HomeMy WebLinkAbout2016.9.2 DOC3 HCDP Proposed Revisions AdditionsSteering Committee Review of Community Input, September 2016 Review Document 3 of 4
HAMAKUA COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN (CDP)
Review Packet Document #3 of 4:
Proposed Revisions & Additions for
the January 2016 Draft CDP
To be considered by the Steering Committee, September 2016
Note: From March 15 through June 15, 2016, the January 2016 Draft of the Hamakua Community
Development Plan (CDP) was available for public review and comment. The CDP Planning Team
preliminarily flagged comments for potential follow-up into the following categories:
■ No Change: These comments do not require revisions either because they address issues
already covered within the January 2016 Draft CDP, are addressing issues outside the
scope of the CDP, or are inconsistent with established Community Objectives. (Included in
the Sorted Summary document, Review Doc. #1)
■ Minor Edits: These comments make suggestions for improving formatting or policy
wording, and are generally non -substantive edits to the CDP. (Included in Review Doc. #2)
■ Revisions: These comments are suimestions for imoroviniz the CDP that are consistent with
Community Objectives and therefore require Steering Committee review but not
necessarily committee deliberation. (Included in Review Doc. #3)
■ SC Deliberation: These comments address issues that require Steering Committee
deliberation. (Included in Review Doc. #4)
All the community feedback and the Review Packet, including the Summary of Comments
(Document #1), the Minor Edits (Document #2), the Proposed Revisions & Additions (Document
#3), and the Steering Committee Deliberations (Document #4) are located online at
www.hamakuacdp.info. This document is the Proposed Revisions and Additions, Document #3
Next Steps: Over a series of meetings, the Steering Committee will consider this input and make
final recommendations. All Steering Committee meetings are open to the public, and public
comment is always welcome.
Only after the Steering Committee is satisfied that the CDP truly reflects community preferences
will it recommend that the CDP be adopted by the County Council.
HAMAKUA COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN (CDP) I Revision Doc. #3
Steering Committee Review of Community Input, September 2016
Review Document 3 of 4
Table of Content
Section 3: Preferred Land Use & Settlement Patterns..........................................................................3
Section 4: Protect and Enhance Natural & Cultural Resources..............................................................4
4.2 Protect Coastal Resources..........................................................................................................4
4.5 Preserve Scenic Areas & Viewsheds...........................................................................................5
4.7 Protect and Enhance Cultural Assets..........................................................................................5
4.8 Establish & Manage Public Access & Trails.................................................................................6
4.9 Preserving Sacred Place: Waipi`o Valley......................................................................................7
Section 5: Strengthen Infrastructure, Facilities, and Services................................................................8
5.2 Expand Affordable Housing Options...........................................................................................8
5.3 Improve the Roadway Network..................................................................................................8
5.3 Improve the Roadway Network..................................................................................................9
5.7 Improve Water and Wastewater Infrastructure..........................................................................9
5.8 Improve Environmental Management Facilities........................................................................
10
5.13 Expand Improve Parks & Recreation Facilities........................................................................
10
Section 6: Build a Sustainable, Local Economy...................................................................................
11
6.2 Strengthening Local Agriculture...............................................................................................
11
6.6 Revitalize'' ee@! Retail & Hamakua's Town Centers...................................................................
13
HAMAKUA COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN (CDP) I Revision Doc. #3
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Proposed Revisions & Additions
Section 3: Preferred Land Use & Settlement Patterns
1. Revise Land Use Policy 4:
"In order to preserve larger lot agricultural lands for productive agricultural use, allow rural
development on lands near urban areas where an intermediate land use between residential
and productive agricultural areas is consistent with the surrounding uses and rural character.
This is reflected in the location of "Rural" (R) areas on the official Land Use Policy Map, which
is intended to facilitate changes of zone to "Residential and Agricultural District" (RA) or the
"Family Agricultural District" (FA).
The intermediate land use between residential and productive aericultural areas is intended
to serve as:
■ A low density area that provides a transitional use buffer area between strictly
residential and commercial productive agriculture areas, and;
■ A mix of personal or family -scale productive commercial or subsistence agricultural
use on all newly established parcels in the Rural area, and;
■ Parcels havine a median size of between 2 — 3 acres but in no case less than 1 acre in
size.
Areas beyond both the Urban Growth Boundary and Rural areas are to be preserved for
agricultural uses, open space, scenic viewsheds, and natural beauty areas."
Rationale: This revision is based on internal feedback and does not substantively change the
intent or application of the policy. It provides additional descriptive language to ensure the
intent of the LUPAG Rural designation is clear.
2. Revise County Action Policy 13:
"Amend Chapter 25 of the Zoning Code and Chapter 23 of the Subdivision Code to allow
Clustered Rural Subdivisions Unit Develepments as an alternative to Cluster Plan
Developments (C.P.D.) Section 25-6-20.
Clustered Rural Subdivisions are intended for areas with rural designations, or that are de -
facto rural areas adjacent to urban zoned areas (whereas Cluster Plan Developments are
intended for sinele-familv RS zonine district). The Clustered Rural Subdivision provision would
not be appropriate if the result would create compact housine developments on aericultural
lands completely separate from existine urban areas with adeauate infrastructure."
Rationale: This revision is to ensure that Clustered Rural Subdivisions are used for the purpose
intended: to provide an incentive and mechanism to create clustered rural neighborhoods
while protecting natural areas. This tool is useful in areas bordering urban areas, and is
explicitly not intended to develop 'islands' of neighborhoods in the middle of agricultural
lands. See the existing rationale from the CDP for more on this zoning tool.
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3. Revise County Action Policy 14:
"Develop incentives for Cluster Plan Developments and Clustered Rural Subdivisions On eeastal
meas that leave natural, open space buffer areas along the shoreline, streams, and gulches, or
adjacent to forest or conservation areas.
Rationale: This revision recognizes that shoreline areas are not the only areas that would
benefit from clustering developments in ways that protect natural resources. See also
revisions to Policy 13.
Section 4: Protect and Enhance Natural & Cultural Resources
4.2 Protect Coastal Resources
4. Revise County Action Policy 19 to read:
"Amend Planning Department Rule 11 to establish shoreline setbacks for the Hamakua CDP
Planning Area at the earliest stages of the land use planning and development process. The
minimum shoreline setback shall be either:
a) A minimum of 40 feet from the top of cliff, in addition to a distance equal to the
average elevation of the top of cliff within the subject parcel; or,
b) A minimum of 40 feet from the top of cliff, in addition to a distance equal to the
anticipated 100 years of erosion as determined by a coastal erosion study. This study,
including a cliff stability analysis and/or a geological analysis, shall be conducted by a
licensed engineer.
This policy shall only apply to properties that are located within the Special
Management Area and abutting or within five hundred feet of the shoreline. For lots
created (final subdivision approval or a legal lot of record as determined by the Planning
Department) prior to the date of adoption of the Hamakua CDP with an average lot
depth of two hundred feet or less, the shoreline setback line shall be a minimum of 40
feet from top of cliff."
[Note: due to readability issues — it became necessary to display the revised text in its entirety
without the editorial 'mark-ups'. The original text is included below the rationale.]
Rationale: This policy is revised based on the community discussion and input from engineers
and SMA specialists. The substantive difference in the revised policy is the specific clarifying
language in section B requiring the "addition to the distance equal to the anticipated 100
years of erosion". This was added to provide specifics to engineering specialists conducting
erosion studies to ensure that a safety factor is added to the minimum shoreline setback. The
stipulation of '100 years' is based on common event ratings such as FEMA's 100 -year
storm/flood events and the average useful life of structures.
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Original text of Policy 19 Reads:
"Amend Planning Department Rule 11 to establish shoreline setbacks for the Hamakua
CDP Planning Area at the earliest stages of the land use planning and development
process. The minimum shoreline setback from the top of cliff shall be either:
a) No less than the height of the slope (cliff, or poli) (1:1 horizontal to vertical). In cases
where the height of the slope is less than 40 feet, a minimum 40 foot setback shall apply,-
or,
pply,
or,
b) A minimum of 40 feet, plus a safety buffer determined by a coastal erosion study
conducted by a licensed engineer, including a cliff stability analysis and/or a geological
analysis.
This shall only apply to properties that are located within the SMA, and abutting or
within five hundred feet of the shoreline. For lots created (final subdivision approval or a
legal lot of record as determined by the Planning Department) prior to the date of
adoption of the Hamakua CDP with an average lot depth of two hundred feet or less, the
shoreline setback line shall be 40 feet."
See related Policy 21 related to defining the shoreline as 'top of cliff and also Policy 22
and section 4.2.5 Kokua Action, #3.
4.5 Preserve Scenic Areas & Viewsheds
5. Revise Community Action 6:
"Educate residents in residential areas on scenic viewshed importance and alternatives to tall,
vegetative wind -breaks that impact viewsheds."
Rationale: This possible revision is in response to numerous community comments expressing
concern over the County banning wind -breaks on agricultural lands. Those comments reflect
a general misunderstanding about the function and authority of Community Actions.
Community Actions are not mandatory and this is an educational action reliant on interested
community groups/residents to take the lead in implementing this type of education. The
Community Action is also based on community input and in its original text, it does not
mandate, nor seek to ban wind -breaks; however, this revision narrows the scope of the
Community Action to refer to only residential areas. The option remains to leave the original
text as is.
4.7 Protect and Enhance Cultural Assets
6. Revise Community Action 11:
"Document the Mo'olelo of Hamakua using resources outlined in oral history, hula, chant, and
other sources.
■ "Work with the Hawai'i Tourism Authority (HTA) and possibly seek assistance through the
County Product Enrichment Program (CPEP) to develop appropriate cultural signage for
moku and ahupua'a boundaries."
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Rationale: This is in response to community suggestions to add cultural signage as a way to
perpetuate knowledge and appreciation for the host culture — and specifically to preserve
Native Hawaiian land management systems and original place names. Look to the County's
Dept. of Research and Development's County Product Enrichment Program for assistance and
reference the Oahu "Recognizing Hawaii's Ahupua'a" program
(http://www.hawaiitourismauthority.org/news/e-mail-bulletins/recognizing-hawaiie28099s-ahupuaa/).
4.8 Establish & Manage Public Access & Trails
7. Revise County Action Policy 48:
"Establish a 'County of Hawai'i Public Access and Trail Program' with sufficient staff and
resources. Staff will be required to refer to this program in all permit reviews. Elements of this
program could include:
1. A comprehensive access inventory;
2. A public access rating system to help with prioritization;
3. Ensure comprehensive reviews of projects (on public or private lands) that will affect
public accesses and trails.
4. Establish a program to inventory ancient trails, cart roads, and old government roads
in coordination with appropriate State agencies. Ensure that publicly owned historic
trails and roads are properly identified and consultation occurs to protect the public's
interests. (GP 12.3 (n) Highways Act of 1892)
5. Identify agencies/groups to develop, administer, and maintain public accesses,
including developing County capacity for this purpose;
6. Identify funding sources to purchase public access easement to priority areas;
7. When public access goals will involve several landowners, acquire the public access
incrementally as opportunities arise to do so;
8. Public accesses that cross private land will be acquired and held until appropriate
management of the accesses is in place;
9. Collaborate with State and Federal agencies on public accesses that require multi -
agency involvement;
10. Develop a standardized template to promote consistency and comprehensiveness in
the public access plans required by of landowners;
11. Partner with community organizations capable of assisting with public access
management;
12. Work with State agencies (particularly with DOFAW) to coordinate, survey, develop,
and manage public trails and roads leading to forest reserves.
13. In co-sponsorship with the State when possible, acquire land for public access to
historic sites and objects and to the shoreline where safe transit does not already exist.
The above actions can be implemented independently of each other and do not reflect
prioritization by their listing order."
[Add to list)
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■ "Develop a Public Access Sign program to be managed by the Planning Department to
assist interested community groups in maintaining appropriate signage at public access
points."
Rationale: This is in response to site visits of local public access points and community
input received directly to the Planning Department. This policy reinstates a defunct public
access sign program that was previously managed by the Planning Department.
■ "Provide cultural and safetv information at trailheads."
Rationale: This action is based on community input and research into the existing
information available about trails in the Planning Area. The community voiced concern
about whether visitors and trail users have adequate opportunity to learn trail routes and
rules so as to avoid trespassing on private lands and other associated problems.
8. New K6kua Action to the National Park Service:
"Explore expansion of the Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail in the Hamakua Planning Area."
Rationale: This action is based on community input and the identified need to expand trails
and cultural assets in the Hamakua Planning Area.
4.9 Preserving Sacred Place: Waipi`o Valley
[This policy will be cited in the Waipi`o Section but'housed' in 5.13 Improve Parks & Recreation
Facilities]
9. Revise County Action Policy 100 and add to the list of improvements:
"Conduct Park facilities condition assessments and prioritize improvement funding. Update
the "County of Hawai'i Recreation Plan: to reflect newly identified recreational priorities.
Specific needs identified include:
■ Assess court conditions for basketball and tennis courts and prioritize these improvements
(e.g., Hakalau tennis courts; Pepe'ekeo basketball courts, etc.).
■ Identify parks in need of playground equipment and pavilions.
■ "Assess and improve the restroom facilities at the Waipi'o Lookout to ensure they are
adeauate for the number of users to the site and meet hveienic standards for
maintenance and cleanliness."
(GP 12.3 (f) & (e))
Rationale: This addition is in response to community complaints that the restrooms are not
adequate for the number of users to the sites, that this is creating health and sanitation
concerns for residents and visitors, and that the sanitation issues detract from the dignity and
cultural significance of the site.
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Section 5: Strengthen Infrastructure, Facilities, and Services
5.2 Expand Affordable Housing Options
10. Revise County Action Policy 65:
"Develop and implement a County -wide, cross -agency affordable housing plan.
■ Enee� age Develop affordable housing options s4eed within existing towns and villages,
near services, and critical infrastructure.
■ Propose and support amendments to the County's taxing powers as a means to increase
the supply of affordable housing.
■ "Revise the Zoning Code, Chapter 25, relating to Ohana Dwellings and develop an
Accessory Dwelling Unit policy aimed at facilitating affordable housing and aging -in-place
opportunities. Evaluate and incorporate applicable policy criteria from City and County of
Honolulu's Chapter 21 ADU policy; see also www.accessorydwellings.org as a resource for
how other municipalities are handline accessory dwelline unit reeulations."
Rationale: This policy addresses the identified need for affordable housing and aging -in-place
options in the Planning Area. Currently, the costs and regulatory hurdles associated with the
Ohana Dwelling permit process are likely impeding infill development. Many municipalities
around the country, including the City and County of Honolulu, are facilitating Accessory
Dwelling Unit development to accommodate housing gaps in affordable housing, aging -in-place
options, and to decrease infrastructure costs by increasing urban density.
5.3 Improve the Roadway Network
11. Revise County Action Policy 72:
"To improve safe pedestrian access and increase @FteFial eapaeity and connectivity in
Honoka'a:
■ "Make safetv improvements to downtown Honoka'a based on Complete Streets olannin
principles.
■ Improvements to include: additional pedestrian crosswalks on Mamane Street,
additional sidewalk development (such as along Lehua Street), and safe, marked
walkways to parking areas servicing downtown."
■ Complete the extension linking Pikake and Pakalana Street to provide arterial redundancy
■ Explore alternatives in the management of Pakalana Street, such as its conveyance to the
State Department of Education or its conversion to a one-way traffic pattern. (GP
13.2.5.4.2 (e))
■ Provide a cross-town connection to Plumeria Street by extending Kamani Street. GP
13.2.5.4.2 (f);
Rationale: This Policy is in response to community comments about pedestrian safety
improvements in downtown Honoka'a. Also in early 2016, planners attended a Blue
Zone/Complete Streets walk-through of the downtown Honoka'a area hosted by
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Councilmember Valerie Poindexter and lead by Complete Street consultants. This tour of
downtown Honoka'a identified various safety issues and improvements as noted in the policy
above.
5.3 Improve the Roadway Network
12. Revise Community Action 27:
"Work with the owners of private roads and local community groups/associations to
determine road management agreements that mitigate road closures and access
disagreements for public access and/or resident use. The following private roads have been
identified as needing improvements in their road management/access strategies:
■ Mill Road in Papa'ikou
■ Beach Road to Honoka'a Landing
■ Rlair Rnnd"
Rationale: This addition has been identified by community members as a road asset desirable
for public use and access.
5.7 Improve Water and Wastewater Infrastructure
13. New County Action Policy:
"Develop an infrastructure prioritization designation such as Infrastructure Priority Area (IPA)
within the Hamakua CDP and designate Honomu, Laupahoehoe, Pa'auilo, and sections of
Honoka'a as priority areas in need of wastewater service."
Infrastructure prioritization desienations should be based on the followine criteria:
■ The area contains a mix of residential and commercial zoni
■ The area lacks a core infrastructure component (municipal or community water,
wastewater, or roadways);
■ Redevelopment options (including the renovation of historic structures) and/or
projected commercial and residential growth (including affordable, multi -family
housine) is hindered by the lack of core infrastructure:
■ Highest priority should be given to areas that contain existing built -out parcels
facing regulatory constraints relating to parcel size, areas with historic buildings and
structures in need of renovation, and areas where affordable housing is lacking and
development is impeded by the lack of necessary infrastructure.
Rationale: This policy is in response to research and community comments on
redevelopment impediments due to the lack of wastewater service availability and an
inability for owners of some properties to comply with Dept. of Health regulations for
individual wastewater systems on small, built -out parcels. The gaps in wastewater
infrastructure are also identified as an affordable housing issue due to the fact that private
wastewater systems for multi -family housing units can be cost prohibitive, and developing
single-family housing units on lots large enough to support individual wastewater systems
(lots must be a minimum of 10,000 square feet) can adversely affect affordability. This issue
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is also being researched through the separate General Plan Comprehensive Update process
and is recognized as an island -wide problem affecting many historic towns in the County.
This policy addresses wastewater gaps through an infrastructure improvement designation
that prioritizes areas in critical need of core services. Creating an infrastructure
improvement designation will facilitate prioritization and provide identifiable criteria for
municipal capital improvement projects, and facilitate funding/grant opportunities.
14. New County Action Policy:
"Develop wastewater systems at a cost-effective scale for small communities. Use
infrastructure priority area criteria in prioritizing communities for critical infrastructure
improvements."
Rationale: This policy addresses the community's need for critical wastewater improvements
and directs the County to work with the Department of Health to determine an appropriate
and feasible alternative wastewater system for small town applications. This would be
advantageous for small towns such as Honomu, which does not have the population base to
support the costs of a traditional wastewater treatment plant.
5.8 Improve Environmental Management Facilities
15. New Community Action:
"Educate neighborhood watch groups or other community groups about how to actively
identify and report littering and illegal dump sites to the Department of Environmental
Management. Raise awareness of the issue through the use of outreach and social media
tools to report sites and offenders."
See more on how to report littering and dumps sites here:
http://www.hawaiizerowaste.org/info/illegal-dumping/"
Rationale: This action is based on numerous community comments relating to littering and
illegal dump sites in the Planning Area.
5.13 Expand Improve Parks & Recreation Facilities
16. New County Action Policy:
"Continue to improve parks and recreation outreach efforts for youth and senior programs in
rural communities to ensure program and facility information is adequately available,
promoted online through accessible websites and through other mediums, and kept up-to-
date to facilitate maximum community participation."
Rationale: This policy encourages continued outreach improvements in response to
community comments that demonstrate a lack of awareness of existing programs, and
sometimes a gap in the ability to access information on current programs online or by phone.
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17. New County Action Policy:
"Develop walking paths for seniors around existing ballparks and other park grounds, as
feasible. These walking paths should be level, paved footpaths that meet accessibility
requirements whenever possible."
■ Refer to existing Policy 103, and K6kua Actions 23, 38, 50, and 61.
Rationale: This policy addition is in response to community requests for more walking paths
and an identified opportunity to improve our park grounds in a simple and inexpensive way
that will benefit seniors and walkers of any age to better utilize existing parks for health,
wellness, and physical fitness.
Section 6: Build a Sustainable, Local Economy
6.2 Strengthening Local Agriculture
18. New County Action Policy:
"Develop increased capacity for County -level agricultural specialists to liaise and coordinate
with State and Federal Agencies in improving and implementing policy, increasing agricultural
education, and promoting opportunities for expanding markets for locally grown products."
Rationale: This new Policy is in response to the volume of comments requesting information
about agricultural education and land availability, agricultural parks, and a distinct knowledge
gap regarding county, state, and federal jurisdictions and services in regards to agriculture.
The intent of this policy is to convey that a better coordination of government services and
information is needed for the agriculture industry. (See also Policy 43; Community Action 5).
19. New County Action Policy:
"Evaluate Countv Zonine Code Section 15-5-72(a)(17) relatine to "livestock production of
ieeeries. apiaries. and pen feedine of livestock shall be I ... I located no closer than one
thousand feet away from any major public street or from any other zoning district."
■ Define what qualifies as a "piggery" or an "apiary';
■ Determine if the minimum distance of 1000 feet from anv public street or other zone is
appropriate for each use referenced; recommend revision to minimum distance if
research iustifies adoptine new minimum distances."
Rationale: This policy is added in response to community concern that the current zoning
code may be arbitrarily setting unreasonable distance minimums for apiaries and piggeries,
and that the County code does not clearly define what size of beekeeping or pig -keeping
qualifies as an apiary or piggery. It is noted that there are numerous examples in other
municipalities where minimum distances for beekeeping sites are less than 1000 feet to a
public road or other zoning designation; and it is recognized that the current distance could be
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negatively impacting small-scale beekeepers from pursuing an important entrepreneurial
agricultural endeavor in the Planning Area.
20. Revise Community Action 44:
Strengthen toe local agriculture value ehain through the following:
■ Develop a marketing brand for Hamakua products (Assist in the promotion of products
produced in Hamakua (GP 2.3(t)).
■ Support Farm to School/Farm to Table Programs, CSAs, and other local farm -to -
consumer initiatives;
■ Support and develop celebratory events that support agriculture (e.g., festivals, rodeos,
parades, community gathering events at farmers' markets, etc.).
■ Work to effectively manage or eradicate invasive species that impact agricultural
production.
■ "Develop agricultural cooperatives to facilitate farming collaborations, cost- and
resource -sharing opportunities, provide a mechanism for marketing assistance and
educational opportunities, and coordinate with County and State Agricultural specialists.
Rationale: This action was added due to community feedback that demonstrated a gap in
outreach regarding existing resources for farmers at the County and State level, and
research about the lack of farming networks in the Hamakua Planning Area.
Pursue the development of incubator communitv kitchens for the production of value-
added aericultural products.
Rationale: This addition is in response to multiple community comments expressing
frustration with the lack of available community (aka: commercial or incubator) kitchens
for small food producers in the Planning Area. Reference: Hawai'i County Economic
Opportunity Council as a potential partner for incubator kitchen development and/or
management in the Community Action Guide. Note: the Community Action Guide is a
supplemental document and is not part of the adopted CDP.
21. New Community Action:
"To better address issues relatine to the Lower Hamakua Ditch: form a cooperative
community group (for example, a "Friends of the Lower Hamakua Ditch" group) composed of
adjacent landowners to the ditch and other affected parties to advocate to and collaborate
with the Department of Agriculture in developing a cooperative management plan that would
seek to resolve issues relating to water quality, water efficiency, ditch maintenance, and to
assess ditch trail access opportunities."
Rationale: This addition is in response to community interest in resolving the maintenance,
water quality, and ditch improvement controversy. Note: the Lower Hamakua Ditch is owned
and managed by the Department of Agriculture. The County of Hawaii does not have
jurisdiction in this area.
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6.6 RevitalizeLocal"Retail Q. Hamakua's Town Centers
22. New County Action Policy:
"Develop underutilized private and public properties within existing towns to be used as
gathering places, community gardens, open squares and markets, auxiliary parking lots
(including park and ride areas), and parks (including pocket and art parks, and outdoor
amphitheaters), etc.
Identified underutilized parcels owned by the County are:
■ Honoka'a: TMK 4-5-005:010 on the corner of Mamane and Puakolo.
■ Papa'aloa: TMK 3-5-003:035 next to the Papa'aloa Gym.
■ O'6kala: TMK 3-9-001:026 (Currently zoned Industrial) & TMK: 3-9-001:034 (between
O'6kala town and Highway 19."
Rationale: The community expressed the desire to strengthen their communities through
gathering and collaborative projects (such as community gardens) and other open spaces.
Additional research through the CDP process has identified the parcels listed as underutilized
areas owned by the County that may have potential for public use.
23. New Community Action:
"Promote the collaborative development, use, and management of community gardens in
towns and neiehborhoods."
Rationale: This community action is based on extensive community interest in community
garden spaces. It is recognized that community gardens are becoming common ways for
urban communities to come together, grow their own food and thereby increase community
resiliency, and beautify vacant areas.
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