenting,offender;
or one who requires additional assistance to complete an
educational program.
34 Department of Comprehensive Alternative learning center for alienated youth;special motivation
Education School Alienation classes;work-study experiences;academic tutoring
Program(CSAP)
35 Department of Special Education Evaluation of children suspected of mental retardation,learning
Education disability,physical or medical disability;recommendations for
program;ensure compliance with Fed/State law
36 Hawaii County Drop Out Prevention Our program helps to reduce the risk of high school students with
Economic Program chronic unexcused absenteeism of dropping out of school before
Opportunity Council graduation.Activities develop positive attitudes toward school,
increase self-esteem and explore career options.As a result,
students'attitudes about school change,they do better socially&
academically and they go on to graduate.DOPP is available at
Hilo,Waiakea,Konawaena,Laupahoehoe and Honakaa.A Court
Referral is also required.
37 Turning Point for Youth Services Reduce impulsive and aggressive behavior. Increase the level of
Families Program social competence and self-esteem. Address the dynamics of
adolescent victimization
76
Risk Factor 4: Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
N V N N
U U U O U
f6 (6 (0 a) N N _
LL LL t Z i
Y Y U1 7 O U O
N N
W Q_ (n Q C C �' (4 O (O d
38 Waikoloa Young Men's 15 Session anger management program for adolescent finales ages
Community Based Adolescent Anger 14-17.
Substance Management Program
Rehabilitation and
Recovery Program
39 Family Court Probation Services Provides counseling and referrals to families with children who are
referred to court.Also carries out court orders and handles reports
of domestic abuse.For youth in trouble,who were reported by the
court-case management,referrals,support services,intervention1llllll
services are provided.
40 Alu Like Inc. Youth Offender Ho'oponopono,educational and cultural activity and job placement
Project assisstance. 4
41 Ohana Counseling Assessment and treatment for mental health,substance abuse,and
Services the dually-diagnosed 4
42 ABC Institute/ Offers confidential,flexible,holistic and individualized programs,
Addictions& specializing in substance abuse and anger management. Individual
Behavioral education and skill techniques.
Counseling
43 YWCA Hawaii Hawaii Island Teen Teen juries sentence first-time juvenile offenders aged 10-17 to
Island Court community service,jury duty,counseling and other options.
Successful completion of sentence leaves with a clean juvenile
record.Volunteer jurors,attorneys,bailiffs,and clerks.
44 Child and Family Intensive In-Home Provides counseling in individual,conjoint,and family sessions,
Service,West Hawaii Services education and support services to youth ages 6-18 years old and
their families in their home with a qulaified mental health specilist.
The focus is to explore family difficulties and identify treatment
goals in accordance with a mutually developed plan.
45 Child and Family Therapeutic Foster Provides an intensive system of support,sanctuary,skills training,
Service,West Hawaii Care counseling and clinical services for ages 6-18 year olds who are
unable to live with their own families. The duration of placement
in the program depends upon the range and severity of the youth's
problems and the availability of a permanent placement to which
the youth can be discharged at the end of treatment. The average
placement last three months to two years.
77
Risk Factor 4: Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
0
(6 (6 D N
LL LL t �
Y Y U1 N C U O
d' ■ d' � (n Q ■ C C ■, fn O (O � d
46 The Salvation Army-Hui Maka'ala Hui Maka'ala is a group home program providing long term
Family Intervention residency for youth ages 12-19.We encourage to take on life's
Services challenges in a positive way and offer help in pro-social skill
development,completion of high school or GED,and enhance self- 1111 )
esteem.Provide individual,group&family counseling,organized
sports,and arts/crafts.
47 Rise Institute E Ala 11e Partial and full day mental health treatment for children and
adolescents. Education support services. Therapeutic aides ona
and off school sites
48 Phoenix Center Mental health agency providing psychiatric evaluation,medication
management,individual and group psychotherapies for adolescents
49 Sutter Health Pacific Residential Treatment Provides mental health services for children and adolescents ages 5
dba Kahi Mohala Program 18 yrs of age.
50 Sutter Health Pacific Acute Services Evaluate and stabilize children and adolescents with mental health
dba Kahi Mohala needs ages 5-18 yrs old.
51 Catholic Charities Na Ohana Pulama Provide therapeutic foster care to children/youth who have severe
Family Services emotional and behavioral problems in community based homes.
52 Hawaii Behavioral Therapeutic Foster Therapeutic Foster Care is the temporary placement of children
Health Care with families outside of their own homes in licensed foster homes
due to special behavioral or emotional needs of the child.All ages
are served as long as the youth is still in school.Referrals are taken
from the Dept.of Health with an IDEA/504 status.While in
Therapeutic Foster Care,each child and family work with a team
of professionals:therapist,family support specialist and therapeutic
aide;Assessment and diagnostic,outpatient,intensive support and
community-based services.
53 Child and Family Foster Homes,Teen Provides stability and a safe living environment,Intensive support,
Service,West Hawaii Living Care Homes skills training,counseling and clinical services for youth ages 12-
17 Yrs old who are unable to live with their natural families.
54 Casey Family Foster home or guardianship for youth who have been removed
Programs from birth family by CPS;transition services for foster youth and
alumni
78
Risk Factor 4: Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior PREVENTION/GRADUATED SANCTIONS MATRIX
(6 (6 D N
LL LL t 0 > E 07 Y Y U1 7 U O
N
LI) MD N
C60 Q c c W o co a
55 Child&Family Therapeutic Foster Provides an intensive system of support,sanctuary,skills training,
Service-East Hawaii Care counseling and clinical services for ages 6-18 year olds who are
unable to live with their own families. The duration of placement
in the program depends upon the range and severity of the youth's
problems and the availability of a permanent placement to which
the youth can be discharged at the end of treatment. The average
placement last three months to two years.
56 The Salvation Army Ala Ka'I Na Opio The Salvation Army-Family Intervention Services provides
Family Intervention (East)/Pu'uhonua Na community based Emergency Shelter(1 to 90 days placement).
Services Opio(West) Emergency shelter provides sanctuary to youth 12 thorough 17,up
to 90 displacement. Youth learn life skills I.e.cooking positive
communications personal hygiene,household skills. Socializing in
a residential setting. School attendance,behavior,and academics
monitored. Transportation to school,appointments and program
activities within city limits.
57 Children's Special Treatment Residential Treatment Program for youth with serious emotional or
Comprehensive Facility Pu'ukamalu" behavioral disorders and educational disabilities. Family
Services of Hawaii Counseling;Intensive support and community-based treatment
services.
58 The Salvation Army Ho'okala Adolescent Diversion program providing 24 Hr.response system to
Family Intervention the police for juveniles ages 10-17 Yrs.old arrested for status
Services offenses and minor,non violent law violations. These individuals
are not involved with the court,CPS,or other programs and cannot
be returned home immediately but are at risk of being placed in
secure custody. Youth and families are referred to community
resources for services,which are voluntary and require parental
consent.
59 Office of Youth Hawaii Youth Secure facitlity for youth offenders
Services Correctional Facility
60 Detention Home Temporary secure facility for youth offenders
61 Waikoloa After Care Program 12 month after care program for those returning from an inpatient
Community Based facility.
Substance
Rehabilitation and
Recovery Program
TOTALS: 22 23 22 61 45 34 26 17 52 35 24 18 9 11 12 2 3 7 20 35 50 49 29 14 25
79
Y
Gaps in Service
1. Not having an on-island in-patient substance abuse treatment facility (both for male and female
clients). This treatment center would provide gender specific services that dealt with the core
issues leading to drug use.
2. Gap in a secure environment for status offenders or repeat runaways who do not commit any other
crimes. There are no programs, both for CPS and Family Court that treat the individual or the
issues causing them to run.
3. Mandate by the State to require driver education for all 16-18 year olds without having sufficient
classes in the schools to meet the demand. The result is only those youths that have the money to
pay to attend the program will be able to drive. This factor along with current transportation issues
on the island combine to make it difficult for young people to participate in activities such as part-
time work, school related sports, or attending college.
4. Insufficient transportation system to service youth to get them to the key areas of the island to
beaches, movies, activity centers, etc. This would relate to the youth resenting a parent for not
being able to provide transportation.
5. Need for more activities for the intermediate school age kids.
6. Need for more youth centers and clubs centered on clusters of communities away from the main
population hubs of Waimea, Kailua, Hilo and Naalehu.
7. Need for more mentoring programs in the Kona area, both the peer and adult—to-peer types.
8. Develop a standard evaluation of both content and implementation of programs to see how
effective it is, and how or what we need to improve it. Ask the kids how effective the programs
are. This is for both programs in the community and for curriculum courses held in the Department
of Education. Need to evaluate the need and effectiveness of the program.
9. Expand current programs to have more variety for the different ages of both parent and child.
10. Insufficient parenting classes available to Family Court.
11. Need for more anti-drug campaigns.
12. Look at what type of training that pre-school teachers have in the area of identifying risk#4. If
none, then we will need to develop and integrate requirements into Early Childhood Education
Programs at the college level. This should also include elementary educators. Options for referral
and for linkages to community service providers need to be developed.
8i
82
Outreach,
Communication &
Media
Juvenile Justice
Comprehensive Strategic Plan
Hawaii County
83
84
INTRODUCTION
The Hawaii County Outreach, Communication & Media Workgroup is comprised of representatives
from a variety of public and private sector organizations— all of whom have a stake in communicating
and networking effectively the results of the Comprehensive Strategy planning process. Key
representation comes from the Office of the Mayor, Dept. of Education, Dept. of Human Services,
Hawaii Island United Way, Hawaii Police Dept., Hawaii Island Chamber of Commerce, Office of the
Prosecuting Attorney, Hawaii Tribune-Herald, Salvation Army, and Na Leo `O Hawaii public access
TV.
The first step was to help formulate and embrace a vision Statement for the Comprehensive Strategy
group: "Every youth in Hawaii will be a responsible, healthy and caring community member."
Everything that we say and do during the planning and delivery processes will relate back to fulfilling
this vision.
Hawaii County has many troubling statistics as it relates to youth, but the Comprehensive Strategy
group was able to agree on four priority risk factors: 1) availability of drugs; 2) family management
problems; 3) family conflict; and 4) early and persistent anti-social behavior.
It is now the Outreach and Media workgroup's primary responsibility to facilitate the exchange of
ideas and information internally among the various workgroups so that the best plan possible can be
developed. Simultaneously, the team is developing ways to introduce the planning process and
pending plan to the community. Here are some of the tactics we will be using:
* The production and distribution of a monthly newsletter intended for internal use to keep
planning participants informed about individual workgroup activities and overall
Comprehensive Strategy activities and timelines.
* The development and implementation of a logo and name contest for the Comprehensive
Strategy planning group among youth throughout Hawaii County. In October, we will launch a
call for entries throughout County public and private schools. This will raise awareness about
the program and also give youth the opportunity to share their ideas and creativity.
The production of a"talking points" brochure for use internally among Comprehensive
Planning Strategy participants, and another version for use in educating the community about
the program. The public version will also be a valuable tool for those from the planning group
who make public presentations.
* The selection of the best and most appropriate web-sites for obtaining information about the
efforts, and ways that the community can become involved.
The development of a media plan that provides a variety of mediums for disseminating
information about the planning process, the plant itself, and ways for the community to get
involved. This will include the production of radio PSAs, public access TV spots and
programming, and both news releases and advertisements intended for use in island
newspapers.
85
* The involvement of youth in the workgroup projects. This will be achieved with the help of the
Youth Workgroup and other participating agencies.
Another important role of the Outreach, Communication and Media Workgroup will be to "reach out"
to other organizations in the community so that we can integrate ideas and programs effectively.
Hawaii Island United Way, which provides annual funding to 34 non-profit human service
organizations, will be a key partner in the workgroup's "outreach" efforts. With its own funding
priority of"Strengthening Families and Nurturing Children," United Way can help us network with
established agencies that will be able to help in the implementation of the plan.
Because of the size of Hawaii County community—Hawaii County includes the entire island of over
4,000 square miles— effectively communicating with multiple ethnic and income groups will be a
challenge. The means we develop will need to be modeled to fit each area's needs, and we will have to
be patient and flexible in the delivery process. If we all keep focused on the vision Statement, we
believe we can make a difference and help mobilize the entire community to assume responsibility for
"our" children.
86
Legislative , Policy
& Systems
Juvenile Justice
Comprehensive Strategic Plan
Hawaii County
87
88
INTRODUCTION
The role of the Legislative, Policy & Systems (LPS) Workgroup is to:
1. Review and recommend changes to State and local laws and policies related to all stages along
the Comprehensive Strategies continuum;
2. Assess and make recommendations related to information sharing and management information
systems among relevant agencies and organizations; and
3. Review and make recommendations regarding case management functions currently in place.
To accomplish these objectives, input was sought from the Data Collection, Resource Assessment,
Objective Decisionmaking, and Youth Workgroups. These Workgroups were asked to identify the
legislative, policy, and systems issues relating to at-risk-youth, that they had uncovered during the
course of their research and discussions. Their insights were compiled into a list that was organized
according to the following operational categories: Education; Law Enforcement; Health and Human
services; Juvenile Justice System; and Community Resource Systems.
The LPS Workgroup further discerned whether issues affected legislative, policy, or systems issues
and labeled them accordingly. These terms were defined as follows:
- Legislative issues pertain to laws, ordinances or rules;
- Policy issues pertain to the internal process of a single agency, department, or organization; and
- Systems issues pertain to processes and practices that involve multiple agencies, departments,
or organizations.
The LPS Workgroup also contributed a partial list of Hawaii State laws that relate to youth to the
growing body of information assembled by the Comprehensive Strategies workgroups for inclusion in
the Community Assessment Report. The complete list of issues, which cites the origin of the
issue/recommendation, is attached as Appendix A and the list of Hawaii State Laws as Appendix B, to
the report.
This body of information was reviewed, discussed, and amended at a LPS Workgroup meeting on
August 31, 2001. After discussion, Workgroup participants identified the issues felt to be priorities.
The criteria for"priority issues" included:
- Relationship to priority risk factors: availability of drugs; family management problems;
family conflict; and early and persistent anti-social behavior;
- Relationship to goal of building a seamless continuum of services and sanctions, from
prevention programming to the development of graduated sanctions;
- Realistic potential of attaining positive impact given resources available; and
- Significant widespread benefit possible from targeting particular issue.
89
PRIORITY LEGISLATIVE, POLICY, AND SYSTEMS ISSUES
Educational System
Issues relating to this system were not included in the present list of suggested priorities.
Law Enforcement System
Issues relating to this system were not included in the present list of suggested priorities.
Health and Human Services Systems
Policy Issues:
Issue: The July 2001 issue of the Office of Justice Programs' "Juvenile Justice
❖❖ Bulletin," notes that a substantial body of research has established a connection between
childhood abuse and neglect and delinquency. To assist in evaluating the adequacy of
the response to this vulnerable group of children, data should be obtained that measures
State agency practices and polices relating to abused and neglected children. This
should include but not be limited to: length of time children spend in the "system;"
number of transfers between foster parents per child; number of children assigned to
caseworkers; and correlation between involvement in Hawaii's protective services
system and later delinquency. (Data)
Recommendation: Explore how to obtain data. Ascertain whether
State Legislative Auditor's Office has examined this issue. If not,
consider asking for assistance. Include best practices/standards as a
gauge for comparison.
Research whether the child protective services strategy known as
Structured Decision Making (described in July 2001 "Juvenile
Justice Bulletin" or other emerging best practices might be applied
to Hawaii's child protective services system.
90
Systems Issues:
Issue: Child Welfare Cases: Not infrequently there is confusion as to which
❖❖ agency has the lead role in making decisions involving child custody and placement.
This can be considered a primary concern in cases in which the child is a law violator
with mental or behavioral problems (i.e. substance abuse affected at the time the police
are notified) and family is known to be or believed to be dysfunctional. (Obj. Dec.)
Recommendation: It is highly recommended that a"receiving home"
facility be opened in East Hawaii and in West Hawaii where
children can be placed at any time, night or day, and held for a
period of time. Personnel from all agencies involved can access the
youth, assess the situation, have preliminary input and then meet in
a multi-disciplinary team setting to establish roles and identify
appropriate placement. (Obj. Dec.)
Issue: Drug use and addiction among youth as well as their parents is a major
❖❖ problem in Hawaii County. (Youth)
Recommendations: Hawaii County needs to address the whole issue from
the standpoint of law enforcement, prevention, treatment, aftercare,
drug availability, and criminal prosecution, etc. (Youth)
Prevention efforts should be focused on children who are in the
,'middle-school" age group, such as those in the 6th through 10th
grades. (Leg.)
Recreational activities for young people, offer youth a positive
alternative to drug use. Groups should be encouraged to start new
prevention oriented activities, particularly for youth in the 6th
through the 10th grades. Existing organizations, such as the YMCA,
churches, sports organizations, etc., already provide such activities.
We need to support these organizations financially in the form of
providing needed resources such as building more fields for sports,
having public buildings that would be suitable for activities such as
concerts, dances, plays, etc. (Youth/Leg.)
Recommendations from: "Substance Abuse The Nations'Number
One Health Problem" Update Feb. 2001. Prepared by the
Shneider Institute for Health Policy, Brandeis University.
91
1. Increasing tobacco and alcohol taxes in Hawaii County may
reduce the use. Can a County tax be levied on tobacco and
alcohol? Could the tax fund be used to address reduction of use
and/or treatment with the youth? Notation, a 10 percent increase
is likely to reduce the teenage smoking by 7%. Besides the
discouragement factor, funds might be generate to address
program needs. More education programs to discourage underage
smoking and more should be spent on educating youth and adults
about the dangers of drugs.
2. Develop public awareness campaigns to increase the knowledge
and change community attitudes towards alcohol, tobacco and
drugs. The media usage by tobacco and alcohol industries to
promote their products has increased. The tobacco industry has
spent $6 billion in 1998, and the alcohol industry $1 billion in
1997. While we may not affect not a reduction on advertising
this County can do its own to promote anti alcohol, tobacco and
drug media education.
3. Basically there are two strategies to reducing illegal drugs: one is
to reduce the supply and the other the demand. Law enforcement
attempts to reduce the supply, the reduction of demand may be
accomplished through prevention, early intervention and
treatment services. More programs should be developed for
demand reduction.
4. Develop youth programs, such as peer counseling and gang
prevention. Life skills training on communication, problem
solving and stress management might assist in addressing some
of the motivators for drug usage.
92
5. Promote Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act
(SDFSCA) programs in the schools that address a better
understanding of the negative consequences of drug use.
6. Use the Franklin Reality Model of cognitive restructuring for
student skills development and drug choice intervention.
7. Utilize MADD and SADD more in respective community
environments such as the schools and the community. Media
campaigning may be part of this effort.
8. More enforcement against underage purchases of tobacco and
alcohol and/or recognition to businesses for their effort to
maintain the enforcement.
9. Revocation of driver's license after the second DUI conviction.
No reinStatement of the license. Provide community education
on the impact of transportation issues.
10. Stronger regulations to reduce teenage access to alcohol. Adults
who illegally give alcohol to minors should be penalized.
Issue: The data revealed that when compared to the rest of the State, a
❖❖ disproportionate numbers of Hawaii County families live in poverty. Data which
measures relational links between factors such as: income; number of parents in
household; domestic violence; child abuse; availability of drugs and alcohol; and school
performance will facilitate the development of effective community responses. (Data)
Recommendation: Seek data.
93
Juvenile Justice System
Legislative Issues:
Issue: Laws and policies that protect the privacy of juveniles often impair the
❖❖ necessary exchange of information between agencies and organizations that are striving
to serve the same child. This amounts to multiple systems that are not effectively
interfacing with each other. (Legislative)
Recommendation: Research the problem and assess whether changes in legislation and
policy can be made to facilitate the exchange of necessary
information without compromising the rights of children.
(Legislative)
Issue: Laws and policies that protect the privacy of juveniles often impair the
❖❖ necessary exchange of information between agencies involved in the
adjudicative process and agencies and organizations that are striving to
create more opportunities for youth to perform restitution or meaningful
community service that relates to the crime committed.
(Obj. Dec./Legislative)
Recommendation: The victim piece needs to be strengthened by looking at current
legislation relating to confidentiality and liability laws. (Obj. Dec.)
Systems Issues:
Issue: When Hawaii County youth are sent to Oahu's detention facility or the
❖❖ HYCF, Hale Ho'omalu, they are isolated from family supports and programs
established in their communities of origin. For example, youth who are affected by the
Felix Decree are separated from their caseworkers, medications, etc. This practice also
results in additional costs to transport staff from island to island. (Obj. Dec./L,eg.)
Recommendations: Alternatives such as tracking, electronic monitoring and other best
practices for youth who qualify for detention but may not pose a
serious threat to the community given adequate supervision and
programming should be explored. (Obj. Dec.)
An assessment center where evaluations would occur and resources
and wrap provisions authorized so qualified youth may remain in
enhanced community placements in lieu of detention. Discussion
needs to take place as to interagency collaboration in order to access
94
alternatives to detention through blended funding or utilizing hybrid
case management.
(Obj. Dec.)
Video conferencing/telecommunication capacity for certain hearings
for youth in detention home may also represent substantial savings
for the system. (Obj. Dec.)
A cost benefit analysis should be done regarding the efficacy of
building appropriate on-island facilities. (Leg.)
Issue: There is a need for more programs/services that address the underlying causes of
❖❖ status offenses such as truancy and running away. The bulk of these cases involve
runaways. Existing programs respond to the negative behavior without attempting to
alleviate the underlying causes of the behavior. (Resource/Leg.)
Recommendation: Do assessment.
Issue: Youth who are multi-agency involved, such as a probationer having legal
❖❖ status with Child Welfare Services and receiving high end mental health services from
the Department of Health's Family Guidance Center may have several social workers
involved who are driving their own treatment plans. While parties participate in
coordinated service planning it is primarily mental health directed.
Attempts to work together are made difficult by the facts that treatment funds are
appropriated by department rather than by child and one deputy attorney general is
assigned to represent all or almost all of the departments involved, despite sometimes
conflicting positions.
The Felix case exacerbates this situation and creates an immediacy to the need to
address it. (Obj. Dec./L,eg.)
Recommendations: An integrated model of care is needed. (Obj. Dec.)
A system-wide assessment instrument should be used at the first
contact with juvenile justice system.
(Obj. Dec.)
A pot of treatment funds should be allocated per child, rather than
by Department.
Additional legal staff should be made available to assist the various
Big Island Departments who serve children at-risk.
95
Issue: Re. Court reviews and motions to revoke probation: The options for the
❖❖ court are limited to the availability of community resources. There is a need for more
intermediate sanction programs and facilities. Youth may be institutionalized for the
purpose of accessing their array of services.
Youth need to be qualified as Felix class in order to access therapeutic programs such as
multi-systemic therapy and teaching family homes. There is heavy reliance on mental
health services and a limited array of graduated sanction programs for non-Felix youth.
(Obj. Dec.)
Recommendations: There needs to be more opportunities for youth to earn restitution or
perform meaningful community service that has a relation to the
crime committed.
Sources of funds to support programs such as forfeiture monies
should be explored.
Community and business engagement through education and
involvement needs to be worked on. (Obj. Dec.)
Community Resource Systems
Systems Issues:
Issues: Viable transportation for Hawaii County youth is needed. This
❖❖ transportation should enable youth to move to and from key destinations
of interest, including but not limited to, beaches, movies, recreation
centers, and employment. (Resource)
State law mandates that all 16-18 year olds must attend a driver's education course prior
to obtaining their driver's license. High Schools in Hawaii County lack sufficient
driver's education classes to meet the demand. Consequently, access to a driver's
license is reduced for those who cannot afford private classes. (Resource)
Recommendation: ?
Issue: The scope and nature of available services for youth in Hawaii County is
❖❖ constantly changing. However, it is critical for decision-makers to have an ongoing and
current knowledge of available resources and services. (Resource)
Recommendation: Identify an agency or organization that will undertake to compile
and maintain a County-wide registry, which lists all
programs/agencies/organizations that provide services for Hawaii
County youth. An example of such a County-wide registry, for
96
Hawaii County's senior population, is the Partners-in-Eldercare
Directory. (Resource)
Issues: How effective are current community programs in addressing the risk
❖❖ factors?
How do we establish that preventive measures are effective? What degree of
"reduction" is envisioned? After consider, the degree of reduction achieved, how cost-
effective are the programs?
What criteria are used to determine effectiveness? Should a community criteria of
effectiveness be established versus allowing programs to determine their own measures
of effectiveness?
What Really Works? There is a body of meta-analysis (combining of different research
studies to formulate an overall result of effectiveness) that has given rise to information
about effective programs. Do we set policies about program development based on
research effect program? (Resource)
Recommendation: Explore possibility of obtaining help from the State Legislative
Auditor or Legislative Reference Bureau regarding these issues.
Issue: On a macro level, how can we assure, on an ongoing basis, that the overall
❖❖ system response to youth at-risk is functioning in an optimal manner?
Recommendation: Explore possibility of obtaining help from the
State Legislative Auditor or Legislative Reference
Bureau regarding these issues.
97
OBSERVATIONS
As a result of the research and analysis, the Legislative, Policy, and Systems Workgroup offers the
following observations:
1. The vast majority of issues raised by the other Workgroups related to systems issues. Of
the fourteen total issues identified as priorities by the Workgroup, eleven related to
systems issues.
Overall, priority issues cited related to the following concerns:
- The need to maintain and assure the availability of information and data, both relating
to aggregate trends and relating to specific individuals;
- The need for agencies, organizations, families, and the community to work together to
address complex issues such as drug use, poverty, limited public transportation, and a
lack of positive recreational options;
- The need for greater and more effective coordination and communication among
multiple agencies serving a single child at-risk;
- Gaps in the overall system of care, including, a need for more programs that address
underlying causes of status offenses and a need for more intermediate sanctions; and
- The need to develop means to measure the effectiveness of individual agencies and
programs as well as the effectiveness of the overall system of all agencies and programs
that serve the needs of at-risk youth.
2. As a result of the significant prevalence of systems related issues, at the August 31, 2001
meeting, Workgroup participants recommended focusing on the underlying systems
challenges in order to improve services to youth. Because so many systems issues relate to
a need for greater communication and coordination, the following broad strategy was
suggested:
a. Gather key persons and agencies;
b. Develop a common vision of an appropriate outcome or solution;
c. Educate all partners regarding the function of the agencies involved to ascertain areas of
responsibility, overlaps, and gaps;
d. Build trust; and
e. Use laws and policies as tools to achieve outcomes rather than as outcomes in and of
themselves.
3. The Office of Youth Services has perhaps, the broadest statutory mandates regarding
youth-at-risk. (Chapter 352D, HRS). A comprehensive mandate is also apparent in laws
pertaining to the Department of the Attorney General, which however, assign it mandates
that relate specifically to the juvenile
98
justice system. (Sec. 28-10.5, HRS) State Law charges other major departments with
broad responsibilities regarding specific areas, such as education, health, human services,
and the court system, i.e. the Family Court.
It is of interest that the systems problems cited largely relate to the interface between the
work of the major departments, i.e DOE, DOH, DHS, and the Judiciary. The Office of
Youth Services statute, which articulates to some degree, a strategy for promoting
coordination among the work of the major departments should be revisited.
4. A review of the information provided by the other Workgroups also revealed a need to
develop means to measure the effectiveness of individual agencies and programs that serve
youth at-risk. This need to measure effectiveness applies as well to the overall system of
all agencies and programs that serve the needs of at-risk youth in the community. In many
cases, it is simply not clear whether individual programs, as well as the larger system, are
accomplishing the outcomes desired by the community.
5. We were able to resolve a number of"issues" simply through discussing them with
knowledgeable personnel who were interested in and committed to improving the system.
This was particularly true regarding Educational System issues. In the course of discussion,
key personnel were able to provide information that either led to a resolution of the
question or informed us that work on a solution was already underway.
6. It is evident that many Comprehensive Strategy participants have invested countless hours
of time in this project because they feel that it is worthwhile work that will benefit the
youth in the community. However, in order to maintain commitment and interest among
Comprehensive Strategies participants, it was suggested that the project's vision be
revisited at the next workshop.
This discussion should result in a re-energized overall picture of what Comprehensive
Strategies participants are striving to achieve. Further this vision should be broken down
into measurable outcomes, accompanied by timelines from beginning to end, and
workgroup assignments that are understood by participants. The understanding and
agreement that could result from such a dialogue would assist participants to measure their
progress, facilitate their ownership in the effort, and reinforce the sense that the
participation is accomplishing a useful end.
99
Appendix A
LEGISLATIVE, POLICY, AND SYSTEMS ISSUES
Priority issues are identified by the following mark: ❖❖
Educational System
Legislative Issues:
Issue: DOE is charged with implementing a drug policy that requires random urine analysis.
The law does not permit this practice so DOE is unable to implement this policy
effectively.
Recommendation: Research law, propose solution.
Policy Issues:
Issue: All DOE schools abide by a zero tolerance policy regarding alcohol/tobacco/drug use
and drugs and firearms. Data indicating how the various school districts implement
these policies with accompanying information relating to total violations of these school
policies would be useful. Data breaking down violations of zero tolerance drug policies
by type of drug, age of violator, and school district would also be informative. (Data)
Response: It appears that this information may be available from
the DOE. Recommend that the Data Workgroup follow-up with DOE
staff
Issue: Referrals for chronic absenteeism are also received from the school. The effectiveness
of intervention varies widely depending on the type of cases that schools bring to court.
(Obj. Dec.)
Response: It was suggested that the schools file petitions where court
intervention may make a difference such as the younger
student with serious family problems. (Obj. Dec.)
Staff from the Family Court and DOE will be meeting to
discuss and resolve this issue.
100
Appendix A continued
Systems Issues:
Issue: Teachers at grade levels from preschool through elementary school are a significant
non-family presence in the lives of most of Hawaii's youngsters. Consequently, they
are in a position to identify problems, make referrals to appropriate services, and play a
vital role in a therapeutic response. However, as their primary role is to educate
children, expectations of their roles must be realistic. (Resource/Leg.)
Response: Clarify teachers viable role. Provide teachers with
standardized responder training.
Need a system of programs to assist and support teachers to serve in this
critical role. (Resource)
C.S.S. is working on this issue.
101
Appendix A continued
Law Enforcement System
Legislative Issues:
None
Policy Issues:
None
Systems Issues:
Issue: Data on how many juveniles are arrested for firearm violations in Hawaii County is
unavailable. A clear sense of how firearms violations vary from County to County and
among juveniles of different ages would be useful for policy makers. (Data)
Recommendation: Work with Police and Attorney General's Office to obtain and
maintain this data.
102
Appendix A continued
Health and Human Services Systems
Legislative Issues:
None
Policy Issues:
Issue: Data on tobacco sales for Hawaii County is unavailable. Statewide aggregate sales
figures from distributors, do not allow comparisons between Counties. (Data)
Recommendation: Research whether the Hawaii County Tobacco
Coalition and/or the American Cancer Society might be sources of
this data. If not, work with the State of Hawaii to obtain this data.
Issue: The July 2001 issue of the Office of Justice Programs' "Juvenile Justice
❖❖ Bulletin," notes that a substantial body of research has established a profound
connection between childhood abuse and neglect and delinquency. In order to assess
whether Hawaii's child protective services practices are not exacerbating this problem,
data should be obtained that measures State agency practices and polices relating to
abused and neglected children. This should include but not be limited to: length of time
children spend in the "system;" number of transfers between foster parents per child;
number of children assigned to caseworkers; and correlation between involvement in
Hawaii's protective services system and later delinquency. (Data) (PRIORITY)
Recommendation: Explore how best to obtain data. Ascertain whether
State Legislative Auditor's Office has examined this issue. If not,
consider asking for assistance. Include best practices/standards as a
gauge for comparison.
Research whether the child protective services strategy known as
Structured Decision Making (described in July 2001 "Juvenile
Justice Bulletin" or other emerging best practices might be applied
in Hawaii's child protective services system.
Systems Issues:
Issue: Drug use and addiction among youth as well as their parents is a major
❖❖ problem in Hawaii County. (Youth) (PRIORITY)
Recommendations: Hawaii County needs to address the whole issue from
103
Appendix A continued
the standpoint of law enforcement, prevention, treatment, aftercare,
drug availability, and criminal prosecution, etc. (Youth)
Prevention efforts should be focused on children who are in the
,'middle-school" age group, such as those in the 6th through 10th
grades. (Leg.)
Recreational activities for young people, offer youth a positive
alternative to drug use. Groups should be encouraged to start new
prevention oriented activities, particularly for youth in the 6th
through the 10th grades. Existing organizations, such as the YMCA,
churches, sports organizations, etc., already provide such activities.
We need to support these organizations financially in the form of
providing needed resources such as building more fields for sports,
having public buildings that would be suitable for activities such as
concerts, dances, plays, etc. (Youth/Leg.)
Recommendations from: "Substance Abuse The Nations'Number
One Health Problem" Update Feb. 2001. Prepared by the
Shneider Institute for Health Policy, Brandeis University.
1. Increasing tobacco and alcohol taxes in Hawaii County may
reduce the use. Can a County tax be levied on tobacco and
alcohol? Could the tax fund be used to address reduction of use
and/or treatment with the youth? Notation, a 10 percent increase
is likely to reduce the teenage smoking by 7%. Besides the
discouragement factor, funds might be generate to address
program needs. More education programs to discourage underage
smoking and more should be spent on educating youth and adults
about the dangers of drugs.
104
Appendix A continued
2. Develop public awareness campaigns to increase the knowledge
and change community attitudes towards alcohol, tobacco and
drugs. The media usage by tobacco and alcohol industries to
promote their products have increased. The tobacco industry has
spent $6 billion in 1998, and the alcohol industry $1 billion in
1997. While we may not affect not a reduction on advertising
this County can do its own to promote anti alcohol, tobacco and
drug media education.
3. Basically there are two strategies to reducing illegal drugs: one is
to reduce the supply and the other the demand. Law enforcement
attempts to reduce the supply, the reduction of demand may be
accomplished through prevention, early intervention and
treatment services. More programs should be developed for
demand reduction.
4. Develop youth programs, such as peer counseling and gang
prevention. Life skills training on communication, problem
solving and stress management might assist in addressing some
of the motivators for drug usage.
5. Promote Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act
(SDFSCA) programs in the schools that address a better
understanding of the negative consequences of drug use.
6. Use the Franklin Reality Model of cognitive restructuring for
student skills development and drug choice intervention.
7. Utilize MADD and SADD more in respective community
environments such as the schools and the community. Media
campaigning may be part of this effort.
8. More enforcement against underage purchases of tobacco and
alcohol and/or recognition to businesses for their effort to
maintain the enforcement.
105
Appendix A continued
9. Revocation of driver's license after the second DUI conviction.
No reinStatement of the license. Provide community education
on the impact of transportation issues.
10. Stronger regulations to reduce teenage access to alcohol. Adults
who illegally give alcohol to minors should be penalized.
Issue: There are no residential substance abuse treatment facilities, detox units, or adequate
available community substance abuse treatment facilities in Hawaii County. (Resource)
Recommendation: Conduct a data-driven needs assessment.
Issue: Although counseling is needed by many youth, families are not able to afford the
service. Personal example: When a youngster was being tested for ADD in elementary
school, the family went to the counselor at Kaiser Medical Group (Kaiser). The mother
didn't care for the woman and the family could only use the person Kaiser paid for, so
the family paid to go to someone they felt comfortable with and could work with. They
couldn't afford to go for very long because a $60 an hour it became cost prohibitive.
(Youth)
Recommendation: ?
Issue: Some people who need counseling, do not recognize their need. (Youth)
Recommendation:Explore the feasibility of requiring students (and their families) who
have been suspended or in trouble with the Court to attend family
counseling. Explore utilizing the DOE or the Court system to
compel attendance. (Youth)
106
Appendix A continued
Issue: The data revealed that when compared to the rest of the State, a
❖❖ disproportionate numbers of Hawaii County families live in poverty. Data which
measures relational links between factors such as: income; number of parents in
household; domestic violence; child abuse; availability of drugs and alcohol; and school
performance will facilitate the development of effective community responses. (Data)
(PRIORITY)
Recommendation: Seek data.
Issue: Child Welfare Cases: Not infrequently there is confusion as to which
❖❖ agency has the lead role in making decisions involving child custody and placement.
This can be considered a primary concern in cases in which the child is a law violator
with mental or behavioral problems (i.e. substance abuse affected at the time the police
are notified) and family is known to be or believed to be dysfunctional. (Obj. Dec.)
(PRIORITY)
Recommendation: It is highly recommended that a"receiving home"
facility be opened in East Hawaii and in West Hawaii where
children can be placed at any time, night or day, and held for a
period of time. Personnel from all agencies involved can access the
youth, assess the situation, have preliminary input and then meet in
a multi-disciplinary team setting to establish roles and identify
appropriate placement. (Obj. Dec.)
107
Appendix A continued
Juvenile Justice System
Legislative Issues:
Issue: Laws and policies that protect the privacy of juveniles often impair the
❖❖ necessary exchange of information between agencies and organizations that are striving
to serve the same child. This amounts to multiple systems that are not interfacing with
each other. (Legislative) (PRIORITY)
Recommendation: Research the problem and assess whether changes in legislation and
policy can be made to facilitate the exchange of necessary
information without compromising the rights of children.
(Legislative)
Issue: Laws and policies that protect the privacy of juveniles often impair the
❖❖ necessary exchange of information between agencies involved the
adjudicative process and agencies and organizations that are striving to
create more opportunities for youth to perform restitution or meaningful
community service that relates to the crime committed.
(Obj. Dec./Legislative) (PRIORITY)
Recommendation: The victim piece needs to be strengthened by looking at current
legislation relating to confidentiality and liability laws. (Obj. Dec.)
Policy Issues:
Issue: Student participants in the Youth forum noted concern about conflict within the home
as well as a need for better family management practices. (Youth)
Recommendation: It would be helpful if classes were available for parents whose
children are in trouble with the law. (Youth)
108
Appendix A continued
Systems Issues:
Issue: Upon arrest,juveniles may be referred through several different channels.
(Obj. Dec.)
Recommendation: Develop a system-wide risk assessment/diversion matrix for youth
who enter the system and a comprehensive intake and assessment
center coupled with technology to access information systems.
(Obj. Dec.)
Issue: When Hawaii County youth are temporarily incarcerated on another
❖❖ island, i.e. are sent to Oahu's detention facility or the HYCF, Hale Ho'omalu, they are
isolated from family supports and programs from their communities of origin. Youth
who are affected by the Felix Decree are separated from their caseworker, medications,
etc. In all cases, this results in costs to transport staff (Obj. Dec.) (PRIORITY)
Recommendations: Alternatives such as tracking, electronic monitoring and other best
practices for youth who qualify for detention but may not pose a
serious threat to the community given adequate supervision and
programming should be explored. (Obj. Dec.)
An assessment center where evaluations would occur and resources
and wrap provisions authorized so qualified youth may remain in
enhanced community placements in lieu of detention. Discussion
needs to take place as to interagency collaboration in order to access
alternatives to detention through blended funding or utilizing hybrid
case management.
(Obj. Dec.)
Video conferencing/telecommunication capacity for certain hearings
for youth in detention home may also represent substantial savings
for the system. (Obj. Dec.)
A cost benefit analysis should be done regarding the efficacy of
building appropriate on-island facilities.
109
Appendix A continued
Issue: Re. screening, workload is increased due to the multifunction of the probation staff due
to the Family Court's discretion in placing under jurisdiction persons who are in need of
supervision, beyond parental control or are chronic school non-attenders. These cases
exhaust a disproportionate amount of time and resources at the sacrifice of law violation
referrals. (Obj. Dec.)
Recommendation: Family Court needs to identify its core mission and prioritize
provision of services. Community capacity should be encouraged to
address gaps in the diversion of status offenders and school non-
attenders and to prevent their further penetration into the system.
(Obj. Dec.)
Issue: There is a need for more programs/services that address the underlying causes of
❖❖ status offenses such as truancy and running away. The bulk of these cases involve
runaways. Existing programs respond to the negative behavior without attempting to
alleviate the underlying causes of the behavior. (Resource/Leg.) (PRIORITY)
Recommendation: Do assessment.
Issue: Waiver of jurisdiction hearings involves significant discretion.
Recommendation: Internal guidelines for the prosecutor to assist in decision making as
to filing waiver petitions.
(Obj. Dec.)
Issue: Youth who are multi-agency involved, such as a probationer having legal
❖❖ status with Child Welfare Services and receiving high end mental health services from
the Department of Health's Family Guidance Center may have several social workers
involved who are driving their own treatment plans. While parties participate in
coordinated service planning it is primarily mental health directed.
Attempts to work together are made difficult by the facts that treatment funds are
appropriated by department rather than by child and one deputy attorney general is
assigned to represent all or almost all of the departments involved, despite sometimes
conflicting positions.
The Felix case exacerbates this situation and creates an immediacy to the need to
address it. (Obj. Dec./L,eg.) (PRIORITIES)
Recommendations: An integrated model of care is needed. (Obj. Dec.)
110
Appendix A continued
A system-wide assessment instrument should be used at the first
contact with juvenile justice system.
(Obj. Dec.)
A pot of treatment funds should be allocated per child, rather than
by Department.
Additional legal staff should be made available to assist the various
Big Island Departments who serve children at-risk.
Issue: There is also a tendency for systems to rely on the court to order residential placements,
to enforce treatment compliance and to use detention home as a consequence for need
for more cooperation or as a holding place for youth who are awaiting therapeutic
placement. (Obj. Dec.)
Recommendation: A criteria is needed to determine where the system should bifurcate,
that is when a youth should be held accountable through violation of
probation or to be addressed at a higher level of care when
noncompliant in their mental health treatment plan. (Obj. Dec.)
Issue: Re. Court reviews and motions to revoke probation: The options for the
❖❖ court are limited to the availability of community resources. There is a need for more
intermediate sanction programs and facilities. Youth may be institutionalized for the
purpose of accessing their array of services.
Youth need to be qualified as Felix class in order to access therapeutic programs such as
multi-systemic therapy and teaching family homes. There is heavy reliance on mental
health services and a limited array of graduated sanction programs for non-Felix youth.
(Obj. Dec.) (PRIORITY)
Recommendations: There needs to be more opportunities for youth to earn restitution or
perform meaningful community service that has a relation to the
crime committed.
Sources of funds to support programs such as forfeiture monies
should be explored.
Community and business engagement through education and
involvement needs to be worked on. (Obj. Dec.)
III
Appendix A continued
Issue: Viable measurements of early and persistent anti-social behavior are needed. (Data)
Recommendation: Explore whether measuring number of repeat
juvenile offenses, persons in need of supervision offenses, or other
factors might be more predictive.
Issue: Hawaii County has a lower arrest, conviction and confinement recidivism rate
compared •3.3 to the Statewide means. (Obj. Dec.)
Recommendation: More research is needed to determine what these numbers represent
as to the effectiveness of post release supervision. (Obj. Dec.)
112
Appendix A continued
Community Resource Systems
Legislative Issues:
None
Policy Issues:
None
Systems Issues:
Issues: Viable transportation for Hawaii County youth is needed. This
❖❖ transportation should enable youth to move to and from key destinations
of interest, including but not limited to, beaches, movies, recreation
centers, and employment. (Resource)
State law mandates that all 16-18 year olds must attend a driver's education course prior
to obtaining their driver's license. High Schools in Hawaii County lack sufficient
driver's education classes to meet the demand. Consequently, access to a driver's
license is reduced for those who cannot afford private classes. (Resource)
(PRIORITY)
Recommendation: ?
Issue: The scope and nature of available services for youth in Hawaii County is
❖❖ constantly changing. However, it is critical for decision-makers to have an ongoing and
current knowledge of available resources and services. (Resource) (PRIORITY)
Recommendation: Identify an agency or organization that will undertake to compile
and maintain a County-wide registry, which lists all
programs/agencies/organizations that provide services for Hawaii
County youth. An example of such a County-wide registry, for
Hawaii County's senior population, is the Partners-in-Eldercare
Directory. (Resource)
113
Appendix A continued
Issues: How effective are current community programs in addressing the risk
❖❖ factors? (PRIORITY)
How do we establish that preventive measures are effective? What degree of
"reduction" is envisioned? After consider, the degree of reduction achieved, how cost-
effective are the programs?
What criteria are used to determine effectiveness? Should a community criterion of
effectiveness be established versus allowing programs to determine their own measures
of effectiveness?
What Really Works? There is a body of meta-analysis (combining of different research
studies to formulate an overall result of effectiveness) that has given rise to information
about effective programs. Do we set policies about program development based on
research effect program? (Resource)
Recommendation: Explore possibility of obtaining help from the State Legislative
Auditor or Legislative Reference Bureau regarding these issues.
Issue: On a macro level, how can we assure, on an ongoing basis, that the overall
❖❖ system response to youth at risk is functioning in an optimal manner?
(PRIORITY)
Recommendation: Explore possibility of obtaining help from the
State Legislative Auditor or Legislative Reference
Bureau regarding these issues.
Issue: The data group had some difficulty in acquiring data on different areas as agencies do
not collect information in a format that makes it readily usable. (Resource)
Recommendation: In order to provide for effective intervention or prevention
programming, better community assessment tools may be needed
with better data. In other words, a good assessment would provide a
better fit for prevention and intervention services within the
community needs area. (Resource)
114
Appendix B
LAWS RELATING TO HAWAII'S YOUTH
A Partial List of Laws that Pertain to Hawaii's Youth.
STATE CONSTITUTION
Article I-Bill of Rights
Ri,-hts of Individuals
"All persons are free by nature and are equal in their inherent and inalienable rights. Among
these rights are the enjoyment of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, and the acquiring and
possessing of property. These rights cannot endure unless the people recognize their
corresponding obligations and responsibilities. "
Article IX-Public Health and Welfare
Public Health
The State shall provide for the protection and promotion of the
public health. "
Public Assistance
"Section 3. The State shall have the power to provide financial assistance, medical assistance and
social services for persons who are found to be in need of and are eligible for such assistance and
services as provided by law. "
Article X-Education
Public Education
"Section 1. The State shall provide for the establishment, support and control of a Statewide
system of public schools free from sectarian control, a State university,public libraries and such
other educational institutions as may be deemed desirable, including physical facilities thereof.
There shall be no discrimination in public educational institutions because of race, religion, sex or
ancestry; nor shall public funds be appropriated for the support or benefit of any sectarian or
private educational institution. "
115
Appendix B continued
HAWAII REVISED STATUTES
Title 4. State Organization and Administration, Generally
Chapter 27. State Functions and Responsibilities
Sec. 27-11: Planning, construction, and improvements of public school facilities
and grounds; custodial and janitorial services for public schools; transportation of
school children.
Sec. 27-26: Junior police officer training programs.
Chapter 28. Attorney General
Sec. 28-5: Aids poor
"The attorney general shall give counsel and aid to poor and oppressed citizens of
the State and assist them in obtaining their just rights without charge; provided
that the attorney general shall not be obliged to render such aid, counsel, and
assistance, unless requested so to do by the governor, or by some one of the heads
of department."
Sec. 28-10.5: Criminal and juvenile justice resource coordination;
administrator and staff
"(a) The department of the attorney general shall serve as the clearinghouse for
information on financial and nonfinancial resources that may be available to
assist in improving the delivery or coordination of services under, or the
implementation of, programs of the criminal justice and juvenile justice systems
and agencies and shall develop, update, and coordinate the implementation of a
comprehensive Statewide plan of programs and priorities for the improvement
of law enforcement and criminal justice, including the prevention and control of
juvenile delinquency. In addition, the department may:
(1) Seek, apply for, and administer federal funding and other resources to
enhance and expand the capabilities of the criminal and juvenile
justice agencies;
(2) Coordinate and assess information on a Statewide basis for the
development of policies to improve the criminal justice and juvenile
justice systems and programs; and
116
Appendix B continued
(3) Administer State-funded criminal and juvenile justice programs as
specifically directed by law or as may be implied through the
appropriation of funds. . . .
Sec. 28-10.6: Crime research, prevention, and education; administrator and staff
Sec. 28-121: Hawaii State clearinghouse for missing children; programs
Sec. 28-122: Hawaii missing children's clearinghouse trust fund.
Title 8. Public Proceedings and Records
Chapter 92F—Uniform Information Practices Act
Sec. 92F-21: Disclosure of Personal Records
Title 16. Intoxicating Liquor
Chapter 281. Intoxicating Liquor
Sec. 281-4: Liquor consumption on unlicensed premises prohibited, when.
Subject: Subsection (c) includes prohibition against sales of
liquor to minors.
Sec. 281-101.5: Prohibitions involving minors; penalty.
Title 17. Motor and Other Vehicles
Chapter 286—Highway Safety
Sec. 286-104: What persons shall not be licensed.
Subject: Sets minimum age of eligibility to obtain license.
Sec. 286-112: Application of minors; liability of parents or guardian.
Sec. 286-113: Release from liability.
Sec. 286-114: Revocation of license or instruction permit upon death of person signing minor's
application.
117
Appendix B continued
Title 18. Education
Chapter 296. Department of Education
Part IIZ Supplementary Services
Sec. 296.41: Dental hygiene instruction.
Subject: Provides that DOE shall provide preventive
dental hygiene instruction in public schools.
Sec. 296.42: Nutrition workers.
Subject: Provides that superintendent may appoint two
nutrition workers.
Sec. 296.42: School lunches.
Subject: Provides that school lunches will be made available in schools where
students are required to eat lunch at school.
Sec. 296-45: Transportation of school children.
Sec. 296-49: After-school and weekend programs.
Part IV. Sex Bias
Sec. 296-61: Student bias.
Subject: Prohibits bias on the basis of sex.
See also sec. 296-60 for findings.
Part V. Violence
Sec. 296-71: Reporting of crime-related incidents.
Sec. 296-72: Indemnity upon reporting
118
Appendix B continued
Part VI. Early Education
Sec. 296-81: Policy.
Subject: Provides that DOE shall develop plan for early education which shall
be implemented and available Statewide by January 1, 2000.
Sec. 296-82: Early education defined.
Sec. 296-83: Quality early education plan.
Subject: Provides that DOE plan shall focus on children aged four to eight
years old, standards and criteria shall be based on national standards
and needs of Hawaii's children, DOE shall work with DHS, DOH,
Office of Children and Youth, and others.
Part VII. Educational Assessment and Accountability
Sec. 296-92: Educational assessment and accountability; annual reports.
Chapter 296C. School/Community-Based Management
Secs. 296C-1 through 296C-8
Chapter 298. Schools and Attendance, Generally.
Sec. 298-9: Attendance compulsory; exceptions.
Sec. 298-11: Exclusion from school.
Sec. 298-12: Penalty.
Subject: Establishes penalty of petty misdemeanor for parent, guardian, or
responsible party's need for more proper diligence to enforce child's
regular attendance at school.
Sec. 298-13: Enforcement.
Sec. 298-13.5: Attendance records; availability to authorized police officers.
Sec. 298-15: Religious education.
119
Appendix B continued
Sec. 298-15.5: Religious holy days.
Sec. 298-16: Punishment of pupils limited.
Sec. 298-19: Records of pupils; release from attendance.
Sec. 298-27: Vandalism damage to public school property.
Chapter 301. Other Special Training
Part IL Exceptional Children
Sec. 301-21 through 301-28.
Part III Gifted and Talented Children
Secs. 301-31 through 301-34
Title 19. Health
Chapter 321. Department of Health
Sec. 321-36: Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention
Sec. 321-51: Children with Special Health needs
Sec. 321-171: Mental Health Services for Children and Youth
Sec. 321-191: Substance Abuse
Chapter 321D. Interdepartmental Cluster of Services for Children
Sec. 321D-1
Chapter 333E. Developmental Disabilities
Sec. 333E-1
120
Appendix B continued
Chapter 334. Mental health, Mental Illness, Drug Addiction, and Alcoholism
Chapter 334B. Utilization Review and Managed Care of Mental Health, Alcohol,
or Drug Abuse Treatment
Chapter 334E. Rights of Recipients of Mental Health Services
Chapter 338. Vital Statistics
Title 20. Social Services
Chapter 346. Department of Human Services
Part I. General and Administrative Provisions
Sec. 346-4.5: Investigators; Authority and Access to Records
Sec. 346-10: Protection of Records; Divulging Confidential
Information Prohibited
Sec. 346-17: Child Placing Organizations, Child Caring Institutions, and
Foster Boarding Homes; Authority Over and Investigation of
Sec. 346-17.5: Federal Aid to Children in Foster Care
Sec. 346-40: Maintenance and Availability of Records; Penalty
Sec. 346-45: Confidentiality of Court Records
Part II. Specific Provisions Covering Public Assistance and
Child Welfare Services
Secs. 346-51 to 346-66
Part VIII. Child Care Facilities
Secs. 346-151 to 346-177
121
Appendix B continued
Part XII. Adoption Assistance
Secs. 346-301 to 346-305
Chapter 350. Child Abuse
Secs. 350-1 to 350-6
Chapter 350B. Hawaii Children's Trust Fund
Secs. 350B-1 to 350B-7
Chapter 350C. Adoption Assistance Compact and Procedures for InterState
Services Payments
Secs. 350C-1 to 350C-7
Chapter 350E. InterState Compact on Placement of Children
Secs. 350E-1 to 350E-9
Chapter 352. Hawaii Youth Correctional Facility
Secs. 352-1 to 3 52-3 1
Chapter 352D. Office of Youth Services
Secs. 35213-1 to 35213-10
Title 21. Labor and Industrial Relations
Chapter 390. Child Labor Law
122
Appendix B continued
Title 30. Guardians and Trustees
Chapter 551A. Office of the Public Guardian
Subject: Office of the Public Guardian
Title 30A. Uniform Probate Code
Chapter 560. Article V: Protection of Persons Under Disability and Their Property
Subject: Guardianships
Title 31. Family
Chapter 571. Family Courts
Subject: Establishes Family Court; defines jurisdiction of court;
defines court procedures, describes circumstances under which parental
rights may be terminated, and provides that any police chief may establish
a juvenile crime prevention bureau.
Chapter 576D. Child Support Enforcement
Subject: Child Support.
Related: Chapter 576, HRS, Uniform Reciprocal Enforcement of Support Act&
Chapter 576E, HRS, Administrative Process for Child Support
Enforcement
Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code
Chapter 707. Child Abuse
Chapter 709. Offenses Against the Family and Against Incompetents
Chapter 846. Hawaii Criminal Justice Data Center
Chapter 846D. Juvenile Justice Information System
123
124
Objective Decision
Making
Juvenile Justice
Comprehensive Strategic Plan
Hawaii County
126
INTRODUCTION
The role of the Objective Decision Making Work Group is to map the current juvenile justice
system to identify the critical decision points and to document the current decision making processes
(objective, multi disciplinary teams, subjective recommendations, staff expertise, etc.)used at each
decision point. The Work Group identifies who makes the decision/recommendation, what data is
collected and how the data is used with particular attention to duplication in data collection, variations
in definitions of terms, and time required to complete each process. This is not an inventory of the
programs or options, but of the processes by which youth are placed or moved through the system.
Objective decision making implies that the juvenile should move along the continuum of
phases from early intervention to intermediate sanctions to secure corrections. Risk and Needs
Assessments are used to determine appropriate placement to ensure "the right program for the right
youth at the right time". The sanctions increase as the severity of the offense or number of offenses
occur. Accountability and follow through are a crucial part of the process.
PRIORITY WORKGROUP RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Determine the feasibility of"receiving home" facilities in East and West Hawaii where children
may be placed at any time, night or day and held for a period time. This service will alleviate the
police from holding youth in their custody and relieve them from determining which agency has
the lead role in placement and services. Personnel from all agencies involved can access the youth,
assess the situation, have preliminary input and meet in a multi-disciplinary team setting to
establish roles and identify appropriate placement.
2. An integrated model of care is needed. The situation remains where youth with multi-agency
involvement may have several social workers from different agencies implementing different
treatment plans. While parties participate in coordinated service planning it is currently only for
youth that are involved with the *Felix Consent Decree and it is primarily mental health directed.
Cross training opportunities need to be created. Discussions should be held as to the possibilities of
blended funding and ways to streamline access to confidential information in order to better serve
children and their families.
3. Need for more resources. Youth need to be qualified as Felix class to access therapeutic programs
such as multi-systemic therapy and teaching family homes. There is heavy reliance on mental
health services and a limited array of graduated sanctions for non-Felix youth. There needs to be
more opportunities for youth to earn restitution and perform meaningful community service that
has a relation to the crime committed. The victim piece needs to be strengthened by looking at
current legislation relating to confidentiality and liability laws. Sources of funds to support
programs such as forfeiture monies should be explored. Community and business engagement
through education and involvement needs to be worked on. Access to substance abuse urinalysis
and treatment and Juvenile Sex Offender treatment are particular concerns.
4. Runaways and chronic school non-attendees are an under served population. There is no agency
that has the capacity to address the broad scope of status offender services at this time,
*Federal Court order requiring the State of Hawaii to provide services to eligible individuals under the"Americans
with Disabilities Act(ADA)", Section 504 in need of mental health services.
127
The discussion that follows describes how youth enter the Hawaii County Juvenile Justice System.
The Child Welfare Services, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services and the Department of
Education systems follow.
The Decision Makers for Referrals and/or Arrest
Law Enforcement Officers
Family Court Judge
District Traffic Court Judge
The Hawaii County Office of the Prosecutors
Family Court Intake Unit
Department of Education
Child and Adolescent Mental Health Division (Family Guidance Center)
Child Welfare Services
Salvation Army's Family Intervention Services' Project Ho'okala
LAW ENFORCEMENT
Decision Makers:
Police Officers
Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Decision Making Tools:
Hawaii County Code and Ordinances
Hawaii Revised Statutes, as amended
Criminal Law Probable Cause Requirements
Juvenile Procedural Guide for Law Enforcement Prosecutor's Manual: National Prosecution Standards
Office of the Prosecuting Attorney In-House Manual
The Decision Making Process:
Section 803-5 of the Hawaii Revised Statutes, as amended gives police officers the authority to take
any person into custody. The arrest must be based on probable cause, that is there must be sufficient
evidence to show that the youth committed the offense charged. This may be determined by the
offense being committed in the presence of the officer or through information obtained by the victim or
witnesses.
Once the youth is arrested, the officer has several options. For status offenses, the officer completes a
report and forwards it to the Family Court. The youth is returned home or if the parent or guardian is
unavailable or refuses custody, a referral is made to The Salvation Army's Family Intervention
Service's Project Ho'okala. For traffic violations, a citation for appearance in Traffic Court is issued.
First time misdemeanor offenders are routed to the Hawaii Island Teen Court. West Hawaii police
divert first time alcohol related offenders to participate in alcohol education and restorative
community service in their internal program called Project Impact in lieu of the traditional arrest and
charge. Reports for repeating misdemeanor offenders are routed to Family Court. Felony charges are
sent to the Office of the Prosecutor to determine whether there is legal sufficiency to sustain the
charge, that is proof beyond a reasonable doubt. The probation officer also seeks consultation with the
128
Office of the Prosecutor for decisions to petition petty misdemeanor and misdemeanor cases. For more
serious offenses and bench warrants, an intake probation officer in consultation with the police and
deputy prosecutor determines whether the youth is detained, sheltered or released to his or her parent
or guardian (HRS 571-31.1).
Recommendations:
A system-wide risk assessment/diversion matrix for youth who enter the system and a comprehensive
intake and assessment center coupled with technology to access information systems.
The police have tracked recidivism rates for Project Impact and report that the program has
successfully met outcomes in reducing the rates of re-arrest for underage alcohol use. County-wide
access to Project Impact is recommended.
DETENTION
Decision Makers:
Intake Probation Officers
Family Court Judge
Deputy Prosecutor
Defense Attorney
Decision Making Tools:
Family Court Rules
Hawaii Revised Statutes
Criminal Law Probable Cause Requirements
Shelter and Detention Criteria
Decision Making Process:
Temporary Detention: The charging decision is made prior to the acceptance of the youth into secure
custody. The State of Hawaii has a unified court system and a single detention facility located on the
island of Oahu. Neighbor island circuits, such as Hawaii County hold juveniles in temporary cells
until the next day for court. On weekends, law enforcement or probation officers escort the juveniles
by air to the detention facility on Oahu if they need to be held beyond 24 hours. The juvenile is
returned to Hawaii County for his or her initial and subsequent detention hearing.
Hawaii County is in compliance with federal guidelines for deinstitutionalization of status offenders,
sight and sound separation of juveniles in lockups and jail removal jail and lockups.
Detention Hearing: If a juvenile is secured a detention hearing is held within twenty-four hours
excluding court holidays and weekends. The minor is served with a petition or motion for revocation
of probation. The juvenile is entitled to have a judge determine whether there is sufficient probably
cause to continue holding him or her. A Probation Officer's Report is submitted to the court that
addresses the severity and frequency of the alleged violations, offense history, whether previous
control measures have failed, if there is some one who is willing to appropriately supervise the juvenile
and the likelihood of the minor absconding or re-offending.
129
If the Family Court makes a finding of detention, rehearing is scheduled for 7 days or to an
adjudication or disposition court date. The court may also release the juvenile into an appropriate
placement or with orders to follow certain conditions.
Videoconferencing capacity to hear certain cases for youth in Detention Home is a technological asset
that is available on both sides of the island. Videoconferencing capacity needs to be developed at the
Detention Home for this process to work for juveniles.
Recommendations:
Hawaii County has a paucity of Department of Public Safety deputy sheriffs that are available for off
hour response for temporary detention. The Department of Public Safety should augment their
resources with a private security contract in order to provide greater responsiveness to the police for
release of minors in their custody to detention and to provide a level of safety and security that may not
otherwise be provided by probation officers who are social workers and not correctional officers.
When Hawaii County youth are sent to Oahu's detention facility, Hale Ho'omalu they are isolated
from family supports and programs from their communities of origin. Alternatives such as tracking,
electronic monitoring and other best practices for youth who qualify for detention but may not pose a
serious threat to the community given adequate supervision and programming should be explored.
An assessment center where evaluations would occur and resources and wrap provisions authorized so
qualified youth may remain in enhanced community placements in lieu of detention. Discussion needs
to take place as to interagency collaboration in order to access alternatives to detention through
blended funding or utilizing hybrid case management.
There is healthy discussion as to whether a detention facility/program should be localized on the Big
Island, which should be explored through quantitative analysis.
INTAKE
Decision Makers:
Juvenile Probation Supervisors
Deputy Prosecuting Attorney
Family Court Judge
Decision Making Tools:
Teen Court criteria
Informal adjustment guidelines
Hawaii Revised Statutes
Criminal Law Probable Cause requirements
Family Court Judge's discretion
Decision Making Process:
Screening: Felony cases that are routed by the police after investigation are screened by a designated
Family Court deputy for final charging and petitioning. The Family Court deputy also determines
whether to initiate waiver of jurisdiction petition for transfer to adult criminal court.
130
Misdemeanor charges are sent by the police to Family Court. The probation officer utilizes informal
adjustment guidelines to determine whether the matter is to be adjusted or routed to the Deputy
Prosecuting Attorney for a charging decision. The probation officer initiates misdemeanor petitioning.
The intake probation supervisor schedules law violation petitions anywhere from several days to two
months from the receipt of a law violation petition depending of seriousness of the offense.
Status offenses such as runaway and curfew are diverted to The Salvation Army Family Intervention
Services' (SAFIS) Project Ho'okala. School Nonattendance petitions are filed and set for hearing. A
handful of referrals for those repeating 17 year old youth with no prospect of graduating are diverted to
SAFIS. There are no Family Court staff supports dedicated to address these types of referrals.
Staff and resource limitations make it impossible for Family Court to place each status offender and
law violator under court jurisdiction and supervision. Most cases need to be referred elsewhere. Some
cases require more time and resources than others.
Recommendations:
Family Court needs to identify its core mission and prioritize the provision of services. Community
capacity should be encouraged to address gaps in the diversion of status offenders and school non-
attendees. The family court should take jurisdiction and assume supervisory responsibility for the
status offenders only when such action is necessary to insure the safety of the child. All children that
enter the family Court system should receive an appropriate risk assessment before they are diverted or
petitioned to Family Court.
COURT HEARINGS
Decision Maker:
Family Court Judge
Decision Making Tools:
Family Court Rules
Hawaii Revised Statutes as amended
Judge's Bench book
All submitted evidence and arguments
Youth Level of Service Inventory
Decision Making Process:
Waiver of Jurisdiction Hearing: Upon the filing of a motion for waiver of jurisdiction to adult
criminal court, the probation officer arranges a forensic evaluation and conducts a full investigation
that addresses the statutory criteria (HRS 571-22). The Family Court certifies whether the case should
remain in Family Court or transferred to Adult Criminal Court. Cases may range from certification of
adults who have committed acts as juveniles to youth of any age who are accused of murder and
attempted murder of the first and second degree. Transfer of a minor for criminal proceedings confers
jurisdiction to that court in respect to any subsequent acts.
131
Adjudication Hearing: The minor appears for an initial hearing with his or her parents and if counsel
has not been appointed or if the minor is represented by an attorney and a denial is entered, a further
proceeding hearing is set on average in 3 to 4 weeks. Typically, a plea agreement is reached and the
minor is scheduled for a disposition hearing. Pre-disposition orders may include letters of apology,
referral for a restitution determination, and any form of assessment such as mental health or a
substance abuse evaluation. Upon denial of the charge, trial is placed on the calendar. If the minor is
in detention, trial is set within 15 days unless there is an agreement for a more extended period. A
finding of responsibility is based on the allegations proven to be true beyond a reasonable doubt.
Disposition is set in six weeks for detainees. If the juvenile is not detained, disposition is scheduled in
eight weeks.
Disposition Hearing: Once the court finds the minor to be within the jurisdiction of the court as a law
violator or status offender, the court may order a social study to be conducted. The report addresses
the harm that was done and the impact of the crime on the victim and the community. An investigation
is conducted as to restitution. The study investigates the minor's past and current adjustment at home,
in the community and in school. Historical data is collected as to previous referrals, family situation,
physical and mental health of the minor and involvement with other service providers. Appended are
mental heath, school and other relevant reports and assessments. If a social study is not ordered, the
minor may be counseled and released or disposition may be made an informal adjustment.
Balanced and restorative justice principles are addressed in how to make the offender accountable for
the crime that was committed and to repair the harm by apology, community service and monetary
restitution. The court may also order the youth to attend Victim Impact Classes or other similar
programs that may be available in the future. Competency development is through school attendance
or participation in skill based programs. Community safety conditions may include curfews and
restrictions, supervision requirements and no-contact orders.
For youth who have mental health and educational needs, they are court ordered to participate in
programs that are provided by the respective agencies responsible for such delivery of services.
The Youth Level of Service Inventory is currently being validated as an assessment tool to guide court
recommendations, assess risk and needs, and to standardize case management and workload
distribution. In addition, there is work in progress in the development of a localized tool, the Juvenile
Risk and Needs Assessment to determine whether community placement or correctional facility
commitment is appropriate. Both of these tools are currently being used on a small scale.
Recommendations:
Many of the youth at risk are involved with several State agencies. A juvenile court probationer may
also be the subject of a child protective services case. The same youth may also receive "high end"
mental health services from the Department of Health's Family Guidance Center or"low end" school
based mental health services from the Department of Education. Several social workers may be
involved with one family and each may be driving their own treatment plan causing confusion and
unnecessary duplication of effort. At present most coordinated service planning is mental health
directed. A more holistic and integrated model of care and system of delivery is needed.
A recent decision of the Hawaii Supreme Court has called into question the power of he family Court
to order some State agencies to provide specific services for children. Discussions need to take place
between all affected State agencies to insure that youth receive a seamless array of necessary services.
If this does not occur, some essential services such as juvenile sex offender treatment and substance
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abuse treatment may not be available to youth who urgently require such services. A child should not
be confined at the Hawaii Youth Correctional Facility solely because the State of Hawaii has failed to
provide the child with services that are necessary to maintain the child in the community safely.
Criteria are needed to determine where the system should bifurcate, that is when a youth should be
held accountable through violation of probation or to be addressed at a higher level of care when
noncompliant in their mental health treatment plan
A system-wide assessment instrument should be used at the first contact with juvenile justice system.
There is a need for more skill based programs to build competencies and core abilities.
Court Reviews and Motion to Revoke Probation: The Court holds periodic reviews to monitor a
probationer's compliance to conditions and to review the status of youth who are in out of home
placements. If a probationer violates a rule of probation or commits a new offense, the minor may be
subject of revocation of probation and subsequent disposition. The subsequent disposition may result
in modified terms of probation or have his or her probation revoked and committed to the youth
correctional facility. Motions to revoke probation must allege that the youth has failed to comply with
a substantial requirement imposed as a condition of probation. The failure to comply must be
inexcusable. Motions are accompanied by a probation officer's report outlining the nature of the
violation. Requests for bench warrant for arrest and placement in shelter or detention pending hearing
may be made to secure minor's appearance.
At the revocation hearing, the minor is afforded due process with the finding based on a preponderance
of evidence as opposed to beyond a reasonable doubt. The options of the court are always limited by
the availability of community resources. There is a need for more intermediate sanction programs and
facilities. On occasion youth may be sentenced to the correctional facility for the purpose of accessing
their array of services not available in the community.
Recommendations:
Youth need to be qualified as Felix class in order to access therapeutic programs such as multi-
systemic therapy and teaching family homes. There is heavy reliance on mental health services and a
limited array of graduated sanction programs for non-Felix youth. There need to be more opportunities
for youth to earn restitution or perform meaningful community service that has a relation to the crime
committed. The victim piece needs to be strengthened by looking at current legislation relating to
confidentiality and liability laws. Sources of funds to support programs such as forfeiture monies
should be explored. Community and business engagement through education and involvement needs
to be worked on.
Purchase of Service Contractors: The Salvation Army Family Intervention Services for shelter and
long term placements; Hawaii Island YWCA Teen Court; Turning Point for Families - Alternatives to
Violence; limited urinalysis monies for indigent families; Catholic Charities Juvenile Sex Offender
Program; Kui Kahi Mediation (YMCA).
HAWAII YOUTH CORRECTIONAL FACILITY
Decision Makers:
Parole Hearing Officer
Parole Officer
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Multi-disciplinary Team
(Teachers, Mental Health Care Coordinator, staff psychologist)
Decision Making Tools:
HCYF Administrative Policy
Court reports
Educational reports
Assessments and evaluations of the ward
Offense/incident reports
Commitment: While the Family court may retain the jurisdiction over an individual until age 20, the
court has no authority to order confinement after age 19. As a result, any services received by the
youth until age 20 are essentially voluntary in nature. Youth may be committed to the HYCF for short
terms less than one year, to their minority or to age 19 or 20 where legal custody is vested to the
Executive Director of the Office of Youth Services.
Youth who are committed for less than 30 days routinely do not receive assessments and receive
tutoring rather than attending the facility's Olomana School. There is no facility generated step down
planning done due to the limited time the youth is remanded to the custody of the OYS director.
Initial diagnostic meetings are scheduled upon the youth's arrival. Members of the team are the mental
health care coordinator if the ward is Felix class, educators from Olomana School, the HYCF social
worker and parole agent. Documents reviewed are psychological/psychiatric evaluations, court reports
and educational records. All wards undergo substance abuse and psychological risk assessments.
For qualified youth, Individual Evaluation Plans, Modification Plans and Coordinated Service Plans
are held separately with their findings provided to the diagnostic team.
The diagnostic team recommends types of programs and services, level of service provisions and
supervision while the ward is in the facility and in community release planning. Discussion is held
with providers as to the appropriateness of their program in meeting the ward's needs and in
conjunction with the supports given by the parole agent.
Review diagnostic meetings are scheduled every three months or sooner. The team evaluates the
youth's progress or lack thereof and makes adjustments, calls for further assessments and develops
transition plans for discharge.
Furlough is an unescorted release into the community of short duration for purposes such as medical
treatment, educational purposes or employment. The ward may also participate in a daily release and
return program. If a youth elopes during furlough, the ward is arrested by police, charged with escape
and returned without due process to the facility.
Parole is a conditional release from the HYCF, generally for longer duration than furlough. The
diagnostic team determines the goals the ward needs to meet to qualify for parole, such as educational
milestones, cottage and school conduct, and participation and progress in-facility programs. If a
violation occurs, a detention order alleging the violation of the terms of parole from the facility is
issued. Upon police arrest, the ward is returned to the facility and within 30 days a detention hearing
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and revocation hearing is heard. The ward may request counsel. Members of the hearing are the ward,
counsel, the parole officer and the chairman of the hearing, the parole administrator. If a denial is
entered, parties have the right to call witnesses and produce witnesses. Upon admission or the
chairman making a determination that the ward has violated parole beyond a reasonable doubt, the
chair may suspend parole until a more appropriate program or placement can be found, or revoke
parole. Revocation results in diagnostic process with a review held within 60 days.
Within three months of the expiration of the order of commitment, letters of notification of the ward's
impending discharge are sent to the parent, committing circuit court, police and prosecutor. Discharge
occurs when the commitment period expires.
Third Circuit Family Court has a proportionate commitment rate to its juvenile population and a low
recommitment rate. As compared to other circuits there is a significant number of youth committed to
age 19. Hawaii County has a lower arrest, conviction and confinement recidivism rate compared to the
Statewide means. More research is needed to determine what these numbers represent as to the
effectiveness of post release supervision.
Recommendations:
Develop a better system of tracking and supervision for youth on parole and furlough(revisit moving
this responsibility back to juvenile court and probation with appropriate funding).
Develop a Statewide system for notifying all police departments and probation departments about
youth who are absent without authority from the DH, HYCF and hospitalization placements.
Develop comprehensive strategy
Develop continuum of sanctions
Implement research based programs that have demonstrated to effective in reducing recidivism
Utilize objective risk and needs assessment process
Purchase of Service Contractors:
Residential placements: Child and Family Services Group Homes (Teen Living Care Program/Foster
Care Model); Hale Kipa Inc. - Hanai Homes, Independent Living Program; Hale `Opio Kauai Inc.
(Group Home/Foster Home); John Howard Association of Hawaii Hui Ola Transitional Group Home;
Maui Farms Group Home; Maui Youth and Family Services Independent Living Program and Group
Home; The Salvation Army Family Intervention Services Group Home and Independent Living
Program
Services: Hale Kipa tracking program, Kalihi YMCA substance abuse assessment and services.
CHILD WELFARE SERVICES:
Decision Makers:
Law Enforcement
Department of Health Social Worker
Family Court
Parents
Service Providers
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Decision Making Tools:
HRS 587
HAR 17-920.1
Department of Health Procedures
Evaluations, Assessments, and Reports
Family History
Decision Making Process:
The police officer makes the initial decision to return or not to return a youth to the parent or care
giver. The officer has two options in which Child Welfare Services (CWS) may be involved:
Release youth to parent care giver with report to CWS Intake due to concern involving harm or
threat of harm.
a) CWS will follow up with the family if warranted within a reasonable period of time based on
risk assessment or current involvement with the family (High/Severe risk of harm per Risk Matrix).
b) CWS will refer the family out for diversion services for follow up (Moderate/Low risk of harm
per Risk Matrix).
C) CWS will route intake "For Information Only" if deemed low risk per Risk Matrix.
Youth not able to be released to parent/care giver.
a) Police custody by police officer assumed without court order if concern exists due to harm or
threat of harm by the care giver. "If in the discretion of the police officer, the child is in such
circumstance or condition that the child's continuing in the custody of the child's family presents a
situation of imminent harm to the child (HRS 587-22). Upon completion of transfer of protective
custody, the Department of Human Services (DHS) shall automatically assume temporary
custody of the child."
Concern is based on Mental Health issues. The police officer notifies Hawaii Community Health
Services for immediate assessment and assistance. If the youth is assesed to be a danger to self or
others, then transport to the hospital or emergency room procedures will be followed to have the youth
stabilized or committed. An intake to CWS may still be warranted for follow up regarding child abuse
or neglect issues as required by Mandated Reporters (HRS 350).
The child is released to CWS and investigation is initiated HRS 587-21).
Protective custody has been assumed (HRS 587-24) or legal custodial care giver has signed a
Voluntary Foster Custody Agreement (HRS 587-21(b)(2). Placement is arranged in a DHS
licensed foster home or emergency shelter home (The Salvation Army Intervention Services Hilo
or Kona shelter) or special licensed foster home (i.e usually a relative who has passed essential
background checks).
a) If protective custody has been assumed, the CWS worker must file a petition within 72 hours
(three working days) to substantiate cause for concern in regard to the family's ability to provide the
child with a safe family home. The social worker submits a social study (Safe Family Home Report)
based on the Safe Family Homes Guidelines (HRS 587-25)to document the strengths and identified
problems in the family home. A Service Plan is developed and court ordered if indicated, to assist the
family in resolving identified problems that prevent the child from returning to the family home (HRS
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587-26). Review hearings are scheduled at least every six months to monitor progress and to make
adjustments in goals and services.
b) Voluntary Custody, in agreement between the family and DHS may be for a period of time not
to exceed 180 days in duration. By CWS procedure, the agreement should not exceed ninety days to
assure compliance with federal regulations. A Voluntary Service Plan must accompany voluntary
custody.
C) The family can be offered the `Ohana Conferencing option (kinship care)to assist in
developing a Service Plan to resolve identified problems and to identify alternative custodial care for
the child if identified problems cannot be resolved within federally mandated time frames. The family
will come to the attention of the Family Court to establish a legal permanent custodian for the child or
to initiate court ordered services towards reunification if parents are not able to resolve problems
within six months (HRS 587-21(b)(2).
Child is returned to care givers.
a) The investigation is not confirmed or unsubstantiated. The case will be closed and the family
may be referred out for diversion services through Kapiolani Child Protection Center.
b) The investigation results in confirmation of harm or threat of harm but the child is returned to
the care givers with voluntary or court ordered service plan (HRS 587-21(b)(2) or HRS 587-26).
Recommendations:
Not infrequently there is confusion as to which agency has the lead role in making decisions involving
child custody and placement. This can be considered a primary concern in cases in which the child is a
law violator with mental or behavioral problems (i.e. substance abuse affected at the time the police are
notified) and family is known to be or believed to be dysfunctional.
It is highly recommended that a"receiving home" facility be opened in East Hawaii and in West
Hawaii where children can be placed at any time, night or day, and held for a period of time.
Personnel from all agencies involved can access the youth, assess the situation, have preliminary input
and then meet in a multi-disciplinary team setting to establish roles and identify appropriate placement.
THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
The Decision Makers for Referrals for Student Support within the DOE:
Student Services Coordinators (SSC)
Parent/guardians/surrogate parent of the student
The student when appropriate
Teachers
School Counselors
School Administrators
Related Service Providers
Family Court
Department of Health
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Child Welfare Services
Public Health Nursing
Early Intervention, Easter Seals
The Decision Making Tools:
Hawaii Content and Performance Standards
Comprehensive Student Support Systems (CSSS) structure and process
Schools' Request for Assistance Form (RFA)
Chapter 19: Student Misconduct, Discipline
Section 504 of the Americans with Disabilities Act
Chapter 53: Modification Plan
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Chapter 56: Individualized Education Program (IEP)
Classroom Assessment Data
Standardized Tests
Record of Referrals to School Counselor
Disciplinary Records
Anecdotal Records
Social Work Report
Evaluations for Related Services
Decision Making Process:
The decision process begins when there is a concern about academic skills, behavior, physical health,
or emotional health, which may be affecting the student's progress in school. Utilizing the
Comprehensive Student Support System, a team meeting is convened to discuss the identified concern.
This team consists of persons knowledgeable about the student, including, but not limited to, school
personnel, parents, family members, representatives from government and community agencies, and
even the student when appropriate.
Possible options to deal with the concern may include school-level interventions or a referral for a
comprehensive academic/behavior evaluation. The team decides on appropriate interventions for
school-level services and establishes a system for monitoring the student's progress. Should the team
agree that further evaluation of the concern is warranted, it will decide which assessments are needed
to determine the eligibility, program, and placement under either the Individuals with Disability
Education Act (IDEA—special education) or Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. These
assessments could include classroom data, standardized tests, clinical assessments, and medical
reports.
After the assessments are completed, the team reconvenes to determine the student's eligibility under
the IDEA, Section 504 or other programs and service. If the student does not meet the eligibility
criteria for a particular program, the team decides on appropriate school-level interventions as well as a
method to monitor the student's progress. If the student is eligible for IDEA or 504, the team decides
on an appropriate program and services to address the student's needs, and also develops either an
Individualized Education Program (IEP) for IDEA-eligible students or a Modification Plan (MP) for
Section 504-eligible students. The team is also involved in developing and implementing a
Coordinated Service Plan for students who require intensive services.
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Reviews and reevaluations are held periodically to ensure that the program and services continue to
meet the student's needs. The team meets at least annually to review the IEP or MP, and revisions are
made as needed. Review meetings can be held as often as necessary to maintain an appropriate level
of services. A comprehensive re-evaluation to determine continued IDEA eligibility is conducted once
every three years or earlier if appropriate.
In situations involving disciplinary action, the school's discipline plan and the Department of
Education's Chapter 19 procedures are discussed with the student and parents by a school
administrator. Government and community agency representatives, as well as other service providers,
may also be involved in this process.
Recommendations:
Referrals for chronic absenteeism are also received from the school. The effectiveness of intervention
varies widely depending on the type of cases that schools bring to court. It is suggested that the
schools file petitions where court intervention may make a difference such as the younger student with
serious family problems.
Purchase of Service Contractors: Micheal O'Byrne, M.D.; Child and Adolescent Resources for
Education, Inc. (CARE), The Institute for Family Enrichment (TIFFE), Aloha House, and Effective
Change.
THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH DIVISION
The Decision Makers:
Parent/guardians/surrogate parent of the student
The student when developmentally appropriate
Teachers
School Counselors
School Administrators
Related Service Providers
Family Court Probation Officers
CAMHD —Family Guidance Center Mental Health Care Coordinators
Child Welfare Services Social Workers
Public Health Nurses
Easter Seals Representatives
Other community members involved with the child who know the child very well
The Decision Making Tools:
Felix Consent Decree
Hawaii Content and Performance Standards
Comprehensive Student Support Systems (CSSS) structure and process
Chapter 19: Student Misconduct, Discipline
Section 504 of the Americans with Disabilities Act
Chapter 53: Modification Plan
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Chapter 56: Individualized Education Program (IEP)
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Classroom assessment data
Standardized Tests
Record of referrals to school counselor
Disciplinary Records
Anecdotal Records
Professional discretion
Coordinated Service Plan
CAMMED Clinical Standards
Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS)
Child and Adolescent Service System Program (CASSP) principles
Achenbach Child Behavior Checklists
Child and Adolescent Level of Care Utilization System (CALOCUS)
DOE and DOH Joint Interim Procedures and Guidelines
Research on empirically supported treatments
Process:
The Department of Education (DOE), using the guidelines specified in the "DOE Special Needs
Identification/Decision Process for All Youth" and the "DOE Youth Identified as 504 or IDEA
Eligible", will first determine if a child has a disability that is impacting his or her education. If it is
determined that the child has a mental health need that is part of that disability, that child can be
eligible for mental health services under the Felix Consent Decree.
Once the child is identified as having a mental health need, the next step is for a team [minimum
requirements for a team is a parent, teacher, school counselor, school administrator, and if necessary a
Mental Health Care Coordinator(MHCC) from CAMVITID] to generate an Individual Education Plan
(IEP) or Modification Plan (MP). The IEP or MP will identify the mental health disability and the
services to be offered to the child and family as part of their right to access to a Free and Appropriate
Public Education (FAPE). The guardian has the right to accept or reject this offer of FAPE. It should
be noted here that all services (unless court ordered) provided by the CAMHD are voluntary. If a
guardian rejects the offer of FAPE, they can secure educational and mental health services for their
child through their own personal funds and/or medical insurance.
The level of service the child needs will determine which agency will coordinate the needed mental
health services. Under the current School-Based Behavioral Health system, there is a Comprehensive
Student Support System (CSSS) supported jointly by the DOE and CAMMHD in which there are 5
levels of service (see CSSS manual). Levels 1, 2, and 3 are primarily outpatient services and are
considered less intensive, such as therapy, behavioral management and psychiatric services. These
services are provided by the DOE, either by DOE employees or contracted provider agencies. These
services are coordinated and monitored by a Student Services Coordinator(SSC) at the school. Levels
4 and 5 are more intensive levels of support and are administered by CAMMED - Hawaii Family
Guidance Center(HFGC) employees or contracted provider agencies. (The Hawaii Family Guidance
Center is the Big Island branch of the CAMMHD). These services can include intensive case
management, intensive community-based mental health services, and therapeutic out-of-home
placement, and are coordinated and monitored by an HFGC Mental Health Care Coordinator(who
provides the intensive case management). In order to facilitate regular communication between the
DOE and the FGC, the SSC and the MHCC meet weekly to discuss the educational progress of the
children they are monitoring.
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A child receiving mental health services in levels 1, 2, and 3 under the CSSS will not typically be
involved with the HFGC. The SSC will oversee and coordinate services and based on the child's
progress, can recommend to the IEP or MP team that the current level of service (within levels 1, 2,
and 3) be changed without involving CANM/HFGC staff However, if a child is to receive services
at the 4th and 5t h levels of service, the HFGC will be involved and an MHCC should be included in the
planning meetings for that child.
After the IEP or MP is in place and being implemented, any changes to the level of service the child is
receiving must be submitted to the IEP or MP team for approval. In preparation for that IEP or MP
meeting, the SSC and MHCC should meet to insure that the team will have the information necessary
in order to make an appropriate determination about the child's needs. The determination will be made
by the team using the DOE/DOH Joint Interim Procedures and Guidelines.
Coordinated Service Plan (CSP)
In many cases referred to CANM through the DOE, there is multi-agency involvement that may
include a number of separate plans for an individual child and/or family. For example, a child may
have an IEP created to address their educational needs. The child may also have conditions of
probation (as a result of past delinquent behavior) to satisfy criminal justice needs. In addition, if child
welfare services are involved, there will be a service plan, which addresses the safety needs of the child
and family. The Coordinated Service Plan (CSP) is the umbrella plan that is responsible for
coordinating the services and efforts of all agencies for an individual child. Its goals are as follows:
Insure that all the separate plans work in agreement and are not in conflict with one another.
Assist the family in understanding the services being provided and why they are being recommended,
and facilitate family involvement in the treatment process.
Identify and address any duplication in services being provided by different agencies.
Facilitate the integration of the separate plans.
Identify and include all formal and informal supports for the child and the family.
Foster a shared sense of accountability among all team members for the care being provided to a child
and family.
A CSP is created for any child receiving intensive case management from the HFGC. This is done by
the MHCC convening a CSP team made up of the family, the youth(when developmentally
appropriate), informal community resources involved with the youth, and professionals from the
different agencies that are currently servicing the child. The MHCC is the facilitator of the CSP
meeting. As facilitator the MHCC must help the team identify the strengths of the child and the family
along with any formal and informal resources available. The plan should then be built around these
resources and strengths. The plan (and team decisions about the plan) should also be based on some
objective measures of client progress (such as the CAFAS, CALOCUS, Achenbach, grades,
attendance, etc), which the MHCC can assist the team in gathering and interpreting. In addition, the
MHCC must also engage all team members to participate actively in the development and
implementation of the plan. Lastly, the MHCC should help to insure that all of the individual plans that
are in place for a child are honored and addressed within the CSP. The MHCC is then responsible for
insuring that the CSP is implemented by all team members and will be responsible for convening the
CSP team at least once every three months (or more if appropriate)to monitor the child's progress.
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The MHCC is the CAMMHD representative on the CSP team who is responsible for coordinating the
intensive mental health services for the child. As a CAMMHD representative, the MHCC must insure
that the Child and Adolescent Service System Program principles, and other guidelines under the Felix
Consent Decree, are followed.
Recommendations:
• The lag time between when a child breaks the law and when he or she is made accountable for their
actions is too long.
• There needs to be more community resources for administering toxicity screening of adolescents
abusing drugs. This is a key tool in monitoring the child.
Recommendations Continued:
• More resources are needed to serve status offenders.
• There should be a community group that looks at and addresses community service gaps. This may
help to decrease the number of disagreements that can occur between agencies when there are
limited resources. State agencies should not be taking each other to court as a means to address
these resource issues.
Rubbing Points:
1) All parties need to be compelled to be active participants in the development and implementation
of the CSP. The issue is that not all parties follow what is agreed to in the CSP team meeting.
CSPs can be maximally successful when:
a) Family Court Judges continue to support CSP team decisions.
b) Individual departments view the CSP as a meaningful way to coordinate services aimed at the
child.
c) CSP team members feel shared responsibility for the success of the plan.
2) There continues to be misunderstanding about what the Felix Consent Decree's purpose is and
CAM HD's resulting scope of service. There appears to still be some misinformation in the
community about who is eligible for services and what services CAMMHD can provide under the
Felix Consent Decree.
3) When resources are limitated, there needs to be an agreed upon mechanism between the agencies
for addressing these community service gaps.
Purchase of Service Contractors: Bountiful Psychiatric Hospital dba Benchmark Behavioral Health
Systems, Child & Adolescent Resources for Education, Inc., Child and Family Service, West Hawaii
Unit, Child and Family Service, East Hawaii Unit, Children's Comprehensive Services, Inc., Family
Support Services of West Hawaii, Hawaii Behavioral Health Services, Inc., Hawaii Family as Allies,
Helping Hands Hawaii, Institute for Family Enrichment, Kaniu I LLC, Marimed Foundation for Island
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Health Care Training, Rise Institute, Sutter Health Pacific dba Kahi Mohala, and The Queens Medical
Center.
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Youth
involvement
Juvenile Justice
Comprehensive Strategic Plan
Hawaii County
Personal Reflections -
Halana Ka Mana'o Youth Summit
144
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INTRODUCTION
Mission Statement for the Youth Involvement Group: The youth of Hawai'i County will have a
voice in all strategic planning areas/groups; and all adults will listen to their voices.
"We recommend the Comprehensive Strategies Group consider this information as the
collective voice of Hawai'i County's youth. Since the Comprehensive Strategies Initiative
is directed at the juvenile justice system within Hawai'i County, the adult population of
Hawai'i County needs to consider concerns of the youth and utilize the input to complete
the strategic plan. Many adults have difficulty relating to youths and do not take the
concerns and viewpoints seriously. Please use this report, along with continuing youth input
to implement positive changes for all children in the community." -Na Leo o Na Opio (The
Voices of the Youth)
WORKGROUP PRIORITY RECOMMENDATIONS:
1. Healing and strengthening families.
2. Continuing to improve the school system to prepare youth for their future.
3. Using the county's natural, cultural, and historical resources to provide social and economic
activities and opportunities for youth.
4. Promoting high moral standards and alternatives to substance abuse and violence.
5. Providing facilities and infrastructures for social and economic activities and opportunities
for all of Hawai'i county.
The Youth Involvement workgroup consisted of 15 adults whose role was to support and facilitate a
representative group of the youth of Hawai'i County in the strategic planning for juvenile justice. The
workgroup began by inviting youth from all 18 public and private high schools on the island to a forum
on May 19, 2001. At this forum, 41 students representing 12 high schools discussed, in three separate
sessions, the problems they face as youth in the county of Hawai'i, the strengths of their individual
communities, and their solutions to the seven factors they chose as being of greatest risk to themselves.
From this forum came the documents and eight major recommendations included in the Community
Assessment Report (CAR). The compilation of results from the Halana Ka Mana'o Youth Summit and
the 38 students' Personal Reflections were further edited and clarified at another youth meeting on
August 20, 2001. The Youth Involvement workgroup has decided to leave all the students' raw data
intact because we agree with the youth group (Na Leo o Na `Opio) that their voice must be heard by
everyone.
At the August 20, 2001 meeting, the students refined their thoughts and named themselves "Na Leo o
Na `Opio: The Voices of the Youth" because they intend to be the voice of the young people of
Hawai'i county. They are setting themselves up in every high school to carry out the work of the
Comprehensive Strategy Action Plan. They plan to communicate via e-mail, newsletter, and the video
conferencing equipment the prosecutor's office is installing in most of the public high schools.
The students will be planning their next summit for spring 2002. At this summit, they will determine
their projects and community work, based on the Comprehensive Strategy plan that is adopted by the
County of Hawai'i in January/February 2002. The adult workgroup will continue to assist the youth to
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carry out the mission of youth involvement. The youth also wish to be part of a group that can advise
the mayor on actions that involve and help youth of this county.
RESULTS, GAPS, and SOLUTIONS
The two documents that follow are the actual lists compiled and voted on by the youth at their two
meetings. The narratives that follow their lists are also in their own words. The comments of the
Youth Involvement workgroup are in italics.
YOUTH SUMMIT
Halana Ka Mana'o, Hawai'i County's Youth Summit, was held on May 19th, 2001. At the summit, the
Youth Involvement Workgroup played host to a cross-section of 41 students from 12 of the island's
public and private schools. The summit focused on having Hawai'i County's youth identify the
greatest risk factors precipitating juvenile delinquency. In addition to the identification of the youth
risk factors, youth delegates listed their districts' strengths and weaknesses pertaining to youth
activities. The day concluded with a presentation from each district addressing solutions to youth
issues using their district's individual resources. The results are listed here:
The youth identified Hawai'i County's seven most pressing youth risk factors by identifying as many
risk factors as they could think of, then voting for the three greatest risks. Each of the remaining
factors was placed under these seven major risk factors.
On July 17, 2001, the adults from all the Comprehensive Strategy workgroups assessed the data
collected and chose the four risk factors the county of Hawai'i would address in its five year plan. The
Youth Involvement workgroup was very pleased to note that the youth had already prioritized the risks
they faced in almost the same order.
The youth concluded that family management or the lack of family management determined all other
risk factors that exist for the youth in their families, schools, and communities. All other (6) risk
factors they chose are a result of what happens in the family.
The youth have proposed strategies to address each of the seven risk factors they agreed on. They
recommend that these strategies be implemented as part of the five-year Comprehensive Strategy plan.
The items listed by the youth under each of their seven risk factors correspond to the data-driven risk
factors that the Comprehensive strategy plan will address.
1. Family Problems corresponds to all four risk factors, especially Family Management and Family
Conflict(Risk factors 2 and 3).
2. Social Supports (Peer Pressure) corresponds to all four risk factors, especially Family Conflict
and Early and Persistent Anti-Social Behavior (Risk factors 3 and 4).
3. Drugs and Alcohol corresponds to all four risk factors, especially Availability of Drugs (Risk
factor#1).
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4. Cultural Issues and Differences (Racism,prejudice, ethnic discrimination, bias, social status,
gangs, stereotyping) corresponds especially to Family Management(Risk factor#2) because the
youths'perception of others have their foundation in family values and peer influence.
5. Lack of Activities leads to all four risk factors, especially Availability of Drugs and Family
Management(Risk factors I and 2).
6 A Need for Morality corresponds to all four risk factors, especially Family Management(Risk
factor#2).
7. Jobs Wanted leads to all four risk factors, especially Availability of Drugs and Family Conflict
(Risk factors I and 3).
The additional problems the youth listed as existing in the school system and the youth justice system
underscore the four risk factors in the infrastructure of this community. Their risk factors#5, 6, and 7
are major gaps in the system of care.
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Youth-Identified Risk Factors: Youth Blueprint to Become
Responsible, Healthy and Caring:
1. Family Problems 1. Heal the Family
o No discipline/responsibility o Send parents to counseling
o Sexual Abuse o Big Brothers/Big Sisters needed
o No rules o Do things as a family together
o Rules not enforced o Parents being fair and communicate
o Lack of parenting skills o Parent drug abuse, send to rehab
o Anger control lacking o Violence prevention-hotline for kids,
o Mental Abuse shelters,teach parents non-violence
o Mental Illness/Depression
o Economic Problems
o Teen Pregnancy
o Physical Abuse
Premarital relations
o Lack of communication
2. Social Supports 2. Reinvent the Peer group
❖ Low self-esteem ❖ Get popular role models and leaders
❖ Gossip ❖ Motivate to get people involved in social
❖ Need of Friends activities-sports, student council, etc.
❖ Teen Pregnancy ❖ Mentor middle school students
❖ Bullying ❖ Improve self-esteem strategies
❖ Premarital relations ❖ Get involved in teen court
❖ Get someone famous to motivate youth
3. Drugs and Alcohol 3. Prevent Substance Abuse
❖ No hope for future o Advertise available help and resources
❖ Mental Illness/Depression o Seek professional help
❖ Economic Problems o More Rehab Centers
❖ Substance Abuse More courses in school on prevention
4. Cultural Issues/Differences 4. Multicultural Strategies
❖ Hatred ❖ Plan a leadership conference or other
❖ TV and Media,video games activity for all races to attend
❖ Representatives with different backgrounds
to help organize strategies
❖ Treat all students equally,be fair in
selecting students to participate
❖ Have diverse group activities
❖ Potluck, "open mic"night
❖ Have someone who can make a difference
take charge
❖ Provide help in improving self-esteem
❖ Need for Positive role models
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Youth-Identified Risk Factors Youth Blueprint to Become
Continued: Responsible, Healthy and Caring
Continued:
5. Need for more Activities 5. Get Active, Just Do it!
o Nothing to Do in and after school ❖ Sports tournament,not school related
o Activities are lame ❖ Teen night club,musical variety
o Adrenaline rush from doing crime ❖ Youth center,arcade
o Need for more transportation ❖ Good playing fields
o No youth centers ❖ Sponsors to donate jerseys, etc.
Volunteers for referees, scorer,etc.
Year round activities
6. A Need for Morality 6. Promote Moral Standards
o Need for more spiritual values o Help change the laws that suppress
o People lack morals expression of morality
o Bad example of adults o Promote moral standards on TV
o Music promoting violence and other bad o Set example of morality in government and
behavior leadership
o Theft o Generate respect for beliefs of others
o Anger control lacking o Allow beliefs in school,prayer moment
o Vengeance(pay back)
o TV and media,video games
7. Jobs Wanted 7. Create Job Opportunities
❖ Schools can provide
❖ Economic Problems -tutoring services
❖ No jobs available to youth -guidance program training,opportunities
-after school program or clubs
o Advertise job opportunities to youth
o Have teenagers be assistant coaches
o Be life guards,janitors,clean the streets
o Intern at school
Community
-use flea market for craftsibooths
-private company-publish songsibooks
o Use the government to provide jobs
o Sponsor affordable activities for teens
o Have your own carnival at school
After School Program
o Unemployment office help
o Design long term employment opportunity
o Intensive career planning
In addition, problems were identified in existing youth activities:
School: Youth Justice:
❖ Security not effective ❖ Government Lying
❖ Bad facilities ❖ No consequences or follow-through
❖ Schools don't do anything ❖ Rules not enforced
❖ Truancy ❖ Constant changes in law
❖ Schools too large ❖ Not enough police protection
❖ Schools are too hard so students lose interest ❖ Breaking laws-driving without a license
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iii
Personal Reflections -
Halana Ka Mana'o Youth Summit
This document is a result of the Halana Ka Mana'o, Hawaii County's
Youth Summit held on May 19, 2001 at the Royal Kona Resort. It
contains data collected from surveys completed by youth delegates to the
summit. The narratives from this document are an attempt by youth
delegates to express their peers' views on various local issues. The intent
of this report is to enlighten readers about the current views expressed by
Hawaii County youth.
Reflections on:
School
❖ Police
❖ Youth Activities
❖ Community Recreation
❖ The $1,000,000 Question
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Reflections - School
Are there any factors in the community that keep youth from regularly attending school?
Some
3%
Yes
42%
No
55%
Listed factors: 1. How many schools are within walking
❖ Drugs distance from your house?
❖ Surfs Up!
❖ Friends 0 schools— 15
❖ More fun stuff to do 1 school— 13
❖ Teen pregnancy 2 schools—4
❖ Long Distances to 3 schools— 8
School 4 schools— 1
2. Is each grade level available in your area
(I.e. elementary, middle, high school)?
Yes—25 No — 12
The youth perceive the school system as not being responsive enough to their need for skills to insure
future success. Whether this is a fact or the youths'perception of the system, changes need to be made
in this gap area.
Narrative - Schools:
Schools should be appropriate for an individual's needs. Students should have the opportunity to take
classes, which will be helpful in their future ambitions. Sports should be expanded upon, possibly
integrated into the curriculum (sports are a large part of people's lives). New sports should be promoted:
surfing and canoe paddling are very big sports that are not represented in high school.
Student leadership should be promoted to involve AS MANY DIFFERENT PEOPLE AS
POSSIBLE!!! Schools are not preparing students for life after school. Too much focus is put on
educational curriculum, while more basic needs are being neglected. Guidance courses need to follow
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students throughout their school life, and counselors should have the ability to allow students to take
courses they want (and will greatly benefit from later in life), as the current school curriculum is often
not applicable to life experiences.
Reflections - Police
Do Youth in your community feel comfortable
going to the police and/or firestations for help?
Yes
20%
No
47%
No Comment
33%
Comments:
Because it's far away, they feel weird going to the Police
The community handles their own problems
I believe no one in the community ever feels comfortable going to these stations
There are only 13 police officers in Ka'u, the community knows all of the Officers and
Firefighters and they don't feel uncomfortable
❖ They are shy or scared to ask for help or report something
❖ They (Police) are intimidating and we don't want to feel like we're going to get into trouble
❖ Most(Police) are criminals where I live
❖ Police aren't very friendly and they treat kids like they are all punks
❖ They (Youth) don't like Police
Another gap area is the youths'perception of the police. The Comprehensive strategy plan must
address changes that will implement positive interaction instead of an adversarial relationship.
Narrative - Police:
Statistics show that 47.2 % of the youth are uncomfortable with the police. We feel intimidated by
their presence. Police Officers are often identified with illegal activity, making us think badly of
ourselves in their presence. In reality, police are supposed to be community resources, providing
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guidance to community youth. This view needs to be promoted to the youth and cooperation between
youth and police needs to be encouraged.
Reflections - Youth Activities
What types of activities do you like most?
Personal
Interests
24%
Sports
51%
School-related 1)
Activities
25%
Breakdown:
Sports: School-related Activities: Personal Interests:
Tennis—2 Japanese Club—1 Graffiti Art—2
Volleyball—2 Reading—1 Shopping—1
Riding Bike—1 JROTC— 1 Bon Dance—1
Paddling— 1 Music—4 Playing Guitar— 1
Diving— 1 Writing— 1 Hanging Out—5
Basketball—1 Leo Club— 1 Aircraft—1
Motor Cross Video/Film—5 Swimming/Beach—4
Baseball—3 Painting—1 Watching T.V.—1
Skateboarding—1 Math League—1
Surfing—2 History— 1
Soccer— 1
Football—2 Comments:
Hula—1 ❖ I wish we had a theatre
Fishing— 1 ❖ I love sports the most
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Reflections - Athletics
Narrative - Athletics If you could choose any activity to pursue to
your fullest capability,what would it be?
Athletics often are a priority for youth; Personal
involvement in athletics gives youth a Interests
stronger sense of identity, and also motivate 18%
youth to succeed in other aspects of life. School-
Grades must be maintained for academic Related
eligibility, and youth feel empowered when Activities sports
contributing to a team which often achieves 16% 66%
something much larger then the individual
ever could. Youth should not be
discouraged from participating in sports.
The youth contend that athletics is a major positive factor in their lives, and motivates success and
achievement in all other areas. The need for more organized team and individual sports opportunities
in and outside of school, especially ocean/water sports, is perceived as a major gap in youth services.
Besides sports, school clubs and activities are the major source of non-academic activity for 25% of
the students surveyed. A relatively small number of students participate in the wide variety of
activities offered by most schools. A major barrier to participation in sports and extracurricular
activities is transportation, which is a major gap is services to the youth of Hawai'i county
Reflections - Community Recreation
A recurring complaint is the need for more facilities serving the social needs of the youth. Music and
other recreational activities are necessary for their social growth. The youth have definite suggestions
in all gap areas for what could be done to remedy the need for more facilities and services. We must
enable the youth to pursue the implementation of their suggestions.
Narrative - Recreation Centers:
Recreation Centers need to be established in each community. Recreation centers should have
activities for youth, and should also serve as resources for encouraging youth community involvement.
Youth centers should have job listings, and have the resources available to get youth into meaningful
positions in the workforce. While many students do not have previous work experience, they do have
many personal skills which would make them valuable workers. Youth would also be a very
motivated work pool, because they realize what they do is valuable. These jobs should teach skills
which will be valuable tools later in life (burger flipping is NOT a valuable life skill).
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Recreation center facilities/activities: Questions asked by youth:
❖ night dances ❖ Do most youth take part in
❖ pools programs offered by
❖ lounge areas (with couches, homework community organizations?
help, tables, etc.) Are mentoring/counseling
skateboard/bike park programs currently offered at
basketball/tennis courts existing recreational centers?
ice skating/mountain climbing, etc. Is anything being done to see
gym what types of programs youth
martial arts/self defense would participate in if offered?
live theatre (plays, cultural functions, Why are no public pools in
etc.) Hilo open to youth at
convenient and practical times
for them to use?
The youth offer three major suggestions for the use of available funds to improve their community:
provide recreational opportunities, improve the schools, and improve existing programs that provide
services.
Is there a clean park or lake where youth in your
community that offers supervised recreation?
No Yes
49% (D51%
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Reflections - The $1,000,000 Question
Question: If you had one Million dollars to improve your community, how would you spend it?
Comments:
❖ I would build an activity center for us youth to go and hang out.
❖ I would make a coffeehouse for teens. I would make it like Borders but with couches all over
and a stage where teens could perform their talents. It would stay open late on the weekends.
It would have teen's artwork on the walls.
❖ I would make a youth center with dances, a pool, basketball, soccer, football and tennis. I'd
help to clean my community and create programs teens would be interested in.
❖ A paint ball field or skate park.
❖ I would build a 24-hour mega theme park activity center. There would be counselors there
whenever you need help. It would be something like a camp.
❖ Buy a bike park and make a survey for what they would like to have.
❖ Fix up school buildings and have more activities
❖ I would separate the money into different clubs, classes, and have my fellow classmates and
students decide what improvements the community would need.
❖ I would donate it to my school. It is under funded and they need a lot of money.
❖ I would spend the money towards school and educational stuff I'm sad because students in my
school don't have as much as the bigger schools. We have less supplies, electives offered, etc.
❖ I'd spend it on education because it is the basis to stop crimes.
❖ I would make programs so youth can stay out of trouble.
❖ Give half to my church and give the rest to foster parents.
❖ Improve drug prevention programs, churches, schools.
❖ Give it to programs that help the community and to families in need. Maybe even make a place
for us kids to go.
Give some money to my church and build a youth center.
I would build a gym in my community
Sponsor homeless people with homes, recreation and fun things. Also help out senior citizens.
Clean up the island.
Youth Recommendations
The youth of Hawai'i county ask that all of their concerns, as listed in this document, be considered.
Listed below are the major recommendations of the youth, taken from all of their concerns:
1. Heal the family through counseling, training, and drug and alcohol rehabilitation.
2. Strengthen positive youth involvement and growth.
3. Prevent all substance abuse through education, legal deterrents, and example.
4. Establish accessible centers for youth activities in every major community.
5. Promote recreational and sports activities for youth, especially those which continue through
adulthood and promote healthy lifestyles.
6. Teach and promote high moral standards for youth through programs and example.
7. Make use of the island's natural resources for recreation and education.
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8. Create challenging job opportunities for youth, based on Hawaii s natural, cultural, and historical
resources.
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160
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Hawaii County's Juvenile Justice Planning Group
We would like to thank the following individuals without whose leadership this effort would not have
been possible:
Harry Kim Mayor County of Hawaii
James Correa Chief of Police Hawaii County Police Department
Ronald Ibarra Chief Judge Third Judicial Circuit
Jay Kimura Prosecuting Attorney Office of the Prosecuting Attorney—County of Hawaii
Bert Matsuoka Executive Director Office of Youth Services
Dan Sakai Former District Superintendent Department of Education— Hawaii District
Valerie Takata Complex Area Superintendent—Hilo, Department of Education— Hawaii District
Laupahoehoe, Waiakea
The strength of the Comprehensive Strategy planning group has been the devoted efforts of the many
individuals who contributed to this Community Assessment Report. We would like to acknowledge and
applaud the collaboration between government and community by listing the contributing workgroup
members along with the organization or agency they represent.
Steering Committee
Rick Castberg, Ph D Professor, Political Science University of Hawaii at Hilo
Paula De Morales Program Coordinator/Teacher Waiakea High School
Charlene Iboshi First Deputy Prosecutor Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Nancy Kelly Business Manager Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
*Jay Kimura Prosecuting Attorney Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Howard Medeiros JAIBG Coordinator Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Irene Nagao Community Member JAIBG County Committee
Allen Salavea Comprehensive Strategy Coordinator Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
James Sanborn Community Policing Coordinator Hawaii County Police Department
Carol Van Camp General Manager Prince Kuhio Plaza
*Committee Chair
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Data Workgroup
*Rick Castberg, Ph D Professor, Political Science University of Hawaii at Hilo
Jay Chow CSSS/Resource Teacher Department of Education— Hawaii District
James Correa Chief of Police Hawaii County Police Department
Ellen lida CSSS/Resource Teacher Department of Education— Hawaii District
June Kunimoto District Health Officer Department of Health
Nilton Oyama Counselor Department of Education-Kalanianaole
Elementary
Annette Yamaki CSSS/Resource Teacher Department of Education— Hawaii District
Jan Yokoyama Public Health Nurse Department of Health
"Workgroup Chair
Resource Workgroup
Roxanne Aburamen Coordinator Casey Family Programs
Kim Aburamen Intern Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
**Alan Garson Executive Director Casey Family Foundation
Cindy Goya Coordinator Casey Family Foundation
Margaret Haig Dean, CCECS University of Hawaii at Hilo
Zachary Higa Probation Administrator Adult Probation Department
Elayne Higa Probation Supervisor Family Court
Lisa Jobes
Wally Lau Program Director Neighborhood Place
Rodney Maeda Probation Supervisor Family Court
*Allen Salavea Comprehensive Strategy Coordinator Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Huellyn Whitford Youth Development Division Director Family Support Services of West Hawaii
Errol Yudko Coordinator, School Based Outpatient Big Island Substance Abuse Counsel
Treatment Program
*Interim Workgroup Chair
**Precious Workgroup Chair
Planning Monitoring and Evaluation Workgroup
Cynthia Curatalo Program Administrator Hawaii Behavioral Health
Zachary Higa Probation Administrator Adult Probation Department
Nancy Kelly Business Manager Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Wes Suwa Court Administrator District Court of the Third Circuit
*James Sanborn Community Policing Hawaii County Police Department
Stan Takaba Housing and Community Development Office of Housing and Community Development
Specialist
Jane Testa Director Department of Research and Development
Leah Yanagi Housing and Community Development Office of Housing &Community Development
Specialist
"Workgroup Chair
164
Objective Decision Making Workgroup
Keli Acquaro Section Chief Hawaii Family Guidance Centers
Rodney Aurello Lieutenant, Juvenile Aid Section Hawaii County Police Department
Tony Bartolomeu Public Defender Office of the Public Defender
Judy Fujimori School Social Worker Department of Education
Ben Gaddis Family Court Judge Third Circuit Court
*Charlene Iboshi First Deputy Prosecutor Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Shelly Ogata Supervisor(Former) Hawaii Family Guidance Centers
Lester Oshiro Court Administrator Circuit Court of the Third Circuit
Conny Santana West. Hawaii Child Welfare Section Department of Human Services
Administrator
William Smith Deputy Prosecuting Attorney Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Ruth Tachibana Administrator Family Court Probation of the Third Circuit
Julie Tulang Foundation Associate Hawaii Community Foundation
"Workgroup Chair
Legislative Policy and Systems Workgroup
Roxanne Aburamen Coordinator Casey Family Programs
Dorothee Auldridge YMCA
Leslie Chow Deputy Prosecuting Attorney
Taka Domingo Aide Hawaii County Council
Billy Kenoi Aide County of Hawaii—Mayor's Office
*Jay Kimura Prosecuting Attorney Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Connie Kiriu Legislative Auditor County of Hawaii
Andrew Levin Executive Director County of Hawaii- Mayor's Office
Phyllis Shinno VAU Coordinator Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Valerie Takata Complex Area Superintendent—Hilo, Department of Education— Hawaii District
Laupahoehoe, Waiakea
"Workgroup Chair
Outreach, Media and Communications Workgroup
Helen Hemmes President and CPO Hawaii Island United Way
Peggy Hilton E. HI Child Welfare Section Administrator Department of Human Services
*Irene Nagao Community Member JAIBG County Committee
Deborah Paratore Youth Coordinator Simple Office Solutions
Mitchell Roth Deputy Prosecuting Attorney Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
**Carol Van Camp General Manager Prince Kuhio Plaza
"Workgroup Chair
**Precious Workgroup Chair
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Youth Involvement Workgroup
Naomi Ashman Student Activities Counselor Kealakehe High School
Bob Cruz Social Worker Queen Liliuokalani Children's Center
*Paula De Morales Teacher Waiakea High School
Ward Gardner Pahoa High School
David Heaukulani Criminal Justice lecturer Hawai'i Community College
Charlene Masuhara Career/College Counselor Hilo High School
Howard Medeiros JAIBG Coordinator Office of the Prosecuting Attorney
Liza Montibon Turning Point for Families
Rhonda Nichols Hawai'i Foster Youth Coalition Casey Family Program
Judith Saranchock Complex Area Superintendent—Keaau, Department of Education—Hawaii District
Pahoa, Kau
Sister Stephen Marie Serrao Counselor St. Joseph's High School
Dan Straight Director YWCA Teen Court
John Thatcher Principal Connections Charter School
Gail Wagner Hawaii County Economic Opportunity Council
Burnalyn Yee Hawaii County Economic Opportunity Council
"Workgroup Chair
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1
Risk Factors for Adolescent Problem Behaviors..................................................................................................2
Protective Factors and the Social Development Strateg�......................................................................................3
STATEOF HAWAII................................................................................................................5
MAP OF THE COUNTY OF HAWAII...................................................................................6
COUNTYOF HAWAII............................................................................................................7
Hawaii County Juvenile Statistics.......................................................................................................................8
Hawaii Count-v: Addressing Youth Issues............................................................................................................9
TheVision........................................................................................................................................................10
Timeline...........................................................................................................................................................11
Hawaii County's Four Priority Risk Factors......................................................................................................12
EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES..................................................................................................15
DataCollection and Analysis............................................................................................................................17
ResourceAssessment........................................................................................................................................19
Legislative Policy& Systems Issues..................................................................................................................19
ObjectiveDecision Making...............................................................................................................................20
Outreach, Communication, &Media.................................................................................................................21
YouthInvolvement...........................................................................................................................................22
WORKGROUPREPORTS...........................................................................................................25
DataCollection&Analysis...............................................................................................................................25
ResourceAssessment........................................................................................................................................53
Outreach, Communication&Media..................................................................................................................83
Legislative,Police& Systems...........................................................................................................................87
ObjectiveDecision Making............................................................................................................................. 125
YouthInvolvement......................................................................................................................................... 144
HAWAII COUNTY'S JUVENILE JUSTICE PLANNING GROUP..........................................163
167